(共98张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Learning About Language
Using Language新知学习一课过
目 录
课时跟踪检测
新学词汇 归类记清
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．special economic zone 经济特__
2．a business setting 营商_____
3．afford the expense 负担这项_____
4．special Envoy of China 中国特___
区
环境
费用
使
5．an acute angle 一个锐___
6．a safety belt 安全___
7．the new educational budget 新的教育_____
8．optimistic outlook 乐观的_____
角
带
预算
前景
二、重点单词——写其形
1． muscle 结实的肌肉
2．amazing 惊人的洞察力
3． one's meaning 理解某人的意思
4．a burden 一个巨大的负担
5．more 更加成熟
firm
insight
grasp
tremendous
mature
6．an economic 经济繁荣
7． his earlier promise 否认他之前的承诺
8． eight points 获得八分
9．from my 我认为/从我的角度看
10．unexpected 无法预料的结果
boom
deny
gain
perspective
outcome
三、活用单词——悉其变
overwhelm
overwhelmed
overwhelming
homesick
homesickness
motivate
motivated
motivation
advise
advice
advisor
reason
reasonable
unreasonable
expect
expected
expectation
apply
application
applicant
expose
exposure
depart
departure
Dramatic
dramatically
behaviour
dramatically
behave
surrounding
surroundings
depress
surround
depression
depressed
depressing
strong
strengths
strengthen
optimistic
optimism
competence
competent
cooperate
cooperation
cooperative
initiate
Initiative
sincere
sincerely
sincerity
logic
logical
illogical
四、拓展构词——明其规
1．exposure: expose(去e)＋ure→n.暴露
[依“规”串记]
①close→closure 关闭；封闭
②please→pleasure 乐趣
③disclose→disclosure 揭露
④enclose→enclosure 围场
⑤compose→composure 镇定
2．dramatic：drama＋tic→adj.巨大的
[依“规”串记]
①Asia→Asiatic 亚洲的
②chaos→chaotic 混乱的
③romance→romantic 浪漫的
④cinema→cinematic 电影的
⑤gene→genetic 遗传的
五、高级词块——通其用
1． 舒适区；舒适范围
2． (使)花一大笔钱
3． 支持；站在……的一边
4． 就我而言；依我看来
5． 总的来说；总之
comfort zone
cost an arm and a leg
side with
as far as I am concerned
in summary
6． 一般来说
7． 遭受
8． 适应
9． 爱上
10． 首先
11． 据我所知
generally speaking
suffer from
adapt to
fall in love with
to begin with
as far as I know
重点词汇 深化学习
1．The first few weeks there were absolutely overwhelming because everything was so different compared to things back home.
刚开始的几个星期我真的受不了，因为这里的一切和我家乡的相比，完全不一样。
★overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的
[用法感知]
①(“心理描写”写作佳句)She felt an overwhelming sense of loss, but knew that life must go on.
她感到非常失落，但是她知道生活还得继续。
②(“心理描写”写作佳句)David was overwhelmed with sadness, with his head dropping and his eyes staring at the ground.
大卫悲痛欲绝，低着头，眼睛盯着地面。
[归纳点拨]
overwhelm with sth. 用某物压倒
be overwhelmed with 充满；被……压倒
be overwhelmed by 被……压倒/淹没；难以承受
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③I was enveloped with (overwhelm) delight and I threw a tight hug to my parents.
④ , I immediately ran toward him, grabbing him firmly by the arm.
我欢天喜地，立即向他跑去，紧紧地抓住他的手臂。
overwhelming
Overwhelmed with joy
2．I became more motivated, and I'm also a lot more ambitious now!
我变得更积极了，现在我也更有雄心了！
★motivated adj.积极的；主动的
[用法感知]
①She felt motivated to keep helping others whenever possible.
只要有可能，她就感觉有动力继续帮助别人。
②She motivated her employees with bonuses to improve productivity.
她用奖金激励员工来提高工作效率。
③(“人物介绍”写作佳句)Whenever I encounter difficulties, her heroic deeds will flash through my mind and motivate me to overcome them.
每当我遇到困难时，她的英雄事迹就会在我脑海中闪现，激励我克服困难。
[归纳点拨]
(1)motivate vt. 成为……的动机；激发；激励
motivate sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事
motivate sb.with/through sth. 用某事(物)激励某人
(2)motivation n. 动力；积极性；动机
motivation for ……的动力
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④These methods can help improve students' (motivate) and interest.
⑤Besides, finding a partner to study together with is also a good way to keep you (motivate)．
motivation
motivated
⑥It enables the learner to assess their performance and motivates them rewards in the form of medals.
⑦I was inspired by their perseverance and determination, and this ______________________my own goals with more confidence.
我被他们的毅力和决心所鼓舞，这激励我更有信心去追求自己的目标。
with
motivated me to pursue
3．Exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world.
接触另一种文化和它的人民能使交换生对世界有更深刻的了解。
★exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露
[用法感知]
①Exposure to the English language which is used in our daily life can make people familiar with it.
