Section Ⅴ Listening & Writing
教材听力“三关过”
一、过词汇关——词块互译
1．first of all ____________
2．go out with ___________
3．track their movements ____________
4．be added to the directory ____________
5．______________ 受到……的威胁
6．______________ 一组；一群
7．______________ 拍……的照片
8．______________ 与某人分享某物
二、过泛听关——听教材录音选最佳答案
1．How many species of whales according to Sally？( )
A．80. B．100. C．200.
2．What factors threaten whales？( )
A．Climate change and pollution.
B．Human hunting.
C．Both A and B.
3．How do we distinguish whales？( )
A．Their locations.
B．Their fins and marks.
C．Their teeth.
三、过精听关——依据教材听力完成句子
1．Today you ____________________________ our whale research.
2．These include the blue whale, the largest known animal ________________________.
3．Those ____________________ eat very small organisms, whereas those ______________ eat fish and other larger sea animals.
4．It is to track ____________________， so we can ______________________________， like their life cycle.
5．We asked you __________________ us and ________________ the work we do.
6．We contacted other whale research groups around the world to ______________________________.
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
抓住话语中的意流指示词
意流指示词是指在句子开头或句子与句子之间具有逻辑关系的某些连词、副词或词组。如yes, sure, certainly, of course, no, sorry, well, not really, why not, but, however, yet, besides等，它们连接的句子或句子成分往往是说话人要强调的内容。
一、语气性意流指示词
其中yes, no, sure, certainly, sorry等是表明说话人态度与反应的语气性意流指示词。根据此类词，我们可以了解说话人的基本态度。一般来说，如果在句子开头听到yes, sure, certainly, of course，表明说话人对某事肯定或赞许；如果是no, not really, sorry, I am afraid，则表明说话人对某事否定或不同意。
[典例1]
Q：Will the man do his homework
A．Yes, he may do it.
B．No, he doesn't want to do it.
C．Yes, he will by all means.
[听力原文]
W：Have you finished your homework yet, Bill
M：No, and I'm not going to.
[分析] 根据男士在回答时出现的“No”，我们即可排除选项中肯定性的答案A、C，而选择与听力原文意思相近的答案B。
[典例2]
Q：What do we learn from the conversation
A．The man saw a film in the cinema.
B．Both of them watched the film on TV last week.
C．The film will be shown on TV next week.
[听力原文]
W：Do you remember the film about Gone with the Wind that was on TV last week
M：Sure.We watched it together.
[分析] 女士问是否记得上周在电视上播放的《乱世佳人》时，男士首先用sure这个肯定性意流指示词，表示同意女士的话题，接着又出现了together，因此很容易确定B为正确答案。
这里需要注意的是，如果对话中一方以Would/Do you mind doing sth.提问，则yes, no的意思与上面所说的意思相反。请看下例：
[典例3]
Q：What does the woman's answer mean
A．She doesn't want him to sit beside her.
B．She doesn't like him at all.
C．Please sit down.
[听力原文]
M：Excuse me, do you mind my sitting here
W：Oh, no, of course not.
[分析] 由于Do you mind doing sth.是“你是否介意”的否定性问句，回答时用“no”，是不介意的意思，表示同意，因此C项为正确答案。如果女士回答时用“yes”，说明她介意，也就是表示反对。
二、转折性意流指示词
but, yet, however, besides等是转折性的意流指示词，其中but出现的频率最高。当话语中出现but一词时，要特别注意but后的内容。因为but前的往往是婉转的客套话(冗余信息)，而后面的才是说话者真正的看法(主要信息)。在口语表达中常见的还有to be honest, to tell the truth, in fact, as a matter of fact, actually等。
[典例]
Q：What does the man want to do with the coins
A．He needs them for his bus fare.
B．He lends them to the woman.
C．He buys some things with the coins.
[听力原文]
W：I wonder if you have some change.I want to make a call.
M：I would like to lend you some change, but I have only three coins, and I need them for my bus fare.
[分析] 由男士说的话“but I have ...fare.”可知，他需要用这些硬币坐公交车，故选A。
这样的例子有很多，它们的共同之处都是but(或其他转折性意流指示词)后的内容是回答提问的主要信息。听清其意，选择正确的答案就很容易了。
三、倾向性意流指示词
倾向性意流指示词一般不出现在句首，而是句子中间的动词或助动词词组，如would rather ..., prefer ...to ..., had better, prefer ...rather than ...，表示说话人通过比较与选择，喜欢或情愿采取的某种行为。它们多用于购物、就餐、旅游等存在比较与选择机会的场合。例如，当顾客去商店购物时，售货员常会问：
Which do you prefer, A or B
对话情景提供了A、B两种可供选择的物品，如果选择了A，那么回答时有以下几种说法：
I prefer A to B.
I prefer to take A rather than take B.
I would like A rather than B.
紧跟在prefer, would rather或would like后面的内容是说话人倾向的目标，因此往往是信息的重点。
[典例]
Q：What does the man imply about Marion
A．She doesn't like going shopping.
B．She went shopping yesterday.
C．She doesn't live near the shops.
[听力原文]
W：Didn't Marion go shopping with you yesterday
M：Even if she hadn't had a lot of study, she would have preferred staying home to going shopping.
[分析] 在这个例题中，只要我们把握住prefer A (staying home) to B (going shopping)的句型结构，就会知道Marion的倾向是“待在家里”而不是“去购物”。与此对应的选项是A。
|主题听力训练|
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How did the woman find the speech？( )
A．Negative. B．Complex. C．Interesting.
2．What season is it now？( )
A．Autumn. B．Summer. C．Spring.
3．What kind of room does the woman like？( )
A．A large room.
B．A small room.
C．A room facing the sea.
4．What will the woman do tomorrow morning？( )
A．Give a lecture.
B．Surf the Internet.
C．Read about the seafloor.
5．Which writer does the man admire most？( )
A．Saul Bellow.
B．Margaret Mitchell.
C．Ernest Hemingway.
第二节
听下面2段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Who is the man's favorite writer？( )
A．Jack London. B．O.Henry. C．Mark Twain.
7．When did Jack London go to Canada？( )
A．In 1916. B．In 1897. C．In 1876.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What is the woman doing？( )
A．Planning a trip.
B．Hosting a program.
C．Inviting a guest.
9．When was Bergen founded？( )
A．In 1830. B．In 1299. C．In 1070.
10．What should visitors do in Bergen according to Mr Wilson？( )
A．Travel by sea.
B．Walk around the city.
