把握单元素养目标
主题意识 本单元主题围绕“科学家、科学研究与科学精神”展开，介绍了中西方一些伟大科学家的生平、科学研究、重要贡献和科学精神等，旨在激发学生树立远大理想、勤奋学习，努力实现自己的人生价值，做一个有责任、有担当的时代青年。
语法项目 能够在语境中理解并正确运用表语从句。
语言输入 听 能听懂谈论科学探究体验活动的对话，把握对话的核心内容和重要细节。
读 能读懂研究疾病病源的记叙文和人物传记，掌握其行文特点和语言特色。
看 能理解图文、图表和视频中的有效信息。
语言输出 写 能以书面形式写一篇分析科学家的品格和素养及阐述科学精神内涵的短文。
说 能口头叙述自己参与科学探究活动的经历，并描述常见的科学现象。
Section Ⅰ “Reading and Thinking”的课文习读环节
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What is the theme of the text？( )
A．The cure for cholera.
B．The causes of cholera.
C．How John Snow found “King Cholera”．
D．How John Snow defeated “King Cholera”．
文意深度理解
(一)阅读理解
1．Which of the following theories did John Snow believe in？( )
A．People breathed in the bad air infected by the disease.
B．People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.
C．People got infected with cholera because of cold and hunger.
D．People suffered from cholera because they were not clean.
2．What was the key to help for John Snow's discovery？( )
A．The local British government.
B．The woman living in the Broad street.
C．The company offering the water.
D．The map made by himself.
3．At last, “King Cholera” was controlled by ________.( )
A．using medicines in hospital
B．driving patients out of the country
C．dealing with the polluted water
D．getting rid of all kinds of pollution
4．What conclusion did John Snow draw according to the evidence？( )
A．Cholera could never be killed.
B．Cholera multiplied in the water.
C．Polluted water carried the virus.
D．The dangerous gas caused cholera.
5．Where does this text probably come from？( )
A．A science report.
B．A fashion magazine.
C．A book review.
D．A TV interview.
[Tip]
用“内容细节巧判断”法解答文章出处题
对于此类题目，学生可以从各类文章的内容或细节并结合不同类别文章的特点作出判断。如：旅游景点的介绍→travel guide；科普知识→science report；推销介绍新产品→advertisement；文化教育类文章→education section；文章中有click here等网络用语→website；文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称→newspaper；时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→magazine/journal。本文主要讲述了John Snow为战胜霍乱病毒所做的科学研究。故第5题应选A项。
(二)阅读表达
1．What qualities do you need to be a scientist
2．Why was it John Snow, not other doctors, who defeated “King Cholera”？
3．In order not to get infected with disease, what should we pay attention to in our daily life
内化读文技法
本文的语篇类型为叙事记叙文。这类记叙文多以时间顺序或空间顺序来行文。本文属于以时间顺序展开的叙事性记叙文，其暗线是科学家John Snow战胜霍乱病毒的科学研究步骤。读文时可以按照事件发展的开始、中间和结尾三个阶段来理清事件的行文顺序。本文第一段介绍了研究的背景；第二段则是提出问题和假设；第三段是研究过程；第四段是得出结论；第五段指出了John Snow的研究方法对科学家们研究疾病具有现实意义。
(一)赏用词之妙
1．However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
赏析：句中的否定副词never加强了句子的语气， 反映了John Snow的坚毅品格和执着精神。其他表示突出和强调作用的否定副词(短语)还有：not, no, none, nobody, nothing, neither ...nor, nowhere等。
2．Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street.
赏析：句中What is more意为“而且； 更重要的是”，它与前一句是递进关系。作为常用的过渡语，它能很好地推动叙事或故事情节的发展。在本句中，它的使用也表明了John Snow研究的科学严谨性。
仿写训练/翻译句子
①他从未错过任何一个变得更强的机会。
②更重要的是，一些中国著名音乐家将为我们演出。
(二)赏句式之高
1．It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
赏析：句中使用了嵌套式从句，主句使用了“it seemed that ...”式的主语从句，从句中又使用了“so ...that ...”式的结果状语从句。这种嵌套式从句使叙述更加简洁，表意更加严谨。
2．The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
赏析：本句使用了嵌套式从句，主从句中都包含了who引导的定语从句，它们分别修饰先行词The people和those。本句简洁明晰地表明了John Snow的调查结果。
仿写训练
①(句式转换)Seemingly, some students would like to start work early and thus they can help offer their parents better lives.(用嵌套式从句改写)
→________________ some students would like to start work ____________ they can help offer their parents better lives.
