Unit 6 Earth and Its Neighbors 话题词汇巩固(三步学习法短文篇)(含答案)2025-2026学年仁爱科普版(2024)八年级英语上册

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名称 Unit 6 Earth and Its Neighbors 话题词汇巩固(三步学习法短文篇)(含答案)2025-2026学年仁爱科普版(2024)八年级英语上册
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2025-2026 学年仁爱英语八上 Unit6 话题词汇巩固(三步学习法 短文篇)
Step 1 复习单词
类别 单词(含音标) 词义 自我检测(□ 熟练 □ 需记)
宇宙天体 universe / ju n v s/ ; / ju n v rs/ n. 宇宙 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
rocket / r k t/ ; / rɑ k t/ n. 火箭 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
satellite / s t la t/ n. 卫星;人造卫星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
asteroid / st r d/ n. 小行星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
Mercury / m kj ri/ ; / m rkj ri/ n. 水星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
Venus / vi n s/ n. 金星;太白星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
Mars /mɑ z/ ; /mɑ rz/ n. 火星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
Jupiter / d u p t (r)/ n. 木星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
Saturn / s t n/ ; / s t rn/ n. 土星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
Uranus / j r n s/ ; / j r n s/ n. 天王星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
Neptune / neptju n/ n. 海王星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
comet / k m t/ ; / kɑ m t/ n. 彗星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
Pluto / plu t / n. 冥王星 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
天文相关 solar / s l (r)/ adj. 太阳的;太阳能的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
telescope / tel sk p/ n. 望远镜 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
diameter /da m t (r)/ n. 直径 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
belt /belt/ n. 环形地带;腰带 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
exploration / ekspl re n/ n. 探索;勘探 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
distance / d st ns/ n. 距离 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
描述性词汇 man - made / m n me d/ adj. 人造的;非天然的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
inner / n (r)/ adj. 接近中心的;内部的;内心的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
outer / a t (r)/ adj. 外围的,远离中心的;外边的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
similar / s m l (r)/ adj. 相仿的;类似的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
bright /bra t/ adj. 明亮的;光线充足的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
low /l / adj. 低的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
strange /stre nd / adj. 奇怪的;奇特的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
common / k m n/ ; / kɑ m n/ n. 公地 ;adj. 共有的,共同的;普遍的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
动作行为 separate / sep re t/ v. (使) 分开;划分 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
appear / p (r)/ ; / p r/ v. 出现,呈现,显现;显得 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
include / n klu d/ v. 包括;包含 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
survive /s va v/ ; /s r va v/ v. 生存;存活;幸存 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
rise /ra z/ v. 升起;上升 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
publish / p bl / v. (使) 发表;出版 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
prove /pru v/ v. 证明;证实 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
freeze /fri z/ v. (使) 冻结,结冰 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
抽象概念与其他 beyond /b j nd/ ; /b jɑ nd/ adv. 在另一边;在 (或向) 更远处 ;prep. 在 (或向)…… 较远的一边;除…… 之外 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
object / bd kt/ ; / ɑ bd kt/ n. 物体;对象;目标;宾语 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
warmth /w mθ/ ; /w rmθ/ n. 温暖,暖和;热情 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
surface / s f s/ ; / s rf s/ n. 表面;表层 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
degree /d ɡri / n. 度,度数;学位 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
electricity / lek tr s ti/ n. 电;电能 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
heat /hi t/ n. 热量;热,高温 ;v. 加热;变热 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
spoon /spu n/ n. 勺;匙 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
ha /hɑ / n. 哈哈 (笑) (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
daytime / de ta m/ n. 白天;日间 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
rock /r k/ ; /rɑ k/ n. 岩石;摇滚乐 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
inside / n sa d/ adv. 在 (或向) 里面 ;prep. 在 (或向)…… 里 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
least /li st/ adv. 最少;最小 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
power / pa (r)/ n. 能量;控制力,影响力;电力供应 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
mainly / me nli/ adv. 主要地;首要地 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
neither / na (r)/ ; / ni r/ adv. 也不 ;det., pron. 两者都不 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
nor /n (r)/ conj., adv. 也不 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
might /ma t/ modal v. 可能 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
alive / la v/ adj. 活着;在世 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
responsibility /r sp ns b l ti/ ; /r spɑ ns b l ti/ n. 责任;负责 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
related /r le t d/ adj. 相关的;有联系的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
ill / l/ adj. (便) 充满 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
due /dju / ; /du / adj. 由于;因为 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
death /deθ/ n. 死;死亡 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
known /n n/ adj. 知名的,出名的 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
rainfall / re nf l/ n. 降雨量;下雨 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
born /b n/ ; /b rn/ v. 出生 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
snowball / sn b l/ n. 雪球 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
although / l / conj. 虽然;尽管;即便 (□ 熟练 □ 需记)
Step 2 短文阅读与练习
A 篇 The Solar System
The solar system is a fascinating part of the universe. It includes the sun and eight planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Pluto, once considered a planet, is now classified as a dwarf planet.
Each planet has its own unique features. Mercury is the closest to the sun and has extreme temperature changes, with daytime temperatures reaching high degrees Celsius and dropping to minus degrees at night. Venus is similar to Earth in size but has a thick atmosphere. Mars, known as the red planet, has valleys and rocks on its surface.
