(共95张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Learning About Language
Using Language新知学习一课过
目 录
NO.1 积词汇 / 由记准到用活
NO.2 通句式/ 由规则到熟用
课时跟踪检测
积词汇 / 由记准到用活
NO.1
新学词汇 归类记清
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．a brand of coffee 咖啡_____
2．be famous for the olive 以 闻名
3．a basic ingredient 基本_____
4．a rich chocolate dessert 腻人的巧克力_____
品牌
橄榄树
成分
甜点
5．roll in dough 擀_______
6．a university canteen 大学_____
7．set off for the cafeteria 动身去_________
8．a pearl necklace 项链
9．calorie intake 摄入量
生面团
餐厅
自助餐厅
珍珠
卡路里
10．full of vitamins and fibre 富含 和_____
11．dairy products 制品
12．chew gum 口香糖
13．overall improvement 提高
维生素
纤维
奶
咀嚼
全面
二、重点单词——写其形
1． prices 稳定的价格
2． different 稍微不同
3．be divided into three main 分为三大类
4．have higher of sugar 糖的含量较高
5．the diet 理想的饮食
6．a amount of food 少量的食物
stable
somewhat
categories
quantities
ideal
modest
三、活用单词——悉其变
association
associate
moderation
moderate
fundamental
fundament
consist
consistently
trick
tricky
consistent
四、拓展构词——明其规
1．association：-ion结尾的名词
[依“规”串记]
①operation 操作 ②decoration 装饰；装饰品
③description 描述；描写 ④devotion 奉献
2．consistent：-ent结尾的形容词
[依“规”串记]
①different 不同的 ②excellent 杰出的
③confident 自信的 ④apparent 显而易见的
五、高级词块——通其用
1． 至于；关于
2． 组成；构成；编造
3． 死于
4． 不管；不顾
as to
make up
die from
regardless of
5． 换言之
6． 削减；缩小
7． 停止做；删去；删除；裁剪
8． 大量的
in other words
cut down on
cut out
quantities of
9． 而不是
10． 结果是做……
11． 开始
12． 思路或行为正确
rather than
end up doing
start with
be on the right track
重点词汇 深化学习
1. And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day (Journal of the American Medical Association, 2014).
在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍(《美国医学会杂志》，2014年)。
★association n．协会；关联
[用法感知]
①We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless.
我们正与一家当地公司联手为无家可归的人筹钱。
②(“传统文化”写作佳句) Many of the solar terms have become associated with Chinese customs over the centuries.
几个世纪以来，许多节气都与中国习俗联系在一起。
③The groups you associate with often determine the type of person you become — healthy or unhealthy.
你交往的圈子通常决定你会成为哪一种人：健康还是不健康。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in association with 与……联合/有关联
(2)associate v. 联想；联系；交往
associate ...with ... 把……与……联系起来
associate with sb. 与某人交往/联系
(3)be/become associated with 与……有关
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④Despite usually being associated the Chinese, the Lunar New Year is also celebrated in other countries.
⑤We naturally associate the name of Darwin the theory of evolution.
with
with
⑥I am Li Hua，chairman of the Students' Association.I will organize a painting exhibition___________________________________
.
我是学生会主席李华。我将联合其他几所大学组织一次画展。
⑦As far as I know， optimistic people，you will be unlikely to be depressed.
在我看来，只要你和乐观的人交往，你就不太可能抑郁。
in association with several other
universities
as long as you associate with
2. This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be.
无论他们饮食的其他方面多么健康，都确实如此。
★regardless of 不管；不顾
[用法感知]
①(主旨升华句) I can see his positive attitude and passion for life through his work “Sunflowers”， which teaches me to keep going forward regardless of the difficulties of life.
通过他的作品《向日葵》，我能看到他积极的态度和对生活的热情，这部作品教会我无论生活多么艰难都要勇往直前。
②(“咨询”类佳句)I am writing to consult you, hoping to get some valuable advice with regard to major application.
我写信咨询你，希望能得到一些关于申请专业的宝贵建议。
③Despite the great difficulties, he always had a positive attitude and greeted everyone each morning with a huge smile.
尽管困难重重，但他总是保持积极的态度，每天早上用灿烂的笑容迎接每个人。
[归纳点拨]
(1)regardless of强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接whether, what引导的从句，或者the fact that从句。
(2)despite/in spite of意为“尽管……”，其后常接名词，不接从句。
(3)as regards/with regard to 关于；至于
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
④ regard to gifts, in my opinion, some Chinese traditional cakes and fruits will be OK.
⑤ her terrible illness, she worked hard and succeeded in the scientific research field.
尽管她病得厉害，但是她还是勤奋工作并在科研领域取得了成功。
With
In spite of/Despite
⑥ I meet with on my way to success, I will never give up and go all out for my dream university.
无论我在成功的道路上遇到任何困难，我都不会放弃，我将会为我梦想的大学全力以赴。
Regardless of any difficulty
(2)一句多译
尽管她手头不宽裕，她仍尽力给穷人带来食物和药物。
⑦ she was on a tight budget, she tried to bring food and medicine to the poor.
⑧ being on a tight budget, she tried to bring food and medicine to the poor.
