Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
维度一：基础题型练
完成下列附加疑问句。
1.Your parents had a long talk with you last night， ？
2.Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet， ？
3.Shopping isn’t what you want to do， ？
4.Everything seems all right， ？
5.You must have got the letter yesterday， ？
6.She seldom argues with others， ？
7.They are hopeless， ？
8.Don’t play with fire， ？
9.Let’s go home， ？
10.They told me it was not true， ？
11.There is nobody outside， ？
12.—He knows little about it， ？
—Yes， ./No， .
维度二：语法与写作
1.Let’s the junior students， ？
让我们给低年级的学生树立一个榜样，好吗？
2.Don’t even when in trouble， ？
即使处在困境中也不要丧失信心，好吗？
3.Let us together to play football， ？
让我们一起去操场踢足球，好吗？
4.You must before going abroad， ？
在出国之前你必须申请签证，是不是？
5.You must have left your bag in the theatre， ？
你一定是把包落在剧场了，是不是？
6.With great determination， he never ， ？
有了巨大的决心，他从不灰心，是不是？
7.He never told his parents that their friendship ， ？
他从不告诉他的父母他们的友谊破裂了，对吗？
8.Health is more important than wealth， ？
健康比财富重要，是不是？
9.Gymnastics can and make us have a graceful figure， ？
体操训练能增强我们的力气，塑造我们优美的体形，是吗？
10. to do gymnastics， ？
让我们去体育馆做体操训练，好吗？
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面对话，补全对话中的附加疑问部分或答语。
1.Lily：I haven’t seen you recently.What are you doing these days？
Bob：I am doing research on how to protect wildlife.
Lily：You have never done such research before， （1） ？
Bob：Yes， this is the first time that I have done this.I have read some papers on this topic and also attended a lecture.
Lily：The lecture is very useful to your research， （2） ？
Bob：Yes， it is.It is also inspiring.
Lily：It inspires you to find more information about the topic， doesn’t it？
Bob：（3） ， .It has provided inspiration for me to explore in depth about the topic.
2.Sam：Amy， there will be a film in the school hall tonight， （1） ？
Amy：I’ve just heard about it.It is called A Brief History of Time， a film about Stephen Hawking.
Sam：It must be a great movie， （2） ？
Amy：I think so.Let’s watch it together， （3） ？
Sam：OK， we can meet in front of the school hall at about six， （4） ？
Amy：OK， see you then！
Sam：See you！
3.Mother：Mary， you haven’t finished your homework， （1） ？
Mary：Yes， I have.I’m reading a book now.You need help， （2） ？
Mother：There are no tomatoes at home.I’m busy now.Can you help me buy some？
Mary：No problem.My father will come back for lunch， （3） ？
Mother：Yes， he will.We will have a big lunch today.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When I discovered my passion for Irish Dance in my mid-forties， I learned everything I could about it.This was despite the negative comments of many of my friends.They tried to talk me out of my dream， saying I was too old to master this art form.
I didn’t listen to them.I took classes， practiced every day， and paid for private lessons.Frankly， I never liked being in the competitions.But， they forced me to practice and improve my skill.Over the years， I accumulated a few silver and bronze medals.
And then， at age fifty， I won a gold medal at an Irish Dance competition in Colorado.
At the end of the competition， while I stood in the dancer tent admiring my medal， a pair of Irish Dance shoes went flying past my head.The shoes were not intentionally aimed in my direction.But the words of an angry fellow competitor were： “You have no right to that medal， Padgett.I should have won.I am so much better than you.”
I didn’t know what to say.I stood there， hurt， trying to regain my emotional balance.Then I felt a hand rest gently on my shoulder.An unfamiliar voice asked， “Do you believe her？”
“Yes， ma’am.She is just all around better than me，” I admitted.
“No， she isn’t，” the adjudicator told me.“Do you know why you were awarded this gold medal today？” she asked.
I shook my head.She looked into my teary eyes and said， “You reflected hours of practice and wonderful skill， just like many others.From a judge’s point of view， it can be difficult to select one dancer over another when awarding medals.But， if mechanics and technical merit are equal， the decision will fall to the one who dances with her heart.Some do the dance； others are the dance.Today， you were the dance.And that， my friend， is gold.”
1.What do we learn about the author’s friends？
A.They were optimistic.
B.They were generous.
C.They showed their support.
D.They expressed their doubt.
2.What can we infer about the competitor who threw a pair of shoes？
A.She won a bronze medal.
B.She was narrow-minded.
C.She was treated unfairly by the judge.
D.She performed better than the author.
3.What did the judge think of the author’s performance？
A.It was perfect.
B.It was unusual.
C.It lacked concentration.
D.It needed improvement.
