(共77张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Discovering Useful Structures
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
现在进行时的被动语态
1. Much is being done to protect wildlife， but if we really want to save
the planet， we must change our way of life.
2. These large animals are being killed illegally for their body parts that
are considered valuable.
3. Billions of trees are being cut down every year to make paper for
humans.
4. In this way a lot of animal homes are being destroyed！
【我的发现】
以上句子中的蓝体部分为 ，其构成形式
为“ ”。
现在进行时的被动语态
be（am/is/are）＋being＋过去分词
一、含义
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动
作，主语是动作的承受者。
二、结构
肯定式 be （am/is/are）＋being done
否定式 be （am/is/are）＋not＋being done
一般疑问式 be （am/is/are）＋主语＋being done
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋be （am/is/are）＋主语＋being done
Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.
这些天许多有趣的实验正在进行着。
It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now.
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
The two-week art exhibition is being held in our gym.
为期两周的艺术展正在我们的体育馆举办。
→Is the two-week art exhibition being held in our gym？ （一般
疑问句）
→Where is the two-week art exhibition being held？ （特殊疑问句）
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①An exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings
（hold） by our school now， which will promote a growing love
for traditional art.
②My car （repair） in the garage this week， so I
have to take the subway to go home.
③ for the coming English speech contest？
谁正在为了即将到来的英语演讲比赛接受训练？
is being
held
is being repaired
Who is being trained
三、用法
1. 表示说话时正在进行的被动动作，常与now、 at the moment、 look
等词连用。
Look！ The goods are being delivered by these smart robots.
看！这些货物正由这些智能机器人运送。
2. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此动作不一定在此时此刻
发生。
Forests are being cut down to make way for crops or farm animals，
especially in less developed countries.
森林砍伐是为了种植庄稼或饲养家畜，特别是在欠发达国家。
3. 表示按计划主语将要承受的某个动作。
A Christmas party is being held tonight.
今晚将要举行一场圣诞晚会。
4. 表示一种习惯性的被动行为，常与always、 often、 constantly等词
连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
Although Tom is an average student， he is always being praised by
his teacher for his hard work.
虽然汤姆是一名普通的学生，但他总是因为努力学习而受到老师的
表扬。
5. 与某些情态动词连用，表示推测。
—Do you know what Smith is doing？
—He is ill.He may be being examined by the doctor.
——你知道史密斯在做什么吗？
——他生病了。他可能正在接受医生的检查。
【即时演练2】 单句语法填空
①For most of the students in my class， the grammar which
（learn） now is easy to master.
②The young player has made great progress recently and is
always （praise） by his coach.
③Their washing machine （repair） this week， so
they have to wash their clothes by hand.
④The question about where the factory is going to be built
（discuss） at the moment.
is being
learned
being praised
is being repaired
is being
discussed
四、使用现在进行时的被动语态时应注意的问题
1. 在现在进行时的被动语态中，be（am/is/are）为第一助动词，being
为第二助动词，缺一不可，且位置不可互换。
The report is being written by one of the best students.
报告正由最好的学生之一写着。
2. take care of、 look after、 talk about、 think of等动词与介词构成的
短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时，其中的介词不可省略。
The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about.
阻止非法捕猎的方法正在讨论中。
3. “be （am/is/are）＋under/in＋名词”有时可相当于现在进行时的
被动语态。
The bridge is under construction.
＝The bridge is being constructed.
那座桥正在建设中。
4. 一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在的动词，如stay、 love、
have、 want等，一般不用于进行时，因而也没有进行时的被动语
态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态，表示此刻或目前主语正承受的
动作。
The runaway of the traffic accident is wanted by the police.
这起交通事故的逃逸者正在被警方通缉。
【即时演练3】 单句语法填空
① Some trees （plant） on the hill at present.
②I feel very puzzled that the goods in our shop
（steal）.
③The ocean （pollute） by a lot of rubbish that
causes animals’ deaths.
④My digital camera （repair）， so I can’t use it
now.
⑤Nowadays science and technology （develop） so
rapidly that people can hardly catch up with its pace.
are being planted
are being stolen
is being polluted
is being repaired
is developing
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
reduce vt.减少
【教材原句】 It is reported that living spaces for wildlife are being
reduced due to the cutting of trees.
据报道，由于砍伐树木，野生动物的生存空间正在减少。
【用法】
（1）reduce
reduce ...to （doing） sth 使……沦落为某物
（2）reduction n.减少；缩小
【佳句】 The number of this kind of
tigers has been reduced to less than 1，000， so let’s call on
people to take measures to stop them from dying out.
这种老虎的数量已经减少到不足1，000只，因此， 让我们呼吁
人们采取措施阻止它们灭绝。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①By taking exercise every day， I have reduced my weight from 65
kilos 50 kilos.
②The cultural relic （reduce） to ruins，which made
us sad.
to
was reduced
【写美】 完成句子
③In my everyday life， I my carbon
footprints on the planet.
在日常生活中，我努力减少在地球上的碳足迹。
spare no effort to reduce
due adj.由于；因为
【用法】
due to 因为；由于
be due to do sth 预定/计划做某事
be due to sb 应支付给某人；应归于某人
【佳句】 Due to the rapid development of technology， online learning
has become more and more popular.
由于技术的快速发展，在线学习变得越来越流行。
【点津】 表示“由于；因为”的短语还有because of、 owing to、
thanks to等。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①My final success is due my mother， who always supports and
encourages me.
to
【写美】 完成句子
②I have made progress in my spoken English
and my success ， so I
can’t thank her enough.
由于我的英语老师的慷慨帮助，我在英语口语方面取得了进步，我的
成功归功于她的帮助，所以我怎么感谢她都不为过。
due to my English
teacher’s generous help
is due to her help
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
1. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own
house （rebuild）.
2. These animals （hunt） at such a speed that they
will disappear soon.
3. Look！The foreign guests （show） around the
factory by Mr Zhang.
is being rebuilt
are being hunted
are being shown
4. A bridge （build） in the distance and its
construction will be finished in a year.
5. At the moment， a variety of activities （hold）
online to celebrate the New Year.
6. I have to go to work by taxi because my car
（repair） at the garage.
7. At present， lots of food， water， tents and medicine
（transport） from all over the country to the flooded
area.
