把握单元素养目标
主题意识 本单元的主题是太空探索。通过了解与人类探索太空相关的知识，让学生关注人类太空探索的进程，开阔视野、增长见识；感受和体会科学家以及宇航员们为航空航天事业的发展所做出的努力，以及他们勇于开拓的精神；激励学生勤奋学习、刻苦钻研、不畏挫折，努力探索自己的发展道路，立下远大志向，为国家科技事业的发展奉献自己的智慧和力量。
语法项目 理解并正确运用动词不定式作定语和状语。
语言输入 听 听关于介绍人类太空探索历史上的著名宇航员的访谈对话，了解人类探索太空的历史与成就等。
读 阅读关于太空探索历史的科普文，观察和分析文章的组织结构，把握段落和句子之间的衔接和连贯关系；阅读探讨太空探索的意义和价值的议论文，区分作者的论点和相关论据。
看 通过浏览相关图文内容，获取关键信息；观看相关视频，了解太空探索的相关信息。
语言输出 写 能够针对是否支持太空探索这一话题写一篇议论文。
说 能够围绕“太空生活”这一话题积极交流，表达自己的好奇心并提出感兴趣的问题。
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．______________ 与……聊天
2．______________ 对……好奇
3．______________ 成功做
4．______________ 梦想
5．come true ______________
6．join the space programme ______________
7．in order to ______________
8．have the opportunity to do sth.
______________
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What age did Yang Liwei become China's first astronaut？( )
A．32. B．22. C．38.
2．How many hours of flight experience did Mr Yang have？( )
A．1,350. B．1,500. C．172.
3．What quality does an astronaut need to work in space？( )
A．Higher than 172 centimetres.
B．Heavier than 70 kilograms.
C．Healthy and calm.
4．How did Mr Yang feel about being an astronaut？( )
A．Tired. B．Proud. C．Worried.
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．Mr Yang, our audience is very curious about ________________________________ China's first astronaut.
2．Yes, I dreamt of it when I was young, but I never thought _________________________.
3．First, I got my college degree ______________________， and then I worked as a fighter pilot for around 10 years.
4．Do you think that was one of the reasons ________________________ the space programme
5．________________， an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space.
四、听说交际训练
根据本课听力材料中的表达方式完成对话。
Reporter：①____________________________ (祝贺你获得) all round champions!
Yang Wei：Thank you!
Reporter：At the moment can you ②__________________ (告诉我们你的心情)
Yang Wei：Very excited and happy.
Reporter：What do you want to say best
Yang Wei：Thank my coach, my parents, my close players, and ③________________________________ (所有全力支持我的朋友们)．Thank you very much!
Reporter：④____________________________ (你的教练对你非常好), isn't he
Yang Wei：Yes.But also very strict with me.⑤_________________________________________________________ (他对训练中的每一个动作要求都相当严格), and sometimes it seemed to be a little severe.
Reporter：I think it is very helpful to you.
Yang Wei：Now I understand it completely.Except that my players are always ⑥______________________________________ (纠正我不完美的动作)．I'm very thankful to them.
Reporter：Thank you for your time.Best wishes for you!
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
(一)如何听数字
数字与计算是高考听力常考查的题型。听力中，数字常涉及年代、日期、时间、价格、电话号码、倍数、分数、约数、小数、基数词和序数词等。应特别注意的是多位数、日期、年代、房间号、电话号码以及商品“打折”的读法。另外，还要注意数字的辨音，如fourteen和forty。在实际听力训练中，要正确掌握英语数字的写法和读法，才能做出正确判断。
[典例] (2023·山东高考听力)
Q：How soon will the movie start
A．In half an hour.
B．In one hour.
C．In two hours.
[听力原文]
W：How much time do we have before the movie We won't have to hurry, will we
M：Don't worry.It's 6：30 now.We still have two hours.It takes only 30 minutes to get there.
