第5单元 历史、社会与文化 限时训练3【突破验收卷】高三英语一轮话题复习（答案解析案）
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| 名称 | 第5单元 历史、社会与文化 限时训练3【突破验收卷】高三英语一轮话题复习（答案解析案） |  | |
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第5单元 历史、社会与文化
限时训练3
限时40分钟
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
Each morning at 6 o'clock, even on weekends, Kamaljeet Singh, 57, is up and out of the house. He starts by spending three hours helping distribute food to nearly two dozen drop-off locations across Delhi, India, and then checks on the many facilities run by the volunteer organization he leads with his brother, Premjit. The organization, Veerji Ka Dera, was founded in 1989 by their father, Trilokchan Singh.
Trilokchan and his helpers began supporting one of India's most underserved groups: the migrant workers who came to Delhi from rural areas. It started with a free breakfast, and eventually the group was also providing basic first aid for minor, often job-related, injuries. During this time, Trilokchan would begin his days as early as 4 o'clock in the morning, then go to his paid job 5 hours later, and end each day by volunteering in the evening.
After his death, Kamaljeet and Premjit, inspired by their father's lifetime of service, took over the organization. “We are continuing his legacy of helping the poorest of the poor,” says Premjit, 61. “Our aim is that no one goes hungry and uncared for in Delhi.”
Veerji Ka Dera now feeds about 2,500 daily wage workers and homeless people a day, in addition to providing basic medical care for as many as 500 people. The group operates a main building in West Delhi, several rented farms—growing crops such as wheat, mustard, millet and rice—an old people's home and clinics. It even operates an animal shelter housing a few hundred rescued cows and buffalo.
It's all made possible by the roughly 250 families who volunteer their time to cook, drive, nurse, farm and clean. Kamaljeet and his wife, Raminder, juggle their volunteer work with managing their security-camera installation (设备) company, and they get help from their son and daughter-in-law, too. His other adult children, who now live abroad, have volunteered in the past, as have Premjit's kids.
Despite the size and scope of the organization, the brothers claim it causes them no stress. Kamaljeet says spending time with his brother and the volunteers—especially young people—is “the best”.
1.What can we learn about Kamaljeet from Paragraph 1
A.He sets up Veerji Ka Dera.
B.He is fond of getting up early.
C.He routinely helps those in need.
D.He can have a rest on weekends.
2.What is the author's purpose in mentioning Trilokchan
A.To comment on his work.
B.To compare his work with his sons'.
C.To show his influence on his sons.
D.To describe his tough living conditions.
3.What does the underlined word “juggle” mean in Paragraph 5
A.Combine. B.Share.
C.Connect. D.Balance.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.A caring family. B.A worthy organization.
C.A mysterious tale. D.A meaningful experience.
B
Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later. Roman builders built thick concrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders constructed walls against foreign enemies.
A growing number of scientists have been studying materials since a long time ago. They are breaking apart pieces of buildings and reading historical texts hoping to learn how they have stood for thousands of years. The research has turned up a surprising list of materials that were mixed into old buildings. They include tree bark, volcanic ash, rice and beer. These unexpected materials can have the ability to get stronger over time. Figuring out how to copy these features can have real impacts today. While some of our modern concrete has the strength to hold up very tall buildings and heavy structures, it cannot compete with the durability of these ancient materials.
Many scientists have turned to the Romans. Starting around 200 BC, the Roman Empire was building concrete structures that have stood the test of time. Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures for ages, you will find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2,000 years ago. They think they have found an important reason why some Roman concrete has held up structures for thousands of years. That the ancient materials have an unusual power to restore themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they form is the most shocking for them. Exactly how is not yet clear, but scientists are starting to find the reasons.
Today's builders cannot just copy the ancient processes. Even though Roman concrete lasted a long time, it couldn't hold up heavy buildings. Instead, researchers are trying to take some of the ancient materials and add them into modern mixes. People don't need to make things last quite as long as the Romans did. If we add 50 or 100 years to concrete's lifespan, we'll surely require less pulling down, less maintenance and less material in the long run.
5.What were the mentioned Roman and Chinese buildings both used for
A.Travel. B.Defence.
C.Soldier training. D.Seawater control.
6.Which word can best describe the ancient buildings
A.Long-lasting. B.Energy-efficient.
C.Delicate. D.Flexible.
7.What surprises the scientists most about the ancient building materials
A.Their large cracks. B.Their clear concrete.
C.Their internal structures. D.Their self-repairing ability.
8.What is the author's attitude to the future concrete
A.Tolerant. B.Expectant.
C.Suspicious. D.Indifferent.
