Section Ⅲ Learning About Language
(语法项目——复习被动语态)
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
Xiao Ming's cellphone was broken① by his father yesterday evening.I couldn't get through to him because the cellphone was being repaired② then.Before this，his cellphone had been broken③ four times because he was careless.Xiao Ming liked cellphone games so much that he didn't study hard.
Cellphones are widely used④ nowadays.However, many of them are being used⑤ to play games by teenagers.So far, many questions have been raised⑥ by their parents.Should they be used⑦ by students
Xiao Ming's cellphone will be repaired⑧ well soon.Maybe by next Sunday the cellphone will have been brought⑨ home and will be being used⑩ to play games again.
①是一般过去时的被动语态；
②是过去进行时的被动语态；
③是过去完成时的被动语态；
④是一般现在时的被动语态；
⑤是现在进行时的被动语态；
⑥是现在完成时的被动语态；
⑦是带情态动词的被动语态；
⑧是一般将来时的被动语态；
⑨是将来完成时的被动语态；
⑩是将来进行时的被动语态。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系。英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
一、被动语态的基本构成
被动语态的构成是“be＋动词的过去分词”。语义上主语为动作的承受者或对象，主要用于需要强调动作承受者而不必指出动作执行者的情况，或出于语篇衔接连贯的需要。一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的变化形式相同。以do为例：
项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/are done am/is/arebeing done has/havebeen done
过去 was/were done was/werebeing done had been done
将来 shall/willbe done shall/will bebeing done shall/will have been done
过去将来 should/wouldbe done 无 should/wouldhave been done
①The children are asked to clean their room every day.
要求孩子们每天打扫他们的房间。
②The work will have been finished by the end of next month.
这项工作将在下个月底完成。
③I received the sad news that he had been killed in a motorcycle accident.
我收到了他在一次摩托车事故中丧生的不幸消息。
[名师点津]
(1)含有情态动词的谓语变为被动语态，其构成为“情态动词(can, may, must等)＋be＋过去分词”；
(2)含有be going to, be to, used to, be about to等结构的复合谓语变为被动语态，其构成为“be going to/be to/used to/be about to＋be＋过去分词”。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques ______________ (apply) to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.
②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷) Those who are dressed inappropriately will ______________ (refuse) permission to participate.
③(2024·全国甲卷)What should ____________ (do) with such a beautiful place
④(2024·浙江1月高考)However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ______________ (offer) in smaller packs.
⑤I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ______________ (carry) out in the past two years.
⑥(2023·全国乙卷)Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ________________ (amaze) by the co existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
二、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题
1．被动语态的否定形式为：be＋not＋过去分词。
As he was not allowed to buy the toy, the boy felt very unhappy.
由于不允许他买这个玩具，这个男孩感觉很不开心。
2．主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语在变成被动语态时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。
We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
→He was seen sitting there without doing anything by us.
His words made me throw up.
→I was made to throw up by his words.
名师点津：在主动语态中，make, hear, see等词后接不定式要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。
3．带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的直接宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的间接宾语，或将表示人的间接宾语变为主语。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
→An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
→I'm being told an interesting story by my father now.
4．一些短语动词在主动结构中是不可分开的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
5．主动形式表示被动意义
英语中有很多动词，如break, catch, clean, drive, look, open, sell, read, write, wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是物；在这种情况下，常和easily, well等副词连用。
The book sells very well.
这本书卖得很好。
[名师点津]
(1)主动语态表示被动意义强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
(2)感官动词feel, sound, taste, look 等后跟形容词、名词构成系表结构，无被动形式。
(3)在need, want, require, deserve, bear 等动词，worth等形容词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
(4)在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这类形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。
(5)be to rent/blame也属于主动形式表被动意义。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①This cheese ______________ easily.It's too soft.
这种奶酪不容易切。它太软了。
②Who is ______________ for the mistake
谁应为这个错误承担责任？
③The problem is ________________________.
这个问题很难解决。
④The young man was often ______________.
那个年轻人经常被人嘲笑。
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)BMF is an indoor garden system.It can ______________ (set) up for a family.
2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must ______________ (confirm) in advance.
