单元质量检测（四） HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.When does the film begin？（ ）
A.At 5：50. B.At 5：40. C.At 6：00.
2.Where does the conversation probably take place？（ ）
A.At home. B.In a shop. C.In a garden.
3.What do we know about Bill’s house？（ ）
A.It is too old to live in. B.It is near an airport. C.It is far from where Bill works.
4.Which sport does the man like most？（ ）
A.Golf. B.Tennis. C.Swimming.
5.What does the woman mean？（ ）
A.The paper is good， especially the last two paragraphs.
B.The man should rewrite the last two paragraphs.
C.The ideas in the last two paragraphs are not good.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Why is the man going to the TV station？（ ）
A.To meet his friend. B.To have an interview. C.To host a talk show.
7.How will the man probably get to the TV station？（ ）
A.By bus. B.On foot. C.By subway.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What do we know about Mr Smith？（ ）
A.He likes football matches. B.He won’t forgive the woman. C.He lives alone.
9.Why did the woman make a lot of noise last night？（ ）
A.There was a great football match.
B.She was holding a party.
C.She was quarreling with her father.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What kind of room does the man want？（ ）
A.A single room with a shower.
B.A single room with a window.
C.A double room with a shower.
11.In which way will the man pay for the room？（ ）
A.In US dollars. B.In RMB. C.By credit card.
12.How long will the man stay in the hotel？（ ）
A.From 20 May to 2 June. B.From 20 May to 31 May. C.From 31 May to 2 June.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What is the conversation mainly about？（ ）
A.Seven wonders. B.A sightseeing tour. C.Ways to get information.
14.Which place does the man want to visit most？（ ）
A.The Summer Palace. B.The Great Wall. C.The Ming Tombs.
15.What will the man do next？（ ）
A.Read a newspaper. B.Prepare some food. C.Surf the Internet.
16.Who are the speakers？（ ）
A.Foreign tourists in China. B.Tourist guides in Beijing. C.Geographers from America.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What did some people think Chinese dragons ruled over？（ ）
A.Rivers. B.Animals. C.Money.
18.What do Europeans think of dragons？（ ）
A.Power. B.Evil creatures. C.Insects.
19.What are dragons in China related to？（ ）
A.Number ten. B.Number nine. C.Number seven.
20.What does the dragon stand for in Hong Kong？（ ）
A.China. B.Culture. C.Its brand name.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·赣州高一上期末）
Top Wonders of the World
From India to Rome， these sights will inspire your next historical vacation.
Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.Constructed from 1632 to 1648， the property covers 42 acres， including its beautiful gardens.
Best time to go： Late spring and early summer in this part of India has often severe heat.Then come monsoons.November to February is your best chance for pleasant weather.The sunrises here are highly admired.
The Great Wall
The Great Wall of China is the world’s longest wall and one of the most famous landmarks in China.Dating back to about 700 BCE， it stretches over 13，000 miles and was designed to protect the country from invaders.
Best time to go： Plan for a spring or fall trip when the weather is nicer and fewer people visit.Summertime is often hot and crowded， and winter can be extremely cold in northern China.
Petra
Located in the Kingdom of Jordan， Petra was built directly into the cliffside around 312 BCE by the Nabataeans.The city includes temples， tombs， and its most well-known building — the Treasury.
Best time to go： Summer can get very hot in Jordan， and winter is much colder than you may realise.Weatherwise， aim for spring or fall.
The Colosseum
The Colosseum remains Rome’s top attraction.Built in the first century by Emperor Vespasian， the massive theater spans 620 by 513 feet， which would hold 80，000 people.
Best time to go： You’ll find fewer tourists there during Rome’s low season （winter）， weekdays and during the opening hour or near closing time.If you show up in summer at midday， it’s going to be hot！
21.What’s the best time to travel to Taj Mahal？（ ）
A.March. B.July.
C.October. D.December.
22.Which of the following has the longest history？（ ）
A.Taj Mahal. B.The Great Wall.
C.Petra. D.The Colosseum.
23.Where can we most probably read the passage？（ ）
A.In a research paper. B.In a travel brochure.
C.In a science magazine. D.In a geography textbook.
B
You’re never too young to start being charitable.It doesn’t have to be a grand gesture， just something as simple as a lemonade stand.
But sometimes even the smallest gestures can end up becoming a rather big deal.And one perfect example of this， is a neighbourhood lemonade stand in Peoria， Illinois， which really took off.
It started out when a group of neighbourhood kids in the Knolls neighbourhood got together in order to participate in a fundraiser to help raise money for the St.Jude Children’s Research Hospital.The children got busy selling lemonade and other treats all throughout the weekend， and their hard work paid off.In total， they were able to make more than $3，500 for the good cause.
But this charitable lemonade stand isn’t in its first year.In fact， it has been several years in the making， all because of one mom’s actions.Suzanne Miller has been participating in charity races for the hospital for years， and because of her actions， her kids wanted to join in her fundraising.Hence the lemonade stand was started.
As Miller shared with WMBD，“The first year we did it we raised $220， and we thought that was amazing.Each year， it got bigger and bigger.”
But it’s not just the profits that have increased over the years， so have the volunteers.This year， Miller’s kids were joined by her neighbour Leslie Rothan’s three kids in running the lemonade stand.
Miller posted to Facebook，“The Lemonade Stand for St.Jude that our neighbours hosted this weekend raised $3，515 and donated it to my run goal.I CANNOT find the words to tell you how I feel.It’s absolutely incredible to celebrate this way.”
According to WMBD， Leslie Rothan added， “As a parent， it really makes you filled with joy.It was their idea， obviously we wanted to support and encourage them to be as successful as possible， but it really helped them to realise what they were doing and how that money could really help save children.”
24.What does the author intend to show by giving the example of the kids？（ ）
A.Young kids can be better volunteers.
B.Charity should begin at a young age.
C.Small acts of kindness make a big difference.
D.A lemonade stand is a new choice for charity.
25.What led to the kids’ participating in fundraising？（ ）
A.Their friends’ proposal. B.Their teachers’ encouragement.
C.The influence from Suzanne Miller. D.The demand from the local hospital.
26.How did Suzanne Miller feel according to his Facebook post？（ ）
A.Moved and excited. B.Proud and satisfied.
C.Grateful and delighted. D.Surprised and confused.
27.Which is the most suitable title for the text？（ ）
A.Kids Start a Lemonade Stand to Raise for Charity
B.Mother Sells Lemonade Together with Her Kids
C.A Lemonade Stand Was Started by Some Kids
D.Selling Lemonade Is a New Way to Support Charity
C
The Laba Festival， also simply called “Laba”， comes on the eighth day of the twelfth month of the Chinese lunar year.It falls on 7 January this year.The festival has this name because the twelfth month is also called “la” month in Chinese while the number eight is pronounced “ba”.
Since it’s in the last month of the lunar year， the festival implies saying goodbye to the old and embracing the new， and is often regarded as a warm-up celebration for the upcoming Spring Festival.As an old saying goes， “After Laba， it’s the （Chinese） New Year.”
Laba Day is also Bodhi Day in the Buddhist tradition.It’s said that Shakyamuni Buddha， the founder of Buddhism， attained enlightenment （觉悟） on this day.Thus， the day is one of the grandest festivals for Buddhists.
One of the festival’s traditions is to offer sacrifices （贡品） to the ancestors and gods.In the agrarian societies of ancient times， this worship was a prayer for good luck and a bountiful harvest.
The most important custom during the Laba Festival is eating Laba congee.This dish is cooked with a mix of eight ingredients， as eight is a lucky number in Chinese culture.The tradition to have Laba congee on this day dates back more than a thousand years and is still a major part of Laba day in many places.The selection of ingredients for the congee may vary geographically.
