Section Ⅲ Learning About Language
(语法项目——过去分词和动词-ing形式作表语和状语的区别)
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
Overlooking①the magnificent Mount Tai, I felt attracted②by its ancient atmosphere.The sun setting behind the peaks painted a breathtaking scene.It's amazing③ that the architecture was well preserved④.The locals, with their warm hospitality, added to the charm of my journey.Wandering⑤ through the lively markets, I was attempted by the pleasant smell of local cuisine.Absorbed⑥ in the scenery, I didn't notice that the time to leave had already arrived.Mount Tai, with its rich history and excellent landscapes, has left an impressive mark on my travel memories.
①⑤现在分词在句中作状语，表示伴随动作；
②④过去分词在句中作表语，表示主语的状态；
③现在分词在句中作表语，表示主语的性质；
⑥过去分词在句中作状语，表示原因。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
[自主感知]
①(教材典句)The next day was clear and mild, and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.
②(教材典句)Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
③(教材典句)Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.
④The film which I saw just now is very moving.
[会发现]
(1)句①pleased是过去分词作__________，表示主语的状态。
(2)句②Seen ...是过去分词作__________，表示时间。
(3)句③Looking ...是现在分词作状语，表示______________。
(4)句④moving是现在分词作表语，表示___________________________________。
[规则点拨]
一、过去分词(短语)作表语
(一)过去分词(短语)作表语的用法
1．过去分词(短语)作表语时，可放在系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后，表示主语所处的状态或心理感受，相当于形容词的作用。
①As I wandered in the National Gallery, I was amazed to see all the paintings.
当我在国家美术馆漫步时，看到的所有的画使我大为惊奇。
②He looked worried after reading the letter.
他看完信后看起来很担心。
2．有的过去分词已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted, disappointed, discouraged, amused, astonished, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled等。常在句中作表语，表示主语(通常指人)的心理状态或外表特征。
Obviously, I'd be disappointed if we don't make it, but it wouldn't be the end of the world.
显然，如果我们不能成功，我会很失望，但那不会是世界末日。
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①—Are you sure you're ready for the test
—No problem. I'm well __________ (prepare) for it.
②We got a little ________________________________ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.
③While waiting for the opportunity to get ______________ (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.
(2)完成句子
④Why do you always __________________？
你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？
⑤I __________________________ at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.
我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我本想着它能更好些。
(二)过去分词(短语)作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词(短语)作表语时，强调主语所处的状态或特征，后面不接by短语，但可以接其他的介词；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作，后面常接by短语。
①The cup is broken.
这个杯子是坏的。(过去分词作表语)
②The cup was broken by Tom.
这个杯子是汤姆打破的。(被动语态)
[对点练] (对比翻译)
①这本书写得很好。
②这本书是他去年写的。
(三)动词-ing形式与过去分词作表语的区别
动词-ing形式表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来修饰人、人的声音或表情等。
常见的这类词有：
We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.
我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged.
他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①The __________ look on her face suggested that she was __________ by the __________ scene.(frighten)
②The news was __________ and they were all __________ at it.(excite)
③We all felt __________ at the __________ news.(encourage)
④The audience were all __________ to tears by the __________ film.(move)
二、过去分词(短语)作状语
(一)过去分词(短语)作状语的用法
过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式、结果等。
①When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it interesting and rewarding.(时间状语)
＝When he was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it interesting and rewarding.
当被问及对自己的教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得这份工作很有趣，也很有收获。
②Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.(条件状语)
＝If it is used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
小心使用，一罐可以使用六周。
③She accepted the gift, deeply moved.(结果状语)
＝She accepted the gift and was deeply moved.她接受了礼物，深受感动。
④Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.(原因状语)
＝As he was told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.
得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。
⑤The old man walked into the room, supported by his son.(方式状语)
＝The old man walked into the room and was supported by his son.
老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2024·浙江1月高考写作)__________ (amaze) about Eva's performance, her coach praised her.
②__________ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
③Children, when __________ (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
④__________ (complete) in the near future, several new lines are being built now.
⑤__________ (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
(2)句型转换(用过去分词短语作状语)
⑥When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
→
⑦Because they were deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.
