Section Ⅲ Using Language
维度一：品句填词
1.Could you please tell me your flight information — your （出发） time and your arrival time？
2.To improve my spoken English， I want to （抓住） this great opportunity.
3.As I know， he is enthusiastic， （乐观的） and friendly to the person that he meets.
4.I have a （坚定的） belief that the children there will surely have a brighter future.
5.I find it hard to （合作） with those who always stick to their own opinions.
6.I will move on to make further progress to live up to your e in the future.
7.To solve this problem， the government should take measures to reduce the e of education.
维度二：词形转换
1.Some students feel （depress） or even drop out without achieving anything.
2.He is genuinely （motivate） by a desire to become successful and help people.
3.The booming Internet increases our （expose） to various information and knowledge.
4.We discovered that the grass and flowers grew well， and the （surround） were quiet.
5. （cooperate） with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different （angle）， thus giving us more insights into our own culture.
6.There is no （deny） that we should form healthy living habits such as going to bed early， rising early and taking regular exercise.
7.I recalled that it was your （reason） words that motivated me to stick to my dream.
8.Taking exercise can not only （strength） your body but also release you from stress.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.We， Senior 3 students， should be positive and brave when （come） across any problems.
2.With more people （visit） China， I’m writing to ask for your permission to launch a Chinese folk custom club.
3.As a mature young man， you should always side fairness and justice.
4.He often participates in class discussions and hence he ends up （be） more and more competent.
5. （毋庸置疑） through this activity，we students not only have a better understanding of the society but also learn how to help people around us.
6.It will （花一大笔钱） if you want to get a nursing qualification.
7. （如果有必要）， you can turn to your teachers for help when you feel depressed.
8. （总之）， going abroad to study has many advantages.
维度四：课文语法填空
In recent years， studying abroad 1. （be） popular in our country.Is it good or bad 2. （study） abroad？ In my opinion， the disadvantages for young people are greater.
On the one hand， many students 3. study abroad are faced with great economic pressure， meaning 4. is not possible for everyone to study abroad.Not all the families can afford the huge cost of their children’s overseas study， for the tuition fees and living expenses are much higher than at home.Studying in China is much more convenient and can help save money.
On 5. other hand， some students must learn how to live in a（n） 6. （familiar） environment with limited language skills.They are likely to struggle and suffer 7. culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.Others may encounter problems of personal safety.Apart from these， different 8. （approach） to teaching and learning may be a shock to many students.
Actually， young people studying in China also have a great future to look forward to！ With China 9. （boom） fast， the educational environment has 10. （significant） improved.Many great universities have great facilities and outstanding professors， helping to educate the young who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country.
So when you think about studying abroad， you should consider these many factors.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·南通高二下学期质检）
Behavioural economist Dr Dan Ariely highlights “three irrational （非理性的） behaviours in our human nature” that come through when shopping for and purchasing items. The first one is love. People fall in love with their possessions. These emotions go beyond the original purpose of buying a product. Some emotional connections and experiences are tied to it.
You can develop an emotional connection to an item through the process of putting it together. The “IKEA Effect” details the sense of pride and admiration people have for what they’ve accomplished after investing time and energy into putting an item together.
Professor Mike Norton， professor Daniel Mochon， and behavioural economist Dr Dan Ariely have written about what they’ve named the “IKEA Effect”.Visiting IKEA is an adventurous shopping experience. It’s a large store with a showroom， restaurant， and childcare area， and it offers customers oversized shopping bags for holding smaller items. Its second-floor showroom has all the assembled furniture， accents， and accessories. Customers shopping for furniture see what they like， write down its location in the showroom， and pick up the boxes with the parts to assemble the item on the first floor. It took some work to get it， but now it’s time to go home and begin assembling this special piece of furniture.
After getting home， shoppers unload and open their boxes. Let’s say you bought a chest of drawers and think putting it together cannot be that hard. Time to create a masterpiece！ About six hours go by， after a few choice words and the thought of taking a hammer to it， but， finally， you have a chest of drawer for all to admire. You built it and now you feel even more connected to it because you invested your time into making it. The feeling is beyond attachment； it is now a feeling of accomplishment and admiration for the thing you put together. This is what Norton， Mochon， and Ariely say is the “IKEA Effect”.
