Unit 4 An old man tried to move the mountains. 单元核心素养培优卷（含答案解析）-2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语鲁教版（五四学制）

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2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语单元核心素养培优卷鲁教版
（五四学制）Unit 4 An old man tried to move the mountains.
本试卷共9页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
An artist painted many pictures of great beauty. But he found that he had not yet painted a “real” picture.
He began his trip to look 1 the most beautiful thing in the world. On the way, he met an old priest (牧师) who asked him 2 he was going. “I don’t know”, said the artist. “I want to 3 the most beautiful thing in the world. Perhaps you can tell me something about it.” “How easy!” the priest 4 . “In the church (教堂), you will find it—‘Faith (信仰)’ is the most beautiful thing in the world.”
The 5 traveled on. Later, a young mother with a baby in her arms told him the most beautiful thing is “Love”. “Love” makes the world go round. 6 there is no love, there is no beauty.
Still the artist 7 his trip. He asked a soldier (士兵) the same question and his answer was “Peace”. He said, “War is ugly and wherever you find (a) 8 , you will find beauty, faith and love.”
“But how can I paint 9 of them—Faith, Love and Peace ” He thought and thought. He was so 10 that without thinking where he was going, he had got to his own home. In the faces of his wife and children, he 11 Love and Faith. “We are thinking of you 12 ,” said his wife. “We 13 you would come back to us safely (安全).” The artist sat on his favorite old chair and 14 heart was at peace.
The artist painted the most beautiful thing in the world and called it 15 . Do you agree with him
1．A．for B．at C．up D．after
2．A．why B．where C．when D．how
3．A．have B．paint C．buy D．sell
4．A．replied B．asked C．promised D．wondered
5．A．wife B．child C．priest D．artist
6．A．Though B．If C．But D．Unless
7．A．came on B．went on C．got on D．put on
8．A．church B．mother C．painting D．peace
9．A．all B．any C．some D．both
10．A．sad B．quiet C．surprised D．angry
11．A．shared B．heard C．knew D．saw
12．A．all the time B．at one time C．in no time D．at that time
13．A．watched B．hoped C．remembered D．found
14．A．their B．its C．his D．her
15．A．Peace B．Faith C．Love D．Home
二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
A
This is a story about a monkey. An old man had a monkey. The old man liked it very much. The monkey was very clever. When birds came to the garden, he drove them away. He also helped the old man in many other ways.
One hot afternoon in summer, the old man was asleep in his chair in the garden. A fly (苍蝇) came and sat on the end of the old man’s nose. The monkey drove it away. Soon the fly came back again and sat on the old man’s nose again. Again the monkey drove it away. Again and again, the monkey became very angry. He jumped up and ran to pick a large stone. When the fly was on the old man’s nose again, the monkey hit it hard with the stone (石头). The fly fell off, but the old man’s nose was broken (坏的).
Well, many people, even our friends, sometimes do things just like the monkey. They do things too quickly, but they don’t think much before they do. Maybe they sometimes bring us trouble, though they mean to do something good.
16．The monkey _________ .
A．could do a lot of things for the old man B．was ready to help others
C．drove the children away from the garden D．fell asleep in the garden
17．What happened when the old man was asleep
A．A lot of birds came into the garden. B．The monkey was looking for a stone.
C．A fly came and sat on the old man’s nose. D．The monkey was busy doing housework.
18．The monkey got angry because __________.
A．he couldn’t carry a stone B．he couldn’t drive the fly away
C．his stone didn’t hit the old man’s nose D．he was afraid of the birds
19．What’s the result of this story
A．The old man’s nose was broken. B．The old man still slept.
C．The old man hit the fly dead by himself. D．The fly flew away.
20．What can we learn from this story
A．The monkey cannot help us at all. B．Don’t get angry at any time.
C．We can hit the flies with a big stone. D．We must think carefully before we do things.
B
At times, everything is going to go south on you. Maybe you can try your best to work out the problem. Maybe you have to accept that. You’re going to say, “This is it.” “This is how I end.”