Legend has it that， before being enlightened， the Buddha worked hard for many years and was very feeble.Thanks to the milk porridge offered by some shepherdesses， he recovered physical strength and later achieved enlightenment.
Therefore， nowadays， temples adhere to the tradition of offering congee to the public on this day to show appreciation for the kindhearted and to help the poor.Temples as well as restaurants cook and hand out Laba congee on the day of the festival to sanitation workers and senior people who live alone.Every year， people line up in temples since the early morning for the bowl of goodness.
28.What happened to Shakyamuni Buddha on Laba Day？（ ）
A.He was born. B.He passed away.
C.He created Buddhism. D.He reached a higher spiritual level.
29.What can we learn about the Laba Festival？（ ）
A.It falls on 18 January every year.
B.It was created by Shakyamuni Buddha.
C.The most important custom is offering sacrifices.
D.People make Laba congee differently from place to place.
30.What does the underlined word “feeble” in Paragraph 6 mean？（ ）
A.Weak. B.Upset.
C.Anxious. D.Delighted.
31.What is behind Laba congee according to the last paragraph？（ ）
A.The spirit of giving. B.The spirit of receiving.
C.The spirit of having fun. D.The spirit of working hard.
D
With the development of science and technology， we settled into a new routine of opening up laptops and tablets to see classmates’ faces and hear teachers’ lessons.I transitioned quickly to seeing my clinic patients via telehealth and managing my research lab over Zoom.Humans have never been so dependent on technology as we have been this past year.
“Screen time” was not a helpful concept this year.I heard parents reflecting on the media use： Did my kids feel more connected to someone else’s experience， or did they feel more divided from others？ Did I put down my device feeling more anxious and angry or feeling like life made more sense？ Did I feel like my family’s behaviour was being secretly tracked， or did I feel aware and in control？
When life is stressful， screens can be soothing （抚慰的）.When life is busy， screens can help us feel more in control and keep kids quiet.These are not new insights， but we’ve all experienced more of it this year as parents struggle with impossible role overload during a hard time.
Allowing technology to soothe us can distract from the family interactions that actually help build good relationships and make meaning out of stressful times.Now is our opportunity to figure out a balance between soothing away boredom and learning strategies to manage it in other ways.
As the pandemic wears on， this might be deciding where technology “lives” in your house， and where it “sleeps” overnight， so it doesn’t invade all of your downtime.It might mean seeing a doctor to work on strategies for you and your child to handle negative emotions and conflict.
With evidence that technology platforms are trying to identify our emotions for marketing purposes， it’s more important than ever to understand our emotional relationships with our devices.
As parents， it can be difficult to build these insights into technology when it is intentionally designed to not make us think and reflect.But as we emerge from this pandemic， I would love for parents to demand more helpful， honest design in the tech products we use.
32.Why does the author list some questions in Paragraph 2？（ ）
A.To doubt the effects of media use.
B.To show the benefits of screen time.
C.To question the value of technology.
D.To know the function of tech products.
33.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to？（ ）
A.Our opportunity. B.Technology.
C.A balance. D.Boredom.
34.What should we do according to the author？（ ）
A.Achieve a balance. B.Turn off our screens.
C.Design better products. D.Keep away from media.
35.Which of the following words best describes the author’s attitude towards technology？（ ）
A.Pessimistic. B.Favourable.
C.Unsatisfied. D.Ambiguous.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rats.They are not among nature’s most loved animals.36.（ ） They have been tested and retested for so many diseases and other issues — all for the purpose of human health and happiness.
Rats have other uses， as well.For example， they can be trained to find explosives buried underground.37.（ ） So， some people like rats.Some don’t.However， when talking about English expressions， “rat” phrases almost all have a negative meaning.
Calling someone a “rat” is a big insult （侮辱）.When we “rat on” someone， we tell others something they did in order to get them in trouble.If an object is “ratty”， it is in poor condition.And we can simply say “Rats！” if something bad happens.
Today， we will talk about another bad rat expression： rat race.38.（ ） It is not.A rat race is a purely human situation.
If you are in a rat race， you are in a daily work routine that is extremely competitive， tiring and never-ending.Day after day， you compete for more power and more wealth against others wanting the same thing.We can also use the term “rat race” to describe a person’s struggle to gain the basics of life.39.（ ） They are seemingly helpless against a way of life that is slowly killing them and their souls.
Some word historians say this expression comes from real rat races.These were sporting events held in the 1800s.People would bet money on the rats.40.（ ） Scientists often study rats to see how they will react in different conditions.
A.It’s a commonly used word.
B.This struggle is also out of their control.
C.However， rats help humans in many ways.
D.This may sound like a running contest between rats.
E.Despite all this， lots of people fear or even hate rats.
F.Some people think leaving or quitting a rat race is an easy choice.
G.Others say it comes from the custom of testing rats in laboratory experiments.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·福州高一上学期期末）I am often asked how I learned to speak Chinese fluently. 41 ， as a native English speaker， learning to speak in tones was the 42 part about learning Chinese for me.To 43 the tones， I lived in Shanghai for 6 months.Once I wanted to buy a 44 for my mother.Unluckily， the words for “horse” and “mother” are only differentiated by a 45 tone.When I told the store clerk I wanted to buy a gift for my “horse”， she looked at me like I had lost my 46 .In the end， she 47 what I was trying to say， but it was a bit of a struggle.After that， I learned the 48 between the two tones.
After returning to England， I bought a web camera and found myself a language 49 by going to ， where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese.Together， we 50 speaking Chinese for a few hours per week. 51 ， I not only mastered my tones but learned to speak more 52 ， just like a native speaker.
In my 53 ， when studying Chinese in an English-speaking environment， my classmates and I often made a 54 of the tones when speaking to one another.In fact， in a Chinese-speaking environment， the 55 interaction is of great importance for fluency， and it separates the amateurs （业余爱好者） from the experts.
41. A.Hopefully B.Actually C.Surprisingly D.Similarly
42. A.main B.best C.basic D.hardest
43. A.learn B.match C.lower D.record
44. A.horse B.camera C.gift D.dictionary
45. A.soft B.formal C.single D.pleasant
46. A.mind B.balance C.interest D.confidence
47. A.agreed with B.worked out C.focused on D.made up
48. A.clue B.difference C.issue D.importance
49. A.test B.learner C.magazine D.partner
50. A.suggested B.considered C.practiced D.avoided
51.A.As a rule B.At times C.As a result D.At first
52. A.fluently B.openly C.meaningfully D.slowly
53. A.heart B.dream C.power D.experience
54. A.list B.mess C.habit D.collection
55. A.back-to-back B.eye-to-eye C.knee-to-knee D.face-to-face
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Laozi， also known as Classic of the Way and Virtue （Daodejing）， consists of just over 5，000 Chinese characters.Its 81 chapters 56. （divide） into two parts， Dao （the Way） and De（Virtue）.Short 57. it is， the book has played an essential role in the development of Chinese culture.
“Naturalness” is 58. important concept of Laozi’s philosophy.It refers to a natural state of being， an attitude of following the way of nature.Laozi 59. （emphasize） that everything in the world has its own way of being and development： birds fly in the sky， fish swim in the water， clouds float in the sky.All these 60. （phenomenon） occur independently and naturally without 61. （follow） any human will， and humans should not try to change anything natural.Laozi advised people to give up on any desire 62. （control） the world.
“Non-action” is another important concept of Laozi’s philosophy.Laozi said，“Dao or the Way acts through non-action，” by 63. he did not mean that one should do nothing and 64. （passive） wait for something to be achieved.Neither did he deny human creativity.What he meant is that human enterprises should be built 65. the basis of naturalness， not on any attempts to interrupt the rhythm of nature.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，学校安排你下周末作为导游带领外籍教师Mr Smith去西安游玩。请你给Mr Smith写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.西安的地理位置；2.西安的文化意义；3.西安的旅游景点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Smith，
I am only too glad to take you to visit Xi’an.Please allow me to give you a brief introduction to it.
