第1单元 生活与学习 限时训练2【突破验收卷】高三英语一轮话题复习（答案解析案）

第1单元　生活与学习
限时训练2
限时30分钟
Ⅰ　阅读理解
A
　　Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor, Niccolo Filippi, a 23-year-old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms and believes that this experience will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance.
His interest in diversifying his skills grew after he stumbled upon a short video of traditional Chinese-styled dance on YouTube. “I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it,” says Filippi.
Ever since, he has been closely following Chinese dance performers and watching numerous videos to learn more about the traditional style that he admires. “I prefer the traditional style because of its light movements. It also reflects my personality with elegance,” he adds.
Filippi's chance came when he was invited to perform for a Chinese New Year celebration in the central Italian city of Florence. He has since fully committed himself to the art form, learning several pieces and putting his newfound passion into practice.
“The biggest difference that I found (compared to other disciplines) is the change of mood and emotional expressions among dances,” says Filippi, adding that he needed to shift from the dynamic moves of hip-hop to the graceful and fluid movements of Chinese dance. Despite various obstacles, Filippi's efforts have not gone unnoticed. Two of his friends shared videos of his performances on social media, and the response was overwhelming. One video gathered 500,000 views, while the other received 200,000 views.
Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth. “I like to think of a person as a book,” he says. “Embracing different traditions and cultures, such as Chinese culture and many others, is like adding new chapters to my book, making it more diverse and wonderful.”
1.What was the main reason why Filippi fell in love with traditional Chinese dance
A.Its potential to boost his career.　　　　B.Its mix of traditional and modern elements.
C.Its graceful and light movements.　　　　D.Its true reflection of his elegant personality.
2.How does the author illustrate the popularity of Filippi's videos
A.By listing numbers.　　　　B.By giving an example.
C.By sharing a story.　　　　D.By making a comparison.
3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Filippi thinks little of learning from other cultures.
B.People prefer to write down their past experiences.
C.Accepting various cultures boosts personal growth.
D.A book with chapters on traditions is more wonderful.
4.What is the main idea of the passage
A.Chinese-styled dance videos go viral on social media.
B.An Italian's dance journey towards specialization starts.
C.Filippi's desire for Italian culture extends beyond dance.
D.An Italian dancer shows passion for Chinese-styled dance.
B
　　Decisions in life are rarely black and white but usually involve shades of gray. At dinner time, the decision you face is not between fasting and eating like a pig, but whether to take that extra spoonful of food. When exams are around the corner, your decision is not between quitting them and studying 24 hours a day, but whether to spend an extra hour reviewing your notes. Economists use the term “marginal changes” to describe minor adjustments to an existing plan of action.
In many situations, people make the best decisions by thinking at the margin. The margin means the “edge”, so marginal changes are adjustments around the edges of what you are doing. Suppose, for instance, that you ask a friend for advice about how many years to stay in school. If he compares the lifestyle of a person with a Ph.D. to that of a grade school dropout, you might complain that this comparison is not helpful for your decision. You have some education already and most likely are deciding whether to spend an extra year or two in school. To make this decision, you need to know the additional benefits that an extra year in school would offer (higher salaries throughout life and the pure joy of learning) and the additional costs that you would pay (tuition and the forgone salaries while you are in school). By comparing these marginal benefits and marginal costs, you can evaluate whether the extra year is worthwhile.
Individuals and firms can make better decisions by thinking at the margin. A rational decision-maker takes action if and only if the marginal benefit of the action exceeds the marginal cost.
5.What does “fasting” underlined in Paragraph 1 mean
A.Eating or drinking a lot.　　　　B.Eating little or no food.
C.Eating on a regular basis.　　　　D.Eating without appetite.
6.Why does the author give an example in Paragraph 2
A.To explain marginal thinking.　　　　B.To solve real-life problems.
C.To evaluate marginal thinking.　　　　D.To encourage adjustments.
7.What can we infer from the text
A.It is unnecessary to make minor adjustments to plans.
B.Comparison makes little sense in decision-making.
C.People often weigh up benefits and costs of decisions.
D.Marginal changes are controversial among individuals.
8.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Marginal Thinking Leads to Better Decisions
B.Marginal Benefit Goes Beyond Marginal Cost
C.Rational Thinkers Exist in All Aspects of Life
D.Pleasure Results from Effective Comparison
Ⅱ　七选五
　　(2024河北开学检测)Good note-taking can be very important to academic and professional success. 1.　　　 However, you may not be sure how to take notes. To do so, use note-taking techniques for written texts or presentations such as lectures, seminars (研讨会), and meetings.