Let’s read two stories about the super heroes from different countries. What did they do for their goals
________
Once upon a time, the youngest daughter of Emperor Yan, went boating on the Eastern Sea. While she was enjoying herself, a strong wind rose on the sea, and her boat sank to the sea. She turned into a beautiful bird after she died. She cried sadly in the sound “Jingwei, Jingwei”. That was why people called her “Jingwei”.
The bird lived on a mountain near the sea. She decided to fill up the sea. Every day, she flew between the mountain and the sea, carrying a stone or a tree branch from the mountain and dropping it into the sea.
One day, the sea said to Jingwei, “Poor little bird, stop doing that meaningless thing! You’ll never fill me up.” Jingwei replied, “I’ll fill you up no doubt! I will, even if it will take me thousands of years! I’ll fight on without taking a rest.”
Robinson Crusoe
Robinson Crusoe is the main character from a book named Robinson Crusoe.
When Robinson first arrived on the island (岛), he had nothing. But soon he found the ship! He made a small boat to get to the ship and brought back many things he could use—food and drinks, tools, knives and guns. He almost lost everything, but he didn’t lose his life. He kept working and waiting for another ship. He used the knife to cut down trees and built a house. He went with his gun almost every day to kill animals for food. He learned to grow fruit and vegetables. He lived on the island for many years. He was saved and returned to England finally.
21．What is the name of the first story
A．The Story of Emperor Yan B．Yugong Moves a Mountain
C．Jingwei Tries to Fill up the Sea D．Monkey King visits the Eastern Sea
22．Why did people call the beautiful bird “Jingwei”
A．“Jingwei” stood for her past life.
B．She cried sadly in the sound “Jingwei”.
C．Her father gave her the name “Jingwei”.
D．The hill where she lived was called “Jingwei”.
23．Where did Robinson get the tools and knives
A．On the island. B．From the ship.
C．In the boat to England. D．At his tree house.
24．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The sea thought Jingwei was doing a meaningful thing.
B．It took Jingwei hundreds of years to fill up the sea with stones.
C．There was food and drinks on the island when Robinson first got there.
D．Robinson supported himself by hunting animals and growing vegetables.
25．What can we learn from the two stories
A．Never give up. B．Safety comes first.
C．Keep away from difficulties. D．Never too old to learn.
C
Once a king got two nice falcons (猎鹰) from his son. He had never seen such beautiful falcons. before. He loved them so much and he ordered the best falconer to train them to fly.
After several months, the king came to see how the training was going on. He found that one falcon had already been able to fly high in the sky, while the other was staying on the branch (树枝) of a tree quietly, just keeping still.
The king called all his falconers together and ordered them to try every way they could to make the other falcon fly ________. One day, while the king was taking a walk in the forest, an idea came to his mind. Maybe someone who knew the natural environment well could solve this problem. He sent for a farmer who lived in the forest into his palace to train it at once.
The next morning, the king saw the other falcon flying above in the sky freely. “It is unbelievable!” shouted the king. “How could you make it happen ”
The farmer replied, “It’s very easy. I just cut off the branch where the falcon rested.”
It is always the same to human beings. We all have “two flying wings” in our hearts as well, but we often seem not to notice them and stay where we just for safety and comfort. We won’t realize we can fly so high and freely until the “branch” we are resting on breaks.
26．What did the king do after he got the two falcons
A．He kept them on the branch of a tree. B．He sent them to a farmer in the forest.
C．He made the best falconer train them to fly. D．He set them free and let them fly in the sky.
27．Why did the king call all his falconers together
A．Because he wanted to get more falcons.
B．Because he wanted the other falcon to fly.
C．Because he wanted them to see his falcons.
D．Because he wanted to know more about his falcons.
28．Which sentence can be put in the ________
A．And he made it. B．The other falcon was very clever.
C．But none of them succeeded. D．The king was very angry.
29．How did the king feel when he saw the other falcon fly freely in the sky
A．Excited. B．Moved. C．Worried. D．Relaxed.
30．What can we learn from the passage
A．The importance of providing safety and comfort to succeed.
B．The necessity of cutting off branches to make falcons fly.
C．The ease of training falcons, to fly high.