Ⅱ 完形填空
A nine-year-old boy named Orson recently hand-delivered a letter to Number Ten. He was 1 that the prime minister and the government do more to 2 children like him.
Orson was 3 with hearing loss as a baby. His parents were 4 that it would not 5 him back. Orson got Auditory Verbal therapy from a charity called Auditory Verbal UK. It helped him to learn to listen and speak.
Orson said, “Being 6 is part of who I am and it has never 7 me doing anything I want to.”
According to the Royal National Institute for the Deaf(RNID), there are around 12 million adults with hearing loss and at least 50,000 children who are deaf in the UK. Orson's mum, Avril, said, “Orson is 8 that deaf children can learn to speak as well as a hearing child and that hearing loss should not be a barrier to deaf children achieving their 9 .”
She added, “Only a small number of families have access to this 10 programme, which is why we are 11 Government investment.”
According to the charity Auditory Verbal UK, “Only 8% of deaf children under five in the UK can 12 an Auditory Verbal therapy programme.” Deaf Awareness Week this year is from 1 to 7 in May. Deaf Awareness Week 13 to bring to light the 14 that people who are deaf and those with hearing loss face. Orson and his family visited the capital to 15 deliver their letter ahead of Deaf Awareness Week.
1.A.approving B.arguing C.asking D.ordering
2.A.support B.understand C.protect D.satisfy
3.A.predicted B.examined C.suspected D.diagnosed
4.A.confused B.surprised C.determined D.devoted
5.A.bring B.hold C.take D.set
6.A.deaf B.painful C.abnormal D.blind
7.A.kept B.changed C.minded D.stopped
8.A.obstacle B.proof C.faith D.content
9.A.potential B.efforts C.recognition D.fame
10.A.far-reaching B.ever-changing C.life-changing D.problem-solving
11.A.calling for B.making use of C.getting hold of D.turning to
12.A.advocate B.assume C.conduct D.employ
13.A.promises B.urges C.aims D.responds
14.A.challenges B.pressure C.sympathy D.barriers
15.A.cautiously B.personally C.accidentally D.secretly
Ⅲ 书面表达
你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“My Favourite Traditional Chinese Food”为主题,写一篇演讲稿参赛,内容包括:
1.介绍该美食;
2.介绍喜欢的原因。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Hello, everyone!
Thank you.
答案全解全析
限时训练3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个志愿者组织Veerji Ka Dera,该组织服务于从农村地区来到德里的农民工。他们的目标是:在德里,没有人挨饿,没有人无人照顾。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Each morning at 6 o'clock, even on weekends, Kamaljeet Singh...helping distribute food to nearly two dozen drop-off locations across...the volunteer organization”可知,Kamaljeet每天都是这样忙着给困难人群分发食物,打理这个志愿者组织的事务,周末也是这样。故选C(他常规性地帮助那些处于困境中的人)。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“After his death, Kamaljeet and Premjit,inspired by their father's lifetime of service, took over the organization.”可知,作者提到这位父亲是为了讲述这兄弟俩是在父亲的影响下从事这个慈善事业的。故选C(为了体现他对他的儿子们的影响)。
3.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“their volunteer work(他们的志愿者工作)”和“managing their security-camera installation (设备) company(管理他们的安全摄像头设备公司)”可推测,他们同时做着志愿者和管理公司这两种工作。结合选项可知,画线词和balance(使平衡)意义相近,表示他们要平衡好机构的公益事业和自己的公司,兼顾两者。故选D。A.使结合;B.分享;C.使连接。
4.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了一个帮助困难人群的志愿者组织Veerji Ka Dera,介绍了它的发展历程、办公地点、参与人员、主要活动等。这个组织由Trilokchan Singh创立,他去世后由他的两个儿子接管。他们希望德里没有人挨饿,没有人无人照顾。因此本文主要介绍一个值得尊敬的志愿者组织。故选B。A.一个乐于助人的家庭;C.一个神秘的故事;D.一次有意义的经历。
易错分析
本题容易错选A项“一个乐于助人的家庭”。本文虽然提到了该家庭成员富有爱心,建立了公益组织,但是文中出现最多的关键词是organization,而且也介绍了该组织的一些情况,该组织中还有其他有爱心的家庭,A项不够全面,故不选A。
难句分析