Regardless of the fact that
In spite of/Despite
3. In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts, and cut out sweet drinks altogether.
换言之，要想身体健康，就必须少吃甜点，完全禁饮甜饮料。
★cut down on削减；缩小
[用法感知]
①You should cut down on fats and carbohydrates.
你应该减少脂肪和碳水化合物的摄入。
②He cut out some paper dragons to welcome the Chinese Lunar New Year of the Dragon.
他剪了一些纸龙来迎接中国农历龙年。
③(“动作描写”写作佳句)Just like a chicken with its head cut off, she searched every inch of the park for three hours.
她像只无头苍蝇一样，花了三个小时把公园里的每一寸地方都找遍了。
[归纳点拨]
cut out 停止做；删去；阻挡(尤指光线)；裁剪
cut across 抄近路；走捷径
cut in 插话
cut up 切碎；切开
cut off 切断(供应)；中断(电话通话等)；切掉
cut down 砍倒
[应用融会]
(1)用cut的相关短语填空
④The water supply has been temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes.
⑤ the carrots before you put them into the pot.
⑥She kept on our conversation, which made us very angry.
cut off
Cut up
cutting in
(2)完成句子
⑦Immediate action should be taken, like _________________________
to improve the environment.
应当马上采取措施，比如，停止砍伐树木以改善环境。
⑧In order not to be late, she chose to .
为了不迟到，她选择了抄近路穿过田野。
stopping cutting down trees
cut across the fields
4. Processed foods often contain less nutrition, and have higher quantities of sugar, salt, and fat than fresh ingredients.
相比新鲜食材，加工食品通常营养成分较低，糖分、盐分和脂肪含量更高。
★quantity n．数量；数额
[用法感知]
①First, quantities of harmful gases are given out from factories, spreading in the sky and blocking the sunlight.
首先，大量的有害气体从工厂排放出来，在空中蔓延，挡住了阳光。
②A large quantity of money was donated by these readers.
这些读者捐了一大笔钱。
③The development of sharing economy has resulted in the number and variety of sharing bikes to increase in quantity.
共享经济的发展使得共享单车的数量和种类大量增加。
[归纳点拨]
a large/small quantity of 大/少量的
(large) quantities of 大量的
in quantity＝in large amounts 大量地
名师点津：(1)a quantity of/quantities of后面既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词。(2)“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④A large quantity of air conditioners (sell) since the summer came.
⑤It is well-known that it's cheaper to buy goods quantity.
have been sold
in
(2)一句多译
人们已经为地震灾区筹集了大量的资金。
⑥Quantities of money for the earthquake-hit area.
⑦ has been collected for the earthquake-hit area.
have been collected
A large quantity of money
5. There is no one trick to healthy eating.
健康饮食没有诀窍。
★trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏；窍门；恶作剧 v．欺骗；欺诈
[用法感知]
①(“情绪描写”写作佳句) I recalled that he often played tricks on me, which often made me lose my temper.
我记得他经常捉弄我，这经常使我发脾气。
②(2022·浙江6月高考写作) Seeing the fear and panic in my eyes, the lady smilingly came over and patiently explained the tricks of passing out dinners more efficiently.
看到我眼中惊恐表情，那位女士微笑着走了过来，耐心地向我解释高效分发晚餐的技巧。
[归纳点拨]
(1)play tricks/a trick on sb. 对某人搞恶作剧/开玩笑
[应用融会]
(1)写出下列各句中trick的汉语意思
③He tricked me into lending him 10,000 yuan._____
④He used the old trick of attacking in order to defend himself._____
⑤The children loved playing tricks on each other._______
欺骗
窍门
恶作剧
(2)单句语法填空/完成句子
⑥Don't take it seriously; she just wants to play tricks you.
⑦We (trick) into buying a poor car, which made us very upset.
⑧He and a wave of extreme anger swept over me.
他哄骗我，使我犯下了愚蠢的错误，一股怒气涌上了我的心头。
on
were tricked
tricked me into making such a foolish mistake
通句式 / 由规则到熟用
NO.2
1. And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day ...
在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍……
此句中的twice as likely ...是倍数表达法。常见句型：
(1) ...倍数＋比较级＋than ...
(2) ...倍数＋as＋原级＋as ...
(3) ...倍数＋the＋名词(size, length, width, height ...)＋of ...
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空)
①There is four times as much water in this pot in that one.
②There are five times more books in our library in yours.
③Not only is this river twice the (wide) of that one but it also is three times the (long) of that one.
as
than
width
length
(2)通过“一句多译”做到熟练运用
(2022·天津高考书面表达)正如短视频中所显示的，现在英语口语俱乐部的成员人数是刚成立时的四倍。
④As is shown in the short video, the Spoken English Club now has when it was founded.
⑤As is shown in the short video, the Spoken English Club now has when it was founded.
four times as many members as
four times more members than
2. It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.你想如何生活、如何做出正确的饮食抉择，这完全取决于你自己。
It is/was up to sb. to do sth.意为“由某人决定做某事；取决于某人”，相当于It is/was sb.'s duty to do sth.。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空)
①I've given you my advice; whether or not you act on it is up you.
