Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
维度一：基础题型练
1. （learn） English as a second language can be a challenge， but it can also bring a lot of advantages.
2. （have） breakfast can help you to concentrate in class and study more efficiently.
3. （attract） more foreign visitors to China to experience Chinese culture will have a far-reaching influence.
4. （stay） away from junk food and eating healthy food like vegetables and fruit will benefit you.
5. （improve） your English is the most urgent thing at present.
6.His （admit） to that famous university surprised us all， for he was absent from school for a whole year.
7. （educate） in Peking University is the dream of many students.
8.Of course， （enjoy） a nice meal with friends can have a great effect on our spirits.
9.In our daily lives， （adopt） a positive attitude is very important for us.
10.It is no use （advocate） such a life in a remote village.
11.Since then， （find） superb ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
12. （ban） from going outside made me live a miserable life.
13.It’s fun （spend） the holiday in this entertaining theme park.
14.It is well worth （cycle） along the route，which will reward you with breathtaking scenery.
15.It is important for us （use） artificial intelligence in a proper way.
维度二：语法与写作
1.我哥哥弹吉他使我无法专心学习。
makes me fail to get down to studying.
2.了解一些唐朝历史有助于你更好地理解唐诗。
the Tang Dynasty’s history can help you have a better understanding of Tang poetry.
3.他到火车站接我并开车把我送回家，他真是太好了。
and drive me to my home.
4.她被清华大学录取，使她的父母欣喜若狂。
made her parents went wild with joy.
5.试图说服他改变主意是浪费时间。
It’s a waste of time .
6.在乡下长大使威尔森先生很勤奋。
in the countryside made Mr Wilson very hard-working.
7.考试失败使他们都很失望。
made them all disappointed.
8.每天用英语写日记是一种提高书面英语的好方法。
is a good way to improve written English.
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
Tom spent most of his time 1. （search） for information on the Internet each day， which made his parents worried.In his father’s opinion，2. （sit） in front of a computer did great harm to his son’s health.However，he found that it was no use 3. （advise） Tom to spend less time on the Internet， for he wouldn’t listen.Tom told his parents that that was what his job required.His mother wanted him 4. （change） his job，but Tom said that he was fond of it and 5. （stay） up late had become his habit.
In my opinion， it is not wise 6. （spend） too much time on the Internet.7. （have） a break regularly will be of great help while working at the computer.In addition， 8. （set） aside some time to relax is also very important.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·山东六校高二下学期联考）Sisters Gipsy and Gelssy Rodriguez of Anaheim， California， are the social media powerhouses behind their parents’ popular quincea era dress shop， Moda2000.
The store boasts more than 3.3 million followers on TikTok， 200，000 followers on Instagram and even has its own YouTube TV show， “Quince Empire”.
In 2015， social media was gaining popularity and the sisters saw this as an opportunity to help get the word out about Moda2000.Gipsy and Gelssy Rodriguez taught themselves about social media strategy on the fly， and decided to post videos of their clothes first to YouTube and Instagram， and eventually to TikTok.
“We kind of just posted a video not knowing what was going to happen，” Gipsy Rodriguez said.“TikTok was new at the time ... and we posted and we went to dinner that night and our phones were just blowing up.”
Their first TikTok — which now has 1.4 million likes — drove 10，000 followers to their newly-created account overnight， they said.Going viral changed their business in ways the Rodriguez family could never have imagined.“It’s just so crazy，” Gipsy Rodriguez said.“Now we’re getting those clients that have been following us and watching our videos since they were little girls ... I think it’s so beautiful that they get to grow up with us.”
While their parents are still very involved in the store， Gipsy and Gelssy Rodriguez， who now serve as the brand’s creative director and store’s operations director， respectively， are slowly taking over the reins.
For the whole family， Moda2000’s growth has felt representative of the “American Dream”.“My parents literally started with $0 from anybody else， and to this day， we haven’t taken any outside capital or anything like that，” Gelssy Rodriguez said.“And not only did they make such a successful business， but they also made an impact within the industry that we are in and we’ve become industry leaders.”
1.What did Gipsy and Gelssy Rodriguez do in 2015？
A.They met with failure.
B.They set up an online shop.
C.They seized a chance.
D.They started their business.
2.What do we know about Gipsy and Gelssy Rodriguez’s first TikTok？
A.It was a great success.
B.It attracted little attention.
C.It disappointed their parents.
D.It focused on their personal images.
3.What does the underlined phrase “taking over the reins” in Paragraph 6 mean？
A.Taking care of something.
B.Taking hold of something.
C.Taking charge of something.
D.Taking advantage of something.
4.What’s Gelssy Rodriguez’s attitude to her parents？
A.Grateful. B.Worried.
C.Confused. D.Proud.
B
（2024·杭州高二上学期期末考试）Urban rewilding projects are attracting nature back into our cities， from creating city butterfly grasslands to building unlikely homes for deadly birds.The middle of London’s busy West End doesn’t seem like the likeliest location for one of the UK’s rarest birds.There are only approximately 20－40 breeding （繁殖） pairs of black redstarts in the country.But in recent years， without being artificially introduced into the area， this rare bird has started to make a home in this crowded part of Central London.
The black redstart isn’t the only unexpected species of wildlife to start living in urban landscapes.Moths， butterflies， woodpeckers and even serotine bats， more commonly found in the countryside， have also been on the rise in this part of London.These changes are the result of increasing efforts to transform urban areas from wildlife dead-spots into attractive， practical homes for nature alongside citizens.One new initiative is even trying to get offices to keep bees.
Urban rewilding initiatives often have multiple levels of benefit — greener spaces not only make people happier， but they also help solve water drainage （排水） problems and prevent flooding， as well as providing a home for bees and other animals.But perhaps one of their most valuable features is to make us feel more connected with nature and be more aware of our relationship with the environment.
