单元提升卷
满分150分,限时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is Dave going to do tomorrow
A.Write an essay. B.Take a test. C.Go camping.
2.What is Olivia doing
A.She's reading job ads.
B.She's editing a paper.
C.She's watching the news.
3.What are the speakers talking about
A.Teaching methods.
B.Online learning.
C.English culture.
4.What does the man suggest the woman do
A.Check the websites.
B.Change to a new airline.
C.Book a ticket in advance.
5.Why is the woman unhappy with Jason
A.He broke a company rule.
B.He was absent from work.
C.He lost an important report.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.Where are the speakers going to have a picnic
A.On the beach.
B.In the woods.
C.By the lake.
7.What will the woman probably do after the picnic
A.Do some reading.
B.Go swimming.
C.Ride a bike.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.What is the woman's major now
A.Political science.
B.Biology.
C.Psychology.
9.What makes the woman change her mind
A.Extra classes.
B.Difficult exams.
C.Delays in graduation.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.Why will Mark go to California
A.To train a new manager.
B.To open a branch store.
C.To do a sales analysis.
11.How long will Mark's work probably take in California
A.Two days. B.One week. C.Two weeks.
12.Who might go to California with Mark
A.Peter. B.Jack. C.Lisa.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.What is Susan doing
A.She's teaching geography.
B.She's introducing an art form.
C.She's conducting an interview.
14.What is Charlie
A.A writer. B.A researcher. C.A photographer.
15.How did the Amazon people react to Charlie's visit
A.Defensively. B.Favorably. C.Angrily.
16.What does Charlie want to show through his works
A.The natural beauty of the Amazon.
B.The damage done to the rainforests.
C.The happy side of the local life.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.Why is the plan for the visitors changed
A.Lack of time.
B.Bad weather.
C.Budget cuts.
18.What does the speaker say about the museums at South Kensington
A.They are free on Thursdays.
B.They are close to each other.
C.They are open on different days.
19.When will the speaker probably leave the Natural History Museum
A.At 1 pm. B.At 3 pm. C.At 6 pm.
20.What is the last stop of the tour
A.The National Gallery.
B.The Science Museum.
C.Victoria and Albert Museum.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
A
Some of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you. Whether it's using your home PC, taking part in a clinical trial, or simply volunteering your time for a study, you may be able to contribute to some of the groundbreaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world leader in research. Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.
Seeking poor sleepers for insomnia (失眠) research
Trouble sleeping Researchers from the Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute are evaluating different interventions aimed at improving sleep. We are looking for poor sleepers between the ages of 18 and 65. Participation will involve spending overnights in the sleep laboratory at Oxford, monitoring your sleep/wake cycle, and completing computerized tasks. If you are interested, please contact the research team at insomnia@ndcn.ox.ac.uk.
Volunteers with lazy eye wanted
We are looking for volunteers with a history of lazy eye to take part in our brain scanning study. We are looking for healthy volunteers aged 18-45 with a history of lazy eye. You will also be asked questions about your medical history to check your suitability for an MRI scan. Call 01865 223622 for more information.
Oxford Vaccine Group
The Oxford Vaccine Group is an independent multidisciplinary (多学科的) clinical trial group. OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection in adults and children, enhancing the understanding of immunity and studying the epidemiology of infectious diseases. To get more information, please see the OVG website.
Oxford eXperimental Laboratory for the Social Sciences
The Oxford Internet Institute, together with the Business School, is recruiting individuals to participate in computer-based experiments involving online surfing behavior as well as economic and political decision-making.
We pay our subjects well, there are no special skills required and you don't have to come to the lab in person. Contact us at socialsciencestudy@ox.ac.uk for more information.
21.What is the main purpose of the passage
A.To look for research subjects.
B.To offer medical help to patients.
C.To introduce new research programs.
D.To recruit experienced researchers.
22.What does OVG work on
A.Carrying out operations.
B.Producing better vaccines.
C.Learning more about infection.
D.Studying the causes of diseases.
23.Which project can you probably participate in if you can't be physically present
A.Oxford Vaccine Group.
B.Insomnia research group.
C.Brain scanning study group.
D.Oxford eXperimental Laboratory.
B
For Vishwanath Mallabadi from Bangalore, India, there is no such thing as a useless object or “waste”. Give him anything—abandoned metal or plastic items, old devices, dysfunctional printed circuit boards—and he'll create art out of it.
Vishwanath's passion is particularly relevant in the current age, where India generates more e-waste than it can recycle. From 2019 to 2020, the country generated a total of more than 1 million tones of e-waste. Of this, only 22.7 percent was collected, taken apart and recycled. The eco-artist has upcycled and transformed nearly 200 kg of e-waste into usable products and proposes eco-art as a means to deal with waste management.
Vishwanath's father, D M Shambhu, was a famous sculptor and painter, but he wanted his son to choose medicine and become a doctor. However, Vishwanath, who was interested in upcycling second-hand objects right from childhood, decided to pursue a BFA in Applied Art. He later went on to work in a company as a high-level administrator and retired two years ago. “In my free time and during the weekends, I used to conduct experiments in e-waste and try to develop something unique,” he recalled.