2.　　　 Keep your notes organized by writing important details at the top of each page. Include information such as the date, bibliographic (书目的) information, and the page number of your notes. Noting details can make it easier for you to return to your notes and get important information.
Use your own language. 3.　　　 Avoid noting anything in the text verbatim, or word for word, unless it is a phrase or quote you may later use. Taking notes in your own words actively engages your brain, helps you better understand the text, makes you more likely to retain the information, and may minimize the risk of plagiarism (剽窃).
Develop your own system of signs and abbreviations that can help you more quickly take notes and review them. 4.　　
Skip lines on the paper for later reviews. As you write your keywords and ideas down, leave space between each line. 5.　　　This helps you quickly have and identify all of the relevant material to that keyword or thought.
A.Note details at the top of your paper.
B.Notes can help you finish projects properly and pass tests.
C.Write down key facts, ideas, and details in your own words.
D.Summarize what you've written on the page in 2-4 sentences.
E.Think about the text you're reading or the lecture you're listening to.
F.For example, “SM” for “scientific method”, or “GH” for “gender history”.
G.Having extra room allows you to make additional notes that you may not understand.
Ⅲ　完形填空
　　What no one ever tells college students is how little they'll be prepared for the real world. Many graduates will not get the 　1　 they wanted and the one they do get will be different from what they dreamed about.
After graduating, I packed my bags and headed 　2　 to the big city for a well-paid job with good potential. I hoped this would be my 　3　 to expand my professional experience and figure out what I was supposed to do with my life.
But I was 　4　. Before I knew it, I was swept into the entry-level job world: long hours before a 　5　, service calls from rude customers and repetitive work I wasn't 　6　 in. Having studied Psychology, English, and Sociology, I was supposed to be working in a job that 　7　 me to use my enthusiasm, not to 　8　 it. This was not at all what I had 　9　 for.
So I decided to turn in my 　10　.
Two weeks later I 　11　 again and moved back to my college town. I found a full-time job working with kids with special needs and began a part-time 　12　 career. And I found out special-needs kids are the greatest and that writing is 　13　 and easy.
The key to 　14　 may very well be doing what you love. Sometimes all it takes is a spontaneous (自发的) life 　15　 to bring back your joy.
1.A.honor　　　　B.job　　　　C.qualification　　　　D.reward
2.A.eagerly　　　　B.secretly　　　　C.discouragedly　　　　D.unwillingly
3.A.wish　　　　B.experiment　　　　C.opportunity　　　　D.right
4.A.realistic　　　　B.responsible　　　　C.incorrect　　　　D.sensitive
5.A.picture　　　　B.mirror　　　　C.house　　　　D.screen
6.A.engaged　　　　B.stuck　　　　C.experienced　　　　D.interested
7.A.forced　　　　B.allowed　　　　C.reminded　　　　D.convinced
8.A.appreciate　　　　B.ignore　　　　C.share　　　　D.tolerate
9.A.signed up　　　　B.turned away　　　　C.stood out　　　　D.come back
10.A.notice　　　　B.offer　　　　C.suggestion　　　　D.conclusion
11.A.hesitated　　　　B.escaped　　　　C.packed　　　　D.graduated
12.A.educating　　　　B.marketing　　　　C.drawing　　　　D.writing
13.A.cheap　　　　B.smooth 　　　　C.original　　　　D.identical
14.A.wealth　　　　B.friendship 　　　　C.happiness　　　　D.teamwork
15.A.decision　　　　B.review　　　　C.challenge　　　　D.style
答案全解全析
限时训练2
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是意大利舞蹈演员Niccolo Filippi决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式,并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯的发展,还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it,’ says Filippi.”可知,Filippi爱上中国传统舞蹈的主要原因是它融合了传统和现代元素。故选B。
同义表达
　　题干中的“fell in love with”与该句中的“liked”表达相同的意思。
2.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知,他的两个朋友在社交媒体上分享了他的表演视频,而且反响惊人,其中一个视频获得了50万次观看,而另一个则获得了20万次观看。由此可推知,作者通过列出数字说明Filippi的视频的受欢迎程度,故选A。
3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth.”可知,Filippi认为了解不同的文化是极其重要的,而且他把这视为个人成长的一种方式。由此可知,接受不同的文化能促进个人成长,故选C。
4.D　主旨大意题。依据新闻报道的特点,第一段为本文主要内容。由“...Niccolo Filippi, a 23-year-old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms...”可知,Niccolo Filippi决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式。这是本文的中心,后文进一步叙述了他对中国舞蹈的认识以及探索原因。综上可知,D项“一位意大利舞者对中国风格的舞蹈表现出热情”能够概括本文主旨,故选D。
难句分析
原句　Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor, Niccolo Filippi, a 23-year-old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms and believes that this experience will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance.