②(完成句子)Scientific study shows people ____________________ before taking a math test did better than ____________________________________.
科学研究表明，在数学考试前获得充足睡眠的人比那些通宵学习的人表现得更好。
(三)赏衔接之顺
1．Snow began by marking on a map ...However, ...What is more, ...Accordingly, ...
赏析：文中第三段是John Snow的调查过程，该段使用了“however, what is more, accordingly”等句间衔接语，它们使叙述更有逻辑性，层次更加清晰。
2．Through Snow's tireless efforts, ...However, ...Moreover, ...For this reason, ....
赏析：文中最后一段是调查结果与John Snow取得的成就，该段使用了“however, moreover, for this reason”等句间衔接语，它们使表达富有逻辑，衔接紧密，意思连贯。
(四)赏结尾之翘
Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
赏析：此处是文章的结尾部分，这两句概括了科学家John Snow的伟大成就。叙事记叙文的结尾大都是对人物的成就进行概括性评价。这种方法也可以用于介绍人物的应用文写作。
He was very diligent and also believed that ①________________________________ (天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水)．All these explained ②____________________________ (为什么他有这么多伟大的发明，并且他所做的一切激励着我在工作中发挥创造力)．
科学无国界。我国老一辈科学家从国外学成归来，为新中国的崛起勤奋工作，无私奉献，奋斗不止。他们的事迹可歌可泣、感人至深。其中我国光学之父——王大珩就是一位杰出的代表。现在就让我们一起来看看他感人的事迹和对我国光学事业作出的巨大贡献吧！
Wang Daheng, the Father of Chinese Optics (光学)
In 1949, the field of applied optical science didn't exist in China.Understanding its importance for national strength, the Chinese government paid much attention to optical research.
Wang Daheng, a respected optical physicist, devoted his whole life to this cause.He kept watching on the development of China's first piece of optical glass, first electronic microscope, first laser device, and first large-size optical measuring equipment, and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering.He is called the Father of Chinese Optics.
As a teenager, Wang Daheng often followed his father to the observatory and became greatly interested in the apparatus (仪器) there.In 1936, he graduated from Tsinghua University with a degree in physics.Two years later, he won a government scholarship to study in England.After earning his master's degree from Imperial College London in 1940, he began his doctoral studies in optical physics and technology.
In 1948, Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the West and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering (增强某人的自主权) it through science and technology.At the time China did not have the capability to produce optical measuring equipment on its own.In 1951, Wang was instructed to found an institute of fine mechanics and was appointed its first president.Within less than two years, Wang and his team produced the first group of China-made optical glass.Over the following six years, they went on to develop the country's first electronic microscope, first high-precision theodolite (经纬仪), first optical rangefinder, and five other optical devices, laying the foundation for China's precise optical instrument industry.In 1961, they independently developed the ruby laser in China.In addition to scientific research, Wang advanced the study of optics in higher education.
nuclear bombs, missiles, and man-made satellites.In 1970, China successfully launched the When the satellite returned to Earth, the devices they designed brought back clear images of our home planet as seen from outer space for the first time.
To close the technological gap between China and developed countries, Wang and three other 1986, which led to the famous 863 Program.
In 1992, Wang and a group of other scientists called for the creation of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.In the following years, he won many honors from the state.He passed away in Beijing aged 96 on July 21, 2011 after living a full and fruitful life.
滴水穿石
1．由文积词汇
physicist n． 物理学家
electronic adj. 电子的；电子学的
microscope n. 显微镜
establish v. 建立；创建；确立
institute n. 机构；研究所
higher education 高等教育
hi-tech n. 高科技
2．据文悟句式
句① Starting in the 1960s是动词-ing形式作状语，表示时间； ...related to the development ...是过去分词短语作定语，修饰the optical research。原句可改为：...the optical research which was related to the development ...
句② of which ...the designers是“介词＋which”引导的定语从句，修饰the Dongfanghong Ⅰ satellite。原句可改为：...the Dongfanghong Ⅰ satellite and Wang was one of the designers of it (the Dongfanghong Ⅰ satellite)。
句③ To close the technological gap ...是动词不定式作目的状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，指代上一句的整个内容。
Section Ⅰ
NO.1 精阅读
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.①introduction ②theories ③assumption ④data
⑤truth/cause ⑥method/way ⑦way ⑧epidemiology
Ⅱ.D
文意深度理解
(一)1～5 BDCCA
(二)1.Hard work, courage in the face of challenge, persistence, devotion, passion, patience, creativity, etc.
