第4单元 文学、艺术与体育 限时训练3【突破验收卷】高三英语一轮话题复习（答案解析案）

第4单元　文学、艺术与体育
限时训练3
限时50分钟
Ⅰ　阅读理解
A
　　The Door-to-Door Bookstore, whose author is Carsten Henn, translated from German by Melody Shaw, is an undoubtedly emotional, inspiring novel about friendships between generations developed through books.
Carl Kollhoff, a 72-year-old bookseller in southern Germany, is beloved by his customers for finding just the right books for them. But his role is threatened when a new boss is determined to push out the star employee.
One of the limited highlights of Carl's life is to deliver books every evening to a handful of shut-in customers. The selections are made by their stated preferences—for happy endings, tragedy, philosophical works and so on. Trouble happens when a pretty wise (and a little annoying) motherless 9-year-old girl tags along with him on his rounds. She decides Carl is not actually giving his customers what they really need, and comes up with a plan to correct this.
Like Carl's backpack, Henn manages to fill his novel with books without weighing it down. Chapter titles suggest that classics are involved:The Stranger, The Red and the Black, Great Expectations. Carl, who is terrible with names, assigns a literary character to each customer—Mr. Darcy, Mrs. Longstocking, The Reader—to help him keep them straight.
We gradually come to know these townsfolk: the abused wife, and the ambitious writer with the soothing voice who is paid to read classics to cigar factory workers.
The Door-to-Door Bookstore is also filled with amusing observations. Carl divides readers into hares (野兔), who race through books; fish, who allow books to carry them along on their currents; curious lapwings (凤头麦鸡), who jump ahead to see the ending first; and tortoises, who fall asleep each night after a single page and take months to get through a book, having to turn back repeatedly to check what they've forgotten.
Readers will have fun finding themselves in these pages.
1.Where is the text most probably taken from
A.A review of a book.　　　　B.An essay on literature classics.
C.An introduction to a bookstore.　　　　D.A biography of Carl Kollhoff.
2.What is the main idea of the novel
A.The takeover of a family business by a young girl.
B.The friendship between Carl and a 9-year-old girl.
C.Carl's struggle to find the right books for his customers.
D.The competition among different bookstores in Germany.
3.Why does the author of the passage mention some classics
A.To compare the book with them.　　　　B.To stress the importance of them.
C.To help readers understand the book.　　　　D.To show their popularity.
4.What does the author mean by saying “Readers will have fun finding themselves in these pages”
A.Readers will relate to the characters and situations in the novel.
B.Readers will find satisfaction in correctly guessing the endings of the books.
C.Readers will enjoy the different ways people read books.
D.Readers will be amused by the diverse personalities of the customers.
B
　　For teenagers, is a sense of comfort more commonly found in sports or arts And how might this relate to their reported depressive symptoms A new research published by the American Psychological Association suggests that teenagers participating in after-school art activities like music, drama, and painting are more likely to report depressive symptoms than their non-participating peers.
“This is not to say that depression is a necessary condition for either a teen or an adult to become an artist, nor are we showing that participating in the arts leads to mental illness,” said lead author Laura N. Young, MA of Boston College. “However, previous research has revealed higher rates of mental illness symptoms in adult artists. We were interested in whether this association is present earlier in development.”
Interestingly, teens who engaged exclusively in sports and didn't involve themselves in any other extracurricular activities were reported the least depressive symptoms. The researchers found no significant difference in depressive symptoms between teens involved in the arts who also did sports and those who didn't, suggesting that arts participation, rather than a lack of sports participation, was associated with depression.
The researchers used data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth collected from 2,482 students 15 to 16 years old. The survey asked teens about their frequency of participation in arts or sports activities after school, and their experience of various moods or problems related to depression.
