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Unit 3 Make it happen! 单词解析一
1.fair (名词) 展览会
[用法讲解] fair为可数名词，其复数形式为 fairs，还可译为“集会”;fair可作形容词，译为“公平的、白皙的、浅色的、晴朗”;fair可作副词，译为“公平地、直接地”;fair还可作动词，译为“天气转晴”。
Eg: The tech fair showcased the latest innovations.
科技展展示了最新创新产品。
Children enjoyed the rides at the summer fair.
孩子们在夏季游乐场玩得很开心。
The judge made a fair decision based on evidence.
法官根据证据做出公正裁决。
Her fair hair shone in the sunlight.
她的浅色头发在阳光下闪闪发光。
The team won the match by playing fair.
球队通过公平比赛赢得了胜利。
He looked me fair in the eye.
他直视我的眼睛。
The sky is fairing up after the storm.
暴雨后天气逐渐转晴。
[派生词] fairly为副词，译为“公正地、相当地”;
fairness为名词，译为“公正、公平”。
Eg: He has always treated me very fairly.
他待我一直很公正。
I'm fairly certain I can do the job.
我有相当把我能干这项工作。
He has a good overall sense of justice and fairness.
他极富有正义感和公平意识。
[即学即用]
She judged the competition ________ (fair) and awarded the prize to the deserving winner.
答案:fairly
2.block(名词)一块(指木头、石头等有直边的硬物)
[用法讲解] block为可数名词，其复数形式为 blocks; block也可为动词，译为“阻塞、妨碍”。
Eg: He picked up a block of wood and carried it inside.
他捡起一块木头，把它搬了进去。
I live in the next block.
我住在下一个街区。
The children played with wooden blocks.
孩子们玩木制积木。
The snow blocked the road.
雪堵住了路。
His phone number has been blocked.
他的电话号码已被屏蔽。
[常见搭配] block out 阻挡、排除干扰
block up 堵塞
go on the block被拍卖、公开出售
block off 封锁区域、隔离空间
on the block在出售中
Eg: She used curtains to block out the sunlight.
她用窗帘遮挡阳光。
Leaves blocked up the drain.
树叶堵塞了下水道。
The rare painting went on the block at Sotheby's.
这幅稀有画作在苏富比拍卖行被拍卖。
The police blocked off the crime scene.
警方封锁了犯罪现场。
That old house is on the block.
那座老房子正在出售。
[派生词] blockade为名词，译为“封锁”;
blocker为名词，译为“阻碍物、拦截者”。
Eg: It's not yet clear who will actually enforce the blockade.
目前还不清楚谁会真正执行这项封锁任务。
The results suggest that Tet is a slow channel blocker.
结果提示Tet是一慢通道阻滞剂。
[即学即用]
( )All they done was ________ the light.
A.blocked out B. blocked up
C. blocked off D. blocked with
答案:A
3.artificial(形容词)人造的、人工的
[用法讲解] artificial作形容词，还可译为“虚假的、武断的”。
Eg: Many people prefer natural fabrics to artificial ones.
许多人更喜欢天然面料而不是人造面料。
His apology sounded completely artificial.
他的道歉听起来非常虚伪。
[派生词] artificially为副词，译为“人工地、不自然地”;
artificiality为名词，译为“人造型、虚假、不自然”。
Eg: The scene was artificially lit for the film shoot.
拍电影时，这个场景是人工照明的。
The artificiality of the decor in the restaurant was off - putting.
餐厅里装潢的虚假感令人不悦。
[即学即用]
The room was ________(artificial) lit.
答案:artificially
4.condition (名词)健康情况
[用法讲解]condition为可数名词时译为“前提、条件、情况”;condition为不可数名词时，译为“状态、状况”。
Eg: The house is in good condition.
这所房子状况良好。
Ability is one of the conditions of success in life.
能力是人生中成功的条件之一。
The patient's condition is improving.
病人的状况正在好转。
[常见搭配]be in (good/bad) condition 处于(良好/糟糕)的状态
on condition that ... 如果、在...条件下
be conditioned by/ on ...以...为条件
Eg: I'm in good condition today, so I want to take some exercise.