→
⑧If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
→
⑨The president of the company came to the factory, and he was followed by some workers.
→
(二)过去分词的独立主格结构作状语
过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的结构被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。过去分词的独立主格结构在句中作状语时，通常表示时间、原因、条件等。
Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
＝As much time is spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
很多时间都坐在办公桌旁，办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。
[对点练] (用独立主格结构作状语改写句子)
①After the lecture was given, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
→______________， a lively question-and-answer session followed.
②The factory produced many famous cars, none of which were shipped to foreign countries.
→The factory produced many famous cars, __________________________________.
③Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.
→________________________， he felt very happy.
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
Ⅰ.句型转换(改为分词作状语)
1．Because he was greatly touched by his teacher's words，he did lots of things to help his classmates.
→__________________________________， he did lots of things to help his classmates.
2．Although/Though/While he was turned down many times, the man didn't lose heart.
→____________________________， the man didn't lose heart.
3．When I looked out of the window, I saw some students playing there.
→________________________， I saw some students playing there.
4．If I make more efforts, I will make much more progress in English.
→________________________， I will make much more progress in English.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．____________________________， I am very glad to tell you something about these activities.
我代表我们学校，非常高兴地告诉你们有关这些活动的情况。
2．Our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make Chinese knots, ____________________________________.
我们班邀请了一位老工艺师来教我们如何制作中国结，旨在弘扬中国文化。
3．I am writing in reply to the notice for volunteers, ____________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
我写信是为了回应招募志愿者的通知，希望我能有机会做一名导游。
4．________________ clothing design, I believe I am bound to be an excellent designer.
我对服装设计非常感兴趣，我相信我一定会成为一名优秀的设计师。
5．______________ you will fall in love with paper-cutting, one of Chinese traditional art forms, I strongly recommend it to you.
我深信你会爱上剪纸，中国的传统艺术形式之一。我强烈地向你推荐它。
6．面对如此多的困难，我决心通过巨大努力解决它们。
①____________________， I am determined to solve them with tremendous efforts.(be faced with)
②________________________， I am determined to solve them with tremendous efforts.(face)
Section Ⅲ
慧学语法
[会发现] (1)表语 (2)状语 (3)伴随 (4)主语的特征
一、(一)[对点练] ①prepared ②sunburned/sunburnt
③promoted ④look tired ⑤was very disappointed
(二)[对点练] ①The book is well written.
②The book was written by him last year.
(三)[对点练] ①frightened; frightened; frightening
②exciting; excited ③encouraged; encouraging
④moved; moving
二、(一)[对点练] ①Amazed ②Raised ③accompanied
④Completed ⑤Translated
⑥Seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
⑦Deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.
⑧Given more time, we could do it much better.
⑨The president of the company came to the factory, followed by some workers.
(二)[对点练] ①The lecture given ②none of them shipped to foreign countries ③Extra money given to the poor
活用语法
Ⅰ.1.Greatly touched by his teacher's words
2．Turned down many times 3.Looking out of the window
4．Making more efforts
Ⅱ.1.Representing our school 2.aimed at promoting the Chinese culture 3.hoping that I can/could have an opportunity to act as a guide 4.Quite interested in 5.Greatly convinced that 6.①Faced with so many difficulties
②Facing so many difficulties(共73张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Learning About Language
(语法项目——过去分词和动词-ing形式作表语和状语的区别)
目 录
课时跟踪检测
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
Overlooking①the magnificent Mount Tai, I felt attracted②by its ancient atmosphere.The sun setting behind the peaks painted a breathtaking scene.It's amazing③ that the architecture was well preserved④.The locals, with their warm hospitality, added to the charm of my journey.Wandering⑤ through the lively markets, I was
attempted by the pleasant smell of local cuisine.Absorbed⑥ in the scenery, I didn't notice that the time to leave had already arrived.Mount Tai, with its rich history and excellent landscapes, has left an impressive mark on my travel memories.
