Section Ⅲ Learning About Language
(语法项目——复习过去分词)
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
Don't be worried①， my friend. Follow the following advice I give you, and you may get your problem settled②. First of all, what you must do is to smile at your classmates. A smile speaks louder about your wish to make friends than any words. Keep it in mind that the colourful campus life created③ by yourself will make you feel at ease. Next absorbed④ in your hobbies, you will find that common interests are a shortcut to making friends.Having regained your confidence, you can make as many friends as possible.
①worried为worry的过去分词形式，在句中作表语；
②settled为settle的过去分词形式，在句中作宾语补足语；
③created为create的过去分词形式，在句中作后置定语；
④absorbed为absorb的过去分词形式，在句中作状语。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
过去分词通常是由“动词原形＋ ed”构成的，部分动词的过去分词有不规则变化形式。过去分词无时态和语态的变化。及物动词的过去分词既表示被动，又表示完成；不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成，不表示被动。
一、过去分词(短语)作定语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground ...
②(教材典句)A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe.
③(2022·全国乙卷) It can help to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
④I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are fantastic!
[会发现]
观察以上例句，你能说出句中的过去分词(短语)作定语时的位置区别吗？
[明规则]
(1)过去分词作定语的位置
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面(left除外)，相当于一个形容词。过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。
The player loved by many people is Tom.
＝The player who is loved by many people is Tom.
这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫汤姆。
(2)过去分词作定语的用法
过去分词作定语往往表示被动、完成，而现在分词作定语表示主动、进行，不定式作定语则表示动作还未发生。
The meeting, attended by 1,000 students, was a great success.
这次会议获得了很大的成功，共有一千名学生出席。
The girl standing by the door is my daughter.
在门口站着的那个女孩是我的女儿。
The meeting to take place here is very important.
要在这里召开的会议很重要。
[对点练] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
①(2024·浙江1月高考)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份)．
②(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message __________ (intend) for everyone.
③(2023·新高考I卷)Shanghai may be the __________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao's birthplace.
④All the __________ (break) windows have been repaired.
⑤Our class went on __________ last Monday.
上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
⑥____________________ and air are harmful to people's health.
被污染的水和空气对人的健康有害。
二、过去分词(短语)作表语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food, and way of life.
②(教材典句)．.. I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!
③He felt disappointed after his request was refused.
④Don't touch the glass because it is broken.
[会发现]
观察以上例句，你能说出句中的过去分词(短语)作表语时的意义吗？
[明规则]
(1)基本用法
过去分词作表语和系动词(be, become, get, feel, look, seem等)连用，主要表示主语的特征和状态。
名师点津：有的过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, amused, astonished, hurt, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled, upset等。
(2)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特征或状态。用作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态。此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词，其后一般不跟by短语。被动语态的动词过去分词形式，被动意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后常跟“by＋动作的执行者”。
My grandfather was delighted to hear I passed my exams.我祖父听到我通过考试感到很高兴。
The new tissues and organs are used to cure diseases by doctors.
新的组织和器官被医生用来治疗疾病。
[对点练]
(判断下列句子中黑体部分属于哪种结构)
A．系表结构 B．被动语态
①We are interested in collecting stamps, raising birds and fishing.____
②More than 200 people were trapped in the building by the big fire.____
③I'm a bit puzzled that I haven't heard from Tom for so long.____
④We were greatly moved by what the doctor had done.____
三、过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语
[先感知]
①He found his hometown greatly changed.
②He is always working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.
[会发现]
以上两句中的过去分词都作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质或状态，或表示一个被动的动作。
[明规则]
(1)作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系
过去分词作宾语补足语说明宾语的性质或状态，或表示一个被动的动作，其逻辑主语是句子的宾语。宾语与宾语补足语之间是被动关系。
(2)过去分词作宾语补足语的情况
a．后跟动词过去分词形式作宾语补足语的动词大致可分为以下三类：
①用于使役动词make, get, have, keep等的宾语后面。
When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined
你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？
②用于see, hear, feel, find等表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词的宾语后面。
She saw the thief caught by policemen.