我今天健康状况良好，所以我想要锻炼。
I said I would tell him a confidential story on condition that he kept it secret.
我说在他保密的条件下，将告诉他一个秘密的故事。
Supply is conditioned by production.
供应受生产制约。
[即学即用]
我可以把书借给你，条件是你在星期五之前还回来。
I will lend you the book,______ ______ ________ you return it by Friday.
答案:on condition that
5.cost (动词) 价格为、需支付(某一数量的钱)
[用法讲解]cost作动词，还可译为“花费、估价”等;cost还可为名词，译为“费用、代价、成本”。
Eg: It must cost a good deal to live here.
住在这里一定要花很多钱的。
The work was costed by the engineer at$50,000.
这项工程据工程师估价为50000美元。
The book cost me 100 yuan.这本书花了我一百元。
[常见搭配] at the cost of...以...为代价
It costs + 金额 + to do sth.做某事需要花费...
at cost 按成本价
Eg: She got promoted at the cost of her personal time.
她以牺牲个人时间为代价获得晋升。
It costs $20 to enter the museum.
进入博物馆需要花费20美元。
The store sold damaged goods at cost.
商店以成本价出售受损商品。
[知识拓展]四种花费
(1)花时间做某事
It + takes sb. + 时间+ to do sth.
= 人 + spend + 时间 + doing sth.做某事花费某人多长时间
Eg: It took me an hour to finish my homework last night.
= I spent an hour finishing my homework last night.
昨晚我花了一个小时完成作业。
(2)花钱买某物
人 spend 钱 on sth. = sth. cost 人 +钱 = pay 钱 for sth.付款买某物
Eg: I paid five hundred yuan for this bike.
= I spent five hundred yuan on this bike.
= This bike cost me five hundred yuan.
我花500元买这辆自行车。
[即学即用]
( )1.-- What beautiful shoes you're wearing! They must be expensive.
-- No, they only ______ 10 yuan.
A.spend B. take C. pay D. cost
2.他以健康为代价取得了成功。
He succeeded _____ ______ ______ _____ his health.
答案:1.D 2. at the cost of
6.lend (动词)帮助(某人)做事、(给某人)搭把手
[用法详解] lend为动词，译为“借给”，其过去式为lent。
Eg: I lent my bike to Tom.
我把我的自行车借给了汤姆。
[常见搭配] lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物
lend a hand 帮忙、助一臂之力
lend an ear 倾听、注意听某人说
lend itself to ...适合(某种用途)
Eg: I lent Mary my book. = I lent my book to Mary.
我把我的书借给了玛丽。
Can you lend a hand with the dishes
你能帮忙洗一下碗吗
She always lends an ear to her friends' problems.
她总是倾听朋友们的问题。
This method lends itself to online learning.
这种方法适合于在线学习。
[易混辨析]lend与borrow区别
lend通常表示“借出”，后面跟介词to，表示“借给某人”;
borrow通常表示“借入”，后面跟介词from，表示“从某人那里借”。
[常见搭配]borrow ... from sb.从某人那借
Eg: She lent me a book. = She lent a book to me.
她借给我一本书。
I borrowed a book from the library.
我从图书馆借了一本书。
[即学即用]
( )1. I need a book for my project. Can you______ me yours
A.lend B. borrow C. borrow from D. lend from
2.我来帮你打扫卫生。
I will _______ ______ ______ ______ with the cleaning.
答案:1.A 2. lend you a hand
7.3-D(形容词)三维的、立体的
[用法讲解] 3-D还可为名词，译为“立体电影、三维模型或空间”。
Eg: Zooming and panning are navigational tools for exploring 2D and 3D information.
缩放和平移是浏览二维和三维信息的导航工具。
These glasses allow you to see the film in 3- D.
这副眼镜让你能看立体电影。
Our high - tech approach includes web - based project management tools and 3- D modeling.
我国高科技方法包括基于Web的醒目管理工具和3-D建模。
8.printer (名词)(与计算机连接的)打印机
[用法讲解] printer为可数名词，其复数形式为 printers.
Eg: The new printer in the office can print in colour.