①⑤现在分词在句中作状语，表示伴随动作；
②④过去分词在句中作表语，表示主语的状态；
③现在分词在句中作表语，表示主语的性质；
⑥过去分词在句中作状语，表示原因。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
[自主感知]
①(教材典句)The next day was clear and mild, and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.
②(教材典句)Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
③(教材典句)Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.
④The film which I saw just now is very moving.
[会发现]
(1)句①pleased是过去分词作 ，表示主语的状态。
(2)句②Seen ...是过去分词作 ，表示时间。
(3)句③Looking ...是现在分词作状语，表示 。
(4)句④moving是现在分词作表语，表示 。
表语
状语
伴随
主语的特征
[规则点拨]
一、过去分词(短语)作表语
(一)过去分词(短语)作表语的用法
1．过去分词(短语)作表语时，可放在系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后，表示主语所处的状态或心理感受，相当于形容词的作用。
①As I wandered in the National Gallery, I was amazed to see all the paintings.
当我在国家美术馆漫步时，看到的所有的画使我大为惊奇。
②He looked worried after reading the letter.
他看完信后看起来很担心。
2．有的过去分词已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted, disappointed, discouraged, amused, astonished, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled等。常在句中作表语，表示主语(通常指人)的心理状态或外表特征。
Obviously, I'd be disappointed if we don't make it, but it wouldn't be the end of the world.
显然，如果我们不能成功，我会很失望，但那不会是世界末日。
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①—Are you sure you're ready for the test
—No problem. I'm well (prepare) for it.
prepared
②We got a little (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.
③While waiting for the opportunity to get (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.
sunburned/sunburnt
promoted
(2)完成句子
④Why do you always
你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？
⑤I at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.
我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我本想着它能更好些。
look tired
was very disappointed
(二)过去分词(短语)作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词(短语)作表语时，强调主语所处的状态或特征，后面不接by短语，但可以接其他的介词；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作，后面常接by短语。
①The cup is broken.
这个杯子是坏的。(过去分词作表语)
②The cup was broken by Tom.
这个杯子是汤姆打破的。(被动语态)
[对点练] (对比翻译)
①这本书写得很好。
The book is well written.
②这本书是他去年写的。
The book was written by him last year.
(三)动词-ing形式与过去分词作表语的区别
动词-ing形式表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来修饰人、人的声音或表情等。
常见的这类词有：
We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.
我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged.
他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①The look on her face suggested that she was __________by the ___________scene.(frighten)
②The news was and they were all at it.(excite)
③We all felt at the news.(encourage)
④The audience were all to tears by the film.(move)
frightened
frightening
exciting
excited
encouraged
encouraging
moved
moving
frightened
二、过去分词(短语)作状语
(一)过去分词(短语)作状语的用法
过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式、结果等。
①When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it interesting and rewarding.(时间状语)
＝When he was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it interesting and rewarding.
当被问及对自己的教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得这份工作很有趣，也很有收获。
②Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.(条件状语)
＝If it is used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
小心使用，一罐可以使用六周。
③She accepted the gift, deeply moved.(结果状语)
＝She accepted the gift and was deeply moved.
她接受了礼物，深受感动。
④Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.(原因状语)
＝As he was told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.
得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。
⑤The old man walked into the room, supported by his son.(方式状语)
＝The old man walked into the room and was supported by his son.
老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2024·浙江1月高考写作) (amaze) about Eva's performance, her coach praised her.
② (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
Amazed
Raised
③Children, when (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
④ (complete) in the near future, several new lines are being built now.
⑤ (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
accompanied
Completed
Translated
(2)句型转换(用过去分词短语作状语)
⑥When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
→
⑦Because they were deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.
→
Seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
Deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.
⑧If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
→_______________________________________
⑨The president of the company came to the factory, and he was followed by some workers.
→
Given more time, we could do it much better.
The president of the company came to the factory, followed by some workers.
(二)过去分词的独立主格结构作状语
过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的结构被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。过去分词的独立主格结构在句中作状语时，通常表示时间、原因、条件等。
Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
＝As much time is spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
很多时间都坐在办公桌旁，办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。
[对点练] (用独立主格结构作状语改写句子)
①After the lecture was given, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
→ , a lively question-and-answer session followed.