＝I've given you my advice；it is up to you (decide) whether or not you act on it.
to
to decide
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
②今年夏天我们是否去北京度假由你决定。
whether we will go to Beijing for a holiday or not this summer.
It's up to you to decide
③该由我主持主题为“中国传统文化”的班会了，所以我写信向你寻求一些建议。
themed “Traditional Chinese Culture”， so I am writing to ask some advice from you.
It's up to me to host the class meeting
3. Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks. The average American gets 1/3 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone.
第一句是主题句，是段落的核心，明确指出段落的主旨。第二句是支撑句，用来扩展、解释或证明主题句，采用了举例子和列数据的方法，确保主题句的观点得到充分展开。在说明文写作中经常采用这些写作手法。
[应用融会] (运用以上说明方法翻译下面句子)
许多人背痛，尤其是上班族。例如，一项调查显示，70%的上班族患有背痛，主要原因是他们每天长时间坐在电脑前。
Many people suffer from back pain, especially office workers. For example, a survey shows that 70% of office workers have suffered from back pain, and the main reason is that they sit in front of the computer for a long time every day.
课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Butter, in addition to sugar, eggs and flours, is an essential __________(材料) for baking.
2．Be certain to eat slowly and (咀嚼) your food extremely well.
ingredient
chew
3．The university is (理想的) for you to learn Chinese culture.
4．This is the most (基本的) theoretical problem in film course.
5．The changes of (数量) cause the changes of quality.
ideal
fundamental
quantity
6．The situation has changed (有点) since we last met.
7．All these results are (一致的) with previous predictions.
8．On that day, family members always climb the mountains together, enjoying the colorful chrysanthemum flowers and tasting delicious ________(甜点)．
somewhat
consistent
desserts
9．This book clearly falls into the (种类) of fictionalised autobiography.
10．And maybe you listen and drink in (适度) or not at all.
category
moderation
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．To gain in this new city, I desire to hunt for a _____ job.(stable)
2．The Students' plans to organize a speech competition themed “Good health is with good eating habits”．(associate)
stability
stable
Association
associated
3．A amount of stress can be beneficial, and the doctor advises more in eating and drinking. (moderate)
4．I will patiently tell you some to deal with the ______ problem.(trick)
moderate
moderation
tricks
tricky
Ⅲ.选词填空
regardless of， play a trick on， as to， make up， cut down on， end up， rather than， quantities of， start with， in other words
1．He is the last to come; , he is the latest.
2．I think it's very unkind of you to stories about him.
in other words
make up
3．The law requires equal treatment for all, race, religion, or sex.
4．Large fish were caught in the sea.
5．When I'm going out in the evening, I use the bike if I can ___________the car.
6．I have no way yet how to deal with such a complicated situation.
regardless of
quantities of
rather than
as to
7．He coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.
8．Jane's sister her — she put orange juice in her shampoo bottle!
9．Why does Jack doing all the work by himself
10．It is a good idea to smaller, easily achievable goals.
cut down on
played a trick on
end up
start with
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Foreigners always the Great Wall.
外国人总是把中国和长城联系在一起。
2．Yes, I promised, and now it .
是的，我答应过，现在就看你了。
associate China with
is up to you
3． to this area.
大量的蔬菜已被运送到这个地区。
4．This job is open to all, .
这份工作任何人都可以应聘，不管以前的工作经历如何。
Large quantities of vegetables have been transported
regardless of previous experience
5．正在新建的体育馆将是原来的三倍大。
①The new stadium being built will be the previous one.(size)
②The new stadium being built will be the previous one.(as)
③The new stadium being built will be the previous one.(比较级＋than)
three times the size of
three times as big as
three times bigger than
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I've been a vegetarian, too. Getting older, I wonder if I ignored my parents' 1 . After all, they are more 2 with meals where meat is the centerpiece.
Whenever Sajan and I come home, my mom starts 3 our meals weeks before we arrive. She researches new 4 dishes and stocks up on beans and yogurt though she 5 both. So often, even though we're all 6 at the table together, we're eating 7 meals. I've never really 8_ with my mom about the food tension in our relationship. But earlier this summer, I 9 asked her about it.
“It is sometimes a(n) 10 to cook your food，” she admitted. “But it is important for us to 11 your and Sajan's Indian vegetarian diet.”
She also had her question, “You don't miss the 12 you grew up with？”
I do. And I don't.
My mom still makes my favorite cookies. But because I've been away from home for so long, I've 13 lots of new foods, and Indian food has become my food. I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking to her, I 14 I was wrong.
Love can be shown through food in different ways. Just make a little room for what our loved ones choose to 15 .