办公室的新打印机可以打印彩色。
[常见搭配] set up a printer安装打印机
Eg: I'm having trouble setting up my new printer.
我在安装新打印机时遇到了问题。
[派生词] print可为动词，译为“打印”，也可为名词，译为“指纹、版画”。
Eg: Click on the icon when you want to print.
你想打印时就点击一下这个图标。
Fresh prints of both girls were found in the flat.
在公寓里发现了两个女孩不久前留下的指纹。
[即学即用]
The ________ (print) is not responding.I think it might be out of paper.
答案:printer
9.invent (动词)发明、创造
Eg: He invented a new tool that can make work easier.
他发明了一种能让工作更容易的工具。
[常见搭配] invent an excuse/ a story 编造借口/故事
invent a method to ... 发明一种...的方法
Eg: He invented an excuse to leave early.
他编造一个借口想早点离开。
Scientists invented a new method to study the disease.
科学家们发明了一种研究这种疾病的新方法。
[派生词] inventor为可数名词，译为“发明家”;
invention为可数名词，译为“发明物、发明”。
Eg: Many inventors have patents for their creations.
许多发明家都拥有自己创造的专利。
The invention of the printing press revolutionized communication.
印刷术的发明彻底改变了交流方式。
[易混辨析] create、invent和discover区别
create指从无到有地“创造”出本不存在的东西;
invent指通过研究、实验和劳动“发明”出前所未有的产品;
discover指发现过去本存在但尚未被人发现的事物。
Eg: My father created many perfect works for my family.
我爸爸为这个家创造了许多完美的工具。
Edison invented the light bulb in 1879.
爱迪生在1879年发明了电灯。
Columbus discovered America in 1492.
1492年哥伦布发现了美洲。
[即学即用]
1.Thomas Edison is a very famous ________(invent).
( )2. Shakespeare______ quite a number of wonderful characters in his plays.
A.found B.created C.invented D. discovered
答案:1.inventor 2.B
10.brain (名词)脑、大脑
[用法讲解] brain为可数名词，其复数形式为brains，也可译为“智慧、智者”。
Eg: The brain is the control center of the human body.
大脑是人体的控制中心。
They were not the only ones to have brains and ambition.
并不是只有他们聪明、有志向。
Mr. White was the brain behind the scheme.
怀特先生是该项计划的幕后策划者。
[常见搭配] strain one's brain/ beat one's brains 绞尽脑汁
Eg: I beat my brains to get a job.我绞尽脑汁地寻找工作。
[派生词]brainy为形容词，译为“聪明的、有才智的”;
brainless为形容词，译为“愚蠢的、无头脑的”。
Eg: The brainy students must pass the examination.
那些聪明的学生一定会通过这次考试。
The generals were singularly brainless men.
那些将军都是些极为愚蠢的人。
[即学即用]
She has a sharp b_______ and can solve complex problems quickly.
答案:brain
11.weigh (动词)重、重量是..
Eg: Weigh the fish, please.
请称一下这条鱼。
The package weighs 5 kilograms.
这个包裹重5公斤。
[常见搭配] weigh on sb. 使某人烦恼
weigh in on sth.对某事发表意见
weigh with sb.对某人重要
weigh down 压垮/压抑
weigh against 权衡或不利影响
Eg: The pressure weighed heavily on his shoulders.
压力重重压在他的肩上。
She weighed in on the debate.
她参与了辩论。
It weighs heavily with me.
它对我非常重要。
The presents weigh down the branches of the Christmas tree.
礼物压弯了圣诞树的树枝。
The mistakes will weigh against you.
这些错误会对你不利。
[派生词] weight为名词，译为“重量”。
Eg: The weight of the box is two kg.
这个盒子的重量是两公斤。
[常见搭配] put on weight增加体重
lose weight 减轻体重
in weight 重量上
Eg: I'm forever on a diet,since I put on weight easily.
我永远都在减肥，因为我容易长胖。
She is trying to lose weight.
她正在设法减肥。
It's smaller in size but greater in weight.
它体积比较小，但分量比较重。
[即学即用]
Please _________ (weight) the bags on the scales.