8. The Amazon Rainforest （destroy） at an
alarming rate.
is being built
are being held
is being repaired
are being
transported
is being destroyed
维度二：句型转换
1. The police have arrested a young man and they are questioning him
now.
→A young man has been arrested and by the
police now.
2. We have to take another road because this road is being repaired.
→We have to take another road because this road .
is being questioned
is under repair
3. There is good news of the sports meeting which is being held in the city
stadium these days.
→There is good news of the sports meeting in the city
stadium these days.
4. This airport that was built 30 years ago is still being used.
→This airport that was built 30 years ago .
5. The workers are painting my house now.
→My house by the workers now.
being held
is still in use
is being painted
维度三：语法与写作
1. I’m writing to tell you that the Chinese Poetry Competition
.
我写信告诉你中国诗歌比赛正在我们学校举行。
2. Measures to make sure the wildlife habitats are
well protected.
人们正在采取措施以确保野生生物的栖息地得到良好保护。
3. The evening party the children are looking forward to
downstairs now.
现在，孩子们期待的晚会正在楼下举行。
is being
held in our school
are being taken
is being held
4. A number of stones and construction materials
now.
大量的石头和建筑材料现在正在被运输。
are being
transported
维度四：语法与语篇
In the wetland of my hometown， there are many different kinds of
animals， including wild birds， fish， snakes， insects and so on.When
I was in primary school， I often went there with my friends to watch the
birds and study them.That was an interesting place for all of us.But things
have begun to change in recent years.Small birds 1.
（catch） with nets.Wild ducks 2. （sell） at food
markets.Fish and snakes 3. （kill） for food in
are being caught
are being sold
are being killed
restaurants.And even worse， the wetland 4. （destroy）.
Some parts 5. （cover） with new houses.You can see rubbish everywhere.The wetland 6. （pollute） seriously every day.Everything is becoming worse and worse.I am very worried about it.What can we do？
is being destroyed
are being covered
is being polluted
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Scientists have discovered the world’s largest known field of sea
grass.They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers： tiger
sharks.The work should help protect the sea grass， and also shows off a
powerful way to explore the ocean.
Sea grasses are flowering plants that normally grow in shallow waters
near coasts.They grow in thick fields， known as meadows（草地）.Sea
grass meadows help clean the ocean’s water， and provide food and
shelter for many sea creatures.Importantly， sea grass meadows also help
in the fight against the climate crisis.That’s because they store huge
amounts of carbon — the harmful pollution that’s making global
warming worse.
But though they’re very important， scientists don’t have a good
idea of the size and number of the world’s sea grass meadows.The
meadows can be hard to spot and the ocean is so huge that it’s simply not
possible to study it all by diving.
So a team of scientists decided to have sharks help with the
research.Tiger sharks are huge， strong， and deadly.But they also live
underwater， are fast swimmers， and spend a lot of time in sea grass
meadows.
Between 2016 and 2020， a team of researchers attached cameras and
other trackers to the fins of seven tiger sharks.After catching the sharks，
the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment， then let them go
again.
The cameras were designed to fall off after a few hours and float to
the surface.Tracking signals helped the scientists find the floating cameras
and collect the videos the sharks had taken.The scientists were left with
hours of videos taken as the sharks traveled for miles over the sea floor.
Putting all this information together， the scientists learned that the
meadow covers at least 25，500 square miles （66，000 square
kilometers）， and could be as large as 35，500 square miles （92，000
square kilometers）.The discovery means that the world has roughly 40%
more sea grass meadows than scientists previously thought.However，
much still remains to be done to protect them.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在鲨鱼的帮助下，科学家们发现了
世界上已知的最大的海草草地。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在鲨鱼的帮助下，科学家们发现了
世界上已知的最大的海草草地。
1. What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（ ）
A. How sea grass meadows grow.
B. Where sea grass meadows grow.
C. The benefits of sea grass meadows.
D. The problems of sea grass meadows.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段主要说明了海草草
地的各种好处，包括净化海水、为海洋动物提供食物和栖息地，以
及对抗气候变化等。
2. When were the tiger sharks let go by the scientists？（ ）
A. After collecting the videos.
B. Before shooting the videos.
C. After finding the cameras.
D. Before attaching the trackers.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五、六段可知，科学家的操作流程
为：捕捉鲨鱼、在鲨鱼身上安装摄像头、放掉鲨鱼、鲨鱼协助拍
摄、摄像头自动脱落漂到水面、科学家收集摄像头。
3. What does the discovery mean to the scientists according to the last
paragraph？（ ）
A. A wake-up call.
B. An unexpected blow.
C. A promising future.
D. A pleasant surprise.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，科学家最后得到的结
果是：发现了比之前预估多出40%的海草草地！这自然是“意外的
惊喜”。
4. What would be the most suitable title for the text？（ ）
A. Sea Grass Meadows Are Fighting Global Warming
B. Sea Grass Meadows Do Good to Oceans and Sharks
C. Sharks Help Discover World’s Largest Sea Grass Meadow
D. Scientists Try to Research Sharks and Sea Grass Meadows
解析： 标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要告诉我们：在鲨
鱼的帮助下，科学家们发现了世界上已知的最大的海草草地。因此
C项最适合作本文标题。
B
Margaret Southern was a special-needs teacher from Greenville，
South Carolina， who died in 2012 at age 94.Southern loved children and
animals.Before she allowed Mike Shain， vice president of wealth
management at UBS， to handle her investments， she made him promise
to take in her dog， Molly， if anything happened to her.“I know
you’ll take care of her，” she told him.
In fact， Southern outlived Molly by several years and had her buried
in her yard.But she continued to worry about animals， especially those
that were homeless.When she died， she left half her $8.4 million estate
（财产） to the Greenville Humane Society — even though she’d never
had any direct contact with the organisation — and the other half to the
Community Foundation of Greenville， which distributed the money to
organisations that benefit early childhood education and special education
for children.She also left money to various friends and families.
“It’s a wonderful surprise to wake up and find a very modest
woman who cares greatly for our community and its children，” said
Susan Shi， PhD， founder of the Institute for Child Success.