4.What can we learn from the author’s story？
A.Hard work pays off.
B.Still waters run deep.
C.All roads lead to Rome.
D.Great hopes make great men.
B
The first model of Apple’s iPhone was launched 17 years ago.Since then， many different smartphones have been introduced.The devices now influence our daily lives in many ways.
One thing that has changed is that many people now use their phones to easily take pictures anywhere， anytime， without the need for a camera.Not surprisingly， this change has caused major business problems for camera manufacturers.
Today， many smartphones have high-quality cameras designed to produce better pictures than the ones most people used in the past for personal photographs.And some news photographers， for example， have found advantages in using them in their work.The Associated Press recently asked some of its photographers who use iPhones to describe how they use the devices.
Brynn Anderson is based with the AP in Atlanta， Georgia.She said：“Sometimes being a photographer with a larger camera can be intimidating to the person being photographed.Using a phone makes it easier for me to get intimate （亲密的） moments that might not happen.”
Dita Alangkara covers Jakarta， Indonesia for the AP.He said shooting with a smartphone opens up more possibilities on the streets of Jakarta.“People are so used to seeing others taking photos with their gadgets that they just ignore me.This gives me a whole new perspective to explore ...”
Khalil Hamra is an AP photographer in Istanbul， Turkey.He said，“Truth be told， every time I take a nice picture with my phone， I feel that something is missing and could have been better if I took it with my professional camera.”
Oded Balilty is based in Tel Aviv， Israel.“It is a different tool that definitely has changed what we do，” he said of the iPhone.But， he added： “It’s the photographer， not the device， that determines the quality of a photo.”
5.What has caused major business problems for camera industry？
A.Higher production cost.
B.Lack of technical progress.
C.Fewer news photographers.
D.Decrease in market demand.
6.Which of the following most probably likes seeking perfection？
A.Brynn Anderson. B.Dita Alangkara.
C.Khalil Hamra. D.Oded Balilty.
7.How does the author develop the passage？
A.By analyzing some facts.
B.By giving some examples.
C.By providing some reasons.
D.By making some comparisons.
8.What’s the main idea of the passage？
A.The sales of cameras are dropping.
B.Smartphones can take better photos.
C.Smartphones are replacing cameras.
D.Cameras are needed by photographers.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
In 1956， Pelé was only fifteen and arrived in the city of Santos， Brazil.He had grown up in Bauru， but his incredible skills on the soccer field got him noticed by a team called Santos.
At just over five feet tall， Pelé was small for his age.On his new team， though， he was playing against older， larger adults. 9 After he missed an easy penalty （罚球） shot during a game that cost his team a victory， he was embarrassed and sad， thinking of quitting.
Early in the morning， he packed his bag and tiptoed out of his room.But as he walked quietly through the players’ dormitory， he was stopped by a man who worked for the team.Big Sabu helped the players with their clothes and watched over the young players.In his many years with Santos， he had seen other teens like Pelé. 10
So Big Sabu stopped Pelé and told him he could not leave without permission.He wanted to keep Pelé on team Santos. 11 He headed back to his room and he would keep aiming for his dream.
12 Pelé worked hard and improved his skills quickly.He worked on shooting and passing and being in the right position to help his teammates.He ate more， exercised， and grew stronger and more confident.
In a few months， he was one of the team’s stars， scoring goal after goal. 13 When Pelé was only seventeen， he was named to the national team for Brazil and helped his country win its first World Cup championship！
A.He was an amazing player.
B.He was worried he would not succeed.
C.And it turned out to be the right decision.
D.Pelé listened and made an important decision.
E.They were young， scared， and often thought of quitting.
F.And he could make his dream of becoming a soccer star come true.
G.With Pelé’s help， Santos became one of the top teams in the country.
9. 10. 11.
12. 13.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Here’s one more reason to get up and exercise！ A newly 14 （publish） study in JAMA Neurology has found that walking about 10，000 steps per day 15 （help） lower the risk of developing dementia （痴呆症）.In fact， 4，000 steps a day is enough 16 （decrease） dementia risk by one-quarter， according to the study.
Furthermore， people who walk with “purpose” — 17 a pace of over 40 steps a minute — 18 （be） able to cut their risk of dementia by 57 percent with just about 6，000 steps a day.“It is a brisk （轻快的） walking activity， like a power walk，” study co-author Borja del Pozo Cruz told CNN.
Even people 19 walk about 3，800 steps a day at any speed can cut their risk of dementia by 25 percent， the study found.Such a number of steps would be enough for 20 （beginner）， especially those who usually sit for a long time each day.