3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference.Due to a big storm, my flight ____________ (delay)by an hour and a half.
4．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program ______________ (launch) last March.
5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang ______________ (put) up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017.
6．(2024·全国甲卷)While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I __________ (leave) alone in the kitchen to help my grandmother wash dishes.
7．(2023·浙江1月高考)In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, surrounded in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.Citizens of higher social classes ______________ (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles.
8．Kunqu Opera, for example, ______________ (consider) an old form of Chinese opera, characterized by its elegant lyrics and beautiful melodies.
9.Since the Ming Dynasty, being able to write couplets ______________ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars.
10．When we got there, we were told that the injured ______________ (send) to the nearest hospital.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．Tony ____________________________________________ and donated a large amount of money to the project.
托尼被那位慷慨的女士打动了，为那个项目捐了一大笔钱。
2．This small town __________________________________________________， and its beautiful environment attracts tourists from all over the world.
这个小镇被青山绿水环绕，美丽的环境吸引着来自世界各地的游客。
3．He __________________________________ from small villages and decided to be a volunteer teacher.
受到小村庄优秀教师的鼓励，他决定当一名志愿者教师。
4．Effective measures must ____________________________ from being further polluted.
必须采取有效措施来保护海洋免受进一步的污染。
5．The habitat of these birds ______________________ on account of the rising water level.
由于水位上升，这些鸟儿的栖息地正在受到威胁。
Section Ⅲ
慧学语法
一、[对点练] ①are applied ②be refused ③be done
④be offered ⑤had been carried ⑥was amazed
二、[对点练] ①doesn't cut ②to blame
③difficult to work out ④laughed at
活用语法
Ⅰ.1.be set 2.be confirmed 3.had been delayed
4．was launched 5.was put 6.was left 7.were permitted
8．is considered 9.has been regarded 10.had been sent
Ⅱ.1.was struck by that generous woman 2.is surrounded by green mountains and clear waters 3.was inspired by the wonderful teachers 4.be taken to protect the oceans
5．is being threatened
5 / 5(共49张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Learning About Language
课时跟踪检测
目 录
(语法项目——复习被动语态)
Xiao Ming's cellphone was broken① by his father yesterday evening.I couldn't get through to him because the cellphone was being repaired② then.Before this，his cellphone had been broken③ four times because he was careless.Xiao Ming liked cellphone games so much that he didn't study hard.
(语法项目——复习被动语态)
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
Cellphones are widely used④ nowadays.However, many of them are being used⑤ to play games by teenagers.So far, many questions have been raised⑥ by their parents.Should they be used⑦ by students
Xiao Ming's cellphone will be repaired⑧ well soon.Maybe by next Sunday the cellphone will have been brought⑨ home and will be being used⑩ to play games again.
①是一般过去时的被动语态；
②是过去进行时的被动语态；
③是过去完成时的被动语态；
④是一般现在时的被动语态；
⑤是现在进行时的被动语态；
⑥是现在完成时的被动语态；
⑦是带情态动词的被动语态；
⑧是一般将来时的被动语态；
⑨是将来完成时的被动语态；
⑩是将来进行时的被动语态。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系。英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
一、被动语态的基本构成
被动语态的构成是“be＋动词的过去分词”。语义上主语为动作的承受者或对象，主要用于需要强调动作承受者而不必指出动作执行者的情况，或出于语篇衔接连贯的需要。一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的变化形式相同。以do为例：
项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/ are done am/is/are being done has/have
been done
过去 was/ were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done shall/will be being done shall/will
have been done
过去 将来 should/would be done 无 should/would
have been done
续表
①The children are asked to clean their room every day.
要求孩子们每天打扫他们的房间。
②The work will have been finished by the end of next month.
这项工作将在下个月底完成。
③I received the sad news that he had been killed in a motorcycle accident.
我收到了他在一次摩托车事故中丧生的不幸消息。
[名师点津]
(1)含有情态动词的谓语变为被动语态，其构成为“情态动词(can, may, must等)＋be＋过去分词”；
(2)含有be going to, be to, used to, be about to等结构的复合谓语变为被动语态，其构成为“be going to/be to/used to/be about to＋be＋过去分词”。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques _________ (apply) to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.