请在磅秤上称一下这些袋子。
答案: weigh
12.kilogram (名词)千克、公斤
[用法讲解] kilogram可缩写为kg。
Eg: The average weight was 67.0 kg.
平均体重为67千克。
13.fix(动词)解决(问题)
[用法讲解] fix为动词，还可译为“修理、校正、安排”;fix还可为名词，译为“困境、解决方案”。
Eg: He can fix the problem on his own.
他可以自己解决问题。
I need to fix the broken window.
我需要修理这个坏窗户。
The support beam was fixed in place.
支撑梁固定到位。
We need to fix the date for the meeting.
我们需要安排会议时间。
The government has really got itself into a fix.
政府真的让自己陷入困境。
But there might be a healthier quick fix: writing.
但可能有更加快捷健康的解决方法:写作。
[常见搭配] fix sth. to sth.将某物固定在另一 物上
fix sth. up 整理、修理
fix one's eyes on sth.凝视、专注某物
Eg: Please fix a shelf to the wall.
请把架子固定在墙上。
I'll fix up the room before the guests arrive.
我们将在客人到达之前整理好房间。
Fix my eyes on the screen.凝视屏幕。
[派生词]repairable为形容词，译为“可修复的”。
Eg: This device is no longer repairable.
该设备无法修复。
[易混辨析]repair、mend和fix区别:
repair 指结构复杂，损坏严重的物体 mend 指修补衣服、鞋等小用具等
fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实
Eg: Love the Chinese nation, repair the Great Wall.
爱我中华，修我长城。
Could you mend my bike for me
你能帮我修一下自行车吗
The car won't start -- can you fix it
这辆车发动不起来了--你能修理以下吗
[即学即用]
( )The shelf is _____ on the wall.
A.fix B. fixed C.mended D.repaired
答案:B
14.download(动词)下载(信息或程序)
Eg: You can download the software from the official website.
你可以从官方网站上下载这个软件。
I'm going to download some music for my MP3 player.
我要为我的MP3下载一些音乐。
[常见搭配] download sth. from ... 从...下载某物
download speed 下载速度
Eg: You can download the report from the company website.
你可以从公司官网上下载报告。
The download speed was too slow. 下载速度太慢了。
[反义词] upload为动词，译为“上传”。
Eg: The user who has uploaded photo can only edit that photo.
上传照片的用户只能编辑照片。
[即学即用]
She _________(下载)a movie onto her phone yesterday.
答案:downloaded
15.allow(动词)允许、容许、准许
Eg: Parents should allow their children more freedom.
父母应该给孩子更多的自由。
[常见搭配] be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
allow for 考虑到、体谅
Eg: She is allowed to watch TV after school.
她放学后被允许看电视。
Please allow me to carry your bag.
请允许我替你拿包。
They allowed smoking in this room only.
他们只允许在这间屋子里吸烟。
We should allow for every possible delay.
我们考虑到任何可能的延误。
[派生词] allowance为名词，译为“津贴、零用钱”。
Eg: His monthly allowance is 800 yuan.
他每月津贴为800元。
[即学即用]
( )Passengers are not allowed________ on the plane.
A.smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. to smoking
答案:C
16.report (名词) 新闻报道
[用法讲解] report为可数名词，其复数形式为reports，还可译为“报告、讲演”;report还可为动词，译为“汇报、报告”。
Eg: The news report highlighted the impact of the pandemic.
新闻报道强调了疫情的影响。
The teacher asked us to write a report on climate change.
老师让我们写一篇关于气候变化的报告。
Employees must report their progress every week.
员工必须每周汇报工作进展。
[常见搭配] report doing sth.报告做某事
report ... to sb.向某人汇报
report on ...关于...的报告
Eg: She reported seeing a suspicious person near the office.
她报告说在办公室附近看到可疑人员。
All staff report to the manager directly.
所有员工直接向经理汇报。
The committee will report on the investigation results.
委员会将报告调查结果。
[派生词]reporter为名词，译为“记者”。
Eg: A group of reporters followed in her wake.
一群记者跟随在她的身后。
[即学即用]
The________((report) reported the accident to the public.