C．Buy a wooden house.
|多积主题表达|
“海洋保护”场景听力表达
1．marine pollution 海洋污染
2．ocean conservation 海洋保护
3．endangered species 濒危物种
4．plastic waste 塑料垃圾
5．marine ecosystem 海洋生态系统
6．sustainable fishery 可持续渔业
7．We must take immediate action to stop marine pollution.
我们必须立即采取行动来阻止海洋污染。
8．The goal of ocean conservation is to maintain the health of our oceans.
海洋保护的目标是保持我们海洋的健康。
9．Many endangered species in the ocean are at risk of extinction.
海洋中许多濒危物种面临灭绝的危险。
10．Overfishing has caused serious damage to marine resources.
过度捕捞对海洋资源造成了严重损害。
11．Plastic waste is a major threat to the marine environment.
塑料垃圾是海洋环境的主要威胁。
写作项目——Write an argumentative essay on sea exploration
本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于海洋探索的议论文。议论文是以议论为主要表达方式，运用一定的材料通过一定的论证方法来表明自己的立场、观点或态度的文体。议论文一般由论题、论点、论据论证和结论构成。在议论文中，作者先就论题(某一问题或现象)提出论点，然后辅之以相关的论据并在此基础上进行论证，以使读者同意自己的看法，最终得出结论。
由教材学写作
一、学写作架构
阅读课文，总结本课的篇章结构如下：
二、学要点构思
课文采用了PEEL结构，其中P代表Point(观点)，E代表Evidence(论据)，E代表Explanation(解释)，L代表Link(衔接)。如Text 2第一句阐明观点，要更好地了解我们的星球，就必须探索占据地球大部分面积的海洋。紧接着，作者就反对者的担忧提出第一个分论点，即为了更好地理解和解决气候变化等全球问题，我们需要进行海洋探索行动。第二段是第二个分论点，指出海洋探索有利于人类更好地管理资源，并以生物研究、医药开发、地震预测等为例。第三段是第三个分论点，指出海洋探索事关未来的人类生存。第四段，作者再次回应反对意见，突出环保和发展之间需要谋求平衡。
三、学行文逻辑
议论文侧重以严密的推理来揭示事物的本质和规律，表明作者的观点和态度，上下文之间应有密切的逻辑关系。如Text 1在提出分论点后用also, because of, but if, although等进行进一步的分析解释，层次清晰，逻辑严谨。
仿写训练/完成句子
①I admire Tu Youyou a lot ________________________________________ to the world.
我非常钦佩屠呦呦，因为她对世界做出了巨大的贡献。
②________________________ and in bad mood，I still felt warm and happy.
尽管我疲惫且心情不好，但是我依然感受到了温暖和幸福。
③____________________ and keep a positive attitude, the opportunities are limitless.
但如果你下定决心，保持积极的态度，机会是无限的。
四、学论证手法
为使论证更具权威性，增强说服力，议论文的写作中常运用下列手法：
1．举出确凿典型的事实或数据来证明论点，如Text 1 中的“... spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010”。
2．列举典型的例子进行论证，如Text 2 中的“For example, scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change”。
3．运用因果关系进行论证，如Text 1中的“Because of climate change, there is less ice now”。
写作项目指导
Write an argumentative essay on sea exploration
——写一篇关于海洋探索的议论文
第一步：构思谋篇
文章结构 首段 引入讨论话题
中段 列举正方和反方的观点并说明理由
尾段 照应论点，得出结论
时态人称 以一般现在时为主；以第一人称为主
第二步：要点表达
第一部分：引入讨论话题
①开门见山： The exploration of the sea is a topic that ________________________________________.
海洋探索是一个引发了极大兴趣和争论的话题。
②提出疑问： __________________________________ the vast mysteries that lie beneath the surface of the sea
你是否曾经想知道隐藏在海洋表面之下的巨大奥秘吗？
③引用相关数据或事实：
It is astonishing that __________________________________________________.
令人惊讶的是，超过 80%的海洋仍然未被探索。
④讲述一个与海洋探索相关的小故事或例子：
The story of __________________________________ in the deepest part of the sea highlights the significance of continuous exploration in the marine world.
在海洋最深处发现新物种的故事凸显了在海洋世界持续探索的重要性。
第二部分：列举正方和反方的观点并说明理由
1．引出正反观点
①However, ____________________________.
然而，任何事物都有两面性。
②Opinions ______________ person to person.
观点因人而异。
2．正方观点
①70% of us think the sea is worth exploring, ____________________________________.
我们中70%的人认为海洋值得探索，这对人类有益。
②__________________________________， we must explore the sea.
为了更好地了解我们的星球，我们必须探索海洋。
③That's because it will __________________________________________ new sources of food and energy.
那是因为它将使人们有可能发现食物和能源新的来源。
3．反方观点
①30% of us think sea exploration is not worthwhile, ______________________________________________.
我们中30%的人认为海洋探索不值得，认为它会污染海洋。
②Some people hunt marine animals without mercy, ______________________________.
有些人残忍地猎杀海洋动物，导致它们灭绝。
第三部分：照应论点，得出结论
①______________， we must strike a balance between the protection and exploration of marine ecosystem.
在我看来，我们必须在保护和探索海洋生态系统之间取得平衡。
②____________________， sea exploration has both its merits and demerits, and a balanced approach is needed.
总之，海洋探索既有优点也有缺点，需要一种平衡的方法。
③ Finally, __________________________________________________ while also ensuring its sustainability and minimizing negative impacts.
最后，我们应该鼓励进一步的海洋探索，同时也要确保其可持续性并尽量减少负面影响。
[针对练笔]
最近，你班同学就“Is it better to employ self study or teamwork study？”进行了讨论，大家观点不一。请你写一篇短文，介绍此次讨论的情况并阐述自己的看法，然后发表在校报上。
写作素材储备
(一)写作佳句
Ⅰ.介绍讨论的主题(开头句)
1．We had a discussion/debate about whether it was necessary to ...
我们讨论是否有必要……
2．We've had a survey on ...
关于……我们做了一项调查。
3．I'm writing to tell you about a discussion we have had about ...
我写信告诉你我们有关……的讨论。
4．No one could have failed to notice the fact that ...
没有人会不注意……这个事实。
5．As we all know, ...众所周知，……
Ⅱ.过渡句
1．Opinions are divided on this issue.
在这个问题上观点有分歧。
2．Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.
观点主要分为两组。
3．Different people, however, have different opinions/think quite differently on this matter.
然而，不同的人对这个问题持有不同的观点。
Ⅲ.介绍正方观点
1．45% of the students hold the view that ... For one thing, ... For another, ...
45%的学生持……的观点。一则，……；再则，……
2．60% of the students are for the idea.