I guarantee you will have a wonderful time in Xi’an.
Best regards，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
（2024·武汉部分重点中学高一上学期期末）
Sports Bring Us Together
Sports are more than competitions.
I used to be very shy and often felt lonely.Although I did well in all the academic subjects， I was afraid of physical education.Even kids in the neighbourhood would laugh at me.“Look at that girl，” they said.“Her feet don’t leave the ground when she runs！” Their words embarrassed me.At school， whenever the teacher organised some competitive games， no one in the class would choose me as their partner or team member.As a result， I often ended up looking at others enjoy their games.
Things would go on like that if not for a sports meet in my high school.By mistake， my name was put on the list of those who would compete in the women’s 1，500 meters race.By the time people found the mistake， it was too late to change.
My deskmate， Mary， was a natural athlete.She said to me， “I couldn’t run that race in your place， because I have signed up for three items already.” I nearly broke down.1，500 meters！ Running against the best runners in front of the whole school！ It would be the worst nightmare I’d ever have！
“You still have time to catch up because there is still one month before the sports meet，” Mary patted me on the shoulder，“That is cool！ You will run for our class！ And we will do training together.” Yes， this is not just for myself， but for my class.But still， 1，500 meters to me was like Mount Everest （珠穆朗玛峰） to a beginning climber.I had no idea even how to start my preparation.
Mary invited me to join in their training.Every afternoon after class， several of us ran together.When the fear of being laughed at flooded over me， I saw others running right beside or stand by the tracks cheering for us.They gave me strengths.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Before I could realise how fast one month went by， I was standing behind the starting line of the sports meet.
As expected， I was almost the last to cross the finish line.
单元质量检测（四） HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
第一部分
1－5 CBBCB 6－10 BCAAA
11－15 CBBBB 16－20 AABBC
听力原文：
（Text 1）
W：What time is it？ I wonder if the film has begun.
M：It’s five fifty. Let’s hurry. There’s ten minutes left.
（Text 2）
M：Excuse me， Madam. I’d like to choose some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
W：Let me see. These fresh roses are very nice.
（Text 3）
M：What is Bill’s new house like？
W：It’s really nice， and not very far from his workplace， but he is tired of hearing the planes flying overhead all day long.
（Text 4）
W：Say， what’s your favourite sport？
M：Hmm ... It’s hard to say. I like golf and basketball a lot， and tennis better， but I guess swimming is my favourite.
（Text 5）
M：What do you think of my paper？
W：The ideas are good. If I were you， though， I’d write the last two paragraphs again to make it a little clearer.
（Text 6）
M：Can you tell me how to get to the TV station by bus？
W：Take bus No.22. Don’t get off until the fifth stop， which is Silver Road.
M：Silver Road？ Aren’t there many bars？
W：Yes. Many foreigners like to go there. It will take you an hour to get there if the traffic lights are working properly.
M：I have an interview at 2：30 p.m. I don’t think I should go there by bus.
W：Why not take the subway？ Go down this road until you reach the first set of traffic lights. Turn right and you’ll see the station.
M：You are right. Thank you very much.
W：My pleasure.
（Text 7）
W：Good morning， Mr Smith. I must apologise to you for making so much noise last night.
M：I think so. My wife and I couldn’t sleep for the whole night.
W：I’m extremely sorry， Mr Smith. There was a great football match between China and Japan on TV.
M：Really？ I thought you were having a party.
W：And Anna Wilkinson who lives upstairs thought I was quarreling with my father again.
M：Anyway， it’s a pity that I missed the game. What was the result？
W：The Chinese football team won in the end. I was so excited that I forgot the time.
M：That’s good news. Please call me so that we can watch some games together next time.
（Text 8）
W：Good morning. This is the Dongfeng Hotel. Can I help you？
M：Yes， I’m John Smith. I’d like to book a single room with a shower from 20 May to 2 June.
W：Please give me a minute to check. I am sorry. We don’t have any rooms available in June.
M：Hmm ... Until 31 May would be OK.
W：Alright. Mr John Smith， a single room with a shower from 20 May to 31 May.
M：That’s right. By the way， I only have US dollars on me. Shall I change them into renminbi to pay？
W：No， that’s not necessary. We can accept US dollars.
M：Can I use a credit card to pay？ It won’t be very convenient for me to take so much money with me.
W：Of course， you can.
M：Thank you. Goodbye！
（Text 9）
W：Before beginning our sightseeing tour in China， I’d be glad to know if you have anything special in mind that you’d like to see.
M：It doesn’t matter to me， wherever we go. You can choose some scenic spots that you like， honey. I’d like to read the newspaper now.
W：You can make some suggestions， too. I don’t have anything in mind at present.
M：OK， then. What about the Great Wall — one of the seven wonders of the world？ We wouldn’t want to leave China without seeing it.
W：Is it far from here？
M：No， I’ve checked that on the Internet. It’s only about 50 kilometers. Just an hour and a half’s trip by car.
W：Good！ And we’ve heard quite a lot about the Summer Palace. I’d like to see that， too.
M：All right. The Summer Palace. And there are a number of other interesting places， such as the Temple of Heaven， the Ming Tombs and so on. Let’s watch some TV now.
W：No， you should start to prepare some food now.
（Text 10）
W：Good morning， Mr Black. You said you would give us an introduction to Chinese dragons this time. Shall we begin now？
M：OK. We are not quite certain how Chinese dragons first came about. Some people believed that they ruled over water， such as waterfalls， rivers and the ocean. In the eyes of Europeans， dragons are considered to be evil creatures， but in China， Chinese dragons mean power， strength and good luck. The Chinese dragon is present in many aspects of Chinese life. In the Chinese language， people that are considered to be excellent are compared to dragons， while people associated with failure are compared to other living things， such as insects.Only emperors were able to use dragons， and both emperors and dragons are related to the lucky number nine. The number nine is also linked with dragons in the way that people describe them as being made up of nine different animals.
The dragon is sometimes used in the West to stand for China. Instead， it is seen as an example of culture in China. In Hong Kong， the dragon is used in the design of “Brand Hong Kong”， an image used to promote Hong Kong as an international brand name.