她看见小偷被警察抓住了。
③用于like, want, wish, order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词的宾语后面。
The manager doesn't like such questions discussed at the meeting.
经理不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。
b．“with/without＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
With his homework done, he started to watch TV.作业完成后，他开始看电视。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①But that's how nature is — always leaving us __________ (astonish)．
②He tried to make himself __________ (understand) by his students in class.
③He wanted his name __________ (include) in the list.
④We must have our windows __________ (repair) before winter comes, or we'll freeze.
⑤With the task __________ (complete), we had a global travelling.
⑥I heard my name __________ (call) in the street.
⑦(2022·全国甲卷)As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself __________ (greet) by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello.
四、过去分词(短语)作状语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as “down under”．
②She stared at me, astonished.
③For example, cloned animals are not very healthy — they nearly always live brief, painful lives compared with ordinary animals.
[会发现]
①句、②句和③句中的过去分词在句中分别作______状语、______状语和______状语。
[明规则]
(1)过去分词作状语的功能、类型
过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，在作用上相当于状语从句。
①表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。
Accepted by the Party (＝After he was accepted by the Party), he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。
②表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
Depressed (＝Since he was depressed), he went to visit his elder sister.
他感到沮丧，就去拜访他姐姐了。
③表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。
Grown in rich soil (＝If they are grown in rich soil), these plants can grow very fast.
如果被种在肥沃的土壤里，这些植物能长得很快。
④表示让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。
Exhausted by the running (＝Though/Although they were exhausted by the running), they went on running after the robber.
尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，但他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。
⑤表示方式或伴随情况。
The old man went into the room, supported by his wife (＝and was supported by his wife)．
那个老人在他妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。
(2)一些过去分词的特殊用法
一些过去分词因为来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost, seated, hidden, satisfied, lost/absorbed in, born, dressed in, tired of。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.
因为沉浸于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。
[对点练] (单句语法填空/句型转换)
①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)__________ (encourage) by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
②(2024·九省联考)Upset but not __________ (discourage) by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya.
③Seen from the top of the building, the city looks more beautiful.
→__________________ from the top of the building, the city looks more beautiful.
④Given another chance, he will do better.
→______________ another chance, he will do better.
⑤Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.
→____________________________________ by many people, he continued his study.
⑥Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.
→______________________________ what he did, the teacher praised him in class.
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)In cold weather, the structure stays __________ (close) to protect the plants.
2．(2024·全国甲卷)My childhood is quite happy __________ (compare) with hers.
3．(2024·全国甲卷)You should feel __________ (satisfy) at the end of a meal, but not too full.
4．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)He became __________ (interest) in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.
5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Such structured thinking, __________ (follow) by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
6．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Each town has its own traditional dish, and every family keeps a recipe __________ (pass) from one generation to another.
7．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Two years later, a six meter tall pavilion, __________ (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
8．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting ________ (endanger) species across the ridges and valleys.
9．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language __________ (publish) in 1755.
10．(2024·北京高考)Since there are many factors __________ (involve) in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)In the class, we were asked to create artwork ________________________________________________________________________.
在课堂上，我们被要求创作受大自然启发的艺术品。
2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I explained again more slowly, but he still ____________________.
我又更慢地解释了一遍，但他看起来仍然很困惑。
3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Gunter's kindness ________________________ and I thanked him once again.
冈特的善良使我很感动，我再次感谢了他。
4．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)_____________________， I started running regularly, but then two things happened.感觉受到了激励，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。
5．(2024·全国甲卷书面表达)Firstly, __________________ have become a popular choice in cities, providing an eco friendly and cost effective way to travel short distances.