60%的学生支持这个观点。
Ⅳ.介绍反方观点
1．On the contrary/However ...
相反/然而……
2．Nearly half of the students think that ...
近一半的学生认为……
3．On the one hand, ... on the other hand, ...
一方面，……；另一方面，……
Ⅴ.陈述自己的观点
1．Personally/As far as I am concerned/In my opinion/From my point of view/In my view, I support ...
在我看来，我支持……
2．To conclude/To sum up/In conclusion ...
总之，……
(二)主题语段
With Sea Conservation Day approaching, various opinions on sea exploration emerged. Here I want to share mine. As we all know, the sea occupies a large portion in the world, which makes it a big habitat of many sea creatures and has a big impact on our life, such as water resource, food resource, climate, etc. Therefore, sea exploration is a must for our survival. Besides, to better protect the sea, we should have a good knowledge of it.
随着海洋保护日的临近，关于海洋探索的各种说法也层出不穷。在这里我想分享一下我的看法。众所周知，海洋在世界上占据了很大的份额，这使它成为许多海洋生物的重要栖息地，并对我们的生活产生了重大影响，如水资源、食物资源、气候等。因此，海洋探索是我们为生存必做之事。此外，为了更好地保护海洋，我们应该对它有很好的了解。
(三)写作模板
Recently we have had a heated discussion about/Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over ____________ (引出话题或对象).
Some people/students are for the idea. Because they think there are many advantages in ______________________.For one thing, ____________ (优点一). For another, _________________________ (优点二)．
However, just as a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides.” There are still a large number of people/students who hold a different view concerning this case. They think there are many disadvantages in __________. To begin with __________________ (缺点一). In addition, ____________________ (缺点二).
In my view/In my opinion/Personally/As far as I'm concerned/From my point of view, the most important is that we should learn how to make full use of its advantages while avoiding its disadvantages.
Section Ⅴ
NO.1 练听说
教材听力“三关过”
一、1.首先 2.和……一起出去 3.追踪它们的活动
4．被添加到目录中 5.be threatened by 6.a group of
7．take pictures of 8.share sth.with sb.
二、1～3 ACB
三、1.have been helping us with 2.to have ever existed
3．without teeth; with teeth 4.where whales go; understand more about them 5.to go out with; write a report of
6．share the information with them
听力素养“漫养成”
1～5 BCCAC 6～10 ABBCB
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W：What do you think of the speech, Tom
M：To tell you the truth, ①deep sea exploration was beyond my narrow range of knowledge.
W：①I had the same feeling.
(Text 2)
W：The weather is so cool and the air is so fresh! How about taking a boat out tomorrow
M：All right.I love the fresh air by the sea.
W：Me, too.②And I love the sea breeze in spring most.There are so many seabirds in this season.
(Text 3)
M：This room is really large.Do you like it, madam
W：Not at all.
M：Could you tell me why
W：③I'd like a room facing the sea.
(Text 4)
M：Anne, you've been searching on the Internet for the whole evening.What are you busy with
W：④I'll have to give a lecture on the diversity of life on the seafloor tomorrow morning.I have to search for material.
(Text 5)
W：Do you like writing
M：Yes.⑤I hope I can be a great writer like Ernest Hemingway.He is my favorite writer.I'm especially fond of his novel, The Old Man and the Sea.
W：Yeah, it's a great book.Margaret Mitchell and Saul Bellow both thought highly of it.
(Text 6)
M：Have you read the story “The Gift of the Magi” written by American writer, O．Henry
W：Yes.I enjoy reading his short stories.What I admire about him most is that he started to write stories while he was in prison.⑥Who is your favorite writer, Mark Twain, Ernest Hemingway or Jack London
M：⑥Jack London.He was born into a poor family in San Francisco in 1876.⑦In 1897, he went to the Klondike in Canada.He liked to put his adventures into his most famous stories and novels.London continued to travel until a few years before his death in 1916.Now I'm reading his story Love of Life.I'm sure you will like his works.
W：Great! Can you lend it to me after you finish it
M：No problem.
(Text 7)
W：⑧Mr Wilson, it's nice to have you with us this evening.
M：⑧Well, I'm glad to be on the program to introduce my hometown.
W：OK, let's begin.Does Bergen have a long history
M：Yes, it does.⑨Bergen was founded by King Olav Kyrre in 1070, and it had been Norway's capital before 1299.Until the 1830s, Bergen was the biggest city in Norway.
W：Well, we all know fishing and oil industries are important parts in Bergen's economy.What else major industries are there in Bergen
M：Trade and traveling by sea also play an important role.Many tourists visit the city every year.
W：Why are tourists so interested in Bergen
M：It is famous for its unusual beauty of the sea and mountains and old wooden buildings.⑩You have to experience it for yourself.The city is really worth touring around on foot.You will see small wooden houses and flowers everywhere.
W：Yeah.Slowly walking around old streets where people have lived for centuries is like a fairy tale.
NO.2 促写作
由教材学写作
三、① because of her great contributions ②Although I was tired
③But if you stay determined
写作项目指导
第二步：要点表达
第一部分：
①has aroused great interest and debate ②Have you ever wondered about ③more than 80 percent of the sea remains unexplored ④the discovery of a new species
第二部分：
1．①every coin has two sides ②vary from
2．①which is beneficial to human beings ②To better understand our planet ③make it possible for people to discover
3．①holding the opinion that it will pollute the sea
②causing them to die out
第三部分：
①In my view ②In conclusion
③we should encourage further sea exploration
针对练笔
参考范文：
A lively discussion was held in our class about whether it is better to employ self study or teamwork study. There are different ideas concerning the topic.
55% of the students support self study. Not only can it avoid interruption from others but also it can develop our ability to think independently. Besides, it will be much easier for us to gain a sense of achievement. On the other hand,45% of the students think that teamwork study can help create a more enjoyable learning atmosphere and develop the spirit of cooperation.
From my point of view, both of them have their own advantages and disadvantages, so individuals should choose the learning style that is suitable for themselves.
11 / 11(共101张PPT)
Section Ⅴ
Listening & Writing
NO 1
练听说/耳熟能详需要“多磨耳”
NO 2
促写作/写作增分途径“多仿写”
NO 3
课时跟踪检测
目 录
教材听力“三关过”
一、过词汇关——词块互译
1．first of all ____
2．go out with ______________
3．track their movements ______________
4．be added to the directory ______________
No.1 练听说/耳熟能详需要“多磨耳”
首先
和……一起出去
追踪它们的活动
被添加到目录中
5．______________ 受到……的威胁
6．_________ 一组；一群
7．_____________ 拍……的照片
8．_______________ 与某人分享某物
be threatened by
a group of
take pictures of
share sth.with sb.