So far, the eco-artist has created more than 500 objects. These include a six-foot-tall sculpture made from upcycled computer keyboard keys, and a painting inspired by Vincent van Gogh's The Starry Night, using upcycled resistors (电阻器) on wood. Among his other artworks are a 42×38 inch figure statue created from upcycled keyboard keys on a sun board finished with plastics, a deer made of colourful used wires, plants and flowers from computer parts, and eco jewellery from upcycled digital wrist watch parts.
“The work involves selecting the e-waste objects—the texture, shape, and colour etc., and visualising and conceptualising the final product. It might take weeks and months for sculptures. However, sustainable initiatives and upcycled art are nowadays in demand in multinational companies opting for a sustainable culture,” he said.
24.What does the author try to convey in Paragraph 2
A.The seriousness of e-waste in India.
B.Vishwanath's passion for environment protection.
C.The achievements of waste management in India.
D.Vishwanath's attitude towards dealing with e-waste.
25.What did Vishwanath work as before retiring
A.A passionate eco-artist. B.A private doctor.
C.A famous sculptor. D.A senior manager.
26.Which of the artworks were made of the same materials
A.The deer and the plants.
B.The sculpture and the figure statue.
C.The painting and the flowers.
D.The deer and the eco jewellery.
27.What does Vishwanath think of his working on eco-art
A.Exciting but unprofitable. B.Creative but useless.
C.Demanding but worthwhile. D.Efficient but costly.
C
From the world's last seven to a global population of more than 5,000, China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises (朱鹮) from the edge of extinction.
With its typical red crest and face, as well as a long black mouth and snow-white feathers, the crested ibis is known as “the oriental gem” in China. They were once widespread in East Asia and Siberia until the 20th century when hunting, ecological damage and increased human activities drove the birds to near extinction.
In 1981, the entire species around the world was down to the seven crested ibises which were found only in Yangxian County, northwest China's Shaanxi Province, and deep in the Qinling Mountains, making Qinling, a natural boundary between China's north and south, the last shelter of the wild birds.
Since 1981, the local government of Yangxian County has put forward four bans on the protection of the species, prohibiting activities including hunting in the birds' living areas, cutting down trees where they nest, using chemicals in their food-finding areas, and firing guns in their breeding (繁殖) areas. The Chinese government arranged special funds to protect the habitat of crested ibises, sealing off mountains to plant trees in the birds' living areas. China started the artificial breeding of crested ibises in 1991 and had bred more than 400 birds in Shaanxi as of last year.
Years of constant effort have brought promising results. It is estimated that there are more than 5,000 crested ibises in the world now, and a majority of them live in Shaanxi. The birds' habitat in China has risen from less than 5 square km in 1981 to the current 15,000 square km.
“It is lucky that the crested ibis, an ancient bird, is still flying around,” said Zan Linsen, head of the Shaanxi Academy of Forestry. “The conservation story of crested ibises not only shows us the power of ancient life, but also the necessity and urgency of ecological environment protection.”
28.Why are the Qinling Mountains so important to crested ibises
A.They are where crested ibises were first found.
B.They used to be the last habitat of crested ibises.
C.They are the only breeding area of crested ibises.
D.They protect crested ibises from natural enemies.
29.What can we conclude from Paragraph 4
A.Crested ibises are unlikely to be bred artificially.
B.It's legal to own hunting guns in Yangxian County.
C.Hunting has been the biggest threat to crested ibises.
D.The government plays a key role in saving crested ibises.
30.How does Zan Linsen feel about the conservation results of crested ibises
A.Merciful and ambitious. B.Relieved and happy.
C.Shocked and curious. D.Sorry and regretful.
31.What is a suitable title for the text
A.Rare animals in China: crested ibises
B.Artificial breeding of crested ibises in China
C.Endangered crested ibises making a comeback
D.Crested ibises found again in the Qinling Mountains
D
Could a new treatment developed by the US company Lilly mean “the beginning of the end of Alzheimer's (阿尔茨海默病)” Could we even cure it some day These are headlines and questions swirling (流传) around after news of a new drug, called donanemab, showed promising results in phase-3 trials.
The brain science behind Alzheimer's is complex, but CT and MRI scans suggest that poisonous changes occur in the brain, including the abnormal build-up of proteins called amyloid plaques and tau tangles. The damage starts in the parts of the brain essential for forming memories but then spreads throughout the organ, with brain tissue shrinking significantly.
Developing treatments for Alzheimer's has been a challenge, with almost 20 years passing with no new drugs. But in the last year, two new ones have emerged: donanemab and lecanemab. Neither are cures nor magic bullets for the disease, but they do address key symptoms. They target the amyloid proteins that can accumulate in the brain and damage neurons, slowing down its progression.