“There is evidence 21 physical activity can enhance dementia 22 （prevent） among the general population，” Del Pozo Cruz said.“We thought that by providing specific stepping recommendations， people would pay more attention to physical activity， as walking is something everyone understands 23 requires very little resources.”
14. 15. 16.
17. 18. 19.
20. 21. 22.
23.
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
基础知识自测
维度一
1.didn’t they 2.haven’t they/hasn’t he 3.is it 4.doesn’t it 5.didn’t you 6.does she 7.aren’t they 8.will you
9.shall we 10.didn’t they 11.is there
12.does he； he does； he doesn’t
维度二
1.set an example to； shall we
2.lose heart； will you
3.go to the playground； will you
4.apply for a visa； mustn’t you
5.haven’t you
6.loses heart； does he
7.fell apart； did he
8.isn’t it
9.build up our strength； can’t it
10.Let’s go to the gym； shall we
维度三
1.（1）have you （2）isn’t it （3）Yes； it does
2.（1）won’t there （2）isn’t it （3）shall we （4）can’t we
3.（1）have you （2）don’t you （3）won’t he
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者40多岁时开始喜欢上爱尔兰舞，经过多年的刻苦训练，最终获得了金牌。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者身边的很多朋友不但不看好作者，而且还劝她放弃学爱尔兰舞的梦想。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，这位选手扔鞋是因为没有得金牌而发泄不满和怨气。由此可见，她心胸狭窄。
3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，评委对作者的表演给予了最高评价，她认为别的选手是在表演舞蹈，而作者是在用心跳舞，是舞蹈本身。
4.A 推理判断题。综合全文可知，作者不在乎周围朋友的反对，坚持刻苦训练爱尔兰舞蹈，最终获得了金牌。这充分体现了“天道酬勤”这一真理。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着智能手机照相功能的不断完善，它正在严重威胁照相机的销售。甚至有越来越多的新闻摄影者也开始选择用手机来拍照。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，如今越来越多的人选择用手机来拍照，他们不再需要照相机。这说明照相机的市场需求在不断下降。
6.C 细节理解题。根据最后四段可知，这四个人中Khalil Hamra的讲话体现出他有追求完美主义的倾向。他每次用手机拍完照后，都会后悔——觉得如果用专业相机拍的话效果会更好。
7.B 语篇结构题。综合全文尤其是后半部分可知，作者主要通过举例的方式来揭示文章的主题。
8.C 主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文主要告诉我们，越来越多的人正在用手机代替相机来拍照，甚至连新闻摄影者也不例外。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了球王贝利年轻时的一段经历以及走向成功的过程。
9.B 上句说贝利的对手是体型比他高大的成年人，因此他自然会比较担心，故B项符合语境。
10.E 上句提到了很多像贝利一样的年轻人，E项是对这些年轻人的具体说明，符合语境。
11.D 根据上下文可知，在Big Sabu的劝告下，贝利留了下来。故D项承上启下，符合语境。
12.C 下文说贝利的球技得到快速的提高，最终取得了巨大的成功。这说明他当时的决定是正确的，故C项符合语境。
13.G 最后一段主要说明贝利所取得的巨大成就，G项是他取得的一项成就，符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。《美国医学会神经病学杂志》上最新发表的一项研究发现，每天走大约1万步有助于降低患老年痴呆症的风险。
14.published 考查非谓语动词。这里提到的研究结果是“被发表”，因此用过去分词published来作定语。
15.helps 考查动词的时态。本句在陈述一个现存的客观事实，因此用一般现在时；由于本句主语是动词-ing短语walking about 10，000 steps per day，视为单数，因此填入helps。
16.to decrease 考查非谓语动词。be enough to do sth是一个固定句式，这里用动词不定式作目的状语。
17.at 考查介词。名词pace前通常用介词at，表示“以……的速度”，例如：at a good/fast/slow/walking pace。
18.are 考查主谓一致。本句的主语是people，而非a pace of over 40 steps，因此填入系动词are。
19.who/that 考查定语从句。本空前的people是先行词，在从句中作主语，这里填入关系代词who/that引导一个定语从句。
20.beginners 考查名词的单复数。beginner为可数名词，根据语境可知，应用复数形式。
21.that 考查同位语从句。名词evidence后的physical activity can enhance dementia是在说明其具体内容，因此填入that引导一个同位语从句。
22.prevention 考查词形转换。本空前面有动词enhance，因此这里需要填入一个名词作其宾语。
23.and 考查连词。is something everyone understands与requires very little resources在意义上并列，因此填入并列连词and。
6 / 6Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
附加疑问句
1.Wonderful gym， isn’t it？
2.This isn’t your first time here， is it？
3.You come here often， don’t you？
4.You’ve lost some weight， haven’t you？
5.You won’t let me down again， will you？
6.Oh， I don’t have to come here every day， do I？
7.Of course not.It’s up to you， isn’t it？
【我的发现】
1.附加疑问句又称为反意疑问句。附加疑问部分的句式为： ＋主语，其中主语必须用 。
2.附加疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是 句式，后一部分是 句式，两者用逗号隔开。
3.附加疑问句一般是前肯定后 ，或者前否定后 。
附加疑问句是附加在陈述句后的简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实或观点提出疑问。
一、附加疑问句的组成
1.结构：陈述部分＋附加疑问部分（助动词/be动词/情态动词＋陈述部分主语的相应代词）
2.规律：陈述部分是肯定形式，附加疑问部分用否定形式；陈述部分是否定形式，附加疑问部分用肯定形式。助动词和人称前后一致。
You won a gold medal in a marathon， didn’t you？
你在马拉松比赛中获得了一枚金牌，是不是？
Messi is a famous soccer player， isn’t he？
梅西是一位著名的足球运动员，是不是？
His sister didn’t attend the meeting， did she？
他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？
二、否定附加疑问句的回答
1.当陈述部分为肯定式，附加疑问部分为否定式时，其回答一般不会造成困难，只需照情况回答即可。
—He wants to go， doesn’t he？
—No， he doesn’t.