二、过泛听关——听教材录音选最佳答案
1．How many species of whales according to Sally
A．80. B．100. C．200.
2．What factors threaten whales
A．Climate change and pollution.
B．Human hunting.
C．Both A and B.
√
√
3．How do we distinguish whales
A．Their locations.
B．Their fins and marks.
C．Their teeth.
√
三、过精听关——依据教材听力完成句子
1．Today you ______________________ our whale research.
2．These include the blue whale, the largest known animal _________________.
3．Those ___________ eat very small organisms, whereas those _________ eat fish and other larger sea animals.
have been helping us with
to have ever existed
without teeth
with teeth
4．It is to track ______________, so we can _______________ __________, like their life cycle.
5．We asked you ____________ us and ______________ the work we do.
6．We contacted other whale research groups around the world to ____________________________.
where whales go
understand more
about them
to go out with
write a report of
share the information with them
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
抓住话语中的意流指示词
意流指示词是指在句子开头或句子与句子之间具有逻辑关系的某些连词、副词或词组。如yes, sure, certainly, of course, no, sorry, well, not really, why not, but, however, yet, besides等，它们连接的句子或句子成分往往是说话人要强调的内容。
一、语气性意流指示词
其中yes, no, sure, certainly, sorry等是表明说话人态度与反应的语气性意流指示词。根据此类词，我们可以了解说话人的基本态度。一般来说，如果在句子开头听到yes, sure, certainly, of course，表明说话人对某事肯定或赞许；如果是no, not really, sorry, I am afraid，则表明说话人对某事否定或不同意。
[典例1]
Q：Will the man do his homework
A．Yes, he may do it.
B．No, he doesn't want to do it.
C．Yes, he will by all means.
[听力原文]
W：Have you finished your homework yet, Bill
M：No, and I'm not going to.
[分析] 根据男士在回答时出现的“No”，我们即可排除选项中肯定性的答案A、C，而选择与听力原文意思相近的答案B。
[典例2]
Q：What do we learn from the conversation
A．The man saw a film in the cinema.
B．Both of them watched the film on TV last week.
C．The film will be shown on TV next week.
[听力原文]
W：Do you remember the film about Gone with the Wind that was on TV last week
M：Sure.We watched it together.
[分析] 女士问是否记得上周在电视上播放的《乱世佳人》时，男士首先用sure这个肯定性意流指示词，表示同意女士的话题，接着又出现了together，因此很容易确定B为正确答案。
这里需要注意的是，如果对话中一方以Would/Do you mind doing sth.提问，则yes, no的意思与上面所说的意思相反。请看下例：
[典例3]
Q：What does the woman's answer mean
A．She doesn't want him to sit beside her.
B．She doesn't like him at all.
C．Please sit down.
二、转折性意流指示词
but, yet, however, besides等是转折性的意流指示词，其中but出现的频率最高。当话语中出现but一词时，要特别注意but后的内容。因为but前的往往是婉转的客套话(冗余信息)，而后面的才是说话者真正的看法(主要信息)。在口语表达中常见的还有to be honest, to tell the truth, in fact, as a matter of fact, actually等。
[典例]
Q：What does the man want to do with the coins
A．He needs them for his bus fare.
B．He lends them to the woman.
C．He buys some things with the coins.
[听力原文]
W：I wonder if you have some change.I want to make a call.
M：I would like to lend you some change, but I have only three coins, and I need them for my bus fare.
[分析] 由男士说的话“but I have ...fare.”可知，他需要用这些硬币坐公交车，故选A。
这样的例子有很多，它们的共同之处都是but(或其他转折性意流指示词)后的内容是回答提问的主要信息。听清其意，选择正确的答案就很容易了。
三、倾向性意流指示词
倾向性意流指示词一般不出现在句首，而是句子中间的动词或助动词词组，如would rather ..., prefer ...to ..., had better, prefer ...rather than ...，表示说话人通过比较与选择，喜欢或情愿采取的某种行为。它们多用于购物、就餐、旅游等存在比较与选择机会的场合。例如，当顾客去商店购物时，售货员常会问：
Which do you prefer, A or B
对话情景提供了A、B两种可供选择的物品，如果选择了A，那么回答时有以下几种说法：
I prefer A to B.
I prefer to take A rather than take B.
I would like A rather than B.
紧跟在prefer, would rather或would like后面的内容是说话人倾向的目标，因此往往是信息的重点。
[典例]
Q：What does the man imply about Marion
A．She doesn't like going shopping.
B．She went shopping yesterday.
C．She doesn't live near the shops.
[听力原文]
W：Didn't Marion go shopping with you yesterday
M：Even if she hadn't had a lot of study, she would have preferred staying home to going shopping.
[分析] 在这个例题中，只要我们把握住prefer A (staying home) to B (going shopping)的句型结构，就会知道Marion的倾向是“待在家里”而不是“去购物”。与此对应的选项是A。
|主题听力训练|
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How did the woman find the speech
A．Negative. B．Complex. C．Interesting.
√
2．What season is it now
A．Autumn. B．Summer. C．Spring.
3．What kind of room does the woman like
A．A large room.
B．A small room.
C．A room facing the sea.
√
√
4．What will the woman do tomorrow morning
A．Give a lecture.
B．Surf the Internet.
C．Read about the seafloor.
5．Which writer does the man admire most
A．Saul Bellow.
B．Margaret Mitchell.
C．Ernest Hemingway.
√
√
第二节
听下面2段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Who is the man's favorite writer
A．Jack London. B．O.Henry. C．Mark Twain.
7．When did Jack London go to Canada
A．In 1916. B．In 1897. C．In 1876.
√
√
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What is the woman doing
A．Planning a trip.
B．Hosting a program.
C．Inviting a guest.
√
9．When was Bergen founded
A．In 1830. B．In 1299. C．In 1070.
10．What should visitors do in Bergen according to Mr Wilson
A．Travel by sea.
B．Walk around the city.
C．Buy a wooden house.
√
√
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W：What do you think of the speech, Tom
M：To tell you the truth, ①deep sea exploration was beyond my narrow range of knowledge.
W：①I had the same feeling.
(Text 2)
W：The weather is so cool and the air is so fresh! How about taking a boat out tomorrow
M：All right.I love the fresh air by the sea.
W：Me, too.②And I love the sea breeze in spring most.There are so many seabirds in this season.
(Text 3)
M：This room is really large.Do you like it, madam
W：Not at all.
M：Could you tell me why
W：③I'd like a room facing the sea.