原句 He starts by spending three hours helping distribute food to nearly two dozen drop-off locations across Delhi, India, and then checks on the many facilities run by the volunteer organization he leads with his brother, Premjit.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。主句是“He starts by...the volunteer organization”,“he leads...Premjit”是定语从句。主句中并列连词and连接了starts和checks两个谓语。主句中“run by the volunteer organization”是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰the many facilities。
译文 首先,他花了三个小时帮助向印度德里近二十四个物品存放处分发食物,然后检查他和他哥哥Premjit领导的志愿者组织运营的许多设施。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的古代建筑工人所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Roman builders built thick concrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders constructed walls against foreign enemies.”可知,罗马的建筑工人建造了厚厚的混凝土防波堤,玛雅的建筑工人创建了伟大的雕塑,中国的建筑工人建造了抵御外敌的城墙。因此,罗马和中国的建筑都是用来起到防御作用的。故选B(防御,保护)。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later.”、第二段中的“They are...hoping to learn how they have stood for thousands of years.”、第三段中的“Starting around 200 BC, the Roman Empire was building concrete structures that have stood the test of time. Even in places where...it was poured 2,000 years ago.”以及最后一段中的“Roman concrete lasted a long time”可推知,这些古建筑能够持久存在。故选A(长期的,持久的)。B.节能的,高能效的;C.脆弱的,易损的,精美的;D.灵活的。
7.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That the ancient materials have an unusual power to restore themselves and‘cure’ cracks when they form is the most shocking for them.”可知,这些古老的材料具有一种不寻常的力量,即可以在裂缝形成时自我修复,这对科学家来说是最令人震惊的。由此可知,古代建筑材料中最令科学家惊讶的是它们的自我修复能力。故选D。
8.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If we add 50 or 100 years to concrete's lifespan, we'll surely require less pulling down, less maintenance and less material in the long run.”可知,如果我们将混凝土的寿命延长50年或100年,从长远来看,我们需要拆除的建筑肯定会更少,需要的维护和材料肯定会更少。由此可知,作者希望未来的混凝土会更结实,因此对未来混凝土的态度是期待的。故选B(期待的)。A.忍受的,宽容的;C.怀疑的;D.漠不关心的。
难句分析
原句 Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures for ages, you will find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2,000 years ago.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是you,will find是谓语。where引导的是定语从句,先行词是places。the way后是定语从句,when引导的是时间状语从句。
译文 即使在海水长期撞击建筑物的地方,你也会发现混凝土基本上是2,000年前浇筑时的样子。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在英国“聋人宣传周”前夕,英国一名九岁的失聪儿童由家人陪同到首都唐宁街10号亲自递交书信给英国首相,寻求首相和政府给予和他一样的聋人更多的关注和支持。
1.C 联系下文“that the prime minister and the government do more to 2 children like him”可知,奥森递交书信给英国首相,请求首相和政府给予和他一样的聋人更多的关注和支持。approve同意; argue争吵; ask请求; order命令。故选C。
2.A 根据语境和第五段中的“Government investment”可知此处指奥森请求政府为像他这样的孩子提供更多的支持。support支持;understand理解;protect保护; satisfy使满足。故选A。
3.D 根据下文“with hearing loss as a baby”和常识可知,医生诊断其听力损失。predict预测;examine检查;suspect怀疑;diagnose诊断。故选D。
4.C 根据下文“Orson got Auditory Verbal therapy from a charity called Auditory Verbal UK. It helped him to learn to listen and speak.”和第四段中妈妈所说的话“hearing loss should not be a barrier to deaf children”可知,他的父母下定决心帮助他,不让疾病阻碍他。confused困惑的;surprised惊讶的;determined下定决心的;devoted忠诚的。故选C。
5.B 根据下文“Orson got Auditory Verbal therapy from a charity called Auditory Verbal UK. It helped him to learn to listen and speak.”可知,他在慈善机构的帮助下,已经能够听和说,听力受损并未阻碍他。bring back带回;hold back妨碍进展,阻挡; take back允许……再回家;set back延误,推迟。故选B。
6.A 根据上一段中的“Orson was diagnosed with hearing loss as a baby.”可知奥森在婴儿时期就被诊断为听力损失,由此可知此处是说他耳聋。deaf聋的;painful痛苦的;abnormal反常的;blind失明的。故选A。
7.D 根据第四段中的“hearing loss should not be a barrier to deaf children achieving their 9 ”可知,听力损失并未阻碍他做任何想做的事情。keep使保持;change改变;mind介意;stop阻止。故选D。
8.B 根据第二段中的“It helped him to learn to listen and speak.”可知,他在慈善机构的帮助下,已经能够听和说,证明了失聪儿童可以像听力正常的儿童一样学习说话。所以他妈妈说他是“失聪儿童可以像听力正常的儿童一样学习说话”这件事的一种证明。 obstacle障碍;proof证明;faith信仰;content内容。故选B。
9.A 根据上一段中的“it has never stopped me doing anything I want to”可知,耳聋从未阻止奥森做任何他想做的事情,失聪儿童也能发挥潜力,失聪不应成为儿童发挥潜力的障碍。potential潜力;effort努力;recognition 认可;fame名声。achieve one's potential发挥某人的潜力。故选A。
