第2单元 做人与做事 限时训练1【突破验收卷】高三英语一轮话题复习（答案解析案）

第2单元　做人与做事
限时训练1　介词、冠词和数词
限时55分钟
考点　巩固练
考点1　介词
1.There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed 　　　　　 hand rather than rolled.(2023新课标Ⅰ)
2.And who do they speak English 　　　　　 (2023新课标Ⅱ)
3.From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 　　　　　 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads.(2023全国乙)
4.Thanks to Beijing's long history 　　　　　 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events.(2023浙江1月)
5.Giant pandas also serve 　　　　　 an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. (2022新高考Ⅰ)
6.May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 　　　　　 the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. (2022全国乙)
7.It was built originally to protect the city 　　　　　 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). (2021全国甲)
8.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 　　　　　 the late 1980s. (2021全国乙)
9.The Torch Festival of the Yi People was listed 　　　　　a national intangible cultural heritage in 2011.
10.April 1st marks the beginning of spring, lasting 65 days to end up 　　　　　 a rise in temperature in June.
11.Ningyang County in Shandong produces especially desired bugs, the sale of which brings 　　　　　 about 600 million yuan in revenue a year.
12.The Black Tiger Spring originates 　　　　　 a 3-meter-deep, 1.7-meter-wide natural cave.
考点2　冠词
不定冠词
13.　　　　　 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. (2022全国甲)
14.While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 　　　　　 must to visit! (2021新高考Ⅰ)
15.Start of Autumn reflects the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. Although autumn just begins, hot weather will not come to 　　　　　 end.
16.Wu Qin Xi is 　　　　　 set of Daoyin and Tu Na exercise that imitates(模仿) the actions of animals based on the habits of the tiger, deer, bear, monkey and bird.
17.Stall holders (小摊贩) at 　　　　　 bustling night market in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province, now have one less thing to worry about after the local trade union federation helped establish a child care center.
18.As 　　　　　 teenager, she joined the visiting missions of China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries, and played pipa in many countries.
19.There were a great variety of lamps in ancient China. The Changxin Palace Lamp is 　　　　　 invaluable treasure, which is considered as “the first lamp of China”.
20.The meat should be fresh with 　　　　　 touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.(2023新课标Ⅰ)
定冠词
21.Not the pandas, even though 　　　　　 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.(2023新课标Ⅱ)
22.In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 　　　　　 culture of grassroots Beijingers.(2023浙江1月)
23.　　　　　 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.(2022新高考Ⅱ)
24.May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially by the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 　　　　　 festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. (2022全国乙)
25.Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 　　　　　 time, they agreed.(2022浙江1月)
26.It took us about 3 hours to go all 　　　　　 way around the Xi'an City Wall. (2021全国甲)
27.Due to 　　　　　 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. (2021全国乙)
28.　　　　　 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.(2021浙江)
29.The plum trees are 　　　　　 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). (2020全国Ⅱ)
30.Li Zhanyang, who led 　　　　　 study, has contributed to other archeological findings in Lingjing, including various ancient tools and two skulls belonging to an extinct species of early humans.
考点3　数词
31.Two　　　　　 (three) of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents.
32.This is the　　　　　 (nineteen) boy I've met this week that likes skating.
33.　　　　　 (million) of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.
34.When the explorers　　　　　 (one) set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.
35.If it is not turned in by the　　　　　 (two) day after the due date, it will earn a zero.
36.Students will work in groups to complete　　　　　 (fourth) assignments (作业) during the course.
综合　强化练
单句语法填空
1.Then, with 　　　　　 rise of science, changes began.(2020浙江7月)
2.I can remember my mother's birthday. It's on July the　　　　　(twelve).
3.The practices of greeting guests with tea are shared among multiple ethnic groups. They provide 　　　　　 sense of identity and continuity for communities, groups and individuals concerned.