One theory the researchers proposed for the seeming link between the arts and mental illness symptoms is that people attracted to the arts might possess certain cognitive (认知的) qualities, such as absorbing a higher level of information from their surroundings. This could lead to general unhappiness and depression, yet also enhance creativity and artistic expression. The authors suggested that personality traits linked to depression, like introversion (内向), might guide teens towards more individual activities like the arts.
“When positive behaviors such as being involved in the arts are associated with symptoms of mental illness, it's essential that we understand why,” said Young. “Further research can address the question of whether possible psychological shortcomings can be transformed into benefits through the practice of the arts.”
5.What can we learn from the research findings
A.Art activities directly lead to teen mental illness.
B.Art participation can be related to teen depression.
C.Sports are likely to increase depression rates in teens.
D.Being depressed is necessary to become an artist later.
6.Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word “exclusively” in Paragraph 3
A.Only.　　　　B.Rarely.
C.Regularly.　　　　D.Diversely.
7.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A.The overall framework of the research project.
B.The direct cause of the observed phenomenon.
C.The theoretical basis of the possible connection.
D.The methods applied to conducting the research.
8.According to Young, what should follow-up researches focus on
A.How to reduce depressive symptoms through sports.
B.How to identify the positive impacts of the association.
C.How to prove the link between creativity and depression.
D.How to turn potential mental weaknesses into strengths.
Ⅱ　七选五
　　Rock climbing is the kind of sport you either love or you're simply not interested in. For those who love it, there is great personal satisfaction.1.　　　 It is a physical workout that requires strength, coordination, and perseverance. Regular climbing (2 or more times per week) can improve cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, and flexibility. Mentally, you must confront (正视) your fears both of injuries and of heights and make good decisions because your life depends upon it.
2.　　　 You must be in good health and above average physical condition to go rock climbing, more so if you do this outdoors. You need to be flexible and agile (敏捷的), since climbing skills involve stretching, bending, and precise body positioning. And you must have the strength to hold yourself up by your arms and hands or even just your fingers.
You don't have to climb Mount Qomolangma to enjoy the sport of rock climbing. 3.　　　 Some of these include traditional climbing, free solo climbing, ice climbing and indoor climbing.
If you think you may be interested in rock climbing, start by reading books or rock climbing publications. 4.　　　 Others have essays written by climbers that can give you a feel for this sport. Publications are good sources of gear advice and reviews, techniques and training tips, and rock climbing destinations.
If you're passionate about rock climbing, you'll want to find others who share your love of this sport. Ask about groups or clubs at a local rock climbing gym or search the Internet. 5.　　
A.There are many options.
B.Rock climbing isn't for everyone.
C.Rock climbing has gained popularity in recent years.
D.Rock climbing involves both physical and mental challenges.
E.The more you learn, the more you'll want to know and share!
F.Most of all, you need time and commitment to learn the skills.
G.There are many books available that outline the basics of rock climbing.
Ⅲ　读后续写
　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　It was the Annual Inter-school Sports Meet at the National Stadium. I sat down next to my principal, Mr Tan, in the preparation room as he gave me some words of encouragement. I was taking part in the 100-metre race.
“Just one more gold medal from the last event, Tyson! You can do it! Nila Primary School will win the Champion School Cup!” Mr Tan encouraged me before he left the room. Just then, I saw Robert, the best runner from Sunshine Primary School, walking towards me. Suddenly, he grabbed my T-shirt and pulled me towards him. I could smell his terrible breath. “You are nothing! You will never beat me!” Robert said, trying to make me angry.
I pushed him away and shouted at him. “The same to you! I'm not frightened by your threats!” I replied with a fearless glare. Hearing this, Robert walked away, speechless. Soon, we heard an announcement to gather at the starting line. As I looked up and heard the deafening cheer from the sea of spectators (观众), I was awed. The atmosphere was exciting!