The long game is not just to build green compromises into existing city areas， but to shift what development looks like in a city.Until recent years， urbanisation has meant turning green areas grey with the concrete， asphalt and glass of traditional buildings.That transformation has unsurprisingly ended up being bad for our mental well-being， physical health， environment， ecosystems and wildlife.
Rewilding is one way to completely change that process： prioritizing （按重要性排列） plants and animals first， and paving the way for the benefits to our health， well-being and the urban environment that follow.
5.Why are black redstarts referred to in Paragraph 1？
A.To stress the importance of rare birds.
B.To show urban rewilding has paid off.
C.To suggest their love for living downtown.
D.To prove man lives in harmony with nature.
6.What can be learnt about serotine bats？
A.Their homes have completely changed.
B.People build more homes for them.
C.Their population is increasing in cities.
D.They are uncommon in urban areas.
7.What is the author’s attitude to urbanisation？
A.Critical. B.Approving.
C.Ambiguous. D.Objective.
8.What is the best title for the text？
A.Wildlife Is Coming Back to Cities
B.Urban Rewilding Benefits Both Man and Wildlife
C.Man Is Making Efforts to Project Wild Animals
D.We Need More Urban Rewilding Projects for Nature
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·临汾高二下学期质检）If you want to improve your relationship with Mom or Dad， try listening to them， just like you would listen to a friend.
Now， it may seem kind of strange to treat your parents as if they were normal people and all， but it’s worth trying.We’re always saying to our parents， “ 9 ” But have you ever stopped to consider that maybe you don’t understand them？
They have pressures， too， you know？ While you’re worrying about your friends and your upcoming history test， they’re worrying about their bosses and how they’re going to pay for your education.Like you， sometimes they get offended at work and go in the restroom to cry. 10 Your mom may have too much work stress to just sit down and relax at night.Your dad may get laughed at by the neighbours because of the car he drives.They may have unfulfilled dreams they’ve had to sacrifice so that you can reach yours. 11 They laugh， they cry， they get their feelings hurt， and they don’t always have their act together， just like me and you.
12 Firstly， you’ll gain a greater respect for them.Secondly， if you take time to understand your parents， you’ll get your way much more often.If they feel that you understand them， they’ll be way more willing to listen to you， they’ll be more flexible， and they’ll trust you more.
13 Start by asking them some questions.When’s the last time you asked your mom or dad， “How was your day today？” or “Tell me what you like and don’t like about your job” or “Is there anything I could do to help around the house？”
A.You don’t understand me.
B.Hey， parents are people， too.
C.It’s important to get on well with your parents.
D.So how can you better understand your parents？
E.Jump into their shoes and think from their point of view.
F.They have days when they don’t know how they will pay the bills.
G.If you take time to listen to your parents， two incredible things will happen.
9. 10. 11.
12. 13.
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2024·贵阳高二上学期期末考试）In 2005， a sheep herder （牧羊人） named Sanu Sherpa in a remote village of Nepal’s eastern mountain region came to Kathmandu.
Sanu Sherpa had 14 of making a good life in Kathmandu.At the same time， he also had a 15 to become a climbing guide， a high-paid and respected 16 that many of his peers would have thought of 17 .He initially worked as a porter.In 2006， Sanu became a mountaineer after 18 climbing Cho Oyu （8，012 m） in his first 19 .After 17 years， Sanu has set a new world record in mountaineering history.
The 47-year-old Sherpa became the first climber in the world to 20 the planet’s 14 highest mountains， not once， but twice — a feat that no other climber has 21 .
Sanu’s journey from a remote village to Kathmandu has its own adventures.The 22 fact was that over the years many Sherpas have died while 23 foreigners up to the peaks.But since Sherpas used to make 24 earnings by guiding foreign climbers to Nepal’s countless peaks， mountain guides were in great 25 .
“A climbing Sherpa in a remote village used to be a hero.That 26 my father too.Good income， good clothes and good food，” said Nang Norbu， Sanu’s son.
But for Nang Norbu， it is still undecided whether he will 27 in his father’s footsteps.“Actually， my father wants me to study because mountain climbing is dangerous.He doesn’t 28 me to join his profession，” said Nang Norbu.
14. A.dreamt B.informed
C.reminded D.spoken
15. A.goal B.task
C.duty D.chance
16. A.title B.job
C.field D.honour
17. A.reaching B.exploring
C.discovering D.pursuing
18. A.gradually B.constantly
C.successfully D.occasionally
19. A.stage B.attempt
C.section D.contest
20. A.challenge B.experience
C.conquer D.resolve
21. A.achieved B.realised
C.imagined D.predicted
22. A.sad B.interesting
C.strange D.important
23. A.asking B.guiding
C.inviting D.pushing
24. A.average B.common
C.high D.regular
25. A.demand B.order
C.condition D.status
26. A.changed B.improved
C.persuaded D.attracted
27. A.chase B.imitate C.follow D.catch
28. A.force B.forbid C.request D.encourage
Ⅳ.语法填空
The Zhagana village in Gansu Province， 29 （name） Best Tourism Village of 2023 by the United Nations World Tourism Organization （UNWTO） on 19 October 2023.
The 30 （decide） was announced at the 25th session of the UNWTO General Assembly in Samarkand， Uzbekistan.The village has also been designated （命名） as a globally important agricultural and cultural heritage site by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Zhagana， which 31 （mean） “stone box” in the local language， is located at an altitude of 3，000 to 3，300 meters and is surrounded by mountains， with the 32 （high） peak reaching 4，500 meters.The high mountains and Xizang-style houses constitute a “grand stone palace” or an ancient city 33 （construct） by natural rock walls.
It has changed from a closed mountainous village to a scenic spot 34 tourists can enjoy a slow and leisurely life.