首先，共享单车已成为城市的热门选择，为短途旅行提供了一种环保且经济高效的方式。
Section Ⅲ
慧学语法
一、[对点练] ①designed ②intended ③recognized ④broken ⑤an organized trip ⑥The polluted water
二、[对点练] ①A ②B ③A ④B
三、[对点练] ①astonished ②understood ③included
④repaired ⑤completed ⑥called ⑦greeted
四、[会发现] 原因 伴随 方式
[对点练] ①Encouraged ②discouraged ③When it is seen
④If he is given ⑤Although/Though he was laughed at
⑥As he/she was satisfied with
活用语法
Ⅰ.1.closed 2.compared 3.satisfied 4.interested 5.followed
6．passed 7.inspired 8.endangered 9.published 10.involved
Ⅱ.1.inspired by nature 2.looked confused 3.made me very moved 4.Feeling motivated 5.shared bicycles
7 / 7(共67张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Learning About Language
课时跟踪检测
目 录
(语法项目——复习过去分词)
Don't be worried①， my friend. Follow the following advice I give you, and you may get your problem settled②. First of all, what you must do is to smile at your classmates. A smile speaks louder about your wish to make friends than any words. Keep it in mind that the colourful campus life created③ by yourself will make you feel at ease.
(语法项目——复习过去分词)
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
Next absorbed④ in your hobbies, you will find that common interests are a shortcut to making friends.Having regained your confidence, you can make as many friends as possible.
①worried为worry的过去分词形式，在句中作表语；
②settled为settle的过去分词形式，在句中作宾语补足语；
③created为create的过去分词形式，在句中作后置定语；
④absorbed为absorb的过去分词形式，在句中作状语。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
过去分词通常是由“动词原形＋-ed”构成的，部分动词的过去分词有不规则变化形式。过去分词无时态和语态的变化。及物动词的过去分词既表示被动，又表示完成；不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成，不表示被动。
一、过去分词(短语)作定语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground ...
②(教材典句)A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe.
③(2022·全国乙卷) It can help to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
④I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are fantastic!
[会发现]
观察以上例句，你能说出句中的过去分词(短语)作定语时的位置区别吗？
[明规则]
(1)过去分词作定语的位置
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面(left除外)，相当于一个形容词。过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。
The player loved by many people is Tom.
＝The player who is loved by many people is Tom.
这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫汤姆。
(2)过去分词作定语的用法
过去分词作定语往往表示被动、完成，而现在分词作定语表示主动、进行，不定式作定语则表示动作还未发生。
The meeting, attended by 1,000 students, was a great success.
这次会议获得了很大的成功，共有一千名学生出席。
The girl standing by the door is my daughter.
在门口站着的那个女孩是我的女儿。
The meeting to take place here is very important.
要在这里召开的会议很重要。
[对点练] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
①(2024·浙江1月高考)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs _________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份)．
②(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ________ (intend) for everyone.
designed
intended
③(2023·新高考I卷)Shanghai may be the ___________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao's birthplace.
④All the _______ (break) windows have been repaired.
recognized
broken
⑤Our class went on _______________ last Monday.
上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
⑥_________________ and air are harmful to people's health.
被污染的水和空气对人的健康有害。
an organized trip
The polluted water
二、过去分词(短语)作表语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food, and way of life.
②(教材典句)... I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!
③He felt disappointed after his request was refused.
④Don't touch the glass because it is broken.
[会发现]
观察以上例句，你能说出句中的过去分词(短语)作表语时的意义吗？
[明规则]
(1)基本用法
过去分词作表语和系动词(be, become, get, feel, look, seem等)连用，主要表示主语的特征和状态。
名师点津：有的过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, amused, astonished, hurt, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled, upset等。
(2)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特征或状态。用作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态。此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词，其后一般不跟by短语。被动语态的动词过去分词形式，被动意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后常跟“by＋动作的执行者”。
My grandfather was delighted to hear I passed my exams.
我祖父听到我通过考试感到很高兴。
The new tissues and organs are used to cure diseases by doctors.