While this news is exciting, there are major caveats. One is whether it will ever become available on the NHS. The cost is estimated to be about ￡20,000 per person per year of treatment.
Another is the serious side-effects: in the study, brain swelling occurred in 24% of participants and brain bleeding occurred in 31.4% on the drug compared with 13.6% in the placebo (安慰药) group. There were also three deaths during the trial.
Part of the problem for me, as an academic, in assessing the drug is that the full results of the trial haven't yet been shared publicly or published in a peer-reviewed journal. We cannot access the full data or examine the trial yet, and there is always a motivation for private companies to overstate the effectiveness of new drugs. Trial results need to be assessed by an independent body of experts.
While it is unlikely to change clinical practice until at least 2025, the news of donanemab is again an indication that science is continuing to make progress when it comes to treating the major causes of illness and death, even one related to the highly complex inner workings of the brain. So, there are caveats and the need for caution, but these new drugs are indeed the grounds for that rare thing these days: hope.
32.What can we learn about Alzheimer's from the passage
A.It is caused by the accumulation of some proteins in the brain.
B.Most people will develop Alzheimer's when they are old.
C.There exists a new drug to cure it completely.
D.It results from the loss of memories as people get older.
33.What does the underlined word “caveats” mean in Paragraph 4
A.Weaknesses. B.Discussions. C.Debates. D.Warnings.
34.What is the problem of the new drug according to the author as an academic
A.The effectiveness may be blown up without fair assessment.
B.It has the serious side-effects such as brain bleeding and deaths.
C.The cost of the new drug is out of reach for ordinary people.
D.There is no possibility for new drugs to be admitted into the NHS.
35.What is the author's attitude towards the new drug
A.Approving. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Indifferent.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Hero's Journey
Have you ever thought of yourself as the main character of a heroic adventure It could be good for your health. Research suggests that imagining yourself on a hero's journey could help you achieve a more meaningful life. How can you start imagining your life as a hero's journey 36.
Keep a journal.
Ask yourself: What makes you Describe your personality and core values. Think about events in your life that make you who you are today. Then reflect on the challenges that stand in your way, and who can help you on your journey. 37.
Ask: Who's my favorite character in a movie or book
38. They probably inspire you because you relate to their positive qualities. Keeping them in mind can help you see yourself from a more heroic angle.
Change the way you see obstacles.
Going through a tough time See your problems as challenges. Think of them as opportunities for growth and learning. A challenge is a chance to develop strength and be the hero of your own story.
Go on more heroic adventures.
We like people who have new experiences and grow from their challenges. So seek out something new. 39. Or it can be dramatic, like borrowing a bike and riding it to school.
40.
Say you're facing a big challenge. Kayla Ursa, a therapist in California, suggests thinking of a favorite hero's story. “It can help you have that eagle-eyed view of what might be next for you, or what you should be paying attention to,” Ursa says. “Stories become this map that we can always turn to.” That can be reassuring. It reminds you that a new chapter almost certainly awaits you.
A.Here, experts share some strategies.
B.Writing down a few sentences can help.
C.You don't have to live a super heroic life.
D.When you need a motivation, think of your heroes.
E.Think of what appeals to you about that character.
F.It can be simple, like walking a new route to school.
G.Seeing your life as an adventure can enhance well-being.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life. But now that her mother had found a new job in the city, Devi faced a new 41 —school field trips to the local pool.
The first time Devi went with her class to the pool, she had no 42 what she was in for. Devi 43 into the water and held onto the side of the pool, expecting to be able to touch the 44 with her feet. But when Devi 45 the side of the pool, she sank under the water. Devi soon 46 the cement ledge (水泥平台) to prevent herself drowning. Then, seized by 47 , she just sat on a bench, too embarrassed to try again.
When she came home, her mother 48 right away that Devi was upset. “Honey, I made a call to the local pool, and you start lessons this weekend.” Devi felt 49 that lessons would help, but she had to 50 her fear.
51 , when the time came to take her first lesson, Devi was even more embarrassed than before. “I'm 13, and I'm taking lessons with all little kids! This is 52 !”
When she was standing there, her 53 came over and said, “Hi, Devi! I'm Angela. You know what, I didn't learn to swim until I was 20, and now I'm a swimming teacher!”
Angela's words put Devi 54 . She couldn't help but smile, realizing that she might never be a fearless swimmer, but she would sure have fun 55 .
41.A.platform B.opportunity C.challenge D.project
42.A.idea B.hope C.view D.intention
43.A.dived B.sank C.leapt D.slipped
44.A.side B.bottom C.surface D.edge
45.A.took hold of B.let go of C.got rid of D.caught sight of
46.A.grabbed B.obtained C.recalled D.fixed
47.A.puzzle B.delight C.horror D.regret
48.A.imagined B.concluded C.noticed D.wondered
49.A.content B.grateful C.curious D.doubtful
50.A.hide B.overcome C.support D.convey
51.A.Still B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Moreover
52.A.fantastic B.ridiculous C.tolerant D.accessible
53.A.parent B.friend C.partner D.instructor
54.A.at ease B.in trouble C.at risk D.in need
55.A.competing B.playing C.trying D.winning
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China will release the world's first high-fidelity (高保真) virtual giant panda and a metaverse-like (类似宇宙的) world 56. it will live, China's forestry and grassland authority announced. The digital giant panda will be able to interact with humans after 57. (give) AI life in this metaverse-like world.