10.C 根据第二段中的“Orson got Auditory Verbal therapy from a charity called Auditory Verbal UK. It helped him to learn to listen and speak.”可知,奥森在慈善机构的帮助下,已经能够听和说,这改变了他的人生。因此说该机构是能够改变人生的。far-reaching深远的;ever-changing不断变化的;life-changing改变人生的;problem-solving解决问题的。故选C。
11.A 只有一小部分家庭可以利用这个改变人生的项目,这就是为什么他们呼吁政府投资。call for呼吁;make use of利用;get hold of 抓住;turn to向……求助。故选A。
12.D 根据上文“Only a small number of families have access to this life-changing programme”可知,只有一小部分家庭可以利用这个改变人生的项目,此处对应上文,指在英国,只有8%的五岁以下耳聋的孩子可以利用一个这样的项目。advocate提倡;assume 假设;conduct组织,实施;employ利用,使用。故选D。
13.C 句意:“聋人宣传周”力求揭示耳聋的人和那些听力损失的人所面临的障碍。根据后文“to bring to light the 14 that people who are deaf and those with hearing loss face”可知,这是英国设定“聋人宣传周”的目的。promise承诺;urge敦促;aim力求达到,力争做到;respond回应。故选C。
14.D 句意同上。根据第四段中的“hearing loss should not be a barrier to deaf children”可知,此处指耳聋的人和那些听力损失的人所面临的障碍(barriers),故选D。barriers为原词复现。challenge挑战;pressure压力;sympathy 同情。
15.B 根据文章首句“A nine-year-old boy named Orson recently hand-delivered a letter to Number Ten.”可知,hand-delivered为提示词,提示他亲自递交了他们的信件。cautiously谨慎地;personally亲自地;accidentally 意外地;secretly秘密地。故选B。
难句分析
原句 Orson is proof that deaf children can learn to speak as well as a hearing child and that hearing loss should not be a barrier to deaf children achieving their potential.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。proof后是and连接的两个that引导的并列的同位语从句,解释说明proof的内容。
译文 奥森证明,失聪儿童可以跟听力正常的儿童一样学好说话,听力损失不应成为失聪儿童发挥潜力的障碍。
Ⅲ.书面表达
写作指导
One possible version:
Hello, everyone! Today I'm excited to share with you my passion for traditional Chinese food, specifically tofu.【点明主题】
Tofu is made from soybeans and has impressed me with its taste and health benefits. It can be enjoyed in various forms, each offering a distinct taste. Its ability to absorb flavors makes it great in various recipes, from fried tofu to tofu soup. Besides, tofu is also a fantastic source of protein, low in calories and fat, making it an ideal choice for those seeking a nutritious and balanced meal.【具体介绍】
In short, tofu's adaptability, health advantages and taste make it my favourite traditional Chinese food. I encourage you all to give it a try.【总结,欢迎品尝】
Thank you.
佳作亮点
1.重点词汇
①passion n.酷爱;激情
②impress v.给……留下深刻印象
③benefit n.好处;优势
④in various forms以多种形式
⑤distinct adj.截然不同的;清晰的
⑥fantastic adj.极好的;了不起的
⑦balanced adj.均衡的
⑧in short总之,简言之
⑨adaptability n.适应性
⑩advantage n.优点;优势,有利条件
2.精彩句式
①It can be enjoyed in various forms, each offering a distinct taste.(独立主格:代词+现在分词)豆腐可以以各种形式享用,每一种都有截然不同的味道。
②Besides, tofu is also a fantastic source of protein, low in calories and fat, making it an ideal choice for those seeking a nutritious and balanced meal.(making是现在分词作结果状语;seeking是现在分词作定语)此外,豆腐也是蛋白质的绝佳来源,热量和脂肪都很低,是那些寻求营养丰富、均衡膳食的人的理想选择。
写作积累
演讲稿常用开头语
①It is my great honour to be here to deliver my speech, whose topic is “Enjoying Chinese Festivals”.我很荣幸能在这里发表我的演讲,我的演讲主题是“享受中国节日”。
②My name is Li Ping.Today I am very glad to have the opportunity to make this presentation.I shall be speaking about what we can do to protect the environment.我是李萍。今天我很高兴能有机会做这个演讲。我演讲的内容是我们能为保护环境做些什么。
③It's my honour to stand here and say something about how to study English well.我很荣幸能站在这里谈谈如何学好英语。
限时训练3
限时40分钟
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
Each morning at 6 o'clock, even on weekends, Kamaljeet Singh, 57, is up and out of the house. He starts by spending three hours helping distribute food to nearly two dozen drop-off locations across Delhi, India, and then checks on the many facilities run by the volunteer organization he leads with his brother, Premjit. The organization, Veerji Ka Dera, was founded in 1989 by their father, Trilokchan Singh.