新的组织和器官被医生用来治疗疾病。
[对点练]
(判断下列句子中黑体部分属于哪种结构)
A．系表结构 B．被动语态
①We are interested in collecting stamps, raising birds and fishing.___
A
②More than 200 people were trapped in the building by the big fire.___
③I'm a bit puzzled that I haven't heard from Tom for so long.___
④We were greatly moved by what the doctor had done.___
B
A
B
三、过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语
[先感知]
①He found his hometown greatly changed.
②He is always working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.
[会发现]
以上两句中的过去分词都作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质或状态，或表示一个被动的动作。
[明规则]
(1)作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系
过去分词作宾语补足语说明宾语的性质或状态，或表示一个被动的动作，其逻辑主语是句子的宾语。宾语与宾语补足语之间是被动关系。
(2)过去分词作宾语补足语的情况
a．后跟动词过去分词形式作宾语补足语的动词大致可分为以下三类：
①用于使役动词make, get, have, keep等的宾语后面。
When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined
你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？
②用于see, hear, feel, find等表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词的宾语后面。
She saw the thief caught by policemen.
她看见小偷被警察抓住了。
③用于like, want, wish, order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词的宾语后面。
The manager doesn't like such questions discussed at the meeting.
经理不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。
b．“with/without＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
With his homework done, he started to watch TV.
作业完成后，他开始看电视。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①But that's how nature is — always leaving us _________ (astonish)．
②He tried to make himself _________ (understand) by his students in class.
③He wanted his name _______ (include) in the list.
astonished
understood
included
④We must have our windows _______ (repair) before winter comes, or we'll freeze.
⑤With the task ________ (complete), we had a global travelling.
⑥I heard my name _______ (call) in the street.
⑦(2022·全国甲卷)As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself _______ (greet) by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello.
repaired
completed
called
greeted
四、过去分词(短语)作状语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as “down under”．
②She stared at me, astonished.
③For example, cloned animals are not very healthy — they nearly always live brief, painful lives compared with ordinary animals.
[会发现]
①句、②句和③句中的过去分词在句中分别作_____状语、_____状语和_____状语。
[明规则]
(1)过去分词作状语的功能、类型
过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，在作用上相当于状语从句。
原因
伴随
方式
①表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。
Accepted by the Party (＝After he was accepted by the Party), he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。
②表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
Depressed (＝Since he was depressed), he went to visit his elder sister.
他感到沮丧，就去拜访他姐姐了。
③表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。
Grown in rich soil (＝If they are grown in rich soil), these plants can grow very fast.
如果被种在肥沃的土壤里，这些植物能长得很快。
④表示让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。
Exhausted by the running (＝Though/Although they were exhausted by the running), they went on running after the robber.
尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，但他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。
⑤表示方式或伴随情况。
The old man went into the room, supported by his wife (＝and was supported by his wife)．
那个老人在他妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。
(2)一些过去分词的特殊用法
一些过去分词因为来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost, seated, hidden, satisfied, lost/absorbed in, born, dressed in, tired of。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.
因为沉浸于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。
[对点练] (单句语法填空/句型转换)
①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)___________ (encourage) by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
②(2024·九省联考)Upset but not ___________ (discourage) by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya.
Encouraged
discouraged
③Seen from the top of the building, the city looks more beautiful.
→_____________ from the top of the building, the city looks more beautiful.
④Given another chance, he will do better.
→___________ another chance, he will do better.
When it is seen
If he is given
⑤Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.
→________________________________ by many people, he continued his study.
⑥Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.
→________________________ what he did, the teacher praised him in class.
Although/Though he was laughed at
As he/she was satisfied with
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)In cold weather, the structure stays _______ (close) to protect the plants.
2．(2024·全国甲卷)My childhood is quite happy __________ (compare) with hers.
3．(2024·全国甲卷)You should feel ________ (satisfy) at the end of a meal, but not too full.
closed
compared
satisfied
4．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)He became _________ (interest) in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.