The details of the giant panda's bones, muscles, skin, hair and facial features will be created with millimeter-level precision. After it goes online, the public can immerse(使沉浸于)58. (they) in the habitat with their mobile phones to learn about the living habits and environment of the pandas.
The digital project 59. (aim) at telling the stories of flagship species at China's national parks including giant pandas, golden snub-nosed monkeys, Asian elephants and Siberian tigers, and it is also a creative way 60. (show) the world China's efforts in biodiversity.
61. this, AI has also been successfully used elsewhere. It has been used to 62. (automatic) identify and analyze the tracks of snow leopards from 100,000 photos taken every three months in national parks, increasing the 63. (accurate) of identification to 98 percent and 64. (strengthen) the efficiency of protection measures.
The National Forestry and Grassland Administration has also introduced VR solutions, which make visiting China's Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park on people's phones 65. reality.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是学生会主席李华,下周非洲一所友好学校的学生将来你校进行以“体育运动”为主题的文化交流。请你为此写一则通知,内容包括:
1.活动安排;
2.呼吁大家参加。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Notice
The Student Union
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Outside the Box
The Harvestfest contest was falling on Friday and everyone in school was talking about it. All the students would show up in their self-made costumes and a winner would be chosen by the principal.
“Do you have your costume for the Harvestfest contest ” Alice asked. “I'm going as a chocolate bar. My mom and I have been working on it all week.”
“Yeah, I have a costume,” said Jordan Eastman, popping up the two front wheels of his wheelchair as he waited for his dad to pick him up. “But it's boring.”
“Why What is it ” Alice asked.
“MaxMag the superhero, but Danny, Tom and Izzy are all going as MaxMag too,” Jordan shook his head. “That's too many to stand a chance of winning the contest.” He waved to his dad, who had just pulled up in front of the school.
Jordan rolled his wheelchair toward his dad, and Alice walked with him to the minivan.
“Maybe you should go as something else.”
“The contest is on Friday night,” Jordan sighed. “It's too late to change costumes.”
“Jordan, you have to think outside the box. Look around your house and see what you have. There's hidden potential in everyday items.” She took a sip of her drink, and told Jordan that her chocolate-bar costume was made from old fabric her mom had lying around and recycled plastics.
On his way home, Jordan was quiet. He kept thinking about Alice's words: Think outside the box. There's hidden potential in everyday items. When he got home, he found his mum handling some wooden pieces. She was putting a new desk together. On top of the desk was the huge empty cardboard box the pieces had come in. Mom smiled at Jordan, pointing at the desk, “What do you think ”
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Jordan's eyes fell on the box and he smiled, “It's perfect...with my wheelchair.”
Soon it was Friday night, and Jordan couldn't wait to show his costume.
答案全解全析
单元提升卷
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了牛津大学招募志愿者参加各类研究项目的通知。
21.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Some of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you.” “volunteering your time for a study”“you may be able to contribute to some of the groundbreaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world leader in research”以及“Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.”可知,你可以为一些开创性的研究项目做出贡献,说明这篇文章的主要目的是为研究项目招募研究对象,故选A。
22.B 细节理解题。根据Oxford Vaccine Group中的“OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection”可知,OVG致力于生产出更好的疫苗,故选B。
同义表达
B项中的“Producing better vaccines”是第四段中“developing new and improved vaccines”的同义表达。
23.D 细节理解题。根据Oxford eXperimental Laboratory for the Social Sciences中的“you don't have to come to the lab in person”可知,如果你不能到场,你可以参加Oxford eXperimental Laboratory这个项目,故选D。
同义表达
题干中的“physically present”是最后一段中“in person”的同义表达。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了印度生态艺术家Vishwanath的经历和他取得的成就。
24.A 推理判断题。根据第二段前三句“Vishwanath's passion is particularly relevant in the current age, where India generates more e-waste than it can recycle...a total of more than 1 million tones of e-waste. Of this, only 22.7 percent was collected, taken apart and recycled.”可知,本段主要介绍了近年来印度电子垃圾问题十分严重。故选A。
25.D 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“He later went on to work in a company as a high-level administrator and retired two years ago.”可知,他退休前是一名企业高管。故选D。
同义表达
D项中的“A senior manager”是第三段中“a high-level administrator”的同义表达。
26.B 细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句中的关键表述“a six-foot-tall sculpture made from upcycled computer keyboard keys”和“a 42×38 inch figure statue created from upcycled keyboard keys”可知,一个六英尺高的雕塑和一个42×38英寸的人物雕像的主要材料都是经过升级改造的电脑键盘按键,因此这两个作品的材料相同,故选B。
27.C 推理判断题。
由题干中的Vishwanath think of可定位至最后一段Vishwanath说的话。
根据最后一段中的“It might take weeks and months for sculptures. However, sustainable initiatives and upcycled art are nowadays in demand in multinational companies opting for a sustainable culture”可知,Vishwanath认为对于雕塑家来说创作生态艺术品需要花费较长的时间,但是对于可持续发展来说又是有需求的。由此可推知,他认为他的工作费时费力但是值得。C项(要求高但值得)符合语境,故选C。A.令人兴奋但不盈利的;B.有创造性但无用的;D.高效但昂贵的。
难句分析
原句 Among his other artworks are a 42×38 inch figure statue created from upcycled keyboard keys on a sun board finished with plastics, a deer made of colourful used wires, plants and flowers from computer parts, and eco jewellery from upcycled digital wrist watch parts.