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者认识有素食传统的丈夫之后，也一直吃素。每次回家的时候，以肉为主的母亲都会精心地研究新的素食菜肴。作者从中意识到爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来。
√
1．A.talents B．commands
C．traditions D．efforts
解析：根据“After all, they are more with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”可知，父母的传统(traditions)是以肉食为主。故选C。
√
2．A.concerned B．comfortable
C．patient D．strict
解析：根据“meals where meat is the centerpiece”可知，作者的父母喜欢以肉食为主。be comfortable with“对……感到愉快”。故选B。
√
3．A.planning B．cooking
C．serving D．lasting
解析：根据“weeks before we arrive”可知，作者的母亲在作者和丈夫回家之前就开始计划(planning)他们的素食饮食。故选A。
√
4．A.side B．meat
C．local D．vegetarian
解析：根据上文“My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I've been a vegetarian, too.”可知，因为作者和丈夫都是素食主义者，所以母亲研究素食(vegetarian)菜肴。故选D。
√
5．A.dislikes B．recommends
C．desires D．loses
解析：根据上文“After all, they are more with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”和转折词though可知，母亲并不喜欢(dislikes)豆类和酸奶。故选A。
√
6．A.standing B．sitting
C．lying D．kneeling
解析：根据“at the table together”可知，一起坐(sitting)在桌子旁就餐。故选B。
√
7．A.healthy B．delicious
C．different D．heavy
解析：根据“So often, even though we're all at the table together” 和前文可知，作者和丈夫是素食主义者，而作者的父母是以肉为主，所以吃着不同的(different)食物。故选C。
√
8．A.talked B．agreed
C．met D．quarreled
解析：根据下文“about the food tension in our relationship”可知，作者从没有和母亲交谈(talked)过关于饮食方面的紧张关系。故选A。
√
9．A.quickly B．gradually
C．regularly D．finally
解析：根据上文“I've never really with my mom about the food tension in our relationship.”和转折词But可知，作者最终(finally)忍不住问了。故选D。
√
10．A.challenge B．adventure
C．pleasure D．blessing
解析：作者的母亲承认有时候给作者夫妇做饭是一种挑战(challenge)。故选A。
√
11．A.change B．honor
C．balance D．follow
解析：根据“But it is important for us”可知，母亲认为尊重(honor)作者和作者的丈夫的素食饮食习惯很重要。故选B。
√
12．A.trouble B．stories
C．family D．flavors
解析：根据“I do. And I don't.”可知，母亲问作者是否怀念小时候的味道(flavors)。故选D。
√
13．A.given away B．left behind
C．got attached to D．fallen short of
解析：根据“But because I've been away from home for so long”可知，作者离家太久，已经爱上(got attached to)了很多新食物。故选C。
√
14．A.forgot B．hoped
C．realized D．denied
解析：根据“I always assumed she felt hurt by that，but talking to her”可知，作者意识到(realized)自己错了。故选C。
√
15．A.sell B．say
C．read D．eat
解析：根据“Love can be shown through food in different ways.”可知，爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来，我们要给我们所爱的人留点吃(eat)的空间。故选D。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Chinese foods, with a long history, 1 (be) known for their special taste and delicacy (精细). Here are several traditional Chinese foods.
Noodles are a symbol of long life in Chinese culture. They are as much a part as 2 birthday cake with its candles 3 (light) in Western countries. Since noodles mean long life, it is considered very 4 (lucky) to cut it off.
In China, a whole fish 5 (symbolize) richness. At a party, it is a tradition to serve the whole fish. Fish also has a special meaning because the Chinese character for fish, yu, sounds like the word for richness. So 6 is believed that eating fish will help your wishes come true in the year to come.
Another popular dish is zongzi, 7 is served during the Dragon Boat Festival. This tasty dish 8 (make) of sticky rice with meat, peanuts or other delicious food in bamboo 9 (leaf). The tradition of zongzi is meant to remind us 10 a great Chinese poet, Qu Yuan.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的三种美食：面条、鱼和粽子。
1．are 考查时态和主谓一致。短语be known for意为“以……而闻名”，主语是Chinese foods，谓语用复数形式，时态应用一般现在时，故填are。
2．a 考查冠词。birthday cake是单数形式，cake是可数名词，此处泛指“一个”，故填a。
3．lit/lighted 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语成分，its candles与light之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动意义，意为“蜡烛被点燃”，故填lit/lighted。
4．unlucky 考查形容词。此句谓语是is considered，后接形容词，结合句意，此处表示“不吉利的”，故填unlucky。
5．symbolizes 考查时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；该句主语是a whole fish，是第三人称单数，故填symbolizes。
6．it 考查代词。此处考查it作形式主语的句式：it＋be＋过去分词＋that从句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，故填it。
7．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是zongzi，指物，在从句中作主语，故填关系词which。
8．is made 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；主语是dish，为单数形式；短语be made of意为 “由……组成，由……材料制成”。
9．leaves 考查名词复数。leaf是可数名词，此处应用复数形式，故填leaves。
10．of 考查介词。此处为固定搭配remind sb.of sth.“提醒某人某事”。
新学词汇·归类记清
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．a brand of coffee 咖啡______________
2．be famous for the olive 以____________闻名
3．a basic ingredient 基本____________
4．a rich chocolate dessert 腻人的巧克力______
5．roll in dough 擀________________
6．a university canteen 大学______________
7．set off for the cafeteria 动身去____________
8．a pearl necklace ______________项链
9．calorie intake ____________摄入量
10．full of vitamins and fibre 富含______和______
11．dairy products ______________制品
12．chew gum ____________口香糖
13．overall improvement ______________提高
二、重点单词——写其形
1．__________ prices 稳定的价格
2．__________ different 稍微不同
3．be divided into three main __________分为三大类
4．have higher __________ of sugar 糖的含量较高
5．the __________ diet 理想的饮食
6．a __________ amount of food 少量的食物
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
四、拓展构词——明其规
1．association：-ion结尾的名词
[依“规”串记]
①operation 操作 ②decoration 装饰；装饰品
③description 描述；描写 ④devotion 奉献
2．consistent：-ent结尾的形容词
[依“规”串记]