Trilokchan and his helpers began supporting one of India's most underserved groups: the migrant workers who came to Delhi from rural areas. It started with a free breakfast, and eventually the group was also providing basic first aid for minor, often job-related, injuries. During this time, Trilokchan would begin his days as early as 4 o'clock in the morning, then go to his paid job 5 hours later, and end each day by volunteering in the evening.
After his death, Kamaljeet and Premjit, inspired by their father's lifetime of service, took over the organization. “We are continuing his legacy of helping the poorest of the poor,” says Premjit, 61. “Our aim is that no one goes hungry and uncared for in Delhi.”
Veerji Ka Dera now feeds about 2,500 daily wage workers and homeless people a day, in addition to providing basic medical care for as many as 500 people. The group operates a main building in West Delhi, several rented farms—growing crops such as wheat, mustard, millet and rice—an old people's home and clinics. It even operates an animal shelter housing a few hundred rescued cows and buffalo.
It's all made possible by the roughly 250 families who volunteer their time to cook, drive, nurse, farm and clean. Kamaljeet and his wife, Raminder, juggle their volunteer work with managing their security-camera installation (设备) company, and they get help from their son and daughter-in-law, too. His other adult children, who now live abroad, have volunteered in the past, as have Premjit's kids.
Despite the size and scope of the organization, the brothers claim it causes them no stress. Kamaljeet says spending time with his brother and the volunteers—especially young people—is “the best”.
1.What can we learn about Kamaljeet from Paragraph 1
A.He sets up Veerji Ka Dera.
B.He is fond of getting up early.
C.He routinely helps those in need.
D.He can have a rest on weekends.
2.What is the author's purpose in mentioning Trilokchan
A.To comment on his work.
B.To compare his work with his sons'.
C.To show his influence on his sons.
D.To describe his tough living conditions.
3.What does the underlined word “juggle” mean in Paragraph 5
A.Combine. B.Share.
C.Connect. D.Balance.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.A caring family. B.A worthy organization.
C.A mysterious tale. D.A meaningful experience.
B
Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later. Roman builders built thick concrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders constructed walls against foreign enemies.
A growing number of scientists have been studying materials since a long time ago. They are breaking apart pieces of buildings and reading historical texts hoping to learn how they have stood for thousands of years. The research has turned up a surprising list of materials that were mixed into old buildings. They include tree bark, volcanic ash, rice and beer. These unexpected materials can have the ability to get stronger over time. Figuring out how to copy these features can have real impacts today. While some of our modern concrete has the strength to hold up very tall buildings and heavy structures, it cannot compete with the durability of these ancient materials.
Many scientists have turned to the Romans. Starting around 200 BC, the Roman Empire was building concrete structures that have stood the test of time. Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures for ages, you will find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2,000 years ago. They think they have found an important reason why some Roman concrete has held up structures for thousands of years. That the ancient materials have an unusual power to restore themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they form is the most shocking for them. Exactly how is not yet clear, but scientists are starting to find the reasons.
Today's builders cannot just copy the ancient processes. Even though Roman concrete lasted a long time, it couldn't hold up heavy buildings. Instead, researchers are trying to take some of the ancient materials and add them into modern mixes. People don't need to make things last quite as long as the Romans did. If we add 50 or 100 years to concrete's lifespan, we'll surely require less pulling down, less maintenance and less material in the long run.
5.What were the mentioned Roman and Chinese buildings both used for
A.Travel. B.Defence.
C.Soldier training. D.Seawater control.
6.Which word can best describe the ancient buildings
A.Long-lasting. B.Energy-efficient.
C.Delicate. D.Flexible.
7.What surprises the scientists most about the ancient building materials
A.Their large cracks. B.Their clear concrete.
C.Their internal structures. D.Their self-repairing ability.
8.What is the author's attitude to the future concrete
A.Tolerant. B.Expectant.
C.Suspicious. D.Indifferent.
Ⅱ 完形填空
A nine-year-old boy named Orson recently hand-delivered a letter to Number Ten. He was 1 that the prime minister and the government do more to 2 children like him.