接触日常所用英语能使人们熟悉它。
②There is evidence that it is beneficial for children to be exposed to classic literature from childhood.
有证据表明，儿童从小接触经典文学是有益的。
③We must expose this shameful activity to the newspapers.
我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。
[归纳点拨]
(1)exposure to ... 接触/暴露……
(2)expose vt. 使接触；使体验；显露；
使暴露于(险境)
expose ...to ... 使……暴露于/接触……
be exposed to 暴露于；接触
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④The delicate flowers cannot be exposed extreme cold.
⑤This festival is aimed to get them (expose) to foreign music.
⑥There wasn't the same awareness of the dangers of second-hand smoke (expose) that there is today.
to
exposed
exposure
(2)句式升级
⑦Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
→ very loud music every day, young people may risk going deaf.(省略句)
→ very loud music every day makes it possible for young people to risk going deaf.(动名词短语作主语)
If exposed to
Being exposed to
4．Well, I suppose it was difficult to grasp the tones at first.
嗯，我认为一开始是很难掌握语调的。
★grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧；抓牢 n．抓；紧握；理解(力)；领会
[用法感知]
①He grasped the rope with both hands.
他双手抓着绳子。
②(“动作描写”写作佳句)He grasped the thief by the collar and fought with him bravely.
他抓住小偷的衣领，勇敢地与他搏斗。
③The teacher classified the usage of the word so as to make it more easily grasped by his students.
老师对这个词的用法进行了归类，这样学生更容易掌握。
[归纳点拨]
(1)grasp sb.by ... 抓住某人的……
grasp ...with ... 用……抓住……
grasp the opportunity to do sth. 抓住机会做某事
(2)have a grasp of sth. 理解某事
beyond one's grasp 超出某人的理解能力
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④He grasped her firmly the arm.
⑤He was grasping his hat both hands.
⑥I have good grasp of English and I am able to show a number of key skills that you are looking for.
by
with
a
⑦My suggestion is your ideas in English class.
我的建议是在英语课堂上你应该抓住机会表达自己的想法。
[名师点津] grasp同catch一样，由“抓住”可引申为“理解；明白；掌握”。
that you grasp the opportunity to show
5．Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg.
国外的学费和生活开销比国内昂贵得多，大部分家庭最终可能要花费一大笔钱。
★expense n．费用；花费；开销
[用法感知]
①She had spared no expense to make the party a great success.
为使宴会成功她不惜花费。
②I don't want to put you to the expense of buying me dinner.
我不想让你破费请我吃饭。
③In my opinion, it is more important to study what one likes rather than being enrolled in a famous university at the expense of one's interest.
我认为，选择自己喜欢的专业更为重要，而不是为了进入名牌大学放弃自己的兴趣爱好。
[归纳点拨]
(1)spare no expense to do sth. 不惜花费/代价做某事
put sb.to the expense/cost of 让某人破费……
at the expense/cost/price/sacrifice of 以……为代价；放弃
(2)expensive adj. 昂贵的；价格高的
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④Although it's more (expense), it's much faster and more convenient.
⑤He refused to travel the expense of the company and paid for the trip himself.
expensive
at
⑥Please don't put her the expense of flying all the way to New York just for this meeting.
⑦She always when it comes to her children's education, ensuring they have the best tutors and resources.
当涉及她孩子的教育时，她总是毫不吝啬，确保他们拥有最好的导师和资源。
to
spares no expense
6．Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些学生可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
★behave vt.表现vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌
[用法感知]
①It is exactly how we behave that has changed the world.
正是我们如何行动改变了世界。
②I want you to behave yourselves while I'm away.
我不在家时我希望你们守规矩。
③He behaved as if/though nothing had happened.
他表现得好像什么都没发生过。
[归纳点拨]
(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对待某人好/不好
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
behave as if/though 表现得好像……
(2)well-behaved adj. 表现好的
badly-behaved adj. 表现差的
(3)behaviour n．[U] 举止；行为；习性
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The shop assistants behave very well customers.
⑤What do you think of the host's (behave) at the stage that day
⑥My camera since it was repaired.
我的相机自从维修后一直工作正常。
towards/to
behaviour
has been behaving well
★surroundings n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物
[用法感知]
①(主旨升华句)Happiness comes from within your heart, not from your surroundings.
幸福来自你的内心，而不是你的环境。
②Surround yourself with good people who love you and inspire you.
让爱你、激励你的好人簇拥着你。
[归纳点拨]
(1)surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的
(2)surround vt. 环绕；围绕；(使)包围
surround ...with ... 以……环绕/包围……
be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围/环绕
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③It took me a few weeks to get used to my new _______________
(surround)．
④The province is surrounded the sea.
⑤Walking out of the theatre，the medical workers found themselves (surround) by excited people.
surroundings
with/by
surrounded
⑥The school is located , with green trees and flowers in blossom all year around.