分析 本句是一个倒装句。介词短语Among his other artworks置于句首,句子使用全部倒装,are是系动词,其后是and连接的四个并列主语:a 42×38 inch figure statue、a deer、plants and flowers和eco jewellery。“created from...on a sun board finished with plastics”是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰a 42×38 inch figure statue,其中“finished with plastics”为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰a sun board。“made of colourful used wires”为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰a deer。
译文 在他的其他艺术作品中,有一个42×38英寸的人物雕像,是用塑料制成的太阳板上的经过升级改造的键盘键制作的,用彩色的废旧电线制成的鹿,用电脑零件制成的植物和花朵以及用升级改造的数字手表零件制成的生态珠宝。
C
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在近四十年的努力下,成功将朱鹮这一濒临灭绝的物种从全球仅剩的七只增加到超过五千只,这显示了生态环境保护的必要性和紧迫性。
28.B 细节理解题。
由题干中的Qinling Mountains可定位至文章第三段。
根据第三段中的“which were found only in Yangxian County, northwest China's Shaanxi Province, and deep in the Qinling Mountains, making Qinling, a natural boundary between China's north and south, the last shelter of the wild birds.”可知,作为中国南北自然分界线的秦岭成了野生朱鹮最后的栖息地,因此秦岭对朱鹮来说很重要。故选B(秦岭曾经是朱鹮最后的栖息地)。
同义表达
B项中的“the last habitat of crested ibises”与文章第三段中的“the last shelter of the wild birds”意思一致。29.D 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,为保护朱鹮免遭灭绝,政府采取了一系列保护措施,自1981年以来,政府颁布了禁止在这种鸟的生活区狩猎等四项禁令,设置特殊基金、封山种树来保护朱鹮的栖息地,1991年开始进行朱鹮人工繁殖,到去年为止在陕西已经繁育了四百多只朱鹮。由此可知,本段主要说明政府为保护朱鹮做出的努力,体现了政府在保护朱鹮方面发挥的重要作用,D项(政府在拯救朱鹮方面起着关键作用)符合语境。故选D。
30.B 推理判断题。
由题干中的Zan Linsen可定位至文章最后一段。
根据最后一段中昝林森(Zan Linsen)的话“It is lucky that the crested ibis, an ancient bird, is still flying around”可知,昝林森认为,很幸运能够看到这种古老的鸟儿还能飞来飞去,这是保护朱鹮取得的成果。由此可推知,保护朱鹮的成果让昝林森感到高兴和宽慰。故选B(宽慰且高兴的)。
31.C 主旨大意题。文章第一段“From the world's last seven to a global population...edge of extinction.(从世界上最后的七只到全球超过五千只,中国花了近四十年的时间将朱鹮从灭绝的边缘救了回来。)”说明了中国在保护朱鹮方面取得的成果,结合文中第二、三段介绍的朱鹮的危急情况、第四段介绍的中国政府为保护朱鹮做出的努力以及倒数第二段介绍的中国政府努力的结果可知,文章主要介绍了经过多年的努力中国将朱鹮从灭绝的边缘救了回来。C项(濒危朱鹮逐渐回归)最能概括文章主要内容,为最佳标题,故选C。
技巧点拨
主旨大意题解题技巧:
主旨大意题主要考查学生选择最佳标题(title)、寻找文章段落大意(general idea)和概括文章中心思想(main idea)的能力,文章的标题是对文章核心思想的概括,其特点是短小精悍、涵盖性强、精确性强。获取文章中心思想的有效方法是辨认主题句。主题句起统领全文的作用,文中的所有事实、细节都是为此服务的,其位置常在首段或尾段。
D
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为donanemab的新药在三期临床试验中显示有一定疗效,给阿尔茨海默病患者带来希望,但是也存在一些问题。
32.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...poisonous changes occur in the brain, including the abnormal build-up of proteins called amyloid plaques and tau tangles.”及第三段中的“They target the amyloid proteins that can accumulate in the brain and damage neurons, slowing down its progression.”可知,大脑中某些蛋白质的积累使得大脑发生了有毒的变化,引起了阿尔茨海默病。故选A。
同义表达
A项中的“the accumulation of some proteins”与第二段中的“the abnormal build-up of proteins”意思一致。A项中的accumulation与第三段中的accumulate为同根词复现。
33.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“While this news is exciting, there are major caveats.”尤其是其中的While(尽管,虽然)可知,逗号前后是转折关系,逗号前边说的是这个消息好的方面(exciting),推测逗号后是消极的方面。根据画线词下文中的“One is whether it will ever become available on the NHS. The cost is estimated to be...year of treatment.(一个是它是否会在国民医疗服务体系中普及。据估计,每人每年的治疗费用约为两万英镑。)”可知,其中一个是花费太高,可能很难普及。根据下一段内容“Another is the serious side-effects...three deaths during the trial.”可知,另一个是有严重的副作用。根据最后一段最后一句中的“there are caveats and the need for caution”可知,and前后为同义表达,表示“需要注意”。由此可推知,One...Another...这两个部分都是这种新药需要注意的地方,表示虽然出现新药这个消息使人兴奋,但也有一些需要注意的地方。由此可推知,画线词与warning(警告,警示)语义相近。故选D。caveat意为“警告;告诫”。