2．Because John Snow had many great qualities such as “a precise attitude, a strong desire to explore, critical thinking, scientific research methods, creative spirit and so on.”
3．We should do the following right things: drink boiled water, wash our hands in right way, cook raw food thoroughly, heat the food left overnight, deal with the rubbish timely, wear a mask whenever necessary, and so on.
NO.2 美表达
(一)①He has never missed a single chance to become stronger. ②What's more, some famous Chinese musicians will give us performances.
(二)①It seems that; so early that ②who got enough sleep; those who stayed up all night studying
(四)①genius is one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration ②why he had so many great inventions and what he did inspires me to be creative in my work(共79张PPT)
UNIT 1
SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
把握单元 素养目标
主题意识 本单元主题围绕“科学家、科学研究与科学精神”展开，介绍了中西方一些伟大科学家的生平、科学研究、重要贡献和科学精神等，旨在激发学生树立远大理想、勤奋学习，努力实现自己的人生价值，做一个有责任、有担当的时代青年。
语法项目 能够在语境中理解并正确运用表语从句。
语言输入 听 能听懂谈论科学探究体验活动的对话，把握对话的核心内容和重要细节。
读 能读懂研究疾病病源的记叙文和人物传记，掌握其行文特点和语言特色。
看 能理解图文、图表和视频中的有效信息。
续表
语言输出 写 能以书面形式写一篇分析科学家的品格和素养及阐述科学精神内涵的短文。
说 能口头叙述自己参与科学探究活动的经历，并描述常见的科学现象。
续表
Section Ⅰ “Reading and Thinking”
的课文习读环节
目 录
NO.1 精阅读 / 提升阅读“理解力”
NO.2 美表达/ 强化写作“基本功”
NO.3 慧人生 / 以文化人“增才情”
课时跟踪检测
精阅读 / 提升阅读“理解力”
NO.1
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
introduction
theories
assumption
data
truth/cause
method/way
way
epidemiology
文意整体把握
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What is the theme of the text
A．The cure for cholera.
B．The causes of cholera.
C．How John Snow found “King Cholera”．
D．How John Snow defeated “King Cholera”．
√
(一)阅读理解
1．Which of the following theories did John Snow believe in
A．People breathed in the bad air infected by the disease.
B．People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.
C．People got infected with cholera because of cold and hunger.
D．People suffered from cholera because they were not clean.
√
文意深度理解
2．What was the key to help for John Snow's discovery
A．The local British government.
B．The woman living in the Broad street.
C．The company offering the water.
D．The map made by himself.
√
3．At last, “King Cholera” was controlled by ________.
A．using medicines in hospital
B．driving patients out of the country
C．dealing with the polluted water
D．getting rid of all kinds of pollution
√
4．What conclusion did John Snow draw according to the evidence
A．Cholera could never be killed.
B．Cholera multiplied in the water.
C．Polluted water carried the virus.
D．The dangerous gas caused cholera.
√
5．Where does this text probably come from
A．A science report. B．A fashion magazine.
C．A book review. D．A TV interview.
√
[Tip]
用“内容细节巧判断”法解答文章出处题
对于此类题目，学生可以从各类文章的内容或细节并结合不同类别文章的特点作出判断。如：旅游景点的介绍→travel guide；科普知识→science report；推销介绍新产品→advertisement；文化教育类文章→education section；文章中有click here等网络用语→website；文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称→newspaper；时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→magazine/journal。本文主要讲述了John Snow为战胜霍乱病毒所做的科学研究。故第5题应选A项。
(二)阅读表达
1．What qualities do you need to be a scientist
Hard work, courage in the face of challenge, persistence, devotion, passion, patience, creativity, etc.
2．Why was it John Snow, not other doctors, who defeated “King Cholera”？
Because John Snow had many great qualities such as “a precise attitude, a strong desire to explore, critical thinking, scientific research methods, creative spirit and so on.”
3．In order not to get infected with disease, what should we pay attention to in our daily life
We should do the following right things: drink boiled water, wash our hands in right way, cook raw food thoroughly, heat the food left overnight, deal with the rubbish timely, wear a mask whenever necessary, and so on.