China now has eight 35 （village） on the list， more than any other country in the world.The World Tourism Organization is the United Nations agency responsible 36 the promotion of responsible， sustainable and universally accessible tourism.The UNWTO began the selection of the “Best Tourism Villages” in 2021.This year， 63 countries submitted 258 applications， 37 （result） in the inclusion of 54 villages from 32 countries.
“Tourism can be 38 powerful force for inclusivity， empowering local communities and distributing benefits across regions，” emphasizes UNWTO Secretary-General Zurab Pololikashvili.
29. 30. 31.
32. 33. 34.
35. 36. 37.
38.
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.Learning 2.Having 3.Attracting 4.Staying 5.To improve
6.being admitted 7.Being educated 8.enjoying
9.adopting 10.advocating 11.finding 12.Being banned 13.spending 14.cycling 15.to use
维度二
1.My brother’s playing the guitar
2.Knowing a little about
3.It’s kind of him to meet me at the railway station
4.Her being admitted to Tsinghua University
5.trying to persuade him to change his mind
6.Being brought up
7.Their failing in the examination
8.Keeping a diary in English every day
维度三
1.searching 2.sitting 3.advising 4.to change 5.staying
6.to spend 7.Having 8.setting
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。来自美国加利福尼亚的Gipsy和Gelssy Rodriguez姐妹二人，借助抖音等社交媒体来为她们父母的服装店做宣传，获得了巨大的成功。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，2015年社交媒体开始流行起来，Gipsy和Gelssy Rodriguez姐妹二人以敏锐的眼光抓住了这个机会，来为她们父母的服装店做宣传。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Gipsy和Gelssy Rodriguez姐妹二人的第一条抖音视频一夜之间就吸引了1万粉丝，至今获得140万个点赞。
3.C 词义猜测题。上句指出“虽然她们的父母现在还参与服装店的经营，但Gipsy和Gelssy Rodriguez姐妹二人现在分别担任品牌创意总监和门店运营总监”，这暗示姐妹二人已经开始掌管服装店了。
4.D 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，Gelssy Rodriguez认为，自己的父母白手起家创建了服装店Moda2000，如今它已成了行业领袖。显然她对父母所取得的成就很自豪。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。城市再野生化项目的受惠者只是野生动物吗？文章介绍了城市再野生化的诸多益处。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的But in recent years ...in this crowded part of Central London.可推知，提到黑色红尾鸲是为了证明城市再野生化项目有了效果，这种稀有鸟类“不请自来”。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Moths， butterflies， woodpeckers and even serotine bats ...on the rise in this part of London.可知，这种蝙蝠在伦敦的数量在上升。
7.A 观点态度题。根据第四段中的Until recent years ...physical health， environment， ecosystems and wildlife.可知，作者提到了城市化的坏处，由此可推断，作者对城市化的态度应是批判的。
8.B 标题归纳题。文章前两段讲述的是城市再野生化对野生动物的好处，第三、四段提到了城市再野生化对人类的好处，最后一段再次强调优先考虑植物和动物，这样做能为我们的健康、福祉以及城市环境带来好处。由此可知，本文主要讲述的是城市再野生化惠及野生动物和人类。所以B项为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。我们常常抱怨父母不理解我们，其实，父母也需要我们的理解。作者认为，相互理解的关键是沟通和交流。
9.A 根据下句的反问（你是否考虑过你不理解自己的父母呢？）可知，A项符合语境。
10.F 根据上下文可知，本段主要说明父母的种种艰辛和不容易，因此F项符合语境。
11.B 上下文都在描述我们的父母在现实生活中面临的各种艰难，因此B项承上启下，符合语境。
12.G 本段说明了聆听和理解父母带来的两个好处，因此G项适合作为本段的主旨句。
13.D 下文具体说明我们应该如何与父母进行沟通和交流，因此D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sanu Sherpa是一名来自尼泊尔的牧羊人，可是，他通过自身的努力创造了第二次攀登世界上14 座海拔超过8，000米山峰的世界纪录。
14.A 来自偏远乡村的Sanu Sherpa到首都加德满都显然是为了追求自己的梦想。
15.A 下文提到的become a climbing guide是他的一个努力目标。
16.B 空前的a high-paid and respected暗示这里应该填入job一词。
17.D 既然是高薪且受人尊敬的工作，自然是很多人愿意去追求。
18.C 2006年，Sanu Sherpa成功登上卓奥友峰后正式成为一名登山者。
19.B Sanu Sherpa第一次挑战卓奥友峰就成功了。attempt意为“尝试”。
20.C 这位47岁的夏尔巴人成为世界上第一位两次征服地球上14座最高山峰的登山者。
21.A 空前的feat一词意为“功绩”，可与其构成搭配的动词有accomplish， achieve， perform等。
22.A 下文提到的over the years many Sherpas have died是一件令人伤心的事实。
23.B 文章第二段提到become a climbing guide，下文也提到by guiding foreign climbers，故B项正确。
24.C 根据下文中的Good income， good clothes and good food可知，夏尔巴人从事的登山向导职业收入很高。
25.A 由于越来越多的外国人从事登山，因此登山向导的需求量很大。in great demand意为“非常需要的；受欢迎的”。
26.D 根据上下文可知，从事登山向导职业收入高且受人尊敬，因此这吸引了Nang Norbu的父亲。
27.C Nang Norbu还没有决定是否追随父亲的脚步从事登山向导职业。follow in one’s footsteps是固定短语，表示“效仿某人；以某人为榜样；步某人的后尘”。
28.D 根据上文可知，Nang Norbu的父亲希望他好好学习，并不鼓励他从事登山向导行业。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2023年10月19日，甘肃省甘南藏族自治州扎尕那村被联合国世界旅游组织命名为2023年度“最佳旅游乡村”。
29.was named 考查动词的语态。这里表示甘肃扎尕那村在2023年10月19日被联合国世界旅游组织命名为2023年度“最佳旅游乡村”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。
30.decision 考查词形转换。本空前的定冠词The暗示这里应用一个名词。
31.means 考查动词的时态。这里在解释“扎尕那”这一名字的意义，是陈述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时。
32.highest 考查形容词的最高级。本空前有定冠词the，结合语境可知应用形容词的最高级形式。
33.constructed 考查非谓语动词。本空后面有介词by，暗示这里应用过去分词作后置定语。
34.where 考查定语从句。本空前的a scenic spot是先行词，空处引导一个定语从句；从句中缺少状语，因此应用关系副词where。
35.villages 考查名词复数。本空前有eight一词，因此这里应用可数名词的复数形式。
36.for 考查介词。be responsible for是固定搭配，表示“对……负责”。
37.resulting 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知，这里需要一个非谓语动词作状语；由于这里表示主动概念，因此用动词-ing形式。
38.a 考查冠词。本空后面的关键词force为可数名词，这里应用不定冠词a。a powerful force意为“一种强大的力量”。
1 / 3Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
动词-ing形式作主语
1.Even though the sun is brightly shining， telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
2.Getting here is quite difficult， so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.