Southern’s wealth also came as a shock to most who knew her.She
lived in a modest town house and got around Greenville in a common
car.Her money came from a few shares of stock left to her by her
husband， who had died in 1983.She added to that through the 80’s.
“What’s exceptional is she didn’t spend it on herself， and she
was able to accumulate a lot of money that she wanted to direct to her
dearest charities，” Bob Morris， president of the Community
Foundation， told the Greenville News.“I haven’t met a lot of people
like that.”
Did their generous natures help Southern and these other
extraordinary givers live so long？ It’s possible.Studies have found that
people who are charitable， whether it’s via volunteering or donating
money， tend to have lower blood pressure， less stress， and longer
lives.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Margaret Southern是一名从事特殊护
理的教师，她非常热爱动物，去世后将自己一半的遗产捐给了保护
动物的公益机构。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Margaret Southern是一名从事特殊护
理的教师，她非常热爱动物，去世后将自己一半的遗产捐给了保护
动物的公益机构。
5. What did Margaret Southern want Mike Shain to do？（ ）
A. Take care of her.
B. Do her housework.
C. Look after her dog.
D. Manage her estate.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Margaret Southern要求
Mike Shain在自己离世后照顾她的小狗。
6. What does the Greenville Humane Society probably do？（ ）
A. It helps children.
B. It protects animals.
C. It helps disabled people.
D. It protects the environment.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Margaret Southern非常
关爱动物，尤其是那些无家可归的动物并把她一半的遗产捐给了
Greenville Humane Society这一机构。由此判断，该机构是保护动
物的。
7. What’s the author’s purpose of using Bob Morris’s words？
（ ）
A. To provide some more proof.
B. To give some extra information.
C. To explain Margaret Southern’s act.
D. To speak highly of Margaret Southern.
解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，Bob Morris 的话主
要赞扬了Margaret Southern的所作所为及高尚人格。
8. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph？（ ）
A. Why people donate money.
B. Why people work voluntarily.
C. Giving makes one live long.
D. The benefits of doing good.
解析： 段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，本段主要讲述了做好
事（包括从事志愿者活动以及捐款等）所带来的好处。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·嘉兴高一下学期期末）A Plastic Ocean is a film to make
you think.Think， and then act.We need to take action on our dependence
on plastic.We’ve been producing plastic in huge quantities.Drinking
bottles， shopping bags and even clothes are made with plastic.9
（ ） What happens to all the rest？This is the question the film A
Plastic Ocean answers.
The film begins as a journey to film the largest animal on the planet，
the blue whale.But during the journey the filmmakers make the shocking
discovery of a huge， thick layer of plastic floating in the Indian
Ocean.10（ ） In total， they visited 20 locations around the world
during the four years to make the film.
In the film， there are beautiful shots of the seas and marine life.11
（ ） We see how marine species are being killed by all the plastic we
are dumping in the ocean.The message about our use of plastic is painfully
obvious.
12（ ） In the second half， the filmmakers look at what we can
do to deal with the problem.
They present short-term and long-term solutions.These include
avoiding plastic containers and recycle as much as you can.The
filmmakers also stress the need for governments to work more on recycling
programmes.
We make a shocking amount of plastic.Over 300 million tons of
plastic are produced every year， and at least 8 million of those are
dumped into the oceans.The results are disastrous， but it isn’t too late
to change.13（ ）
A. This causes them to travel around the world to look at other affected
areas.
B. Once you’ve seen the film， you’ll realise it is time to do our part.
C. It has raised public concern all over the world.
D. We live in a world full of plastic， and only a small amount is
recycled.
E. But the film doesn’t only present the negative side.
F. In conclusion， we only have one Earth to live on.
G. These are contrasted with dumps of plastic rubbish.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料垃圾堆积成
海，我们应当提高环保意识，改变现状。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料垃圾堆积成
海，我们应当提高环保意识，改变现状。
9. D 根据上文We’ve been producing plastic in huge quantities.
Drinking bottles， shopping bags and even clothes are made with plastic.可知，我们在制造大量的塑料，生活在一个充满塑料的世界；结合下文What happens to all the rest？可知，设空处应承上启下。故D项（我们生活在一个充满塑料的世界，只有一小部分塑料被回收）符合语境。
10. A 根据上下文语境可推断，在印度洋上发现大量的塑料垃圾促
使他们去到更多被影响的地方。故A项（这使得他们到世界各地去观
察其他受影响的地区）符合语境，A项中的This指代上文提到的the
shocking discovery of a huge， thick layer of plastic floating in the Indian
Ocean。
11. G 根据上下文语境可知，前后内容“美好的景色”与“倒进海
里的垃圾”形成对比。故G项（这些与倾倒的塑料垃圾形成对比）符
合语境，G项中的These指代上文提到的美丽镜头。
12. E 上一段提到这部电影展现出了大量的垃圾倒进海里的消极一
面，结合下文 In the second half， the filmmakers look at what we can do
to deal with the problem.可知，这部电影不仅仅是展示了消极的方面，
还展示了如何解决问题。故E项（但是这部电影不只呈现了消极的一
面）符合语境。
13. B 根据上文We make a shocking amount of plastic.和The results
are disastrous， but it isn’t too late to change.可知，我们制造了太多
的塑料垃圾，结果将会是灾难性的，但现在改变还不算太晚。故B项
（一旦你看过这部电影，你就会意识到是我们该行动的时候了）符合
语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2024·济宁高一上学期期末） Than Singh is a Delhi police
officer.He had a poverty-stricken childhood， which was 14 by
growing on the streets and selling corn.Despite his daily struggles， Singh
never 15 the importance of studies.He was so 16 that he cleared
the examination for the Delhi Police successfully， 17 his dream of
being a policeman.
Singh returned to where he had been raised.When he 18 the
streets， Singh noticed many children 19 on streets， collecting
plastic bottles， rag picking， and wasting away their childhood.Singh
realised the 20 to help and give them a good environment to
study.This 21 led Singh to establish a school named “Than Singh Ki
Pathshala”.He taught those children for free after work and developed
good behaviour among them through education.
Starting with 4 children， today Singh teaches more than 80.And
thanks to various 22 from society， the school runs smoothly.Singh
managed to 23 the students’ basic needs， like books， pencils，
and lunches. 24 ， many people join him in helping.Some local
drivers offer to give the children 25 home.Last year， 17 students
were able to 26 the government-run schools， 10 of whom scored the
highest in their class.