D．The value of facing fears and challenges.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Long time ago, there was a man. He had a very nice axe (斧头). He would clean it carefully every time he finished cutting wood (木头). 31
One day, when he was going to cut wood, the man couldn’t find his axe. 32 He looked for it everywhere but couldn’t find it.
“Did you bring it back yesterday ” his wife asked. “Of course I did,” the man replied. Suddenly, he thought of something. “I saw our neighbor’s son walk past our house yesterday. He must have taken the axe,” he said. 33 He watched how the boy walked, thinking he was walking like a thief (小偷). He watched how the boy talked and believed he talked like a thief.
His wife said. “You shouldn’t suspect (怀疑) others without reason.” 34 When he was cutting wood in the forest another day, he found his axe! It turned out that he had left it there.
35 He also felt very ashamed (羞愧的). When he saw the neighbor’s son again, he didn’t think the boy looked like a thief.
The story tells us that we should always respect (尊重) facts.
A．It was lost!
B．The man was happy.
C．It was pretty important to him.
D．So he cut more wood in the forests.
E．However, the man didn’t listen to his wife at all.
F．From then on, the man watched the boy’s every action.
三、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．Last week, the teacher told us that all roads (lead) to Rome.
37．Suzy cut out a picture of colourful flowers and (stick) it on the card.
38．What a hot day! The sun is (shine) so brightly that I can’t open my eyes.
39．This flower is very expensive because it is made of (golden).
40．Their (wife) work in the same hospital.
41．It was a nice day and the sun (照耀) brightly.
42．I was (兴奋的) to hear that Shenzhou-16 came back successfully.
43．The culture in (西方的) countries is quite different from that in China.
44．As we all know, smoking can (导致) to health problems.
45．One will fail the exam (除非) he studies hard.
四、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
46．河水污染严重，水中不再有鱼了。
The river was polluted badly and there was fish in the water.
47．那个男孩够勇敢，敢在夜里独自一个人在山中走。
The boy walk in the mountain alone at night.
48．美猴王可以把自己变成不同的动物。
The Monkey King is able to himself different animals.
49．除非你诚实友好，否则你是无法交朋友的。
You make friends honest and kind.
50．许多孩子一到医院门口就会感到紧张。
Many children will feel nervous they go near the gate of the hospital.
五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。
good how way agree until we take happily harder behind
The Wind and the Sun were arguing (争吵) which was stronger. Then they saw a traveler coming down the road, and the Sun said, “Now I have a 51 to decide who is stronger. Let’s see which of 52 can make that traveler take off (脱下) his cloak (斗篷). If you do it, I will 53 you are better than me. You begin.”
“It’s a piece of cake (小菜一碟),” The Wind said 54 .
After hearing this, the Sun smiled and went 55 the clouds, and the Wind began to blow as hard as he could on the traveler. But the 56 he blew, the more closely the traveler wrapped (包裹) his cloak around him, 57 in the end, the Wind was so tired that he couldn’t keep on.
The Wind had to give up (放弃). He wanted to know 58 the Sun could make it. The Wind said, “Show me if you can do it.”
Then the Sun came out and tried his 59 to shine all his heat (热) and light on the traveler. A few minutes later, the traveler felt really hot, so he 60 off his cloak. Who is stronger, do you know
六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Three Parrots of Baghdad
In the bustling marketplace of Baghdad, where spices perfumed the air and carpets gleamed with gold, a 61 (travel) stopped at a bird seller’s stall. There, three parrots 62 (stand) on wooden perches. The first parrot cost five thousand gold coins, the second one, ten thousand gold coins; and the 63 (three) one, thirty thousand gold coins.
“Oh, wise merchant,” the traveler asked, “How come this guy is five thousand gold coins It's so expensive 64 this kind of parrot.”
“Because I have trained 65 (he) and he can talk,” said the merchant.
“How about this guy ” the traveler asked in surprise, “What can he do 66 makes him more expensive ”
“Well, apart from 67 (talk),” replied the merchant, “he can also do some amusing actions, 68 dancing.”