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了印度的泰姬陵、中国的长城、约旦的佩特拉和罗马的斗兽场四个旅游景点。
21.D 细节理解题。根据Taj Mahal部分中的November to February is your best chance for pleasant weather.可知，去泰姬陵的最佳时间是选项中的十二月。
22.B 细节理解题。根据Taj Mahal部分中的Constructed from 1632 to 1648、The Great Wall部分中的Dating back to about 700 BCE、Petra部分中的Petra was built directly into the cliffside around 312 BCE by the Nabataeans和The Colosseum部分中的Built in the
first century by Emperor Vespasian可知，万里长城的修建时间可以追溯到公元前700年，是历史最悠久的建筑。
23.B 文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章推荐了四个旅游景点。由此推知，本文最有可能出自一本旅游宣传册。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在美国伊利诺斯州，一个小区里的几个孩子利用周末摆起柠檬汁小摊，他们把赚的三千多美元全部捐给了当地的一家医院。
24.C 细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，作者先表明一个观点：有时候即使是最微小的举动也会变成一件大事；然后作者列举孩子们摆柠檬汁小摊做慈善的例子来证明此观点。
25.C 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，这些孩子们从事资金募集活动，完全是受到Suzanne Miller的影响。
26.B 推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，对于孩子们的优秀表现，作为母亲应该是既满意又自豪的。
27.A 标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国一群孩子通过摆柠檬汁小摊赚钱来为当地医院捐款的故事。因此A项为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。腊八节，即每年农历十二月初八。在我国北方，有“小孩小孩你别馋，过了腊八就是年”之说，过腊八意味着拉开了过年的序幕。
28.D 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，在腊月初八这一天，释迦牟尼佛开悟，即达到了更高的精神境界。
29.D 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，腊八节最重要的习俗是喝腊八粥，而制作腊八粥所需原料的选择因地而异。
30.A 词义猜测题。根据语境可知，佛在喝了牧羊女的牛奶粥之后才恢复了体力。由此可知，佛由于苦修多年，身体非常“虚弱”。
31.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如今，寺庙坚持在腊月初八这一天向公众施粥的传统，另外，寺庙和餐馆在腊八节当天煮好腊八粥，分发给环卫工人和独居老人。由此可以推断，腊八粥背后体现了“给予”和“分享”的精神。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。现代人对电子产品的依赖越来越深，日益延长的屏幕时间对我们究竟会产生什么影响？我们又该如何应对呢？
32.A 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，这些问题主要反映了人们对社交媒体使用所产生效果的反思和疑问。
33.D 代词指代题。根据第四段可知，这里的learning strategies to manage it in other ways指“学习一些策略来用其他方法管理生活中的无聊”。
34.A 细节理解题。根据第四、五段可知，作者建议我们在生活中寻求一种平衡，除了科技产品还要利用其他方法，不要让科技产品占用我们所有的空闲时间。
35.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为科技产品剥夺了人们的思考，他希望科技产品应该改善其设计，更关注人的成长和发展。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了英语中有关rat的一些常用表达。
36.C 下文说明了老鼠给我们带来的一些好处，因此C项符合语境。
37.E 上文说明了老鼠的一些用途，下文说明有人喜欢老鼠、有人讨厌老鼠，E项符合语境。
38.D 上文提到了一个新短语：rat race，D项是对它字面意义的解释。
39.B 上下文都在描述一种为基本生活拼命挣扎的艰难处境，B项符合语境。
40.G 上文列举了一些词汇历史学家的观点，G项则是对此短语来历的另一种说法。
第三部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习中文的经历，作者认为学习中文最难的部分是区分声调，为此还发生了一个小误会。
41.B 根据上文I am often asked how I learned to speak Chinese fluently.以及下文内容可知，虽然作者如今汉语说得很流利，但是实际上也遇到过困难。
42.D 根据下文可知，作者去商店买礼物，因为声调不同导致了误解，由此可知，作者学习汉语最难的部分是汉字的声调。
43.A 根据下文the tones， I lived in Shanghai for 6 months可知，作者住在上海是为了学习声调。
44.C 根据下文I wanted to buy a gift for my “horse”可知，作者想要给母亲买礼物。
45.C 根据上文“horse” and “mother”以及常识可知，这两个词只有一个声调的区别。
46.A 根据上文I wanted to buy a gift for my “horse”可知，当店员听到作者要给“马”买礼物时，她以为作者疯了。短语lose one’s mind表示“失去理智”。
47.B 根据下文what I was trying to say， but it was a bit of a struggle可知，店员最后理解了作者的话。
48.B 根据上文“horse” and “mother” are only differentiated by a可知，经过这件事，作者学会了这两种声调的区别。
49.D 根据下文where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese可知，作者在网上找到了一个语言伙伴。
50.C 根据上文where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese可知，作者找语言伙伴的目的就是练习中文，他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文。
51.C 上文提到他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文，结果就是作者的中文说得流利起来。
52.A 根据下文just like a native speaker可知，作者的中文说得更流利了，就像一个母语人士一样。
53.D 下文提到“当我在一个说英语的环境中学习中文时，我和我的同学们在彼此说话时经常弄混声调”，这是作者学习中文以后得出的经验之谈。
54.B 根据上文in an English-speaking environment可知，在一个说英语的环境中学习中文，因为大家的母语都是英语，所以作者和同学们在彼此说话时经常弄混声调。
55.D 作者这里强调在说中文的环境中面对面交流的重要性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中国古代著名思想家老子及其《道德经》。
56.are divided 考查动词的时态和语态。该书的81章被分为两大部分，时态应与上下文保持一致，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。
57.as 考查状语从句。这里的as是连词，意为“尽管；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，使用了倒装语序。
58.an 考查冠词。本空后面是一个名词词组，因此这里应用不定冠词。an important concept一个重要的概念。
59.emphasized 考查动词的时态。根据下文的advised可知，这里应用一般过去时。
60.phenomena 考查名词复数。前面的these暗示这里应用名词phenomenon的复数形式。
61.following 考查非谓语动词。由于前面是介词without，因此这里应用动词-ing形式。
62.to control 考查非谓语动词。这里动词不定式短语to control the world作后置定语。
63.which 考查定语从句。这里是由“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词指物时，介词后只能用which而不能用that。
64.passively 考查词形转换。这里应用一个副词来修饰后面的动词短语wait for。
65.on 考查介词。on the basis of是一个固定短语，意为“在……之上”。
第四部分
第一节
Dear Smith，
I am only too glad to take you to visit Xi’an.Please allow me to give you a brief introduction to it.
Located in north central China， Xi’an， called Chang’an in ancient times， is the provincial capital of Shaanxi Province.
Known as the birthplace of Chinese civilization， Xi’an is the oldest of China’s Four Great Ancient Capitals， serving as the capital city of 13 dynasties for over 1，100 years.Undoubtedly， the history and cultural significance of Xi’an stretches through China’s ancient past and into its bright future.
As one of the most well-known historical and cultural cities in China， Xi’an has numerous tourist attractions， such as the Terracotta Warriors and Horses， Ancient City Wall， Bell Tower， the Big Wild Goose Pagoda， and Shaanxi History Museum.
I guarantee you will have a wonderful time in Xi’an.
Best regards，
Li Hua
第二节
Before I could realise how fast one month went by， I was standing behind the starting line of the sports meet.Seeing my classmates waving their hands as if about to run beside me， I no longer felt lonely or afraid.With the shot of the starting gun， I dashed out and ran as fast as I could， as if it were a 200-meter race.Soon I was out of breath and slowed down.Other runners passed me one by one， and gradually I had no idea how many of them were still behind me.My legs were getting heavier and heavier， and I might fall down at any moment.However， I suddenly heard Mary calling my name.My deskmate even ran along the track beside me and cheered for me at the same time， just like the month-long training we did together.Gritting my teeth， I pushed myself on step by step.
As expected， I was almost the last to cross the finish line.When I was wondering how to apologise for my poor performance， my classmates came around to hold my arms， helping me walk on my feet and not to sit down.I was surrounded， with all kinds of drinks handed to me.The kind of warmth that I felt at the very moment stayed fresh on my mind.Obviously， one month certainly couldn’t make me a good runner， but I was full of confidence that I would improve in the future.Sports are not about winning or losing competitions， but bringing me close to my classmates and helping us grow together.
9 / 9(共91张PPT)
单元质量检测（四）
HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、
C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话
后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话
仅读一遍。
1. When does the film begin？（ ）
A. At 5：50.
B. At 5：40.
C. At 6：00.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place？（ ）
A. At home. B. In a shop. C. In a garden.
3. What do we know about Bill’s house？（ ）
A. It is too old to live in.
B. It is near an airport.
C. It is far from where Bill works.
4. Which sport does the man like most？（ ）
A. Golf. B. Tennis. C. Swimming.
5. What does the woman mean？（ ）
A. The paper is good， especially the last two paragraphs.
B. The man should rewrite the last two paragraphs.
C. The ideas in the last two paragraphs are not good.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听
完后，每个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is the man going to the TV station？（ ）
A. To meet his friend.
B. To have an interview.
C. To host a talk show.
7. How will the man probably get to the TV station？（ ）
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway.