学校的环境非常宜人，全年绿树成荫，花团锦簇。
in very pleasant surroundings
[易混辨析] surroundings, environment
surroundings 专指自然环境，从周围的事物这一客体着眼
environment 可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，均从环境给人的感受、道德及观念的影响着眼。所以常说：beautiful surroundings, happy environment
选用上述单词填空
⑦The child grew up in beautiful but not in a happy home .
这个孩子是在美丽的自然环境中长大的，但不是生长在一个幸福的家庭环境中。
surroundings
environment
课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The student quickly (理解)the concept after studying it in depth.
2．She was careful with her (开销), always looking for ways to save money.
grasped
expenses
3．I hold the (坚定的) belief that it also has given many others motivation of life and study.
4．This activity proved to be a success, which enables us to acquire a deeper (洞察力) to Chinese culture.
5．After years of experience and growth, he has become a more _______(成熟的) and responsible person.
firm
insight
mature
6．It cannot be (否认) that great changes have taken place in China in the past 30 years.
7．It is (乐观的) attitude that enables people to build up confidence, hope and courage.
8．She has a positive (观点) on her future career and is excited about the opportunities ahead.
denied
optimistic
outlook
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The beauty of the natural landscape was __________________
(overwhelm), taking their breath away.
2．Your belief in my abilities fueled my (motivate) to work harder and persevere through challenges.
3．From my point of view, it is more (reason) to support the first opinion rather than the second.
overwhelming
motivation
reasonable
4．Thank you for your (expect) and I am looking forward to hearing from you.
5．The (apply) for the job position presented an impressive resume and cover letter.
6．Constant (expose) to the sun can lead to skin damage and premature aging.
expectation
applicant
exposure
7．The (depart) of the train was delayed due to a sudden downpour.
8．The (surround) countryside was covered in a blanket of snow.
9． (depress) and low-spirited, he walked at the end of the line with his head drooping.
departure
surrounding
Depressed
10．It is acknowledged that the cross-country race is an opportunity to (strength) our will.
11．The success of the project depended on the ____________(cooperate) of all team members.
12．I think all of us should mind our (behave) in public places.
strengthen
cooperation
behavior
Ⅲ.选词填空
as far as I am concerned， in summary， side with， cost an arm and a leg， to begin with， contribute to， in turn， get involved in
1．She saw a beautiful coat but it .
2． , it's time to share some secrets with you.
cost an arm and a leg
As far as I am concerned
3．First, we need to clean the house, and then we can decorate it_______.
4．To ensure a satisfying celebration, many activities are in store for us to .
5． , the research shows that exercise has a positive impact on mental health and well-being.
in turn
get involved in
In summary
6．After careful consideration, the board of directors decided to _________the management in the dispute.
7． , it is generally acknowledged that one should arrive 10 minutes earlier in our tradition.
8．It is universally acknowledged that scientific advancement _____________the continuous social progress.
side with
To begin with
contributes to
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Therefore, I suggest .
因此，我建议你尽快报名。
2．In the past few decades, in medical technology.
在过去的几十年里，医疗技术取得了许多进步。
you sign up as soon as possible
there have been many advances
3．The lesson in this story is to get what you want.
这个故事告诉我们：你必须努力工作才能得到你想要的。
4．People seem___________________________________________
.
人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
that you must work hard
to ignore the fact that education does not end
with graduation
5． to broaden one's horizons.
出国留学提供了一个开阔视野的好机会。
Studying abroad provides an excellent opportunity
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
Boundaries are everywhere. Some are for security. Some are for privacy. But some are just for us to 1 .
One day, after supper, I took a walk on the 2 . Taotao, my 5-year-old son, was bouncing excitedly behind me. He 3 a thin stick and acted as the Monkey King all the time. The sidewalk was paved by
red bricks, 4 sharply with the pitch (沥青)-paved bikeway and formed a clear 5 . “Use the sidewalk. It's safe，” I 6 my son frequently.
Suddenly a maple leaf was blown off and 7 quietly on the bikeway, about two steps away. Taotao was totally 8 . He stopped, bent down and tried to fetch it but failed. He 9 his stick, tried hard again but still failed. A bit 10 ， he stood up and moved one step forward, but not
beyond the boundary. After several more attempts with the stick, the leaf was still not moving to him. I was right beside him, worried a lot about his further 11 .
Finally, he stood up, threw away the stick 12 ， stepped across the boundary and picked up the leaf directly. Yeah! I saw a 13 smile on his face!