“And the third one ” the traveler asked, “What magic does he have that makes him 69 (expensive) among them ”
The merchant lowered his voice, “I don’t know. Normally, I have never heard him talk, nor dance, nor whistle, nor sing. Nothing at all! 70 the other two call him ‘The Master’.”
So the traveler learned: True greatness needs no proof, for even silence commands respect.
七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
Then she saw another door, only fifteen inches high. A little golden key unlocked this door easily, but of course Alice couldn’t get through it—she was much too big. Kneeling down, she looked through the open door, into the loveliest garden she had ever seen, with bright flowers and shady trees.
She said to herself sadly, “How I wish I could be there—not in this dark hallway. If only I could shrink!” The day had already been so strange that Alice began to think anything was possible.
After a while she locked the door and returned to the glass table. When she put the key down, she saw a little bottle on the table labeled “DRINK ME”. (“I’m sure it wasn’t here before,” said Alice).
Being sensible, Alice hesitated—“Can it be poisonous What will it do to me ” Curiously, she took a tiny sip. It was nice, like cherries, custard, and toasted bread. So she drank a little more...then finished it all.
“What a strange feeling!” said Alice. “I’m shrinking.” Sure enough, she grew smaller and smaller until she was only ten inches tall. Now she thought excitedly, “I can get through to that garden.”
71．What did Alice see through the little door
72．Why couldn’t Alice get through the open door
73．What was the use of the little bottle
74．Was Alice shorter than the little door at last
75．Where would Alice be at last
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
76．同学们对《愚公移山》的故事一定有着比较深刻的印象。请根据所学的内容及以下提示，以“The Story of Yu Gong”为题，把这个故事用英语简要叙述一下，并谈一谈你从故事中学到了什么。
要求：
1.用以上提示，丰富内容；
2.书写规范，逻辑清晰；
3.100 词左右。
提示词：move the mountains, Zhi Sou, sons, grandsons, continue, god, be moved, help
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位画家不断寻找世界上最美丽的东西，最后发现自己的家才是最美的东西。
1．句意：他开始了寻找世界上最美丽事物的旅程。
for为了；at在；up向上；after在……之后。根据“He began his trip”可推断，他旅行是为了“寻找”美丽的事物，look for“寻找”，动词短语。故选A。
2．句意：在路上，他遇到了一位牧师，牧师问他要去哪里。
why为什么；where哪里；when什么时候；how如何。根据“‘I don’t know,’ said the artist. ‘I want to ... the most beautiful thing in the world.’”可知，牧师是在询问他的去向。故选B。
3．句意：我想画出世界上最美的事物。
have有；paint画；buy购买；sell出售。根据全文可知，艺术家是一名画家，他正在寻找最美的事物以绘制一幅画，因此应选 paint。故选B。
4．句意：“多简单啊！”牧师回答道。
replied回答；asked询问；promised承诺；wondered想知道。根据“Perhaps you can tell me something about it.”可推断，牧师是在回答艺术家的问题。故选A。
5．句意：这位艺术家继续了他的旅行。
wife妻子；child孩子；priest牧师；artist艺术家。根据“An artist”可知，本文主人公是一位艺术家，所以此处指的是“艺术家”继续他的旅行。故选D。
6．句意：如果没有爱，就没有美。
Though尽管；If如果；But但是；Unless除非。结合空格所在句可知，该句为if引导的条件状语从句。故选B。
7．句意：艺术家继续他的旅行。
came on加油；went on继续；got on上车；put on穿上。根据“He asked a soldier (士兵) the same question and his answer was ‘Peace’”可推断，艺术家仍然在寻找最美的事物，所以用 went on 表示“继续”。故选B。