4.Bamboo plants are associated 　　　　　 health, abundance and a happy home. (2020全国Ⅱ)
5.When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was 　　　　　 joke. (2019全国Ⅱ)
6.Fang Jifan, the fifth-generation tea farmer, says, “It's 　　　　　 signature of our home.”
7.Everybody wears 　　　　　 same style of clothes.(2019浙江)
8.In his　　　　　(thirty), he was quite thin and pale and he had red bushy hair.
9.In 1844 they bought it 　　　　　 $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842.(2021浙江)
10.The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 　　　　　 2.1 in women and men.(2021浙江1月)
11.The Song and Yuan dynasties saw 　　　　　 peak in the development of Chinese culture, and this coincided with the golden age of ancient books in China.
12.In the first episode, Wu, one director of Fine Arts Experimental Art School shares his creation procedure of The Heaven of Nine Levels, 　　　　　 hand-carved piece inspired by Shan Hai Jing.
13.In the Hujiayuan community in Beijing, an old building that housed a boiler to heat apartments has been transformed to provide facilities, including a medical center for　　　　　 elderly and a fitness center.
14.Of 　　　　　 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. (2019全国Ⅰ)
15.However, in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one 　　　　　 (three) of the total area, providing housing for half of the population.
16.While riding his bike home 　　　　　 a cold night,he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself.(2021北京)
17.The opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games was a feast for the senses,　　　　　 amazing visuals, innovative performances, and the respect for the history and culture of Asia.
18.The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 　　　　　 earth, Mother Nature. (2020全国Ⅲ)
19.Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 　　　　　, through agriculture.(2020浙江7月)
20.Museums must compete 　　　　　 people's spare time and money with other amusements. (2020新高考Ⅰ)
素养　提升练
语法填空
A
　　The once-isolated village of Xiazhuang, 1.　　　　　 (locate) in the mountainous Wushan County of Chongqing today attracts a steady stream of visitors 2.　　　　　 are keen to take in the area's breathtaking natural beauty and sample the local specialties.
The village's 3.　　　　　 (transform) began in 1997, when residents rallied (集合)under the leadership of Mao Xianglin, party secretary of Xiazhuang, 4.　　　　　 (build) an 8-kilometer road 5.　　　　　 (pass) the surrounding sheer cliffs that made access to the outside world extremely difficult.
The project took seven years and six people died while building the road, but 6.　　　　　 its completion a new world of possibilities opened up.
The village didn't waste 7.　　　　　(it)newfound access and built more infrastructure to make life 8.　　　　　 (easy) for residents and attract curious visitors from outside.
In 2021, the village achieved 9.　　　　　 significant milestone, generating 1 million yuan in revenue from citrus sales. Mao Xianglin is proud of the change. He said that it was his dream to lift his community out of poverty and pave the way for prosperity, and now that dream 10.　　　　　 (become) a reality.
B
　　8-year-old Idaho Dillon Helbig dreamed of putting his book in the library. The second-grader, who had worked 11.　　　　　 (dedicated) on his 81-page unpublished book for days, made a secret plan to get his work onto one of the 12.　　　　　 (shelf) of a local library.
Then, he made a 13.　　　　　 (decide) to take action. He walked secretly past the librarians and put his back against the shelf while 14.　　　　　 (slip) his book into other books. Dillon visited the library days later to check on the sole copy of his book, finding it was no longer where he 15.　　　　　 (place) it. The librarian explained they were impressed with his book and were adding it to their official catalogue. “Dillon's book fits all the criteria,” insisted branch manager Alex Hartman, 16.　　　　　, with Dillon's permission, later processed the book and made it 17.　　　　　 (access) to anybody with a library card.
“We're proud of him. We see him writing books, and he keeps himself busy 18.　　　　　 hours and even days on end. It was awesome to see he had the courage to put this one on the shelf,” said Dillon's mom. It has become a book 19.　　　　　 (seek) by many readers, with many people on 20.　　　　　 waiting list for the book.