Many times we 14 our thinking within a boundary and can't find a good solution; many times we hold existing 15 at hand, never thinking about whether they are still useful. We are not lacking in knowledge but short of knowing how to break the thinking boundaries.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要通过讲述作者的儿子在人行道上捡树叶的故事来说明我们不缺知识，缺的是懂得如何打破思维的界限。
1．A.build B．break
C．adjust D．expand
解析：根据最后一段的“short of knowing how to break the thinking boundaries”可知，此处是说“有些界线是我们要打破的”。
√
2．A.driveway B．crosswalk
C．sidewalk D．bikeway
解析：根据后文的“The sidewalk was paved by red bricks”可知，作者是在人行道上散步。
√
√
3．A.swung B．hid
C．rolled D．bent
解析：根据后文的“acted as the Monkey King”可知，作者的儿子挥舞着一根细棍，一直扮演着美猴王的角色。
√
4．A.contrasting B．combining
C．comparing D．corresponding
解析：根据“red bricks”和“the pitch (沥青)-paved”可知，红砖铺成的人行道与沥青铺成的自行车道对比鲜明，形成了清晰的界线。
√
5．A.sign B．boundary
C．figure D．pattern
解析：此处表示形成了清晰的界线。
√
6．A.threatened B．urged
C．inspired D．reminded
解析：“Use the sidewalk. It's safe”是作者对儿子的提醒。
√
7．A.laid B．put
C．sank D．landed
解析：根据上文“Suddenly a maple leaf was blown off”以及后文“on the bikeway”可知，枫叶是落在自行车道上，因此空格处表示“着陆”。
√
8．A.convinced B．absorbed
C．controlled D．trapped
解析：根据后文的“He stopped, bent down and tried to fetch it but failed.”可知，作者的儿子全神贯注地看着枫叶。
√
9．A.broke up B．picked up
C．reached out D．sent out
解析：根据“his stick”可知，他伸出棍子去够枫叶。
√
10．A.annoyed B．satisfied
C．delighted D．concerned
解析：根据上文的“still failed”可知，他又一次失败了，因此会感到生气。
√
11．A.progress B．vision
C．observation D．findings
解析：根据“his further”可知，作者非常担心儿子更够不着枫叶。
√
12．A.repeatedly B．accidentally
C．heavily D．carefully
解析：根据上文的“A bit ”可知，他生气了，所以重重地扔掉棍子。
√
13．A.bitter B．embarrassing
C．sweet D．curious
解析：根据上文的“picked up the leaf”可知，作者的儿子捡起了枫叶，因此会觉得高兴，自然会露出甜美的微笑。
√
14．A.start B．restrict
C．close D．operate
解析：根据后文的“within a boundary”可知，我们把自己的思维限制在一个边界内。
√
15．A.facilities B．materials
C．weapons D．tools
解析：根据“at hand, never thinking about whether they are still useful”可知，我们手里握着现有的工具，却从不考虑它们是否仍然有用，因此空格处选“工具”。
Ⅱ.语法填空
In China, most people think that 1 (have) big eyes, double eyelids, a thin waist and fair skin is beautiful.But that's just the 2__ (appear)．Many other things make people beautiful as well.
My father said that the beauty of the Chinese people is in being gentle and implicit, like an ink painting.My grandma told me that, while dancing in the square, it is beautiful 3 (wear)colorful scarves and smile 4 (bright) at everyone.My teacher said China is 5_ ancient country of etiquette (礼节), and our beauty lies 6 elegance and dignity.My classmate believed that beauty is being simple and 7_ (nature)．Now image editing software makes everyone look the same, but she thought everyone should show their own characters.
Compared with some people, 8 see softness and consideration as beautiful, other people may prefer being strong and confident.Their standards of beautiful skin color and body shape are also very broad.However, people's aesthetics (审美观) are always changing, 9_ the exchange of cultures also influences each other.No one can describe beauty for a country or a social group.The world 10 (become) more beautiful if we accept all kinds of ideas about beauty.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同文化对美的不同的理解。
1．having 考查非谓语动词。v.-ing形式作主语。
2．appearance 考查名词。分析句子成分可知，空处应用名词形式appearance (外表)。
3．to wear 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词担当真正的主语，用动词不定式形式，构成句型：it is＋adj.＋to do sth.，意为“做某事是……”。故填to wear。
4．brightly 考查副词。修饰动词“smile”，用副词形式。故填brightly。
5．an 考查冠词。修饰可数名词“country”，表示泛指，用不定冠词。
6．in 考查介词。lie in意为“在于……”。故填in。
7．natural 考查形容词。分析句子成分，根据空前的“simple and”可知，空处为形容词做being的表语。故填natural。
8．who 考查非限制性定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词some people，指人，所以用who引导。
9．and 考查连词。空前“people's aesthetics (审美观) are always changing”和空后“the exchange of cultures also influences each other”之间为并列关系。故填and。
10．will become 考查时态。空处为本句谓语动词，根据从句时态可知，主句时态为一般将来时。
新学词汇·归类记清
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．special economic zone 经济特
2．a business setting 营商
3．afford the expense 负担这项______
4．special Envoy of China 中国特________
5．an acute angle 一个锐________
6．a safety belt 安全__________
7．the new educational budget 新的教育______
8．optimistic outlook 乐观的________
二、重点单词——写其形
1．__________ muscle 结实的肌肉
2．amazing __________ 惊人的洞察力
3．__________ one's meaning 理解某人的意思
4．a __________ burden 一个巨大的负担
5．more __________ 更加成熟
6．an economic __________ 经济繁荣
7．________ his earlier promise 否认他之前的承诺
8．__________ eight points 获得八分
9．from my __________ 我认为/从我的角度看
10．unexpected __________ 无法预料的结果
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
四、拓展构词——明其规
1．exposure: expose(去e)＋ure→n.暴露
[依“规”串记]
①close→closure 关闭；封闭
②please→pleasure 乐趣
③disclose→disclosure 揭露
④enclose→enclosure 围场
⑤compose→composure 镇定
2．dramatic：drama＋tic→adj.巨大的
[依“规”串记]
①Asia→Asiatic 亚洲的
②chaos→chaotic 混乱的
③romance→romantic 浪漫的
④cinema→cinematic 电影的
⑤gene→genetic 遗传的
五、高级词块——通其用
1．______________ 舒适区；舒适范围
2．______________ (使)花一大笔钱
3．______________ 支持；站在……的一边
4．______________ 就我而言；依我看来
5．______________ 总的来说；总之
6．______________ 一般来说
7．______________ 遭受
8．______________ 适应
9．______________ 爱上
10．______________ 首先
11．______________ 据我所知
重点词汇·深化学习
1．The first few weeks there were absolutely overwhelming because everything was so different compared to things back home.
