Section Ⅱ “Reading and Thinking”的新知学习环节
新学词汇·归类记清
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．an outbreak of cholera ________的爆发
2．diarrhoea and vomiting ________和呕吐
3．dehydration and cramping ________和抽筋
4．caused by germs 由______引起的
5．raw material __________材料
6．substantial magazine articles ______杂志文章
7．display statistic data 展示______数据
8．under a microscope 在__________下
二、重点单词——写其形
1．be blessed with ____ gifts 富有多种天赋
2．be connected to a ______ 连接到水泵上
3．contribute to the ______ 对家庭做出贡献
4．put the ______ on him 把责任推到他身上
5．______ conflicts calmly and wisely 冷静明智地处理冲突
6．________ the island to the mainland 把那座岛与大陆连接起来
7．________ gradually 逐渐减少
8．________ my life 改变我的一生
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
四、拓展构词——明其规
1．transform: trans＋form→v.改变
[依“规”串记]
①transfer v． 转移 ②translate v． 翻译
③transport v. 运输 ④transplant v. 移植
2．microscope: micro＋scope→n.显微镜
[依“规”串记]
①microbe n． 细菌
②microsecond n. 微秒
③microwave n. 微波
④microphone n. 麦克风
⑤microbiology n. 微生物学
⑥microorganism n. 微生物
五、高级词块——通其用
1．______________ 想起；考虑
2．______________ 死于……
3．______________ 最终地；彻底地
4．______________ 总的来说；大体上
5．______________ 同意；赞同
6．______________ 找出；查明
7．______________ 把……标记在……上
8．______________ 而且；另外
9．______________ 由于……的结果
10．______________ 幸亏；由于
重点词汇·深化学习
1．However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
然而，他始终没有放弃彻底根除霍乱的愿望。
★once and for all 最终地；彻底地
[用法感知]
①(“情绪描写”写作佳句)All at once I charged at him, burning with anger.
我一下子冲向他，怒火中烧。
②You must be taught once and for all not to touch what does not belong to you.
必须好好地教训你不要碰不属于你的东西。
③(“场景描写”写作佳句)Meanwhile, I was looking back once in a while for fear that a beast might catch us up.
与此同时，我时不时地回头看看，生怕有野兽追上我们。
[归纳点拨]
all at once 突然
once in a while 偶尔
once more 再一次；再次
once again 再一次
at once 立刻；马上
once upon a time 从前
[应用融会] (完成句子)
④He likes to go to the movie ____________________________________________.
他喜欢偶尔去看看电影。
⑤____________________， there was an old man who couldn't read or write.
从前，有一个老人，他既不会读书也不会写字。
⑥I am going to tell that neighbor of mine to turn down that music ________________.
我要告诉我的邻居彻底地把音乐关小一点。
⑦The empty hall made us nervous ________________________.We stood there hopelessly wondering what to do next.
空无一人的大厅使我们突然紧张起来。我们绝望地站在那里，不知道下一步该怎么办。
2．Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。
★suspect vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
[用法感知]
①I have no reason to suspect her honesty.
我没有理由怀疑她的诚实。
②I once suspected that he had stolen the money, but later it turned out that I was wrong.
我一度怀疑他偷了那笔钱，但后来证明我错了。
[归纳点拨]
suspect＋that从句 怀疑……
suspect sb.of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做)某事
[应用融会] (完成句子)
③The manager ________________________ false information.
经理怀疑他提供虚假信息。
④I ________________ if I tried to release the wolf, she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.
我怀疑如果我放了那只狼，它会变得有攻击性，并且会试图把我撕成碎片。
★blame vt.指责；责怪；把……归咎于n.责备；指责
[用法感知]
①(主旨升华句)Don't always blame your own failure on others.You should take the blame for failure.
不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人，你应该为失败承担责任。
②(“情感描写”写作佳句)Blamed for the failure of the performance, Tim felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't help crying bitterly.
蒂姆因演出失败而受到责备，他悲伤得忍不住痛哭。
③The drunk driver should be to blame for the traffic accident.
那位醉驾司机应该为这起交通事故负责。
[归纳点拨]
(1)blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎到某人身上
blame sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而责怪某人
be to blame (for sth.) (因某事)应受责备；应为……负责
(2)bear/take the blame (for sth.) (为某事)承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth.on sb. 将某事归咎于某人
[应用融会] (完成句子)
④In my view, Li Hua, who broke the school rule, ________________.
在我看来，李华违反了校规，应该受到责备。
⑤It's so easy to be negative when things go wrong, or ________________ negative outcomes in our life.
当事情出错时，我们很容易变得消极，或者把生活中的消极结果归咎于别人。
⑥It is common that nowadays some students ________________ their poor performance in study on their low IQ.
如今，一些学生把他们的学习成绩不好归咎于他们的低智商，这很常见。
3. ...and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.
……世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。
★decrease n．减少；降低；减少量 vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
[用法感知]
①The traffic accidents in the city decreased by 30% last year.
该城市去年交通事故减少了30%。
②The number of employees has already decreased to twenty after the manager laid off them.
经理解雇员工后，员工人数已减少到20人。
③The number of poor men is on the decrease as the economy is growing.
随着经济发展，贫困人口数量正在减少。
[归纳点拨]
(1)decrease to ... 减少到
decrease by ... 减少了
decrease from ...to ... 从……减少到……
(2)on the decrease 在减少；在下降
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The charge for transportation is __________ the decrease because of lower fuel costs.
⑤Because of the flood, the rice production has decreased __________ 18% in this region.
⑥It slowly decreased __________ 100, and then continued its downward trend more steeply to 15.
⑦The number of members at the gym ____________________ over the past year.
在过去的一年里，这个健身房的会员人数急剧减少。
4．Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow.