Due to Singh’s 27 ， many children’s lives have been
reshaped.Just as Singh said， “I feel honoured to make a 28 by
getting them educated， so they can break the chain of poverty and aim
big.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。虽然Than Singh童年时期很贫穷，但
是他一直记得学习的重要性。他通过努力实现了自己当警察的梦
想，并去帮助其他贫困儿童。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。虽然Than Singh童年时期很贫穷，但
是他一直记得学习的重要性。他通过努力实现了自己当警察的梦
想，并去帮助其他贫困儿童。
14. A. recorded B. followed
C. planned D. marked
解析： 根据上文a poverty-stricken childhood和下文by growing
on the streets and selling corn可推知，此处是描述童年贫穷的具体
情况。固定短语be marked by意为“以……为特征”。
15. A. stressed B. forgot
C. imagined D. considered
解析： 根据上文Despite his daily struggles可知，此处是让
步关系，表示虽然每天在艰难挣扎，但Singh从没有忘记学习
的重要性。
16. A. curious B. experienced
C. confused D. hardworking
解析： 根据语境可知，此处是因果关系，表示他非常努力，
成功地通过了德里的警察考试，实现了当警察的梦想。
17. A. achieving B. burying
C. quitting D. sharing
解析： 参见上题解析。
18. A. cleaned B. explored
C. policed D. painted
解析： 根据上文Than Singh is a Delhi police officer.可知，
Singh是一名警官，因此是在街上巡逻。
19. A. watching over B. passing out
C. hanging out D. pulling over
解析： 根据下文on streets和wasting away their childhood可推
知，这些孩子是在街上闲逛，浪费了童年。
20. A. necessity B. creativity
C. possibility D. emergency
解析： 根据上文wasting away their childhood可知，Singh
注意到这些孩子是在浪费他们的童年，因此意识到帮助他们的
必要性。
21. A. pressure B. appreciation
C. realisation D. comparison
解析： 根据上文Singh realised ...可知，Singh是在认识到这件
事后开始行动的。realisation和上文的realised相呼应。
22. A. activities B. donations
C. requests D. technologies
解析： 根据上文He taught those children for free after work and
developed good behaviour among them through education.可知，
Singh下班后免费教这些孩子，这所学校是公益性质的。由此可推
知，社会的各种捐赠可以帮助学校顺利地运行。
23. A. express B. understand
C. meet D. lose
解析： 根据上文可知，Singh建立了这所学校；再结合下文the
students’ basic needs可推知，作为建立者的Singh会设法满足学生
们的基本需求。
24. A. Besides B. However
C. Therefore D. Otherwise
解析： 根据下文many people join him in helping可知，此处进
一步描述学校得到的帮助。besides意为“此外”。
25. A. tickets B. breads
C. hands D. rides
解析：根据上文Some local drivers可推知，这些当地司机提供的帮助是送孩子们回家。固定短语give sb a ride意为“让某人搭便车”。
26. A. leave B. attend
C. rebuild D. register
解析： 根据上文17 students和下文the government-run schools，
10 of whom scored the highest in their class可推知，17名学生是在
Singh建立的学校接受教育后，上了公立学校，其中一些成绩优
异。固定短语attend school意为“上学”。
27. A. experiments B. interests
C. orders D. efforts
解析： 根据上文描述的Singh建立学校、免费教当地的孩子、
设法满足他们的需求可知，此处指由于他的努力。
28. A. choice B. difference
C. profit D. lesson
解析： 根据上文many children’s lives have been reshaped可
知，许多孩子的生活被改变了，因此Singh所说的是“产生影
响”。固定短语make a difference意为“产生影响，造成不同”。
Ⅳ.语法填空
（2024·安徽六校高一下学期联考）The Potala Palace， located on
the Red Hill in the northwest of Lhasa， the capital of the Xizang
autonomous region， displays grand palace-style architecture.
It was 29. （original） built by Songtsen Gampo for
marrying Princess Bhrikuti， and Princess Wencheng， the niece of the
powerful Chinese emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.In the 17th
century， the Palace 30. （rebuild） and then became one
of the top ten famous ancient buildings in China.
The building， with 31. total area of 410，000 square
meters， including 130，000 sqm of floor area， is known as the “holy
palace of the plateau”.Thirteen 32. （story） — containing 999 rooms — soar skywards for 115 meters from the top of Red Hill.
The palace has a collection of countless treasures.In 1961， The
Potala Palace was among the first buildings 33. （include） in a national list of key cultural relics conservation units 34. （list）
by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China.In 1994， it was listed as a world cultural heritage.On 8 August 1994， the maintenance of the Potala Palace was completed 35. the palace began to display its full charms from “the Roof of the World”.
The Potala Palace is the 36. （high） ancient palace
in the world and it is regarded as a defining symbol of the Xizang
Autonomous Region in China.The Potala Palace 37.
（stand） for centuries as a testament for brilliant ancient Chinese
architecture.Hundreds of thousands of visitors come every year to pay
respect to this grand palace and 38. it represents.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中国闻名于世界的
十大古建筑之一——布达拉宫。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中国闻名于世界的
十大古建筑之一——布达拉宫。
29. originally 考查词形转换。本空后面是谓语动词built，因此这里
应用副词来修饰它。
30. was rebuilt 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句时间状语为
In the 17th century，且表示“布达拉宫被重建”，因此用一般过去时
的被动语态。
31. a 考查冠词。在说明某地的面积时，通常的说法是 ...is ... in
area或 ...has an area of ...，因此这里应用不定冠词a。
32. stories 考查名词复数。这里story表示“楼层”，是一个可数名
词，根据语境可知应用复数形式。
33. to be included 考查非谓语动词。“the first＋名词”后面通常用
动词不定式作后置定语，由于这里表示被动概念，因此用动词不定式
的被动式。
34. listed 考查非谓语动词。这里表示“被列入”，因此用过去分词
作后置定语。
35. and 考查连词。the maintenance of the Potala Palace was completed
与the palace began to display its full charms from “the Roof of the
World”是两个意义并列的分句，因此用并列连词and。
36. highest 考查形容词的最高级。根据本空前的定冠词the与后面的
介词短语in the world可知，这里应用形容词的最高级形式。
37. has stood 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句时间状语为for
centuries，根据语境可知应用现在完成时。
38. what 考查宾语从句。本空前面的pay respect to是一个动词短语，
and前的this grand palace是一个宾语，and后面的what it represents是一
个宾语从句， what在从句中作宾语。
谢谢观看！Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
维度一：基础题型练
1.They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house （rebuild）.