34.A 推理判断题。
根据题干中的“the problem of the new drug according to the author as an academic”可定位至倒数第二段,对应倒数第二段中的“Part of the problem for me, as an academic, in assessing the drug is that...”。
根据倒数第二段中的“the full results of the trial haven't yet been shared publicly or published in a peer-reviewed journal(该试验的全部结果尚未公开分享,也没有在同行评议期刊上发表)”和“We cannot access the full data or examine the trial yet, and there is always a motivation for private companies to overstate the effectiveness of new drugs. Trial results need to be assessed by an independent body of experts.(我们还无法获得完整的数据,也还无法检查试验,而且私营公司总是有夸大新药有效性的动机。试验结果需要由一个独立的专家机构进行评估。)”可推知,作为一名学者,作者认为这种新药的问题是新药的有效性可能会在未经公正评估的情况下被夸大,仍需要独立的权威专家进行评估。故选A(如果没有公平的评估,新药的效果可能会被夸大)。
同义表达
A项中的“The effectiveness may be blown up”与“overstate the effectiveness of new drugs”为同义表达;blow up与overstate为同义词,意为“夸大;夸张”。
35.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While it is unlikely...the news of donanemab is again an indication that science is continuing to make progress when it comes to treating the major causes of illness and death...”以及“these new drugs are indeed the grounds for that rare thing these days: hope”可知,这种新药表明医疗科学正在不断进步,它也确实带来了希望。由此可推知,作者对这种药持积极的态度。A.赞同的;B.怀疑的;C.模糊的;D.冷漠的。A项最符合语境,故选A。
第二节
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了把自己想象为英雄,把自己的生活想象为英雄的生活对健康的好处,并介绍了这样做的几种方法。
文章大意:把自己的生活想象为英雄的生活的方法
文章结构:总—分
36.A 过渡句。根据上文的问句“How can you start imagining your life as a hero's journey (你能怎么开始想象你的生活是一个英雄的旅程 )”以及下文给出的五个策略可知,设空处承上启下,给出问题的答案,A项(专家们在这里分享了一些策略。)符合语境,故选A。
37.B 细节句。根据本段主题句“Keep a journal.(记日记。)”及本段内容可知,本段主要是建议记日记。结合上文“Then reflect on the challenges that stand in your way, and who can help you on your journey.”及选项可知,B项(写下几个句子会有所帮助。)说明反思之后写下来,与上文衔接紧密,且呼应本段主题句,符合语境,故选B。
38.E 细节句。根据本段主题句“Ask: Who's my favorite character in a movie or book ”可知,本段的建议和自己最喜欢的角色有关。结合下文“They probably inspire you because you relate to their positive qualities.(他们可能会激励你,因为你认同他们的积极品质。)”及选项可知,E项(想想这个角色吸引你的地方。) 呼应本段主题句,符合语境,故选E。E项中的“that character”与本段主题句中的“my favorite character”相呼应,E项中的“appeals to you”与本段主题句中的“my favorite”对应。
39.F 细节句。空前“So seek out something new.”建议我们去寻找新鲜的事情,空后“Or it can be dramatic, like borrowing a bike and riding it to school.”举例说明可以借一辆自行车,骑车去上学,由此可推知,设空处与空后句都是对“新鲜的事情”的举例说明。F项(它可以很简单,比如走一条新的路线去学校。)符合语境,与下文为选择关系。由下文中的Or可知此处是给出了两种方案,Or是关键词,且F项与Or后边的内容句式一致,都是“it can be...like...”结构,故选F。
40.D 主旨句。设空处是本段的主题句。根据下文主要内容可知,本段建议在面临挑战时想想自己最喜欢的英雄,D项(当你需要动力时,想想你心目中的英雄。)可概括本段的大意,符合语境,故选D。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Devi 在学校到当地游泳池的实地考察的活动中,因为不会游泳产生了恐惧心理,最后在游泳教练的帮助下,她克服了对游泳的恐惧并大胆尝试的故事。
41.C 根据前文“Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life.”可知,Devi从没有上过游泳课,说明学校到当地游泳池的实地考察对她来说是一个挑战。故选C。
42.A 根据前文“The first time Devi went with her class to the pool”可知,Devi 第一次和她的同学一起去游泳池,由此推断出她不知道即将经历什么,have no idea为固定搭配,意为“不知道”,符合语境。故选A。
43.D 根据后文“and held onto the side of the pool”可知,Devi 当时是一边抓着泳池的边缘一边滑进水中。故选D。
44.B 根据后文“with her feet”可知,Devi 想用脚触碰泳池底部。故选B。