3.For hundreds of years， looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.
4.Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
【我的发现】
1.以上句子中的动词-ing形式在句中作 。
2.通过以上句子可知，动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称 形式。
一、动词-ing形式的时态和语态
语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
1.一般式
动词-ing形式的一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。
Working out regularly is beneficial to our health.
有规律地锻炼对我们的健康有益。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
2.完成式
动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
Having travelled to that beautiful city has made him want to travel there again.
去了那座美丽的城市旅游后，他想再去一次。
3.否定式
动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前面直接加not。
I’m sorry for not finishing my task on time.
抱歉，我没按时完成我的任务。
4.被动式
动词-ing形式的被动式表示该动词与句子的主语之间构成被动关系。
Being asked to do so much homework made him unhappy.
被要求做这么多家庭作业使他不高兴。
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空
① （travel） a lot is a good way to help people become knowledgeable.
② （give） a hand to those in need earned him a good reputation.
③ （misunderstand） by my teacher made me depressed.
④Firstly， （do） housework is helpful for us to be a responsible person.
⑤ （learn） to knit helped me develop my creativity and problem-solving skills.
二、动词-ing形式作主语
1.动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，通常置于句首。
Playing basketball is good for our health.
打篮球对我们的健康有好处。
Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property.
浪费一个人的时间等同于谋财害命。
名师点津
动词不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。
To lie to her is wrong.
对她撒谎是不对的。
2.动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
Helping others means helping ourselves.
帮助别人意味着帮助我们自己。
3.形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语。
此类句式常见的有：
（1）It’s a waste of time doing sth
做某事是浪费时间的
（2）It’s useful/useless/worthwhile doing sth
做某事有用/没用/是值得的
（3）It’s no good/use/fun doing sth
做某事没好处/没用/没意思
It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.
等别人替你做决定是没用的。
Most of us think it is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.
我们大多数人认为劝说这样的人加入我们是浪费时间。
4.动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语。
动词-ing形式的复合结构由“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词＋动词-ing形式”构成，名词所有格或形容词性物主代词是动词-ing形式的逻辑主语。
His getting up late in the morning made him late for class.
他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到。
【即时演练2】 单句语法填空
①It is a waste of time （try） to persuade him to give up playing computer games.
②As far as I can see， it’s no use （complain） without taking action.
③ （she） not coming back made her parents angry and sad.
prohibit vt.（尤指以法令）禁止；阻止
【教材原句】 officially or legally prohibit 官方或法律禁止
【用法】
（1）prohibit doing sth 禁止做某事
prohibit sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事
（2）prohibition n. 禁止；阻止；禁令
【佳句】 Parents should put emphasis on their children’s development and prohibit them from playing computer games.
家长应该重视孩子的发展，禁止他们玩电脑游戏。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The new regulation prohibits （smoke） in public places like restaurants， hotels， railway stations and theatres.
②The environmental group is demanding a complete （prohibit） against the hunting of whales.
③According to the Road Traffic Act， motor vehicles （prohibit） from driving in the town centre.
rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的
【教材原句】 It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad.出国留学既有挑战性又有回报。
【用法】
reward v. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
n. 奖励；回报；报酬
reward sb for （doing） sth 因（做）某事而奖励某人
in reward for 作为回报
as a reward （for） 作为（对……）的奖赏/报酬
emotional/intellectual/financial rewards感情方面的/知识方面的/财务方面的报酬
【佳句】 All the teachers and students consider the five-kilometer cross-country running race as a rewarding activity.
所有的老师和学生都认为五公里越野跑是一项有益的活动。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very （reward）.
②Her patience （reward） when she received the Nobel Prize eventually.
【写美】 一句多译
③我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。
→I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing .（reward n.）
→I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing .（reward v.）
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.主语 2.单数
即时演练1
①Travelling ②Having given ③Being misunderstood ④doing ⑤Learning
即时演练2
①trying ②complaining ③Her
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①smoking ②prohibition ③are prohibited
2.①rewarding ②was rewarded ③in reward for your generous help； to reward you for your generous help
1 / 3(共77张PPT)
Section Ⅱ
Learning About Language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
动词-ing形式作主语
1. Even though the sun is brightly shining， telling whether it is morning
or night is impossible.
2. Getting here is quite difficult， so apart from the Sami very few people
have ever seen Sarek.
3. For hundreds of years， looking after reindeer was a way of life for the
Sami.
4. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be
alive.
【我的发现】
1. 以上句子中的动词-ing形式在句中作 。
2. 通过以上句子可知，动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人
称 形式。
主语
单数
一、动词-ing形式的时态和语态
语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
1. 一般式
动词-ing形式的一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动
作或状态同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。
Working out regularly is beneficial to our health.