Orson was 3 with hearing loss as a baby. His parents were 4 that it would not 5 him back. Orson got Auditory Verbal therapy from a charity called Auditory Verbal UK. It helped him to learn to listen and speak.
Orson said, “Being 6 is part of who I am and it has never 7 me doing anything I want to.”
According to the Royal National Institute for the Deaf(RNID), there are around 12 million adults with hearing loss and at least 50,000 children who are deaf in the UK. Orson's mum, Avril, said, “Orson is 8 that deaf children can learn to speak as well as a hearing child and that hearing loss should not be a barrier to deaf children achieving their 9 .”
She added, “Only a small number of families have access to this 10 programme, which is why we are 11 Government investment.”
According to the charity Auditory Verbal UK, “Only 8% of deaf children under five in the UK can 12 an Auditory Verbal therapy programme.” Deaf Awareness Week this year is from 1 to 7 in May. Deaf Awareness Week 13 to bring to light the 14 that people who are deaf and those with hearing loss face. Orson and his family visited the capital to 15 deliver their letter ahead of Deaf Awareness Week.
1.A.approving B.arguing C.asking D.ordering
2.A.support B.understand C.protect D.satisfy
3.A.predicted B.examined C.suspected D.diagnosed
4.A.confused B.surprised C.determined D.devoted
5.A.bring B.hold C.take D.set
6.A.deaf B.painful C.abnormal D.blind
7.A.kept B.changed C.minded D.stopped
8.A.obstacle B.proof C.faith D.content
9.A.potential B.efforts C.recognition D.fame
10.A.far-reaching B.ever-changing C.life-changing D.problem-solving
11.A.calling for B.making use of C.getting hold of D.turning to
12.A.advocate B.assume C.conduct D.employ
13.A.promises B.urges C.aims D.responds
14.A.challenges B.pressure C.sympathy D.barriers
15.A.cautiously B.personally C.accidentally D.secretly
Ⅲ 书面表达
你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“My Favourite Traditional Chinese Food”为主题,写一篇演讲稿参赛,内容包括:
1.介绍该美食;
2.介绍喜欢的原因。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Hello, everyone!
Thank you.
答案全解全析
限时训练3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个志愿者组织Veerji Ka Dera,该组织服务于从农村地区来到德里的农民工。他们的目标是:在德里,没有人挨饿,没有人无人照顾。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Each morning at 6 o'clock, even on weekends, Kamaljeet Singh...helping distribute food to nearly two dozen drop-off locations across...the volunteer organization”可知,Kamaljeet每天都是这样忙着给困难人群分发食物,打理这个志愿者组织的事务,周末也是这样。故选C(他常规性地帮助那些处于困境中的人)。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“After his death, Kamaljeet and Premjit,inspired by their father's lifetime of service, took over the organization.”可知,作者提到这位父亲是为了讲述这兄弟俩是在父亲的影响下从事这个慈善事业的。故选C(为了体现他对他的儿子们的影响)。
3.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“their volunteer work(他们的志愿者工作)”和“managing their security-camera installation (设备) company(管理他们的安全摄像头设备公司)”可推测,他们同时做着志愿者和管理公司这两种工作。结合选项可知,画线词和balance(使平衡)意义相近,表示他们要平衡好机构的公益事业和自己的公司,兼顾两者。故选D。A.使结合;B.分享;C.使连接。
4.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了一个帮助困难人群的志愿者组织Veerji Ka Dera,介绍了它的发展历程、办公地点、参与人员、主要活动等。这个组织由Trilokchan Singh创立,他去世后由他的两个儿子接管。他们希望德里没有人挨饿,没有人无人照顾。因此本文主要介绍一个值得尊敬的志愿者组织。故选B。A.一个乐于助人的家庭;C.一个神秘的故事;D.一次有意义的经历。
易错分析
本题容易错选A项“一个乐于助人的家庭”。本文虽然提到了该家庭成员富有爱心,建立了公益组织,但是文中出现最多的关键词是organization,而且也介绍了该组织的一些情况,该组织中还有其他有爱心的家庭,A项不够全面,故不选A。
难句分析