答案全解全析
限时训练1　介词、冠词和数词
考点巩固练
考点1介词
1.by　考查介词。句意:在那里,你会发现它们的制作方式不同——皮更厚,汤更少,包子皮是用手压的,而不是擀出来的。by hand意为“用手”,是固定搭配,故填by。
2.with/to　考查介词。句意:他们和谁说英语 speak with/to sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with/to。
3.to　考查介词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿,它拥有三千多年的辉煌历史,即使是在它的布局上,因为这座城市保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知,空处和上文一样,表示“从……到……”,应用介词to。故填to。
4.as　考查介词。句意:由于北京作为中国首都的悠久历史,几乎每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知,空格处意为“作为”,故填as。
5.as　考查介词。句意:大熊猫还扮演着伞护种的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语serve as 意为“充当”。故填as。
6.by　考查介词。句意:2019年11月27日,联合国正式将5月21日命名为国际茶日,今年的5月21日是第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知,此处表示“被联合国在11月27日正式命名”,表示被动,使用“be+过去分词+by”结构。故填by。
7.in/during　考查介词。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的这个城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知,表示“在某个朝代”可用介词in/during。故填in/during。
8.until　考查介词。句意:直到20世纪80年代晚期它才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not...until...”。故填until。
9.as　考查介词。句意:彝族的火把节在2011年被列为国家非物质文化遗产。be listed as为固定搭配,意为“被列为”,故填as。
10.with　考查介词。句意:4月1日标志着春天的开始,持续65天,直到6月气温上升。end up with表示“以……结束”,符合句意。故填with。
11.in　考查介词。句意:山东宁阳县出产的昆虫特别受欢迎,每年的销售额约为6亿元。bring in意为“赚得”。故填in。
12.from/in　考查介词。句意:黑虎泉起源于一个3米深,1.7米宽的天然洞穴。originate from/in意为“起源于”。故填from/in。
考点2冠词
不定冠词
13.A　考查冠词。句意:他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知,此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,应用不定冠词,friend以辅音音素开头,应用a,空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填A。
易错分析
　　该题容易误答成the,错误的原因是受of his的影响,误认为表特指。结合该句语境可知,该处泛指他的“一个”朋友,而非特指。
14.a　考查冠词。句意:你在中国的时候,一定要去黄山!此处泛指一个必不可少的东西,所以用不定冠词,故填a。
易错分析
　　该题中must为名词,意为“必不可少的东西”,而不是情态动词。考生可能会因不知道该词的名词词义而错答。
15.an　考查冠词。句意:立秋反映了夏天的结束和秋天的开始。虽然秋天刚刚开始,但炎热的天气不会结束。come to an end意为“结束”,符合句意。故填an。
16.a　考查冠词。句意:五禽戏是根据虎、鹿、熊、猿、鸟的习惯,模仿动物动作的一套导引和吐纳练习。a set of意为“一套”,为固定搭配。故填a。
17.a　考查冠词。句意:在浙江省东阳市一个熙熙攘攘的夜市上,小摊贩们现在少了一件担心的事情,因为当地联合工会帮助建立了一个托儿中心。空处应用不定冠词表示泛指,且空后词“bustling”的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
18.a　考查冠词。句意:十几岁时,她参加了中国外交部和中国人民对外友好协会的访问团,并在许多国家演奏琵琶。teenager (青少年)为单数可数名词,这里表示泛指,且以辅音音素开头,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
19.an　考查冠词。句意:中国古代有各种各样的灯。长信宫灯是一件无价之宝,被认为是“中华第一灯”。此处treasure为可数名词,invaluable 前应用不定冠词an。
归纳总结
　　在高考试题中,不定冠词常以语法填空的形式进行考查,主要考查根据语境判断用不定冠词以及结合固定短语考查不定冠词。这需要考生熟练掌握不定冠词的基本用法,多积累一些不定冠词的固定搭配。此外,还应特别注意不定冠词a和an的用法区别,关注单词的发音以何种音素开头。
20.a　考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点甜味,包裹肉馅的汤汁是热的、清澈的、美味的。a touch of意为 “一点;少许”。故填a。
定冠词
21.the　考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知,此处特指医学训练指导使用的语言,应用定冠词。故填the。