The lecture given
②The factory produced many famous cars, none of which were shipped to foreign countries.
→The factory produced many famous cars,___________________
.
③Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.
→ , he felt very happy.
none of them shipped
to foreign countries
Extra money given to the poor
Ⅰ.句型转换(改为分词作状语)
1．Because he was greatly touched by his teacher's words，he did lots of things to help his classmates.
→ , he did lots of things to help his classmates.
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
Greatly touched by his teacher's words
2．Although/Though/While he was turned down many times, the man didn't lose heart.
→ , the man didn't lose heart.
3．When I looked out of the window, I saw some students playing there.
→ , I saw some students playing there.
Turned down many times
Looking out of the window
4．If I make more efforts, I will make much more progress in English.
→ , I will make much more progress in English.
Making more efforts
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1． , I am very glad to tell you something about these activities.
我代表我们学校，非常高兴地告诉你们有关这些活动的情况。
Representing our school
2．Our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make Chinese knots, .
我们班邀请了一位老工艺师来教我们如何制作中国结，旨在弘扬中国文化。
3．I am writing in reply to the notice for volunteers,______________
.
我写信是为了回应招募志愿者的通知，希望我能有机会做一名导游。
aimed at promoting the Chinese culture
hoping that I
can/could have an opportunity to act as a guide
4． clothing design, I believe I am bound to be an excellent designer.
我对服装设计非常感兴趣，我相信我一定会成为一名优秀的设计师。
5． you will fall in love with paper-cutting, one of Chinese traditional art forms, I strongly recommend it to you.
我深信你会爱上剪纸，中国的传统艺术形式之一。我强烈地向你推荐它。
Quite interested in
Greatly convinced that
6．面对如此多的困难，我决心通过巨大努力解决它们。
① , I am determined to solve them with tremendous efforts.(be faced with)
② , I am determined to solve them with tremendous efforts.(face)
Faced with so many difficulties
Facing so many difficulties
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Slowing down was the last thing on Elaine Schaefer's mind when she turned 70 last year.She'd enjoyed an ambitious travel schedule for the previous decade.She didn't feel too old to travel.
Yet many people are asking that slightly embarrassing question: Can you be too old to travel The travel industry has already responded.Try renting a car in Europe, for example.In Croatia,
Schaefer wouldn't be able to this year, because the maximum age is 70.Insurance companies require higher rates; tour operators limit certain activities.That feels like a “no” for many travelers.
Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age.It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman, a former tour guide who now edits a retirement blog.She recalls a 93-year-old who was disabled and traveling alone on a Caribbean tour, “You can't expect to ask a tour leader to be there for you 24/7 for medical care.” she says.“Tour guides don't have the time, skills, and knowledge for it.So, in this case, my advice is: he shouldn't have traveled with us in this situation.”
But some tour operators serve older travelers.For example, Grand Circle Travel started in 1958 to serve senior members.“We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s.Some travel as a couple and some alone，” says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon.“We have no age limit.”
If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number.It's a question of physical, and to a certain extent, mental ability.“Many of our travelers are retired, focused on keeping their good health, and are experienced travelers who have a good idea of what to expect，” says Sara Baer-Sinnott, president of a food and nutrition nonprofit that operates tours.“Someone in their 40s may struggle more than someone in their 80s.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要就老年人是否适合旅行这一话题进行讨论。作者通过一些事例和旅行专家的观点来说明想要旅行，年龄不是问题，主要看健康状况。
√
1．What is Schaefer expected to do if she travels in Croatia this year
A．She can rent a car to go around.
B．She will receive 24/7 medical care.
C．She has to pay more insurance fees.
D．She can participate in all the activities.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“In Croatia, Schaefer wouldn't be ...certain activities.”可知，Schaefer预计，如果今年去克罗地亚旅行，她将支付更多的保险费。
√
2．What caused Veldman to disapprove of the 93-year-old's traveling
A．His old age.
B．His stubborn personality.
C．His lack of medical skills.