内化读文技法
本文的语篇类型为叙事记叙文。这类记叙文多以时间顺序或空间顺序来行文。本文属于以时间顺序展开的叙事性记叙文，其暗线是科学家John Snow战胜霍乱病毒的科学研究步骤。读文时可以按照事件发展的开始、中间和结尾三个阶段来理清事件的行文顺序。本文第一段介绍了研究的背景；第二段则是提出问题和假设；第三段是研究过程；第四段是得出结论；第五段指出了John Snow的研究方法对科学家们研究疾病具有现实意义。
美表达 / 强化写作“基本功”
NO.2
(一)赏用词之妙
1．However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
赏析：句中的否定副词never加强了句子的语气， 反映了John Snow的坚毅品格和执着精神。其他表示突出和强调作用的否定副词(短语)还有：not, no, none, nobody, nothing, neither ...nor, nowhere等。
2．Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street.
赏析：句中What is more意为“而且； 更重要的是”，它与前一句是递进关系。作为常用的过渡语，它能很好地推动叙事或故事情节的发展。在本句中，它的使用也表明了John Snow研究的科学严谨性。
①他从未错过任何一个变得更强的机会。
He has never missed a single chance to become stronger.
②更重要的是，一些中国著名音乐家将为我们演出。
What's more, some famous Chinese musicians will give us performances.
仿写训练/翻译句子
(二)赏句式之高
1．It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
赏析：句中使用了嵌套式从句，主句使用了“it seemed that ...”式的主语从句，从句中又使用了“so ...that ...”式的结果状语从句。这种嵌套式从句使叙述更加简洁，表意更加严谨。
2．The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
赏析：本句使用了嵌套式从句，主从句中都包含了who引导的定语从句，它们分别修饰先行词The people和those。本句简洁明晰地表明了John Snow的调查结果。
①(句式转换)Seemingly, some students would like to start work early and thus they can help offer their parents better lives.(用嵌套式从句改写)
→ some students would like to start work ________
they can help offer their parents better lives.
仿写训练
It seems that
so early
that
②(完成句子)Scientific study shows people ____________________
before taking a math test did better than__________________________
.
科学研究表明，在数学考试前获得充足睡眠的人比那些通宵学习的人表现得更好。
who got enough sleep
those who stayed up all night
studying
(三)赏衔接之顺
1．Snow began by marking on a map ...However, ...What is more, ...Accordingly, ...
赏析：文中第三段是John Snow的调查过程，该段使用了“however, what is more, accordingly”等句间衔接语，它们使叙述更有逻辑性，层次更加清晰。
2．Through Snow's tireless efforts, ...However, ...Moreover, ...For this reason, ....
赏析：文中最后一段是调查结果与John Snow取得的成就，该段使用了“however, moreover, for this reason”等句间衔接语，它们使表达富有逻辑，衔接紧密，意思连贯。
(四)赏结尾之翘
Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
赏析：此处是文章的结尾部分，这两句概括了科学家John Snow的伟大成就。叙事记叙文的结尾大都是对人物的成就进行概括性评价。这种方法也可以用于介绍人物的应用文写作。
He was very diligent and also believed that ①genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine (天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水)．All these explained ②_____________
____________________________________________________________
(为什么他有这么多伟大的发明，并且他所做的一切激励着我在工作中发挥创造力)．
仿写训练/补全语段
percent perspiration
why he had so
many great inventions and what he did inspires me to be creative in
my work
慧人生 / 以文化人“增才情”
NO.3
科学无国界。我国老一辈科学家从国外学成归来，为新中国的崛起勤奋工作，无私奉献，奋斗不止。他们的事迹可歌可泣、感人至深。其中我国光学之父——王大珩就是一位杰出的代表。现在就让我们一起来看看他感人的事迹和对我国光学事业作出的巨大贡献吧！
Wang Daheng, the Father of Chinese Optics (光学)
In 1949, the field of applied optical science didn't exist in China.Understanding its importance for national strength, the Chinese government paid much attention to optical research.
Wang Daheng, a respected optical physicist, devoted his whole life to this cause.He kept watching on the development of China's first piece of optical glass, first electronic microscope, first laser device, and first large-size optical measuring equipment, and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering.He is called the Father of Chinese Optics.
As a teenager, Wang Daheng often followed his father to the observatory and became greatly interested in the apparatus (仪器) there.In 1936, he graduated from Tsinghua University with a degree in physics.Two years later, he won a government scholarship to study in England.After earning his master's degree from Imperial College London in 1940, he began his doctoral studies in optical physics and technology.
In 1948, Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the West and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering (增强某人的自主权) it through science and technology.At the time China did not have the capability to produce optical measuring equipment on its own.In 1951, Wang was instructed to found an institute of fine mechanics and was appointed its first president.Within less than two years, Wang and his team produced the first group of China-made optical glass.Over the following six years,
they went on to develop the country's first electronic microscope, first high-precision theodolite (经纬仪), first optical rangefinder, and five other optical devices, laying the foundation for China's precise optical instrument industry.In 1961, they independently developed the ruby laser in China.In addition to scientific research, Wang advanced the study of optics in higher education.