(Text 4)
M：Anne, you've been searching on the Internet for the whole evening.What are you busy with
W：④I'll have to give a lecture on the diversity of life on the seafloor tomorrow morning.I have to search for material.
(Text 5)
W：Do you like writing
M：Yes.⑤I hope I can be a great writer like Ernest Hemingway.He is my favorite writer.I'm especially fond of his novel, The Old Man and the Sea.
W：Yeah, it's a great book.Margaret Mitchell and Saul Bellow both thought highly of it.
(Text 6)
M：Have you read the story “The Gift of the Magi” written by American writer, O．Henry
W：Yes.I enjoy reading his short stories.What I admire about him most is that he started to write stories while he was in prison.⑥Who is your favorite writer, Mark Twain, Ernest Hemingway or Jack London
M：⑥Jack London.He was born into a poor family in San Francisco in 1876.⑦In 1897, he went to the Klondike in Canada.He liked to put his adventures into his most famous stories and novels.London continued to travel until a few years before his death in 1916.Now I'm reading his story Love of Life.I'm sure you will like his works.
W：Great! Can you lend it to me after you finish it
M：No problem.
(Text 7)
W：⑧Mr Wilson, it's nice to have you with us this evening.
M：⑧Well, I'm glad to be on the program to introduce my hometown.
W：OK, let's begin.Does Bergen have a long history
M：Yes, it does.⑨Bergen was founded by King Olav Kyrre in 1070, and it had been Norway's capital before 1299.Until the 1830s, Bergen was the biggest city in Norway.
W：Well, we all know fishing and oil industries are important parts in Bergen's economy.What else major industries are there in Bergen
M：Trade and traveling by sea also play an important role.Many tourists visit the city every year.
W：Why are tourists so interested in Bergen
M：It is famous for its unusual beauty of the sea and mountains and old wooden buildings.⑩You have to experience it for yourself.The city is really worth touring around on foot.You will see small wooden houses and flowers everywhere.
W：Yeah.Slowly walking around old streets where people have lived for centuries is like a fairy tale.
|多积主题表达|
“海洋保护”场景听力表达
1．marine pollution 海洋污染
2．ocean conservation 海洋保护
3．endangered species 濒危物种
4．plastic waste 塑料垃圾
5．marine ecosystem 海洋生态系统
6．sustainable fishery 可持续渔业
7．We must take immediate action to stop marine pollution.
我们必须立即采取行动来阻止海洋污染。
8．The goal of ocean conservation is to maintain the health of our oceans.
海洋保护的目标是保持我们海洋的健康。
9．Many endangered species in the ocean are at risk of extinction.
海洋中许多濒危物种面临灭绝的危险。
10．Overfishing has caused serious damage to marine resources.
过度捕捞对海洋资源造成了严重损害。
11．Plastic waste is a major threat to the marine environment.
塑料垃圾是海洋环境的主要威胁。
写作项目——Write an argumentative essay on sea exploration
本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于海洋探索的议论文。议论文是以议论为主要表达方式，运用一定的材料通过一定的论证方法来表明自己的立场、观点或态度的文体。议论文一般由论题、论点、论据论证和结论构成。在议论文中，作者先就论题(某一问题或现象)提出论点，然后辅之以相关的论据并在此基础上进行论证，以使读者同意自己的看法，最终得出结论。
No.2 促写作/写作增分途径“多仿写”
由教材学写作
一、学写作架构
阅读课文，总结本课的篇章结构如下：
二、学要点构思
课文采用了PEEL结构，其中P代表Point(观点)，E代表Evidence(论据)，E代表Explanation(解释)，L代表Link(衔接)。如Text 2第一句阐明观点，要更好地了解我们的星球，就必须探索占据地球大部分面积的海洋。紧接着，作者就反对者的担忧提出第一个分论点，即为了更好地理解和解决气候变化等全球问题，我们需要进行海洋探索行动。第二段是第二个分论点，指出海洋探索有利于人类更好地管理资源，并以生物研究、医药开发、地震预测等为例。第三段是第三个分论点，指出海洋探索事关未来的人类生存。第四段，作者再次回应反对意见，突出环保和发展之间需要谋求平衡。
三、学行文逻辑
议论文侧重以严密的推理来揭示事物的本质和规律，表明作者的观点和态度，上下文之间应有密切的逻辑关系。如Text 1在提出分论点后用also, because of, but if, although等进行进一步的分析解释，层次清晰，逻辑严谨。
仿写训练/完成句子
①I admire Tu Youyou a lot _____________________________ to the world.
我非常钦佩屠呦呦，因为她对世界做出了巨大的贡献。
②__________________ and in bad mood，I still felt warm and happy.
尽管我疲惫且心情不好，但是我依然感受到了温暖和幸福。
because of her great contributions
Although I was tired
③_______________________ and keep a positive attitude, the opportunities are limitless.
但如果你下定决心，保持积极的态度，机会是无限的。
But if you stay determined
四、学论证手法
为使论证更具权威性，增强说服力，议论文的写作中常运用下列手法：
1．举出确凿典型的事实或数据来证明论点，如Text 1 中的“... spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010”。
2．列举典型的例子进行论证，如Text 2 中的“For example, scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change”。
3．运用因果关系进行论证，如Text 1中的“Because of climate change, there is less ice now”。
写作项目指导
Write an argumentative essay on sea exploration
——写一篇关于海洋探索的议论文
文章结构 首段 引入讨论话题
中段 列举正方和反方的观点并说明理由
尾段 照应论点，得出结论
时态人称 以一般现在时为主；以第一人称为主
第一步：构思谋篇
第二步：要点表达
第一部分：引入讨论话题
①开门见山： The exploration of the sea is a topic that ___________ _____________________.
海洋探索是一个引发了极大兴趣和争论的话题。
②提出疑问： ___________________________ the vast mysteries that lie beneath the surface of the sea
你是否曾经想知道隐藏在海洋表面之下的巨大奥秘吗？
has aroused
great interest and debate
Have you ever wondered about
③引用相关数据或事实：
It is astonishing that __________________________________ __________.
令人惊讶的是，超过 80%的海洋仍然未被探索。
more than 80 percent of the sea remains
unexplored
④讲述一个与海洋探索相关的小故事或例子：
The story of _________________________ in the deepest part of the sea highlights the significance of continuous exploration in the marine world.
在海洋最深处发现新物种的故事凸显了在海洋世界持续探索的重要性。
the discovery of a new species
第二部分：列举正方和反方的观点并说明理由
1．引出正反观点
①However, _____________________.
然而，任何事物都有两面性。
②Opinions _________ person to person.