有规律地锻炼对我们的健康有益。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
2. 完成式
动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作
之前。
Having travelled to that beautiful city has made him want to travel
there again.
去了那座美丽的城市旅游后，他想再去一次。
3. 否定式
动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前面直接加not。
I’m sorry for not finishing my task on time.
抱歉，我没按时完成我的任务。
4. 被动式
动词-ing形式的被动式表示该动词与句子的主语之间构成被动关
系。
Being asked to do so much homework made him unhappy.
被要求做这么多家庭作业使他不高兴。
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空
① （travel） a lot is a good way to help people become
knowledgeable.
② （give） a hand to those in need earned him a good
reputation.
③ （misunderstand） by my teacher made me
depressed.
④Firstly， （do） housework is helpful for us to be a
responsible person.
⑤ （learn） to knit helped me develop my creativity and
problem-solving skills.
Travelling
Having given
Being misunderstood
doing
Learning
二、动词-ing形式作主语
1. 动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，
通常置于句首。
Playing basketball is good for our health.
打篮球对我们的健康有好处。
Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property.
浪费一个人的时间等同于谋财害命。
名师点津
动词不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。
To lie to her is wrong.
对她撒谎是不对的。
2. 动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
Helping others means helping ourselves.
帮助别人意味着帮助我们自己。
3. 形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语。
此类句式常见的有：
（1）It’s a waste of time doing sth
做某事是浪费时间的
（2）It’s useful/useless/worthwhile doing sth
做某事有用/没用/是值得的
（3）It’s no good/use/fun doing sth
做某事没好处/没用/没意思
It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.
等别人替你做决定是没用的。
Most of us think it is a waste of time persuading such a person
to join us.
我们大多数人认为劝说这样的人加入我们是浪费时间。
4. 动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语。
动词-ing形式的复合结构由“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词＋动
词-ing形式”构成，名词所有格或形容词性物主代词是动词-ing形式
的逻辑主语。
His getting up late in the morning made him late for class.
他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到。
【即时演练2】 单句语法填空
①It is a waste of time （try） to persuade him to give up
playing computer games.
②As far as I can see， it’s no use （complain） without
taking action.
③ （she） not coming back made her parents angry and sad.
trying
complaining
Her
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
prohibit vt.（尤指以法令）禁止；阻止
【教材原句】 officially or legally prohibit 官方或法律禁止
【用法】
（1）prohibit doing sth 禁止做某事
prohibit sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
（2）prohibition n. 禁止；阻止；禁令
【佳句】 Parents should put emphasis on their children’s development
and prohibit them from playing computer games.
家长应该重视孩子的发展，禁止他们玩电脑游戏。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The new regulation prohibits （smoke） in public places
like restaurants， hotels， railway stations and theatres.
②The environmental group is demanding a complete
（prohibit） against the hunting of whales.
③According to the Road Traffic Act， motor vehicles
（prohibit） from driving in the town centre.
smoking
prohibition
are prohibited
rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的
【教材原句】 It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad.出
国留学既有挑战性又有回报。
【用法】
reward v. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
n. 奖励；回报；报酬
reward sb for （doing） sth 因（做）某事而奖励某人
in reward for 作为回报
as a reward （for） 作为（对……）的奖赏/报酬
emotional/intellectual/financial rewards感情方面的/知识方面的/财务方
面的报酬
【佳句】 All the teachers and students consider the five-kilometer cross-
country running race as a rewarding activity.
所有的老师和学生都认为五公里越野跑是一项有益的活动。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Learning about the requirements of each plant can be
very （reward）.
②Her patience （reward） when she received the
Nobel Prize eventually.
rewarding
was rewarded
【写美】 一句多译
③我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。
→I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing
.（reward n.）
→I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing
.（reward v.）
in reward for your
generous help
to reward you for
your generous help
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
1. （learn） English as a second language can be a
challenge， but it can also bring a lot of advantages.
2. （have） breakfast can help you to concentrate in class and
study more efficiently.
3. （attract） more foreign visitors to China to experience
Chinese culture will have a far-reaching influence.
Learning
Having
Attracting
4. （stay） away from junk food and eating healthy food like
vegetables and fruit will benefit you.
5. （improve） your English is the most urgent thing at
present.
6. His （admit） to that famous university surprised
us all， for he was absent from school for a whole year.
7. （educate） in Peking University is the dream of
many students.
Staying
To improve
being admitted
Being educated
8. Of course， （enjoy） a nice meal with friends can have
a great effect on our spirits.
9. In our daily lives， （adopt） a positive attitude is very
important for us.
10. It is no use （advocate） such a life in a remote
village.
11. Since then， （find） superb ways to grow more rice has
been his life goal.
enjoying
adopting
advocating
finding
12. （ban） from going outside made me live a
miserable life.
13. It’s fun （spend） the holiday in this entertaining theme
park.
14. It is well worth （cycle） along the route，which will
reward you with breathtaking scenery.
15. It is important for us （use） artificial intelligence in a
proper way.
Being banned
spending
cycling
to use
维度二：语法与写作
1. 我哥哥弹吉他使我无法专心学习。
makes me fail to get down to
studying.
2. 了解一些唐朝历史有助于你更好地理解唐诗。
the Tang Dynasty’s history can help you
have a better understanding of Tang poetry.
My brother’s playing the guitar
Knowing a little about
3. 他到火车站接我并开车把我送回家，他真是太好了。
and drive me to
my home.
4. 她被清华大学录取，使她的父母欣喜若狂。
made her parents went
wild with joy.
5. 试图说服他改变主意是浪费时间。
It’s a waste of time .
It’s kind of him to meet me at the railway station
Her being admitted to Tsinghua University
trying to persuade him to change his mind
6. 在乡下长大使威尔森先生很勤奋。
in the countryside made Mr Wilson very hard-
working.