22.the　考查冠词。句意:与紫禁城、颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比,胡同反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知,此处culture表示特指概念,应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
23.The　考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构可知,设空处要填写冠词,与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。此处特指布朗一家,the符合语境。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。
24.the　考查冠词。句意:今年5月21日是首个国际茶日,它由联合国于2019年11月27日正式命名。为了庆祝这一节日,周四在北京晋商博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日,所以用定冠词the。故填the。
25.the　考查冠词。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb开始询问邀请她发言的会议组织者是否可以远程进行。大约有四分之三的时候,他们同意了。此处表示特指,故填the。
26.the　考查冠词。句意:我们一路环绕西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意可知,这里表示“一路上”,应用短语all the way,故填the。
27.the　考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在正被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后的“growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel”可知,此处表特指。故填the。
28.The　考查冠词。句意:林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层,以满足他们日益增大的家庭的需要。根据空后的Lincolns可知,此处考查“the+姓氏复数”,表示夫妇俩或者一家人。设空处位于句首,所以首字母要大写。故填The。
29.the　考查冠词。句意:李子树是第一个开花的,即使雪还在融化。the first to do sth.表示“第一个去做某事的”,所以first前要加定冠词the。故填the。
归纳总结
　　在高考试题中,定冠词常以语法填空的形式进行考查。考查方向为:根据语境判断用定冠词;结合固定搭配考查定冠词,如“倍数+the+量词+of+名词”“the+形容词”“the+序数词”等。这需要考生熟练掌握定冠词的基本用法,在实际做题时还应结合上下文语境判断是否使用定冠词 the。
30.the　考查冠词。句意:该研究的负责人李占扬也为灵井的其他考古发现做出了贡献,包括各种古代工具和两个属于一个已经灭绝的早期人类物种的头骨。句中study为可数名词,意为“研究”,此处表示特指。故填the。
考点3数词
31.thirds　考查分数表达法。句意:居住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。成千上万的孩子失去了父母。根据句意可知,Two 　　　　　 (three)表达“三分之二”之意,在英语中,表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,且分子大于一时,分母序数词要加s,所以“三分之二”应为two thirds。故填thirds。
32.nineteenth　考查序数词。句意:这是我这周见过的第十九个喜欢滑冰的男孩。结合句意,设空处应填序数词表顺序,nineteen对应的序数词是nineteenth。故填nineteenth。
33.Millions　考查数词。句意:数百万的水禽被市场猎人和少数野心勃勃的户外运动爱好者杀死。millions of意为“数百万的”。设空处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Millions。
34.first　考查序数词。句意:当探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时,天上和地上到处都是种类多得惊人的野生生物,充满了生气。设空处表示“第一次”,应用序数词。one的序数词为first。故填first。
35.second　考查序数词。句意:如果在截止日期后的第二天还没有交,就会得零分。此处表示“第二天”,用序数词。two的序数词为second。故填second。
36.four　考查数词。句意:在课程中,学生将分组完成四项作业。此处表示“四项作业”,应该使用基数词。fourth为序数词,意为“第四”,基数词为four。故填four。
综合强化练
1.the　考查冠词。句意:然后,随着科学的兴起,事情发生了变化。with the rise of 意为“随着……的兴起”。故填the。
2.twelfth　考查序数词。句意:我能记得我妈妈的生日,是在7月12日。英语表示日期可用“月份+the+序数词”,此处表示“第12日”,应用序数词twelfth。
3.a　考查冠词。句意:用茶迎客的做法在多个民族中都有。它们为有关社区、群体和个人提供了一种认同感和连续性。表示“……感觉”为短语a sense of。故填a。