原句 He starts by spending three hours helping distribute food to nearly two dozen drop-off locations across Delhi, India, and then checks on the many facilities run by the volunteer organization he leads with his brother, Premjit.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。主句是“He starts by...the volunteer organization”,“he leads...Premjit”是定语从句。主句中并列连词and连接了starts和checks两个谓语。主句中“run by the volunteer organization”是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰the many facilities。
译文 首先,他花了三个小时帮助向印度德里近二十四个物品存放处分发食物,然后检查他和他哥哥Premjit领导的志愿者组织运营的许多设施。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的古代建筑工人所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Roman builders built thick concrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders constructed walls against foreign enemies.”可知,罗马的建筑工人建造了厚厚的混凝土防波堤,玛雅的建筑工人创建了伟大的雕塑,中国的建筑工人建造了抵御外敌的城墙。因此,罗马和中国的建筑都是用来起到防御作用的。故选B(防御,保护)。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later.”、第二段中的“They are...hoping to learn how they have stood for thousands of years.”、第三段中的“Starting around 200 BC, the Roman Empire was building concrete structures that have stood the test of time. Even in places where...it was poured 2,000 years ago.”以及最后一段中的“Roman concrete lasted a long time”可推知,这些古建筑能够持久存在。故选A(长期的,持久的)。B.节能的,高能效的;C.脆弱的,易损的,精美的;D.灵活的。
7.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That the ancient materials have an unusual power to restore themselves and‘cure’ cracks when they form is the most shocking for them.”可知,这些古老的材料具有一种不寻常的力量,即可以在裂缝形成时自我修复,这对科学家来说是最令人震惊的。由此可知,古代建筑材料中最令科学家惊讶的是它们的自我修复能力。故选D。
8.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If we add 50 or 100 years to concrete's lifespan, we'll surely require less pulling down, less maintenance and less material in the long run.”可知,如果我们将混凝土的寿命延长50年或100年,从长远来看,我们需要拆除的建筑肯定会更少,需要的维护和材料肯定会更少。由此可知,作者希望未来的混凝土会更结实,因此对未来混凝土的态度是期待的。故选B(期待的)。A.忍受的,宽容的;C.怀疑的;D.漠不关心的。
难句分析
原句 Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures for ages, you will find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2,000 years ago.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是you,will find是谓语。where引导的是定语从句,先行词是places。the way后是定语从句,when引导的是时间状语从句。
译文 即使在海水长期撞击建筑物的地方,你也会发现混凝土基本上是2,000年前浇筑时的样子。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在英国“聋人宣传周”前夕,英国一名九岁的失聪儿童由家人陪同到首都唐宁街10号亲自递交书信给英国首相,寻求首相和政府给予和他一样的聋人更多的关注和支持。
1.C 联系下文“that the prime minister and the government do more to 2 children like him”可知,奥森递交书信给英国首相,请求首相和政府给予和他一样的聋人更多的关注和支持。approve同意; argue争吵; ask请求; order命令。故选C。
2.A 根据语境和第五段中的“Government investment”可知此处指奥森请求政府为像他这样的孩子提供更多的支持。support支持;understand理解;protect保护; satisfy使满足。故选A。
3.D 根据下文“with hearing loss as a baby”和常识可知,医生诊断其听力损失。predict预测;examine检查;suspect怀疑;diagnose诊断。故选D。
4.C 根据下文“Orson got Auditory Verbal therapy from a charity called Auditory Verbal UK. It helped him to learn to listen and speak.”和第四段中妈妈所说的话“hearing loss should not be a barrier to deaf children”可知,他的父母下定决心帮助他,不让疾病阻碍他。confused困惑的;surprised惊讶的;determined下定决心的;devoted忠诚的。故选C。
5.B 根据下文“Orson got Auditory Verbal therapy from a charity called Auditory Verbal UK. It helped him to learn to listen and speak.”可知,他在慈善机构的帮助下,已经能够听和说,听力受损并未阻碍他。bring back带回;hold back妨碍进展,阻挡; take back允许……再回家;set back延误,推迟。故选B。
6.A 根据上一段中的“Orson was diagnosed with hearing loss as a baby.”可知奥森在婴儿时期就被诊断为听力损失,由此可知此处是说他耳聋。deaf聋的;painful痛苦的;abnormal反常的;blind失明的。故选A。
7.D 根据第四段中的“hearing loss should not be a barrier to deaf children achieving their 9 ”可知,听力损失并未阻碍他做任何想做的事情。keep使保持;change改变;mind介意;stop阻止。故选D。