——他想去，不是吗？
——不，他不想去。
2.当陈述部分为否定式，附加疑问部分为肯定式时，要根据事实来回答，事实是肯定的用Yes；事实是否定的用No；此时的Yes译为“不”，No译为“是的”。
—You aren’t a student， are you？
—Yes， I am./No， I’m not.
——你不是一名学生，是吗？
——不，我是。/是的，我不是。
【即时演练1】 完成下列附加疑问句
①He wasn’t seriously injured in the accident， ？
②He hasn’t given up his goal， ？
③You found the key in the bedroom， ？
④Everything has been ready， ？
三、附加疑问句的几种特殊情况
1.祈使句的附加疑问句用will/won’t you，但以let’s 开头的用shall we。
We will go out for a picnic.Come along with us， will/won’t you？
我们要出去野餐。你和我们一块去，好吗？
Let’s go hiking， shall we？
一起去远足吧，好吗？
2.陈述部分有little、 few、 never、 hardly、 seldom、 no、 nothing、 nobody、 no one、 none、 neither等表示否定意义的词时，附加疑问部分用肯定形式。
He seldom contacts his family， does he？
他很少联系他的家人，是吗？
3.陈述部分含有由un-， im-， in-， dis-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，附加疑问部分用否定形式。
Your son is unhappy， isn’t he？（不能用is he）
你儿子不开心了，是吗？
It is impossible to learn English well in a month， isn’t it？（不能用is it）
在一个月内学好英语是不可能的，对吗？
4.陈述部分主语是this、 that、 these、 those时，附加疑问部分主语用it、 they。
These are credit cards， aren’t they？
这些是信用卡，对吗？
5.陈述部分是there be句型时，附加疑问部分中要用 there。
There was an old stadium in front of our school， wasn’t there？
我们学校前面有一个旧体育场，对吗？
6.陈述部分用“used to＋动词原形”时，附加疑问部分用“didn’t＋主语”或“usedn’t＋主语”形式。
He used to smoke a lot， didn’t/usedn’t he？
他过去抽很多烟，是吗？
7.若陈述部分是一个主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般要与主句一致。
He said the match was a failure， didn’t he？
他说这场比赛失败了，是吗？
名师点津
当陈述部分是“I’m sure， I’m afraid， I think/suppose/expect/imagine/believe等＋宾语从句”结构时，其附加疑问部分以从句为准，而且要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。
8.感叹句的附加疑问部分需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。
What fine weather， isn’t it？
多好的天气啊，是不是？
【即时演练2】 完成下列附加疑问句
①Jack had dinner with his mother at home yesterday， ？
②His parents must have been hard on him when he was young， ？
③Let’s go and have a rest， ？
④Turn off the lights when you leave the classroom， ？
⑤I don’t think it is a good movie， ？
⑥You’d better recite some Tang Poems， ？
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.助动词/be动词/情态动词 代词 2.陈述 疑问
3.否定 肯定
即时演练1
①was he ②has he ③didn’t you ④hasn’t it
即时演练2
①didn’t he ②weren’t they ③shall we
④will/won’t you ⑤is it ⑥hadn’t you
3 / 3(共59张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Discovering Useful Structures
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
附加疑问句
1. Wonderful gym， isn’t it？
2. This isn’t your first time here， is it？
3. You come here often， don’t you？
4. You’ve lost some weight， haven’t you？
5. You won’t let me down again， will you？
6. Oh， I don’t have to come here every day， do I？
7. Of course not.It’s up to you， isn’t it？
【我的发现】
1. 附加疑问句又称为反意疑问句。附加疑问部分的句式为：
＋主语，其中主语必须用 。
2. 附加疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是 句式，后一部分
是 句式，两者用逗号隔开。
3. 附加疑问句一般是前肯定后 ，或者前否定后 。
助动词
/be动词/情态动词
代词
陈述
疑问
否定
肯定
附加疑问句是附加在陈述句后的简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实或
观点提出疑问。
一、附加疑问句的组成
1. 结构：陈述部分＋附加疑问部分（助动词/be动词/情态动词＋陈述
部分主语的相应代词）
2. 规律：陈述部分是肯定形式，附加疑问部分用否定形式；陈述部分
是否定形式，附加疑问部分用肯定形式。助动词和人称前后一致。
You won a gold medal in a marathon， didn’t you？
你在马拉松比赛中获得了一枚金牌，是不是？
Messi is a famous soccer player， isn’t he？
梅西是一位著名的足球运动员，是不是？
His sister didn’t attend the meeting， did she？
他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？
二、否定附加疑问句的回答
1. 当陈述部分为肯定式，附加疑问部分为否定式时，其回答一般不会
造成困难，只需照情况回答即可。
—He wants to go， doesn’t he？
—No， he doesn’t.