8．句意：士兵告诉他，战争是丑陋的，任何你找到和平的地方，你都会发现美、信仰和爱。
church教堂；mother母亲；painting画作；peace和平。根据“He asked a soldier (士兵) the same question and his answer was ‘Peace’”可知，他认为“和平”是最美的事物之一。故选D。
9．句意：但他如何画出所有这些事物——信仰、爱和和平呢？
all所有的；any任何的；some一些；both两者。根据后文的列举 Faith, Love and Peace，可知此处指“所有这些事物”。故选A。
10．句意：令他吃惊的是，他想都没想要去哪儿，就回到了自己的家。
sad伤心的；quiet安静的；surprised惊讶的；angry生气的。根据“without thinking where he was going, he had got to his own home”可推断，他没要去哪但是却回到了家，这是令他“惊讶的”。故选 C。
11．句意：在他妻子和孩子的脸上，他看到了爱和信仰。
shared分享；heard听到；knew知道；saw看到。根据“In the faces of his wife and children”可知，画家应该是“看”他家人的脸。故选D。
12．句意：“我们一直在想着你。”他的妻子说。
all the time一直；at one time曾经；in no time立刻；at that time在那时。根据“he saw Love and Faith”可推断，他的妻子是在表达他们始终思念着艺术家。故选A。
13．句意：我们希望你能安全地回到我们身边。
watched观看；hoped希望；remembered记得；found发现。根据“you would come back to us safely”可推断，此处表达的是“希望”艺术家平安归来。故选B。
14．句意：艺术家坐在他最喜欢的椅子上，他的心感到平静。
their他们的；its它的；his他的；her她的。此处指代的是“艺术家”的心，所以应用 his。故选C。
15．句意：艺术家画出了世界上最美的事物，并将其命名为家。
Peace和平；Faith信仰；Love爱；Home家。根据“he artist sat on his favorite old chair and his heart was at peace.”可推断，艺术家最终认识到，最美的事物就是自己的家。故选D。
16．A 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文讲述了一只聪明的猴子在帮助老人赶苍蝇时，因行动过于冲动反而造成了老人的伤害，从而提醒人们做事需三思而后行。
16．细节理解题。根据“He also helped the old man in many other ways.”可知，猴子能为老人做很多事。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“One hot afternoon in summer, the old man was asleep in his chair in the garden. A fly (苍蝇) came and sat on the end of the old man’s nose.”可知，老人睡觉时一只苍蝇落在他鼻子上。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“Soon the fly came back again and sat on the old man’s nose again. Again the monkey drove it away. Again and again, the monkey became very angry.”可知，猴子生气是因为赶不走苍蝇。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“The fly fell off, but the old man’s nose was broken (坏的).”可知，结果是老人的鼻子被打破了。故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据“They do things too quickly, but they don’t think much before they do. Maybe they sometimes bring us trouble, though they mean to do something good. (他们做事太快，但在行动之前他们不会考虑太多。也许他们有时给我们带来麻烦，虽然他们的意思是做一些好事。)”可知，这个故事告诉我们做事前要仔细思考。故选D。
21．C 22．B 23．B 24．D 25．A
【导语】本文讲述了两个人的英雄事迹，告诉大家遇到困难不能放弃。
21．推理判断题。通过阅读第一个故事的内容可以知道，讲述了精卫填海的故事。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“She cried sadly in the sound ‘Jingwei, Jingwei’. That was why people called her ‘Jingwei’.”可知她的哭声是“精卫，精卫”，所以人们称她为精卫。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“He made a small boat to get to the ship and brought back many things he could use—food and drinks, tools, knives and guns.”可知这些工具是从船上获得的。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据“He went with his gun almost every day to kill animals for food. He learned to grow fruit and vegetables.”可知鲁滨逊靠打猎和种菜谋生。故选D。
25．推理判断题。通读全文可知，精卫填海和鲁滨逊漂流记的故事告诉我们遇到困难不能放弃。故选A。
26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文告诉我们当失去安全而舒适的环境时，我们可以飞得更高，更自由。