1.What do we learn about IKEA？
A.It has at least four floors.
B.It’s a common supermarket.
C.You can have a DIY experience there.
D.You are not allowed to eat food there.
2.What leads to the “IKEA Effect”？
A.The high quality of the product.
B.Your effort put into the product.
C.Your expectation of the product.
D.The reasonable price of the product.
3.Which of the following would best express the “IKEA Effect”？
A.Buy what you like.
B.Like what you buy.
C.If you build it， you’ll love it.
D.If you want it， you’ll own it.
4.What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text？
A.To clarify a truth.
B.To introduce a theory.
C.To provide a solution.
D.To make an assumption.
B
（2024·烟台高二下学期月考）English is the working language of many international organizations and the most widely-taught foreign language in the world.
But of the about 1.5 billion people who speak English， less than 400 million call it their first language， according to the World Economic Forum.That means roughly 1.5 billion people out of the world’s 7.5 billion inhabitants speak it as a second — or third， or fourth — language.
What’s more， different countries have adapted English to fit their own cultures.For example， there’s a difference between British English and American English， with different words used for the same object， like “elevator” versus “lift”.
Between 1641 and 1853， Japan stopped its people from leaving and foreigners from entering.Japan opened its doors to the world during the Meiji Restoration.English-speaking foreigners flooded in and influenced Japanese society and the language.The term “Engrish” first appeared as an Asian mispronunciation of the word English in the 1940s.It began to be used to refer to incorrect Asian English in the 1980s.
In Japan， schoolkids are required to study English as a second language for up to 5 years.However， many Japanese have a hard time speaking it fluently as they have little daily exposure to the language.English education in Japan is focused on making students pass tests， as opposed to developing practical skills they can use in real life.
In 2003， the government introduced a five-year plan designed to shift the focus to improving speaking skills.But old habits die hard， and the culture does not support those who act differently， according to Kaya Taguchi， a professor at Tokyo University， who has written about Engrish and language education in Japan.
“Students are more willing to speak now.But they are hesitant to speak up in class， probably because of our culture — standing out from a crowd is not considered a virtue，” Taguchi tells CNN Travel.
On top of that， English and Japanese are worlds apart in terms of vocabulary， grammar and pronunciation.
5.How many English speakers regard English as their first language？
A.About 5%. B.About 15%.
C.About 20%. D.About 27%.
6.What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about？
A.How “Engrish” was born in Japan.
B.Why “Engrish” was popular in Japan.
C.The influence English has on Japan.
D.The problems with English in Japan.
7.What does the underlined part “old habits die hard” in Paragraph 6 refer to about Japanese students？
A.They like learning English.
B.They focus on passing exams.
C.They focus on practical skills.
D.They like behaving differently.
8.What can we infer about Japanese students？
A.They are creative.
B.They are independent.
C.They are shy and quiet.
D.They are outgoing and brave.
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2024·郑州高二上学期期末考试）A mother in East China went to celebrate her son’s birthday at school — but her son’s 9 took her by surprise.The loving mother decided to surprise her son by 10 up in a cartoon bear clothes and bringing him a cake during class.
To her astonishment， the boy immediately 11 her mother by her hands and ran to give her a big 12 .The heart-warming video filmed on Monday 13 the mother in a blue bear 14 walking towards her son’s classroom with a birthday cake in her hand.
After 15 the cake to the teacher， she goes into the classroom to celebrate his birthday with the other children.“Look who’s here！” the teacher 16 to the boy.
The boy 17 around and said， “Teacher， this is my mum！” The teacher asked， “How do you know？” “Her hands！” the boy replied with great 18 .