Jupiter is the largest planet, with a thick atmosphere and many moons. Saturn is famous for its beautiful rings made of ice and rock. Man - made satellites and rockets have been sent to explore these planets, helping us learn more about the solar system.
练习题
1.选择题
(1)How many planets are there in the solar system now ( )
A. 8 B. 9 C. 10 D. 7
(2)Which planet is known as the red planet ( )
A. Venus B. Mars C. Jupiter D. Saturn
2.填空题
(1)Pluto, once considered a planet, is now classified as a ______ planet.
(2)Saturn is famous for its beautiful ______ made of ice and rock.
3.回答问题
(1)What is the largest planet in the solar system
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
(2)Why have man - made satellites and rockets been sent to explore the planets
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
B 篇 Space Exploration
Space exploration has always been a topic of great interest. Scientists use telescopes to observe distant objects in the universe, such as asteroids and comets. Rockets carry satellites and astronauts beyond Earth's atmosphere to gather information.
The universe is full of mysteries. We wonder if there are other living beings beyond our planet. Some planets are too cold, with temperatures so low that water freezes, making it hard for life to survive. Others are too hot, with no water at all.
Exploring space is not only exciting but also has many benefits. It helps us understand our own planet better and develop new technologies. However, it also comes with great responsibility to protect the universe and avoid leaving space junk.
练习题
1.判断正误题
(1)Space exploration is not interesting to people. ( )
(2)Exploring space can help us develop new technologies. ( )
2.词义猜测题
(1)The word “observe” in “Scientists use telescopes to observe distant objects in the universe” probably means ________________.
(2)The underlined word “junk” in “avoid leaving space junk” means __________________.
3.综合应用题
(1)What difficulties do some planets have for life to survive according to the passage
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
(2)What do you think are the benefits of space exploration Please share your ideas.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Step 3 中英互译
中文句子 英文翻译
1. 太阳系是宇宙中一个迷人的部分。 ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
2. 太空探索一直是一个备受关注的话题。 ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
3. 每个行星都有其独特的特征。 ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
4. 科学家们用望远镜观察宇宙中遥远的天体,如小行星和彗星。 ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
5. 木星是最大的行星,有浓厚的大气层和许多卫星。 ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
6. 宇宙充满了奥秘。 ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
7. 人造卫星和火箭已被派去探索这些行星,帮助我们更多地了解太阳系。 ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
8. 探索太空不仅令人兴奋,还有很多好处。 ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
9. 水星离太阳最近,温度变化极大,白天温度达到很高的摄氏度,晚上则降至零下。 ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
10. 然而,这也伴随着保护宇宙和避免留下太空垃圾的重大责任。 ____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
答案
A 篇 The Solar System
1.选择题
(1)A
(2)B
2.填空题
(1)dwarf
(2)rings
3.回答问题
(1)Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system.
(2)To help us learn more about the solar system.
B 篇 Space Exploration
1.判断正误题
(1)F
(2)T
2.词义猜测题
(1)观察;观测(意思相近即可,如 watch carefully for a period of time)
(2)垃圾;废弃物(意思相近即可,如 things that are no longer needed or wanted)
3.综合应用题
(1)Some planets are too cold, with temperatures so low that water freezes, making it hard for life to survive. Others are too hot, with no water at all.
(2)示例:Space exploration can help us understand our own planet better, develop new technologies, and maybe find new resources. It also satisfies our curiosity about the universe.(此示例仅供参考,学生可结合自身实际情况作答)
中英互译答案
1.The solar system is a fascinating part of the universe.
2.Space exploration has always been a topic of great interest.
3.Each planet has its own unique features.
4.Scientists use telescopes to observe distant objects in the universe, such as asteroids and comets.
5.Jupiter is the largest planet, with a thick atmosphere and many moons.
6.The universe is full of mysteries.
7.Man - made satellites and rockets have been sent to explore these planets, helping us learn more about the solar system.
8.Exploring space is not only exciting but also has many benefits.
9.Mercury is the closest to the sun and has extreme temperature changes, with daytime temperatures reaching high degrees Celsius and dropping to minus degrees at night.
10.However, it also comes with great responsibility to protect the universe and avoid leaving space junk.
加强巩固:短文翻译
A 篇 太阳系
太阳系是宇宙中一个迷人的部分。它包括太阳和八大行星:水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、天王星和海王星。冥王星曾经被认为是一颗行星,现在被归类为矮行星。
每个行星都有其独特的特征。水星离太阳最近,温度变化极大,白天温度达到很高的摄氏度,晚上则降至零下。金星在大小上与地球相似,但有浓厚的大气层。火星被称为红色星球,其表面有山谷和岩石。
木星是最大的行星,有浓厚的大气层和许多卫星。土星以其由冰和岩石构成的美丽光环而闻名。人造卫星和火箭已被派去探索这些行星,帮助我们更多地了解太阳系。
B 篇 太空探索
太空探索一直是一个备受关注的话题。科学家们用望远镜观察宇宙中遥远的天体,如小行星和彗星。火箭携带卫星和宇航员超越地球大气层去收集信息。
宇宙充满了奥秘。我们想知道在我们的星球之外是否还有其他生物。有些行星太冷,温度低到水都结冰了,使生命难以存活。另一些则太热,根本没有水。
探索太空不仅令人兴奋,还有很多好处。它帮助我们更好地了解自己的星球,并开发新技术。然而,这也伴随着保护宇宙和避免留下太空垃圾的重大责任。
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