①different 不同的 ②excellent 杰出的
③confident 自信的 ④apparent 显而易见的
五、高级词块——通其用
1．______________ 至于；关于
2．______________ 组成；构成；编造
3．______________ 死于
4．______________ 不管；不顾
5．______________ 换言之
6．______________ 削减；缩小
7．______________ 停止做；删去；删除；裁剪
8．______________ 大量的
9．______________ 而不是
10．______________ 结果是做……
11．______________ 开始
12．______________ 思路或行为正确
重点词汇·深化学习
1. And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day (Journal of the American Medical Association, 2014).
在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍(《美国医学会杂志》，2014年)。
★association n．协会；关联
[用法感知]
①We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless.
我们正与一家当地公司联手为无家可归的人筹钱。
②(“传统文化”写作佳句) Many of the solar terms have become associated with Chinese customs over the centuries.
几个世纪以来，许多节气都与中国习俗联系在一起。
③The groups you associate with often determine the type of person you become — healthy or unhealthy. 你交往的圈子通常决定你会成为哪一种人：健康还是不健康。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in association with 与……联合/有关联
(2)associate v. 联想；联系；交往
associate ...with ... 把……与……联系起来
associate with sb. 与某人交往/联系
(3)be/become associated with 与……有关
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④Despite usually being associated __________ the Chinese, the Lunar New Year is also celebrated in other countries.
⑤We naturally associate the name of Darwin __________ the theory of evolution.
⑥I am Li Hua，chairman of the Students' Association.I will organize a painting exhibition ________________________________________________________________________.
我是学生会主席李华。我将联合其他几所大学组织一次画展。
⑦As far as I know，________________________________ optimistic people，you will be unlikely to be depressed.
在我看来，只要你和乐观的人交往，你就不太可能抑郁。
2. This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be.
无论他们饮食的其他方面多么健康，都确实如此。
★regardless of 不管；不顾
[用法感知]
①(主旨升华句) I can see his positive attitude and passion for life through his work “Sunflowers”， which teaches me to keep going forward regardless of the difficulties of life.
通过他的作品《向日葵》，我能看到他积极的态度和对生活的热情，这部作品教会我无论生活多么艰难都要勇往直前。
②(“咨询”类佳句)I am writing to consult you, hoping to get some valuable advice with regard to major application.
我写信咨询你，希望能得到一些关于申请专业的宝贵建议。
③Despite the great difficulties, he always had a positive attitude and greeted everyone each morning with a huge smile.
尽管困难重重，但他总是保持积极的态度，每天早上用灿烂的笑容迎接每个人。
[归纳点拨]
(1)regardless of强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接whether, what引导的从句，或者the fact that从句。
(2)despite/in spite of 意为“尽管……”，其后常接名词，不接从句。
(3)as regards/with regard to 关于；至于
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
④__________ regard to gifts, in my opinion, some Chinese traditional cakes and fruits will be OK.
⑤________________ her terrible illness, she worked hard and succeeded in the scientific research field.
尽管她病得厉害，但是她还是勤奋工作并在科研领域取得了成功。
⑥____________________________ I meet with on my way to success, I will never give up and go all out for my dream university.
无论我在成功的道路上遇到任何困难，我都不会放弃，我将会为我梦想的大学全力以赴。
(2)一句多译
尽管她手头不宽裕，她仍尽力给穷人带来食物和药物。
⑦____________________________ she was on a tight budget, she tried to bring food and medicine to the poor.
⑧________________ being on a tight budget, she tried to bring food and medicine to the poor.
3. In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts, and cut out sweet drinks altogether.
换言之，要想身体健康，就必须少吃甜点，完全禁饮甜饮料。
★cut down on削减；缩小
[用法感知]
①You should cut down on fats and carbohydrates.
你应该减少脂肪和碳水化合物的摄入。
②He cut out some paper dragons to welcome the Chinese Lunar New Year of the Dragon.
他剪了一些纸龙来迎接中国农历龙年。
③(“动作描写”写作佳句)Just like a chicken with its head cut off, she searched every inch of the park for three hours.
她像只无头苍蝇一样，花了三个小时把公园里的每一寸地方都找遍了。
[归纳点拨]
cut out 停止做；删去；阻挡(尤指光线)；裁剪
cut across 抄近路；走捷径
cut in 插话
cut up 切碎；切开
cut off 切断(供应)；中断(电话通话等)；切掉
cut down 砍倒
[应用融会]
(1)用cut的相关短语填空
④The water supply has been ____________ temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes.
⑤____________ the carrots before you put them into the pot.
⑥She kept ____________ on our conversation, which made us very angry.
(2)完成句子
⑦Immediate action should be taken, like ________________________ to improve the environment.
应当马上采取措施，比如，停止砍伐树木以改善环境。
⑧In order not to be late, she chose to ________________________________.