2.These animals （hunt） at such a speed that they will disappear soon.
3.Look！The foreign guests （show） around the factory by Mr Zhang.
4.A bridge （build） in the distance and its construction will be finished in a year.
5.At the moment， a variety of activities （hold） online to celebrate the New Year.
6.I have to go to work by taxi because my car （repair） at the garage.
7.At present， lots of food， water， tents and medicine （transport） from all over the country to the flooded area.
8.The Amazon Rainforest （destroy） at an alarming rate.
维度二：句型转换
1.The police have arrested a young man and they are questioning him now.
→A young man has been arrested and by the police now.
2.We have to take another road because this road is being repaired.
→We have to take another road because this road .
3.There is good news of the sports meeting which is being held in the city stadium these days.
→There is good news of the sports meeting in the city stadium these days.
4.This airport that was built 30 years ago is still being used.
→This airport that was built 30 years ago .
5.The workers are painting my house now.
→My house by the workers now.
维度三：语法与写作
1.I’m writing to tell you that the Chinese Poetry Competition .
我写信告诉你中国诗歌比赛正在我们学校举行。
2.Measures to make sure the wildlife habitats are well protected.
人们正在采取措施以确保野生生物的栖息地得到良好保护。
3.The evening party the children are looking forward to downstairs now.
现在，孩子们期待的晚会正在楼下举行。
4.A number of stones and construction materials now.
大量的石头和建筑材料现在正在被运输。
维度四：语法与语篇
In the wetland of my hometown， there are many different kinds of animals， including wild birds， fish， snakes， insects and so on.When I was in primary school， I often went there with my friends to watch the birds and study them.That was an interesting place for all of us.But things have begun to change in recent years.Small birds 1. （catch） with nets.Wild ducks 2. （sell） at food markets.Fish and snakes 3. （kill） for food in restaurants.And even worse， the wetland 4. （destroy）.Some parts 5. （cover） with new houses.You can see rubbish everywhere.The wetland 6. （pollute） seriously every day.Everything is becoming worse and worse.I am very worried about it.What can we do？
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Scientists have discovered the world’s largest known field of sea grass.They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers： tiger sharks.The work should help protect the sea grass， and also shows off a powerful way to explore the ocean.
Sea grasses are flowering plants that normally grow in shallow waters near coasts.They grow in thick fields， known as meadows（草地）.Sea grass meadows help clean the ocean’s water， and provide food and shelter for many sea creatures.Importantly， sea grass meadows also help in the fight against the climate crisis.That’s because they store huge amounts of carbon — the harmful pollution that’s making global warming worse.
But though they’re very important， scientists don’t have a good idea of the size and number of the world’s sea grass meadows.The meadows can be hard to spot and the ocean is so huge that it’s simply not possible to study it all by diving.
So a team of scientists decided to have sharks help with the research.Tiger sharks are huge， strong， and deadly.But they also live underwater， are fast swimmers， and spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows.
Between 2016 and 2020， a team of researchers attached cameras and other trackers to the fins of seven tiger sharks.After catching the sharks， the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment， then let them go again.
The cameras were designed to fall off after a few hours and float to the surface.Tracking signals helped the scientists find the floating cameras and collect the videos the sharks had taken.The scientists were left with hours of videos taken as the sharks traveled for miles over the sea floor.
Putting all this information together， the scientists learned that the meadow covers at least 25，500 square miles （66，000 square kilometers）， and could be as large as 35，500 square miles （92，000 square kilometers）.The discovery means that the world has roughly 40% more sea grass meadows than scientists previously thought.However， much still remains to be done to protect them.
1.What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（ ）
A.How sea grass meadows grow.
B.Where sea grass meadows grow.
C.The benefits of sea grass meadows.
D.The problems of sea grass meadows.
2.When were the tiger sharks let go by the scientists？（ ）
A.After collecting the videos.
B.Before shooting the videos.
C.After finding the cameras.
D.Before attaching the trackers.
3.What does the discovery mean to the scientists according to the last paragraph？（ ）
A.A wake-up call. B.An unexpected blow.
C.A promising future. D.A pleasant surprise.
4.What would be the most suitable title for the text？（ ）
A.Sea Grass Meadows Are Fighting Global Warming
B.Sea Grass Meadows Do Good to Oceans and Sharks
C.Sharks Help Discover World’s Largest Sea Grass Meadow
D.Scientists Try to Research Sharks and Sea Grass Meadows
B
Margaret Southern was a special-needs teacher from Greenville， South Carolina， who died in 2012 at age 94.Southern loved children and animals.Before she allowed Mike Shain， vice president of wealth management at UBS， to handle her investments， she made him promise to take in her dog， Molly， if anything happened to her.“I know you’ll take care of her，” she told him.
In fact， Southern outlived Molly by several years and had her buried in her yard.But she continued to worry about animals， especially those that were homeless.When she died， she left half her $8.4 million estate （财产） to the Greenville Humane Society — even though she’d never had any direct contact with the organisation — and the other half to the Community Foundation of Greenville， which distributed the money to organisations that benefit early childhood education and special education for children.She also left money to various friends and families.
“It’s a wonderful surprise to wake up and find a very modest woman who cares greatly for our community and its children，” said Susan Shi， PhD， founder of the Institute for Child Success.
Southern’s wealth also came as a shock to most who knew her.She lived in a modest town house and got around Greenville in a common car.Her money came from a few shares of stock left to her by her husband， who had died in 1983.She added to that through the 80’s.
“What’s exceptional is she didn’t spend it on herself， and she was able to accumulate a lot of money that she wanted to direct to her dearest charities，” Bob Morris， president of the Community Foundation， told the Greenville News.“I haven’t met a lot of people like that.”