——他想去，不是吗？
——不，他不想去。
2. 当陈述部分为否定式，附加疑问部分为肯定式时，要根据事实来回
答，事实是肯定的用Yes；事实是否定的用No；此时的Yes译为
“不”，No译为“是的”。
—You aren’t a student， are you？
—Yes， I am./No， I’m not.
——你不是一名学生，是吗？
——不，我是。/是的，我不是。
【即时演练1】 完成下列附加疑问句
①He wasn’t seriously injured in the accident， ？
②He hasn’t given up his goal， ？
③You found the key in the bedroom， ？
④Everything has been ready， ？
was he
has he
didn’t you
hasn’t it
三、附加疑问句的几种特殊情况
1. 祈使句的附加疑问句用will/won’t you，但以let’s 开头的用shall we。
We will go out for a picnic.Come along with us， will/won’t you？
我们要出去野餐。你和我们一块去，好吗？
Let’s go hiking， shall we？
一起去远足吧，好吗？
2. 陈述部分有little、 few、 never、 hardly、 seldom、 no、 nothing、
nobody、 no one、 none、 neither等表示否定意义的词时，附加疑问
部分用肯定形式。
He seldom contacts his family， does he？
他很少联系他的家人，是吗？
3. 陈述部分含有由un-， im-， in-， dis-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语
时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，附加疑问部分用否定形式。
Your son is unhappy， isn’t he？（不能用is he）
你儿子不开心了，是吗？
It is impossible to learn English well in a month， isn’t it？（不能用is
it）
在一个月内学好英语是不可能的，对吗？
4. 陈述部分主语是this、 that、 these、 those时，附加疑问部分主语用
it、 they。
These are credit cards， aren’t they？
这些是信用卡，对吗？
5. 陈述部分是there be句型时，附加疑问部分中要用 there。
There was an old stadium in front of our school， wasn’t there？
我们学校前面有一个旧体育场，对吗？
6. 陈述部分用“used to＋动词原形”时，附加疑问部分用“didn’t＋主语”
或“usedn’t＋主语”形式。
He used to smoke a lot， didn’t/usedn’t he？
他过去抽很多烟，是吗？
7. 若陈述部分是一个主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般要与主句
一致。
He said the match was a failure， didn’t he？
他说这场比赛失败了，是吗？
名师点津
当陈述部分是“I’m sure， I’m afraid， I
think/suppose/expect/imagine/believe等＋宾语从句”结构时，其附加疑
问部分以从句为准，而且要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。
I don’t think he cheated in the match， did he？
我认为他在比赛中没有作弊，对吗？
8. 感叹句的附加疑问部分需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。
What fine weather， isn’t it？
多好的天气啊，是不是？
【即时演练2】 完成下列附加疑问句
①Jack had dinner with his mother at home yesterday， ？
②His parents must have been hard on him when he was
young， ？
③Let’s go and have a rest， ？
④Turn off the lights when you leave the classroom，
？
⑤I don’t think it is a good movie， ？
⑥You’d better recite some Tang Poems， ？
didn’t he
weren’t they
shall we
will/won’t
you
is it
hadn’t you
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
2
维度一：基础题型练
完成下列附加疑问句。
1. Your parents had a long talk with you last night， ？
2. Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet，
？
3. Shopping isn’t what you want to do， ？
4. Everything seems all right， ？
didn’t they
haven’t they/hasn’t
he
is it
doesn’t it
5. You must have got the letter yesterday， ？
6. She seldom argues with others， ？
7. They are hopeless， ？
8. Don’t play with fire， ？
9. Let’s go home， ？
10. They told me it was not true， ？
11. There is nobody outside， ？
12. —He knows little about it， ？
—Yes， ./No， .