为了不迟到，她选择了抄近路穿过田野。
4. Processed foods often contain less nutrition, and have higher quantities of sugar, salt, and fat than fresh ingredients.
相比新鲜食材，加工食品通常营养成分较低，糖分、盐分和脂肪含量更高。
★quantity n．数量；数额
[用法感知]
①First, quantities of harmful gases are given out from factories, spreading in the sky and blocking the sunlight. 首先，大量的有害气体从工厂排放出来，在空中蔓延，挡住了阳光。
②A large quantity of money was donated by these readers.这些读者捐了一大笔钱。
③The development of sharing economy has resulted in the number and variety of sharing bikes to increase in quantity. 共享经济的发展使得共享单车的数量和种类大量增加。
[归纳点拨]
a large/small quantity of 大/少量的
(large) quantities of 大量的
in quantity＝in large amounts 大量地
名师点津：(1)a quantity of/quantities of后面既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词。(2)“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④A large quantity of air conditioners ________________ (sell) since the summer came.
⑤It is well-known that it's cheaper to buy goods __________ quantity.
(2)一句多译
人们已经为地震灾区筹集了大量的资金。
⑥Quantities of money ____________________ for the earthquake-hit area.
⑦________________________ has been collected for the earthquake-hit area.
5. There is no one trick to healthy eating.
健康饮食没有诀窍。
★trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏；窍门；恶作剧 v．欺骗；欺诈
[用法感知]
①(“情绪描写”写作佳句) I recalled that he often played tricks on me, which often made me lose my temper.
我记得他经常捉弄我，这经常使我发脾气。
②(2022·浙江6月高考写作) Seeing the fear and panic in my eyes, the lady smilingly came over and patiently explained the tricks of passing out dinners more efficiently.
看到我眼中惊恐表情，那位女士微笑着走了过来，耐心地向我解释高效分发晚餐的技巧。
[归纳点拨]
(1)play tricks/a trick on sb. 对某人搞恶作剧/开玩笑
取笑某人
(2)trick sb.
[应用融会]
(1)写出下列各句中trick的汉语意思
③He tricked me into lending him 10,000 yuan.__________
④He used the old trick of attacking in order to defend himself.__________
⑤The children loved playing tricks on each other.__________
(2)单句语法填空/完成句子
⑥Don't take it seriously; she just wants to play tricks __________ you.
⑦We ________________ (trick) into buying a poor car, which made us very upset.
⑧He ________________________________________________ and a wave of extreme anger swept over me.
他哄骗我，使我犯下了愚蠢的错误，一股怒气涌上了我的心头。
1. And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day ...
在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍……
此句中的twice as likely ...是倍数表达法。常见句型：
(1)．..倍数＋比较级＋than ...
(2)．..倍数＋as＋原级＋as ...
(3)．..倍数＋the＋名词(size, length, width, height ...)＋of ...
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空)
①There is four times as much water in this pot __________ in that one.
②There are five times more books in our library __________ in yours.
③Not only is this river twice the __________ (wide) of that one but it also is three times the __________ (long) of that one.
(2)通过“一句多译”做到熟练运用
(2022·天津高考书面表达)正如短视频中所显示的，现在英语口语俱乐部的成员人数是刚成立时的四倍。
④As is shown in the short video, the Spoken English Club now has ____________________________________ when it was founded.
⑤As is shown in the short video, the Spoken English Club now has ____________________________________ when it was founded.
2. It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.你想如何生活、如何做出正确的饮食抉择，这完全取决于你自己。
It is/was up to sb. to do sth.意为“由某人决定做某事；取决于某人”，相当于It is/was sb.'s duty to do sth.。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空)
①I've given you my advice; whether or not you act on it is up __________ you.
＝I've given you my advice；it is up to you ______________ (decide) whether or not you act on it.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
②今年夏天我们是否去北京度假由你决定。
________________________ whether we will go to Beijing for a holiday or not this summer.
③该由我主持主题为“中国传统文化”的班会了，所以我写信向你寻求一些建议。
______________________________________ themed “Traditional Chinese Culture”， so I am writing to ask some advice from you.
3. Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks. The average American gets 1/3 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone.