答案:reporters
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共52张PPT)
Unit 3 Make it happen!
八年级
外研版2024
上
单词解析一
1.fair (名词) 展览会
[用法讲解]fair为可数名词，其复数形式为fairs，还可译为“集会”;fair可作形容词，译为“公平的、白皙的、浅色的、晴朗”;fair可作副词，译为“公平地、直接地”;fair还可作动词，译为“天气转晴”。
Eg: The tech fair showcased the latest innovations.
科技展展示了最新创新产品。
Children enjoyed the rides at the summer fair.
孩子们在夏季游乐场玩得很开心。
The judge made a fair decision based on evidence.
法官根据证据做出公正裁决。
Her fair hair shone in the sunlight.
她的浅色头发在阳光下闪闪发光。
The team won the match by playing fair.
球队通过公平比赛赢得了胜利。
He looked me fair in the eye.
他直视我的眼睛。
The sky is fairing up after the storm.
暴雨后天气逐渐转晴。
[派生词] fairly为副词，译为“公正地、相当地”;
fairness为名词，译为“公正、公平”。
Eg: He has always treated me very fairly.
他待我一直很公正。
I'm fairly certain I can do the job.
我有相当把我能干这项工作。
He has a good overall sense of justice and fairness.
他极富有正义感和公平意识。
[即学即用]
She judged the competition ________ (fair) and awarded the prize to the deserving winner.
fairly
2.block(名词)一块(指木头、石头等有直边的硬物)
[用法讲解] block为可数名词，其复数形式为blocks; block也可为动词，译为“阻塞、妨碍”。
Eg: He picked up a block of wood and carried it inside.
他捡起一块木头，把它搬了进去。
I live in the next block.
我住在下一个街区。
The children played with wooden blocks.
孩子们玩木制积木。
The snow blocked the road.
雪堵住了路。
His phone number has been blocked.
他的电话号码已被屏蔽。
[常见搭配]block out阻挡、排除干扰
block up堵塞
go on the block被拍卖、公开出售
block off封锁区域、隔离空间
on the block在出售中
Eg: She used curtains to block out the sunlight.
她用窗帘遮挡阳光。
Leaves blocked up the drain.
树叶堵塞了下水道。
The rare painting went on the block at Sotheby's.
这幅稀有画作在苏富比拍卖行被拍卖。
The police blocked off the crime scene.
警方封锁了犯罪现场。
That old house is on the block.
那座老房子正在出售。
[派生词] blockade为名词，译为“封锁”;
blocker为名词，译为“阻碍物、拦截者”。
Eg: It's not yet clear who will actually enforce the blockade.
目前还不清楚谁会真正执行这项封锁任务。
The results suggest that Tet is a slow channel blocker.
结果提示Tet是一慢通道阻滞剂。
[即学即用]
( )All they done was ________ the light.
A.blocked out B. blocked up
C. blocked off D. blocked with
A
3.artificial(形容词)人造的、人工的
[用法讲解]artificial作形容词，还可译为“虚假的、武断的”。
Eg: Many people prefer natural fabrics to artificial ones.
许多人更喜欢天然面料而不是人造面料。
His apology sounded completely artificial.
他的道歉听起来非常虚伪。
[派生词]artificially为副词，译为“人工地、不自然地”;
artificiality为名词，译为“人造型、虚假、不自然”。
Eg: The scene was artificially lit for the film shoot.
拍电影时，这个场景是人工照明的。
The artificiality of the decor in the restaurant was off - putting.
餐厅里装潢的虚假感令人不悦。
[即学即用]
The room was ________(artificial) lit.
artificially
4.condition (名词)健康情况
[用法讲解]condition为可数名词时译为“前提、条件、情况”;condition为不可数名词时，译为“状态、状况”。
Eg: The house is in good condition.
这所房子状况良好。
Ability is one of the conditions of success in life.
能力是人生中成功的条件之一。
The patient's condition is improving.
病人的状况正在好转。
[常见搭配]be in (good/bad) condition 处于(良好/糟糕)的状态
on condition that ...如果、在...条件下
be conditioned by/ on ...以...为条件
Eg: I'm in good condition today, so I want to take some exercise.