26．细节理解题。根据“He loved them so much and he ordered the best falconer to train them to fly.”可知，国王让最好的训练师来训练猎鹰飞翔。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“The king called all his falconers together and ordered them to try every way they could to make the other falcon fly”可知，国王召集所有驯鹰师是希望让另一只猎鹰飞起来。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据“while the other was staying on the branch (树枝) of a tree quietly, just keeping still.”和“Maybe someone who knew the natural environment well could solve this problem”可推断，国王的驯鹰师都没有成功让另一只猎鹰飞起来。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据“The next morning, the king saw the other falcon flying above in the sky freely. ‘It is unbelievable!’ shouted the king.”可知，当国王看到另一只猎鹰自由飞翔时，他感到非常震惊和兴奋。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。根据“but we often seem not to notice them and stay where we just for safety and comfort. We won’t realize we can fly so high and freely until the ‘branch’ we are resting on breaks.”可知，通过这个故事，我们可以认识到迎接挑战和面对恐惧的重要性。故选D。
31．C 32．A 33．F 34．E 35．B
【导语】本文讲述了一个关于误会与反思的故事。一个人丢失了心爱的斧头，误以为是邻居的儿子偷走了，便开始怀疑对方的行为。直到他找回斧头后，才意识到自己的错误，并感到羞愧。故事告诉我们，应该尊重事实，不要轻易怀疑他人。
31．根据前文“He would clean it carefully every time he finished cutting wood.”可知，这个人非常珍惜他的斧头，因此选项C“对他来说相当重要”符合语境，说明斧头对他很重要。故选C。
32．根据前文“the man couldn’t find his axe”和后文“He looked for it everywhere but couldn’t find it.”可知，斧头丢失了，选项A“它丢了！”符合语境。故选A。
33．根据后文“He watched how the boy walked, thinking he was walking like a thief.”可知，这个人开始观察邻居儿子的行为，选项F“从那时起，这个人观察男孩的每一个动作”符合语境。故选F。
34．根据前文“You shouldn’t suspect others without reason”和后文“When he was cutting wood in the forest another day, he found his axe!”可知，这个人没有听妻子的劝告，选项E“然而，这个人完全没有听妻子的话”符合语境。故选E。
35．根据后文“He also felt very ashamed.”可知，这个人找到了斧头后感到高兴，选项B“这个人很高兴”符合语境。故选B。
36．lead
【解析】句意：上周，老师告诉我们，条条大路通罗马。根据句意可知，该句是谚语“条条道路通罗马”，时态为一般现在时，结合所给词可知，lead“连通”，动词原形，该句主语是all roads，所以此处应该用动词原形lead，作谓语。故填lead。
37．stuck
【解析】句意：苏西剪下一幅五颜六色的花的图画，并把它贴在卡片上。分析句子结构可知，空处与“cut”为并列谓语；主语为“Suzy”，根据谓语动词“cut”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，此处用过去式形式stuck。故填stuck。
38．shining
【解析】句意：天真热啊！阳光太刺眼导致我睁不开眼睛。根据“so brightly that I can’t open my eyes.”判断可知，这句话是现在进行时，故填shining。
39．gold
【解析】句意：这支花很贵，因为它是黄金做成的。golden“金色的，金的”，形容词，空处作宾语，表示材质，用名词gold“黄金”。故填gold。
40．wives
【解析】句意：他们的妻子在同一家医院工作。根据their可知，此空应填可数名词复数形式，故填wives。
41．shone
【解析】句意：那天天气很好，阳光灿烂。“照耀”的英文是“shine”，根据句中“It was a nice day”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“shine”的过去式为“shone”，在句子中作谓语。故填shone。
42．excited
【解析】句意：我很兴奋听到神舟十六号成功返回。excited“兴奋的”，形容词作表语，修饰人。故填excited。
43．western
【解析】句意：西方国家的文化与中国的文化大不相同。西方的：western，在句子中作定语，修饰名词“countries”，且“western countries”为固定搭配，意为“西方国家”，符合语境。故填western。
44．lead
【解析】句意：众所周知，吸烟会导致健康问题。根据汉语提示可知，此处为lead“导致”，can为情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填lead。
45．unless
【解析】句意：除非他努力学习，否则考试就会失败。根据汉语提示可知，空处填连词unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句。故填unless。