didn’t you
does she
aren’t they
will you
shall we
didn’t they
is there
does he
he does
he doesn’t
维度二：语法与写作
1. Let’s the junior students， ？
让我们给低年级的学生树立一个榜样，好吗？
2. Don’t even when in trouble， ？
即使处在困境中也不要丧失信心，好吗？
3. Let us together to play football，
？
让我们一起去操场踢足球，好吗？
set an example to
shall we
lose heart
will you
go to the playground
will
you
4. You must before going abroad，
？
在出国之前你必须申请签证，是不是？
5. You must have left your bag in the theatre， ？
你一定是把包落在剧场了，是不是？
6. With great determination， he never ， ？
有了巨大的决心，他从不灰心，是不是？
7. He never told his parents that their friendship ，
？
他从不告诉他的父母他们的友谊破裂了，对吗？
apply for a visa
mustn’t
you
haven’t you
loses heart
does he
fell apart
did
he
8. Health is more important than wealth， ？
健康比财富重要，是不是？
9. Gymnastics can and make us have a graceful
figure， ？
体操训练能增强我们的力气，塑造我们优美的体形，是吗？
10. to do gymnastics， ？
让我们去体育馆做体操训练，好吗？
isn’t it
build up our strength
can’t it
Let’s go to the gym
shall we
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面对话，补全对话中的附加疑问部分或答语。
1. Lily：I haven’t seen you recently.What are you doing these days？
Bob：I am doing research on how to protect wildlife.
Lily：You have never done such research before， （1）
？
Bob：Yes， this is the first time that I have done this.I have read some
papers on this topic and also attended a lecture.
Lily：The lecture is very useful to your research， （2） ？
have
you
isn’t it
Bob：Yes， it is.It is also inspiring.
Lily：It inspires you to find more information about the topic， doesn’t
it？
Bob：（3） ， .It has provided inspiration for me to
explore in depth about the topic.
Yes
it does
2. Sam：Amy， there will be a film in the school hall tonight，
（1） ？
Amy：I’ve just heard about it.It is called A Brief History of Time， a
film about Stephen Hawking.
Sam：It must be a great movie， （2） ？
Amy：I think so.Let’s watch it together， （3） ？
Sam：OK， we can meet in front of the school hall at about six，
（4） ？
Amy：OK， see you then！
Sam：See you！
won’t there
isn’t it
shall we
can’t we
3. Mother：Mary， you haven’t finished your homework， （1）
？
Mary：Yes， I have.I’m reading a book now.You need help，
（2） ？
Mother：There are no tomatoes at home.I’m busy now.Can you help me
buy some？
Mary：No problem.My father will come back for lunch，
（3） ？
Mother：Yes， he will.We will have a big lunch today.
have
you
don’t you
won’t he
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When I discovered my passion for Irish Dance in my mid-forties， I
learned everything I could about it.This was despite the negative comments
of many of my friends.They tried to talk me out of my dream， saying I
was too old to master this art form.
I didn’t listen to them.I took classes， practiced every day， and paid
for private lessons.Frankly， I never liked being in the competitions.But，
they forced me to practice and improve my skill.Over the years， I
accumulated a few silver and bronze medals.
And then， at age fifty， I won a gold medal at an Irish Dance
competition in Colorado.
At the end of the competition， while I stood in the dancer tent
admiring my medal， a pair of Irish Dance shoes went flying past my
head.The shoes were not intentionally aimed in my direction.But the words
of an angry fellow competitor were： “You have no right to that medal，
Padgett.I should have won.I am so much better than you.”
I didn’t know what to say.I stood there， hurt， trying to regain my
emotional balance.Then I felt a hand rest gently on my shoulder.An
unfamiliar voice asked， “Do you believe her？”
“Yes， ma’am.She is just all around better than me，” I admitted.
“No， she isn’t，” the adjudicator told me.“Do you know why you
were awarded this gold medal today？” she asked.