In 1992, Wang and a group of other scientists called for the creation of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.In the following years, he won many honors from the state.He passed away in Beijing aged 96 on July 21, 2011 after living a full and fruitful life.
滴水穿石
1．由文积词汇
physicist n． 物理学家
electronic adj. 电子的；电子学的
microscope n. 显微镜
establish v. 建立；创建；确立
institute n. 机构；研究所
higher education 高等教育
hi-tech n. 高科技
2．据文悟句式
句① Starting in the 1960s是动词-ing形式作状语，表示时间； ...related to the development ...是过去分词短语作定语，修饰the optical research。原句可改为：...the optical research which was related to the development ...
句② of which ...the designers是“介词＋which”引导的定语从句，修饰the Dongfanghong Ⅰ satellite。原句可改为：...the Dongfanghong Ⅰ satellite and Wang was one of the designers of it (the Dongfanghong Ⅰ satellite)。
句③ To close the technological gap ...是动词不定式作目的状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，指代上一句的整个内容。
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In 2015, Professor Wang Zhenyi, who specializes in treating Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) (急性早幼粒细胞白血病), received a letter of thanks from America.The writer of the letter was Mrs Berna-dette Giandomenico, who once suffered from APL but was cured with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (ATRA) (全反式维甲酸), a treatment developed by Wang and his medical team.
Working at Ruijin Hospital, Wang has been devoting his life to the treatment of leukemia.He received the country's highest honor in science and technology in 2010.
Born in 1924 in Shanghai, Wang was inspired by a family friend's experience of pursuing a career in medicine as a child.His grandmother's death caused by typhoid further strengthened his resolve to fight against diseases and rescue patients.With outstanding academic performance, Wang became a doctor at Guangci Hospital, today's Ruijin Hospital.
In 1978, a research paper from Israeli experts gave Wang inspiration on studying how leukemia cells could become normal.His research didn't progress as expected, though.In 1983, another research paper shed light on his study.As the paper suggested, after being treated with 13-cis-retinoic acid, white blood cells in patients with APL could become normal.Considering the difficulties and high cost of producing a drug made from 13-cis-retinoic acid, Wang's team decided
to replace that ingredient with ATRA, and they finally verified its positive effect after several months' experiments.In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a five-year-old patient.It turned out successful.After eight years of research, Wang's team eventually made the first breakthrough in the battle against APL.
To make sure every APL patient could afford the medicine, Wang has not patented his research result to date.“One cannot be a real doctor if one does not have expertise in medicine，” Wang said in an interview.“However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients.”
Having worked in the field of hematopathology (血液病理学) for over 70 years, Wang has been well recognized for his remarkable contribution to saving lives.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了获得国家科学技术最高荣誉的王振义医生的个人经历以及他对白血病的研究过程。他在血液病理学领域工作了70多年，为挽救生命做出了卓越的贡献。
1．Why did Mrs Giandomenico write a letter to Professor Wang
A．To ask for medical suggestions.
B．To share her battle against APL.
C．To express her appreciation.
D．To update information about her treatment.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a letter of thanks”可知，Giandomenico太太给王教授写信是为了表达她的感激。
2．What increased Wang's determination to become a doctor
A．His grandmother's death.
B．His great academic achievement.
C．The inspiration from foreign experts.
D．The example of a family friend.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，祖母的离世坚定了他对抗疾病、拯救病人的决心，即成为一名医生的决心。
√
3．What does the underlined word “verified” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Denied. B．Assessed.
C．Predicted. D．Confirmed.
解析：词义猜测题。画线词后的句子提到，1986年，该药首次用于治疗一名5岁的病人，结果很成功。这说明经过几个月的实验，王教授和他的团队最终证实了ATRA的积极效果。由此可推知，画线词意思为“证实”，与D项意思相近。
√
4．What is the best title for the text
A．The Application of ATRA
B．A Doctor with the Human Touch
C．The Chinese Cure for APL Patients
D．A Lifesaver with Remarkable Honor
√
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，本文主要介绍了王振义医生的医者仁心，故B选项“一个有人情味的医生”最符合文章主旨。
B
Anyone who has ever taken chemistry has studied the periodic table (元素周期表)．Most people who have memorized the elements in the periodic table have probably not given any thought to who created it.In 1869，Dmitri Mendeleev published the very first periodic table.Although there were a few people who attempted to create a periodic table，Mendeleev's table was the most complete of all of them.