D．His poor physical condition.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Definitely some folks ...a retirement blog.”可知，Veldman认为对于旅行者来说，年龄不是问题，重要的是身体健康，由此可推知，Veldman不同意一名93岁的老人去旅行的最主要原因可能是他糟糕的健康状况。
√
3．What do we know about Grand Circle Travel
A．It is a non-profit traveling organization.
B．It is intended for the senior customers.
C．It offers service to a wide range of travelers.
D．It has a history of more than seven decades.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“‘We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s.Some travel as a couple and some alone，’says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon.‘We have no age limit.’”可知，Grand Circle Travel为各种各样的旅行者提供服务。
√
4．What is the author's attitude towards traveling at an old age
A．Objective. B．Favorable.
C．Tolerant. D．Critical.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age.”和第五段“If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number.”以及全文内容来看，作者通过引用事例和旅行专家的观点来表明年龄不是阻碍老年人旅行的主要原因，重点考虑健康状况。文章从客观的角度来分析老年人是否适合去旅行，所以，作者对于老年人是否可以旅行的态度是客观的。
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式完成短文
(一)
I am ① (interest) in traveling, which makes me feeling ② (excite)．During the journey, I saw many beautiful sceneries, ③ (make) me extremely happy.The places I visited were all very attractive.I enjoyed myself very much and felt relaxed.
interested
excited
making
(二)
I had a wonderful trip to Beijing last week.The city was really ④__________ (fascinate), ⑤ (leave) a deep impression on me.While ⑥ (walk) on the Great Wall, I felt extremely ⑦_______ (move)．⑧ (see) so many beautiful sceneries, I couldn't help taking pictures.
fascinating
leaving
walking
moved
Seeing
Ⅲ.语法填空
Whenever anyone asks me where my favourite place in China is, I say Dali without hesitation. 1 (surround) by mountains for hiking and lakes for bicycling around, Dali is the kind of place that everyone likes.
Last year I met a couple of young students I'd known 2 I travelled to Dali, and we agreed 3 (cycle) along the lake in a small town outside of Dali.The lake 4 (it) was pretty easy to cycle around, _5 flat paths passing through a lot of little villages.While cycling, a woman recommended an hour-long boat ride for about 40 RMB each — a bit expensive but 6 adventure we felt like having, so we paid for it.
In about 20 minutes we witnessed in 7 (excite) how a fisherman fished with his fishing birds.A string was tied around each bird's neck so that when it dived for fish, it was unable to swallow them.The birds _8 (give) a fish as payment for their service after the fisherman had a satisfactory catch.I'd 9 (previous) read about this fishing method, but it was pretty exciting to see first-hand.
The day finished with a brilliant sunset, 10 I climbed onto a roof to get a photo of.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和几个朋友一起骑行欣赏大理美景的经历。
1．Surrounded 考查非谓语动词。句子主干部分是“Dali is the kind of place ...”，空处是非谓语；又因为Dali和surround之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填surrounded。
2．before 考查连词。结合下文可知，这些学生是作者在去大理之前就认识的，故填before。
3．to cycle 考查非谓语动词。agree to do sth.意为“同意做某事”，为固定搭配，故填to cycle。
4．itself 考查代词。空处作The lake的同位语，应用其反身代词，故填itself。
5．with 考查介词。此处为“with＋ n．＋doing”结构，故填with，表示“伴随着”。
6．an 考查冠词。adventure在此处表示泛指，指一次冒险，且其发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
7．excitement 考查名词。此处介词in后应用名词，故填excitement。
8．were given 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据后面的“had”可知，此处应用一般过去时；又因为复数主语The birds与give之间为被动关系，故填were given。
9．previously 考查副词。此处修饰动词read应用副词形式，故填previously。
10．which 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作of的宾语，修饰先行词a brilliant sunset，故填which。
Ⅳ.根据要求完成下面写作
假定你是李华，你的南非朋友Stephan今年暑假来中国旅游。中国已开通了一条从上海到新疆的高铁专线，你向他推荐这趟专列。内容如下：
1．选择高铁的优势；
2．沿途的经历(领略自然风光等)；
3．你的祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右：
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
根据汉语提示补全习作
Dear Stephan，
①______________________________________________________
(听说你将在今年暑假来中国旅游，我非常兴奋)．After you arriving in Shanghai, ②__________________________
(我建议你直接乘坐高铁专线旅游) from Shanghai to Xinjiang.