[分析] 首先根据题干中的关键词“How soon”可知，这是一道考查时间数字的题目，听录音时要仔细听与时间相关的数字。根据男士所说的“We still have two hours”可知还有两个小时。故可得出C为正确选项。
(二)复习句子重音
英语重音分为词重音和语句重音，两者是学习英语节奏的基础。一般来说英语句子中需要重读的词有：名词(包括专有名词)、动词、形容词、大多数副词、数词、双音节介词、特殊疑问词、指示代词等；不需要重读的词主要有：冠词、代词、be动词、单音节介词、连词、助词、关系代词和关系副词等。如：
He is a ?teacher.
他是一名教师。
?Charles was here last ?Sunday.
查尔斯上星期天在这儿。
The ?post office is ?open at ?eight.
邮局八点开门。
He ?gave Mr ?Fisher an ?old ?lock in?stead of a ?new one.
他给了费希尔先生一把旧锁，而不是新的。
He ?cooked ?two ?eggs.
他煮了两个鸡蛋。
?Take the ?first ?turning on the ?right.
在第一个路口右转弯。
?This is a ?very ?good ?ship.
这是一艘很好的船。
?What did he ?say
他说了什么？
?What ?time shall I ?come
我应当什么时间来？
?When can I ?phone you
我什么时候可以给你打电话？
?Hurry ?up！快点！
I ?always ?clean my ?teeth in the morning.
我总是在早晨刷牙。
注意：有时，为了表达特定的意义，一些通常无需重读的词也会出现重读。
|多积主题表达|
与“太空探索”有关的表达
1．extreme adj. 极端的
2．extraordinary adj. 非凡的
3．challenge n. 挑战
4．unpredictable adj. 难以预测的
5．landscape n. 景观
6．severe adj. 严重的
7．defeat v. 打败
8．latitude n. 纬度
9．receiver n. 接收器
10．calculate v. 计算
11．Life in space is wonderful and challenging!
太空生活真是既奇妙又有挑战性！
12．Every day in space I experience amazing and unexpected things.
每天在太空中我都会体验到奇妙且又令人意想不到的事情。
13．Because time is very precious, astronauts have a lot of tasks in space.
由于时间十分宝贵，航天员在太空的任务有很多。
14．My favorite thing to do is take pictures of the Earth.我最喜欢做的事情是给地球拍照。
First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.
首先，你必须足够聪明来获得相关的大学学位。
★intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的
|用|法|感|知|
This article also introduces the intelligent system for the railway station.
本文还介绍了该火车站的智能系统。
Johnson is a person of high intelligence who knows his own mind.
约翰逊是个有自己想法的高智商的人。
It is believed that the development of artificial intelligence will have a positive impact on our lives in the near future.
人们认为，人工智能的发展在不久的将来会对我们的生活产生积极的影响。
(1)intelligent software/system智能软件/系统
(2)intelligence n．智力；理解力；智慧
a person of high/low intelligence 智力高/低的人
artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能
intelligence quotient (IQ) 智商
|应|用|融|会|(单句语法填空)
①These children are born with equal ________ (intelligent)．
②It is generally agreed that a person ________ high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas quickly.