4.with　考查介词。句意:竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with意为“与……相联系”。故填with。
5.a　考查冠词。句意:当我们接到一个电话说她入围时,我们以为这是个玩笑。joke为泛指,且发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
6.a　考查冠词。signature意为“标志,特征”,为单数名词,这里表示“这是我们家的标志”,为泛指概念,且signature的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
7.the　考查冠词。句意:每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词,意思是“相同的”,常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。
8.thirties　考查数词。句意:在他三十多岁的时候,他很瘦,脸色苍白,有一头浓密的红色头发。表示“在某人几十多岁的时候”用短语“in one's+整十的基数词的复数形式”。故填thirties。
9.for　考查介词。句意:1844年,他们以一千二百美元的价格从查尔斯·德雷泽手中买下了它和一些土地,查尔斯·德雷泽在1842年为他们举办了婚礼。“buy sth. for+价格”意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。
10.by　考查介词。句意:该研究发现,1985年至2017年间,农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”;increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值(18.5—23.9)可知,increase by符合语境,故填by。
11.a　考查冠词。句意:宋元时期是中国文化发展的一个巅峰时期,与此同时,也是中国古籍的黄金时期。结合句意和常识可知,空处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且peak的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
12.a　考查冠词。句意:在第一集节目中,美术实验艺术学院院长邬老师分享了他受《山海经》启发而创作的手工雕刻作品《九重天》的创作过程。分析句子结构可知,此空所在的名词短语为同位语,解释空前的名词The Heaven of Nine Levels,空后为可数名词单数,结合句意可知,此处表泛指,且空后单词的第一个音节为辅音。故填a。
13.the　考查冠词。句意:在北京的胡家园社区,一栋装有锅炉来加热公寓的旧建筑已经被改造以提供场所,包括一个为老人提供的医疗中心和一个健身中心。此处考查“the+形容词”的用法,表示一类人,the elderly意为“老年人”。故填the。
14.the　考查冠词。句意:在十九个被公认的北极熊亚种群中,三个在退化,六个稳定,一个在增加,九个缺乏足够的数据。此处为特指,故填the。
15.third　考查序数词。句意:然而,在北京市区,沿胡同的房屋仍然占据了总面积的三分之一,为一半的人口提供了住房。此处表示“三分之一”,分数的构成应是分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于一,分母用复数。故填third。
16.on　考查介词。句意:在一个寒冷的夜晚,当他骑着自行车回家时,他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人,她独自在街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“在具体的某一天的早上、中午、晚上”等用介词on。故填on。
17.with　考查介词。句意:第19届亚运会的开幕式是一场感官盛宴,有令人惊叹的视觉效果,创新的表演,以及对亚洲历史和文化的尊重。分析句子结构可知,此处应为介词,与空后的名词构成介词短语,对开幕式的特点进行说明,表示“具有”。故填with。
18.on　考查介词。句意:这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然折服。“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。
19.in　考查介词。句意:公元前10000年以后,人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知,“they lived 　　　　　”是定语从句,先行词在从句中作宾语,即They lived in the world。故填in。
20.for　考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语compete for,意为 “为了……而竞争”。故填for。
素养提升练
A
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了重庆巫山县的下庄村在党支部书记毛相林的带领下,建成了一条便于出行的公路,从而改善了当地的经济情况。
1.located　考查过去分词。句意:位于多山的重庆巫山县的下庄村曾经与世隔绝,如今它却吸引了源源不断的游客,他们热衷于欣赏该地区令人叹为观止的自然美景,品尝当地特产。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰village of Xiazhuang,be located in意为“位于……”,此处应用过去分词形式。故填located。
