Section Ⅲ Learning About Language
(语法项目——复习长句)
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
Dear friends，
Good morning！I'm glad to express my opinion on our monitor's suggestion ①that we should spare 15 minutes to read the newspaper every day. As far as I am concerned, it's a good idea ②because it can do us good in some ways. Firstly, we are occupied with study every day ③and we seldom know ④what's happening at home and abroad. By reading newspapers we can acquire more information about the outside world. Secondly, the advantages of the activity are ⑤that it can enrich our school life and improve our learning efficiency as well. Last but not least, ⑥what I want to emphasize is ⑦that it will help us improve our reading skills⑧that/which we must master. As for my suggestion, I think we should make a choice about ⑨what we'll read. I'm convinced that everyone will benefit from this activity.
That's all.Thank you for listening.
①that引导同位语从句；
②because引导状语从句；
③and连接并列句；
④what引导宾语从句；
⑤that引导表语从句；
⑥what引导主语从句；
⑦that引导表语从句；
⑧that/which引导定语从句；
⑨what引导宾语从句。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
长句指含有较多、较长的修饰成分，或是包含多个并列句或从句的句子。本单元主要介绍的是主从复合句和并列复合句。
[自主感知]
①I have experience in working with animals, and I have also volunteered in a local library.
②(教材典句)As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new is，“What do you do？”
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby.
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience next.
⑤The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.
[我的发现]
①是并列句。__________连接两个简单句。
②是主从复合句。__________从句you are asked修饰先行词questions; when引导时间状语从句；What do you do为__________从句。
③是主从复合句。because引导______________；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the people; 现在分词短语recording their encounters with species in areas nearby作伴随状语。
④是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句；what引导__________从句；adventure 是先行词，we will experience next是省略了关系代词的定语从句。
⑤是并列复合句，由两个并列分句组成。前一个分句是简单句，其中with no interest in settling down作后置定语，修饰__________；后一个分句是复合句，其中 when they heard ... in Alaska是时间状语从句，主句是they left Dawson City，而as quickly as they had come是______________。
[规则点拨]
长句的突破策略
一、结构分析法
所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，弄清句子的结构，把握句子的基本框架。基本步骤：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。
方法一：较复杂的简单句——找主、谓，即找主干成分
①Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.
[分析] 本句的主语为“Some companies”，句中and连接两个谓语，即have made和emphasize。
②At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors' chute (滑道) doors and sets the recycling container turning.
[分析] 本句的主语为“a microcomputer”，谓语为and连接的locks和sets。
方法二：并列句——找并列连词
①The hot sun had caused the dough (面团) to double in size and fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing.
②Miss Germaine's mother looked anxious through the wedding and Mr Cordell's parents are reported to be less than delighted.
[分析] 第①句中的第一个and和第②句中的and都是并列连词，各自连接两个并列分句。
方法三：主从复合句——找从属关联词
Whereas a woman's closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn't unusual to hear a man say he didn't know his friend's marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.
[分析] whereas引导一个让步状语从句，而“it wasn't unusual to hear a man say”为主句，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。“he didn't know his friend's marriage ... on the sofa”为省略从属连词that的宾语从句，从句中又含有not ... until引导的时间状语从句，从句中又各含有一个宾语从句：“his friend's marriage was in serious trouble(省略连接词that)”与“if he could sleep on the sofa(从属连词if)”。
方法四：并列复合句——先找并列连词，再找从属关联词
If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like“Shakespeare”“Samuel Johnson”， and “Webster”， but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn't even speak English — William, the Conqueror.
[分析] 首先找到并列连词but，推知：“If you ask ...‘Webster’”为but连接的第一分句，“none of these men ... the Conqueror”为第二分句；第一分句中含if引导的条件状语从句，从句中又含有who引导的定语从句；第二分句中含who引导的定语从句。
二、意群阅读法
一个句子可根据意思和语法结构分成若干小段，每一小段称之为一个意群。意群可以是一个词、一个词组或短语，也可以是一个并列句的分句或复合句的主句、从句等。此方法有助于提高阅读速度和理解的准确性。例如：
①When two cars travelling at 30 mph hit each other, ②an unbelted driver would meet the windshield (挡风玻璃) ③with a force equal to diving headfirst (头向前地) into the ground from a height of 10 meters.