Did their generous natures help Southern and these other extraordinary givers live so long？ It’s possible.Studies have found that people who are charitable， whether it’s via volunteering or donating money， tend to have lower blood pressure， less stress， and longer lives.
5.What did Margaret Southern want Mike Shain to do？（ ）
A.Take care of her. B.Do her housework.
C.Look after her dog. D.Manage her estate.
6.What does the Greenville Humane Society probably do？（ ）
A.It helps children. B.It protects animals.
C.It helps disabled people. D.It protects the environment.
7.What’s the author’s purpose of using Bob Morris’s words？ （ ）
A.To provide some more proof.
B.To give some extra information.
C.To explain Margaret Southern’s act.
D.To speak highly of Margaret Southern.
8.What’s the main idea of the last paragraph？（ ）
A.Why people donate money.
B.Why people work voluntarily.
C.Giving makes one live long.
D.The benefits of doing good.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·嘉兴高一下学期期末）A Plastic Ocean is a film to make you think.Think， and then act.We need to take action on our dependence on plastic.We’ve been producing plastic in huge quantities.Drinking bottles， shopping bags and even clothes are made with plastic.9.（ ） What happens to all the rest？This is the question the film A Plastic Ocean answers.
The film begins as a journey to film the largest animal on the planet， the blue whale.But during the journey the filmmakers make the shocking discovery of a huge， thick layer of plastic floating in the Indian Ocean.10.（ ） In total， they visited 20 locations around the world during the four years to make the film.
In the film， there are beautiful shots of the seas and marine life.11.（ ） We see how marine species are being killed by all the plastic we are dumping in the ocean.The message about our use of plastic is painfully obvious.
12.（ ） In the second half， the filmmakers look at what we can do to deal with the problem.
They present short-term and long-term solutions.These include avoiding plastic containers and recycle as much as you can.The filmmakers also stress the need for governments to work more on recycling programmes.
We make a shocking amount of plastic.Over 300 million tons of plastic are produced every year， and at least 8 million of those are dumped into the oceans.The results are disastrous， but it isn’t too late to change.13.（ ）
A.This causes them to travel around the world to look at other affected areas.
B.Once you’ve seen the film， you’ll realise it is time to do our part.
C.It has raised public concern all over the world.
D.We live in a world full of plastic， and only a small amount is recycled.
E.But the film doesn’t only present the negative side.
F.In conclusion， we only have one Earth to live on.
G.These are contrasted with dumps of plastic rubbish.
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2024·济宁高一上学期期末） Than Singh is a Delhi police officer.He had a poverty-stricken childhood， which was 14 by growing on the streets and selling corn.Despite his daily struggles， Singh never 15 the importance of studies.He was so 16 that he cleared the examination for the Delhi Police successfully， 17 his dream of being a policeman.
14.（ ）A.recorded B.followed
C.planned D.marked
15.（ ） A.stressed B.forgot
C.imagined D.considered
16.（ ） A.curious B.experienced
C.confused D.hardworking
17.（ ） A.achieving B.burying
C.quitting D.sharing
Singh returned to where he had been raised.When he 18 the streets， Singh noticed many children 19 on streets， collecting plastic bottles， rag picking， and wasting away their childhood.Singh realised the 20 to help and give them a good environment to study.This 21 led Singh to establish a school named “Than Singh Ki Pathshala”.He taught those children for free after work and developed good behaviour among them through education.
Starting with 4 children， today Singh teaches more than 80.And thanks to various 22 from society， the school runs smoothly.Singh managed to 23 the students’ basic needs， like books， pencils， and lunches. 24 ， many people join him in helping.Some local drivers offer to give the children 25 home.Last year， 17 students were able to 26 the government-run schools， 10 of whom scored the highest in their class.
Due to Singh’s 27 ， many children’s lives have been reshaped.Just as Singh said， “I feel honoured to make a 28 by getting them educated， so they can break the chain of poverty and aim big.”
18.（ ） A.cleaned B.explored
C.policed D.painted
19.（ ） A.watching over B.passing out
C.hanging out D.pulling over
20.（ ） A.necessity B.creativity
C.possibility D.emergency
21.（ ） A.pressure B.appreciation
C.realisation D.comparison
22.（ ） A.activities B.donations
C.requests D.technologies
23.（ ） A.express B.understand
C.meet D.lose
24.（ ） A.Besides B.However
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
25.（ ） A.tickets B.breads
C.hands D.rides
26.（ ） A.leave B.attend
C.rebuild D.register
27.（ ） A.experiments B.interests
C.orders D.efforts
28.（ ） A.choice B.difference
C.profit D.lesson
Ⅳ.语法填空
（2024·安徽六校高一下学期联考）The Potala Palace， located on the Red Hill in the northwest of Lhasa， the capital of the Xizang autonomous region， displays grand palace-style architecture.
It was 29. （original） built by Songtsen Gampo for marrying Princess Bhrikuti， and Princess Wencheng， the niece of the powerful Chinese emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.In the 17th century， the Palace 30. （rebuild） and then became one of the top ten famous ancient buildings in China.
The building， with 31. total area of 410，000 square meters， including 130，000 sqm of floor area， is known as the “holy palace of the plateau”.Thirteen 32. （story） — containing 999 rooms — soar skywards for 115 meters from the top of Red Hill.
The palace has a collection of countless treasures.In 1961， The Potala Palace was among the first buildings 33. （include） in a national list of key cultural relics conservation units 34. （list） by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China.In 1994， it was listed as a world cultural heritage.On 8 August 1994， the maintenance of the Potala Palace was completed 35. the palace began to display its full charms from “the Roof of the World”.
The Potala Palace is the 36. （high） ancient palace in the world and it is regarded as a defining symbol of the Xizang Autonomous Region in China.The Potala Palace 37. （stand） for centuries as a testament for brilliant ancient Chinese architecture.Hundreds of thousands of visitors come every year to pay respect to this grand palace and 38. it represents.