幸运的是，由于约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。
★thanks to 幸亏；由于
[用法感知]
①Thanks to my teacher, I made rapid progress.
多亏了我的老师，我取得了快速的进步。
②I am writing to express my sincere thanks for your beautiful flowers.
我写这封信是为了表达你给我美丽鲜花的衷心感谢。
③(“感谢”类写作佳句)Thank you for bringing us to the world, which makes everything possible.
谢谢你把我们带到这个世界，让一切成为可能。
[归纳点拨]
thanks for ... 感谢……
thank sb.for 因某事而感谢某人
[应用融会] (完成句子)
④________________________， and I look forward to following up with you.
谢谢您的关照，我很期待能继续与您联系。
⑤____________________， Ellie and I were brought to a very safe place.
多亏了救援人员，我和艾莉很快就被送到了一个非常安全的地方。
5．Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.
此外，通过使用地图和数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
★transform vt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变
[用法感知]
①Our village is making efforts to transform its development pattern to promote green growth.
我们村正在努力转变发展模式，促进绿色增长。
②(主旨升华句)The “Affair of the Scarecrow” has taught us the value of creatively transforming seemingly useless items into treasure，making us aware that frugality is a good quality after all.
“稻草人事件”教会了我们创造性地把看似无用的东西变成宝藏的价值，让我们意识到节俭毕竟是一种优秀的品质。
[归纳点拨]
(1)transform from ... 由……转变而来
transform ...into ... 把……变成……
(2)transformation n. 改变；转变
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Each person's growth is a process of ________ (transform), from young to mature, from failure to success.
④It was his encouragement ________________________________________________.
正是他的鼓励彻底改变了我的学习态度。
⑤They ________________________________________________ and proved that true strength comes from within.
他们将挫折化作(跃升的)踏脚石，并且证明真正的力量源自内心。
1．One theory was that bad air caused the disease.
一种看法是空气污染引发。
感知将学语法——表语从句
句中that引导的是表语从句，它说明主语的内容，that在句中不作任何句子成分。常见的表语从句还有：
①The problem is how we can get the things we need.
问题是我们怎样能得到我们需要的东西。(how 在从句中充当方式状语)
②That is what I want to tell you.
那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在从句中作宾语)
③The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪。(when在从句中作时间状语)
④That is why she failed to pass the interview.
那就是她面试失败的原因。(why 在从句中作原因状语)
2．He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.
他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。
(1)so ...that ... “如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句，其用法如下：
so＋形容词/副词＋that ...
so＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that ...
so＋many/few＋复数可数名词＋that ...
so＋much/little (少) ＋不可数名词＋that ...
(倒装用法)So＋adj.＋be＋主语＋that ...
(2)such ...that ... “如此……以至于”也可以引导结果状语从句，其用法如下：
such＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋that ...
such＋形容词＋复数可数名词＋that ...
such＋形容词＋不可数名词＋that ...
(倒装用法)Such＋be ＋主语＋that ...
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①They were heavy and we couldn't lift them at first.
→They were ________________ we couldn't lift them at first.
②Never had I seen so lovely a creature in my life that I was curious about it.
→Never had I seen ____________________ in my life that I was curious about it.
③I was so addicted to learning that I often forgot my dinners.
→So ____________________________ I often forgot my dinners.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④他们俩都很兴奋，不再害怕黑暗了。
They were both ________________ they were no longer afraid of the darkness.
⑤天气如此好，我们决定在海滩上度过这一天。
It was ________________________ we decided to spend the day on the beach.
⑥这道题如此简单，以至于我马上就能做出来。
It is __________________________________ I can work it out immediately.
Section Ⅱ
NO.1 积词汇
新学词汇·归类记清
一、1.霍乱 2.腹泻 3.脱水 4.病菌 5.原 6.大量的
7．统计 8.显微镜
二、1.multiple 2.pump 3.household 4.blame 5.handle
6．link 7.decrease 8.transform
三、1.①severe ②severity 2.①frustrated ②frustration
③frustrates 3.①contradictory ②contradict
4．①infection ②infect ③infectious 5.①subscribe
②subscription 6.①proof ②prove 7.①suspect
②suspicious ③suspicion 8.①intervention ②intervene 9.①pure ②purely ③purify
五、1.think of 2.die from 3.once and for all 4.in general 5.subscribe to 6.find out 7.mark ...on ...
8．what's more 9.as a result of 10.thanks to
重点词汇·深化学习
1．④once a while ⑤Once upon a time ⑥once and for all
⑦all at once
2．★③suspected him of giving ④suspected that
★④was to blame ⑤blame others for
⑥put/lay the blame for
3．④on ⑤by ⑥to ⑦has decreased sharply
4．④Thank you for your consideration
⑤Thanks to the rescue workers
5．③transformation ④that completely transformed my attitude to study ⑤transformed setbacks into stepping stones
NO.2 通句式
2．①so heavy that ②such a lovely creature
③addicted to learning was I that ④so excited that
⑤such lovely weather that
⑥so easy a question/such an easy question that(共113张PPT)
Section Ⅱ “Reading and Thinking”
的新知学习环节
目 录
NO.1 积词汇 / 由记准到用活
NO.2 通句式/ 由规则到熟用
课时跟踪检测
积词汇 / 由记准到用活
NO.1
新学词汇·归类记清
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．an outbreak of cholera 的爆发
2．diarrhoea and vomiting 和呕吐
3．dehydration and cramping 和抽筋
4．caused by germs 由 引起的
霍乱
腹泻
脱水
病菌
5．raw material 材料
6．substantial magazine articles 杂志文章
7．display statistic data 展示 数据
8．under a microscope 在 下
原
大量的
统计
显微镜
二、重点单词——写其形
1．be blessed with gifts 富有多种天赋
2．be connected to a ______ 连接到水泵上
3．contribute to the _________ 对家庭做出贡献
4．put the on him 把责任推到他身上
multiple
pump
household
blame
5． conflicts calmly and wisely 冷静明智地处理冲突
6． the island to the mainland 把那座岛与大陆连接起来
7． gradually 逐渐减少
8． my life 改变我的一生
handle
link
decrease
transform
三、活用单词——悉其变
severe
severity
frustrated
frustration
frustrates
contradictory
contradict
infection
infect
infectious
subscribe
subscription
proof
prove
suspect
suspicious
suspicion
intervention
intervene
pure
purely
purify
四、拓展构词——明其规
1．transform: trans＋form→v.改变
[依“规”串记]
①transfer v． 转移 ②translate v． 翻译
③transport v. 运输 ④transplant v. 移植
2．microscope: micro＋scope→n.显微镜
[依“规”串记]
①microbe n． 细菌
②microsecond n. 微秒
③microwave n. 微波
④microphone n. 麦克风
⑤microbiology n. 微生物学
⑥microorganism n. 微生物
五、高级词块——通其用
1． 想起；考虑
2． 死于……
3． 最终地；彻底地
4． 总的来说；大体上
5． 同意；赞同
think of
die from
once and for all
in general
subscribe to
6． 找出；查明
7． 把……标记在……上
8． 而且；另外
9． 由于……的结果
10． 幸亏；由于
find out
mark ...on ...