45.B 根据后文“Devi soon 46 the cement ledge to prevent herself drowning.(Devi 很快……水泥平台以防溺水)”可知,她沉入水下是因为手放开了。故选B。
46.A 根据后文“the cement ledge”及常识可知,她抓住了水泥平台以防溺水。故选A。
47.C 根据后文“but she had to 50 her fear”可知,Devi在第一次游泳时感到恐惧。故选C。
48.C 根据后文“that Devi was upset”可知,母亲注意到了Devi 的沮丧。故选C。
49.D 根据常识可知,恐惧会让人对合理的事情也产生怀疑。故选D。
50.B 根据后文“when the time came to take her first lesson”可知,Devi去上了她的第一节游泳课,她克服了恐惧。故选B。
51.A 此处指情况比之前更严重,应用still表示程度,意为“还要,更”。故选A。
52.B 根据前文“I'm 13, and I'm taking lessons with all little kids!”可知,Devi 觉得和小孩一起上课是一件可笑的事情。故选B。
53.D 根据后文“now I'm a swimming teacher”可知,Angela是Devi 的教练。故选D。
54.A 根据后文“She couldn't help but smile”可知,Devi 感到放松了。故选A。
55.C 根据前文“she just sat on a bench, too embarrassed to try again”可知,Devi 第一次游泳失败了,她不敢继续尝试,现在听了教练的话,她认为她一定会乐于尝试。故选C。
第二节
语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国将发布世界上第一个高保真的虚拟大熊猫以及它将要居住的一个类似宇宙的世界,让游客可以在手机上进行了解。
56.where 考查定语从句。句意:中国林业和草原局宣布,中国将发布世界上第一个高保真的虚拟大熊猫以及它将要居住的一个类似宇宙的世界。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词为world,设空处在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
57.being given 考查非谓语动词和语态。句意:这只数字大熊猫在被赋予人工智能生命后,将能够在这个类似宇宙的世界中与人类互动。介词after后接动名词作宾语,且panda与give之间为被动关系,此处应用动名词的被动形式,故填being given。
58.themselves 考查反身代词。句意:在它上线后,公众可以通过手机沉浸在大熊猫的栖息地里,了解它们的生活习惯和居住环境。分析句子结构可知,此处指代空前的the public,主语和宾语一样,指人们自己,应用they的反身代词themselves作宾语,故填themselves。
59.is aimed 考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:这一数字项目旨在讲述中国国家公园最重要物种的故事,包括大熊猫、金丝猴、亚洲象和东北虎,它也是一种向世界展示中国在生物多样性方面所做出的努力的创造性的方式。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语,此处陈述客观事实,结合后文的and it is可知,应用一般现在时。be aimed at为固定搭配,意为“旨在”,则主语The digital project与aim之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语为单数,故填is aimed。
60.to show 考查非谓语动词。此处应用不定式作way的后置定语,固定搭配a way to do意为“做……的方式”,故填to show。
61.Besides 考查介词。句意:除此之外,人工智能也被成功用于其他地方。根据语境可知,此处的this指代上文提到的数字项目,数字项目属于人工智能的应用,下文介绍了人工智能的其他应用,由此可知此处应用介词Besides(除了……以外),表示除了上文提到的用途外,人工智能还有其他用途,故填Besides。注意句首单词首字母要大写。
62.automatically 考查副词。句意:它被用来自动识别和分析每三个月在国家公园拍摄的10万张关于雪豹踪迹的照片,将识别的准确率提高到98%,同时也增强了保护措施的有效性。此处修饰动词identify和analyze,应用副词作状语;automatically意为“自动地”,符合语境,故填automatically。
63.accuracy 考查名词。句意同上。此处作increasing的宾语,应用名词形式;accuracy意为“准确性”,符合语境,故填accuracy。
64.strengthening 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据空前的and可知,空处与increasing并列,在句中作结果状语,应用现在分词,故填strengthening。
联想拓展
非谓语动词作结果状语的区别:
(1)现在分词作结果状语:表示谓语动词所带来的自然而然的结果或意料中的结果。
例:It rained heavily, causing great damage.大雨滂沱,造成了很大损害。
(2)动词不定式作结果状语:表示意料之外的、令人不快的结果。不定式前常加上only,以加强语气,也可用于一些固定结构,如too...to...、enough to...等。
例:They reached the company out of breath only to be told they were fired. 他们上气不接下气地赶到公司,不料却被告知他们被开除了。
65.a 考查冠词。句意:国家林业和草原局也推出了VR解决方案,这让人们在手机上参观中国的东北虎豹国家公园成了现实。固定短语make...a reality意为“将……变成现实”,此处泛指“一个事实”,应用不定冠词,且reality以辅音音素开头,故填a。
第四部分 写作
第一节
写作指导
One possible version:
Notice
In order to learn to appreciate different cultures and promote the friendship between students from the two countries, an exchange meeting with the theme of sports in China and Africa will be held in our school next Friday.【点明主题】
As planned, the meeting will last about two hours. First, both sides will introduce their various sports activities to each other by showing pictures or videos about sports. Then, some students will interact with the guests. Now we call on students who like sports to join in the meeting to perform your skills on the scene.【活动安排】