②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷) Those who are dressed inappropriately will __________ (refuse) permission to participate.
are applied
be refused
③(2024·全国甲卷)What should _______ (do) with such a beautiful place
④(2024·浙江1月高考)However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes _________ (offer) in smaller packs.
be done
be offered
⑤I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ______________ (carry) out in the past two years.
⑥(2023·全国乙卷)Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I __________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
had been carried
was amazed
二、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题
1．被动语态的否定形式为：be＋not＋过去分词。
As he was not allowed to buy the toy, the boy felt very unhappy.
由于不允许他买这个玩具，这个男孩感觉很不开心。
2．主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语在变成被动语态时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。
We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
→He was seen sitting there without doing anything by us.
His words made me throw up.
→I was made to throw up by his words.
名师点津：在主动语态中，make, hear, see等词后接不定式要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。
3．带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的直接宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的间接宾语，或将表示人的间接宾语变为主语。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
→An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
→I'm being told an interesting story by my father now.
4．一些短语动词在主动结构中是不可分开的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
5．主动形式表示被动意义
英语中有很多动词，如break, catch, clean, drive, look, open, sell, read, write, wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是物；在这种情况下，常和easily, well等副词连用。
The book sells very well.
这本书卖得很好。
[名师点津]
(1)主动语态表示被动意义强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
(2)感官动词feel, sound, taste, look 等后跟形容词、名词构成系表结构，无被动形式。
(3)在need, want, require, deserve, bear 等动词，worth等形容词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
(4)在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这类形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。
(5)be to rent/blame也属于主动形式表被动意义。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①This cheese __________ easily.It's too soft.
这种奶酪不容易切。它太软了。
②Who is ________ for the mistake
谁应为这个错误承担责任？
③The problem is __________________.
这个问题很难解决。
④The young man was often ___________.
那个年轻人经常被人嘲笑。
doesn't cut
to blame
laughed at
difficult to work out
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)BMF is an indoor garden system.It can ______ (set) up for a family.
2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must ____________(confirm) in advance.
be set
be confirmed
3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference.Due to a big storm, my flight _______________ (delay)by an hour and a half.
4．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program _____________ (launch) last March.
5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang ________ (put) up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017.
had been delayed
was launched
was put
6．(2024·全国甲卷)While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I _______ (leave) alone in the kitchen to help my grandmother wash dishes.
7．(2023·浙江1月高考)In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, surrounded in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.Citizens of higher social classes ____________ (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles.
was left
were permitted
8．Kunqu Opera, for example, ____________ (consider) an old form of Chinese opera, characterized by its elegant lyrics and beautiful melodies.
9．Since the Ming Dynasty, being able to write couplets _________ ________ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars.
10．When we got there, we were told that the injured ____________ (send) to the nearest hospital.
is considered
has been
regarded
had been sent
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．Tony ______________________________ and donated a large amount of money to the project.
托尼被那位慷慨的女士打动了，为那个项目捐了一大笔钱。
2．This small town ______________________________________ ______, and its beautiful environment attracts tourists from all over the world.
这个小镇被青山绿水环绕，美丽的环境吸引着来自世界各地的游客。
was struck by that generous woman
is surrounded by green mountains and clear
waters
3．He _________________________________ from small villages and decided to be a volunteer teacher.
受到小村庄优秀教师的鼓励，他决定当一名志愿者教师。
4．Effective measures must _________________________ from being further polluted.
必须采取有效措施来保护海洋免受进一步的污染。
5．The habitat of these birds _________________ on account of the rising water level.
由于水位上升，这些鸟儿的栖息地正在受到威胁。
was inspired by the wonderful teachers
be taken to protect the oceans
is being threatened
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Science fiction writers create imaginary worlds. The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science. So it's important for you to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to your creation. For example, if you're writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity, then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.
Then you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds. And you have to follow them. If humans are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your character can't drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3. The issue here is maintaining your readers' trust. That means the readers are willing to pretend along with you. If you start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the 6th chapter, you will pull the readers out of their imagination. The same thing happens if you change the rules halfway.