我今天健康状况良好，所以我想要锻炼。
I said I would tell him a confidential story on condition that he kept it secret.
我说在他保密的条件下，将告诉他一个秘密的故事。
Supply is conditioned by production.
供应受生产制约。
[即学即用]
我可以把书借给你，条件是你在星期五之前还回来。
I will lend you the book,______ ______ ________ you return it by Friday.
on condition that
5.cost (动词) 价格为、需支付(某一数量的钱)
[用法讲解]cost作动词，还可译为“花费、估价”等;cost还可为名词，译为“费用、代价、成本”。
Eg: It must cost a good deal to live here.
住在这里一定要花很多钱的。
The work was costed by the engineer at$50,000.
这项工程据工程师估价为50000美元。
The book cost me 100 yuan.这本书花了我一百元。
[常见搭配]at the cost of...以...为代价
It costs + 金额 + to do sth.做某事需要花费...
at cost按成本价
Eg: She got promoted at the cost of her personal time.
她以牺牲个人时间为代价获得晋升。
It costs $20 to enter the museum.
进入博物馆需要花费20美元。
The store sold damaged goods at cost.
商店以成本价出售受损商品。
[知识拓展]四种花费
(1)花时间做某事
It + takes sb. + 时间+ to do sth.
= 人 + spend + 时间 + doing sth.做某事花费某人多长时间
Eg: It took me an hour to finish my homework last night.
= I spent an hour finishing my homework last night.
昨晚我花了一个小时完成作业。
(2)花钱买某物
人 spend 钱 on sth. = sth. cost 人 +钱 = pay 钱 for sth.付款买某物
Eg: I paid five hundred yuan for this bike.
= I spent five hundred yuan on this bike.
= This bike cost me five hundred yuan.
我花500元买这辆自行车。
[即学即用]
( )1.-- What beautiful shoes you're wearing! They must be expensive.
-- No, they only ______ 10 yuan.
A.spend B. take C. pay D. cost
2.他以健康为代价取得了成功。
He succeeded _____ ______ ______ _____ his health.
D
at the cost of
6.lend (动词)帮助(某人)做事、(给某人)搭把手
[用法详解] lend为动词，译为“借给”，其过去式为lent。
Eg: I lent my bike to Tom.
我把我的自行车借给了汤姆。
[常见搭配] lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物
lend a hand帮忙、助一臂之力
lend an ear倾听、注意听某人说
lend itself to ...适合(某种用途)
Eg: I lent Mary my book. = I lent my book to Mary.
我把我的书借给了玛丽。
Can you lend a hand with the dishes
你能帮忙洗一下碗吗
She always lends an ear to her friends' problems.
她总是倾听朋友们的问题。
This method lends itself to online learning.
这种方法适合于在线学习。
[易混辨析]lend与borrow区别
lend通常表示“借出”，后面跟介词to，表示“借给某人”;
borrow通常表示“借入”，后面跟介词from，表示“从某人那里借”。
[常见搭配]borrow ... from sb.从某人那借
Eg: She lent me a book. = She lent a book to me.
她借给我一本书。
I borrowed a book from the library.
我从图书馆借了一本书。
[即学即用]
( )1. I need a book for my project. Can you______ me yours
A.lend B. borrow C. borrow from D. lend from
2.我来帮你打扫卫生。
I will _______ ______ ______ ______ with the cleaning.
A
lend you a hand
7.3-D(形容词)三维的、立体的
[用法讲解]3-D还可为名词，译为“立体电影、三维模型或空间”。
Eg: Zooming and panning are navigational tools for exploring 2D and 3D information.
缩放和平移是浏览二维和三维信息的导航工具。
These glasses allow you to see the film in 3- D.
这副眼镜让你能看立体电影。
Our high - tech approach includes web - based project management tools and 3- D modeling.
我国高科技方法包括基于Web的醒目管理工具和3-D建模。
8.printer (名词)(与计算机连接的)打印机
[用法讲解] printer为可数名词，其复数形式为 printers.
Eg: The new printer in the office can print in colour.