③Why is it that some people are so much ________________ (intelligent) or creative than the rest of us
Section Ⅰ
听力发掘训练
一、1.chat with 2.be curious about 3.succeed in doing
4．dream of 5.实现 6.加入太空项目 7.为了……
8．有做某事的机会
二、1～4 CACB
三、1.how you succeeded in becoming 2.my wish would come true 3.when I was 22 4.why you were chosen for
5．As we all know
四、①Congratulate you on earning ②tell us your feeling ③all the friends who support me fully ④Your coach is very kind to you ⑤He was quite strict in every movement during the training ⑥correcting my imperfect movements
新知深化学习
①intelligence ②of ③more intelligent
1 / 6(共62张PPT)
主题意识 本单元的主题是太空探索。通过了解与人类探索太空相关的知识，让学生关注人类太空探索的进程，开阔视野、增长见识；感受和体会科学家以及宇航员们为航空航天事业的发展所做出的努力，以及他们勇于开拓的精神；激励学生勤奋学习、刻苦钻研、不畏挫折，努力探索自己的发展道路，立下远大志向，为国家科技事业的发展奉献自己的智慧和力量。
语法项目 理解并正确运用动词不定式作定语和状语。
把握单元 素养目标
续表
语言输入 听 听关于介绍人类太空探索历史上的著名宇航员的访谈对话，了解人类探索太空的历史与成就等。
读 阅读关于太空探索历史的科普文，观察和分析文章的组织结构，把握段落和句子之间的衔接和连贯关系；阅读探讨太空探索的意义和价值的议论文，区分作者的论点和相关论据。
看 通过浏览相关图文内容，获取关键信息；观看相关视频，了解太空探索的相关信息。
语言输出 写 能够针对是否支持太空探索这一话题写一篇议论文。
说 能够围绕“太空生活”这一话题积极交流，表达自己的好奇心并提出感兴趣的问题。
续表
Section Ⅰ
Listening and Speaking
目 录
听力发掘训练
新知深化学习
课时跟踪检测
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1． 与……聊天
2． 对……好奇
3． 成功做
4． 梦想
听力发掘训练
chat with
be curious about
succeed in doing
dream of
5．come true ______
6．join the space programme _____________
7．in order to _________
8．have the opportunity to do sth. _______________
实现
加入太空项目
为了……
有做某事的机会
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What age did Yang Liwei become China's first astronaut
A．32. B．22. C．38.
2．How many hours of flight experience did Mr Yang have
A．1,350. B．1,500. C．172.
√
√
3．What quality does an astronaut need to work in space
A．Higher than 172 centimetres.
B．Heavier than 70 kilograms.
C．Healthy and calm.
4．How did Mr Yang feel about being an astronaut
A．Tired. B．Proud. C．Worried.
√
√
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．Mr Yang, our audience is very curious about ______________ _____________________China's first astronaut.
2．Yes, I dreamt of it when I was young, but I never thought _______________________.
3．First, I got my college degree , and then I worked as a fighter pilot for around 10 years.
how you
my wish would come true
when I was 22
succeeded in becoming
4．Do you think that was one of the reasons _____________ ___________the space programme
5． , an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space.
why you were
As we all know
chosen for
四、听说交际训练
根据本课听力材料中的表达方式完成对话。
Reporter：① (祝贺你获得) all-round champions!
Yang Wei：Thank you!
Reporter：At the moment can you ② (告诉我们你的心情)
Congratulate you on earning
tell us your feeling
Yang Wei：Very excited and happy.
Reporter：What do you want to say best
Yang Wei：Thank my coach, my parents, my close players, and ③ (所有全力支持我的朋友们). Thank you very much!
Reporter：④ (你的教练对你非常好), isn't he
all the friends who support me fully
Your coach is very kind to you
Yang Wei：Yes.But also very strict with me.⑤________________ __________________________________________(他对训练中的每一个动作要求都相当严格), and sometimes it seemed to be a little severe.
Reporter：I think it is very helpful to you.
Yang Wei：Now I understand it completely.Except that my players are always ⑥ (纠正我不完美的动作)．I'm very thankful to them.
Reporter：Thank you for your time.Best wishes for you！
He was quite
correcting my imperfect movements
strict in every movement during the training
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
(一)如何听数字
数字与计算是高考听力常考查的题型。听力中，数字常涉及年代、日期、时间、价格、电话号码、倍数、分数、约数、小数、基数词和序数词等。应特别注意的是多位数、日期、年代、房间号、电话号码以及商品“打折”的读法。另外，还要注意数字的辨音，如fourteen和forty。在实际听力训练中，要正确掌握英语数字的写法和读法，才能做出正确判断。
[典例] (2023·山东高考听力)
Q：How soon will the movie start
A．In half an hour.
B．In one hour.
C．In two hours.
[听力原文]
W：How much time do we have before the movie We won't have to hurry, will we
M：Don't worry.It's 6：30 now.We still have two hours.It takes only 30 minutes to get there.