刚开始的几个星期我真的受不了，因为这里的一切和我家乡的相比，完全不一样。
★overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的
[用法感知]
①(“心理描写”写作佳句)She felt an overwhelming sense of loss, but knew that life must go on.
她感到非常失落，但是她知道生活还得继续。
②(“心理描写”写作佳句)David was overwhelmed with sadness, with his head dropping and his eyes staring at the ground.
大卫悲痛欲绝，低着头，眼睛盯着地面。
[归纳点拨]
overwhelm with sth. 用某物压倒
be overwhelmed with 充满；被……压倒
be overwhelmed by 被……压倒/淹没；难以承受
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③I was enveloped with __________________ (overwhelm) delight and I threw a tight hug to my parents.
④________________________， I immediately ran toward him, grabbing him firmly by the arm.
我欢天喜地，立即向他跑去，紧紧地抓住他的手臂。
2．I became more motivated, and I'm also a lot more ambitious now!
我变得更积极了，现在我也更有雄心了！
★motivated adj.积极的；主动的
[用法感知]
①She felt motivated to keep helping others whenever possible.
只要有可能，她就感觉有动力继续帮助别人。
②She motivated her employees with bonuses to improve productivity.
她用奖金激励员工来提高工作效率。
③(“人物介绍”写作佳句)Whenever I encounter difficulties, her heroic deeds will flash through my mind and motivate me to overcome them.
每当我遇到困难时，她的英雄事迹就会在我脑海中闪现，激励我克服困难。
[归纳点拨]
(1)motivate vt. 成为……的动机；激发；激励
motivate sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事
motivate sb.with/through sth. 用某事(物)激励某人
(2)motivation n. 动力；积极性；动机
motivation for ……的动力
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④These methods can help improve students' __________ (motivate) and interest.
⑤Besides, finding a partner to study together with is also a good way to keep you ________(motivate)．
⑥It enables the learner to assess their performance and motivates them __________ rewards in the form of medals.
⑦I was inspired by their perseverance and determination, and this ____________________________ my own goals with more confidence.
我被他们的毅力和决心所鼓舞，这激励我更有信心去追求自己的目标。
3．Exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world.
接触另一种文化和它的人民能使交换生对世界有更深刻的了解。
★exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露
[用法感知]
①Exposure to the English language which is used in our daily life can make people familiar with it.
接触日常所用英语能使人们熟悉它。
②There is evidence that it is beneficial for children to be exposed to classic literature from childhood.
有证据表明，儿童从小接触经典文学是有益的。
③We must expose this shameful activity to the newspapers.
我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。
[归纳点拨]
(1)exposure to ... 接触/暴露……
(2)expose vt. 使接触；使体验；显露；
使暴露于(险境)
expose ...to ... 使……暴露于/接触……
be exposed to 暴露于；接触
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④The delicate flowers cannot be exposed __________ extreme cold.
⑤This festival is aimed to get them ________ (expose) to foreign music.
⑥There wasn't the same awareness of the dangers of second-hand smoke __________ (expose) that there is today.
(2)句式升级
⑦Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
→____________________ very loud music every day, young people may risk going deaf.(省略句)
→____________________ very loud music every day makes it possible for young people to risk going deaf.(动名词短语作主语)
4．Well, I suppose it was difficult to grasp the tones at first.
嗯，我认为一开始是很难掌握语调的。
★grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧；抓牢 n．抓；紧握；理解(力)；领会
[用法感知]
①He grasped the rope with both hands.
他双手抓着绳子。
②(“动作描写”写作佳句)He grasped the thief by the collar and fought with him bravely.
他抓住小偷的衣领，勇敢地与他搏斗。
③The teacher classified the usage of the word so as to make it more easily grasped by his students.老师对这个词的用法进行了归类，这样学生更容易掌握。
[归纳点拨]
(1)grasp sb.by ... 抓住某人的……
grasp ...with ... 用……抓住……
grasp the opportunity to do sth. 抓住机会做某事
(2)have a grasp of sth. 理解某事
beyond one's grasp 超出某人的理解能力
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④He grasped her firmly __________ the arm.