分析　本句为主从复合句。“Having spent...” 为现在分词短语作状语,第二个and连接并列谓语decided和believes,后面的that引导宾语从句,并且从句中使用了“not only...but also...”来连接两个并列谓语动词boost和broaden。
译文　在舞场上度过了十多年后,23岁的意大利舞蹈演员Niccolo Filippi最近决定探索中国文化以及它的传统舞蹈形式。他相信这种经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯的发展,而且还会拓展他在舞蹈世界之外的视野。
B
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了边际思维的定义和功能,以及它对人们在日常工作、学习和生活中作出合理的决定的作用。
5.B　词义猜测题。本段第一句提到生活中的决定很少是非黑即白的,而通常涉及灰色。第二句提到在晚餐时间,你面临的决定不是“fasting”还是像猪一样吃,而是是否多吃一勺食物。结合下文的例子可知“fasting”在此处与“eating like a pig”意思相反,表示“少吃或者不吃”的意思。故选B。
易错分析
　　该题容易错选D项。主要原因是未能理解选项之间的细微差别,或者说对错误选项的理解过于武断。D项中的“without appetite(没胃口)”侧重于身体不适或情绪方面的原因,而原文更侧重于思维认识层面的原因。建议遇到此类题目时,加强选项间词汇差异的辨识,以及多联系原文语境。
6.A　推理判断题。第二段前两句指出在许多情况下,人们通过边际思考来做出最佳决策,边际意味着“边缘”,所以边际变化是围绕你正在做的事情的边缘进行的调整。接着下文举出例子“例如,假设你向一个朋友征求关于在学校待多少年的建议。如果他把一个博士的生活方式和一个小学辍学的人的生活方式进行比较,你可能会抱怨这种比较对你的决定没有帮助……”是为了解释说明边际思维。故选A。
技巧点拨
　　英语段落中的例子常常是用来解释说明或者证明某种观点或者现象。常见的标志词有take...for example、for example、for instance、like、such as、namely等。
7.C　推理判断题。最后一段指出,个人与公司可以通过边际思考做出更好的决定,当且仅当行动的边际收益超过边际成本时,理性决策者才会采取行动。由此可知,人们常常会权衡利弊,从而做出更优的选择。所以作者对边际思维持赞成的态度,而A项中的“unnecessary”、B项中的“makes little sense”和D项中的“controversial”与之相悖。故选C。
8.A　主旨大意题。
Para. 1 引出“边际变化”的概念。
Para. 2 举例解释边际思维在决策中的使用。
Para. 3 边际思维对个人和公司决策的意义。
从各段落的主旨来看,本文围绕边际思维展开,主要介绍了边际思维的作用,A项“边际思维导致更好的决策”与此相符,适合作为文章标题。
Ⅱ.七选五
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了记笔记很重要,并提供了一些相关的技巧。
①通读全文,把握文章大意和文章结构
文章大意:记笔记的方法
文章结构:总—分
②通读选项,了解各选项的中心点,画出关键词
A.Note details at the top of your paper.(记细节)
B.Notes can help you finish projects properly and pass tests.(帮助;通过测试)
C.Write down key facts, ideas, and details in your own words.(用自己的话)
D.Summarize what you've written on the page in 2-4 sentences.(总结)
E.Think about the text you're reading or the lecture you're listening to.(思考)
F.For example, “SM” for “scientific method”, or “GH” for “gender history”.(缩写)
G.Having extra room allows you to make additional notes that you may not understand.(额外空间)
③把选项一一代入文章空处,寻找每个题最适合的选项
1.B　细节句。根据空前句可知,良好的笔记记录对学术和职业成功都非常重要。设空处后为However,表示转折,所以设空处应为上文内容的延续,继续讲记笔记很重要的相关内容,B项提到的“帮助”和“通过测试”符合语境。
2.A　主旨句。设空处为段首句,概括本段的主要内容。根据下文中的“writing important details” “at the top of each page” “Noting details”等关键词可知,A项“在你的纸张顶部记录细节。”是对下文的概述,符合语境。
3.C　细节句。根据下文内容“Avoid noting anything in the text verbatim, or word for word, unless it is a phrase or quote you may later use.(避免逐字记录文本中的任何内容,除非它是你以后可能使用的成语或引语。)”可知,作者建议我们在做笔记的时候不要逐字记录。结合各选项的中心点可知,C项“用你自己的话写下关键的事实、想法和细节。”与下文内容一致,指的都是用自己的话写下关键事实等,而不是逐字记录。