8.B 根据第二段中的“It helped him to learn to listen and speak.”可知,他在慈善机构的帮助下,已经能够听和说,证明了失聪儿童可以像听力正常的儿童一样学习说话。所以他妈妈说他是“失聪儿童可以像听力正常的儿童一样学习说话”这件事的一种证明。 obstacle障碍;proof证明;faith信仰;content内容。故选B。
9.A 根据上一段中的“it has never stopped me doing anything I want to”可知,耳聋从未阻止奥森做任何他想做的事情,失聪儿童也能发挥潜力,失聪不应成为儿童发挥潜力的障碍。potential潜力;effort努力;recognition 认可;fame名声。achieve one's potential发挥某人的潜力。故选A。
10.C 根据第二段中的“Orson got Auditory Verbal therapy from a charity called Auditory Verbal UK. It helped him to learn to listen and speak.”可知,奥森在慈善机构的帮助下,已经能够听和说,这改变了他的人生。因此说该机构是能够改变人生的。far-reaching深远的;ever-changing不断变化的;life-changing改变人生的;problem-solving解决问题的。故选C。
11.A 只有一小部分家庭可以利用这个改变人生的项目,这就是为什么他们呼吁政府投资。call for呼吁;make use of利用;get hold of 抓住;turn to向……求助。故选A。
12.D 根据上文“Only a small number of families have access to this life-changing programme”可知,只有一小部分家庭可以利用这个改变人生的项目,此处对应上文,指在英国,只有8%的五岁以下耳聋的孩子可以利用一个这样的项目。advocate提倡;assume 假设;conduct组织,实施;employ利用,使用。故选D。
13.C 句意:“聋人宣传周”力求揭示耳聋的人和那些听力损失的人所面临的障碍。根据后文“to bring to light the 14 that people who are deaf and those with hearing loss face”可知,这是英国设定“聋人宣传周”的目的。promise承诺;urge敦促;aim力求达到,力争做到;respond回应。故选C。
14.D 句意同上。根据第四段中的“hearing loss should not be a barrier to deaf children”可知,此处指耳聋的人和那些听力损失的人所面临的障碍(barriers),故选D。barriers为原词复现。challenge挑战;pressure压力;sympathy 同情。
15.B 根据文章首句“A nine-year-old boy named Orson recently hand-delivered a letter to Number Ten.”可知,hand-delivered为提示词,提示他亲自递交了他们的信件。cautiously谨慎地;personally亲自地;accidentally 意外地;secretly秘密地。故选B。
难句分析
原句 Orson is proof that deaf children can learn to speak as well as a hearing child and that hearing loss should not be a barrier to deaf children achieving their potential.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。proof后是and连接的两个that引导的并列的同位语从句,解释说明proof的内容。
译文 奥森证明,失聪儿童可以跟听力正常的儿童一样学好说话,听力损失不应成为失聪儿童发挥潜力的障碍。
Ⅲ.书面表达
写作指导
One possible version:
Hello, everyone! Today I'm excited to share with you my passion for traditional Chinese food, specifically tofu.【点明主题】
Tofu is made from soybeans and has impressed me with its taste and health benefits. It can be enjoyed in various forms, each offering a distinct taste. Its ability to absorb flavors makes it great in various recipes, from fried tofu to tofu soup. Besides, tofu is also a fantastic source of protein, low in calories and fat, making it an ideal choice for those seeking a nutritious and balanced meal.【具体介绍】
In short, tofu's adaptability, health advantages and taste make it my favourite traditional Chinese food. I encourage you all to give it a try.【总结,欢迎品尝】
Thank you.
佳作亮点
1.重点词汇
①passion n.酷爱;激情
②impress v.给……留下深刻印象
③benefit n.好处;优势
④in various forms以多种形式
⑤distinct adj.截然不同的;清晰的
⑥fantastic adj.极好的;了不起的
⑦balanced adj.均衡的
⑧in short总之,简言之
⑨adaptability n.适应性
⑩advantage n.优点;优势,有利条件
2.精彩句式
①It can be enjoyed in various forms, each offering a distinct taste.(独立主格:代词+现在分词)豆腐可以以各种形式享用,每一种都有截然不同的味道。
②Besides, tofu is also a fantastic source of protein, low in calories and fat, making it an ideal choice for those seeking a nutritious and balanced meal.(making是现在分词作结果状语;seeking是现在分词作定语)此外,豆腐也是蛋白质的绝佳来源,热量和脂肪都很低,是那些寻求营养丰富、均衡膳食的人的理想选择。
写作积累
演讲稿常用开头语
①It is my great honour to be here to deliver my speech, whose topic is “Enjoying Chinese Festivals”.我很荣幸能在这里发表我的演讲,我的演讲主题是“享受中国节日”。
②My name is Li Ping.Today I am very glad to have the opportunity to make this presentation.I shall be speaking about what we can do to protect the environment.我是李萍。今天我很高兴能有机会做这个演讲。我演讲的内容是我们能为保护环境做些什么。
③It's my honour to stand here and say something about how to study English well.我很荣幸能站在这里谈谈如何学好英语。
同课章节目录