Don't miss the chance where you can show your gifts for sports. Looking forward to your participation.【表达期待】
The Student Union
佳作亮点
1.重点词汇
①appreciate v.欣赏
②promote v.促进
③exchange n.交流
④various adj.各种各样的
⑤interact with与……互动
⑥perform v.表现
⑦participation n.参加
2.精彩句式
①As planned, the meeting will last about two hours. (运用了as引导的状语从句的省略)按照计划,会议将持续约两个小时。
②Now we call on students who like sports to join in the meeting to perform your skills on the scene. (运用了who引导的定语从句) 现在我们呼吁喜欢运动的同学们加入到会议中来,在现场展现你的技能。
第二节
写作指导
1.分析冲突点,预设故事结尾。
故事人物 Jordan Eastman, Alice, Jordan Eastman's dad and mom, Danny, Tom and Izzy, principal
情节分析 The Harvestfest contest would be held on Friday and all students would show up in their self-made costumes. Inspired by Alice, Jordan decorated his wheelchair with the cardboard box.
预设结尾 Jordan won the Harvestfest contest.
2.分析段首句,确定写作思路。
第一段首句内容“Jordan的目光落在箱子上,他笑着说:‘它和我的轮椅很配。’” 根据第一段首句推测第一段可描写他如何把他的想法付诸实践。 梳理情节 情节示例
Jordan如何用纸板箱装扮轮椅 Jordan用纸板箱装扮轮椅的过程。
母亲是否提供了帮助 母亲提供建议和帮助,协助Jordan装扮轮椅。
第二段首句内容“很快就到了周五晚上,Jordan迫不及待地要展示他的服装。” 根据第二段首句推测第二段可描写比赛现场的情况。 梳理情节 情节示例
大家对Jordan的服装的反应如何 大家一致赞赏Jordan的创意。
Jordan是否赢得比赛的冠军 Jordan赢得比赛的冠军,并由校长颁发奖励。
One possible version:
Jordan's eyes fell on the box and he smiled, “It's perfect...with my wheelchair.”Seeing the puzzled look on his mum's face, Jordan quickly told her the design of his new costume—MaxMag and his car. She smiled and gave him a thumbs-up. “No time to wait! Let's get started!” exclaimed his dad who just went in. For two nights, they cut, pasted, folded and unfolded the box; they drew on it and colored it to make it look like a real car; and they glued the old MaxMag costume onto it. When the new costume was finally ready, Jordan tried it on several times and continued to make necessary changes until satisfied.
Soon it was Friday night, and Jordan couldn't wait to show his costume. When he wheeled himself into the party, he immediately spotted the three MaxMags. When they saw him, they couldn't believe it. “The MaxMag and his car That's awesome!” Danny's eyes lit up. “The wheels of your chair are just perfect!” said Tom. “You even have the headlights! It's so cool,” Izzy pointed to the front. Jordan beamed, “Thanks!” When it was time to announce the winner, Jordan joined his friends on the stage. “The winner of this year's Harvestfest costume contest is...” the principal paused to read the name, “Jordan Eastman!” Everyone clapped. “See You just need to be creative!” Alice said. “You mean think outside the box!” Jordan patted on the flaming red car attached to his chair, with an iconic MaxMag smile.
佳作亮点
1.重点词汇
①puzzled adj.困惑的
②exclaim v.呼喊
③satisfied adj.满意的
④awesome adj.极好的
⑤light up露出吃惊的表情; 露出喜色
⑥attach...to... 把……固定在……上
2.精彩句式
When the new costume was finally ready, Jordan tried it on several times and continued to make necessary changes until satisfied.(When引导时间状语从句;“until satisfied”为状语从句的省略,补全后为“until he was satisfied”)当新服装最终准备好时,Jordan试穿了几次并不断进行必要的改变,直到他满意为止。