The 19 mother then showed her 20 by removing the big head of the bear and the happy boy jumped into her arms.“I didn’t 21 him to spot me at all，” the mother， Liu， told video news site Pear.“I was so 22 that I cried！”
Many net users were moved by the video， which has been 23 more than 4.6 million times on social media.“You wouldn’t be able to spot your mother by her hands if you didn’t truly love her！” one user said.“This is so heart-warming.Your child actually loves you more than you think！”
9.A.idea B.behaviour
C.advice D.request
10.A.dressing B.bringing
C.making D.standing
11.A.remembered B.encouraged
C.contacted D.recognised
12.A.time B.shock
C.hug D.smile
13.A.protects B.shows
C.sights D.reminds
14.A.suit B.shoes
C.hat D.watch
15.A.passing B.handling
C.solving D.putting
16.A.smiled at B.looked up
C.called out D.turned down
17.A.hanged B.walked
C.pushed D.turned
18.A.respect B.confidence
C.mind D.thought
19.A.frightened B.disappointed
C.surprised D.forgetful
20.A.cheeks B.arms
C.hair D.face
21.A.expect B.dream
C.make D.care
22.A.shocked B.amused
C.touched D.annoyed
23.A.filed B.viewed
C.imagined D.gained
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华。你将代表你校给来自加拿大的某游学团介绍中国的日常礼仪，内容包括：
1.礼仪在中国的重要性；
2.介绍两条中国人的日常礼仪。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day， Alex， a 12-year-old school boy in a small town， got the news that the World Chess Championship taking place in the neighbouring city of Grandington. Fueled by his deep passion for chess， Alex decided to enter the competition， even though he was not officially invited. He had a feeling that he could stand a chance against some of the world’s most skilled chess players.
The following morning， Alex packed his chessboard， chess pieces. With a mix of nervousness and determination， he boarded the train to Grandington. Once he arrived， the big city overwhelmed him with its tall buildings， bright lights， and the energy of chess enthusiasts from around the world.
With the help of a friendly stranger， Alex managed to find the tournament venue （比赛场地）. The hall was enormous， filled with rows of chess tables and players engaged in intense matches.
As Alex glanced around， he noticed how small he felt compared to the chess celebrities surrounding him. Taking a deep breath， Alex approached the registration desk. The tournament organisers were surprised to see such a young boy standing before them， but they couldn’t turn him away. Sensing his determination， they reluctantly allowed him to participate， considering it a good opportunity for the other players to demonstrate their skills against a young talent.
As the championship progressed， Alex’s opponents underestimated （低估） him due to his age. They saw him as an easy win， but little did they know that Alex possessed a strategic mind and a skill of unconventional moves. With each round， Alex surprised both the players with his brilliant plays. Word quickly spread about the young prodigy （天才） who had accidentally entered the championship. The media became excited by Alex’s story， and soon cameras and reporters flocked to capture his journey. Despite facing experienced opponents， Alex’s passion for the game and his focus helped him advance through the ranks. His victories grew more remarkable with each passing day. People from all corners of the world began cheering for him， sending messages of support and admiration.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
In the final round， Alex found himself facing the world chess champion.
Alex’s unexpected victory made him a household name.
Section Ⅲ Using Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.departure 2.grasp 3.optimistic 4.firm 5.cooperate 6.expectations 7.expense
维度二
1.depressed 2.motivated 3.exposure 4.surroundings 5.Cooperating； angles 6.denying 7.reasonable 8.strengthen
维度三
1.coming 2.visiting 3.with 4.being 5.There is no denying that 6.cost you an arm and a leg 7.If necessary 8.In summary
维度四
1.has been 2.to study 3.who/that 4.it 5.the
6.unfamiliar 7.from 8.approaches 9.booming
10.significantly