观点因人而异。
every coin has two sides
vary from
2．正方观点
①70% of us think the sea is worth exploring, __________________ _____________.
我们中70%的人认为海洋值得探索，这对人类有益。
②___________________________, we must explore the sea.
为了更好地了解我们的星球，我们必须探索海洋。
which is beneficial to
human beings
To better understand our planet
③That's because it will _________________________________ new sources of food and energy.
那是因为它将使人们有可能发现食物和能源新的来源。
make it possible for people to discover
3．反方观点
①30% of us think sea exploration is not worthwhile, __________ _____________________________.
我们中30%的人认为海洋探索不值得，认为它会污染海洋。
②Some people hunt marine animals without mercy, _______________ ______.
有些人残忍地猎杀海洋动物，导致它们灭绝。
holding the
opinion that it will pollute the sea
causing them to
die out
第三部分：照应论点，得出结论
①__________, we must strike a balance between the protection and exploration of marine ecosystem.
在我看来，我们必须在保护和探索海洋生态系统之间取得平衡。
②____________, sea exploration has both its merits and demerits, and a balanced approach is needed.
总之，海洋探索既有优点也有缺点，需要一种平衡的方法。
In my view
In conclusion
③ Finally, ______________________________________ while also ensuring its sustainability and minimizing negative impacts.
最后，我们应该鼓励进一步的海洋探索，同时也要确保其可持续性并尽量减少负面影响。
we should encourage further sea exploration
[针对练笔]
最近，你班同学就“Is it better to employ self-study or teamwork study？”进行了讨论，大家观点不一。请你写一篇短文，介绍此次讨论的情况并阐述自己的看法，然后发表在校报上。
参考范文：
A lively discussion was held in our class about whether it is better to employ self-study or teamwork study. There are different ideas concerning the topic.
55% of the students support self-study. Not only can it avoid interruption from others but also it can develop our ability to think independently. Besides, it will be much easier for us to gain a sense of achievement.
On the other hand,45% of the students think that teamwork study can help create a more enjoyable learning atmosphere and develop the spirit of cooperation.
From my point of view, both of them have their own advantages and disadvantages, so individuals should choose the learning style that is suitable for themselves.
写作素材储备
(一)写作佳句
Ⅰ.介绍讨论的主题(开头句)
1．We had a discussion/debate about whether it was necessary to ...
我们讨论是否有必要……
2．We've had a survey on ...
关于……我们做了一项调查。
3．I'm writing to tell you about a discussion we have had about ...
我写信告诉你我们有关……的讨论。
4．No one could have failed to notice the fact that ...
没有人会不注意……这个事实。
5．As we all know, ...
众所周知，……
Ⅱ.过渡句
1．Opinions are divided on this issue.
在这个问题上观点有分歧。
2．Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.
观点主要分为两组。
3．Different people, however, have different opinions/think quite differently on this matter.
然而，不同的人对这个问题持有不同的观点。
Ⅲ.介绍正方观点
1．45% of the students hold the view that ... For one thing, ... For another, ...
45%的学生持……的观点。一则，……；再则，……
2．60% of the students are for the idea.
60%的学生支持这个观点。
Ⅳ.介绍反方观点
1．On the contrary/However ...
相反/然而……
2．Nearly half of the students think that ...
近一半的学生认为……
3．On the one hand, ... on the other hand, ...
一方面，……；另一方面，……
Ⅴ.陈述自己的观点
1．Personally/As far as I am concerned/In my opinion/From my point of view/In my view, I support ...
在我看来，我支持……
2．To conclude/To sum up/In conclusion ...
总之，……
(二)主题语段
With Sea Conservation Day approaching, various opinions on sea exploration emerged. Here I want to share mine. As we all know, the sea occupies a large portion in the world, which makes it a big habitat of many sea creatures and has a big impact on our life, such as water resource, food resource, climate, etc. Therefore, sea exploration is a must for our survival. Besides, to better protect the sea, we should have a good knowledge of it.
随着海洋保护日的临近，关于海洋探索的各种说法也层出不穷。在这里我想分享一下我的看法。众所周知，海洋在世界上占据了很大的份额，这使它成为许多海洋生物的重要栖息地，并对我们的生活产生了重大影响，如水资源、食物资源、气候等。因此，海洋探索是我们为生存必做之事。此外，为了更好地保护海洋，我们应该对它有很好的了解。
(三)写作模板
Recently we have had a heated discussion about/Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over _____________________(引出话题或对象).
Some people/students are for the idea. Because they think there are many advantages in __________________.For one thing, ______________ (优点一). For another, ____________________ (优点二)．
However, just as a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides.” There are still a large number of people/students who hold a different view concerning this case. They think there are many disadvantages in________. To begin with ____________(缺点一). In addition, ______________(缺点二).
In my view /In my opinion/Personally/As far as I'm concerned/From my point of view, the most important is that we should learn how to make full use of its advantages while avoiding its disadvantages.
No.3 课时跟踪检测
[写作专项训练]
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．Making people realize the importance of protecting oceans is necessary.(用it作形式主语升级)
→________________________________________________
________________
It is necessary to make people realize the importance of
protecting oceans.
2．We all know that marine life diversity is an important part of the global creature diversity.(用定语从句升级)
→___________________________________________________
________________________________________
As is known to all/As we all know, marine life diversity is an
important part of the global creature diversity.
3．The South China Sea has a wide and unique array (大量) of tropical marine lives. We will improve our understanding of life on the earth there.(用定语从句合并句子)
→____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ _____
The South China Sea has a wide and unique array of tropical
marine lives, where we will improve our understanding of life on the
earth.
4．It is unfortunate that inadequate development has sharply reduced the number and variety of these marine lives.(改写为简单句)
→____________________________________________________ ______________________________________
Unfortunately, inadequate development has sharply reduced
the number and variety of these marine lives.
5．Mangroves, seaweeds, seagrasses are primary food producers for the coastal ecosystems and offer shelter to many forms of marine life.(对主语进行强调)
→___________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________
It is mangroves, seaweeds, seagrasses that are primary food
producers for the coastal ecosystems and offer shelter to many forms of
marine life.
Ⅱ.应用文写作
近年来，海洋生态系统(the marine ecosystem)遭到破坏，很多海洋生物已经灭绝，这引起了全世界范围内的关注。假定你是李华，你所在的学校正在举行有关“生态保护”的英语演讲比赛，请用英文写一篇关于海洋生态的演讲稿参加比赛。内容要点如下：
1．人们应该意识到保护海洋的重要性；
2．政府应当采取有效的措施保护海洋生态；
3．我们要提高自身的环保意识，努力保护海洋生态。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Good morning, everyone!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That's all. Thank you!