8. What do we know about Mr Smith？（ ）
A. He likes football matches.
B. He won’t forgive the woman.
C. He lives alone.
9. Why did the woman make a lot of noise last night？（ ）
A. There was a great football match.
B. She was holding a party.
C. She was quarreling with her father.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
10. What kind of room does the man want？（ ）
A. A single room with a shower.
B. A single room with a window.
C. A double room with a shower.
11. In which way will the man pay for the room？（ ）
A. In US dollars.
B. In RMB.
C. By credit card.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
12. How long will the man stay in the hotel？（ ）
A. From 20 May to 2 June.
B. From 20 May to 31 May.
C. From 31 May to 2 June.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the conversation mainly about？（ ）
A. Seven wonders.
B. A sightseeing tour.
C. Ways to get information.
14. Which place does the man want to visit most？（ ）
A. The Summer Palace.
B. The Great Wall.
C. The Ming Tombs.
15. What will the man do next？（ ）
A. Read a newspaper.
B. Prepare some food.
C. Surf the Internet.
16. Who are the speakers？（ ）
A. Foreign tourists in China.
B. Tourist guides in Beijing.
C. Geographers from America.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did some people think Chinese dragons ruled over？（ ）
A. Rivers. B. Animals. C. Money.
18. What do Europeans think of dragons？（ ）
A. Power.
B. Evil creatures.
C. Insects.
19. What are dragons in China related to？（ ）
A. Number ten.
B. Number nine.
C. Number seven.
20. What does the dragon stand for in Hong Kong？（ ）
A. China. B. Culture. C. Its brand name.
听力原文：
（Text 1）
W：What time is it？ I wonder if the film has begun.
M：It’s five fifty. Let’s hurry. There’s ten minutes left.
（Text 2）
M：Excuse me， Madam. I’d like to choose some flowers for my
mother’s birthday.
W：Let me see. These fresh roses are very nice.
（Text 3）
M：What is Bill’s new house like？
W：It’s really nice， and not very far from his workplace， but he is
tired of hearing the planes flying overhead all day long.
（Text 4）
W：Say， what’s your favourite sport？
M：Hmm ... It’s hard to say. I like golf and basketball a lot， and
tennis better， but I guess swimming is my favourite.
（Text 5）
M：What do you think of my paper？
W：The ideas are good. If I were you， though， I’d write the last two
paragraphs again to make it a little clearer.
（Text 6）
M：Can you tell me how to get to the TV station by bus？
W：Take bus No.22. Don’t get off until the fifth stop， which is Silver
Road.
M：Silver Road？ Aren’t there many bars？
W：Yes. Many foreigners like to go there. It will take you an hour to get
there if the traffic lights are working properly.
M：I have an interview at 2：30 p.m. I don’t think I should go there by
bus.
W：Why not take the subway？ Go down this road until you reach the
first set of traffic lights. Turn right and you’ll see the station.
M：You are right. Thank you very much.
W：My pleasure.
（Text 7）
W：Good morning， Mr Smith. I must apologise to you for making so
much noise last night.
M：I think so. My wife and I couldn’t sleep for the whole night.
W：I’m extremely sorry， Mr Smith. There was a great football match
between China and Japan on TV.
M：Really？ I thought you were having a party.
W：And Anna Wilkinson who lives upstairs thought I was quarreling with
my father again.
M：Anyway， it’s a pity that I missed the game. What was the result？
W：The Chinese football team won in the end. I was so excited that I
forgot the time.
M：That’s good news. Please call me so that we can watch some games
together next time.
（Text 8）
W：Good morning. This is the Dongfeng Hotel. Can I help you？
M：Yes， I’m John Smith. I’d like to book a single room with a
shower from 20 May to 2 June.
W：Please give me a minute to check. I am sorry. We don’t have any
rooms available in June.
M：Hmm ... Until 31 May would be OK.
W：Alright. Mr John Smith， a single room with a shower from 20 May
to 31 May.
M：That’s right. By the way， I only have US dollars on me. Shall I
change them into renminbi to pay？
W：No， that’s not necessary. We can accept US dollars.
M：Can I use a credit card to pay？ It won’t be very convenient for me
to take so much money with me.
W：Of course， you can.
M：Thank you. Goodbye！
（Text 9）
W：Before beginning our sightseeing tour in China， I’d be glad to
know if you have anything special in mind that you’d like to see.
M：It doesn’t matter to me， wherever we go. You can choose some
scenic spots that you like， honey. I’d like to read the newspaper now.
W：You can make some suggestions， too. I don’t have anything in
mind at present.
M：OK， then. What about the Great Wall — one of the seven wonders
of the world？ We wouldn’t want to leave China without seeing it.
W：Is it far from here？
M：No， I’ve checked that on the Internet. It’s only about 50
kilometers. Just an hour and a half’s trip by car.
W：Good！ And we’ve heard quite a lot about the Summer Palace. I’d
like to see that， too.
M：All right. The Summer Palace. And there are a number of other
interesting places， such as the Temple of Heaven， the Ming Tombs and
so on. Let’s watch some TV now.
W：No， you should start to prepare some food now.
（Text 10）
W：Good morning， Mr Black. You said you would give us an
introduction to Chinese dragons this time. Shall we begin now？
M：OK. We are not quite certain how Chinese dragons first came about.
Some people believed that they ruled over water， such as waterfalls，
rivers and the ocean. In the eyes of Europeans， dragons are considered to
be evil creatures， but in China， Chinese dragons mean power， strength
and good luck. The Chinese dragon is present in many aspects of Chinese
life. In the Chinese language， people that are considered to be excellent are compared to dragons， while people associated with failure are compared to other living things， such as insects.Only emperors were able
to use dragons， and both emperors and dragons are related to the lucky
number nine. The number nine is also linked with dragons in the way that people describe them as being made up of nine different animals.
The dragon is sometimes used in the West to stand for China. Instead， it is seen as an example of culture in China. In Hong Kong， the dragon is used in the design of “Brand Hong Kong”， an image used to promote Hong Kong as an international brand name.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
（2024·赣州高一上期末）
Top Wonders of the World
From India to Rome， these sights will inspire your next historical
vacation.
Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory
of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.Constructed from 1632 to 1648， the property
covers 42 acres， including its beautiful gardens.
Best time to go： Late spring and early summer in this part of India
has often severe heat.Then come monsoons.November to February is your
best chance for pleasant weather.The sunrises here are highly admired.
The Great Wall
The Great Wall of China is the world’s longest wall and one of the
most famous landmarks in China.Dating back to about 700 BCE， it
stretches over 13，000 miles and was designed to protect the country from
invaders.
Best time to go： Plan for a spring or fall trip when the weather is
nicer and fewer people visit.Summertime is often hot and crowded， and
winter can be extremely cold in northern China.
Petra
Located in the Kingdom of Jordan， Petra was built directly into the
cliffside around 312 BCE by the Nabataeans.The city includes temples，
tombs， and its most well-known building — the Treasury.
Best time to go： Summer can get very hot in Jordan， and winter is
much colder than you may realise.Weatherwise， aim for spring or fall.
The Colosseum
The Colosseum remains Rome’s top attraction.Built in the first
century by Emperor Vespasian， the massive theater spans 620 by 513
feet， which would hold 80，000 people.