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了行为经济学领域的一个术语——宜家效应。它指这样一种现象：当我们对某件商品（尤指自己组装的家具）投入时间和努力后，我们就会对它产生情感依恋并深爱它。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，宜家是一家主要销售家具的商场，它有两层，里面有饭馆，在一楼可以自己组装家具。DIY就是指“自己动手做；自己组装”。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的investing time and energy into putting an item together和第四段中的you feel even more connected to it because you invested your time into making it可知，“宜家效应”发生的关键在于我们对所购买商品（家具）付出的时间和努力。
3.C 推理判断题。综合全文可知，“宜家效应”指这样一种现象：当我们对某件商品投入时间和努力后，我们就会对它产生情感并深爱它。
4.B 写作目的题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了行为经济学领域的一个术语——宜家效应，这属于一个理论。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。日本学生学习英语的重点是通过考试而非掌握实用技能。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，全球大约有15亿人说英语，其中只有不到4亿人将英语作为第一语言使用。
6.A 段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段主要告诉我们Engrish在日本是如何诞生的。
7.B 词义猜测题。根据第五、六段可知，日本学生一直将英语学习的重点放在通过考试上；虽然日本政府制定了将英语学习重点转移到实际能力上的五年计划，但是长期以来形成的局面很难改变。
8.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，日本学生在课堂上不爱发言，他们的文化特征是不喜欢在众人面前表现自己。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一位母亲为了给儿子一个惊喜，在儿子生日那天穿上卡通熊的衣服，在课堂上给他带了一个蛋糕。儿子看到妈妈的手后立刻认出了她，并给了她一个大大的拥抱。
9.B 根据下文语境可知，此处指儿子通过对方的手就认出对方是自己的母亲这一行为。
10.A 根据下文the mother in a blue bear可知，母亲穿上了一身卡通服装。dress up为固定短语，意为“乔装，打扮”。
11.D 根据下文“Teacher， this is my mum！” The teacher asked， “How do you know？” “Her hands！”可知，小男孩通过母亲的手认出是她。
12.C 根据下文the happy boy jumped into her arms可知，小男孩给了母亲一个大大的拥抱。
13.B 根据下文Many net users were moved by the video可知，这是一段视频，视频显示的内容是儿子通过母亲的手认出对方这件事。
14.A 根据上文in a cartoon bear clothes可知，母亲穿着一身蓝色卡通熊套装。
15.A 根据空后the cake to the teacher可知，母亲把蛋糕递给老师。
16.C 根据上文Look who’s here！可知，老师朝男孩大喊。call out to sb表示“朝某人大喊”。
17.D 根据上文“Look who’s here！” the teacher 16 to the boy.可知，男孩听到老师叫喊，转过身来。turn around为固定短语，意为“转身”。
18.B 根据上文“Teacher， this is my mum！” The teacher asked， “How do you know？” “Her hands！”可知，男孩因为看到母亲的手，所以确定了母亲的身份，他回答得很自信。
19.C 根据上文but her son’s 9 took her by surprise可知，母亲因为小男孩的行为感到惊讶。
20.D 根据空后by removing the big head of the bear可知，看到儿子认出自己，惊讶的母亲把熊的大头拿掉，露出了脸。
21.A 根据上文but her son’s 9 took her by surprise可知，母亲因为小男孩的行为感到惊讶，所以母亲没有预料到儿子能认出自己。
22.C 根据语境可知，母亲在接受采访时表示自己很感动。
23.B 根据语境可知，这一段视频发布到网上后被观看超过460万次。
Ⅲ.
It is known to all that China is a nation of etiquette. In China being polite is a tradition and courtesy plays an important role in people’s daily lives.
In China， the most fundamental etiquette is to offer greetings. When we come across the acquaintances we usually say “ni hao （Hello！）” or ask “ni chi le ma （Have you eaten？）” as a way of exchange greetings.
When we ask for somebody’s help， we often say “qing （Please）” or “ma fan yi xia （Sorry to trouble you.）”. There is another formal expression “lao jia”， which is similar to “Excuse me” in English.
Finally， always keep in mind that golden rule — When in Rome do as the Romans do.
Ⅳ.
In the final round， Alex found himself facing the world chess champion. The grandmaster is well known for his unbeatable strategies. The match was intense， with both players displaying incredible skill and determination. The eyes of the world were fixed upon the young boy who had entered this tournament by chance. As the game reached its climax， the grandmaster made a fatal error， allowing Alex to seize the opportunity and deliver a deadly blow. The crowd erupted into thunderous applause， witnessing the rise of a new chess prodigy.
Alex’s unexpected victory made him a household name. He became an inspiration to aspiring chess players worldwide， proving that age was no barrier to achieving greatness. The world hailed him as a true chess genius. But amidst the fame and glory， Alex remained humble. He continued to study and practice， knowing that the journey to becoming a true chess grand master had just begun. With every move， he inspired countless others to chase their dreams and reminded them that sometimes， the greatest adventures come from the most unexpected beginnings.
7 / 7Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part Ⅰ Talk about Chinese language learning abroad
听说课前清障 ——排除疑难，胸有成竹
1.setting n.环境；背景；（小说等的）情节背景
2.grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧
3.the Confucius Institute 孔子学院
4.make dumplings 包饺子
5.a great inspiration 伟大的灵感
6.cultural exchange 文化交流
7.break down language and cultural barriers
打破语言和文化障碍
8.She said that during Chinese New Year， families usually sit together and make dumplings.