“On your mark. Get set!” The judge announced. There was dead silence in the air. Suddenly, I heard the firing of the starter's gun and I burst forth. Robert and I were neck and neck until I spotted a frog leaping towards us. Robert screamed and ran into my lane suddenly. Unfortunately, we tripped over each other and landed hard on the tracks. There was a loud gasp from the spectators' stand. Other competitors rushed by and none stopped to help us. Sportsmanship arose from my heart suddenly. I got up and helped Robert to his feet. He could not run so I put his right arm over my shoulders to support him and we walked slowly past the finish line. The crowd cheered. The moment we crossed the line, Robert thanked me and sat down heavily to the ground. I later knew that he had suffered an ankle injury.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
After the race, I slowly went to my team, realizing I had destroyed the hope of bringing honour to my school.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　The awards ceremony took place two days later.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案全解全析
限时训练3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇解读　本文是一篇书评,对The Door-to-Door Bookstore这本书进行了介绍和评价。
1.A　推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了The Door-to-Door Bookstore这本书,包括其作者、主要内容和对这本书的评价,属于书评。故选A。
2.B　主旨大意题。根据第一段所提到的“is an undoubtedly emotional, inspiring novel about friendships between generations developed through books”以及第三段提到的“Trouble happens when a pretty wise (and a little annoying) motherless 9-year-old girl tags along with him on his rounds.”可知,这本书讲述的是Carl和一个九岁女孩的友谊的故事。故选B。
3.C　推理判断题。
根据题干中的关键词classics定位到第四段。
通读全段可知该段首句“Like Carl's backpack, Henn manages to fill his novel with books without weighing it down.(就像Carl的背包一样,Henn设法在不使小说沉重的情况下用书填满他的小说。)”是本段的主题句,由此可知作者在这部和书有关的小说中谈及了多部其他小说,提到这些经典作品是在提供与这本书有关的进一步的细节信息,从而让读者更加了解这本书。故选C。
4.A　细节理解题。根据第六段提到的Carl根据不同的读者读书的特点进行分类可知,“Readers will have fun finding themselves in these pages.(读者会开心地发现书中有自己的影子。)”指的是读这本书的人会找到与自己匹配的类型。故选A(读者会了解小说中的人物和情节)。
熟词生义
1.round 熟义:prep.在……周围　生义:n.照例要出去做的一系列事情　2.decide 熟义:v.决定　生义:v.断定　3.current 熟义:adj.当前的;现在的　生义:n.思潮
难句分析
原句　The Door-to-Door Bookstore, whose author is Carsten Henn, translated from German by Melody Shaw, is an undoubtedly emotional, inspiring novel about friendships between generations developed through books.
分析　这是一个主从复合句。主句是主系表结构。主句主语是“The Door-to-Door Bookstore”,该主语后面跟了两个修饰成分,分别是whose引导的非限制性定语从句“whose author is Carsten Henn”和过去分词短语“translated from...”。“an undoubtedly emotional, inspiring novel”是主句的表语,“about friendships”是介词短语作后置定语修饰表语novel,而friendships后面又跟了两个修饰成分,分别是介词短语“between generations”和过去分词短语“developed through books”。
译文　The Door-to-Door Bookstore的作者是Carsten Henn,由Melody Shaw从德语翻译过来,这无疑是一部情感丰富、鼓舞人心的小说,讲述了几代人通过书建立起来的友谊。
B
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。美国心理协会发表的一项新研究表明,参加课外艺术活动(如音乐、戏剧和绘画)的青少年比不参加的同龄人更容易出现抑郁症状。文章对此进行了介绍。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“A new research...suggests that teenagers participating in after-school art activities like music, drama, and painting are more likely to report depressive symptoms than their non-participating peers.”和第三段中的“The researchers found...suggesting that arts participation...was associated with depression.”可知,研究发现参加课外艺术活动的青少年比不参加的青少年更容易产生抑郁症状,由此可知艺术参与可能与青少年抑郁有关。故选B。
6.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“and didn't involve themselves in any other extracurricular activities(没有参加任何其他课外活动)”可知,此处是指只参与体育活动,engage in意为“参加,参与”,由此推测画线词表示“仅仅,只”。only仅仅;rarely很少;regularly经常;diversely不同地,各种各样地。故选A。exclusively意为“仅仅;排他地”。
7.C　主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句“One theory the researchers proposed for the seeming link between the arts and mental illness symptoms is that...from their surroundings.”和最后一句“The authors suggested that personality traits linked to depression...might guide teens towards more individual activities like the arts.”可知,第五段主要是讲可能存在联系的理论基础。故选C。
8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Further research can address the question of whether possible psychological shortcomings can be transformed into benefits through the practice of the arts.”可知,后续研究应该关注如何将潜在的心理弱点转化为优势。故选D。
熟词生义
1.guide 熟义:v.指导 n.导游　生义:v.影响
2.address 熟义:n.地址　生义:v.设法解决;处理
难句分析
原句　One theory the researchers proposed for the seeming link between the arts and mental illness symptoms is that people attracted to the arts might possess certain cognitive qualities, such as absorbing a higher level of information from their surroundings.