Best time to go： You’ll find fewer tourists there during Rome’s
low season （winter）， weekdays and during the opening hour or near
closing time.If you show up in summer at midday， it’s going to be
hot！
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了印度的泰姬陵、中
国的长城、约旦的佩特拉和罗马的斗兽场四个旅游景点。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了印度的泰姬陵、中
国的长城、约旦的佩特拉和罗马的斗兽场四个旅游景点。
21. What’s the best time to travel to Taj Mahal？（ ）
A. March. B. July.
C. October. D. December.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Taj Mahal部分中的November to
February is your best chance for pleasant weather.可知，去泰姬陵的
最佳时间是选项中的十二月。
22. Which of the following has the longest history？（ ）
A. Taj Mahal. B. The Great Wall.
C. Petra. D. The Colosseum.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Taj Mahal部分中的Constructed from
1632 to 1648、The Great Wall部分中的Dating back to about 700
BCE、Petra部分中的Petra was built directly into the cliffside around
312 BCE by the Nabataeans和The Colosseum部分中的Built in the
first century by Emperor Vespasian可知，万里长城的修建时间可以
追溯到公元前700年，是历史最悠久的建筑。
23. Where can we most probably read the passage？（ ）
A. In a research paper.
B. In a travel brochure.
C. In a science magazine.
D. In a geography textbook.
解析： 文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章推荐了四个旅游景
点。由此推知，本文最有可能出自一本旅游宣传册。
B
You’re never too young to start being charitable.It doesn’t have to
be a grand gesture， just something as simple as a lemonade stand.
But sometimes even the smallest gestures can end up becoming a
rather big deal.And one perfect example of this， is a neighbourhood
lemonade stand in Peoria， Illinois， which really took off.
It started out when a group of neighbourhood kids in the Knolls
neighbourhood got together in order to participate in a fundraiser to help
raise money for the St.Jude Children’s Research Hospital.The children
got busy selling lemonade and other treats all throughout the weekend，
and their hard work paid off.In total， they were able to make more than
$3，500 for the good cause.
But this charitable lemonade stand isn’t in its first year.In fact， it
has been several years in the making， all because of one mom’s
actions.Suzanne Miller has been participating in charity races for the
hospital for years， and because of her actions， her kids wanted to join in
her fundraising.Hence the lemonade stand was started.
As Miller shared with WMBD，“The first year we did it we raised
$220， and we thought that was amazing.Each year， it got bigger and
bigger.”
But it’s not just the profits that have increased over the years， so
have the volunteers.This year， Miller’s kids were joined by her
neighbour Leslie Rothan’s three kids in running the lemonade stand.
Miller posted to Facebook，“The Lemonade Stand for St.Jude that
our neighbours hosted this weekend raised $3，515 and donated it to my
run goal.I CANNOT find the words to tell you how I feel.It’s absolutely
incredible to celebrate this way.”
According to WMBD， Leslie Rothan added， “As a parent， it
really makes you filled with joy.It was their idea， obviously we wanted
to support and encourage them to be as successful as possible， but it
really helped them to realise what they were doing and how that money
could really help save children.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在美国伊利诺斯州，一个小区里的
几个孩子利用周末摆起柠檬汁小摊，他们把赚的三千多美元全部捐
给了当地的一家医院。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在美国伊利诺斯州，一个小区里的
几个孩子利用周末摆起柠檬汁小摊，他们把赚的三千多美元全部捐
给了当地的一家医院。
24. What does the author intend to show by giving the example of the
kids？（ ）
A. Young kids can be better volunteers.
B. Charity should begin at a young age.
C. Small acts of kindness make a big difference.
D. A lemonade stand is a new choice for charity.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，作者先表明一个
观点：有时候即使是最微小的举动也会变成一件大事；然后作者
列举孩子们摆柠檬汁小摊做慈善的例子来证明此观点。
25. What led to the kids’ participating in fundraising？（ ）
A. Their friends’ proposal.
B. Their teachers’ encouragement.
C. The influence from Suzanne Miller.
D. The demand from the local hospital.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，这些孩子们从事资金
募集活动，完全是受到Suzanne Miller的影响。
26. How did Suzanne Miller feel according to his Facebook post？
（ ）
A. Moved and excited.
B. Proud and satisfied.
C. Grateful and delighted.
D. Surprised and confused.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，对于孩子们的优秀
表现，作为母亲应该是既满意又自豪的。
27. Which is the most suitable title for the text？（ ）
A. Kids Start a Lemonade Stand to Raise for Charity
B. Mother Sells Lemonade Together with Her Kids
C. A Lemonade Stand Was Started by Some Kids
D. Selling Lemonade Is a New Way to Support Charity
解析： 标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国一
群孩子通过摆柠檬汁小摊赚钱来为当地医院捐款的故事。因此A
项为文章最佳标题。
C
The Laba Festival， also simply called “Laba”， comes on the
eighth day of the twelfth month of the Chinese lunar year.It falls on 7
January this year.The festival has this name because the twelfth month is
also called “la” month in Chinese while the number eight is pronounced
“ba”.
Since it’s in the last month of the lunar year， the festival implies
saying goodbye to the old and embracing the new， and is often regarded
as a warm-up celebration for the upcoming Spring Festival.As an old
saying goes， “After Laba， it’s the （Chinese） New Year.”
Laba Day is also Bodhi Day in the Buddhist tradition.It’s said that
Shakyamuni Buddha， the founder of Buddhism， attained enlightenment
（觉悟） on this day.Thus， the day is one of the grandest festivals for
Buddhists.
One of the festival’s traditions is to offer sacrifices （贡品） to the
ancestors and gods.In the agrarian societies of ancient times， this
worship was a prayer for good luck and a bountiful harvest.
The most important custom during the Laba Festival is eating Laba
congee.This dish is cooked with a mix of eight ingredients， as eight is a
lucky number in Chinese culture.The tradition to have Laba congee on this
day dates back more than a thousand years and is still a major part of Laba
day in many places.The selection of ingredients for the congee may vary
geographically.
Legend has it that， before being enlightened， the Buddha worked
hard for many years and was very feeble .Thanks to the milk porridge
offered by some shepherdesses， he recovered physical strength and later
achieved enlightenment.
Therefore， nowadays， temples adhere to the tradition of offering
congee to the public on this day to show appreciation for the kindhearted
and to help the poor.Temples as well as restaurants cook and hand out
Laba congee on the day of the festival to sanitation workers and senior
people who live alone.Every year， people line up in temples since the
early morning for the bowl of goodness.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。腊八节，即每年农历十二月初八。
在我国北方，有“小孩小孩你别馋，过了腊八就是年”之说，过腊
八意味着拉开了过年的序幕。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。腊八节，即每年农历十二月初八。
在我国北方，有“小孩小孩你别馋，过了腊八就是年”之说，过腊
八意味着拉开了过年的序幕。
28. What happened to Shakyamuni Buddha on Laba Day？（ ）
A. He was born.
B. He passed away.
C. He created Buddhism.
D. He reached a higher spiritual level.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，在腊月初八这一天，
释迦牟尼佛开悟，即达到了更高的精神境界。
29. What can we learn about the Laba Festival？（ ）
A. It falls on 18 January every year.
B. It was created by Shakyamuni Buddha.
C. The most important custom is offering sacrifices.
D. People make Laba congee differently from place to place.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，腊八节最重要的习俗
是喝腊八粥，而制作腊八粥所需原料的选择因地而异。
30. What does the underlined word “feeble” in Paragraph 6 mean？
（ ）
A. Weak. B. Upset.
C. Anxious. D. Delighted.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据语境可知，佛在喝了牧羊女的牛奶
粥之后才恢复了体力。由此可知，佛由于苦修多年，身体非常
“虚弱”。
31. What is behind Laba congee according to the last paragraph？
（ ）
A. The spirit of giving.
B. The spirit of receiving.
C. The spirit of having fun.
D. The spirit of working hard.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如今，寺庙坚持在
腊月初八这一天向公众施粥的传统，另外，寺庙和餐馆在腊八节
当天煮好腊八粥，分发给环卫工人和独居老人。由此可以推断，
腊八粥背后体现了“给予”和“分享”的精神。
D
With the development of science and technology， we settled into a
new routine of opening up laptops and tablets to see classmates’ faces
and hear teachers’ lessons.I transitioned quickly to seeing my clinic
patients via telehealth and managing my research lab over Zoom.Humans
have never been so dependent on technology as we have been this past
year.