what's more
as a result of
thanks to
重点词汇 深化学习
1．However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
然而，他始终没有放弃彻底根除霍乱的愿望。
★once and for all 最终地；彻底地
[用法感知]
①(“情绪描写”写作佳句)All at once I charged at him, burning with anger.
我一下子冲向他，怒火中烧。
②You must be taught once and for all not to touch what does not belong to you.
必须好好地教训你不要碰不属于你的东西。
③(“场景描写”写作佳句)Meanwhile, I was looking back once in a while for fear that a beast might catch us up.
与此同时，我时不时地回头看看，生怕有野兽追上我们。
[归纳点拨]
all at once 突然
once in a while 偶尔
once more 再一次；再次
once again 再一次
at once 立刻；马上
once upon a time 从前
[应用融会] (完成句子)
④He likes to go to the movie .
他喜欢偶尔去看看电影。
⑤ , there was an old man who couldn't read or write.
从前，有一个老人，他既不会读书也不会写字。
once a while
Once upon a time
⑥I am going to tell that neighbor of mine to turn down that music______________.
我要告诉我的邻居彻底地把音乐关小一点。
⑦The empty hall made us nervous .We stood there hopelessly wondering what to do next.
空无一人的大厅使我们突然紧张起来。我们绝望地站在那里，不知道下一步该怎么办。
once and for all
all at once
2．Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。
★suspect vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
[用法感知]
①I have no reason to suspect her honesty.
我没有理由怀疑她的诚实。
②I once suspected that he had stolen the money, but later it turned out that I was wrong.
我一度怀疑他偷了那笔钱，但后来证明我错了。
[归纳点拨]
suspect＋that从句 怀疑……
suspect sb.of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做)某事
[应用融会] (完成句子)
③The manager false information.
经理怀疑他提供虚假信息。
④I if I tried to release the wolf, she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.
我怀疑如果我放了那只狼，它会变得有攻击性，并且会试图把我撕成碎片。
suspected him of giving
suspected that
★blame vt.指责；责怪；把……归咎于n.责备；指责
[用法感知]
①(主旨升华句)Don't always blame your own failure on others.You should take the blame for failure.
不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人，你应该为失败承担责任。
②(“情感描写”写作佳句)Blamed for the failure of the performance, Tim felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't help crying bitterly.
蒂姆因演出失败而受到责备，他悲伤得忍不住痛哭。
③The drunk driver should be to blame for the traffic accident.
那位醉驾司机应该为这起交通事故负责。
[归纳点拨]
(1)blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎到某人身上
blame sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而责怪某人
be to blame (for sth.) (因某事)应受责备；
应为……负责
(2)bear/take the blame (for sth.) (为某事)承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth.on sb. 将某事归咎于某人
[应用融会] (完成句子)
④In my view, Li Hua, who broke the school rule, .
在我看来，李华违反了校规，应该受到责备。
⑤It's so easy to be negative when things go wrong, or __________
negative outcomes in our life.
当事情出错时，我们很容易变得消极，或者把生活中的消极结果归咎于别人。
was to blame
blame
others for
⑥It is common that nowadays some students _________________
their poor performance in study on their low IQ.
如今，一些学生把他们的学习成绩不好归咎于他们的低智商，这很常见。
put/lay the blame for
3. ...and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.
……世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。
★decrease n．减少；降低；减少量 vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
[用法感知]
①The traffic accidents in the city decreased by 30% last year.
该城市去年交通事故减少了30%。
②The number of employees has already decreased to twenty after the manager laid off them.
经理解雇员工后，员工人数已减少到20人。
③The number of poor men is on the decrease as the economy is growing.
随着经济发展，贫困人口数量正在减少。
[归纳点拨]
(1)decrease to ... 减少到
decrease by ... 减少了
decrease from ...to ... 从……减少到……
(2)on the decrease 在减少；在下降
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The charge for transportation is the decrease because of lower fuel costs.
⑤Because of the flood, the rice production has decreased 18% in this region.
on
by
⑥It slowly decreased 100, and then continued its downward trend more steeply to 15.
⑦The number of members at the gym over the past year.
在过去的一年里，这个健身房的会员人数急剧减少。
to
has decreased sharply
4．Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow.
幸运的是，由于约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。
★thanks to 幸亏；由于
[用法感知]
①Thanks to my teacher, I made rapid progress.
多亏了我的老师，我取得了快速的进步。
②I am writing to express my sincere thanks for your beautiful flowers.