她说在春节期间，家人通常坐在一起包饺子。
话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1、2题。
1.What did the woman work for five years ago？
A.The EU. B.The BBC. C.The VOA.
2.Where did the woman grow up？
A.In America. B.In Britain. C.In Argentina.
听第2段材料，回答第3至5题。
3.What is the woman doing when the man speaks to her？
A.Listening to music.
B.Writing a letter.
C.Seeing a film.
4.What will the woman do before she leaves for France？
A.Attend a language class.
B.Read more French novels.
C.Apply for a new programme.
5.What does the woman think is most important for one to study abroad？
A.The ability to learn new languages quickly.
B.The ability to learn new things quickly.
C.The mastery of a foreign language.
听第3段材料，回答第6至8题。
6.What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A.Roommates.
B.Agent and client.
C.Landlord and agent.
7.What happened to the woman in Wimbledon？
A.She lived with messy people.
B.She had to share a bathroom.
C.She had many chances to make new friends.
8.What kind of person might interest the man？
A.A quiet man.
B.A clean person.
C.An international student.
听第4段材料，回答第9至12题。
A.Can I help you？
B.I can’t understand them.
C.Peter is happy to learn driving.
D.He can’t understand Chinese grammar.
E.Do you often listen to Chinese programs？
F.How long have you been studying Chinese？
G.Peter， I always think learning a language is rather like learning to drive.
9.Where is the speaker？
A.In a library.
B.In a laboratory.
C.In a classroom.
10.What is the speaker explaining？
A.A weekly timetable.
B.A book review.
C.A study plan.
11.What will the students practise on Wednesday morning？
A.Reading and writing.
B.Listening and speaking.
C.Grammar and computer.
12.When is the library open every weekday afternoon？
A.From 3：00 to 6：00 p.m.
B.From 3：00 to 6：30 p.m.
C.From 3：30 to 6：00 p.m.
话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
Peter就汉语学习中遇到的问题征询张教授的意见。
阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
M：Hello， Professor Zhang.I’m Peter.
W：Hello， Peter. 1
M：Yeah.I have been studying Chinese for many years， and I have learnt a lot of grammar and vocabulary， but I find it difficult to talk with Chinese people. 2
W：Well， that’s a problem. 3
M：Three years in junior school， and two years in senior school.
W：Um.How do you learn Chinese？ 4
M：I often attend Chinese training programs.
W：Oh， I see. 5 If you want to drive perfectly， you have to practice over and over.Similarly， if you want to speak Chinese well， you need lots of practice.
主持人就汉语学习问题对Jane进行了采访。
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
A：1. （我们很高兴迎来一位优秀的汉语学习者）.Hi， Jane.Welcome to the show.
B：Thanks for inviting me.
A：Tell us， 2. （您最大的挑战是什么） in learning Chinese at the beginning？
B：Well， I suppose it was difficult to grasp the tones at first.
A：3. （您是怎么克服的）？
B：Getting involved with Chinese cultural activities in the Confucius Institute definitely helped a lot.I practised my Chinese on a daily basis， and I could learn how native Chinese speakers spoke.
A：4. （您觉得您最大的成就是什么）？
B：Learning Chinese characters！ 5. （迄今为止，我已经学了1，500个）.When I first started， I didn’t think it was even going to be possible to learn so many， but now I find that I can read signs， menus， and even some easy newspaper articles.
A：6. （您最喜欢的是什么）？
B：I’ve really become keen on learning more about the Chinese culture， 7. （尤其是中国书法）.As I have learnt Chinese characters， I have developed a great appreciation for their meaning.I want to explore Chinese characters by learning how to write them in a more beautiful way.
A：Finally， 8. （您想对那些有兴趣学习汉语的人说什么）？
B：I’d say， give it a shot！ 9. （尽管某些方面可能很困难）， it is quite rewarding and you will be happy that you tried.
A：10. （感谢您宝贵的时间）.
B：You’re welcome.