Dmitri Mendeleev was born on February 8, 1834 in Tobolsk Governorate，the Russian Empire.His father was a teacher of philosophy and fine arts.Mendeleev was the youngest of more than a dozen children.His father lost his teaching position when he became blind.His mother had to go to work to support the family by restarting the family glass factory.
That worked out until Dmitri Mendeleev was 15, when the factory burned down.As a teenager，Mendeleev was educated at Main Pedagogical Institute in Saint Petersburg, Russia.As a 21-year-old in 1855，he wrote a textbook called Organic Chemistry and won the Demidov Prize, making him a major leader in the world of Russian chemistry education.Mendeleev earned a Master's degree in chemistry in 1856.
On April 4,1862, right after he wrote his first book, Dmitri Mendeleev proposed (求婚) to Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva.The couple got married three weeks later at a church in Saint Petersburg.They ended their marriage nine years later after having a daughter.Nearly 20 years after he married his first wife，he got married to Anna Ivanova Popova.Mendeleev had four children from his marriage to Anna Popova Mendeleev.A couple of years before his
death，Dmitri Mendeleev was awarded membership of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.Despite many scientists who worked on their own periodic tables ahead of Mendeleev, he has gone down in history as the father of the periodic table.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了发明元素周期表的科学家门捷列夫的生平。
5．What do we know about Dmitri Mendeleev's family from the text
A．His father was a chemistry teacher.
B．His mother became blind later.
C．Their factory burned down when Dmitri Mendeleev was 21.
D．Dmitri Mendeleev was from a big family.
√
解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“Mendeleev was the youngest of more than a dozen children.”可知，门捷列夫来自一个大家庭。
6．What made Dmitri Mendeleev a major leader in Russian chemistry education
A．He created the periodic table.
B．His textbook won the Demidov Prize.
C．He earned a Master's degree in chemistry.
D．His first book was published.
√
解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“As a 21-year-old in 1855，he wrote a textbook called Organic Chemistry and won the Demidov Prize，making him a major leader in the world of Russian chemistry education.”可知，他创作的教材获奖使他成为俄罗斯化学教育的带头人。
7．When did Dmitri Mendeleev become a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
A．Right after he wrote his first book.
B．Before he got married to Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva.
C．Nine years after his first daughter was born.
D．Several years before his death.
√
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“A couple of years before his death, Dmitri Mendeleev was awarded membership of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.”可知，在他去世前的几年，他成为瑞典皇家科学院的一员。
8．What is the main idea of the text
A．The process of Dmitri Mendeleev's creation of the periodic table.
B．The whole life of Dmitri Mendeleev.
C．Dmitri Mendeleev's contribution to the Russian chemistry society.
D．The effect of the periodic table on chemistry.
√
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了“元素周期表之父”门捷列夫的生平。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to become a scientist
Be curious.Scientists choose to become scientists because they are curious about the world around them and how the things in it work.This curiosity leads them to investigate the how and why behind what they see.
9 Becoming a scientist takes a long time.There are very few careers that take longer than this one.Even when you're doing with your education, you still have to get research under your belt.If you're an instant-gratification (即时满足) type of person, this may not be the right career for you.
Be diligent and persevere.It's been said that jobs in science are the lowest paid in the US.What this is getting at is that because of the long path to success, for a while you won't be living lavishly (奢华地)． 10
Have the need to always keep learning. 11 Whether it's reading peer-reviewed journals, attending seminars, or working toward getting yourself published, you'll always be learning.
12 In those years of waiting for results, you need to constantly be looking for the smallest changes in what you expect to see.Your eye needs to be focused and ready at all times.
Think differently.Think back to Newton's apple falling on his head or Archimedes jumping into his tub and displacing water.Most people would think nothing of these events, but these men saw something else, something no one else was seeing at the time. 13_
A．Observation skills are also necessary.
B．Be patient in climbing the career ladder.
C．Things are going to be tough for a while.
D．Then you're probably made of the right stuff.
E．As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
F．Actually what every scientist does is to seek out knowledge.