我写这封信是为了表达你给我美丽鲜花的衷心感谢。
③(“感谢”类写作佳句)Thank you for bringing us to the world, which makes everything possible.
谢谢你把我们带到这个世界，让一切成为可能。
[归纳点拨]
thanks for ... 感谢……
thank sb.for 因某事而感谢某人
[应用融会] (完成句子)
④ , and I look forward to following up with you.
谢谢您的关照，我很期待能继续与您联系。
⑤ , Ellie and I were brought to a very safe place.
多亏了救援人员，我和艾莉很快就被送到了一个非常安全的地方。
Thank you for your consideration
Thanks to the rescue workers
5．Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.
此外，通过使用地图和数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
★transform vt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变
[用法感知]
①Our village is making efforts to transform its development pattern to promote green growth.
我们村正在努力转变发展模式，促进绿色增长。
②(主旨升华句)The “Affair of the Scarecrow” has taught us the value of creatively transforming seemingly useless items into treasure，making us aware that frugality is a good quality after all.
“稻草人事件”教会了我们创造性地把看似无用的东西变成宝藏的价值，让我们意识到节俭毕竟是一种优秀的品质。
[归纳点拨]
(1)transform from ... 由……转变而来
transform ...into ... 把……变成……
(2)transformation n. 改变；转变
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Each person's growth is a process of _____________(transform), from young to mature, from failure to success.
④It was his encouragement________________________________
.
正是他的鼓励彻底改变了我的学习态度。
transformation
that completely transformed my
attitude to study
⑤They and proved that true strength comes from within.
他们将挫折化作(跃升的)踏脚石，并且证明真正的力量源自内心。
transformed setbacks into stepping stones
通句式 / 由规则到熟用
NO.2
1．One theory was that bad air caused the disease.
一种看法是空气污染引发。
感知将学语法——表语从句
句中that引导的是表语从句，它说明主语的内容，that在句中不作任何句子成分。常见的表语从句还有：
①The problem is how we can get the things we need.
问题是我们怎样能得到我们需要的东西。(how 在从句中充当方式状语)
②That is what I want to tell you.
那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在从句中作宾语)
③The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪。(when在从句中作时间状语)
④That is why she failed to pass the interview.
那就是她面试失败的原因。(why 在从句中作原因状语)
2．He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.
他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。
(1)so ...that ... “如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句，其用法如下：
so＋形容词/副词＋that ...
so＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that ...
so＋many/few＋复数可数名词＋that ...
so＋much/little (少) ＋不可数名词＋that ...
(倒装用法)So＋adj.＋be＋主语＋that ...
(2)such ...that ... “如此……以至于”也可以引导结果状语从句，其用法如下：
such＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋that ...
such＋形容词＋复数可数名词＋that ...
such＋形容词＋不可数名词＋that ...
(倒装用法)Such＋be ＋主语＋that ...
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①They were heavy and we couldn't lift them at first.
→They were we couldn't lift them at first.
so heavy that
②Never had I seen so lovely a creature in my life that I was curious about it.
→Never had I seen in my life that I was curious about it.
③I was so addicted to learning that I often forgot my dinners.
→So I often forgot my dinners.
such a lovely creature
addicted to learning was I that
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④他们俩都很兴奋，不再害怕黑暗了。
They were both they were no longer afraid of the darkness.
⑤天气如此好，我们决定在海滩上度过这一天。
It was we decided to spend the day on the beach.
so excited that
such lovely weather that
⑥这道题如此简单，以至于我马上就能做出来。
It is I can work it out immediately.
so easy a question/such an easy question that
课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1． (十分严重的) damage witnessed the destructive force of the storm.
2．The information I got was rich and varied, or even _____________(相互矛盾的)．
Severe
contradictory
3．To my surprise, he can speak (多种多样的) languages fluently.
4．People should (联系) theory with practice when doing work.
5．I declined because I knew they had their own (家庭) to deal with.
multiple
link
households
6．She washed her face at the (抽水机) in front of the inn.
7．If you (怀疑) a gas leak, do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light.
8．For migrant workers, lacking the knowledge of (操纵) computers has trapped them into trouble.
pump
suspect
handling
9．It's often said that one can only achieve something ___________(重大的) in a certain area by applying oneself to it.
10．These (统计数字) are important from an ecological point of view.
substantial
statistics
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He failed in the exam again, which made him ____________
(frustrate)．
2．The demand for the product decreased 20% compared to last year.
3．A healthy diet combined with regular exercise can help your body resist (infect)．
frustrated
by
infection
4．Though they made an investigation into the matter, they didn't hold out any (prove)．
5．It suddenly occurred to him that they must be (blame) for the accident.
6．She was about to stop the match when the instructor ________
(intervention)．
proof
to blame
intervened
7．The Internet has transformed the world a global village, altering all aspects of our life.
8．It is a racing machine, designed (pure) for speed.
into
purely
Ⅲ.选词填空
once and for all， subscribe to， thanks to， think of， die from， in general， find out， what's more， as a result of， mark ...on ...
1．A large number of ocean animals global warming.
2．Political philosopher cannot resolve these arguments________
.
died from
once and
for all
3．What's important to you is your own life, no matter what others________ you.
4． his tireless efforts, we succeeded in finishing the project on time.
5． , we should take full advantage of water, electricity, paper, food and so on.
think of
Thanks to
What's more
6．Can you these English-speaking countries the map of the world
7．It happens that I have just seen the film, and I _____________
your opinion about it.
8． ，letters are classified into two categories: personal letters and business letters.
mark
on
subscribe to
In general
9． an accident, Tony was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness.
10．When I that I had won the writing competition, I was overwhelmed by a strong feeling of astonishment.
As a result of
found out
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．她垂下头，不知该如何回答。(疑问词＋不定式)
She hung her head, not sure .
2．她高兴得几乎要哭了。(so ...that ...)