I shook my head.She looked into my teary eyes and said， “You
reflected hours of practice and wonderful skill， just like many
others.From a judge’s point of view， it can be difficult to select one
dancer over another when awarding medals.But， if mechanics and
technical merit are equal， the decision will fall to the one who dances
with her heart.Some do the dance； others are the dance.Today， you were
the dance.And that， my friend， is gold.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者40多岁时开始喜欢上爱尔兰
舞，经过多年的刻苦训练，最终获得了金牌。
本文是一篇记叙文。作者40多岁时开始喜欢上爱尔兰
舞，经过多年的刻苦训练，最终获得了金牌。
1. What do we learn about the author’s friends？
A. They were optimistic.
B. They were generous.
C. They showed their support.
D. They expressed their doubt.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者身边的很多朋友不
但不看好作者，而且还劝她放弃学爱尔兰舞的梦想。
2. What can we infer about the competitor who threw a pair of shoes？
A. She won a bronze medal.
B. She was narrow-minded.
C. She was treated unfairly by the judge.
D. She performed better than the author.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，这位选手扔鞋是因为没
有得金牌而发泄不满和怨气。由此可见，她心胸狭窄。
3. What did the judge think of the author’s performance？
A. It was perfect.
B. It was unusual.
C. It lacked concentration.
D. It needed improvement.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，评委对作者的表演给
予了最高评价，她认为别的选手是在表演舞蹈，而作者是在用心跳
舞，是舞蹈本身。
4. What can we learn from the author’s story？
A. Hard work pays off.
B. Still waters run deep.
C. All roads lead to Rome.
D. Great hopes make great men.
解析： 推理判断题。综合全文可知，作者不在乎周围朋友的反
对，坚持刻苦训练爱尔兰舞蹈，最终获得了金牌。这充分体现了
“天道酬勤”这一真理。
B
The first model of Apple’s iPhone was launched 17 years ago.Since
then， many different smartphones have been introduced.The devices now
influence our daily lives in many ways.
One thing that has changed is that many people now use their phones
to easily take pictures anywhere， anytime， without the need for a
camera.Not surprisingly， this change has caused major business problems
for camera manufacturers.
Today， many smartphones have high-quality cameras designed to
produce better pictures than the ones most people used in the past for
personal photographs.And some news photographers， for example，
have found advantages in using them in their work.The Associated Press
recently asked some of its photographers who use iPhones to describe how
they use the devices.
Brynn Anderson is based with the AP in Atlanta， Georgia.She said：
“Sometimes being a photographer with a larger camera can be intimidating
to the person being photographed.Using a phone makes it easier for me to
get intimate （亲密的） moments that might not happen.”
Dita Alangkara covers Jakarta， Indonesia for the AP. He said
shooting with a smartphone opens up more possibilities on the streets of
Jakarta.“People are so used to seeing others taking photos with their
gadgets that they just ignore me.This gives me a whole new perspective to
explore ...”
Khalil Hamra is an AP photographer in Istanbul， Turkey.He said，
“Truth be told， every time I take a nice picture with my phone， I feel
that something is missing and could have been better if I took it with my
professional camera.”
Oded Balilty is based in Tel Aviv， Israel.“It is a different tool that
definitely has changed what we do，” he said of the iPhone.But， he
added： “It’s the photographer， not the device， that determines the
quality of a photo.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着智能手机照相功能的不断完
善，它正在严重威胁照相机的销售。甚至有越来越多的新闻摄影者
也开始选择用手机来拍照。
本文是一篇说明文。随着智能手机照相功能的不断完
善，它正在严重威胁照相机的销售。甚至有越来越多的新闻摄影者
也开始选择用手机来拍照。
5. What has caused major business problems for camera industry？
A. Higher production cost.
B. Lack of technical progress.
C. Fewer news photographers.
D. Decrease in market demand.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，如今越来越多的人选择
用手机来拍照，他们不再需要照相机。这说明照相机的市场需求在
不断下降。
6. Which of the following most probably likes seeking perfection？
A. Brynn Anderson. B. Dita Alangkara.
C. Khalil Hamra. D. Oded Balilty.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后四段可知，这四个人中Khalil
Hamra的讲话体现出他有追求完美主义的倾向。他每次用手机拍完
照后，都会后悔——觉得如果用专业相机拍的话效果会更好。
7. How does the author develop the passage？
A. By analyzing some facts.
B. By giving some examples.
C. By providing some reasons.
D. By making some comparisons.
解析： 语篇结构题。综合全文尤其是后半部分可知，作者主要
通过举例的方式来揭示文章的主题。
8. What’s the main idea of the passage？
A. The sales of cameras are dropping.
B. Smartphones can take better photos.
C. Smartphones are replacing cameras.
D. Cameras are needed by photographers.
解析： 主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文主要告诉我们，越
来越多的人正在用手机代替相机来拍照，甚至连新闻摄影者也不
例外。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
In 1956， Pelé was only fifteen and arrived in the city of Santos，
Brazil.He had grown up in Bauru， but his incredible skills on the soccer
field got him noticed by a team called Santos.