[分析] 首先根据题干中的关键词“How soon”可知，这是一道考查时间数字的题目，听录音时要仔细听与时间相关的数字。根据男士所说的“We still have two hours”可知还有两个小时。故可得出C为正确选项。
(二)复习句子重音
英语重音分为词重音和语句重音，两者是学习英语节奏的基础。一般来说英语句子中需要重读的词有：名词(包括专有名词)、动词、形容词、大多数副词、数词、双音节介词、特殊疑问词、指示代词等；不需要重读的词主要有：冠词、代词、be动词、单音节介词、连词、助词、关系代词和关系副词等。如：
He is a ?teacher.
他是一名教师。
?Charles was here last ?Sunday.
查尔斯上星期天在这儿。
The ?post office is ?open at ?eight.
邮局八点开门。
He ?gave Mr ?Fisher an ?old ?lock in?stead of a ?new one.
他给了费希尔先生一把旧锁，而不是新的。
He ?cooked ?two ?eggs.
他煮了两个鸡蛋。
?Take the ?first ?turning on the ?right.
在第一个路口右转弯。
?This is a ?very ?good ?ship.
这是一艘很好的船。
?What did he ?say
他说了什么？
?What ?time shall I ?come
我应当什么时间来？
?When can I ?phone you
我什么时候可以给你打电话？
?Hurry ?up！快点！
I ?always ?clean my ?teeth in the morning.
我总是在早晨刷牙。
注意：有时，为了表达特定的意义，一些通常无需重读的词也会出现重读。
|多积主题表达|
与“太空探索”有关的表达
1．extreme adj. 极端的
2．extraordinary adj. 非凡的
3．challenge n. 挑战
4．unpredictable adj. 难以预测的
5．landscape n. 景观
6．severe adj. 严重的
7．defeat v. 打败
8．latitude n. 纬度
9．receiver n. 接收器
10．calculate v. 计算
11．Life in space is wonderful and challenging!
太空生活真是既奇妙又有挑战性！
12．Every day in space I experience amazing and unexpected things.
每天在太空中我都会体验到奇妙且又令人意想不到的事情。
13．Because time is very precious, astronauts have a lot of tasks in space.
由于时间十分宝贵，航天员在太空的任务有很多。
14．My favorite thing to do is take pictures of the Earth.
我最喜欢做的事情是给地球拍照。
First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.
首先，你必须足够聪明来获得相关的大学学位。
★intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的
新知深化学习
|用|法|感|知|
This article also introduces the intelligent system for the railway station.
本文还介绍了该火车站的智能系统。
Johnson is a person of high intelligence who knows his own mind.
约翰逊是个有自己想法的高智商的人。
It is believed that the development of artificial intelligence will have a positive impact on our lives in the near future.
人们认为，人工智能的发展在不久的将来会对我们的生活产生积极的影响。
[归纳点拨]
(1)intelligent software/system 智能软件/系统
(2)intelligence n． 智力；理解力；智慧
a person of high/low intelligence 智力高/低的人
artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能
intelligence quotient (IQ) 智商
|应|用|融|会|(单句语法填空)
①These children are born with equal (intelligent)．
②It is generally agreed that a person high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas quickly.
③Why is it that some people are so much (intelligent) or creative than the rest of us
intelligence
of
more intelligent
课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Bacteria are an annoying problem for (宇航员)．
2．The (程序) appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January.
astronauts
procedure
3．What's more, doing housework can be a form of (精神上的) relaxation from study.
4．Scientists believe playing together is something only ___________(聪明的) animals do.
mental
intelligent
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I have grown not only physically, but also (mental) in the past few years.
2．Artificial (intelligent) has influenced people's life in many ways.
3．Generally speaking, children are always curious everything.
mentally
intelligence
about
4．When the boys graduated high school, Ann moved to a small town in Vermont.
5．He could remember a time he had worked like that himself.
from
when
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．There I had some difficulties in my life.
有一段时间，在生活中我遇到了一些困难。
2．Though she ，she refrains from asking too many questions.
尽管她对他的过去好奇，但她尽量避免问他过多的问题。
was a time when
is curious about his past
3． ，our grade is to hold an annual activity called English Drama Show.
为了丰富学生的学校生活，我们年级将举办一项名为“英语戏剧表演”的年度活动。
To enrich students' school life
4． the farmers take the happiness that labor brings me.