She she was on the edge of tears.
how to reply
was so delighted that
3．最让我担心的是我忘记了妈妈的生日。(表语从句)
What worried me most my mom's birthday.
4．似乎每个学生都陷入了沉思，回想着这个动人的故事。(现在分词短语作状语)
It seemed that every student was lost in deep thought,__________
.
was that I had forgotten
recalling
the moving story
5．为了给那些比赛优胜者颁奖，学校举行了一场盛大的仪式。(定语从句)
A grand ceremony was held to award prizes___________________
.
to those who won the
contest
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Cholera used to be one of the most ① (fear) diseases in the world.It causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration and even ②______ (die)．In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died ③ the disease.As a young doctor, John Snow became ④ (frustrate) because no one knew how ⑤ (prevent) or treat cholera.⑥ general, doctors in
feared
death
from
frustrated
to prevent
In
those days had two contradictory ⑦ (theory) to explain how cholera spread.Snow subscribed to the second theory.He began by marking on a map the exact places ⑧ all those who died had lived.He suspected that the water pump was ⑨___________ (blame)．Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed.Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in ⑩ (it) tracks.We now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow.So Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
theories
where
to blame
its
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Brian Greene, a professor of physics and mathematics at Columbia University, has created an online science education platform.He tries to “build a bridge” with things you know about, and then “bring you across that bridge to the strange place of modern physics”．
Recently I had a chance to ask Greene about wormholes (a hole which some scientists think might exist, connecting parts of space and time that are not usually connected), time travel and other mysteries of the universe.I asked him a million-dollar question: What if I went through a wormhole and prevented my parents from meeting？“Most of us believe that the universe makes sense，” Greene said.Although there are several interesting theories about time travel, he added,
the laws of physics would probably prevent something so illogical from taking place.The good news is that the time paradox (悖论) is open for future physicists to solve.
When asked how physics could become more exciting for kids, Greene said that books by Stephen Weinberg, Leonard Susskind, and other physicists, make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but aren't yet ready, perhaps, to learn maths.
When I pointed out that some students still might find physics boring, Greene said that the key is to teach them about things that are strange.“The basic stuff is important，” Greene said.“But I think it's really important to also describe the more modern ideas, things like black holes and the Big Bang.If kids have those ideas in mind, then at least some of them will be excited to learn all the details.”
Greene has followed Albert Einstein's lead in trying to solve the mysteries of the universe.Now he wants kids to do the same.As Greene said, physics is “not just a matter of solving problems in an exam”．It's about experimenting, showing an interest in strange phenomena — and having fun!
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。物理学家Brian Greene希望更多的孩子能对现代物理学感兴趣。
1．A million-dollar question is probably very .
A．direct B．difficult
C．personal D．long
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中Greene对这个问题的解释以及他说需要未来的物理学家去解决可知，作者提出的这个问题非常难。
√
2．The books by Weinberg, Susskind and other physicists .
A．are boring to read
B．are mainly about maths
C．are popular science books
D．are only popular among kids
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ ...make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but aren't yet ready, perhaps, to learn maths”可知，Greene认为Weinberg和Susskind等物理学家写的书浅显易懂，适合普通大众阅读，故这些书属于科普读物。
√
3．According to paragraph 4, which of the following does Greene agree with
A．Modern physics is a boring subject.
B．Interest plays an important role in studying.
C．It is not necessary to learn all about physics.
D．It is easy to describe black holes and the Big Bang.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，当作者指出一些学生觉得物理无聊时，Greene说重要的是向孩子们讲述一些稀奇古怪的事以引起他们的兴趣。因此他认为兴趣在学习过程中起着非常重要的作用。
√
4．In the last paragraph, Greene hopes that .
A．kids can love science and physics
B．kids can do well in physics exams
C．kids can have fun with experiments
D．kids can find more strange things in life
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的前两句可知，Greene希望孩子们可以像他一样对科学和物理感兴趣，去探索宇宙的奥秘。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I have invented robots that crawl (爬) through pipes to check them for damage.Two of my 5 allow cars to be used as power plants on wheels.My love of building things 6 when I was a kid.It wasn't until I learned about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became excited about inventing.
When I was in fourth grade, our teacher gave us a 7 .We had to write to a company and learn about the 8 it made.Each student would then give a report in front of the class.I 9 the Thomas A．Edison Company.
Soon after I wrote to the company, our mailman 10 a package to me.It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison.How I 11 reading and rereading about his inventions! The ones that impressed me most were movies, recorded sound and the electric light.Edison became my hero.
My dad noticed my interest in inventing and 12 me.He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.
Together, my dad and I repaired radios and televisions.Once, I surprised my dad with a 13 I made to adjust the brakes (刹车) of our car.Later, we found a similar tool in a store.That's when I learned that 14 inventors often invent similar things.It is not 15 for this to happen.I learned, too, that not all great ideas work. 16 is a common part of the inventing process.