5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Such structured thinking, _______ (follow) by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
6．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Each town has its own traditional dish, and every family keeps a recipe _______ (pass) from one generation to another.
interested
followed
passed
7．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, _______ (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
8．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting ___________ (endanger) species across the ridges and valleys.
inspired
endangered
9．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language __________ (publish) in 1755.
10．(2024·北京高考)Since there are many factors ________ (involve) in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme.
published
involved
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)In the class, we were asked to create artwork ________________.
在课堂上，我们被要求创作受大自然启发的艺术品。
2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I explained again more slowly, but he still ______________.
我又更慢地解释了一遍，但他看起来仍然很困惑。
inspired by nature
looked confused
3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Gunter's kindness ___________________ and I thanked him once again.
冈特的善良使我很感动，我再次感谢了他。
4．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) _______________, I started running regularly, but then two things happened.
感觉受到了激励，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。
made me very moved
Feeling motivated
5．(2024·全国甲卷书面表达)Firstly, ______________ have become a popular choice in cities, providing an eco-friendly and cost-effective way to travel short distances.
首先，共享单车已成为城市的热门选择，为短途旅行提供了一种环保且经济高效的方式。
shared bicycles
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The Australian government has given the World Heritage Committee the most recent information on the measures it has taken to protect the Great Barrier Reef from human-made climate change.
Last June, the World Heritage Committee chose not to list the Reef as “in danger”， but asked Australia to give an update on its preservation measures by February 1.In the report, the government has shown how its policies and scientific research are helping to protect the heritage-listed reef.Improving water quality, tough new fishing restrictions and unusual experiments in “cloud brightening” are all listed in the report.
The government had invested $1.2 billion in the Reef, while the Queensland government had invested more than $1 billion since 2015.“The Great Barrier Reef is the best managed reef in the world and the report shows the significant action we are taking to protect this important natural wonder，” said Senator Nita Green.
Environment Minister Tanya Plibersek has unveiled a new strategy to protect and restore the wetland areas of the Reef, which she said had decreased by over 50 per cent since European settlement.
Water quality improvements were a focus in the government's report, after the Committee said they were concerned that it was taking too long to meet targets.140,000 tons of sediment (沉积物) had been prevented from entering the Reef over the past decade.Gillnet (刺网) fishing was being gradually stopped using, with half the previously allowed number of licenses issued this month.Conservationists welcomed the ban on gillnets, but others warned the move could ruin the fishing industry.
These projects have been exploring whether it is possible to provide shade for coral reefs by artificially increasing the reflectiveness of clouds, or creating fogs to stop sunlight reaching below the sea surface.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚保护大堡礁的措施，包括改善水质、限制捕鱼和创新实验。
1．What is the main focus of the report to the World Heritage Committee
A．Funding details.
B．Preservation measures.
C．Environmental challenges.
D．Economic impact on fishing.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“报告中，政府展示了其政策和科学研究是如何帮助保护这一列入遗产名录的珊瑚礁的。报告中列出了改善水质、实施更严格的捕鱼限制，以及不同寻常的‘云层增白’实验”可知，提交给世界遗产委员会的报告主要介绍了澳大利亚对大堡礁的保护措施。故选B项。
2．What suggests that the Great Barrier Reef project is valued by the government
A．The creative experiment.
B．The decrease in wetland areas.
C．The sediment run-off mapping.
D．The amount of funding it has received.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，澳大利亚政府和昆士兰州政府分别在大堡礁项目上投入了大量的资金，表明了政府对大堡礁项目的重视。故选D项。
3．What does the underlined word “unveiled” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Covered. B．Announced.