[分析] ①是状语从句，②是主句，③是介词短语作状语。这样，把整个句子划分为3个意群，可以大大提高阅读速度。
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
分析下列短文中波浪线部分的句式结构
A
A key aspect of scientific judgment is ①that it is done collectively (__________)．No claim gets accepted ②until it has been vetted by dozens (________), if not hundreds, of heads.In areas ③that have been contested (__________), like climate science and vaccine safety, it's thousands.This is ④why we are generally justified in not worrying too much (__________) if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim.
B
In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe ⑤that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world” (第一个that引导__________从句，从句中含有so ...that引导的________________从句)．As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe ⑥that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back (that引导__________从句，从句中含有whatever引导的__________从句)．
Section Ⅲ
慧学语法
[我的发现] ①and ②定语 表语 ③原因状语从句
④宾语 ⑤people 比较状语从句
活用语法
①表语从句 ②时间状语从句 ③定语从句 ④表语从句 ⑤宾语 结果状语 ⑥宾语 主语
4 / 4(共47张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Learning About Language
课时跟踪检测
目 录
(语法项目——复习长句)
Dear friends，
Good morning！I'm glad to express my opinion on our monitor's suggestion ①that we should spare 15 minutes to read the newspaper every day. As far as I am concerned, it's a good idea ②because it can do us good in some ways. Firstly, we are occupied with study every day ③and we seldom know ④what's happening at home and abroad.
(语法项目——复习长句)
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
By reading newspapers we can acquire more information about the outside world. Secondly, the advantages of the activity are ⑤that it can enrich our school life and improve our learning efficiency as well. Last but not least, ⑥what I want to emphasize is ⑦that it will help us improve our reading skills⑧that/which we must master. As for my suggestion, I think we should make a choice about ⑨what we'll read. I'm convinced that everyone will benefit from this activity.
That's all.Thank you for listening.
①that引导同位语从句； ②because引导状语从句；
③and连接并列句； ④what引导宾语从句；
⑤that引导表语从句； ⑥what引导主语从句；
⑦that引导表语从句； ⑧that/which引导定语从句；
⑨what引导宾语从句。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
长句指含有较多、较长的修饰成分，或是包含多个并列句或从句的句子。本单元主要介绍的是主从复合句和并列复合句。
[自主感知]
①I have experience in working with animals, and I have also volunteered in a local library.
②(教材典句)As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new is，“What do you do？”
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby.
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience next.
⑤The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.
[我的发现]
①是并列句。_________ 连接两个简单句。
②是主从复合句。________从句you are asked修饰先行词questions; when引导时间状语从句；What do you do为_______从句。
③是主从复合句。because引导_______________；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the people; 现在分词短语recording their encounters with species in areas nearby作伴随状语。
and
定语
表语
原因状语从句
④是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句；what引导_____从句；adventure 是先行词，we will experience next是省略了关系代词的定语从句。
⑤是并列复合句，由两个并列分句组成。前一个分句是简单句，其中with no interest in settling down作后置定语，修饰__________；后一个分句是复合句，其中 when they heard ... in Alaska是时间状语从句，主句是they left Dawson City，而as quickly as they had come是_______________。
宾语
people
比较状语从句
[规则点拨]
长句的突破策略
一、结构分析法
所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，弄清句子的结构，把握句子的基本框架。基本步骤：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。
方法一：较复杂的简单句——找主、谓，即找主干成分
①Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.
[分析] 本句的主语为“Some companies”，句中and连接两个谓语，即have made和emphasize。
②At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors' chute (滑道) doors and sets the recycling container turning.
[分析] 本句的主语为“a microcomputer”，谓语为and连接的locks和sets。
方法二：并列句——找并列连词
①The hot sun had caused the dough (面团) to double in size and fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing.
②Miss Germaine's mother looked anxious through the wedding and Mr Cordell's parents are reported to be less than delighted.
[分析] 第①句中的第一个and和第②句中的and都是并列连词，各自连接两个并列分句。
方法三：主从复合句——找从属关联词
Whereas a woman's closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn't unusual to hear a man say he didn't know his friend's marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.