办公室的新打印机可以打印彩色。
[常见搭配] set up a printer安装打印机
Eg: I'm having trouble setting up my new printer.
我在安装新打印机时遇到了问题。
[派生词] print可为动词，译为“打印”，也可为名词，译为“指纹、版画”。
Eg: Click on the icon when you want to print.
你想打印时就点击一下这个图标。
Fresh prints of both girls were found in the flat.
在公寓里发现了两个女孩不久前留下的指纹。
[即学即用]
The ________ (print) is not responding.I think it might be out of paper.
printer
9.invent (动词)发明、创造
Eg: He invented a new tool that can make work easier.
他发明了一种能让工作更容易的工具。
[常见搭配]invent an excuse/ a story编造借口/故事
invent a method to ...发明一种...的方法
Eg: He invented an excuse to leave early.
他编造一个借口想早点离开。
Scientists invented a new method to study the disease.
科学家们发明了一种研究这种疾病的新方法。
[派生词] inventor为可数名词，译为“发明家”;
invention为可数名词，译为“发明物、发明”。
Eg: Many inventors have patents for their creations.
许多发明家都拥有自己创造的专利。
The invention of the printing press revolutionized communication.
印刷术的发明彻底改变了交流方式。
[易混辨析]create、invent和discover区别
create指从无到有地“创造”出本不存在的东西;
invent指通过研究、实验和劳动“发明”出前所未有的产品;
discover指发现过去本存在但尚未被人发现的事物。
Eg: My father created many perfect works for my family.
我爸爸为这个家创造了许多完美的工具。
Edison invented the light bulb in 1879.
爱迪生在1879年发明了电灯。
Columbus discovered America in 1492.
1492年哥伦布发现了美洲。
[即学即用]
1.Thomas Edison is a very famous ________(invent).
( )2. Shakespeare______ quite a number of wonderful characters in his plays.
A.found B.created C.invented D. discovered
inventor
B
10.brain (名词)脑、大脑
[用法讲解]brain为可数名词，其复数形式为brains，也可译为“智慧、智者”。
Eg: The brain is the control center of the human body.
大脑是人体的控制中心。
They were not the onlyones to have brains and ambition.
并不是只有他们聪明、有志向。
Mr. White was the brain behind the scheme.
怀特先生是该项计划的幕后策划者。
[常见搭配] strain one's brain/ beat one's brains 绞尽脑汁
Eg: I beat my brains to get a job.我绞尽脑汁地寻找工作。
[派生词]brainy为形容词，译为“聪明的、有才智的”;
brainless为形容词，译为“愚蠢的、无头脑的”。
Eg: The brainy students must pass the examination.
那些聪明的学生一定会通过这次考试。
Thegeneralswere singularly brainless men.
那些将军都是些极为愚蠢的人。
[即学即用]
She has a sharp b_______ and can solve complex problems quickly.
rain
11.weigh (动词)重、重量是..
Eg: Weigh the fish, please.
请称一下这条鱼。
The package weighs 5 kilograms.
这个包裹重5公斤。
[常见搭配] weigh on sb.使某人烦恼
weigh in on sth.对某事发表意见
weigh with sb.对某人重要
weigh down压垮/压抑
weigh against权衡或不利影响
Eg: The pressure weighed heavily on his shoulders.
压力重重压在他的肩上。
She weighed in on the debate.
她参与了辩论。
It weighs heavily with me.
它对我非常重要。
The presents weigh down the branches of the Christmas tree.
礼物压弯了圣诞树的树枝。
The mistakes will weigh against you.
这些错误会对你不利。
[派生词] weight为名词，译为“重量”。
Eg: The weight of the box is two kg.
这个盒子的重量是两公斤。
[常见搭配]put on weight增加体重
lose weight减轻体重
in weight重量上
Eg: I'm forever on a diet,since I put on weight easily.
我永远都在减肥，因为我容易长胖。
She is trying to lose weight.
她正在设法减肥。
It's smaller in size but greater in weight.
它体积比较小，但分量比较重。
[即学即用]
Please _________ (weight) the bags on the scales.