As my father and I worked together, I began to 17 that my dad was quite an inventor himself.His guiding hands, combined with my 18 in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor.But I am 19 to Thomas Edison, too, for first lighting that bulb (电灯泡) inside me.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小就对发明感兴趣，通过做学习课题任务，他更加热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助下，他最终成了一位发明家。
5．A.approaches B．experiments
C．inventions D．conclusions
解析：根据第一句中的“have invented robots”及下文内容可以看出，此处指作者的另外两个发明。
√
6．A.died B．began
C．fade D．won
解析：根据空后的“when I was a kid”可知，此处指制作东西的爱好是从孩子时开始的。
√
7．A.project B．lesson
C．surprise D．present
解析：根据下文学生需要给一家公司写信，等收到公司寄回的产品介绍后，每名学生要在全班同学面前做一个报告可知，这是学校里的老师分配给学生做的课题。project“(学生的)课题”符合语境。
√
8．A.decisions B．products
C．orders D．reports
解析：根据下文“it made”可知，此处指了解公司生产的产品。
√
9．A.joined B．owned
C．started D．chose
解析：根据上文“We had to write to a company”可知，作者选择了爱迪生公司。
√
10．A.opened B．offered
C．delivered D．lent
解析：由“mailman”可知，delivered符合语境，指“邮递员派送包裹”。
√
11．A.enjoyed B．minded
C．avoided D．hated
解析：作者非常崇拜爱迪生，因此喜欢反复阅读有关爱迪生的发明的书。
√
12．A.stopped B．blamed
C．controlled D．encouraged
解析：根据下文“He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.”可推测，爸爸鼓励作者继续发明。
√
13．A.tool B．promise
C．mistake D．trick
解析：根据下文“Later, we found a similar tool in a store.”可知，他们在商店发现了类似的工具，因此此处指“工具”。
√
14．A.young B．different
C．great D．real
解析：由上下文语境及“similar”提示可知，作者发明的工具和商店里在售的差不多，这时作者了解到，不同的发明家经常发明类似的东西。
√
15．A.reasonable B．improper
C．practical D．unusual
解析：作者和他爸爸发现他发明的工具和商店里在售的差不多，这时作者了解到，不同的发明家经常发明类似的东西，这种情况很常见。
√
16．A.Imagination B．Failure
C．Happiness D．Wealth
解析：根据上一句“I learned, too, that not all great ideas work.”可知，不是所有的好主意都能实现，因此Failure符合语境。
√
17．A.hope B．suggest
C．realize D．consider
解析：作者在和爸爸合作的过程中意识到爸爸也是一位发明家。
√
18．A.honor B．difficulty
C．experience D．interest
解析：根据文章开头的讲述可知，作者从小就对发明感兴趣。此处指作者对发明的兴趣。
√
19．A.grateful B．polite
C．related D．equal
解析：作者内心很感激爱迪生对他的启发。grateful“感激的”。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
Li Shizhen (July 3, 1518－1593) was a Chinese physician, scientist and herbalist of the Ming Dynasty.His major contribution to clinical medicine was his book Bencao Gangmu.He also developed many creative methods for the proper classification of herb 1 (component) and drugs to be used for treating diseases.
Bencao Gangmu is a medical text with details about 2 (approximate) 1,800 drugs.It also describes the type, form, flavor, nature and 3 (apply) in disease treatments of 1,094 herbs.The book has been translated into many different languages, and is considered 4 the premier reference work for herbal medicine.
In 5 course of writing Bencao Gangmu, he travelled to many places, 6 (gain) first-hand experience with many herbs and local treatments.He 7 (refer) to over 800 books — nearly every medical book in print at the time.
Altogether, the writing of Bencao Gangmu took 27 years, 8 included three revisions.Unfortunately, Li died in 1593.It was three years before the book was officially published in 1596.
Even to this day, Bencao Gangmu still has scientific, medical, and historical significance.There was even a movie 9 (make) about Li Shizhen's life in 1956.His image can be found at almost every traditional medical college in China and in many books about Chinese medicine.There is even a Li Shizhen Medicine Innovation Award for “doctors and researchers who have made 10 (value) contributions to traditional Chinese medicine”．
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了李时珍和他的著作《本草纲目》。
1．components 考查名词复数。component“成分，组成部分”是可数名词，此处表示不止一种成分，故用components。
2．approximately 考查副词。空处作状语，应用副词。approximately“大约”。
3．application 考查名词。空处与前面的几个名词并列，因此也应用名词形式。此处指草药在疾病治疗中的应用，故填application。
4．as 考查介词。be considered as表示“被认为是，被看作”，为固定用法。
5．the 考查冠词。in the course of“在……的时候，在……期间”是固定搭配，故填定冠词the。
6．gaining 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，空处应为非谓语动词作结果状语，且gain与主语he之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。
7．referred 考查动词的时态。此处描述过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。注意：refer的过去式要先双写r，再加-ed。
8．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整句话，且在从句中作主语，故用which引导。
9．made 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词作后置定语；make与movie之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且动作已经完成，故用过去分词表示被动和完成。
10．valuable 考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词contributions，应用形容词，意为“宝贵的，有价值的”，故填valuable。UNIT 1 课时检测(二) “Reading and Thinking”
的新知学习环节
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．__________ (十分严重的) damage witnessed the destructive force of the storm.
2．The information I got was rich and varied, or even __________ (相互矛盾的)．
3．To my surprise, he can speak __________ (多种多样的) languages fluently.
4．People should __________ (联系) theory with practice when doing work.
5．I declined because I knew they had their own __________ (家庭) to deal with.
6．She washed her face at the __________ (抽水机) in front of the inn.
7．If you __________ (怀疑) a gas leak, do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light.
8．For migrant workers, lacking the knowledge of __________ (操纵) computers has trapped them into trouble.
9．It's often said that one can only achieve something __________ (重大的) in a certain area by applying oneself to it.
10．These __________ (统计数字) are important from an ecological point of view.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He failed in the exam again, which made him __________ (frustrate)．
2．The demand for the product decreased ________ 20% compared to last year.
3．A healthy diet combined with regular exercise can help your body resist __________ (infect)．
4．Though they made an investigation into the matter, they didn't hold out any __________ (prove)．
5．It suddenly occurred to him that they must be __________ (blame) for the accident.
6．She was about to stop the match when the instructor __________ (intervention)．
7．The Internet has transformed the world ________ a global village, altering all aspects of our life.
8．It is a racing machine, designed __________ (pure) for speed.
Ⅲ.选词填空
once and for all， subscribe to， thanks to， think of， die from， in general， find out， what's more， as a result of， mark ...on ...
1．A large number of ocean animals ______________ global warming.