C．Hidden. D．Removed.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“环境部长塔尼娅·普利贝斯克公布了一项保护和恢复大堡礁湿地的新策略，她说，自欧洲人定居以来，大堡礁的湿地面积已经减少了50%以上”中“a new strategy”可推知，环境部长公布了一项新策略。画线词unveiled的意思是“公布，宣布”，与announced同义。故选B项。
√
4．What are conservationists' views on the gillnet ban
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Indifferent. D．Unclear.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Conservationists welcomed the ban on gillnets”可知，环保人士支持禁止使用刺网。故选A项。
√
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式补全短文
During World War Ⅱ， a lot of young women in Britain were in the army. Joan Phillips was one of them.She worked in a big camp, ①______ (locate) in a park ②___________ (surround) by a number of impressive buildings, and of course met a lot of men, officers and soldiers.
One evening she met an officer ③______ (call) Captain Humphreys at a dance.He said to her, “I'm going abroad tomorrow, but I'd be very ④_________ (delight) if we could write to each other.” Joan agreed, and they wrote for several months.
located
surrounded
called
delighted
Then his letters stopped, but she received one from another officer, telling her that he had been wounded and was in a certain army hospital in England.
⑤_______ (worry) about his health, Joan went there with her work ⑥_______ (finish)．She said to the matron (护士长), “I've come to visit Captain Humphreys.”
Worried
finished
“Only relatives are allowed to visit patients here，” the matron said.
“Oh, that's all right，” answered Joan. “I'm his sister.”
“I'm very pleased to meet you，” the matron said, “I'm his mother！”
Ⅲ.语法填空
Chengdu, a cultural center in Southwest China, is renowned for its opera, a part of Sichuan Opera tradition.An important aspect of Sichuan Opera is the magic of mask changing, also 1 (know) as “face-changing”， 2 vividly coloured masks are changed within the blink of an eye.It is believed that “face-changing” has its roots in evolution.This art form 3 (originate) from early humans' survival strategies, with aggressive facial expressions and non-verbal cues.The Sichuan Opera is said to have brought this change of emotions on stage.
The techniques include wiping, pulling, and blowing.Among them, “pulling” is a more complex and 4 (frequent) used technique in which faces are painted on layers of silk cloth and each mask 5 (tie) to a thread which is fastened and hidden in the costume.The actor swiftly pulls masks 6 (convey) emotions, amusing the audience.Face-changing is more than a skill; it contains rich cultural meanings, with masks 7 (reflect) characters' psychological and emotional shifts.
The 8 (pattern) of the facial makeup are borrowed from Chengdu and local customs of 9 region.The different kinds of characters and personalities that Sichuan Opera brings alive on stage can be found among common people in Chengdu as well.This is 10 its emotions will continue to resonate (共鸣) with people for a long time.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了变脸艺术的起源、技巧(擦、拉、吹)以及其中“拉”技巧的复杂性，还探讨了变脸艺术背后的文化含义。
1．known 考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作定语。be known as，表示“被称为，被认为是”，故填known。
2．where 考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词face-changing，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。
3．originated 考查动词时态。本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，故填originated。
4．frequently 考查副词。本空用副词frequently“经常，频繁地”，修饰动词used，作状语。
5．is tied 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。本句表经常性、习惯性动作，故时态用一般现在时，且tie“系，拴，绑”与each mask构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语each mask为第三人称单数，故填is tied。
6．to convey 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为pulls，此处为非谓语动词。本空用动词convey“传达”的不定式形式to convey，作目的状语，表示“为了传达”。
7．reflecting 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为contains，此处为非谓语动词，且masks与reflect“反映”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作宾补，故填reflecting。
8．patterns 考查名词复数。由空后的are可知，应用名词复数。
9．the 考查冠词。本空用定冠词the，特指成都及其所属的这个地区。
10．why 考查表语从句。本空用why“为什么”引导表语从句，说明原因。
Ⅳ.根据汉语提示完成下面写作
Dear Adam，
①__________________________________ (知道你打算参观) to China next month, I'm ②_________________ (非常高兴) to recommend you a fascinating city — Xi'an.