第一句是主题句，是段落的核心，明确指出段落的主旨。第二句是支撑句，用来扩展、解释或证明主题句，采用了举例子和列数据的方法，确保主题句的观点得到充分展开。在说明文写作中经常采用这些写作手法。
[应用融会] (运用以上说明方法翻译下面句子)
许多人背痛，尤其是上班族。例如，一项调查显示，70%的上班族患有背痛，主要原因是他们每天长时间坐在电脑前。
Section Ⅳ
NO.1 积词汇
新学词汇·归类记清
一、1.品牌 2.橄榄树 3.成分 4.甜点 5.生面团 6.餐厅
7．自助餐厅 8.珍珠 9.卡路里 10.维生素； 纤维 11.奶
12．咀嚼 13.全面
二、1.stable 2.somewhat 3.categories 4.quantities 5.ideal 6.modest
三、1.①association ②associate 2.①moderation ②moderate
3．①fundamental ②fundament 4.①consistent ②consist
③consistently 5.①trick ②tricky
五、1.as to 2.make up 3.die from 4.regardless of
5．in other words 6.cut down on 7.cut out 8.quantities of
9．rather than 10.end up doing 11.start with
12．be on the right track
重点词汇·深化学习
1．④with ⑤with ⑥in association with several other universities
⑦as long as you associate with
2．④With ⑤In spite of/Despite ⑥Regardless of any difficulty
⑦Regardless of the fact that ⑧In spite of/Despite
3．④cut off ⑤Cut up ⑥cutting in
⑦stopping cutting down trees ⑧cut across the fields
4．④have been sold ⑤in ⑥have been collected
⑦A large quantity of money
5．③欺骗 ④窍门 ⑤恶作剧 ⑥on ⑦were tricked
⑧tricked me into making such a foolish mistake
NO.2 通句式
1．①as ②than ③width; length ④four times as many members as ⑤four times more members than
2．①to; to decide ②It's up to you to decide
③It's up to me to host the class meeting
3．Many people suffer from back pain, especially office workers. For example, a survey shows that 70% of office workers have suffered from back pain, and the main reason is that they sit in front of the computer for a long time every day.UNIT 3 课时检测(四)
新知学习一课过
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Butter, in addition to sugar, eggs and flours, is an essential __________ (材料) for baking.
2．Be certain to eat slowly and __________ (咀嚼) your food extremely well.
3．The university is __________ (理想的) for you to learn Chinese culture.
4．This is the most __________ (基本的) theoretical problem in film course.
5．The changes of __________ (数量) cause the changes of quality.
6．The situation has changed __________ (有点) since we last met.
7．All these results are __________ (一致的) with previous predictions.
8．On that day, family members always climb the mountains together, enjoying the colorful chrysanthemum flowers and tasting delicious __________ (甜点)．
9．This book clearly falls into the ______________ (种类) of fictionalised autobiography.
10．And maybe you listen and drink in __________ (适度) or not at all.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．To gain __________ in this new city, I desire to hunt for a __________ job.(stable)
2．The Students' __________ plans to organize a speech competition themed “Good health is __________ with good eating habits”．(associate)
3．A __________ amount of stress can be beneficial, and the doctor advises more __________ in eating and drinking. (moderate)
4．I will patiently tell you some __________ to deal with the __________ problem.(trick)
Ⅲ.选词填空
regardless of， play a trick on， as to， make up， cut down on， end up， rather than， quantities of， start with， in other words
1．He is the last to come; ______________， he is the latest.
2．I think it's very unkind of you to ______________ stories about him.
3．The law requires equal treatment for all, ______________ race, religion, or sex.
4．Large ______________ fish were caught in the sea.
5．When I'm going out in the evening, I use the bike if I can ______________ the car.
6．I have no way yet ______________ how to deal with such a complicated situation.
7．He ______________ coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.
8．Jane's sister ______________ her — she put orange juice in her shampoo bottle!
9．Why does Jack ______________ doing all the work by himself
10．It is a good idea to ______________ smaller, easily achievable goals.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Foreigners always ________________________ the Great Wall.
外国人总是把中国和长城联系在一起。
2．Yes, I promised, and now it ________________.
是的，我答应过，现在就看你了。
3．________________________________________________________________________ to this area.
大量的蔬菜已被运送到这个地区。
4．This job is open to all, ___________________________________________________.
这份工作任何人都可以应聘，不管以前的工作经历如何。
5．正在新建的体育馆将是原来的三倍大。
①The new stadium being built will be ________________________ the previous one.(size)
②The new stadium being built will be ________________________ the previous one.(as)
③The new stadium being built will be ______________________ the previous one.(比较级＋than)
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I've been a vegetarian, too. Getting older, I wonder if I ignored my parents'__1__. After all, they are more __2__ with meals where meat is the centerpiece.
Whenever Sajan and I come home, my mom starts __3__ our meals weeks before we arrive. She researches new __4__ dishes and stocks up on beans and yogurt though she __5__ both. So often, even though we're all __6__ at the table together, we're eating __7__ meals. I've never really __8__ with my mom about the food tension in our relationship. But earlier this summer, I __9__ asked her about it.
“It is sometimes a(n) __10__ to cook your food，” she admitted. “But it is important for us to __11__ your and Sajan's Indian vegetarian diet.”
She also had her question, “You don't miss the __12__ you grew up with？”
I do. And I don't.
My mom still makes my favorite cookies. But because I've been away from home for so long, I've __13__ lots of new foods, and Indian food has become my food. I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking to her, I __14__ I was wrong.
Love can be shown through food in different ways. Just make a little room for what our loved ones choose to __15__.
1．A.talents B．commands
C．traditions D．efforts
2．A.concerned B．comfortable
C．patient D．strict
3．A.planning B．cooking
C．serving D．lasting
4．A.side B．meat
C．local D．vegetarian
5．A.dislikes B．recommends
C．desires D．loses
6．A.standing B．sitting
C．lying D．kneeling
7．A.healthy B．delicious
C．different D．heavy
8．A.talked B．agreed
C．met D．quarreled
9．A.quickly B．gradually
C．regularly D．finally
10．A.challenge B．adventure
C．pleasure D．blessing
11．A.change B．honor
C．balance D．follow
12．A.trouble B．stories
C．family D．flavors
13．A.given away B．left behind
C．got attached to D．fallen short of
14．A.forgot B．hoped
C．realized D．denied
15．A.sell B．say
C．read D．eat
Ⅱ.语法填空
Chinese foods, with a long history, __1__ (be) known for their special taste and delicacy (精细). Here are several traditional Chinese foods.