参考范文：
Good morning, everyone!
Recent years have witnessed the serious damage to the marine ecosystem and the extinction of many creatures in the sea, about which the whole world is deeply concerned.
For one thing, people should be aware of the importance of protecting the ocean. As a matter of fact, to protect the ocean is to protect human beings. For another, it is urgent that the government should take immediate measures to keep the balance of the marine ecosystem. I'm sure that only by raising our awareness of environmental protection and making great efforts can we solve the problem.
That's all. Thank you!
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的故事。
Tim and his father were sailing at sea. He tried to remember all the sailing knowledge his father taught. However, it wasn't easy for him. He could only master the skills to tie ropes and wear a life jacket in case of emergency.
Tim pulled in the sail (帆) of the boat over his head successfully. He looked back at his father, hoping for a smile or a nod. But his dad was looking up at the sail, not at him. Tim enjoyed sailing with his father, but he also felt nervous and different from his confident father.
Suddenly, the wind was blowing angrily. He put on his life jacket nervously. By comparison, his father never wore a life jacket, for he had been swimming and sailing for his entire life.
“Tim, can you take the helm (方向盘) for a minute？” his father asked, “Just keep it going straight. I'll run up to the back of the boat to check something.” Considering the changing weather, Tim hesitated, but he didn't want to see the familiar disapproving look on his father's face. “Uh, sure，” he replied and went to hold the helm tightly.
Suddenly, the wind shifted direction and the boat heeled (倾斜) so sharply that it might turn over. Tim knew he had to let some air out of the sail to help right the boat, but he would have to let go of the helm to do that.
He looked back for his father, but the sail blocked his view. “Dad！” he called, but the wind swallowed his voice. His heart was pounding in his ears. The boat began to heel more. Tim knew he had to act fast. He held the helm with one hand and used the other hand to reach for the mainsail line, trying to loosen it. After a few attempts, he managed to let the air out of the sail. The boat quickly righted itself.
Tim gave a sigh of relief. Then he looked around for his father. But there was no sign of him.
注意：1.续写词数应为80左右；
2．请根据“水里有东西——Tim发现父亲落水——Tim营救父亲——父亲爬上船”，描写营救落水的父亲的过程。
Suddenly, he saw a flash of something in the water._________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Suddenly, he saw a flash of something in the water. Much to his surprise, the figure in the water was his father! Thoughts raced through his mind, but he struggled to maintain his composure. Tim reached the rope that his father had used to teach him sailing knots. As he recited the trick his father taught him, he formed the knot and pulled it tight. He knew that his father's life depended on his ability to throw the knot accurately. Focused and determined, he tied one end of the rope onto the boat and aimed the knot at his father. His father finally climbed back into the boat with Tim's help. Exhausted and shaken, his father's face was pale, but relief spread across it as he hugged Tim tightly.
[阅读拓展训练]
With roaring ships, hammering oil drill, industrial fishing and coastal construction, humans have strongly influenced the underwater soundscape (声音景观) over the past couple of hundred years — in some cases posting a threat to whales, dolphins and other ocean creatures. Until recently, underwater sound pollution had not attracted the same attention. Now, a new paper published in the journal Science lays out the impacts, demonstrating that noise pollution can be just as harmful to the ocean environment as other kinds of pollution.
Even the cracking of glaciers and any drop of rain falling on the water's surface can be heard deep under the sea. Sea life uses sound to study their habitat, and to keep in communication with each other. They also use sound by listening to know something about their environment.
“It's a long-lasting problem that certainly weakens the animals all the way from individuals to populations，” says lead author Carlos M. Duarte, distinguished professor at Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), “We are hoping that this report will not only reveal elements of how humans impact the ocean through sound pollution, but that it will also bring the topic to the attention of policymakers who will be able to act based upon the very real solutions.”
Marine (海洋的) ecologist Kirsten Thompson of the United Kingdom's University of Exeter, who was not involved in the study, said the report could not have come at a better time. “It summarizes the fact that we are in this new phase of human-caused noise in our oceans that is having a dramatic impact on different species.” What matters most, she notes, is the fact that the paper “doesn't just point at the problem, but it shows how to solve it”.
Unlike plastic pollution or fertilizer runoff, noise pollution will not take years to fix. The moment we switch our noise off the impact disappears, Duarte says, pointing to marine life surveys conducted around April 5, 2020. Having the world use more renewable energy would lessen the need to drill for oil and gas. The international team of researchers also called for a global regulatory framework for measuring and managing ocean noise.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了噪音污染对海洋环境的危害。
1．Which of the following threatens ocean creatures
A．Travel industry.
B．Human activities.
C．Construction companies.
D．Sailing off the coast.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，人类活动制造的噪音严重威胁着海洋生物，故选B。
√
2．Why noise pollution is harmful to the ocean environment
A．Ocean animals can't fall asleep.
B．It causes the cracking of glaciers.
C．It's a signal to the lower sea level.
D．It disrupts the behavior of sea life.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sea life uses sound ... about their environment.”可知，海洋噪音污染会扰乱海洋生物的行为，从而给海洋环境带来危害。故选D。
√
3．What can we learn from Kirsten Thompson
A．She is one of the paper's co-authors.
B．The report does not come at the right time.
C．The solutions are already available.
D．The report has raised great attention from seamen.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Kirsten Thompson认为研究已经找到了可行的解决办法。故选C。
√
4．What is needed to reduce the underwater noise
A．Technical advances and regulation.
B．A policy to measure the depth of ocean.
C．A global ban on drilling for oil and gas.
D．Noise standards for cars and trucks.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，科技的进步和有效的监管是减少海洋噪音的有效方法。故选A。
√UNIT 3 课时检测(五) Listening & Writing
[写作专项训练]
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．Making people realize the importance of protecting oceans is necessary.(用it作形式主语升级)
→
2．We all know that marine life diversity is an important part of the global creature diversity.(用定语从句升级)
→
3．The South China Sea has a wide and unique array (大量) of tropical marine lives. We will improve our understanding of life on the earth there.
(用定语从句合并句子)
→
4．It is unfortunate that inadequate development has sharply reduced the number and variety of these marine lives.(改写为简单句)
→
5．Mangroves, seaweeds, seagrasses are primary food producers for the coastal ecosystems and offer shelter to many forms of marine life.(对主语进行强调)
→
Ⅱ.应用文写作
近年来，海洋生态系统(the marine ecosystem)遭到破坏，很多海洋生物已经灭绝，这引起了全世界范围内的关注。假定你是李华，你所在的学校正在举行有关“生态保护”的英语演讲比赛，请用英文写一篇关于海洋生态的演讲稿参加比赛。内容要点如下：
1．人们应该意识到保护海洋的重要性；
2．政府应当采取有效的措施保护海洋生态；
3．我们要提高自身的环保意识，努力保护海洋生态。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Good morning, everyone!