分析　这是一个主从复合句。主句是主系表结构,主语的中心词是“One theory”,后面的“the researchers...symptoms” 是省略了关系词的定语从句,修饰主语。系动词is后面是that引导的表语从句;该从句谓语部分是“might possess”,谓语前面的“attracted to the arts”是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰从句主语people。
译文　对于艺术和精神疾病症状之间的表面联系,研究人员提出的一种理论是,被艺术吸引的人可能具有某种认知能力,比如从周围环境中获取更高水平的信息。
Ⅱ.七选五
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了攀岩这项运动,介绍了这项运动对攀岩者的要求及攀岩的各种形式等并给出了一些关于攀岩的建议。
1.D　细节句。根据下文“It is a physical workout that requires strength, coordination, and perseverance.”以及“Mentally, you must confront your fears both of injuries and of heights and make good decisions because your life depends upon it.”可知,攀岩是一项对体力和精神都要求很高的运动。D项“Rock climbing involves both physical and mental challenges.(攀岩包括身体和精神上的挑战)”符合语境。故选D。D项中的“physical and mental challenges”与下文中的“a physical workout that requires...”“Mentally, you must...”对应。
2.B　主旨句。根据下文“You must be in good health and above average physical condition to go rock climbing, more so if you do this outdoors. You need to be flexible and agile...And you must have the strength to hold yourself up...your fingers.”可知,攀岩需要健康的体魄,进行攀岩的人身体健康状况需要在正常水平以上,需要灵活敏捷,必须能用手臂和手甚至是手指支撑住自己的身体。由此可知本段介绍的是这项运动对攀岩者的要求。结合选项可知B项“Rock climbing isn't for everyone.(攀岩不一定适合每个人)”符合本段主旨。故选B。
3.A　过渡句。根据上文“You don't have to climb Mount Qomolangma to enjoy the sport of rock climbing.”以及下文“Some of these include traditional climbing, free solo climbing, ice climbing and indoor climbing.”可知,你不必为了享受攀岩而去爬珠穆朗玛峰,攀岩有很多种形式。结合选项可知A项“There are many options.(有很多选择)”符合语境,给出上文说的不必去爬珠穆朗玛峰的原因,下文给出的攀岩的各种形式正好顺承A项所说的“很多选择”,因此A项承上启下,故选A。
4.G　细节句。根据上文“If you think you may be interested in rock climbing, start by reading books or rock climbing publications.”可知,如果对攀岩感兴趣,可以先看看书。G项“There are many books available that outline the basics of rock climbing.(有很多书都介绍了攀岩的基本知识)”符合语境,顺承上文建议的先看书。故选G。G项中的“many books”与上文的“reading books or rock climbing publications”对应。
5.E　细节句。根据上文“If you're passionate about rock climbing, you'll want to find others who share your love of this sport. Ask about groups or clubs at a local rock climbing gym or search the Internet.”可知,如果你对攀岩充满热情,你会想要找有相同爱好的人一起分享。结合选项可知E项“The more you learn, the more you'll want to know and share!(你了解的东西越多,你想知道和分享的东西就越多!)”符合语境。E项中的share与上文的“find others who share your love of this sport”对应。故选E。
熟词生义
1.position 熟义:n.位置　生义:v.放置
2.feel 熟义:n.感觉 v.感到　生义:n.总体印象
Ⅲ.读后续写
写作指导
1.分析冲突点,预设故事结尾。
故事人物 Mr Tan, I and Robert
情节分析/ 冲突点分析 Mr Tan had hoped that I could win the medal of the last race event, so that my school would get the Champion School Cup. But the sudden appearance of a frog frightened Robert, a competitor who had angered me just before the race. Robert panicked and ran into my lane, which led to us tripping over each other and landing hard on the tracks. I helped Robert but failed to win the race.