7. 考试失败使他们都很失望。
made them all disappointed.
8. 每天用英语写日记是一种提高书面英语的好方法。
is a good way to improve
written English.
Being brought up
Their failing in the examination
Keeping a diary in English every day
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
Tom spent most of his time 1. （search） for
information on the Internet each day， which made his parents worried.In
his father’s opinion，2. （sit） in front of a computer did great
harm to his son’s health.However，he found that it was no use
3. （advise） Tom to spend less time on the Internet， for he
wouldn’t listen.Tom told his parents that that was what his job required.His
mother wanted him 4. （change） his job，but Tom said
that he was fond of it and 5. （stay） up late had become his
habit.
searching
sitting
advising
to change
staying
In my opinion， it is not wise 6. （spend） too much
time on the Internet.7. （have） a break regularly will be of
great help while working at the computer.In addition， 8.
（set） aside some time to relax is also very important.
to spend
Having
setting
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·山东六校高二下学期联考）Sisters Gipsy and Gelssy
Rodriguez of Anaheim， California， are the social media powerhouses
behind their parents’ popular quincea era dress shop， Moda2000.
The store boasts more than 3.3 million followers on TikTok， 200，
000 followers on Instagram and even has its own YouTube TV show，
“Quince Empire”.
In 2015， social media was gaining popularity and the sisters saw this
as an opportunity to help get the word out about Moda2000.Gipsy and
Gelssy Rodriguez taught themselves about social media strategy on the
fly， and decided to post videos of their clothes first to YouTube and
Instagram， and eventually to TikTok.
“We kind of just posted a video not knowing what was going to
happen，” Gipsy Rodriguez said.“TikTok was new at the time ... and we
posted and we went to dinner that night and our phones were just blowing
up.”
Their first TikTok — which now has 1.4 million likes — drove 10，
000 followers to their newly-created account overnight， they said.Going
viral changed their business in ways the Rodriguez family could never
have imagined.“It’s just so crazy，” Gipsy Rodriguez said.“Now we’re
getting those clients that have been following us and watching our videos
since they were little girls ... I think it’s so beautiful that they get to grow
up with us.”
While their parents are still very involved in the store， Gipsy and
Gelssy Rodriguez， who now serve as the brand’s creative director and
store’s operations director， respectively， are slowly taking over the
reins.
For the whole family， Moda2000’s growth has felt representative of
the “American Dream”.“My parents literally started with $0 from
anybody else， and to this day， we haven’t taken any outside capital or
anything like that，” Gelssy Rodriguez said.“And not only did they
make such a successful business， but they also made an impact within the
industry that we are in and we’ve become industry leaders.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。来自美国加利福尼亚的Gipsy和
Gelssy Rodriguez姐妹二人，借助抖音等社交媒体来为她们父母的服
装店做宣传，获得了巨大的成功。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。来自美国加利福尼亚的Gipsy和
Gelssy Rodriguez姐妹二人，借助抖音等社交媒体来为她们父母的服
装店做宣传，获得了巨大的成功。
1. What did Gipsy and Gelssy Rodriguez do in 2015？
A. They met with failure.
B. They set up an online shop.
C. They seized a chance.
D. They started their business.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，2015年社交媒体开始流
行起来，Gipsy和Gelssy Rodriguez姐妹二人以敏锐的眼光抓住了这
个机会，来为她们父母的服装店做宣传。
2. What do we know about Gipsy and Gelssy Rodriguez’s first TikTok？
A. It was a great success.
B. It attracted little attention.
C. It disappointed their parents.
D. It focused on their personal images.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Gipsy和Gelssy Rodriguez
姐妹二人的第一条抖音视频一夜之间就吸引了1万粉丝，至今获得
140万个点赞。
3. What does the underlined phrase “taking over the reins” in Paragraph
6 mean？
A. Taking care of something.
B. Taking hold of something.
C. Taking charge of something.
D. Taking advantage of something.
解析： 词义猜测题。上句指出“虽然她们的父母现在还参与服
装店的经营，但Gipsy和Gelssy Rodriguez姐妹二人现在分别担任品
牌创意总监和门店运营总监”，这暗示姐妹二人已经开始掌管服装
店了。
4. What’s Gelssy Rodriguez’s attitude to her parents？
A. Grateful. B. Worried.
C. Confused. D. Proud.
解析： 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，Gelssy Rodriguez认
为，自己的父母白手起家创建了服装店Moda2000，如今它已成了
行业领袖。显然她对父母所取得的成就很自豪。
B
（2024·杭州高二上学期期末考试）Urban rewilding projects are
attracting nature back into our cities， from creating city butterfly
grasslands to building unlikely homes for deadly birds.The middle of
London’s busy West End doesn’t seem like the likeliest location for one of
the UK’s rarest birds.There are only approximately 20－40 breeding （繁
殖） pairs of black redstarts in the country.But in recent years， without
being artificially introduced into the area， this rare bird has started to
make a home in this crowded part of Central London.
The black redstart isn’t the only unexpected species of wildlife to start
living in urban landscapes.Moths， butterflies， woodpeckers and even
serotine bats， more commonly found in the countryside， have also been
on the rise in this part of London.These changes are the result of increasing
efforts to transform urban areas from wildlife dead-spots into attractive，
practical homes for nature alongside citizens.One new initiative is even
trying to get offices to keep bees.
Urban rewilding initiatives often have multiple levels of benefit —
greener spaces not only make people happier， but they also help solve
water drainage （排水） problems and prevent flooding， as well as
providing a home for bees and other animals.But perhaps one of their most
valuable features is to make us feel more connected with nature and be
more aware of our relationship with the environment.
The long game is not just to build green compromises into existing
city areas， but to shift what development looks like in a city.Until recent
years， urbanisation has meant turning green areas grey with the
concrete， asphalt and glass of traditional buildings.That transformation
has unsurprisingly ended up being bad for our mental well-being，
physical health， environment， ecosystems and wildlife.