[分析] whereas引导一个让步状语从句，而“it wasn't unusual to hear a man say”为主句，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。“he didn't know his friend's marriage ... on the sofa”为省略从属连词that的宾语从句，从句中又含有not ... until引导的时间状语从句，从句中又各含有一个宾语从句：“his friend's marriage was in serious trouble(省略连接词that)”与“if he could sleep on the sofa(从属连词if)”。
方法四：并列复合句——先找并列连词，再找从属关联词
If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like“Shakespeare”“Samuel Johnson”， and “Webster”， but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn't even speak English — William, the Conqueror.
[分析] 首先找到并列连词but，推知：“If you ask ...‘Webster’”为but连接的第一分句，“none of these men ... the Conqueror”为第二分句；第一分句中含if引导的条件状语从句，从句中又含有who引导的定语从句；第二分句中含who引导的定语从句。
二、意群阅读法
一个句子可根据意思和语法结构分成若干小段，每一小段称之为一个意群。意群可以是一个词、一个词组或短语，也可以是一个并列句的分句或复合句的主句、从句等。此方法有助于提高阅读速度和理解的准确性。例如：
①When two cars travelling at 30 mph hit each other, ②an unbelted driver would meet the windshield (挡风玻璃) ③with a force equal to diving headfirst (头向前地) into the ground from a height of 10 meters.
[分析] ①是状语从句，②是主句，③是介词短语作状语。这样，把整个句子划分为3个意群，可以大大提高阅读速度。
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
分析下列短文中波浪线部分的句式结构
A
A key aspect of scientific judgment is ①that it is done collectively (___________)．No claim gets accepted ②until it has been vetted by dozens (________________), if not hundreds, of heads.In areas ③that have been contested (________), like climate science and vaccine safety, it's thousands.This is ④why we are generally justified in not worrying too much (_________) if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim.
表语从句
时间状语从句
定语从句
表语从句
B
In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe ⑤that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world” (第一个that引导________从句，从句中含有so ...that引导的___________从句)．
宾语
结果状语
As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe ⑥that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back (that引导_________从句，从句中含有whatever引导的________从句)．
宾语
主语
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Three years into my postdoctoral (博士后) position, I decided I needed a new career plan. After applying for more than two dozen teaching jobs, I hadn't landed a single interview. I was disappointed but not surprised. I was applying in the middle of the financial crisis, when many universities carried out hiring freezes, and my publication record didn't stand out.
One day after my failed job search, my office mate was amazed by what a journal's scientific illustrator had done to the sketches (草图) in her review article with artistic techniques. I thought to myself, “That would be such a fun job.” A long dormant (蛰伏的) dream of becoming an artist began to stir.
My family was bursting with mathematicians and engineers who pursued music and literature in their spare time, so it felt natural to have my daily life revolve around science, with art as my dreamy lunar companion. I had once considered going to art school but had put that idea aside when I decided to pursue chemistry as an undergraduate. In the years that followed, I kept up my interest in art by taking drawing and painting classes at night.
I decided to test out a new career direction by creating similar illustrations for my institute's newsletters. I spent nights and weekends reading scientific papers and thinking about how to illustrate the results. It was a fun task — something that engaged my artistic, creative side and made use of my scientific training. I felt I was on the right path.
It was exciting to find a career that drew on my diverse skill set. I did feel a sense of loss for not becoming an academic educator, and I worried I'd be letting down the people and institutions who'd invested time and resources in me. But it helped to remind me that my new career path wasn't removed from science. I now work as a visual designer at a biomedical research institute, not far from my husband's company, and my business is flying.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的职业生涯。受家庭的熏陶，作者最终获得了博士学位。同时也在追求科学的基础上实现了自己对艺术的追求，找到了理想的职业。
1．Why did the author fail to land a job at first
A．She lacked interview skills.
B．It was a very difficult period.
C．Her publications were of little value.
D．Universities adopted rigid hiring requirements.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者没有找到工作是因为当时正处于金融危机这一困难时期。
√
2．What mainly influenced the author's choice of science
A．Her family culture. B．Her childhood dream.
C．Her talent for science. D．Her colleague's encouragement.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，作者的家人大多是数学家和工程师，日常生活围绕着科学，因此作者的家庭文化影响着作者对科学的选择。
√
3．Which of the following best describes the author
A．Romantic and curious.
B．Creative and generous.
C．Humorous and hard-working.