At just over five feet tall， Pelé was small for his age.On his new
team， though， he was playing against older， larger adults. 9 After
he missed an easy penalty （罚球） shot during a game that cost his team
a victory， he was embarrassed and sad， thinking of quitting.
Early in the morning， he packed his bag and tiptoed out of his
room.But as he walked quietly through the players’ dormitory， he was
stopped by a man who worked for the team.Big Sabu helped the players
with their clothes and watched over the young players.In his many years
with Santos， he had seen other teens like Pelé. 10
So Big Sabu stopped Pelé and told him he could not leave without
permission.He wanted to keep Pelé on team Santos. 11 He headed back
to his room and he would keep aiming for his dream.
12 Pelé worked hard and improved his skills quickly.He worked
on shooting and passing and being in the right position to help his
teammates.He ate more， exercised， and grew stronger and more
confident.
In a few months， he was one of the team’s stars， scoring goal after
goal. 13 When Pelé was only seventeen， he was named to the
national team for Brazil and helped his country win its first World Cup
championship！
A. He was an amazing player.
B. He was worried he would not succeed.
C. And it turned out to be the right decision.
D. Pelé listened and made an important decision.
E. They were young， scared， and often thought of quitting.
F. And he could make his dream of becoming a soccer star come true.
G. With Pelé’s help， Santos became one of the top teams in the country.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了球王贝利年轻时的
一段经历以及走向成功的过程。
本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了球王贝利年轻时的
一段经历以及走向成功的过程。
9. B 上句说贝利的对手是体型比他高大的成年人，因此他自然会比
较担心，故B项符合语境。
10. E 上句提到了很多像贝利一样的年轻人，E项是对这些年轻人的
具体说明，符合语境。
11. D 根据上下文可知，在Big Sabu的劝告下，贝利留了下来。故D
项承上启下，符合语境。
12. C 下文说贝利的球技得到快速的提高，最终取得了巨大的成功。
这说明他当时的决定是正确的，故C项符合语境。
13. G 最后一段主要说明贝利所取得的巨大成就，G项是他取得的一
项成就，符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Here’s one more reason to get up and exercise！ A newly 14
（publish） study in JAMA Neurology has found that walking about 10，
000 steps per day 15 （help） lower the risk of developing dementia
（痴呆症）.In fact， 4，000 steps a day is enough 16 （decrease）
dementia risk by one-quarter， according to the study.
Furthermore， people who walk with “purpose” — 17 a pace of
over 40 steps a minute — 18 （be） able to cut their risk of dementia
by 57 percent with just about 6，000 steps a day.“It is a brisk （轻快的）
walking activity， like a power walk，” study co-author Borja del Pozo
Cruz told CNN.
Even people 19 walk about 3，800 steps a day at any speed can
cut their risk of dementia by 25 percent， the study found.Such a number
of steps would be enough for 20 （beginner）， especially those who
usually sit for a long time each day.
“There is evidence 21 physical activity can enhance
dementia 22 （prevent） among the general population，” Del Pozo
Cruz said.“We thought that by providing specific stepping
recommendations， people would pay more attention to physical
activity， as walking is something everyone understands 23 requires
very little resources.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。《美国医学会神经病学杂志》上最
新发表的一项研究发现，每天走大约1万步有助于降低患老年痴呆症
的风险。
本文是一篇说明文。《美国医学会神经病学杂志》上最
新发表的一项研究发现，每天走大约1万步有助于降低患老年痴呆症
的风险。
14. published 考查非谓语动词。这里提到的研究结果是“被发表”，因
此用过去分词published来作定语。
15. helps 考查动词的时态。本句在陈述一个现存的客观事实，因此
用一般现在时；由于本句主语是动词-ing短语walking about 10，000
steps per day，视为单数，因此填入helps。
16. to decrease 考查非谓语动词。be enough to do sth是一个固定句
式，这里用动词不定式作目的状语。
17. at 考查介词。名词pace前通常用介词at，表示“以……的速度”，
例如：at a good/fast/slow/walking pace。
18. are 考查主谓一致。本句的主语是people，而非a pace of over 40
steps，因此填入系动词are。
19. who/that 考查定语从句。本空前的people是先行词，在从句中作
主语，这里填入关系代词who/that引导一个定语从句。
20. beginners 考查名词的单复数。beginner为可数名词，根据语境可
知，应用复数形式。
21. that 考查同位语从句。名词evidence后的physical activity can
enhance dementia是在说明其具体内容，因此填入that引导一个同位语
从句。
22. prevention 考查词形转换。本空前面有动词enhance，因此这里需
要填入一个名词作其宾语。
23. and 考查连词。is something everyone understands与requires very
little resources在意义上并列，因此填入并列连词and。
谢谢观看！