Rewilding is one way to completely change that process： prioritizing
（按重要性排列） plants and animals first， and paving the way for the
benefits to our health， well-being and the urban environment that follow.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。城市再野生化项目的受惠者只是野
生动物吗？文章介绍了城市再野生化的诸多益处。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。城市再野生化项目的受惠者只是野
生动物吗？文章介绍了城市再野生化的诸多益处。
5. Why are black redstarts referred to in Paragraph 1？
A. To stress the importance of rare birds.
B. To show urban rewilding has paid off.
C. To suggest their love for living downtown.
D. To prove man lives in harmony with nature.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的But in recent years ...in this
crowded part of Central London.可推知，提到黑色红尾鸲是为了证明
城市再野生化项目有了效果，这种稀有鸟类“不请自来”。
6. What can be learnt about serotine bats？
A. Their homes have completely changed.
B. People build more homes for them.
C. Their population is increasing in cities.
D. They are uncommon in urban areas.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Moths， butterflies，
woodpeckers and even serotine bats ...on the rise in this part of London.
可知，这种蝙蝠在伦敦的数量在上升。
7. What is the author’s attitude to urbanisation？
A. Critical. B. Approving.
C. Ambiguous. D. Objective.
解析： 观点态度题。根据第四段中的Until recent years ...physical
health， environment， ecosystems and wildlife.可知，作者提到了城
市化的坏处，由此可推断，作者对城市化的态度应是批判的。
8. What is the best title for the text？
A. Wildlife Is Coming Back to Cities
B. Urban Rewilding Benefits Both Man and Wildlife
C. Man Is Making Efforts to Project Wild Animals
D. We Need More Urban Rewilding Projects for Nature
解析： 标题归纳题。文章前两段讲述的是城市再野生化对野生
动物的好处，第三、四段提到了城市再野生化对人类的好处，最后
一段再次强调优先考虑植物和动物，这样做能为我们的健康、福祉
以及城市环境带来好处。由此可知，本文主要讲述的是城市再野生
化惠及野生动物和人类。所以B项为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·临汾高二下学期质检）If you want to improve your
relationship with Mom or Dad， try listening to them， just like you
would listen to a friend.
Now， it may seem kind of strange to treat your parents as if they
were normal people and all， but it’s worth trying.We’re always saying to
our parents， “ 9 ” But have you ever stopped to consider that
maybe you don’t understand them？
They have pressures， too， you know？ While you’re worrying
about your friends and your upcoming history test， they’re worrying
about their bosses and how they’re going to pay for your education.Like
you， sometimes they get offended at work and go in the restroom to
cry. 10 Your mom may have too much work stress to just sit down and
relax at night.Your dad may get laughed at by the neighbours because of
the car he drives.They may have unfulfilled dreams they’ve had to sacrifice
so that you can reach yours. 11 They laugh， they cry， they get their
feelings hurt， and they don’t always have their act together， just like me
and you.
12 Firstly， you’ll gain a greater respect for them.Secondly， if
you take time to understand your parents， you’ll get your way much more
often.If they feel that you understand them， they’ll be way more willing
to listen to you， they’ll be more flexible， and they’ll trust you more.
13 Start by asking them some questions.When’s the last time you
asked your mom or dad， “How was your day today？” or “Tell me
what you like and don’t like about your job” or “Is there anything I
could do to help around the house？”
A. You don’t understand me.
B. Hey， parents are people， too.
C. It’s important to get on well with your parents.
D. So how can you better understand your parents？
E. Jump into their shoes and think from their point of view.
F. They have days when they don’t know how they will pay the bills.
G. If you take time to listen to your parents， two incredible things will
happen.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。我们常常抱怨父母不理解我们，其
实，父母也需要我们的理解。作者认为，相互理解的关键是沟通和
交流。
9. A 根据下句的反问（你是否考虑过你不理解自己的父母呢？）可
知，A项符合语境。
10. F 根据上下文可知，本段主要说明父母的种种艰辛和不容易，因
此F项符合语境。
11. B 上下文都在描述我们的父母在现实生活中面临的各种艰难，因
此B项承上启下，符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。我们常常抱怨父母不理解我们，其
实，父母也需要我们的理解。作者认为，相互理解的关键是沟通和
交流。
12. G 本段说明了聆听和理解父母带来的两个好处，因此G项适合作
为本段的主旨句。
13. D 下文具体说明我们应该如何与父母进行沟通和交流，因此D项
符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2024·贵阳高二上学期期末考试）In 2005， a sheep herder （牧
羊人） named Sanu Sherpa in a remote village of Nepal’s eastern
mountain region came to Kathmandu.
Sanu Sherpa had 14 of making a good life in Kathmandu.At the
same time， he also had a 15 to become a climbing guide， a high-
paid and respected 16 that many of his peers would have thought
of 17 .He initially worked as a porter.In 2006， Sanu became a
mountaineer after 18 climbing Cho Oyu （8，012 m） in his
first 19 .After 17 years， Sanu has set a new world record in
mountaineering history.
The 47-year-old Sherpa became the first climber in the world
to 20 the planet’s 14 highest mountains， not once， but twice — a
feat that no other climber has 21 .
Sanu’s journey from a remote village to Kathmandu has its own
adventures.The 22 fact was that over the years many Sherpas have
died while 23 foreigners up to the peaks.But since Sherpas used to
make 24 earnings by guiding foreign climbers to Nepal’s countless
peaks， mountain guides were in great 25 .
“A climbing Sherpa in a remote village used to be a
hero.That 26 my father too.Good income， good clothes and good
food，” said Nang Norbu， Sanu’s son.