D．Science-pursuing and considerate.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“I spent nights and weekends ... on the right path.”可知，作者是有科学追求的；根据最后一段的“I did feel a sense of loss ... removed from science.”可知，作者体贴他人。
√
4．What can be the best title of the text
A．Power from Science
B．Challenge of Job Hunting
C．Shift from Traditional Belief
D．Take-off with Artistic Wings
√
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文并根据第二段的“A long dormant (蛰伏的) dream of becoming an artist began to stir.”和最后一段的“I now work ...business is flying.”可知，作者讲述了自己对艺术的追求，尽管接受了科学的训练，作者仍追求自己的艺术梦想，并获得两者兼顾的事业。由此可知，D项为最佳标题。
Ⅱ.分析下列长难句的结构并翻译
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解C篇)The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。when引导_____________，其中like identifying the main idea in a reading passage和such as drawing inferences from a text分别补充说明simple tasks和ones that require mental abstraction。
翻译：_____________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
纸质阅读的好处尤其突显在实验者从简单任务——比如识别阅读文章的主旨——到需要抽象思维的任务时——比如从文本中进行推断。
时间状语从句
2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解C篇)According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。suited to social media作后置定语修饰mindset, which引导的________________，修饰先行词social media, and连接主句并列的谓语approach和devote。
翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
非限制性定语从句
根据这一理论，人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度一样，社交媒体通常不那么严肃，相比纸质阅读，人们投入的脑力要少。
3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解D篇)These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens, and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know：Are they usable
分析：本句是一个and连接的并列复合句。前一分句中的that引导______________，修饰先行词the primary data; 后一分句中的since引导________________，how引导___________，作investigate的宾语。
翻译：_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
定语从句
原因状语从句
宾语从句
现在，这些观察结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据，由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：这些观察数据可靠吗？
4．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读理解B篇)“You enter the fare gates and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story，” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中that引导_______________，并在从句中作主语，先行词是a kiosk；tells后是省略了that的___________；the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit是Alicia Trost的同位语；known as BART是过去分词短语作后置定语。
翻译：_____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
限制性定语从句
宾语从句
旧金山湾区快速交通系统(BART)的首席通讯官Alicia Trost说：“你进入检票口，就会看到一个亮着灯的亭子，它告诉你可以选择一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事。”
5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读理解D篇)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。making for ... as AI是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中嵌入两个which引导的_________，都修饰先行词guide。
翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
定语从句
她从商业人士而非学者的实用角度出发，使得这本指南通俗易懂、内容丰富。读完之后，你会觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。
Ⅲ.语法填空
If you make a career choice while you are still in high school, you 1 (save) time and money in the long run. Students who do not plan ahead may delay starting college or take extra courses 2 (give) themselves time to make up their minds. It is said that the average yearly tuition at a four-year college is ＄35,000. If you spend 3 extra year in school, you may have to take out additional 4 (loan) or pay extra money to cover the cost.
Choosing a career while you are in high school also gives you time to explore your 5 (choose) industry. If you find a career which sounds 6 (interest), you can follow someone in the field and see what it is 7 (real) like to have that job. You can also apply 8 a chance to get an informal position related to your desired industry. This will help you build a professional network even before you graduate from high school. Professional contact is very 9 (value), especially when you are looking for a job in your field. If you do as much as you can to build a network 10 you are ready for a job, you will be more likely to succeed.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了高中生职业生涯规划的重要性。
1．will save 考查动词的时态。这是一个条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，所以空处用一般将来时。
2．to give 考查非谓语动词。由语境可知，空处表示目的，故用动词不定式作状语。
3．an 考查冠词。year 为可数名词，此处泛指“额外的一年”，且extra的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
4．loans 考查名词复数。take out loans 意为“贷款”。因为loan意为“贷款”时为可数名词，空前没有限定词，所以应该使用其复数形式。
5．chosen 考查非谓语动词。本句中动词choose与名词industry之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用过去分词作定语，修饰industry。
6．interesting 考查形容词。空处作表语，主语是career，表示主语的特征，应用v.-ing形式的形容词。
7．really 考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式。
8．for 考查介词。apply for意为“申请”，为固定搭配。
9．valuable 考查形容词。空处和系动词is构成系表结构，故应填形容词形式valuable。
10．when/before 考查状语从句。空处引导一个时间状语从句，根据句意，可用when/before引导。
Ⅳ.根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文
Dear Mr Jason，
I'm Li Hua, a high school student.I am writing to ①____________
____________ (申请这个职位) you advertised on the website.
First of all, having studied English for about ten years, ②_______
_______________________ (我精通英语)．With fluent oral English, I'm convinced that I have no difficulty in communicating with foreign guests.Furthermore, since I grow up here, I'm familiar with the history and traditions of Yunnan Province.