2.who/that　考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处为关系代词引导的定语从句,先行词为visitors,引导词在从句中作主语。故填who或that。
3.transformation　考查名词。句意:该村的转型始于1997年,当时居民在下庄村党支部书记毛相林的领导下团结起来,修建了一条8公里长的公路,穿过周围陡峭的悬崖,该陡峭的悬崖使通往外部世界极其困难。由空前的名词所有格village's可知,此处为名词形式。故填transformation。
4.to build　考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,此处应用动词不定式表示目的,故填to build。
5.passing　考查现在分词。分析句子可知,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰road,road和pass为主动关系,所以用现在分词。故填passing。
6.upon/on　考查介词。分析句子可知,此处应填介词upon/on,表示“一……就……”。故填upon/on。
易错分析
　　该题容易错答成once,错误的原因是虽然知道该处表示时间,但忽视了名词completion。upon/on sth./doing sth.表示“一……就……”。
7.its　考查形容词性物主代词。根据空后的名词短语newfound access可知,这里应用形容词性物主代词its。
8.easier　考查形容词比较级。句意:村里没有浪费它的这条新通道,并且修建了更多的基础设施,让居民的生活更舒适,并吸引好奇的外部游客。根据句意以及该句中的more infrastructure可知,此处应用形容词比较级,和前面的more infrastructure形成呼应。故填easier。
9.a　考查冠词。句意:2021年,该村实现了一个重要的里程碑,从柑橘销售中获得了100万元的收入。根据句意以及空后significant milestone为单数名词可知,此处表示“一个重要的里程碑”,为泛指概念,significant的发音以辅音音素开头,所以填不定冠词a。
10.has become　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:他说,他的梦想是让他的社区摆脱贫困,为繁荣铺平道路,现在这个梦想已经成为现实。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,结合上下文语境可知,“梦想成为现实”为已经完成的动作,且对现在有一定的影响,所以此处应用现在完成时,dream为第三人称单数,故填has become。
B
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了8岁的爱达荷·狄龙·海尔比格梦想把他的书放进图书馆,他偷偷把书放到书架上,结果图书管理员对他的书印象深刻,正在把它添加到他们的官方目录中。
11.dedicatedly　考查副词。句意:这个二年级的学生已经为他的81页的未出版的书专心致志地投入了几天的精力,他制订了一个秘密计划:把他的作品放到当地图书馆的一个书架上。修饰动词worked应用副词dedicatedly,作状语。故填dedicatedly。
12.shelves　考查名词复数。shelf为可数名词,此处为“one of the+可数名词复数”结构。故填shelves。
13.decision　考查名词。句意:然后,他决定采取行动。作动词的宾语应用名词decision,且结合不定冠词可知,应用单数名词decision。故填decision。
14.slipping　考查现在分词。句意:他偷偷地走过图书管理员,背靠着书架,把他的书塞进其他书里。在while引导的状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,本句省略了he was。故填slipping。
15.had placed　考查时态。句意:几天后,狄龙去图书馆查看他那仅有的一本书时,发现它不在他放置它的地方了。从句表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。故填had placed。
16.who　考查定语从句。句意:分店经理亚历克斯·哈特曼坚持说:“狄龙的书符合所有的标准。”经过狄龙的允许,他后来处理了这本书,让所有持有借书证的人都可以借阅。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词branch manager Alex Hartman,在从句中作主语,指人,故填who。
17.accessible　考查形容词。此处为“make sth.+adj.”,表示“使……可使用”,应用形容词accessible作宾语补足语,故填accessible。
18.for　考查介词。句意:我们看到他在写书,他让自己连续几个小时甚至几天忙个不停。“for+一段时间”表示延续多长时间。故填for。
19.sought　考查过去分词。句意:它已经成为许多读者寻找的一本书,许多人都在等待这本书。分析句子结构可知,句子谓语动词是 has become,所以设空处应用非谓语动词,seek与其逻辑主语book构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填sought。
联想拓展
　　现在分词和过去分词都可以作名词的定语,但用法有别。现在分词表示主动的、正在进行的动作。
如:a sleeping baby=a baby who is sleeping 一个正在睡觉的婴儿。过去分词表示被动的、已经完成的动作,如a broken glass=a glass which was broken 一个打碎的杯子。
20.the　考查冠词。此处特指“等候者名单”,应用定冠词the。故填the。