我不仅感受到了农民的辛苦，也感受到了劳动带给我的快乐。
5．He was not brave enough of the documents.
他没有足够的勇气报告丢失了文件。
Not only do I/I not only feel the pains
but also
to report the loss
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
By 2035, NASA wants to land humans on Mars.But reaching the red planet, on average around 140 million miles away, will be difficult.Colder than Antarctica and with little to no oxygen, Mars is an unfriendly environment.Besides, the longer it takes astronauts to get there and the longer they stay, the more they are at risk.
That's why scientists are looking at ways to reduce trip time.Seattle-based company Ultra Safe Nuclear Technologies (USNC-Tech) has offered a solution：an NTP engine that could get humans from Earth to Mars in just three months.Such an engine takes advantage of nuclear technology.Currently, the shortest possible trip for an unmanned spacecraft is seven months, but a manned mission is expected to take at least nine months.Shorter missions would limit the astronaut's exposure to space radiation, but there is still concern about the radiation sent out from the nuclear reactor inside the spacecraft.This would be mitigated through the rocket's design.
To protect people on the ground, the NTP spacecraft would not lift off directly from Earth, Jeff Sheehy, a NASA scientist, adds.Instead, a regular chemical rocket would carry it into orbit, and only then would it fire up its nuclear reactor.Once in orbit, it could do little harm, as heat radiation cannot move through a vacuum (真空)．If disaster hit and the rocket's reactor broke up, the pieces would not land on Earth — or any other planet — for thousands of years.By that time, the radioactive substance would have “naturally got to the point where it wasn't dangerous anymore”．
Michael Eades, director of engineering at USNC-Tech, says that nuclear-powered rockets would be more powerful and twice as efficient as the chemical engines used today, meaning they could travel further and faster, while burning less fuel.“Nuclear-powered rockets will be key to opening up the solar system but it could be at least two decades before they are used widely，” he says, adding that numerous demonstrations and tests would need to be carried out before an astronaut is sent to Mars in an NTP rocket.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了NASA计划在2035年将人类送上火星的挑战，以及USNC-Tech公司提出的解决方案：利用核热推进(NTP)引擎缩短地球到火星的旅行时间。文章还讨论了这种引擎的安全性和效率，以及在实际应用之前需要进行的测试和演示。
1．What does the underlined word “mitigated” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Shortened. B．Relieved.
C．Achieved. D．Simplified.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前一句可知，较短的任务会限制宇航员暴露在太空辐射中，但人们仍对航天器内核反应堆发出的辐射感到担忧；再结合“This would be mitigated through the rocket's design”可知，这种情况会通过火箭的设计得到缓解。由此可推知，“mitigated”意思是“减轻，缓和”，与“relieved”意思相近，故选B。
√
2．Why is the NTP spacecraft safe according to the text
A．It barely spreads radiation in orbit.
B．Its radioactive substance will disappear soon.
C．Its broken reactor will be left on Mars.
D．It doesn't give out unclear radiation in space.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Once in orbit, it could do little harm, as heat radiation cannot move through a vacuum (真空)”可知，NTP航天器在轨道上几乎不传播辐射，所以是安全的，故选A。
3．What do Michael Eades' words indicate about the NTP spacecraft
A．It will fly to Mars without astronauts for tests.
B．It has been widely used for NASA.
C．It will be a breakthrough in space exploration.
D．It carries more fuel than a regular one.
√
解析：推理判断题，根据最后一段“Nuclear-powered rockets will be key to ...before they are used widely”可知，迈克尔·伊德斯认为核动力火箭将是开启太阳系的关键，这表明核动力火箭将是太空探索的一个突破，故选C。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Exploring the planets with an amateur telescope
If you're a new telescope owner, the whole sky is your playground. 4 The brightest ones stand out in the night sky and are easy to spot through your telescope.
5 In general, small telescopes with low magnification (放大率) will not show as much detail as larger amateur telescopes at higher magnification.