⑤He was grasping his hat __________ both hands.
⑥I have __________ good grasp of English and I am able to show a number of key skills that you are looking for.
⑦My suggestion is ____________________________________ your ideas in English class.
我的建议是在英语课堂上你应该抓住机会表达自己的想法。
[名师点津] grasp同catch一样，由“抓住”可引申为“理解；明白；掌握”。
5．Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg.
国外的学费和生活开销比国内昂贵得多，大部分家庭最终可能要花费一大笔钱。
★expense n．费用；花费；开销
[用法感知]
①She had spared no expense to make the party a great success.
为使宴会成功她不惜花费。
②I don't want to put you to the expense of buying me dinner.
我不想让你破费请我吃饭。
③In my opinion, it is more important to study what one likes rather than being enrolled in a famous university at the expense of one's interest.
我认为，选择自己喜欢的专业更为重要，而不是为了进入名牌大学放弃自己的兴趣爱好。
[归纳点拨]
(1)spare no expense to do sth. 不惜花费/代价做某事
put sb.to the expense/cost of 让某人破费……
at the expense/cost/price/sacrifice of 以……为代价；放弃
(2)expensive adj. 昂贵的；价格高的
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④Although it's more __________(expense), it's much faster and more convenient.
⑤He refused to travel __________ the expense of the company and paid for the trip himself.
⑥Please don't put her __________ the expense of flying all the way to New York just for this meeting.
⑦She always ________________________ when it comes to her children's education, ensuring they have the best tutors and resources.
当涉及她孩子的教育时，她总是毫不吝啬，确保他们拥有最好的导师和资源。
6．Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些学生可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
★behave vt.表现vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌
[用法感知]
①It is exactly how we behave that has changed the world.
正是我们如何行动改变了世界。
②I want you to behave yourselves while I'm away.
我不在家时我希望你们守规矩。
③He behaved as if/though nothing had happened.
他表现得好像什么都没发生过。
[归纳点拨]
(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对待某人好/不好
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
behave as if/though 表现得好像……
(2)well-behaved adj. 表现好的
badly-behaved adj. 表现差的
(3)behaviour n．[U] 举止；行为；习性
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The shop assistants behave very well ________ customers.
⑤What do you think of the host's __________ (behave) at the stage that day
⑥My camera ____________________ since it was repaired.
我的相机自从维修后一直工作正常。
★surroundings n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物
[用法感知]
①(主旨升华句)Happiness comes from within your heart, not from your surroundings.
幸福来自你的内心，而不是你的环境。
②Surround yourself with good people who love you and inspire you.
让爱你、激励你的好人簇拥着你。
[归纳点拨]
(1)surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的
(2)surround vt. 环绕；围绕；(使)包围
surround ...with ... 以……环绕/包围……
be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围/环绕
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③It took me a few weeks to get used to my new __________ (surround)．
④The province is surrounded __________ the sea.
⑤Walking out of the theatre，the medical workers found themselves __________ (surround) by excited people.
⑥The school is located ____________________________， with green trees and flowers in blossom all year around.
学校的环境非常宜人，全年绿树成荫，花团锦簇。
[易混辨析] surroundings, environment
surroundings 专指自然环境，从周围的事物这一客体着眼
environment 可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，均从环境给人的感受、道德及观念的影响着眼。所以常说：beautiful surroundings, happy environment
选用上述单词填空
⑦The child grew up in beautiful __________ but not in a happy home __________.
这个孩子是在美丽的自然环境中长大的，但不是生长在一个幸福的家庭环境中。
Section Ⅳ
新学词汇·归类记清
一、1.区 2.环境 3.费用 4.使 5.角 6.带 7.预算
8．前景
二、1.firm 2.insight 3.grasp 4.tremendous 5.mature
6．boom 7.deny 8.gain 9.perspective 10.outcome
三、1.①overwhelm ②overwhelmed ③overwhelming
2．①homesick ②homesickness 3.①motivate ②motivated
③motivation 4.①advise ②advice ③advisor
5．①reason ②reasonable ③unreasonable 6.①expect
②expected ③expectation 7.①apply ②application
③applicant 8.①expose ②exposure
9．①depart ②departure 10.①Drama ②dramatic
③dramatically 11.①behave ②behaviour
12．①surround ②surrounding ③surroundings
13．①depress ②depression ③depressed ④depressing 14.①strong ②strengths ③strengthen 15.①optimistic ②optimism 16.①competence ②competent
17．①cooperate ②cooperation ③cooperative
18．①initiate ②Initiative 19.①sincere ②sincerely
③sincerity 20.①logic ②logical ③illogical
五、1.comfort zone 2.cost an arm and a leg 3.side with
4．as far as I am concerned 5.in summary
6．generally speaking 7.suffer from 8.adapt to
9．fall in love with 10.to begin with 11.as far as I know
重点词汇·深化学习
1．③overwhelming ④Overwhelmed with joy
2．④motivation ⑤motivated ⑥with
⑦motivated me to pursue
3．④to ⑤exposed ⑥exposure
⑦If exposed to; Being exposed to
4．④by ⑤with ⑥a
⑦that you grasp the opportunity to show
5．④expensive ⑤at ⑥to ⑦spares no expense
6．★④towards/to ⑤behaviour ⑥has been behaving well
★③surroundings ④with/by ⑤surrounded
⑥in very pleasant surroundings ⑦surroundings; environmentUNIT 2 课时检测(四)
新知学习一课过
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The student quickly __________ (理解)the concept after studying it in depth.