“Screen time” was not a helpful concept this year.I heard parents
reflecting on the media use： Did my kids feel more connected to someone
else’s experience， or did they feel more divided from others？ Did I put
down my device feeling more anxious and angry or feeling like life made
more sense？ Did I feel like my family’s behaviour was being secretly
tracked， or did I feel aware and in control？
When life is stressful， screens can be soothing （抚慰的）.When
life is busy， screens can help us feel more in control and keep kids quiet.
These are not new insights， but we’ve all experienced more of it this year as parents struggle with impossible role overload during a hard time.
Allowing technology to soothe us can distract from the family
interactions that actually help build good relationships and make meaning
out of stressful times.Now is our opportunity to figure out a balance
between soothing away boredom and learning strategies to manage it in
other ways.
As the pandemic wears on， this might be deciding where technology
“lives” in your house， and where it “sleeps” overnight， so it
doesn’t invade all of your downtime.It might mean seeing a doctor to
work on strategies for you and your child to handle negative emotions and
conflict.
With evidence that technology platforms are trying to identify our
emotions for marketing purposes， it’s more important than ever to
understand our emotional relationships with our devices.
As parents， it can be difficult to build these insights into technology
when it is intentionally designed to not make us think and reflect.But as
we emerge from this pandemic， I would love for parents to demand more
helpful， honest design in the tech products we use.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。现代人对电子产品的依赖越来越
深，日益延长的屏幕时间对我们究竟会产生什么影响？我们又该如
何应对呢？
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。现代人对电子产品的依赖越来越
深，日益延长的屏幕时间对我们究竟会产生什么影响？我们又该如
何应对呢？
32. Why does the author list some questions in Paragraph 2？（ ）
A. To doubt the effects of media use.
B. To show the benefits of screen time.
C. To question the value of technology.
D. To know the function of tech products.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，这些问题主要反映了
人们对社交媒体使用所产生效果的反思和疑问。
33. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to？
（ ）
A. Our opportunity. B. Technology.
C. A balance. D. Boredom.
解析： 代词指代题。根据第四段可知，这里的learning
strategies to manage it in other ways指“学习一些策略来用其他方
法管理生活中的无聊”。
34. What should we do according to the author？（ ）
A. Achieve a balance.
B. Turn off our screens.
C. Design better products.
D. Keep away from media.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四、五段可知，作者建议我们在
生活中寻求一种平衡，除了科技产品还要利用其他方法，不要让
科技产品占用我们所有的空闲时间。
35. Which of the following words best describes the author’s attitude
towards technology？（ ）
A. Pessimistic. B. Favourable.
C. Unsatisfied. D. Ambiguous.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为科技产品
剥夺了人们的思考，他希望科技产品应该改善其设计，更关注人
的成长和发展。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rats.They are not among nature’s most loved animals.36.
（ ） They have been tested and retested for so many diseases and
other issues — all for the purpose of human health and happiness.
Rats have other uses， as well.For example， they can be trained to
find explosives buried underground.37.（ ） So， some people like
rats.Some don’t.However， when talking about English expressions，
“rat” phrases almost all have a negative meaning.
Calling someone a “rat” is a big insult （侮辱）.When we “rat
on” someone， we tell others something they did in order to get them in
trouble.If an object is “ratty”， it is in poor condition.And we can
simply say “Rats！” if something bad happens.
Today， we will talk about another bad rat expression： rat race.38.
（ ） It is not.A rat race is a purely human situation.
If you are in a rat race， you are in a daily work routine that is
extremely competitive， tiring and never-ending.Day after day， you
compete for more power and more wealth against others wanting the same
thing.We can also use the term “rat race” to describe a person’s
struggle to gain the basics of life.39.（ ） They are seemingly
helpless against a way of life that is slowly killing them and their souls.
Some word historians say this expression comes from real rat
races.These were sporting events held in the 1800s.People would bet
money on the rats.40.（ ） Scientists often study rats to see how they
will react in different conditions.
A. It’s a commonly used word.
B. This struggle is also out of their control.
C. However， rats help humans in many ways.
D. This may sound like a running contest between rats.
E. Despite all this， lots of people fear or even hate rats.
F. Some people think leaving or quitting a rat race is an easy choice.
G. Others say it comes from the custom of testing rats in laboratory
experiments.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了英语中有关rat的一
些常用表达。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了英语中有关rat的一
些常用表达。
36. C 下文说明了老鼠给我们带来的一些好处，因此C项符合语境。
37. E 上文说明了老鼠的一些用途，下文说明有人喜欢老鼠、有人
讨厌老鼠，E项符合语境。
38. D 上文提到了一个新短语：rat race，D项是对它字面意义的
解释。
39. B 上下文都在描述一种为基本生活拼命挣扎的艰难处境，B项符
合语境。
40. G 上文列举了一些词汇历史学家的观点，G项则是对此短语来历
的另一种说法。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
（2024·福州高一上学期期末）I am often asked how I learned to
speak Chinese fluently. 41 ， as a native English speaker， learning
to speak in tones was the 42 part about learning Chinese for
me.To 43 the tones， I lived in Shanghai for 6 months.Once I
wanted to buy a 44 for my mother.Unluckily， the words for
“horse” and “mother” are only differentiated by a 45 tone.When I told the store clerk I wanted to buy a gift for my “horse”， she looked at me like I had lost my 46 .In the end， she 47 what I was trying to say， but it was a bit of a struggle.After that， I learned
the 48 between the two tones.
After returning to England， I bought a web camera and found myself
a language 49 by going to ， where I met a native
speaker willing to help me learn Chinese.Together， we 50 speaking
Chinese for a few hours per week. 51 ， I not only mastered my tones
but learned to speak more 52 ， just like a native speaker.