Many experienced amateur observers let their telescopes get used to outside temperatures. 6 While the equipment is cooling down, observers gather their star charts, warm clothes, and other accessories (配件)．
Most telescopes come with eyepieces.It's always best to check the guide to see which one is best for planetary viewing.In general, look for eyepieces with names like Pl ssl or Orthoscopic, in lengths of three to nine millimeters. 7
If this all seems confusing, it's always a good idea to take the telescope to a local astronomy club, a camera store, or a planetarium (天文馆) for advice from more experienced observers. 8
It's important to research which stars will be in the sky at any given time.Magazines such as Sky & Telescope publish charts each month on their websites showing what's visible.Astronomy software packages, hike Stellarium, have much of the same information.There are also smartphone apps that provide star charts at your fingertips.
A．This takes about 30 minutes.
B．There's a wealth of information available online, too.
C．There's no “one size fits all” solution to planet-gazing.
D．But if you're a beginner, you may want to start by looking for planets.
E．The easiest object in the sky to observe with a telescope is the Moon.
F．Which one to choose depends on the size and focal length of the telescope.
G．Magnification means how many times larger a telescope will make an object look.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为刚刚买了望远镜想要观察星空的初学者提出了一些建议。
4．选D 空前一句引出话题，说明有了新望远镜就可以探索星空。空后一句提到用望远镜可以看到夜空中最亮的星星。D项“但如果你是初学者，你可能想从寻找行星开始”和上文形成转折关系，语义相衔接。下文中“The brightest ones”指代该项中的“planets”。
5．选C 下文从另一个侧面说明，在观测过程中，并不能保证所有的条件都完美，并没有可以解决一切问题的方案。C项“对于行星观测，没有‘一刀切’的解决方案”对下文进行总结，符合语境。
6．选A 结合空前和空后内容可知，该段主要讲述经验丰富的业余观察员通常会在室外调试望远镜以适应室外温度，然后再开展相关观测工作。而这中间就需要讲到冷却时间。故A项“这大约需要30分钟”承上启下，符合语境。
7．选F 空前提到要选择最适合行星观测的目镜。F项“选择哪一个取决于望远镜的大小和焦距”承接上文，符合语境。
8．选B 上文提到对于以上提到的“室外调试”“目镜选用”等建议还有困惑的情况下，可以去天文俱乐部、相机商店或天文馆等地寻求帮助。B项“网上也有丰富的信息”承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.主题微写作
结合汉语提示完成下面对话。
M：I'm reading an interesting report on Mars.
W：Oh, what does it say Does it say water could ①___________ _______________________ (火星表面下仍然存在水)
M：Absolutely！It says there is water on Mars buried beneath the surface.②______________________________ (它仅仅是个有多深的问题)．
still exist
under the surface of Mars
It's just a matter of how deep it is
W：Then could the soil on Mars be fertile ③_______________ ____________ (足够种植简单的植物)
M：The soil would need quite a bit of fertilizer to grow anything.And it would ④_______________________ (需要被保护免受) the UV radiation.
W：Actually, we are doing a project in school that involves landing ship and staying on Mars for an extended period of time.
enough to grow
simple plants
need to be protected from
M：It sounds wonderful!
W：⑤______________________________________ (关于火星最令人兴奋的事情之一) is that there could have been life on it.
M：Well, I'm not really an expert in this area, ⑥_________ ______________________________________ (但我的理解是，一切皆有可能)．
W：Thank you for sharing me with your opinions.
M：Not at all.
One of the most exciting things about Mars
but my
understanding is that anything is possibleUNIT 4 课时检测(一) Listening and Speaking
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Bacteria are an annoying problem for __________ (宇航员)．
2．The __________ (程序) appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January.
3．What's more, doing housework can be a form of __________ (精神上的) relaxation from study.
4．Scientists believe playing together is something only __________ (聪明的) animals do.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I have grown not only physically, but also ______ (mental) in the past few years.
2．Artificial __________ (intelligent) has influenced people's life in many ways.
3．Generally speaking, children are always curious __________ everything.
4．When the boys graduated __________ high school, Ann moved to a small town in Vermont.
5．He could remember a time __________ he had worked like that himself.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．There __________________ I had some difficulties in my life.