apply for the
position
I have a
good command of English
And ③___________________________ (我对它们有强烈的感情). More importantly, considered as a kind, confident and outgoing boy/girl, I can ④______________________________ (与不同的人交朋友)．I am sure foreign visitors will be satisfied with my thoughtful and excellent service.
⑤_________________________ (我将非常感激) if you could give me the precious chance to serve as an interpreter.Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
I have strong affection for them
make friends with different people
I would deeply appreciate itUNIT 5 课时检测(三) Learning About Language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Three years into my postdoctoral (博士后) position, I decided I needed a new career plan. After applying for more than two dozen teaching jobs, I hadn't landed a single interview. I was disappointed but not surprised. I was applying in the middle of the financial crisis, when many universities carried out hiring freezes, and my publication record didn't stand out.
One day after my failed job search, my office mate was amazed by what a journal's scientific illustrator had done to the sketches (草图) in her review article with artistic techniques. I thought to myself, “That would be such a fun job.” A long dormant (蛰伏的) dream of becoming an artist began to stir.
My family was bursting with mathematicians and engineers who pursued music and literature in their spare time, so it felt natural to have my daily life revolve around science, with art as my dreamy lunar companion. I had once considered going to art school but had put that idea aside when I decided to pursue chemistry as an undergraduate. In the years that followed, I kept up my interest in art by taking drawing and painting classes at night.
I decided to test out a new career direction by creating similar illustrations for my institute's newsletters. I spent nights and weekends reading scientific papers and thinking about how to illustrate the results. It was a fun task — something that engaged my artistic, creative side and made use of my scientific training. I felt I was on the right path.
It was exciting to find a career that drew on my diverse skill set. I did feel a sense of loss for not becoming an academic educator, and I worried I'd be letting down the people and institutions who'd invested time and resources in me. But it helped to remind me that my new career path wasn't removed from science. I now work as a visual designer at a biomedical research institute, not far from my husband's company, and my business is flying.
1．Why did the author fail to land a job at first
A．She lacked interview skills.
B．It was a very difficult period.
C．Her publications were of little value.
D．Universities adopted rigid hiring requirements.
2．What mainly influenced the author's choice of science
A．Her family culture.
B．Her childhood dream.
C．Her talent for science.
D．Her colleague's encouragement.
3．Which of the following best describes the author
A．Romantic and curious.
B．Creative and generous.
C．Humorous and hard working.
D．Science pursuing and considerate.
4．What can be the best title of the text
A．Power from Science
B．Challenge of Job Hunting
C．Shift from Traditional Belief
D．Take off with Artistic Wings
Ⅱ.分析下列长难句的结构并翻译
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解C篇)The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。when引导__________________，其中like identifying the main idea in a reading passage和such as drawing inferences from a text分别补充说明simple tasks和ones that require mental abstraction。
翻译：
2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解C篇)According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。suited to social media作后置定语修饰mindset, which引导的____________________，修饰先行词social media, and连接主句并列的谓语approach和devote。
翻译：
3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解D篇)These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens, and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know：Are they usable
分析：本句是一个and连接的并列复合句。前一分句中的that引导________，修饰先行词the primary data; 后一分句中的since引导______，how引导__________，作investigate的宾语。
翻译：
4．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读理解B篇)“You enter the fare gates and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one minute, a three minute, or a five minute story，” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中that引导______________，并在从句中作主语，先行词是a kiosk；tells后是省略了that的______________；the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit是Alicia Trost的同位语；known as BART是过去分词短语作后置定语。
翻译：
5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读理解D篇)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。making for ... as AI是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中嵌入两个which引导的__________，都修饰先行词guide。
翻译：
Ⅲ.语法填空
If you make a career choice while you are still in high school, you __1__ (save) time and money in the long run. Students who do not plan ahead may delay starting college or take extra courses __2__ (give) themselves time to make up their minds. It is said that the average yearly tuition at a four year college is $35,000. If you spend __3__ extra year in school, you may have to take out additional __4__ (loan) or pay extra money to cover the cost.