Knowing that you intend to pay a visit
more than delighted
Xi'an, ③__________________ (坐落在) Shaanxi Province, is famous for its rich history dating back thousands of years.One of its most ④ ______________ (标志性的景点) is the Terracotta Army, a vast collection of terracotta sculptures describing the army of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China.Additionally, you can ⑤__________ _______________ (探索古城墙), which are among the best-preserved in China, and visit the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, ⑥____________ (……的一个象征) Xi'an's Buddhist heritage.
located in/situated in
iconic attractions
explore the
ancient city walls
a symbol of
I sincerely hope that you can enjoy yourself.If you have any problem, please feel free to contact me.
Yours sincerely，
Li HuaUNIT 2 课时检测(三) Learning About Language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The Australian government has given the World Heritage Committee the most recent information on the measures it has taken to protect the Great Barrier Reef from human made climate change.
Last June, the World Heritage Committee chose not to list the Reef as “in danger”， but asked Australia to give an update on its preservation measures by February 1.In the report, the government has shown how its policies and scientific research are helping to protect the heritage listed reef.Improving water quality, tough new fishing restrictions and unusual experiments in “cloud brightening” are all listed in the report.
The government had invested $1.2 billion in the Reef, while the Queensland government had invested more than $1 billion since 2015.“The Great Barrier Reef is the best managed reef in the world and the report shows the significant action we are taking to protect this important natural wonder，” said Senator Nita Green.
Environment Minister Tanya Plibersek has unveiled a new strategy to protect and restore the wetland areas of the Reef, which she said had decreased by over 50 per cent since European settlement.
Water quality improvements were a focus in the government's report, after the Committee said they were concerned that it was taking too long to meet targets.140,000 tons of sediment (沉积物) had been prevented from entering the Reef over the past decade.Gillnet (刺网) fishing was being gradually stopped using, with half the previously allowed number of licenses issued this month.Conservationists welcomed the ban on gillnets, but others warned the move could ruin the fishing industry.
These projects have been exploring whether it is possible to provide shade for coral reefs by artificially increasing the reflectiveness of clouds, or creating fogs to stop sunlight reaching below the sea surface.
1．What is the main focus of the report to the World Heritage Committee
A．Funding details. B．Preservation measures.
C．Environmental challenges. D．Economic impact on fishing.
2．What suggests that the Great Barrier Reef project is valued by the government
A．The creative experiment.
B．The decrease in wetland areas.
C．The sediment run off mapping.
D．The amount of funding it has received.
3．What does the underlined word “unveiled” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Covered. B．Announced.
C．Hidden. D．Removed.
4．What are conservationists' views on the gillnet ban
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Indifferent. D．Unclear.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式补全短文
During World War Ⅱ， a lot of young women in Britain were in the army. Joan Phillips was one of them.She worked in a big camp, ①__________ (locate) in a park ②__________ (surround) by a number of impressive buildings, and of course met a lot of men, officers and soldiers.
One evening she met an officer ③__________ (call) Captain Humphreys at a dance.He said to her, “I'm going abroad tomorrow, but I'd be very ④__________ (delight) if we could write to each other.” Joan agreed, and they wrote for several months.
Then his letters stopped, but she received one from another officer, telling her that he had been wounded and was in a certain army hospital in England.
⑤__________ (worry) about his health, Joan went there with her work ⑥__________ (finish)．She said to the matron (护士长), “I've come to visit Captain Humphreys.”
“Only relatives are allowed to visit patients here，” the matron said.
“Oh, that's all right，” answered Joan. “I'm his sister.”
“I'm very pleased to meet you，” the matron said, “I'm his mother！”
Ⅲ.语法填空
Chengdu, a cultural center in Southwest China, is renowned for its opera, a part of Sichuan Opera tradition.An important aspect of Sichuan Opera is the magic of mask changing, also __1__ (know) as “face changing”， __2__ vividly coloured masks are changed within the blink of an eye.It is believed that “face changing” has its roots in evolution.This art form __3__ (originate) from early humans' survival strategies, with aggressive facial expressions and non verbal cues.The Sichuan Opera is said to have brought this change of emotions on stage.