2．She was careful with her __________ (开销), always looking for ways to save money.
3．I hold the __________ (坚定的) belief that it also has given many others motivation of life and study.
4．This activity proved to be a success, which enables us to acquire a deeper ________________ (洞察力) to Chinese culture.
5．After years of experience and growth, he has become a more __________ (成熟的) and responsible person.
6．It cannot be ______ (否认) that great changes have taken place in China in the past 30 years.
7．It is __________ (乐观的) attitude that enables people to build up confidence, hope and courage.
8．She has a positive ________ (观点) on her future career and is excited about the opportunities ahead.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The beauty of the natural landscape was ________ (overwhelm), taking their breath away.
2．Your belief in my abilities fueled my __________ (motivate) to work harder and persevere through challenges.
3．From my point of view, it is more ________ (reason) to support the first opinion rather than the second.
4．Thank you for your __________ (expect) and I am looking forward to hearing from you.
5．The __________ (apply) for the job position presented an impressive resume and cover letter.
6．Constant __________ (expose) to the sun can lead to skin damage and premature aging.
7．The __________ (depart) of the train was delayed due to a sudden downpour.
8．The __________ (surround) countryside was covered in a blanket of snow.
9．__________ (depress) and low spirited, he walked at the end of the line with his head drooping.
10．It is acknowledged that the cross country race is an opportunity to ________ (strength) our will.
11．The success of the project depended on the __________ (cooperate) of all team members.
12．I think all of us should mind our __________ (behave) in public places.
Ⅲ.选词填空
as far as I am concerned， in summary， side with， cost an arm and a leg， to begin with， contribute to， in turn， get involved in
1．She saw a beautiful coat but it ______________.
2．______________， it's time to share some secrets with you.
3．First, we need to clean the house, and then we can decorate it ______________.
4．To ensure a satisfying celebration, many activities are in store for us to ______________.
5．______________， the research shows that exercise has a positive impact on mental health and well being.
6．After careful consideration, the board of directors decided to ______________ the management in the dispute.
7．______________， it is generally acknowledged that one should arrive 10 minutes earlier in our tradition.
8．It is universally acknowledged that scientific advancement ______________ the continuous social progress.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Therefore, I suggest __________________________________________________.
因此，我建议你尽快报名。
2．In the past few decades, ________________________________ in medical technology.
在过去的几十年里，医疗技术取得了许多进步。
3．The lesson in this story is ____________________________________ to get what you want.
这个故事告诉我们：你必须努力工作才能得到你想要的。
4．People seem __________________________________________________.
人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5．__________________________________________ to broaden one's horizons.
出国留学提供了一个开阔视野的好机会。
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
Boundaries are everywhere. Some are for security. Some are for privacy. But some are just for us to __1__.
One day, after supper, I took a walk on the __2__. Taotao, my 5 year old son, was bouncing excitedly behind me. He __3__ a thin stick and acted as the Monkey King all the time. The sidewalk was paved by red bricks, __4__ sharply with the pitch (沥青) paved bikeway and formed a clear __5__. “Use the sidewalk. It's safe，” I __6__ my son frequently.
Suddenly a maple leaf was blown off and __7__ quietly on the bikeway, about two steps away. Taotao was totally __8__. He stopped, bent down and tried to fetch it but failed. He __9__ his stick, tried hard again but still failed. A bit __10__， he stood up and moved one step forward, but not beyond the boundary. After several more attempts with the stick, the leaf was still not moving to him. I was right beside him, worried a lot about his further __11__.
Finally, he stood up, threw away the stick __12__， stepped across the boundary and picked up the leaf directly. Yeah! I saw a __13__ smile on his face!
Many times we __14__ our thinking within a boundary and can't find a good solution; many times we hold existing __15__ at hand, never thinking about whether they are still useful. We are not lacking in knowledge but short of knowing how to break the thinking boundaries.