But for Nang Norbu， it is still undecided whether he will 27 in
his father’s footsteps.“Actually， my father wants me to study because
mountain climbing is dangerous.He doesn’t 28 me to join his
profession，” said Nang Norbu.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sanu Sherpa是一名来自尼泊尔的牧
羊人，可是，他通过自身的努力创造了第二次攀登世界上14 座海拔
超过8，000米山峰的世界纪录。
14. A. dreamt B. informed
C. reminded D. spoken
解析： 来自偏远乡村的Sanu Sherpa到首都加德满都显然是为了
追求自己的梦想。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sanu Sherpa是一名来自尼泊尔的牧
羊人，可是，他通过自身的努力创造了第二次攀登世界上14 座海拔
超过8，000米山峰的世界纪录。
15. A. goal B. task C. duty D. chance
解析： 下文提到的become a climbing guide是他的一个努
力目标。
16. A. title B. job C. field D. honour
解析： 空前的a high-paid and respected暗示这里应该填入
job一词。
17. A. reaching B. exploring
C. discovering D. pursuing
解析： 既然是高薪且受人尊敬的工作，自然是很多人愿意
去追求。
18. A. gradually B. constantly
C. successfully D. occasionally
解析： 2006年，Sanu Sherpa成功登上卓奥友峰后正式成为一名
登山者。
19. A. stage B. attempt
C. section D. contest
解析： Sanu Sherpa第一次挑战卓奥友峰就成功了。attempt意为
“尝试”。
20. A. challenge B. experience
C. conquer D. resolve
解析： 这位47岁的夏尔巴人成为世界上第一位两次征服地球上
14座最高山峰的登山者。
21. A. achieved B. realised
C. imagined D. predicted
解析： 空前的feat一词意为“功绩”，可与其构成搭配的动词
有accomplish， achieve， perform等。
22. A. sad B. interesting
C. strange D. important
解析： 下文提到的over the years many Sherpas have died是一件
令人伤心的事实。
23. A. asking B. guiding
C. inviting D. pushing
解析： 文章第二段提到become a climbing guide，下文也提到by
guiding foreign climbers，故B项正确。
24. A. average B. common
C. high D. regular
解析： 根据下文中的Good income， good clothes and good food
可知，夏尔巴人从事的登山向导职业收入很高。
25. A. demand B. order
C. condition D. status
解析： 由于越来越多的外国人从事登山，因此登山向导的需求
量很大。in great demand意为“非常需要的；受欢迎的”。
26. A. changed B. improved
C. persuaded D. attracted
解析： 根据上下文可知，从事登山向导职业收入高且受人尊
敬，因此这吸引了Nang Norbu的父亲。
27. A. chase B. imitate C. follow D. catch
解析： Nang Norbu还没有决定是否追随父亲的脚步从事登山向
导职业。follow in one’s footsteps是固定短语，表示“效仿某人；
以某人为榜样；步某人的后尘”。
28. A. force B. forbid
C. request D. encourage
解析： 根据上文可知，Nang Norbu的父亲希望他好好学习，并
不鼓励他从事登山向导行业。
Ⅳ.语法填空
The Zhagana village in Gansu Province， 29 （name） Best
Tourism Village of 2023 by the United Nations World Tourism
Organization （UNWTO） on 19 October 2023.
The 30 （decide） was announced at the 25th session of the
UNWTO General Assembly in Samarkand， Uzbekistan.The village has
also been designated （命名） as a globally important agricultural and
cultural heritage site by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations.
Zhagana， which 31 （mean） “stone box” in the local
language， is located at an altitude of 3，000 to 3，300 meters and is
surrounded by mountains， with the 32 （high） peak reaching 4，
500 meters.The high mountains and Xizang-style houses constitute a
“grand stone palace” or an ancient city 33 （construct） by natural
rock walls.
It has changed from a closed mountainous village to a scenic
spot 34 tourists can enjoy a slow and leisurely life.
China now has eight 35 （village） on the list， more than any
other country in the world.The World Tourism Organization is the United
Nations agency responsible 36 the promotion of responsible，
sustainable and universally accessible tourism.The UNWTO began the
selection of the “Best Tourism Villages” in 2021.This year， 63
countries submitted 258 applications， 37 （result） in the inclusion
of 54 villages from 32 countries.
“Tourism can be 38 powerful force for inclusivity，
empowering local communities and distributing benefits across
regions，” emphasizes UNWTO Secretary-General Zurab Pololikashvili.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2023年10月19日，甘肃省甘南藏族
自治州扎尕那村被联合国世界旅游组织命名为2023年度“最佳旅游
乡村”。
29. was named 考查动词的语态。这里表示甘肃扎尕那村在2023年10
月19日被联合国世界旅游组织命名为2023年度“最佳旅游乡村”，因
此用一般过去时的被动语态。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2023年10月19日，甘肃省甘南藏族
自治州扎尕那村被联合国世界旅游组织命名为2023年度“最佳旅游
乡村”。
30. decision 考查词形转换。本空前的定冠词The暗示这里应用一个
名词。
31. means 考查动词的时态。这里在解释“扎尕那”这一名字的意
义，是陈述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时。
32. highest 考查形容词的最高级。本空前有定冠词the，结合语境可
知应用形容词的最高级形式。
33. constructed 考查非谓语动词。本空后面有介词by，暗示这里应用
过去分词作后置定语。
34. where 考查定语从句。本空前的a scenic spot是先行词，空处引导
一个定语从句；从句中缺少状语，因此应用关系副词where。
35. villages 考查名词复数。本空前有eight一词，因此这里应用可数
名词的复数形式。
36. for 考查介词。be responsible for是固定搭配，表示“对……负
责”。
37. resulting 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知，这里需要一个非谓语
动词作状语；由于这里表示主动概念，因此用动词-ing形式。
38. a 考查冠词。本空后面的关键词force为可数名词，这里应用不定
冠词a。a powerful force意为“一种强大的力量”。
谢谢观看！