In my 53 ， when studying Chinese in an English-speaking
environment， my classmates and I often made a 54 of the tones
when speaking to one another.In fact， in a Chinese-speaking
environment， the 55 interaction is of great importance for fluency，
and it separates the amateurs （业余爱好者） from the experts.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习中文的经
历，作者认为学习中文最难的部分是区分声调，为此还发生了一个
小误会。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习中文的经
历，作者认为学习中文最难的部分是区分声调，为此还发生了一个
小误会。
41. A. Hopefully B. Actually
C. Surprisingly D. Similarly
解析： 根据上文I am often asked how I learned to speak Chinese
fluently.以及下文内容可知，虽然作者如今汉语说得很流利，但
是实际上也遇到过困难。
42. A. main B. best C. basic D. hardest
解析： 根据下文可知，作者去商店买礼物，因为声调不同导
致了误解，由此可知，作者学习汉语最难的部分是汉字的声调。
43. A. learn B. match
C. lower D. record
解析： 根据下文the tones， I lived in Shanghai for 6 months可
知，作者住在上海是为了学习声调。
44. A. horse B. camera
C. gift D. dictionary
解析： 根据下文I wanted to buy a gift for my “horse”可知，
作者想要给母亲买礼物。
45. A. soft B. formal
C. single D. pleasant
解析： 根据上文“horse” and “mother”以及常识可知，这
两个词只有一个声调的区别。
46. A. mind B. balance
C. interest D. confidence
解析： 根据上文I wanted to buy a gift for my “horse”可知，
当店员听到作者要给“马”买礼物时，她以为作者疯了。短语
lose one’s mind表示“失去理智”。
47. A. agreed with B. worked out
C. focused on D. made up
解析： 根据下文what I was trying to say， but it was a bit of a
struggle可知，店员最后理解了作者的话。
48. A. clue B. difference
C. issue D. importance
解析： 根据上文“horse” and “mother” are only differentiated by a可知，经过这件事，作者学会了这两种声调的区别。
49. A. test B. learner
C. magazine D. partner
解析： 根据下文where I met a native speaker willing to help me
learn Chinese可知，作者在网上找到了一个语言伙伴。
50. A. suggested B. considered
C. practiced D. avoided
解析： 根据上文where I met a native speaker willing to help me
learn Chinese可知，作者找语言伙伴的目的就是练习中文，他们每
周一起练习说几个小时的中文。
51. A. As a rule B. At times
C. As a result D. At first
解析： 上文提到他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文，结果
就是作者的中文说得流利起来。
52. A. fluently B. openly
C. meaningfully D. slowly
解析： 根据下文just like a native speaker可知，作者的中文说
得更流利了，就像一个母语人士一样。
53. A. heart B. dream
C. power D. experience
解析： 下文提到“当我在一个说英语的环境中学习中文时，
我和我的同学们在彼此说话时经常弄混声调”，这是作者学习中
文以后得出的经验之谈。
54. A. list B. mess
C. habit D. collection
解析： 根据上文in an English-speaking environment可知，在一
个说英语的环境中学习中文，因为大家的母语都是英语，所以作
者和同学们在彼此说话时经常弄混声调。
55. A. back-to-back B. eye-to-eye
C. knee-to-knee D. face-to-face
解析：作者这里强调在说中文的环境中面对面交流的重要性。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Laozi， also known as Classic of the Way and Virtue （Daodejing）， consists of just over 5，000 Chinese characters.Its 81 chapters
56. （divide） into two parts， Dao （the Way）
and De（Virtue）.Short 57. it is， the book has played an
essential role in the development of Chinese culture.
“Naturalness” is 58. important concept of Laozi’s
philosophy.It refers to a natural state of being， an attitude of following
the way of nature.Laozi 59. （emphasize） that everything
in the world has its own way of being and development： birds fly in the
sky， fish swim in the water， clouds float in the sky.All these
60. （phenomenon） occur independently and naturally
without 61. （follow） any human will， and humans
should not try to change anything natural.Laozi advised people to give up
on any desire 62. （control） the world.
“Non-action” is another important concept of Laozi’s
philosophy.Laozi said，“Dao or the Way acts through non-action，”
by 63. he did not mean that one should do nothing and
64. （passive） wait for something to be achieved.Neither
did he deny human creativity.What he meant is that human enterprises
should be built 65. the basis of naturalness， not on any
attempts to interrupt the rhythm of nature.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中国古代著名思想
家老子及其《道德经》。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中国古代著名思想
家老子及其《道德经》。
56. are divided 考查动词的时态和语态。该书的81章被分为两大部
分，时态应与上下文保持一致，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。
57. as 考查状语从句。这里的as是连词，意为“尽管；虽然”，引
导让步状语从句，使用了倒装语序。
58. an 考查冠词。本空后面是一个名词词组，因此这里应用不定冠
词。an important concept一个重要的概念。
59. emphasized 考查动词的时态。根据下文的advised可知，这里应
用一般过去时。
60. phenomena 考查名词复数。前面的these暗示这里应用名词
phenomenon的复数形式。
61. following 考查非谓语动词。由于前面是介词without，因此这里
应用动词-ing形式。
62. to control 考查非谓语动词。这里动词不定式短语to control the
world作后置定语。
63. which 考查定语从句。这里是由“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限
制性定语从句，先行词指物时，介词后只能用which而不能用that。
64. passively 考查词形转换。这里应用一个副词来修饰后面的动词短语wait for。
65. on 考查介词。on the basis of是一个固定短语，意为“在……之上”。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，学校安排你下周末作为导游带领外籍教师Mr
Smith去西安游玩。请你给Mr Smith写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 西安的地理位置；
2. 西安的文化意义；
3. 西安的旅游景点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Smith，
I am only too glad to take you to visit Xi’an.Please allow me to
give you a brief introduction to it.
I guarantee you will have a wonderful time in Xi’an.
Best regards，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Smith，
I am only too glad to take you to visit Xi’an.Please allow me to give
you a brief introduction to it.
Located in north central China， Xi’an， called Chang’an in
ancient times， is the provincial capital of Shaanxi Province.
Known as the birthplace of Chinese civilization， Xi’an is the
oldest of China’s Four Great Ancient Capitals， serving as the capital
city of 13 dynasties for over 1，100 years.Undoubtedly， the history and
cultural significance of Xi’an stretches through China’s ancient past and
into its bright future.
As one of the most well-known historical and cultural cities in
China， Xi’an has numerous tourist attractions， such as the Terracotta
Warriors and Horses， Ancient City Wall， Bell Tower， the Big Wild
Goose Pagoda， and Shaanxi History Museum.
I guarantee you will have a wonderful time in Xi’an.
Best regards，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
（2024·武汉部分重点中学高一上学期期末）
Sports Bring Us Together
Sports are more than competitions.
I used to be very shy and often felt lonely.Although I did well in all
the academic subjects， I was afraid of physical education.Even kids in
the neighbourhood would laugh at me.“Look at that girl，” they
said.“Her feet don’t leave the ground when she runs！” Their words
embarrassed me.At school， whenever the teacher organised some
competitive games， no one in the class would choose me as their partner
or team member.As a result， I often ended up looking at others enjoy
their games.
Things would go on like that if not for a sports meet in my high
school.By mistake， my name was put on the list of those who would
compete in the women’s 1，500 meters race.By the time people found
the mistake， it was too late to change.
My deskmate， Mary， was a natural athlete.She said to me， “I
couldn’t run that race in your place， because I have signed up for three
items already.” I nearly broke down.1，500 meters！ Running against
the best runners in front of the whole school！ It would be the worst
nightmare I’d ever have！
“You still have time to catch up because there is still one month
before the sports meet，” Mary patted me on the shoulder，“That is
cool！ You will run for our class！ And we will do training together.”
Yes， this is not just for myself， but for my class.But still， 1，500
meters to me was like Mount Everest （珠穆朗玛峰） to a beginning
climber.I had no idea even how to start my preparation.
Mary invited me to join in their training.Every afternoon after class，
several of us ran together.When the fear of being laughed at flooded over
me， I saw others running right beside or stand by the tracks cheering for
us.They gave me strengths.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Before I could realise how fast one month went by， I was
standing behind the starting line of the sports meet.
As expected， I was almost the last to cross the finish line.
参考范文：
Before I could realise how fast one month went by， I was standing
behind the starting line of the sports meet.Seeing my classmates waving
their hands as if about to run beside me， I no longer felt lonely or
afraid.With the shot of the starting gun， I dashed out and ran as fast as I
could， as if it were a 200-meter race.Soon I was out of breath and slowed
down.Other runners passed me one by one， and gradually I had no idea
how many of them were still behind me.My legs were getting heavier and
heavier， and I might fall down at any moment.However， I suddenly
heard Mary calling my name.My deskmate even ran along the track beside
me and cheered for me at the same time， just like the month-long training
we did together.Gritting my teeth， I pushed myself on step by step.
As expected， I was almost the last to cross the finish line.When I
was wondering how to apologise for my poor performance， my
classmates came around to hold my arms， helping me walk on my feet
and not to sit down.I was surrounded， with all kinds of drinks handed to
me.The kind of warmth that I felt at the very moment stayed fresh on my
mind.Obviously， one month certainly couldn’t make me a good
runner， but I was full of confidence that I would improve in the
future.Sports are not about winning or losing competitions， but bringing
me close to my classmates and helping us grow together.
谢谢观看！