Part of your preparation work for the novel is to map out its worlds in great detail. You should decide the following issues: the history of the world, the geography, what possibilities it offers, how everything works in this new reality, and how all of these factors affect the way your characters think, feel, and react to things. You don't have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what's going on. This also allows you to work out logical problems and contradictions (矛盾) before you start writing.
When you are writing, remember to make it feel real. You are inviting readers to visit a new world. They will want to be able to see, hear, feel, smell, and even taste what it's like. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they're actually there.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。真实的科学为科幻小说提供了基本原理，也给科幻小说作家提出了科幻小说写作时要注意的事项。
1．What's the relationship between actual science and science fiction
A．Science fiction promotes the development of actual science.
B．Science fiction often reflects the development of actual science.
C．Actual science limits the imagination described in science fiction.
D．Actual science provides basic principles for science fiction.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Science fiction writers ... be based on actual science.”可知，真实的科学为科幻小说提供了基本原理。故选D项。
2．The second paragraph is mainly developed by_____.
A．making comparisons B．giving examples
C．following the time order D．analyzing causes
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“If humans are able to ... your readers' trust.”和“If you start out ...their imagination.”可知，第二段主要通过举例展开。故选B项。
√
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．It is necessary to do some scientific experiments before writing science fiction.
B．It is more difficult to write science fiction than ordinary detective novels.
C．Readers of science fiction actually pretend the writers' rules are true.
D．It is great to leave some contradictions in your science fiction.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The issue here ... pretend along with you. ”可知，科幻小说的读者实际上假装作者的规则是真实的。故选C项。
4．The target readers of the text are ______.
A．young scientists B．science fiction writers
C．college students D．professional journalists
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Science fiction writers create ... related to your creation.”和最后一段中的“When you are writing, remember to make it feel real. You are inviting readers to visit a new world.”可推知，文章的目标读者是科幻小说作家。故选B项。
√
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
We're in the class which ①________ (call) Class Nine. Recently, it ②________ (know) that Class Nine is pretty of all because we all devote ourselves to studying.That's to say, we ③__________ (devote) to studying.For example, every minute that belongs to us ④_______ (make) full use of, which sounds impossible, but we can indeed do. By the way, our uniforms which ⑤____ (sell) well on the Internet feel soft, leading to our wonderful performance in which we got
is called
is known
are devoted
is made
sell
⑥________ (change) in the singing competition.We're a united class where we respect each other.Generally speaking, girls need ⑦_________________
(look) after, so no matter what happens to them, boys in our class are willing to help them.In our view, every subject is worthy to ⑧_________ (study)．We strongly believe that hard as we study, we can get our ideal future and we'll become better and better.
changed
looking/to be looked
be studied
Ⅲ.语法填空
Walking into the Palace Museum, visitors can see an architectural complex with many characteristics of Chinese culture. But 1 can't be seen is the science and technology behind it. The Palace Museum combines traditional restoration techniques with modern science and technology, thus 2 (enhance) its capacity for cultural exhibition, communication, tourism services and heritage protection.
The Palace Museum, 3 (equip) with a cultural heritage protection and research team with China's most complete variety, has developed and integrated 14 types of special monitoring devices 4 independent intellectual property rights (IPR). The 5 (history) risk data is used to study and compile (编译) safety risk assessment index system, risk judgment and early warning systems, and preventive measures. With the introduction of AI, big data and cloud computing, the museum has also established a unique monitoring and response system and 6 emergency platform for immovable cultural relics.