I am more than excited to hear that you will visit China this
Summer vacation
I recommend you to take the
high-speed rail line directly to travel
Many benefits include short travel time, improved safety and comfort, support for environmentally sustainable development, as well as tourism.③________________________________________________
(沿途有许多美好的东西让你大饱眼福)．You can feel the prosperity of China, ④________________________________________
(看到许多充满历史气息的古建筑) and enjoy spectacular natural scenery in Qinghai.
There are many great things along the way to feast your
eyes on
see many ancient buildings full of historical
atmosphere
Wish you a pleasant journey and a relaxing vacation here in China!
Yours，
Li HuaUNIT 4 课时检测(三) Learning About Language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Slowing down was the last thing on Elaine Schaefer's mind when she turned 70 last year.She'd enjoyed an ambitious travel schedule for the previous decade.She didn't feel too old to travel.
Yet many people are asking that slightly embarrassing question: Can you be too old to travel The travel industry has already responded.Try renting a car in Europe, for example.In Croatia, Schaefer wouldn't be able to this year, because the maximum age is 70.Insurance companies require higher rates; tour operators limit certain activities.That feels like a “no” for many travelers.
Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age.It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman, a former tour guide who now edits a retirement blog.She recalls a 93 year old who was disabled and traveling alone on a Caribbean tour, “You can't expect to ask a tour leader to be there for you 24/7 for medical care.” she says.“Tour guides don't have the time, skills, and knowledge for it.So, in this case, my advice is: he shouldn't have traveled with us in this situation.”
But some tour operators serve older travelers.For example, Grand Circle Travel started in 1958 to serve senior members.“We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s.Some travel as a couple and some alone，” says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon.“We have no age limit.”
If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number.It's a question of physical, and to a certain extent, mental ability.“Many of our travelers are retired, focused on keeping their good health, and are experienced travelers who have a good idea of what to expect，” says Sara Baer Sinnott, president of a food and nutrition nonprofit that operates tours.“Someone in their 40s may struggle more than someone in their 80s.”
1．What is Schaefer expected to do if she travels in Croatia this year
A．She can rent a car to go around.
B．She will receive 24/7 medical care.
C．She has to pay more insurance fees.
D．She can participate in all the activities.
2．What caused Veldman to disapprove of the 93 year old's traveling
A．His old age.
B．His stubborn personality.
C．His lack of medical skills.
D．His poor physical condition.
3．What do we know about Grand Circle Travel
A．It is a non profit traveling organization.
B．It is intended for the senior customers.
C．It offers service to a wide range of travelers.
D．It has a history of more than seven decades.
4．What is the author's attitude towards traveling at an old age
A．Objective. B．Favorable.
C．Tolerant. D．Critical.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式完成短文
(一)
I am ① __________ (interest) in traveling, which makes me feeling ②__________ (excite)．During the journey, I saw many beautiful sceneries, ③__________(make) me extremely happy.The places I visited were all very attractive.I enjoyed myself very much and felt relaxed.
(二)
I had a wonderful trip to Beijing last week.The city was really ④______________ (fascinate), ⑤__________ (leave) a deep impression on me.While ⑥__________ (walk) on the Great Wall, I felt extremely ⑦__________ (move)．⑧__________ (see) so many beautiful sceneries, I couldn't help taking pictures.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Whenever anyone asks me where my favourite place in China is, I say Dali without hesitation. __1__ (surround) by mountains for hiking and lakes for bicycling around, Dali is the kind of place that everyone likes.
Last year I met a couple of young students I'd known __2__ I travelled to Dali, and we agreed __3__ (cycle) along the lake in a small town outside of Dali.The lake __4__ (it) was pretty easy to cycle around, __5__ flat paths passing through a lot of little villages.While cycling, a woman recommended an hour long boat ride for about 40 RMB each — a bit expensive but __6__ adventure we felt like having, so we paid for it.