G．To make progress in human knowledge, you have to think differently.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何成为一名科学家提供了几点建议，如：要有好奇心和耐心，要勤奋并且持之以恒等。
9．选B 根据空后内容“要成为科学家需要很长的时间”可知，B项“攀登事业阶梯要有耐心”可作为本段的主旨句。
10．选C 上文提到“这是因为在通往成功的漫长道路上，有一段时间，你不会过着奢华的生活”。由此可知，C项“有一段时间情况可能很艰难”承接上文，符合语境。
11．选F 本段的主旨句是“要不断学习”。F项“实际上每个科学家所做的都是寻求知识”与语境相符，并承接下文内容。
12．选A 根据下文的“在等待结果的那些年里，你需要不断地寻找你期望看到的最小变化”可知，有观察的技能是必要的，所以A项可作为本段主旨句。
13．选G 本段的主旨句是“要有不同的思维方式”。G项“要想在人类知识上取得进步，你必须有不同的思维方式”与主旨句相呼应。UNIT 1 课时检测(一) “Reading and Thinking”
的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In 2015, Professor Wang Zhenyi, who specializes in treating Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) (急性早幼粒细胞白血病), received a letter of thanks from America.The writer of the letter was Mrs Berna dette Giandomenico, who once suffered from APL but was cured with All Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) (全反式维甲酸), a treatment developed by Wang and his medical team.
Working at Ruijin Hospital, Wang has been devoting his life to the treatment of leukemia.He received the country's highest honor in science and technology in 2010.
Born in 1924 in Shanghai, Wang was inspired by a family friend's experience of pursuing a career in medicine as a child.His grandmother's death caused by typhoid further strengthened his resolve to fight against diseases and rescue patients.With outstanding academic performance, Wang became a doctor at Guangci Hospital, today's Ruijin Hospital.
In 1978, a research paper from Israeli experts gave Wang inspiration on studying how leukemia cells could become normal.His research didn't progress as expected, though.In 1983, another research paper shed light on his study.As the paper suggested, after being treated with 13 cis retinoic acid, white blood cells in patients with APL could become normal.Considering the difficulties and high cost of producing a drug made from 13 cis retinoic acid, Wang's team decided to replace that ingredient with ATRA, and they finally verified its positive effect after several months' experiments.In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a five year old patient.It turned out successful.After eight years of research, Wang's team eventually made the first breakthrough in the battle against APL.
To make sure every APL patient could afford the medicine, Wang has not patented his research result to date.“One cannot be a real doctor if one does not have expertise in medicine，” Wang said in an interview.“However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients.”
Having worked in the field of hematopathology (血液病理学) for over 70 years, Wang has been well recognized for his remarkable contribution to saving lives.
1．Why did Mrs Giandomenico write a letter to Professor Wang
A．To ask for medical suggestions.
B．To share her battle against APL.
C．To express her appreciation.
D．To update information about her treatment.
2．What increased Wang's determination to become a doctor
A．His grandmother's death.
B．His great academic achievement.
C．The inspiration from foreign experts.
D．The example of a family friend.
3．What does the underlined word “verified” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Denied. B．Assessed.
C．Predicted. D．Confirmed.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．The Application of ATRA
B．A Doctor with the Human Touch
C．The Chinese Cure for APL Patients
D．A Lifesaver with Remarkable Honor
B
Anyone who has ever taken chemistry has studied the periodic table (元素周期表)．Most people who have memorized the elements in the periodic table have probably not given any thought to who created it.In 1869，Dmitri Mendeleev published the very first periodic table.Although there were a few people who attempted to create a periodic table，Mendeleev's table was the most complete of all of them.
Dmitri Mendeleev was born on February 8, 1834 in Tobolsk Governorate，the Russian Empire.His father was a teacher of philosophy and fine arts.Mendeleev was the youngest of more than a dozen children.His father lost his teaching position when he became blind.His mother had to go to work to support the family by restarting the family glass factory.
That worked out until Dmitri Mendeleev was 15, when the factory burned down.As a teenager，Mendeleev was educated at Main Pedagogical Institute in Saint Petersburg, Russia.As a 21 year old in 1855，he wrote a textbook called Organic Chemistry and won the Demidov Prize, making him a major leader in the world of Russian chemistry education.Mendeleev earned a Master's degree in chemistry in 1856.
On April 4, 1862, right after he wrote his first book, Dmitri Mendeleev proposed (求婚) to Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva.The couple got married three weeks later at a church in Saint Petersburg.They ended their marriage nine years later after having a daughter.Nearly 20 years after he married his first wife，he got married to Anna Ivanova Popova.Mendeleev had four children from his marriage to Anna Popova Mendeleev.A couple of years before his death，Dmitri Mendeleev was awarded membership of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.Despite many scientists who worked on their own periodic tables ahead of Mendeleev, he has gone down in history as the father of the periodic table.
5．What do we know about Dmitri Mendeleev's family from the text
A．His father was a chemistry teacher.
B．His mother became blind later.