That's all. Thank you!
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的故事。
Tim and his father were sailing at sea. He tried to remember all the sailing knowledge his father taught. However, it wasn't easy for him. He could only master the skills to tie ropes and wear a life jacket in case of emergency.
Tim pulled in the sail (帆) of the boat over his head successfully. He looked back at his father, hoping for a smile or a nod. But his dad was looking up at the sail, not at him. Tim enjoyed sailing with his father, but he also felt nervous and different from his confident father.
Suddenly, the wind was blowing angrily. He put on his life jacket nervously. By comparison, his father never wore a life jacket, for he had been swimming and sailing for his entire life.
“Tim, can you take the helm (方向盘) for a minute？” his father asked, “Just keep it going straight. I'll run up to the back of the boat to check something.” Considering the changing weather, Tim hesitated, but he didn't want to see the familiar disapproving look on his father's face. “Uh, sure，” he replied and went to hold the helm tightly.
Suddenly, the wind shifted direction and the boat heeled (倾斜) so sharply that it might turn over. Tim knew he had to let some air out of the sail to help right the boat, but he would have to let go of the helm to do that.
He looked back for his father, but the sail blocked his view. “Dad！” he called, but the wind swallowed his voice. His heart was pounding in his ears. The boat began to heel more. Tim knew he had to act fast. He held the helm with one hand and used the other hand to reach for the mainsail line, trying to loosen it. After a few attempts, he managed to let the air out of the sail. The boat quickly righted itself.
Tim gave a sigh of relief. Then he looked around for his father. But there was no sign of him.
注意：1.续写词数应为80左右；
2．请根据“水里有东西——Tim发现父亲落水——Tim营救父亲——父亲爬上船”，描写营救落水的父亲的过程。
Suddenly, he saw a flash of something in the water.
[阅读拓展训练]
With roaring ships, hammering oil drill, industrial fishing and coastal construction, humans have strongly influenced the underwater soundscape (声音景观) over the past couple of hundred years — in some cases posting a threat to whales, dolphins and other ocean creatures. Until recently, underwater sound pollution had not attracted the same attention. Now, a new paper published in the journal Science lays out the impacts, demonstrating that noise pollution can be just as harmful to the ocean environment as other kinds of pollution.
Even the cracking of glaciers and any drop of rain falling on the water's surface can be heard deep under the sea. Sea life uses sound to study their habitat, and to keep in communication with each other. They also use sound by listening to know something about their environment.
“It's a long lasting problem that certainly weakens the animals all the way from individuals to populations，” says lead author Carlos M. Duarte, distinguished professor at Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), “We are hoping that this report will not only reveal elements of how humans impact the ocean through sound pollution, but that it will also bring the topic to the attention of policymakers who will be able to act based upon the very real solutions.”
Marine (海洋的) ecologist Kirsten Thompson of the United Kingdom's University of Exeter, who was not involved in the study, said the report could not have come at a better time. “It summarizes the fact that we are in this new phase of human caused noise in our oceans that is having a dramatic impact on different species.” What matters most, she notes, is the fact that the paper “doesn't just point at the problem, but it shows how to solve it”.
Unlike plastic pollution or fertilizer runoff, noise pollution will not take years to fix. The moment we switch our noise off the impact disappears, Duarte says, pointing to marine life surveys conducted around April 5, 2020. Having the world use more renewable energy would lessen the need to drill for oil and gas. The international team of researchers also called for a global regulatory framework for measuring and managing ocean noise.
1．Which of the following threatens ocean creatures
A．Travel industry. B．Human activities.
C．Construction companies. D．Sailing off the coast.
2．Why noise pollution is harmful to the ocean environment
A．Ocean animals can't fall asleep.
B．It causes the cracking of glaciers.
C．It's a signal to the lower sea level.
D．It disrupts the behavior of sea life.
3．What can we learn from Kirsten Thompson
A．She is one of the paper's co authors.
B．The report does not come at the right time.
C．The solutions are already available.
D．The report has raised great attention from seamen.
4．What is needed to reduce the underwater noise
A．Technical advances and regulation.
B．A policy to measure the depth of ocean.
C．A global ban on drilling for oil and gas.
D．Noise standards for cars and trucks.
UNIT 3 课时检测(五)
[写作专项训练]
Ⅰ.1.It is necessary to make people realize the importance of protecting oceans.
2．As is known to all/As we all know, marine life diversity is an important part of the global creature diversity.
3．The South China Sea has a wide and unique array of tropical marine lives, where we will improve our understanding of life on the earth.
4．Unfortunately, inadequate development has sharply reduced the number and variety of these marine lives.
5．It is mangroves, seaweeds, seagrasses that are primary food producers for the coastal ecosystems and offer shelter to many forms of marine life.
Ⅱ.应用文写作(参考范文)
Good morning, everyone!
Recent years have witnessed the serious damage to the marine ecosystem and the extinction of many creatures in the sea, about which the whole world is deeply concerned.
For one thing, people should be aware of the importance of protecting the ocean. As a matter of fact, to protect the ocean is to protect human beings. For another, it is urgent that the government should take immediate measures to keep the balance of the marine ecosystem. I'm sure that only by raising our awareness of environmental protection and making great efforts can we solve the problem.
That's all. Thank you!
Ⅲ.读后续写(参考范文)
Suddenly, he saw a flash of something in the water. Much to his surprise, the figure in the water was his father! Thoughts raced through his mind, but he struggled to maintain his composure. Tim reached the rope that his father had used to teach him sailing knots. As he recited the trick his father taught him, he formed the knot and pulled it tight. He knew that his father's life depended on his ability to throw the knot accurately. Focused and determined, he tied one end of the rope onto the boat and aimed the knot at his father. His father finally climbed back into the boat with Tim's help. Exhausted and shaken, his father's face was pale, but relief spread across it as he hugged Tim tightly.
[阅读拓展训练]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了噪音污染对海洋环境的危害。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，人类活动制造的噪音严重威胁着海洋生物，故选B。
2．选D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sea life uses sound ... about their environment.”可知，海洋噪音污染会扰乱海洋生物的行为，从而给海洋环境带来危害。故选D。
3．选C 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Kirsten Thompson认为研究已经找到了可行的解决办法。故选C。
4．选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，科技的进步和有效的监管是减少海洋噪音的有效方法。故选A。
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