预设结尾 The sportsmanship I showed in the race got recognition.
2.分析段首句,确定写作思路。
由续写第一段和第二段段首句确定第一段发展方向: 由第一段首句可知,“我”回到校长和队友身边;由第二段首句可知,颁奖仪式即将进行。由此推测第一段可写校长和队友对“我”的态度。 梳理情节 情节示例
校长和队友说了什么,做了什么,“我”的感受是怎样的。 “我”担心被责备,但校长和队友赞扬了“我”。
由第二段段首句和预设结尾确定第二段发展方向: 由第二段首句可知,颁奖仪式即将进行。由此推测第二段可描写颁奖仪式上发生的事。 梳理情节 情节示例
颁奖仪式上最初“我”的心态是怎样的 “我”获奖了吗 听到结果后同学们和Robert有怎样的反应 “我”的心情怎样 “我”的感悟是什么 最初“我”认为颁奖与“我”无关,听到自己获奖时“我”感到诧异和激动。最后是“我”的感悟:虽然输掉了比赛但收获了友谊。
One possible version:
　　After the race, I slowly went to my team　, realizing I had destroyed the hope of bringing honour to my school. However, I thought I had done the right thing. I saw Mr Tan was also there talking with my teammates. I was worried that they would be angry with me because I had let them down, but no one blamed me. Instead, they all tried to cheer me up. That was reassuring. When I approached Mr Tan, he patted me on the shoulder and said, “I am touched by your act of sportsmanship, Tyson! I support the decision you have made on the track!” Hearing that, I thanked Mr Tan sincerely.
The awards ceremony took place two days later. As I stood near the stage in the school hall, I knew I had nothing to do with the awards. To my surprise, I heard my name being read out by my principal, Mr Tan. “Today, we honour Tyson Goh as the recipient of Nila Sportsmanship Award!”Mr Tan announced. Was the Sportsmanship Award a newly-added one Excitedly, I accepted the award. At that moment, I spotted Robert, smiling at me. I realized that though I lost the race, I got a friend at last. And since then, Robert has become one of my best friends.
佳作亮点
1.重点词汇
①let sb. down 让某人失望
②blame v.责怪;指责
③cheer sb. up 使某人振奋;使某人高兴
④reassuring adj.令人感到宽慰的
⑤approach v.靠近
⑥have nothing to do with与……无关
⑦to one's surprise令某人吃惊的是
⑧honour v.给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)
2.精彩句式
①To my surprise, I heard my name being read out by my principal, Mr Tan. (现在分词的被动式作宾语补足语,表示“正在被……”;分词给人一种画面感) 令我吃惊的是,我听到校长Tan先生正在念我的名字。
②I realized that though I lost the race, I got a friend at last.(that引导宾语从句;“though I lost the race”是though引导的让步状语从句)我意识到虽然我输了比赛,但我最终得到了一个朋友。