1．A.build B．break
C．adjust D．expand
2．A.driveway B．crosswalk
C．sidewalk D．bikeway
3．A.swung B．hid
C．rolled D．bent
4．A.contrasting B．combining
C．comparing D．corresponding
5．A.sign B．boundary
C．figure D．pattern
6．A.threatened B．urged
C．inspired D．reminded
7．A.laid B．put
C．sank D．landed
8．A.convinced B．absorbed
C．controlled D．trapped
9．A.broke up B．picked up
C．reached out D．sent out
10．A.annoyed B．satisfied
C．delighted D．concerned
11．A.progress B．vision
C．observation D．findings
12．A.repeatedly B．accidentally
C．heavily D．carefully
13．A.bitter B．embarrassing
C．sweet D．curious
14．A.start B．restrict
C．close D．operate
15．A.facilities B．materials
C．weapons D．tools
Ⅱ.语法填空
In China, most people think that __1__ (have) big eyes, double eyelids, a thin waist and fair skin is beautiful.But that's just the ___2__ (appear)．Many other things make people beautiful as well.
My father said that the beauty of the Chinese people is in being gentle and implicit, like an ink painting.My grandma told me that, while dancing in the square, it is beautiful __3__ (wear)colorful scarves and smile __4__ (bright) at everyone.My teacher said China is __5__ ancient country of etiquette (礼节), and our beauty lies __6__ elegance and dignity.My classmate believed that beauty is being simple and __7__ (nature)．Now image editing software makes everyone look the same, but she thought everyone should show their own characters.
Compared with some people, __8__ see softness and consideration as beautiful, other people may prefer being strong and confident.Their standards of beautiful skin color and body shape are also very broad.However, people's aesthetics (审美观) are always changing, __9__ the exchange of cultures also influences each other.No one can describe beauty for a country or a social group.The world __10__ (become) more beautiful if we accept all kinds of ideas about beauty.
UNIT 2 课时检测(四)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.grasped 2.expenses 3.firm 4.insight 5.mature
6．denied 7.optimistic 8.outlook
Ⅱ.1.overwhelming 2.motivation 3.reasonable
4．expectation 5.applicant 6.exposure 7.departure
8．surrounding 9.Depressed 10.strengthen 11.cooperation
12．behavior
Ⅲ.1.cost an arm and a leg 2.As far as I am concerned
3．in turn 4.get involved in 5.In summary 6.side with
7．To begin with 8.contributes to
Ⅳ.1.you sign up as soon as possible
2．there have been many advances 3.that you must work hard
4．to ignore the fact that education does not end with graduation
5．Studying abroad provides an excellent opportunity
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要通过讲述作者的儿子在人行道上捡树叶的故事来说明我们不缺知识，缺的是懂得如何打破思维的界限。
1．选B 根据最后一段的“short of knowing how to break the thinking boundaries”可知，此处是说“有些界线是我们要打破的”。
2．选C 根据后文的“The sidewalk was paved by red bricks”可知，作者是在人行道上散步。
3．选A 根据后文的“acted as the Monkey King”可知，作者的儿子挥舞着一根细棍，一直扮演着美猴王的角色。
4．选A 根据“red bricks”和“the pitch (沥青) paved”可知，红砖铺成的人行道与沥青铺成的自行车道对比鲜明，形成了清晰的界线。
5．选B 此处表示形成了清晰的界线。
6．选D “Use the sidewalk. It's safe”是作者对儿子的提醒。
7．选D 根据上文“Suddenly a maple leaf was blown off”以及后文“on the bikeway”可知，枫叶是落在自行车道上，因此空格处表示“着陆”。
8．选B 根据后文的“He stopped, bent down and tried to fetch it but failed.”可知，作者的儿子全神贯注地看着枫叶。
9．选C 根据“his stick”可知，他伸出棍子去够枫叶。
10．选A 根据上文的“still failed”可知，他又一次失败了，因此会感到生气。
11．选A 根据“his further”可知，作者非常担心儿子更够不着枫叶。
12．选C 根据上文的“A bit ____”可知，他生气了，所以重重地扔掉棍子。
13．选C 根据上文的“picked up the leaf”可知，作者的儿子捡起了枫叶，因此会觉得高兴，自然会露出甜美的微笑。
14．选B 根据后文的“within a boundary”可知，我们把自己的思维限制在一个边界内。
15．选D 根据“at hand, never thinking about whether they are still useful”可知，我们手里握着现有的工具，却从不考虑它们是否仍然有用，因此空格处选“工具”。
Ⅱ.语法填空
1．having 考查非谓语动词。v. ing形式作主语。
2．appearance 考查名词。分析句子成分可知，空处应用名词形式appearance (外表)。
3．to wear 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词担当真正的主语，用动词不定式形式，构成句型：it is＋adj.＋to do sth.，意为“做某事是……”。故填to wear。
4．brightly 考查副词。修饰动词“smile”，用副词形式。故填brightly。
5．an 考查冠词。修饰可数名词“country”，表示泛指，用不定冠词。
6．in 考查介词。lie in意为“在于……”。故填in。
7．natural 考查形容词。分析句子成分，根据空前的“simple and”可知，空处为形容词做being的表语。故填natural。
8．who 考查非限制性定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词some people，指人，所以用who引导。
9．and 考查连词。空前“people's aesthetics (审美观) are always changing”和空后“the exchange of cultures also influences each other”之间为并列关系。故填and。
10．will become 考查时态。空处为本句谓语动词，根据从句时态可知，主句时态为一般将来时。