请在磅秤上称一下这些袋子。
weigh
12.kilogram (名词)千克、公斤
[用法讲解] kilogram可缩写为kg。
Eg: The average weight was 67.0 kg.
平均体重为67千克。
13.fix(动词)解决(问题)
[用法讲解] fix为动词，还可译为“修理、校正、安排”;fix还可为名词，译为“困境、解决方案”。
Eg: He can fix the problem on his own.
他可以自己解决问题。
I need to fix the broken window.
我需要修理这个坏窗户。
The support beam was fixed in place.
支撑梁固定到位。
We need to fix the date for the meeting.
我们需要安排会议时间。
The government has really got itself into a fix.
政府真的让自己陷入困境。
But there might be a healthier quick fix: writing.
但可能有更加快捷健康的解决方法:写作。
[常见搭配]fix sth. to sth.将某物固定在另一物上
fix sth. up整理、修理
fix one's eyes on sth.凝视、专注某物
Eg: Please fix a shelf to the wall.
请把架子固定在墙上。
I'll fix up the room before the guests arrive.
我们将在客人到达之前整理好房间。
Fix my eyes on the screen.凝视屏幕。
[派生词]repairable为形容词，译为“可修复的”。
Eg: This device is no longer repairable.
该设备无法修复。
[易混辨析]repair、mend和fix区别:
repair 指结构复杂，损坏严重的物体 mend 指修补衣服、鞋等小用具等
fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实
Eg: Love the Chinese nation, repair the Great Wall.
爱我中华，修我长城。
Could you mend my bike for me
你能帮我修一下自行车吗
The car won't start -- can you fix it
这辆车发动不起来了--你能修理以下吗
[即学即用]
( )The shelf is _____ on the wall.
A.fix B. fixed C.mended D.repaired
B
14.download(动词)下载(信息或程序)
Eg: You can download the software from the official website.
你可以从官方网站上下载这个软件。
I'm going to download some music for my MP3 player.
我要为我的MP3下载一些音乐。
[常见搭配]download sth. from ... 从...下载某物
download speed下载速度
Eg: You can download the report from the company website.
你可以从公司官网上下载报告。
The download speed was too slow.下载速度太慢了。
[反义词] upload为动词，译为“上传”。
Eg: The user who has uploaded photo can only edit that photo.
上传照片的用户只能编辑照片。
[即学即用]
She _________(下载)a movie onto her phone yesterday.
downloaded
15.allow(动词)允许、容许、准许
Eg: Parents should allow their children more freedom.
父母应该给孩子更多的自由。
[常见搭配]be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
allow doing sth.允许做某事
allow for考虑到、体谅
Eg: She is allowed to watch TV after school.
她放学后被允许看电视。
Please allow me to carry your bag.
请允许我替你拿包。
They allowed smoking in this room only.
他们只允许在这间屋子里吸烟。
We should allow for every possible delay.
我们考虑到任何可能的延误。
[派生词] allowance为名词，译为“津贴、零用钱”。
Eg: His monthly allowance is 800 yuan.
他每月津贴为800元。
[即学即用]
( )Passengers are not allowed________ on the plane.
A.smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. to smoking
C
16.report (名词) 新闻报道
[用法讲解]report为可数名词，其复数形式为reports，还可译为“报告、讲演”;report还可为动词，译为“汇报、报告”。
Eg: The news report highlighted the impact of the pandemic.
新闻报道强调了疫情的影响。
The teacher asked us to write a report on climate change.
老师让我们写一篇关于气候变化的报告。
Employees must report their progress every week.
员工必须每周汇报工作进展。
[常见搭配] report doing sth.报告做某事
report ... to sb.向某人汇报
report on ...关于...的报告
Eg: She reported seeing a suspicious person near the office.
她报告说在办公室附近看到可疑人员。
All staff report to the manager directly.
所有员工直接向经理汇报。
The committee will report on the investigation results.
委员会将报告调查结果。
[派生词]reporter为名词，译为“记者”。
Eg: A group of reporters followed in her wake.
一群记者跟随在她的身后。
[即学即用]
The________((report) reported the accident to the public.
reporters
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