2．Political philosopher cannot resolve these arguments ______________.
3．What's important to you is your own life, no matter what others ______________ you.
4．______________ his tireless efforts, we succeeded in finishing the project on time.
5．______________， we should take full advantage of water, electricity, paper, food and so on.
6．Can you __________ these English speaking countries ________ the map of the world
7．It happens that I have just seen the film, and I ______________ your opinion about it.
8．______________，letters are classified into two categories: personal letters and business letters.
9．______________ an accident, Tony was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness.
10．When I ______________ that I had won the writing competition, I was overwhelmed by a strong feeling of astonishment.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．她垂下头，不知该如何回答。(疑问词＋不定式)
She hung her head, not sure ______________.
2．她高兴得几乎要哭了。(so ...that ...)
She ________________________ she was on the edge of tears.
3．最让我担心的是我忘记了妈妈的生日。(表语从句)
What worried me most ______________________ my mom's birthday.
4．似乎每个学生都陷入了沉思，回想着这个动人的故事。(现在分词短语作状语)
It seemed that every student was lost in deep thought, ________________________________________________________________________.
5．为了给那些比赛优胜者颁奖，学校举行了一场盛大的仪式。(定语从句)
A grand ceremony was held to award prizes ____________________________________.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Cholera used to be one of the most ①________ (fear) diseases in the world.It causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration and even ②__________ (die)．In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died ③__________ the disease.As a young doctor, John Snow became ④__________ (frustrate) because no one knew how ⑤__________ (prevent) or treat cholera.⑥__________ general, doctors in those days had two contradictory ⑦__________ (theory) to explain how cholera spread.Snow subscribed to the second theory.He began by marking on a map the exact places ⑧__________ all those who died had lived.He suspected that the water pump was ⑨____________ (blame)．Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed.Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in ⑩________ (it) tracks.We now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow.So Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Brian Greene, a professor of physics and mathematics at Columbia University, has created an online science education platform.He tries to “build a bridge” with things you know about, and then “bring you across that bridge to the strange place of modern physics”．
Recently I had a chance to ask Greene about wormholes (a hole which some scientists think might exist, connecting parts of space and time that are not usually connected), time travel and other mysteries of the universe.I asked him a million dollar question: What if I went through a wormhole and prevented my parents from meeting？“Most of us believe that the universe makes sense，” Greene said.Although there are several interesting theories about time travel, he added, the laws of physics would probably prevent something so illogical from taking place.The good news is that the time paradox (悖论) is open for future physicists to solve.
When asked how physics could become more exciting for kids, Greene said that books by Stephen Weinberg, Leonard Susskind, and other physicists, make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but aren't yet ready, perhaps, to learn maths.
When I pointed out that some students still might find physics boring, Greene said that the key is to teach them about things that are strange.“The basic stuff is important，” Greene said.“But I think it's really important to also describe the more modern ideas, things like black holes and the Big Bang.If kids have those ideas in mind, then at least some of them will be excited to learn all the details.”
Greene has followed Albert Einstein's lead in trying to solve the mysteries of the universe.Now he wants kids to do the same.As Greene said, physics is “not just a matter of solving problems in an exam”．It's about experimenting, showing an interest in strange phenomena — and having fun!
1．A million dollar question is probably very ________.
A．direct B．difficult
C．personal D．long
2．The books by Weinberg, Susskind and other physicists ________.
A．are boring to read
B．are mainly about maths
C．are popular science books
D．are only popular among kids
3．According to paragraph 4, which of the following does Greene agree with
A．Modern physics is a boring subject.
B．Interest plays an important role in studying.
C．It is not necessary to learn all about physics.
D．It is easy to describe black holes and the Big Bang.
4．In the last paragraph, Greene hopes that ________.
A．kids can love science and physics
B．kids can do well in physics exams
C．kids can have fun with experiments
D．kids can find more strange things in life
Ⅱ.完形填空
I have invented robots that crawl (爬) through pipes to check them for damage.Two of my__5__ allow cars to be used as power plants on wheels.My love of building things __6__ when I was a kid.It wasn't until I learned about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became excited about inventing.
When I was in fourth grade, our teacher gave us a __7__.We had to write to a company and learn about the __8__ it made.Each student would then give a report in front of the class.I __9__ the Thomas A．Edison Company.
Soon after I wrote to the company, our mailman __10__ a package to me.It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison.How I __11__ reading and rereading about his inventions! The ones that impressed me most were movies, recorded sound and the electric light.Edison became my hero.
My dad noticed my interest in inventing and __12__ me.He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.
Together, my dad and I repaired radios and televisions.Once, I surprised my dad with a__13__ I made to adjust the brakes (刹车) of our car.Later, we found a similar tool in a store.That's when I learned that __14__ inventors often invent similar things.It is not __15__ for this to happen.I learned, too, that not all great ideas work.__16__ is a common part of the inventing process.
As my father and I worked together, I began to __17__ that my dad was quite an inventor himself.His guiding hands, combined with my __18__ in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor.But I am __19__ to Thomas Edison, too, for first lighting that bulb (电灯泡) inside me.
5.A.approaches B．experiments
C．inventions D．conclusions
6．A.died B．began
C．fade D．won
7．A.project B．lesson
C．surprise D．present
8．A.decisions B．products
C．orders D．reports
9．A.joined B．owned
C．started D．chose
10．A.opened B．offered
C．delivered D．lent
11．A.enjoyed B．minded
C．avoided D．hated
12．A.stopped B．blamed
C．controlled D．encouraged
13．A.tool B．promise
C．mistake D．trick
14．A.young B．different
C．great D．real
15．A.reasonable B．improper
C．practical D．unusual
16．A.Imagination B．Failure
C．Happiness D．Wealth
17．A.hope B．suggest
C．realize D．consider
18．A.honor B．difficulty
C．experience D．interest
19．A.grateful B．polite
C．related D．equal
Ⅲ.语法填空
Li Shizhen (July 3, 1518－1593) was a Chinese physician, scientist and herbalist of the Ming Dynasty.His major contribution to clinical medicine was his book Bencao Gangmu.He also developed many creative methods for the proper classification of herb __1__ (component) and drugs to be used for treating diseases.