The techniques include wiping, pulling, and blowing.Among them, “pulling” is a more complex and __4__ (frequent) used technique in which faces are painted on layers of silk cloth and each mask __5__ (tie) to a thread which is fastened and hidden in the costume.The actor swiftly pulls masks __6__ (convey) emotions, amusing the audience.Face changing is more than a skill; it contains rich cultural meanings, with masks __7__ (reflect) characters' psychological and emotional shifts.The __8__ (pattern) of the facial makeup are borrowed from Chengdu and local customs of __9__ region.The different kinds of characters and personalities that Sichuan Opera brings alive on stage can be found among common people in Chengdu as well.This is __10__ its emotions will continue to resonate (共鸣) with people for a long time.
Ⅳ.根据汉语提示完成下面写作
Dear Adam，
①______________________________________ (知道你打算参观) to China next month, I'm ②____________________________ (非常高兴) to recommend you a fascinating city — Xi'an.
Xi'an, ③________________________ (坐落在) Shaanxi Province, is famous for its rich history dating back thousands of years.One of its most ④________________________ (标志性的景点) is the Terracotta Army, a vast collection of terracotta sculptures describing the army of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China.Additionally, you can ⑤____________________________________ (探索古城墙), which are among the best preserved in China, and visit the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, ⑥________________ (……的一个象征) Xi'an's Buddhist heritage.
I sincerely hope that you can enjoy yourself.If you have any problem, please feel free to contact me.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
UNIT 2 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚保护大堡礁的措施，包括改善水质、限制捕鱼和创新实验。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“报告中，政府展示了其政策和科学研究是如何帮助保护这一列入遗产名录的珊瑚礁的。报告中列出了改善水质、实施更严格的捕鱼限制，以及不同寻常的‘云层增白’实验”可知，提交给世界遗产委员会的报告主要介绍了澳大利亚对大堡礁的保护措施。故选B项。
2．选D 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，澳大利亚政府和昆士兰州政府分别在大堡礁项目上投入了大量的资金，表明了政府对大堡礁项目的重视。故选D项。
3．选B 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“环境部长塔尼娅·普利贝斯克公布了一项保护和恢复大堡礁湿地的新策略，她说，自欧洲人定居以来，大堡礁的湿地面积已经减少了50%以上”中“a new strategy”可推知，环境部长公布了一项新策略。画线词unveiled的意思是“公布，宣布”，与announced同义。故选B项。
4．选A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Conservationists welcomed the ban on gillnets”可知，环保人士支持禁止使用刺网。故选A项。
Ⅱ.①located ②surrounded ③called ④delighted ⑤Worried
⑥finished
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了变脸艺术的起源、技巧(擦、拉、吹)以及其中“拉”技巧的复杂性，还探讨了变脸艺术背后的文化含义。
1．known 考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作定语。be known as，表示“被称为，被认为是”，故填known。
2．where 考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词facechanging，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。
3．originated 考查动词时态。本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，故填originated。
4．frequently 考查副词。本空用副词frequently“经常，频繁地”，修饰动词used，作状语。
5．is tied 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。本句表经常性、习惯性动作，故时态用一般现在时，且tie“系，拴，绑”与each mask构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语each mask为第三人称单数，故填is tied。
6．to convey 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为pulls，此处为非谓语动词。本空用动词convey“传达”的不定式形式to convey，作目的状语，表示“为了传达”。
7．reflecting 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为contains，此处为非谓语动词，且masks与reflect“反映”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作宾补，故填reflecting。
8．patterns 考查名词复数。由空后的are可知，应用名词复数。
9．the 考查冠词。本空用定冠词the，特指成都及其所属的这个地区。
10．why 考查表语从句。本空用why“为什么”引导表语从句，说明原因。
Ⅳ.①Knowing that you intend to pay a visit ②more than delighted ③located in/situated in ④iconic attractions
⑤explore the ancient city walls ⑥a symbol of
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