有一段时间，在生活中我遇到了一些困难。
2．Though she ____________________________， she refrains from asking too many questions.
尽管她对他的过去好奇，但她尽量避免问他过多的问题。
3．____________________________， our grade is to hold an annual activity called English Drama Show.
为了丰富学生的学校生活，我们年级将举办一项名为“英语戏剧表演”的年度活动。
4．____________________________ the farmers take __________ the happiness that labor brings me.我不仅感受到了农民的辛苦，也感受到了劳动带给我的快乐。
5．He was not brave enough ____________ of the documents.
他没有足够的勇气报告丢失了文件。
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
By 2035, NASA wants to land humans on Mars.But reaching the red planet, on average around 140 million miles away, will be difficult.Colder than Antarctica and with little to no oxygen, Mars is an unfriendly environment.Besides, the longer it takes astronauts to get there and the longer they stay, the more they are at risk.
That's why scientists are looking at ways to reduce trip time.Seattle based company Ultra Safe Nuclear Technologies (USNC Tech) has offered a solution：an NTP engine that could get humans from Earth to Mars in just three months.Such an engine takes advantage of nuclear technology.Currently, the shortest possible trip for an unmanned spacecraft is seven months, but a manned mission is expected to take at least nine months.Shorter missions would limit the astronaut's exposure to space radiation, but there is still concern about the radiation sent out from the nuclear reactor inside the spacecraft.This would be mitigated through the rocket's design.
To protect people on the ground, the NTP spacecraft would not lift off directly from Earth, Jeff Sheehy, a NASA scientist, adds.Instead, a regular chemical rocket would carry it into orbit, and only then would it fire up its nuclear reactor.Once in orbit, it could do little harm, as heat radiation cannot move through a vacuum (真空)．If disaster hit and the rocket's reactor broke up, the pieces would not land on Earth — or any other planet — for thousands of years.By that time, the radioactive substance would have “naturally got to the point where it wasn't dangerous anymore”．
Michael Eades, director of engineering at USNC Tech, says that nuclear powered rockets would be more powerful and twice as efficient as the chemical engines used today, meaning they could travel further and faster, while burning less fuel.“Nuclear powered rockets will be key to opening up the solar system but it could be at least two decades before they are used widely，” he says, adding that numerous demonstrations and tests would need to be carried out before an astronaut is sent to Mars in an NTP rocket.
1．What does the underlined word “mitigated” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Shortened. B．Relieved.
C．Achieved. D．Simplified.
2．Why is the NTP spacecraft safe according to the text
A．It barely spreads radiation in orbit.
B．Its radioactive substance will disappear soon.
C．Its broken reactor will be left on Mars.
D．It doesn't give out unclear radiation in space.
3．What do Michael Eades' words indicate about the NTP spacecraft
A．It will fly to Mars without astronauts for tests.
B．It has been widely used for NASA.
C．It will be a breakthrough in space exploration.
D．It carries more fuel than a regular one.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Exploring the planets with an amateur telescope
If you're a new telescope owner, the whole sky is your playground. __4__ The brightest ones stand out in the night sky and are easy to spot through your telescope.
__5__ In general, small telescopes with low magnification (放大率) will not show as much detail as larger amateur telescopes at higher magnification.
Many experienced amateur observers let their telescopes get used to outside temperatures. __6__ While the equipment is cooling down, observers gather their star charts, warm clothes, and other accessories (配件)．
Most telescopes come with eyepieces.It's always best to check the guide to see which one is best for planetary viewing.In general, look for eyepieces with names like Pl ssl or Orthoscopic, in lengths of three to nine millimeters. __7__
If this all seems confusing, it's always a good idea to take the telescope to a local astronomy club, a camera store, or a planetarium (天文馆) for advice from more experienced observers.__8__
It's important to research which stars will be in the sky at any given time.Magazines such as Sky & Telescope publish charts each month on their websites showing what's visible.Astronomy software packages, hike Stellarium, have much of the same information.There are also smartphone apps that provide star charts at your fingertips.
A．This takes about 30 minutes.
B．There's a wealth of information available online, too.
C．There's no “one size fits all” solution to planet gazing.