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
基础知识自测
维度一
1.is being rebuilt 2.are being hunted 3.are being shown
4.is being built 5.are being held 6.is being repaired
7.are being transported 8.is being destroyed
维度二
1.is being questioned 2.is under repair 3.being held
4.is still in use 5.is being painted
维度三
1.is being held in our school 2.are being taken 3.is being held
4.are being transported
维度四
1.are being caught 2.are being sold 3.are being killed
4.is being destroyed 5.are being covered
6.is being polluted
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在鲨鱼的帮助下，科学家们发现了世界上已知的最大的海草草地。
1.C 段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段主要说明了海草草地的各种好处，包括净化海水、为海洋动物提供食物和栖息地，以及对抗气候变化等。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第五、六段可知，科学家的操作流程为：捕捉鲨鱼、在鲨鱼身上安装摄像头、放掉鲨鱼、鲨鱼协助拍摄、摄像头自动脱落漂到水面、科学家收集摄像头。
3.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，科学家最后得到的结果是：发现了比之前预估多出40%的海草草地！这自然是“意外的惊喜”。
4.C 标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要告诉我们：在鲨鱼的帮助下，科学家们发现了世界上已知的最大的海草草地。因此C项最适合作本文标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Margaret Southern是一名从事特殊护理的教师，她非常热爱动物，去世后将自己一半的遗产捐给了保护动物的公益机构。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Margaret Southern要求Mike Shain在自己离世后照顾她的小狗。
6.B 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Margaret Southern非常关爱动物，尤其是那些无家可归的动物并把她一半的遗产捐给了Greenville Humane Society这一机构。由此判断，该机构是保护动物的。
7.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，Bob Morris 的话主要赞扬了Margaret Southern的所作所为及高尚人格。
8.D 段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，本段主要讲述了做好事（包括从事志愿者活动以及捐款等）所带来的好处。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料垃圾堆积成海，我们应当提高环保意识，改变现状。
9.D 根据上文We’ve been producing plastic in huge quantities.Drinking bottles， shopping bags and even clothes are made with plastic.可知，我们在制造大量的塑料，生活在一个充满塑料的世界；结合下文What happens to all the rest？可知，设空处应承上启下。故D项（我们生活在一个充满塑料的世界，只有一小部分塑料被回收）符合语境。
10.A 根据上下文语境可推断，在印度洋上发现大量的塑料垃圾促使他们去到更多被影响的地方。故A项（这使得他们到世界各地去观察其他受影响的地区）符合语境，A项中的This指代上文提到的the shocking discovery of a huge， thick layer of plastic floating in the Indian Ocean。
11.G 根据上下文语境可知，前后内容“美好的景色”与“倒进海里的垃圾”形成对比。故G项（这些与倾倒的塑料垃圾形成对比）符合语境，G项中的These指代上文提到的美丽镜头。
12.E 上一段提到这部电影展现出了大量的垃圾倒进海里的消极一面，结合下文 In the second half， the filmmakers look at what we can do to deal with the problem.可知，这部电影不仅仅是展示了消极的方面，还展示了如何解决问题。故E项（但是这部电影不只呈现了消极的一面）符合语境。
13.B 根据上文We make a shocking amount of plastic.和The results are disastrous， but it isn’t too late to change.可知，我们制造了太多的塑料垃圾，结果将会是灾难性的，但现在改变还不算太晚。故B项（一旦你看过这部电影，你就会意识到是我们该行动的时候了）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。虽然Than Singh童年时期很贫穷，但是他一直记得学习的重要性。他通过努力实现了自己当警察的梦想，并去帮助其他贫困儿童。
14.D 根据上文a poverty-stricken childhood和下文by growing on the streets and selling corn可推知，此处是描述童年贫穷的具体情况。固定短语be marked by意为“以……为特征”。
15.B 根据上文Despite his daily struggles可知，此处是让步关系，表示虽然每天在艰难挣扎，但Singh从没有忘记学习的重要性。
16.D 根据语境可知，此处是因果关系，表示他非常努力，成功地通过了德里的警察考试，实现了当警察的梦想。
17.A 参见上题解析。
18.C 根据上文Than Singh is a Delhi police officer.可知，Singh是一名警官，因此是在街上巡逻。
19.C 根据下文on streets和wasting away their childhood可推知，这些孩子是在街上闲逛，浪费了童年。
20.A 根据上文wasting away their childhood可知，Singh注意到这些孩子是在浪费他们的童年，因此意识到帮助他们的必要性。
21.C 根据上文Singh realised ...可知，Singh是在认识到这件事后开始行动的。realisation和上文的realised相呼应。
22.B 根据上文He taught those children for free after work and developed good behaviour among them through education.可知，Singh下班后免费教这些孩子，这所学校是公益性质的。由此可推知，社会的各种捐赠可以帮助学校顺利地运行。
23.C 根据上文可知，Singh建立了这所学校；再结合下文the students’ basic needs可推知，作为建立者的Singh会设法满足学生们的基本需求。
24.A 根据下文many people join him in helping可知，此处进一步描述学校得到的帮助。besides意为“此外”。
25.D 根据上文Some local drivers可推知，这些当地司机提供的帮助是送孩子们回家。固定短语give sb a ride意为“让某人搭便车”。
26.B 根据上文17 students和下文the government-run schools， 10 of whom scored the highest in their class可推知，17名学生是在Singh建立的学校接受教育后，上了公立学校，其中一些成绩优异。固定短语attend school意为“上学”。
27.D 根据上文描述的Singh建立学校、免费教当地的孩子、设法满足他们的需求可知，此处指由于他的努力。
28.B 根据上文many children’s lives have been reshaped可知，许多孩子的生活被改变了，因此Singh所说的是“产生影响”。固定短语make a difference意为“产生影响，造成不同”。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中国闻名于世界的十大古建筑之一——布达拉宫。
29.originally 考查词形转换。本空后面是谓语动词built，因此这里应用副词来修饰它。
30.was rebuilt 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句时间状语为In the 17th century，且表示“布达拉宫被重建”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。
31.a 考查冠词。在说明某地的面积时，通常的说法是 ...is ... in area或 ...has an area of ...，因此这里应用不定冠词a。
32.stories 考查名词复数。这里story表示“楼层”，是一个可数名词，根据语境可知应用复数形式。
33.to be included 考查非谓语动词。“the first＋名词”后面通常用动词不定式作后置定语，由于这里表示被动概念，因此用动词不定式的被动式。
34.listed 考查非谓语动词。这里表示“被列入”，因此用过去分词作后置定语。
35.and 考查连词。the maintenance of the Potala Palace was completed与the palace began to display its full charms from “the Roof of the World”是两个意义并列的分句，因此用并列连词and。
36.highest 考查形容词的最高级。根据本空前的定冠词the与后面的介词短语in the world可知，这里应用形容词的最高级形式。
37.has stood 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句时间状语为for centuries，根据语境可知应用现在完成时。
38.what 考查宾语从句。本空前面的pay respect to是一个动词短语，and前的this grand palace是一个宾语，and后面的what it represents是一个宾语从句， what在从句中作宾语。
6 / 6Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
现在进行时的被动语态
1.Much is being done to protect wildlife， but if we really want to save the planet， we must change our way of life.