Noodles are a symbol of long life in Chinese culture. They are as much a part as __2__ birthday cake with its candles __3__ (light) in Western countries. Since noodles mean long life, it is considered very __4__ (lucky) to cut it off.
In China, a whole fish __5__ (symbolize) richness. At a party, it is a tradition to serve the whole fish. Fish also has a special meaning because the Chinese character for fish, yu, sounds like the word for richness. So __6__ is believed that eating fish will help your wishes come true in the year to come.
Another popular dish is zongzi, __7__ is served during the Dragon Boat Festival. This tasty dish __8__ (make) of sticky rice with meat, peanuts or other delicious food in bamboo __9__ (leaf). The tradition of zongzi is meant to remind us __10__ a great Chinese poet, Qu Yuan.
UNIT 3 课时检测(四)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.ingredient 2.chew 3.ideal 4.fundamental 5.quantity
6．somewhat 7.consistent 8.desserts 9.category
10．moderation
Ⅱ.1.stability; stable 2.Association; associated
3．moderate; moderation 4.tricks; tricky
Ⅲ.1.in other words 2.make up 3.regardless of
4．quantities of 5.rather than 6.as to 7.cut down on
8．played a trick on 9.end up 10.start with
Ⅳ.1.associate China with 2.is up to you
3．Large quantities of vegetables have been transported
4．regardless of previous experience 5.①three times the size of
②three times as big as ③three times bigger than
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者认识有素食传统的丈夫之后，也一直吃素。每次回家的时候，以肉为主的母亲都会精心地研究新的素食菜肴。作者从中意识到爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来。
1．选C 根据“After all, they are more ______ with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”可知，父母的传统(traditions)是以肉食为主。故选C。
2．选B 根据“meals where meat is the centerpiece”可知，作者的父母喜欢以肉食为主。be comfortable with“对……感到愉快”。故选B。
3．选A 根据“weeks before we arrive”可知，作者的母亲在作者和丈夫回家之前就开始计划(planning)他们的素食饮食。故选A。
4．选D 根据上文“My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I've been a vegetarian, too.”可知，因为作者和丈夫都是素食主义者，所以母亲研究素食(vegetarian)菜肴。故选D。
5．选A 根据上文“After all, they are more ________ with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”和转折词though可知，母亲并不喜欢(dislikes)豆类和酸奶。故选A。
6．选B 根据“at the table together”可知，一起坐(sitting)在桌子旁就餐。故选B。
7．选C 根据“So often, even though we're all ______ at the table together” 和前文可知，作者和丈夫是素食主义者，而作者的父母是以肉为主，所以吃着不同的(different)食物。故选C。
8．选A 根据下文“about the food tension in our relationship”可知，作者从没有和母亲交谈(talked)过关于饮食方面的紧张关系。故选A。
9．选D 根据上文“I've never really ________ with my mom about the food tension in our relationship.”和转折词But可知，作者最终(finally)忍不住问了。故选D。
10．选A 作者的母亲承认有时候给作者夫妇做饭是一种挑战(challenge)。故选A。
11．选B 根据“But it is important for us”可知，母亲认为尊重(honor)作者和作者的丈夫的素食饮食习惯很重要。故选B。
12．选D 根据“I do. And I don't.”可知，母亲问作者是否怀念小时候的味道(flavors)。故选D。
13．选C 根据“But because I've been away from home for so long”可知，作者离家太久，已经爱上(got attached to)了很多新食物。故选C。
14．选C 根据“I always assumed she felt hurt by that，but talking to her”可知，作者意识到(realized)自己错了。故选C。
15．选D 根据“Love can be shown through food in different ways.”可知，爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来，我们要给我们所爱的人留点吃(eat)的空间。故选D。
Ⅱ.语法填空
1．are 考查时态和主谓一致。短语be known for意为“以……而闻名”，主语是Chinese foods，谓语用复数形式，时态应用一般现在时，故填are。
2．a 考查冠词。birthday cake是单数形式，cake是可数名词，此处泛指“一个”，故填a。
3．lit/lighted 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语成分，its candles与light之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动意义，意为“蜡烛被点燃”，故填lit/lighted。
4．unlucky 考查形容词。此句谓语是is considered，后接形容词，结合句意，此处表示“不吉利的”，故填unlucky。
5．symbolizes 考查时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；该句主语是a whole fish，是第三人称单数，故填symbolizes。
6．it 考查代词。此处考查it作形式主语的句式：it＋be＋过去分词＋that从句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，故填it。
7．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是zongzi，指物，在从句中作主语，故填关系词which。
8．is made 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；主语是dish，为单数形式；短语be made of意为 “由……组成，由……材料制成”。
9．leaves 考查名词复数。leaf是可数名词，此处应用复数形式，故填leaves。
10．of 考查介词。此处为固定搭配remind sb.of sth.“提醒某人某事”。