D．But if you're a beginner, you may want to start by looking for planets.
E．The easiest object in the sky to observe with a telescope is the Moon.
F．Which one to choose depends on the size and focal length of the telescope.
G．Magnification means how many times larger a telescope will make an object look.
Ⅲ.主题微写作
结合汉语提示完成下面对话。
M：I'm reading an interesting report on Mars.
W：Oh, what does it say Does it say water could ①_________________________________________ (火星表面下仍然存在水)
M：Absolutely！It says there is water on Mars buried beneath the surface.②________________________________ (它仅仅是个有多深的问题)．
W：Then could the soil on Mars be fertile ③__________________________ (足够种植简单的植物)
M：The soil would need quite a bit of fertilizer to grow anything.And it would ④________________________ (需要被保护免受) the UV radiation.
W：Actually, we are doing a project in school that involves landing ship and staying on Mars for an extended period of time.
M：It sounds wonderful!
W：⑤______________________________________ (关于火星最令人兴奋的事情之一) is that there could have been life on it.
M：Well, I'm not really an expert in this area, ⑥________________________________________ (但我的理解是，一切皆有可能)．
W：Thank you for sharing me with your opinions.
M：Not at all.
UNIT 4 课时检测(一)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.astronauts 2.procedure 3.mental 4.intelligent
Ⅱ.1.mentally 2.intelligence 3.about 4.from 5.when
Ⅲ.1.was a time when 2.is curious about his past 3.To enrich students' school life 4.Not only do I/I not only feel the pains; but also 5.to report the loss
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了NASA计划在2035年将人类送上火星的挑战，以及USNC Tech公司提出的解决方案：利用核热推进(NTP)引擎缩短地球到火星的旅行时间。文章还讨论了这种引擎的安全性和效率，以及在实际应用之前需要进行的测试和演示。
1．选B 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前一句可知，较短的任务会限制宇航员暴露在太空辐射中，但人们仍对航天器内核反应堆发出的辐射感到担忧；再结合“This would be mitigated through the rocket's design”可知，这种情况会通过火箭的设计得到缓解。由此可推知，“mitigated”意思是“减轻，缓和”，与“relieved”意思相近，故选B。
2．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段“Once in orbit, it could do little harm, as heat radiation cannot move through a vacuum (真空)”可知，NTP航天器在轨道上几乎不传播辐射，所以是安全的，故选A。
3．选C 推理判断题，根据最后一段“Nuclear powered rockets will be key to ...before they are used widely”可知，迈克尔·伊德斯认为核动力火箭将是开启太阳系的关键，这表明核动力火箭将是太空探索的一个突破，故选C。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为刚刚买了望远镜想要观察星空的初学者提出了一些建议。
4．选D 空前一句引出话题，说明有了新望远镜就可以探索星空。空后一句提到用望远镜可以看到夜空中最亮的星星。D项“但如果你是初学者，你可能想从寻找行星开始”和上文形成转折关系，语义相衔接。下文中“The brightest ones”指代该项中的“planets”。
5．选C 下文从另一个侧面说明，在观测过程中，并不能保证所有的条件都完美，并没有可以解决一切问题的方案。C项“对于行星观测，没有‘一刀切’的解决方案”对下文进行总结，符合语境。
6．选A 结合空前和空后内容可知，该段主要讲述经验丰富的业余观察员通常会在室外调试望远镜以适应室外温度，然后再开展相关观测工作。而这中间就需要讲到冷却时间。故A项“这大约需要30分钟”承上启下，符合语境。
7．选F 空前提到要选择最适合行星观测的目镜。F项“选择哪一个取决于望远镜的大小和焦距”承接上文，符合语境。
8．选B 上文提到对于以上提到的“室外调试”“目镜选用”等建议还有困惑的情况下，可以去天文俱乐部、相机商店或天文馆等地寻求帮助。B项“网上也有丰富的信息”承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.主题微写作
①still exist under the surface of Mars ②It's just a matter of how deep it is ③enough to grow simple plants ④need to be protected from ⑤One of the most exciting things about Mars ⑥but my understanding is that anything is possible
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