C．Their factory burned down when Dmitri Mendeleev was 21.
D．Dmitri Mendeleev was from a big family.
6．What made Dmitri Mendeleev a major leader in Russian chemistry education
A．He created the periodic table.
B．His textbook won the Demidov Prize.
C．He earned a Master's degree in chemistry.
D．His first book was published.
7．When did Dmitri Mendeleev become a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
A．Right after he wrote his first book.
B．Before he got married to Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva.
C．Nine years after his first daughter was born.
D．Several years before his death.
8．What is the main idea of the text
A．The process of Dmitri Mendeleev's creation of the periodic table.
B．The whole life of Dmitri Mendeleev.
C．Dmitri Mendeleev's contribution to the Russian chemistry society.
D．The effect of the periodic table on chemistry.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to become a scientist
Be curious.Scientists choose to become scientists because they are curious about the world around them and how the things in it work.This curiosity leads them to investigate the how and why behind what they see.
__9__ Becoming a scientist takes a long time.There are very few careers that take longer than this one.Even when you're doing with your education, you still have to get research under your belt.If you're an instant gratification (即时满足) type of person, this may not be the right career for you.
Be diligent and persevere.It's been said that jobs in science are the lowest paid in the US.What this is getting at is that because of the long path to success, for a while you won't be living lavishly (奢华地)．__10__
Have the need to always keep learning.__11__ Whether it's reading peer reviewed journals, attending seminars, or working toward getting yourself published, you'll always be learning.
__12__ In those years of waiting for results, you need to constantly be looking for the smallest changes in what you expect to see.Your eye needs to be focused and ready at all times.
Think differently.Think back to Newton's apple falling on his head or Archimedes jumping into his tub and displacing water.Most people would think nothing of these events, but these men saw something else, something no one else was seeing at the time.__13__
A．Observation skills are also necessary.
B．Be patient in climbing the career ladder.
C．Things are going to be tough for a while.
D．Then you're probably made of the right stuff.
E．As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
F．Actually what every scientist does is to seek out knowledge.
G．To make progress in human knowledge, you have to think differently.
UNIT 1 课时检测(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了获得国家科学技术最高荣誉的王振义医生的个人经历以及他对白血病的研究过程。他在血液病理学领域工作了70多年，为挽救生命做出了卓越的贡献。
1．选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a letter of thanks”可知，Giandomenico太太给王教授写信是为了表达她的感激。
2．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，祖母的离世坚定了他对抗疾病、拯救病人的决心，即成为一名医生的决心。
3．选D 词义猜测题。画线词后的句子提到，1986年，该药首次用于治疗一名5岁的病人，结果很成功。这说明经过几个月的实验，王教授和他的团队最终证实了ATRA的积极效果。由此可推知，画线词意思为“证实”，与D项意思相近。
4．选B 标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，本文主要介绍了王振义医生的医者仁心，故B选项“一个有人情味的医生”最符合文章主旨。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了发明元素周期表的科学家门捷列夫的生平。
5．选D 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Mendeleev was the youngest of more than a dozen children.”可知，门捷列夫来自一个大家庭。
6．选B 细节理解题。由第三段中的“As a 21 year old in 1855，he wrote a textbook called Organic Chemistry and won the Demidov Prize，making him a major leader in the world of Russian chemistry education.”可知，他创作的教材获奖使他成为俄罗斯化学教育的带头人。
7．选D 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“A couple of years before his death, Dmitri Mendeleev was awarded membership of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.”可知，在他去世前的几年，他成为瑞典皇家科学院的一员。
8．选B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了“元素周期表之父”门捷列夫的生平。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何成为一名科学家提供了几点建议，如：要有好奇心和耐心，要勤奋并且持之以恒等。
9．选B 根据空后内容“要成为科学家需要很长的时间”可知，B项“攀登事业阶梯要有耐心”可作为本段的主旨句。
10．选C 上文提到“这是因为在通往成功的漫长道路上，有一段时间，你不会过着奢华的生活”。由此可知，C项“有一段时间情况可能很艰难”承接上文，符合语境。
11．选F 本段的主旨句是“要不断学习”。F项“实际上每个科学家所做的都是寻求知识”与语境相符，并承接下文内容。
12．选A 根据下文的“在等待结果的那些年里，你需要不断地寻找你期望看到的最小变化”可知，有观察的技能是必要的，所以A项可作为本段主旨句。
13．选G 本段的主旨句是“要有不同的思维方式”。G项“要想在人类知识上取得进步，你必须有不同的思维方式”与主旨句相呼应。