In about 20 minutes we witnessed in __7__ (excite) how a fisherman fished with his fishing birds.A string was tied around each bird's neck so that when it dived for fish, it was unable to swallow them.The birds __8__ (give) a fish as payment for their service after the fisherman had a satisfactory catch.I'd __9__ (previous) read about this fishing method, but it was pretty exciting to see first hand.
The day finished with a brilliant sunset, __10__ I climbed onto a roof to get a photo of.
Ⅳ.根据要求完成下面写作
假定你是李华，你的南非朋友Stephan今年暑假来中国旅游。中国已开通了一条从上海到新疆的高铁专线，你向他推荐这趟专列。内容如下：
1．选择高铁的优势；
2．沿途的经历(领略自然风光等)；
3．你的祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右：
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
根据汉语提示补全习作
Dear Stephan，
①________________________________________________________ (听说你将在今年暑假来中国旅游，我非常兴奋)．After you arriving in Shanghai, ②________________________________________________________________ (我建议你直接乘坐高铁专线旅游) from Shanghai to Xinjiang.
Many benefits include short travel time, improved safety and comfort, support for environmentally sustainable development, as well as tourism.③______________________________________________________ (沿途有许多美好的东西让你大饱眼福)．You can feel the prosperity of China, ④__________________________________________ (看到许多充满历史气息的古建筑) and enjoy spectacular natural scenery in Qinghai.
Wish you a pleasant journey and a relaxing vacation here in China!
Yours，
Li Hua
UNIT 4 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要就老年人是否适合旅行这一话题进行讨论。作者通过一些事例和旅行专家的观点来说明想要旅行，年龄不是问题，主要看健康状况。
1．选C 细节理解题。根据第二段“In Croatia, Schaefer wouldn't be ...certain activities.”可知，Schaefer预计，如果今年去克罗地亚旅行，她将支付更多的保险费。
2．选D 推理判断题。根据第三段“Definitely some folks ...a retirement blog.”可知，Veldman认为对于旅行者来说，年龄不是问题，重要的是身体健康，由此可推知，Veldman不同意一名93岁的老人去旅行的最主要原因可能是他糟糕的健康状况。
3．选C 细节理解题。根据第四段“‘We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s.Some travel as a couple and some alone，’says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon.‘We have no age limit.’”可知，Grand Circle Travel为各种各样的旅行者提供服务。
4．选A 推理判断题。根据第三段“Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age.”和第五段“If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number.”以及全文内容来看，作者通过引用事例和旅行专家的观点来表明年龄不是阻碍老年人旅行的主要原因，重点考虑健康状况。文章从客观的角度来分析老年人是否适合去旅行，所以，作者对于老年人是否可以旅行的态度是客观的。
Ⅱ.①interested ②excited ③making ④fascinating
⑤leaving ⑥walking ⑦moved ⑧Seeing
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和几个朋友一起骑行欣赏大理美景的经历。
1．Surrounded 考查非谓语动词。句子主干部分是“Dali is the kind of place ...”，空处是非谓语；又因为Dali和surround之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填surrounded。
2．before 考查连词。结合下文可知，这些学生是作者在去大理之前就认识的，故填before。
3．to cycle 考查非谓语动词。agree to do sth.意为“同意做某事”，为固定搭配，故填to cycle。
4．itself 考查代词。空处作The lake的同位语，应用其反身代词，故填itself。
5．with 考查介词。此处为“with＋ n．＋doing”结构，故填with，表示“伴随着”。
6．an 考查冠词。adventure在此处表示泛指，指一次冒险，且其发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
7．excitement 考查名词。此处介词in后应用名词，故填excitement。
8．were given 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据后面的“had”可知，此处应用一般过去时；又因为复数主语The birds与give之间为被动关系，故填were given。
9．previously 考查副词。此处修饰动词read应用副词形式，故填previously。
10．which 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作of的宾语，修饰先行词a brilliant sunset，故填which。
Ⅳ.①I am more than excited to hear that you will visit China this Summer vacation ②I recommend you to take the high speed rail line directly to travel ③There are many great things along the way to feast your eyes on
④see many ancient buildings full of historical atmosphere