Choosing a career while you are in high school also gives you time to explore your __5__ (choose) industry. If you find a career which sounds __6__ (interest), you can follow someone in the field and see what it is __7__ (real) like to have that job. You can also apply __8__ a chance to get an informal position related to your desired industry. This will help you build a professional network even before you graduate from high school. Professional contact is very __9__ (value), especially when you are looking for a job in your field. If you do as much as you can to build a network __10__ you are ready for a job, you will be more likely to succeed.
Ⅳ.根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文
Dear Mr Jason，
I'm Li Hua, a high school student.I am writing to ①____________________ (申请这个职位) you advertised on the website.
First of all, having studied English for about ten years, ②______________________________ (我精通英语)．With fluent oral English, I'm convinced that I have no difficulty in communicating with foreign guests.Furthermore, since I grow up here, I'm familiar with the history and traditions of Yunnan Province. And ③__________________________________ (我对它们有强烈的感情). More importantly, considered as a kind, confident and outgoing boy/girl, I can ④____________________ (与不同的人交朋友)．I am sure foreign visitors will be satisfied with my thoughtful and excellent service.
⑤_____________________________________ (我将非常感激) if you could give me the precious chance to serve as an interpreter.Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
UNIT 5 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的职业生涯。受家庭的熏陶，作者最终获得了博士学位。同时也在追求科学的基础上实现了自己对艺术的追求，找到了理想的职业。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者没有找到工作是因为当时正处于金融危机这一困难时期。
2．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，作者的家人大多是数学家和工程师，日常生活围绕着科学，因此作者的家庭文化影响着作者对科学的选择。
3．选D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“I spent nights and weekends ... on the right path.”可知，作者是有科学追求的；根据最后一段的“I did feel a sense of loss ... removed from science.”可知，作者体贴他人。
4．选D 标题归纳题。通读全文并根据第二段的“A long dormant (蛰伏的) dream of becoming an artist began to stir.”和最后一段的“I now work ...business is flying.”可知，作者讲述了自己对艺术的追求，尽管接受了科学的训练，作者仍追求自己的艺术梦想，并获得两者兼顾的事业。由此可知，D项为最佳标题。
Ⅱ.1.时间状语从句
纸质阅读的好处尤其突显在实验者从简单任务——比如识别阅读文章的主旨——到需要抽象思维的任务时——比如从文本中进行推断。
2．非限制性定语从句
根据这一理论，人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度一样，社交媒体通常不那么严肃，相比纸质阅读，人们投入的脑力要少。
3．定语从句 原因状语从句 宾语从句
现在，这些观察结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据，由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：这些观察数据可靠吗？
4．限制性定语从句 宾语从句
旧金山湾区快速交通系统(BART)的首席通讯官Alicia Trost说：“你进入检票口，就会看到一个亮着灯的亭子，它告诉你可以选择一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事。”
5．定语从句
她从商业人士而非学者的实用角度出发，使得这本指南通俗易懂、内容丰富。读完之后，你会觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了高中生职业生涯规划的重要性。
1．will save 考查动词的时态。这是一个条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，所以空处用一般将来时。
2．to give 考查非谓语动词。由语境可知，空处表示目的，故用动词不定式作状语。
3．an 考查冠词。year 为可数名词，此处泛指“额外的一年”，且extra的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
4．loans 考查名词复数。take out loans 意为“贷款”。因为loan意为“贷款”时为可数名词，空前没有限定词，所以应该使用其复数形式。
5．chosen 考查非谓语动词。本句中动词choose与名词industry之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用过去分词作定语，修饰industry。
6．interesting 考查形容词。空处作表语，主语是career，表示主语的特征，应用v. ing形式的形容词。
7．really 考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式。
8．for 考查介词。apply for意为“申请”，为固定搭配。
9．valuable 考查形容词。空处和系动词is构成系表结构，故应填形容词形式valuable。
10．when/before 考查状语从句。空处引导一个时间状语从句，根据句意，可用when/before引导。
Ⅳ.①apply for the position ②I have a good command of English
③I have strong affection for them ④make friends with different people ⑤I would deeply appreciate it
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