4.F　细节句。空前句提到记笔记的时候要使用自己的缩写方式。结合各选项的中心点可知,F项“例如,‘SM’ 代表‘科学方法’,‘GH’代表‘性别史’。”正是对上文内容的具体阐述,列举了两个缩写的例子“SM”和“GH”。
5.G　根据空前句可知,在记笔记的时候,可以在每行之间留出空间。G项“有额外的空间可以让你做额外的你可能不理解的笔记。”是上文内容的延续,指出留出来的空间可以用来做额外的笔记。
熟词生义
note 熟义:n.笔记;便条;短信　生义:v.注意;记录;指出
Ⅲ.完形填空
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者毕业后找了一份工作,但是并不快乐,所以作者辞职了,后来找到了一份全职工作,照顾有特殊需要的孩子,并开始了兼职写作生涯,从此找到了快乐,作者觉得快乐的关键很可能是做自己喜欢做的事。
1.B　根据下文“repetitive work I wasn't 　6　 in”可知,作者没有找到自己感兴趣的工作。所以,作者从自身经历出发,认为很多毕业生无法得到自己想要的工作(job)。honor荣誉;qualification资格;reward奖励。
2.A　根据下文“for a well-paid job with good potential”可知,作者毕业后要去找好工作,所以心情是急切的。eagerly急切地;secretly秘密地;discouragedly沮丧地;unwillingly不情愿地。
归纳总结
　　单词discouragedly使用了一个前缀dis-和两个后缀-ed和-ly。dis-表示否定, 如disadvantage、disagree; -ed为形容词后缀, 如satisfied、surprised;-ly为副词后缀,如beautifully、carefully。
3.C　根据下文“to expand my professional experience and figure out what I was supposed to do with my life”可知,作者希望工作是扩展自己的专业经验和弄清楚自己这辈子应该做什么的机会(opportunity)。wish希望;experiment实验;right权利。
4.C　根据下文“Before I knew it, I was swept into the entry-level job world...”可知,(工作后)作者进入了入门级工作的世界,这与之前的期待是不同的,所以作者觉得自己错了(incorrect)。realistic现实的;responsible负责任的;sensitive敏感的。
5.D　根据下文“service calls from rude customers”可知,作者的工作应该是客服,所以要长时间面对电脑屏幕(screen),接听粗鲁的客户的电话。picture图片;mirror镜子;house房子。
6.D　根据上文“Before I knew it, I was swept into the entry-level job world”可知,作者觉得自己被卷入了入门级工作的世界,所以他对这个工作不是很感兴趣。此外,前面的“long hours”“rude customers”“repetitive work”等词汇也说明作者对该工作不满意。be engaged in忙于;be stuck in被卡在……里,被困于;be experienced in在……方面有经验;be interested in对……感兴趣。
7.B　根据上文“a job”和下文“me to use my enthusiasm”可知,作者觉得应该从事一份可以让自己发挥热情的工作,空格处是“允许”的意思。force迫使;allow允许;remind提醒;convince使信服。
8.B　此处it指代上文的enthusiasm。根据上题可知,作者想要发挥自己的热情,而不是忽视(ignore)热情。appreciate欣赏;share分享;tolerate忍受。
9.A　根据上一句可知,作者想要发挥自己的热情,而不是忽视热情,所以作者觉得这不是自己当初想要的。sign up for意为“报名参加;和……签约”,符合语境。 turn away拒绝;stand out突出;come back回来。
10.A　根据上文“This was not at all what I had 　9　 for.”可知,作者觉得这不是自己想要的,所以决定辞职。notice辞职信;offer主动提议;suggestion建议;conclusion结论。
11.C　根据下文“moved back to my college town”可知,作者再次收拾行李(packed),搬回了大学城。hesitate犹豫;escape逃跑;graduate毕业。
12.D　上文讲到,作者找到了一份全职工作——照顾有特殊需要的孩子。根据下文的“writing”可知,作者开始了兼职写作(writing)生涯。educate教育;market营销;draw绘画。
13.B　根据下文“and easy”可知,作者认为有特殊需要的孩子是最棒的,而且写作很顺利(smooth),也很容易。这与前文第一份工作的不顺心形成对比。cheap便宜的;original原先的;identical完全相同的。
14.C　根据下文“bring back your joy”可知,快乐(happiness)的关键很可能是做你喜欢做的事。wealth财富;friendship友谊;teamwork协同工作。
15.A　根据上文作者选择辞职再找工作的经历和下文“to bring back your joy”可知,此处表示“你所需要的只是一个自发的人生决定(decision),让你找回快乐”。review评论;challenge挑战;style风格。
熟词生义
notice熟义:n.注意;通知 v.注意;留意　生义:n.辞职信