Bencao Gangmu is a medical text with details about __2__ (approximate) 1,800 drugs.It also describes the type, form, flavor, nature and __3__ (apply) in disease treatments of 1,094 herbs.The book has been translated into many different languages, and is considered __4__ the premier reference work for herbal medicine.
In __5__ course of writing Bencao Gangmu, he travelled to many places, __6__ (gain) first hand experience with many herbs and local treatments.He __7__ (refer) to over 800 books — nearly every medical book in print at the time.
Altogether, the writing of Bencao Gangmu took 27 years, __8__ included three revisions.Unfortunately, Li died in 1593.It was three years before the book was officially published in 1596.
Even to this day, Bencao Gangmu still has scientific, medical, and historical significance.There was even a movie __9__ (make) about Li Shizhen's life in 1956.His image can be found at almost every traditional medical college in China and in many books about Chinese medicine.There is even a Li Shizhen Medicine Innovation Award for “doctors and researchers who have made __10__ (value) contributions to traditional Chinese medicine”．
UNIT 1 课时检测(二)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.Severe 2.contradictory 3.multiple 4.link
5．households 6.pump 7.suspect 8.handling
9．substantial 10.statistics
Ⅱ.1.frustrated 2.by 3.infection 4.proof 5.to blame
6．intervened 7.into 8.purely
Ⅲ.1.died from 2.once and for all 3.think of 4.Thanks to 5.What's more 6.mark; on 7.subscribe to 8.In general
9．As a result of 10.found out
Ⅳ.1.how to reply 2.was so delighted that
3．was that I had forgotten 4.recalling the moving story
5．to those who won the contest
Ⅴ.①feared ②death ③from ④frustrated ⑤to prevent ⑥In ⑦theories
⑧where ⑨to blame ⑩its
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。物理学家Brian Greene希望更多的孩子能对现代物理学感兴趣。
1．选B 推理判断题。根据第二段中Greene对这个问题的解释以及他说需要未来的物理学家去解决可知，作者提出的这个问题非常难。
2．选C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ ...make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but aren't yet ready, perhaps, to learn maths”可知，Greene认为Weinberg和Susskind等物理学家写的书浅显易懂，适合普通大众阅读，故这些书属于科普读物。
3．选B 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，当作者指出一些学生觉得物理无聊时，Greene说重要的是向孩子们讲述一些稀奇古怪的事以引起他们的兴趣。因此他认为兴趣在学习过程中起着非常重要的作用。
4．选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的前两句可知，Greene希望孩子们可以像他一样对科学和物理感兴趣，去探索宇宙的奥秘。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小就对发明感兴趣，通过做学习课题任务，他更加热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助下，他最终成了一位发明家。
5．选C 根据第一句中的“have invented robots”及下文内容可以看出，此处指作者的另外两个发明。
6．选B 根据空后的“when I was a kid”可知，此处指制作东西的爱好是从孩子时开始的。
7．选A 根据下文学生需要给一家公司写信，等收到公司寄回的产品介绍后，每名学生要在全班同学面前做一个报告可知，这是学校里的老师分配给学生做的课题。project“(学生的)课题”符合语境。
8．选B 根据下文“it made”可知，此处指了解公司生产的产品。
9．选D 根据上文“We had to write to a company”可知，作者选择了爱迪生公司。
10．选C 由“mailman”可知，delivered符合语境，指“邮递员派送包裹”。
11．选A 作者非常崇拜爱迪生，因此喜欢反复阅读有关爱迪生的发明的书。
12．选D 根据下文“He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.”可推测，爸爸鼓励作者继续发明。
13．选A 根据下文“Later, we found a similar tool in a store.”可知，他们在商店发现了类似的工具，因此此处指“工具”。
14．选B 由上下文语境及“similar”提示可知，作者发明的工具和商店里在售的差不多，这时作者了解到，不同的发明家经常发明类似的东西。
15．选D 作者和他爸爸发现他发明的工具和商店里在售的差不多，这时作者了解到，不同的发明家经常发明类似的东西，这种情况很常见。
16．选B 根据上一句“I learned, too, that not all great ideas work.”可知，不是所有的好主意都能实现，因此Failure符合语境。
17．选C 作者在和爸爸合作的过程中意识到爸爸也是一位发明家。
18．选D 根据文章开头的讲述可知，作者从小就对发明感兴趣。此处指作者对发明的兴趣。
19．选A 作者内心很感激爱迪生对他的启发。grateful“感激的”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
1．components 考查名词复数。component“成分，组成部分”是可数名词，此处表示不止一种成分，故用components。
2．approximately 考查副词。空处作状语，应用副词。approximately“大约”。
3．application 考查名词。空处与前面的几个名词并列，因此也应用名词形式。此处指草药在疾病治疗中的应用，故填application。
4．as 考查介词。be considered as表示“被认为是，被看作”，为固定用法。
5．the 考查冠词。in the course of“在……的时候，在……期间”是固定搭配，故填定冠词the。
6．gaining 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，空处应为非谓语动词作结果状语，且gain与主语he之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。
7．referred 考查动词的时态。此处描述过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。注意：refer的过去式要先双写r，再加ed。
8．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整句话，且在从句中作主语，故用which引导。
9．made 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词作后置定语；make与movie之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且动作已经完成，故用过去分词表示被动和完成。
10．valuable 考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词contributions，应用形容词，意为“宝贵的，有价值的”，故填valuable。