Additionally, digital technologies 7 (apply) by the Palace Museum to protect cultural relics. It has introduced 1.86 million pieces of cultural relic information, 850,000 pieces/sets of images, 1,500 three-dimensional models and high-precision panoramic images (全景图) of all open areas, bringing cultural resources to life and offering 8 (good) digital services for Internet users. The Palace Museum is 9 (true) an amazing example of applying the 10 (combine) of modern and traditional technologies to the restoration and preservation of more of the cultural relics.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了故宫将传统修复技术与现代科学技术相结合，从而增强了其文化展示、交流、旅游服务和遗产保护的能力。
1．what 考查名词性从句。空处引导主语从句，作主语，指代事物，应用连接代词what。
2．enhancing 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故填enhancing。
3．equipped 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，The Palace Museum与equip为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式，故填equipped。
4．with 考查介词。句意：故宫博物院配备了中国品种最齐全的文化遗产保护和研究团队，开发并集成了14种具有自主知识产权的专用监测设备。根据句意可知，表示“有”，用介词with。
5．historical 考查形容词。根据句意和空后的名词短语可知，修饰名词，表示“历史的”用形容词historical。
6．an 考查冠词。platform为可数名词，泛指“一个应急平台”，且emergency的发音为元音音素开头，故填an。
7．have been applied 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时；主语与谓语为被动关系，且主语为复数，故填have been applied。
Ⅳ.根据汉语提示完成下面的短文
The Mid-Autumn Festival ①___________________________ (在第十五天被庆祝) of the eighth lunar month.On that night, it ②__________ (可以看到) that the moon is brighter and fuller than any other night.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by eating mooncakes.The mooncakes are delicious.It ③______________________ (受到所有孩子的喜爱)．
is celebrated on the fifteenth day
can be seen
is liked by all the children
At night, a big party ④ _________________________ (通常由家庭举办)．They like chatting with each other.Many things ⑤__________ ______(被谈论)．A lot of nice things ⑥______________ (将被提供), too.
After dinner, they watch the moon, as in China a full moon ⑦____ ___________________________________(被视为家庭团聚的象征)．The story of Chang'e ⑧__________ (将被讲述)．She is said to fly to the moon and live in the Moon Palace.What a beautiful story!
is usually held by the families
are talked
about
will be provided
is
considered as a symbol of family reunion
will be toldUNIT 1 课时检测(三) Learning About Language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Science fiction writers create imaginary worlds. The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science. So it's important for you to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to your creation. For example, if you're writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity, then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.
Then you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds. And you have to follow them. If humans are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your character can't drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3. The issue here is maintaining your readers' trust. That means the readers are willing to pretend along with you. If you start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the 6th chapter, you will pull the readers out of their imagination. The same thing happens if you change the rules halfway.
Part of your preparation work for the novel is to map out its worlds in great detail. You should decide the following issues: the history of the world, the geography, what possibilities it offers, how everything works in this new reality, and how all of these factors affect the way your characters think, feel, and react to things. You don't have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what's going on. This also allows you to work out logical problems and contradictions (矛盾) before you start writing.
When you are writing, remember to make it feel real. You are inviting readers to visit a new world. They will want to be able to see, hear, feel, smell, and even taste what it's like. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they're actually there.
1．What's the relationship between actual science and science fiction
A．Science fiction promotes the development of actual science.
B．Science fiction often reflects the development of actual science.
C．Actual science limits the imagination described in science fiction.
D．Actual science provides basic principles for science fiction.
2．The second paragraph is mainly developed by ________.
A．making comparisons B．giving examples
C．following the time order D．analyzing causes
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．It is necessary to do some scientific experiments before writing science fiction.
B．It is more difficult to write science fiction than ordinary detective novels.
C．Readers of science fiction actually pretend the writers' rules are true.
D．It is great to leave some contradictions in your science fiction.
4．The target readers of the text are ________.
A．young scientists B．science fiction writers
C．college students D．professional journalists
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
We're in the class which ①__________ (call) Class Nine. Recently, it ②__________ (know) that Class Nine is pretty of all because we all devote ourselves to studying.That's to say, we ③________ (devote) to studying.For example, every minute that belongs to us ④__________ (make) full use of, which sounds impossible, but we can indeed do. By the way, our uniforms which ⑤__________ (sell) well on the Internet feel soft, leading to our wonderful performance in which we got ⑥________ (change) in the singing competition.We're a united class where we respect each other.Generally speaking, girls need ⑦______________ (look) after, so no matter what happens to them, boys in our class are willing to help them.In our view, every subject is worthy to ⑧______________ (study)．We strongly believe that hard as we study, we can get our ideal future and we'll become better and better.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Walking into the Palace Museum, visitors can see an architectural complex with many characteristics of Chinese culture. But __1__ can't be seen is the science and technology behind it. The Palace Museum combines traditional restoration techniques with modern science and technology, thus __2__ (enhance) its capacity for cultural exhibition, communication, tourism services and heritage protection.