46．no more
【解析】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“不再有”，“no more”表示“不再”，修饰名词“fish”，符合“there be+no more+名词”的结构，能准确表达“水中不再有鱼”的意思。故填no；more。
47．is brave enough to
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处表达的意思是“够勇敢，敢……”。“够……做某事”常用结构为“be+形容词+enough to do sth.”，“勇敢的”为“brave”，句子主语“The boy”为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，故be动词用“is”，“enough”放在形容词“brave”之后，最后接不定式“to walk”。故填is；brave；enough；to。
48．turn into
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺“把……变成……”，“把……变成……”在英语中常用固定搭配“turn...into...”，符合句子中“美猴王把自己变成不同动物”的表达，且“be able to”后接动词原形。故填turn；into。
49．can’t unless you are
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺“无法”和“除非你是”。“无法”对应“can’t”，符合语境；“除非”用“unless”表达，引导条件状语从句，从句中“你是”需用“you are”，语法上需保持完整。故填can’t；unless；you；are。
50．as soon as
【解析】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“一……就……”，“as soon as”是固定短语，用来引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作紧接着发生。故填as；soon；as。
51．way 52．us 53．agree 54．happily 55．behind 56．harder 57．until 58．how 59．best 60．took
【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，讲述了太阳和风比赛谁更强大的故事。
51．句意：现在我有个方法来决定谁更强大。根据“to decide who is stronger”可知，此处指决定谁更强大的方法，结合备选词，way“方式，方法”，符合语境，空前有不定冠词a，此处用单数。故填way。
52．句意：让我们来看看我们两个中谁能让那个旅行者脱下他的斗篷。根据“Let’s see which of...”可知，此处指看看我们两个中谁能做到这件事，结合备选词，we“我们”，符合语境，此处作介词of的宾语，需要用宾格形式。故填us。
53．句意：如果你能做到，我就同意你比我强。根据“you are better than me”可知，此处指对于“你比我强”这件事的态度，结合备选词，agree“同意”，符合语境，空前有will，此处用原形。故填agree。
54．句意：风开心地说。根据“It’s a piece of cake”可知，此处指风说话时的方式是很有信心的，结合备选词，happily“开心地”，符合语境。故填happily。
55．句意：听到这话后，太阳微笑着躲到了云层后，风开始尽可能地用力吹向旅行者。根据“the clouds”可知，此处指太阳说完话就躲到了云层后面，结合备选词，behind“在……后面”，符合语境。故填behind。
56．句意：但是风吹得越猛烈，旅行者就把斗篷裹得越紧。根据“...the more closely...”可知，此处指风吹的越猛烈，旅行者就把斗篷裹得越紧，结合备选词，hard“努力地，猛烈的”，符合语境，此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型，意为“越……越……”。故填harder。
57．句意：直到最后，风太累了，再也吹不动了。根据“in the end”可知，此处指直到最后，结合备选词，until“直到”。故填until。
58．句意：他想知道太阳如何能做到。根据“Show me if you can do it.”可知，此处指风想看太阳如何做，结合备选词，how“怎样”，符合语境。故填how。
59．句意：然后太阳出来了，尽他所能地将所有的热量和光芒照射到旅行者身上。try one’s best“尽力”，固定搭配。故填best。
60．句意：几分钟后，旅行者感觉非常热，于是他脱下了斗篷。根据“the traveler felt really hot”可知，此处指旅行者由于热脱下外套，结合备选词，take off“脱下”，符合语境，结合上文可知，本文用一般过去时，动词需要使用过去式。故填took。
61．traveler 62．stood 63．third 64．for 65．him 66．that 67．talking 68．like 69．the most expensive 70．But
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，记述了一个旅人在繁华的巴格达市场，来到一个卖鹦鹉的店，因好奇而询问商人，为何三个鹦鹉一只比一只卖得贵，并从中领悟道理。
61．句意：在巴格达繁华的市场上，空气中弥漫着香料的香气，地毯上闪烁着金色的光芒，一位旅人停在鸟贩的摊位前。根据“a...stopped at a bird seller’s stall”以及所给单词可知，此处表示一位旅人停在鸟贩的摊位前。traveler“旅人，旅行家”，不定冠词a后面应接单数名词。故填traveler。
62．句意：那儿，三只鹦鹉站在木架上。全文用一般过去时描述，应填所给单词stand“站”的动词过去式stood。故填stood。
63．句意：第一只鹦鹉值五千金币，第二只鹦鹉值一万金币；第三只卖三万金币。根据前文的The first和the second可知，此处指的是第三只鹦鹉，应用three的对应序数词third表示“第三”。故填third。
64．句意：对这种鹦鹉来说太贵了。根据“It's so expensive...this kind of parrot.”可知，应用介词for“就……而言、对……来说”，表示对这种鹦鹉来说太贵了。故填for。