2.These large animals are being killed illegally for their body parts that are considered valuable.
3.Billions of trees are being cut down every year to make paper for humans.
4.In this way a lot of animal homes are being destroyed！
【我的发现】
以上句子中的黑体部分为 ，其构成形式为“ ”。
一、含义
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，主语是动作的承受者。
二、结构
肯定式 be （am/is/are）＋being done
否定式 be （am/is/are）＋not＋being done
一般疑问式 be （am/is/are）＋主语＋being done
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋be （am/is/are）＋主语＋being done
Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.
这些天许多有趣的实验正在进行着。
It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now.
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
The two-week art exhibition is being held in our gym.
为期两周的艺术展正在我们的体育馆举办。
→Is the two-week art exhibition being held in our gym？ （一般疑问句）
→Where is the two-week art exhibition being held？ （特殊疑问句）
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①An exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings （hold） by our school now， which will promote a growing love for traditional art.
②My car （repair） in the garage this week， so I have to take the subway to go home.
③ for the coming English speech contest？
谁正在为了即将到来的英语演讲比赛接受训练？
三、用法
1.表示说话时正在进行的被动动作，常与now、 at the moment、 look等词连用。
Look！ The goods are being delivered by these smart robots.
看！这些货物正由这些智能机器人运送。
2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生。
Forests are being cut down to make way for crops or farm animals， especially in less developed countries.
森林砍伐是为了种植庄稼或饲养家畜，特别是在欠发达国家。
3.表示按计划主语将要承受的某个动作。
A Christmas party is being held tonight.
今晚将要举行一场圣诞晚会。
4.表示一种习惯性的被动行为，常与always、 often、 constantly等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
Although Tom is an average student， he is always being praised by his teacher for his hard work.
虽然汤姆是一名普通的学生，但他总是因为努力学习而受到老师的表扬。
5.与某些情态动词连用，表示推测。
—Do you know what Smith is doing？
—He is ill.He may be being examined by the doctor.
——你知道史密斯在做什么吗？
——他生病了。他可能正在接受医生的检查。
【即时演练2】 单句语法填空
①For most of the students in my class， the grammar which （learn） now is easy to master.
②The young player has made great progress recently and is always （praise） by his coach.
③Their washing machine （repair） this week， so they have to wash their clothes by hand.
④The question about where the factory is going to be built （discuss） at the moment.
四、使用现在进行时的被动语态时应注意的问题
1.在现在进行时的被动语态中，be（am/is/are）为第一助动词，being为第二助动词，缺一不可，且位置不可互换。
The report is being written by one of the best students.
报告正由最好的学生之一写着。
2.take care of、 look after、 talk about、 think of等动词与介词构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时，其中的介词不可省略。
The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about.
阻止非法捕猎的方法正在讨论中。
3.“be （am/is/are）＋under/in＋名词”有时可相当于现在进行时的被动语态。
The bridge is under construction.
＝The bridge is being constructed.
那座桥正在建设中。
4.一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在的动词，如stay、 love、 have、 want等，一般不用于进行时，因而也没有进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态，表示此刻或目前主语正承受的动作。
The runaway of the traffic accident is wanted by the police.
这起交通事故的逃逸者正在被警方通缉。
【即时演练3】 单句语法填空
① Some trees （plant） on the hill at present.
②I feel very puzzled that the goods in our shop （steal）.
③The ocean （pollute） by a lot of rubbish that causes animals’ deaths.
④My digital camera （repair）， so I can’t use it now.
⑤Nowadays science and technology （develop） so rapidly that people can hardly catch up with its pace.
reduce vt.减少
【教材原句】 It is reported that living spaces for wildlife are being reduced due to the cutting of trees.
据报道，由于砍伐树木，野生动物的生存空间正在减少。
【用法】
（1）reduce
reduce ...to （doing） sth 使……沦落为某物
（2）reduction n.减少；缩小【佳句】 The number of this kind of tigers has been reduced to less than 1，000， so let’s call on people to take measures to stop them from dying out.这种老虎的数量已经减少到不足1，000只，因此， 让我们呼吁人们采取措施阻止它们灭绝。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①By taking exercise every day， I have reduced my weight from 65 kilos 50 kilos.
②The cultural relic （reduce） to ruins，which made us sad.
【写美】 完成句子
③In my everyday life， I my carbon footprints on the planet.
在日常生活中，我努力减少在地球上的碳足迹。
due adj.由于；因为
【用法】
due to 因为；由于
be due to do sth 预定/计划做某事
be due to sb 应支付给某人；应归于某人
【佳句】 Due to the rapid development of technology， online learning has become more and more popular.
由于技术的快速发展，在线学习变得越来越流行。
【点津】 表示“由于；因为”的短语还有because of、 owing to、 thanks to等。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①My final success is due my mother， who always supports and encourages me.
【写美】 完成句子
②I have made progress in my spoken English and my success ， so I can’t thank her enough.
由于我的英语老师的慷慨帮助，我在英语口语方面取得了进步，我的成功归功于她的帮助，所以我怎么感谢她都不为过。
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
现在进行时的被动语态 be（am/is/are）＋being＋过去分词
即时演练1
①is being held ②is being repaired ③Who is being trained
即时演练2
①is being learned ②being praised ③is being repaired
④is being discussed
即时演练3
①are being planted ②are being stolen ③is being polluted ④is being repaired ⑤is developing
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①to ②was reduced ③spare no effort to reduce
2.①to ②due to my English teacher’s generous help； is due to her help
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