The Palace Museum, __3__ (equip) with a cultural heritage protection and research team with China's most complete variety, has developed and integrated 14 types of special monitoring devices __4__ independent intellectual property rights (IPR). The __5__ (history) risk data is used to study and compile (编译) safety risk assessment index system, risk judgment and early warning systems, and preventive measures. With the introduction of AI, big data and cloud computing, the museum has also established a unique monitoring and response system and __6__emergency platform for immovable cultural relics.
Additionally, digital technologies __7__ (apply) by the Palace Museum to protect cultural relics. It has introduced 1.86 million pieces of cultural relic information, 850,000 pieces/sets of images, 1,500 three dimensional models and high precision panoramic images (全景图) of all open areas, bringing cultural resources to life and offering __8__ (good) digital services for Internet users. The Palace Museum is __9__ (true) an amazing example of applying the __10__ (combine) of modern and traditional technologies to the restoration and preservation of more of the cultural relics.
Ⅳ.根据汉语提示完成下面的短文
The Mid Autumn Festival ①__________________________________ (在第十五天被庆祝) of the eighth lunar month.On that night, it ②________________ (可以看到) that the moon is brighter and fuller than any other night.
The Mid Autumn Festival is celebrated by eating mooncakes.The mooncakes are delicious.It ③________________________________(受到所有孩子的喜爱)．
At night, a big party ④__________________________________ (通常由家庭举办)．They like chatting with each other.Many things ⑤__________________________ (被谈论)．A lot of nice things ⑥____________________ (将被提供), too.
After dinner, they watch the moon, as in China a full moon ⑦________________________________________________ (被视为家庭团聚的象征)．The story of Chang'e ⑧________________ (将被讲述)．She is said to fly to the moon and live in the Moon Palace.What a beautiful story!
UNIT 1 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。真实的科学为科幻小说提供了基本原理，也给科幻小说作家提出了科幻小说写作时要注意的事项。
1．选D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Science fiction writers ... be based on actual science.”可知，真实的科学为科幻小说提供了基本原理。故选D项。
2．选B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“If humans are able to ... your readers' trust.”和“If you start out ...their imagination.”可知，第二段主要通过举例展开。故选B项。
3．选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The issue here ... pretend along with you. ”可知，科幻小说的读者实际上假装作者的规则是真实的。故选C项。
4．选B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Science fiction writers create ... related to your creation.”和最后一段中的“When you are writing, remember to make it feel real. You are inviting readers to visit a new world.”可推知，文章的目标读者是科幻小说作家。故选B项。
Ⅱ.①is called ②is known ③are devoted ④is made ⑤sell
⑥changed ⑦looking/to be looked ⑧be studied
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了故宫将传统修复技术与现代科学技术相结合，从而增强了其文化展示、交流、旅游服务和遗产保护的能力。
1．what 考查名词性从句。空处引导主语从句，作主语，指代事物，应用连接代词what。
2．enhancing 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故填enhancing。
3．equipped 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，The Palace Museum与equip为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式，故填equipped。
4．with 考查介词。句意：故宫博物院配备了中国品种最齐全的文化遗产保护和研究团队，开发并集成了14种具有自主知识产权的专用监测设备。根据句意可知，表示“有”，用介词with。
5．historical 考查形容词。根据句意和空后的名词短语可知，修饰名词，表示“历史的”用形容词historical。
6．an 考查冠词。platform为可数名词，泛指“一个应急平台”，且emergency的发音为元音音素开头，故填an。
7．have been applied 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时；主语与谓语为被动关系，且主语为复数，故填have been applied。
8．better 考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知，表示更好的，用形容词比较级better。
9．truly 考查副词。修饰谓语应用副词，故填truly。
10．combination 考查名词。apply后接名词作宾语，combination“结合”为抽象概念，不可数。
Ⅳ.①is celebrated on the fifteenth day ②can be seen
③is liked by all the children ④is usually held by the families
⑤are talked about ⑥will be provided
⑦is considered as a symbol of family reunion ⑧will be told
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