65．句意：因为我训练过它，它会说话。根据“I have trained...”以及所给单词可知，应填人称代词he的宾格形式him“他”，作动词trained的宾语。故填him。
66．句意：他有什么本事，能卖得更贵？根据“What can he do...makes him more expensive ”可知，应填that引导定语从句，修饰先行词what，并在从句中作主语。故填that。
67．句意：“不光会说话，”商人回答说，“他还能做一些有趣的动作，比如跳舞。”介词apart from后面应接名词或动名词作宾语。故填talking。
68．句意：“不光会说话，”商人回答说，“他还能做一些有趣的动作，比如跳舞。”根据“he can also do some amusing actions, ...dancing”可知，应填介词like“像、比如”，用以表示举例说明。故填like。
69．句意：它有什么神奇的本领让他卖得最贵？根据比较的范围“among them”以及所给单词可知，应填形容词expensive的最高级形式“最贵的”，表示在这三个鹦鹉中卖得最贵。故填the most expensive。
70．句意：但另外两只（鹦鹉）都称它为“主人”。根据“Nothing at all.”和“the other two call him ‘The Master’”可知，前后为转折关系，所以用but“但是”，句首首字母大写。故填But。
71．The loveliest garden (she had ever seen with bright flowers and shady trees). 72．Because she was much too big. 73．To make people shrink. 74．Yes, she was. 75．She would go into the garden.
【导语】本文讲述了爱丽丝发现花园门却无法进入，意外喝下魔药后成功缩小身体，从而穿过小门，进入了花园。
71．根据“Kneeling down, she looked through the open door, into the loveliest garden she had ever seen, with bright flowers and shady trees.”可知，Alice通过小门看到了她见过最美的花园，鲜花绚烂，绿树成荫。故填The loveliest garden (she had ever seen with bright flowers and shady trees).
72．根据“A little golden key unlocked this door easily, but of course Alice couldn’t get through it—she was much too big.”可知，Alice不能通过，因为她太大了。故填Because she was much too big.
73．根据“So she drank a little more...then finished it all.”和“I’m shrinking.”可知，Alice喝完饮料后缩小了，因此这瓶饮料能使人缩小。故填To make people shrink.
74．根据“Then she saw another door, only fifteen inches high.”和“she grew smaller and smaller until she was only ten inches tall”可知，最后Alice变成10英寸高，小门是15英寸，因此Alice最后比门矮。故填Yes, she was.
75．根据文章的最后，Alice喝完饮料后说“I can get through to that garden.”可知，Alice最后应该是去了花园。故填She would go into the garden.
76．例文
The Story of Yu Gong
Once upon a time, there lived an old man called Yu Gong. Two high mountains stopped his family from walking to the other side. So Yu Gong decided to move the mountains. Although Yu Gong was old, he decided to move the mountains with his family. Then Yu Gong started digging. At that time, a “clever” man called Zhi Sou laughed at him and told him that it was impossible to move such high mountains. But Yu Gong didn’t listen to him and said that his sons and grandsons would continue to move the mountains after he died. Then a god was moved by Yu Gong, so he sent two gods to help him move the mountains.
The story reminds us that nothing is impossible as long as we work hard. We should not give up.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时” ；
③提示：本文主要是讲述愚公的故事，并谈一谈你从故事中学到了什么，适当增加细节
[写作步骤]
第一步，交代故事发生的背景；
第二步，写清故事发展的经过和结果；
第三步，写读故事后感想和启示。
[亮点词汇]
①once upon a time从前
②decide to do sth.决定做某事
③ as long as只要
[高分句型]
① Although Yu Gong was old, he decided to move the mountains with his family. (although引导的让步状语从句)
② The story reminds us that nothing is impossible as long as we work hard. (that引导的宾语从句，as long as引导的条件状语从句)
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