听力技巧点拨 ——授之以渔，证之以例
重视听力场景词
听力材料的选用非常重视语言的真实性和交际性，语言材料一般来源于实际生活，即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、天气、生活环境等话题，可分为校园、公共场所、家庭等方面，如：shopping， finding the way， doing one’s homework， seeing a doctor， making a phone call， weather report， asking for different kinds of information等。
1.常见的提问方式：
Where does/did this conversation probably take place？
Where are the two speakers？
Where can you see such plants？
2.题型特点：此类题的选项大都是表示地点或方向的介词短语，主要考查学生的分析推理能力，即根据对话所提供的信息，推断出对话所发生的地点和场景。
3.解题技巧：
（1）捕捉场景词汇
常见的饭馆场景词汇：
order 点菜 serve上菜
menu 菜单 bill 账单
tip 小费 change 零钱
pay the bill 付账 Help yourself. 请随便吃。
（2）捕捉场景惯用语
常见的饭馆场景惯用语：
It’s my treat. 今天我请客。
Do you have a reservation？ 你们有预订吗？
Could I have the menu， please？
可以看一下菜单吗？
What’s your most popular dish？
你们最受欢迎的菜是什么？
I’m sorry， but this steak is overcooked.
很遗憾，这牛排太老了。
【典例】 Where does the conversation most probably take place？
A.In a kitchen.
B.In a restaurant.
C.In a supermarket.
【听力材料】
W：Are you ready to order now？
M：Yes.I’ll have some salad， roast beef， and mashed potatoes.
W：How do you want the beef？
M：Well-done.
【分析】 此段对话中女士问Are you ready to order now？，再结合男士的回答Yes. I’ll have some salad， roast beef， and mashed potatoes.，可以很快确定正确答案为B项。
Part Ⅱ Express your opinions on studying abroad
1.What’s the main idea of the text？
A.The advantages of studying abroad.
B.The disadvantages of studying abroad.
C.The advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad.
D.The disadvantages of studying abroad outweigh the advantages.
2.How do Wang Li and Zhang Yi present their views？
A.By listing reasons.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By citing others’ opinions.
D.By analysing data.
3.How does studying abroad benefit people’s personal growth？
A.They will get a stricter education.
B.They will become more independent.
C.They will receive much financial help.
D.They will do whatever they want.
4.What’s the purpose of the passage？
A.To show the benefits of studying abroad.
B.To share two views on studying abroad.
C.To show the problems with studying abroad.
D.To share two experiences on studying abroad.
Step 1 品教材课文 Step 2 析写作手法
STUDYING ABROAD： IS IT A GOOD OR A BAD IDEA？ Dear Editor， In the past few decades， there has been a dramatic increase in the number of people studying abroad.Although studying abroad can bring great benefits， I think the disadvantages for young people are greater. To begin with， many students who study abroad face great economic pressure.That means studying abroad is just not possible for everyone.Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg.Studying in China is much more convenient and can help save money. Another important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure that comes with studying abroad.Students must learn how to live in an unfamiliar environment with limited language skills.Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.Other students are not mature enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed.Some students might even encounter problems with personal safety.In addition， different approaches to teaching and learning may come as a shock to many students. [1]A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits， young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to！ As China has boomed， the educational environment has improved significantly， with many great universities now available.They have great facilities and outstanding professors， helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country. [1]that引导表语从句；其中while引导让步状语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。 To sum up， one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages， so when you think about studying abroad， you should consider these many factors. Kind regards， Wang Li （mother of twin girls） Dear Editor， Is studying abroad a good idea or not？ There are certainly disadvantages， but in my opinion， the advantages are much greater.As I always tell my son， there are no great difficulties for a person who is brave， optimistic， and willing to work hard！ The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth.[2]The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better.For example， you will certainly become more independent because you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself.Studying abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective and improve your general competence. [2]定语从句you gain和you have分别修饰先行词education和experiences。 一、学结构 第一封信：开门见山地指出尽管留学大有裨益，但留学对年轻人来说是弊大于利；然后文章通过三段文字阐述了出国留学的弊端： 首先，许多留学生面临着巨大的经济压力，这意味着并非每个人都有留学的可能；另外一个重要因素是留学所带来的巨大压力；最后要考虑的一点是：尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处，但是在中国读书的年轻人同样未来可期！ 最后总结：综上所述，我们无法否认的事实是：留学有其弊端。因此当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。 第二封信：开门见山地指出留学当然有其弊端，但作者认为利大于弊；然后文章通过三段文字阐述了出国留学的好处。 留学的第一个好处就是个人成长；留学的另一个好处是获得更多文化交流的机会；最后，留学是为祖国的发展作出贡献的好机会。 最后总结：总而言之，留学有助于塑造品格，增进人们对文化多样性的了解，同时增强中国实力，打造人类命运共同体。
Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange.Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations.International students in China also bring their colourful cultures here. Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture. Finally， studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland.China’s global outlook， with projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative， has helped us make connections across the world.Therefore， China needs more talented young people with a global perspective who are highly competent with languages， have leadership and organisational skills， and have strong cultural awareness.Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities， and these in turn will provide them with better career opportunities. All in all， studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all.I think this life-changing experience is certainly worthwhile， and I hope my child will study abroad in the future. Sincerely yours， Zhang Yi （father of one boy） 二、学语言 第一封信： 文章用although引导的让步状语从句开门见山。 下文三段分别用To begin with、 Another important factor to consider is和A final point to consider is that引出三个弊端。 最后一段用To sum up进行总结。 第二封信： 首句用Is studying abroad a good idea or not？引出话题，紧接着在第二句中用but引出作者真正想表达的意思。 下面三段分别用The first advantage、 Another advantage和Finally引出三个出国留学的好处。 最后一段用All in all进行总结。
【参考译文】
留学：好主意，还是坏主意？
尊敬的编辑：
过去几十年里，留学人数急剧增长。尽管留学大有裨益，但我认为，留学对于年轻人来说是弊大于利。
首先，许多留学生面临着巨大的经济压力，那意味着并非每个人都有留学的可能。学费和生活开销比国内贵多了，多数家庭最终可能会花费一大笔钱。 而在中国读书则更加方便，还能省钱。
需要考虑的另一个重要因素是留学所带来的巨大压力。学生必须学会靠有限的语言技能在一个陌生的环境中生活。在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。另一些学生则还不够成熟，无法独立应付各种挑战，因而感到苦闷。有些学生甚至会遭遇人身安全问题。此外，不同的教和学的方式对很多学生来说也是一种冲击。
最后要考虑的一点是：尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处，但是在中国读书的年轻人同样未来可期！随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境已大为改观，优质大学比比皆是。这些高校拥有一流的设施和杰出的教授，助力培养为经济作贡献、进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。
总之，出国留学有不利的一面，这个事实是不可否认的。因此当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。
谨致问候，
王丽（一对双胞胎女孩的母亲）
尊敬的编辑：
留学是个好主意还是坏主意呢？留学当然有其弊端，但我认为利大于弊。我时常告诫我儿子：对勇敢、乐观、愿意拼搏的人来说，世上无难事！
留学的第一个好处就是个人成长。你获得的教育和拥有的经历将有助于你提升自我。例如，由于你需要独自应对各种困难，你一定会变得更加独立。留学还有助于你获得全球视野，提升综合能力。
留学的另一个好处是获得更多文化交流的机会。中国留学生可被视为增进国际友谊的文化使者。在华的外国留学生也带来他们丰富多彩的文化。与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。
最后，留学是为祖国的发展作出贡献的好机会。中国“一带一路”倡议等项目的全球前景帮助我们与世界建立联系。因此，中国需要更多有才能、有国际视野、语言能力极强、具有领导力和组织能力、拥有强烈文化意识的年轻人。海外求学的学生能够培养这类技能，而这些技能反过来又将为他们带来更好的就业机会。
总而言之，留学有助于塑造品格，增进人们对文化多样性的理解，同时增强中国实力，打造人类命运共同体。我认为这改变一生的经历当然是值得的，我希望我的孩子将来去国外留学。
谨致问候，
张毅（一个男孩的父亲）
Step 3 背出彩佳句
一、提出要讨论的话题
1.I’m writing to tell you about a discussion in our school about whether to study abroad.
我写信是要告诉你我们学校一场关于是否出国留学的讨论。
2.A heated debate has been held in our class about whether to study at home or abroad.Opinions vary on this topic.
关于是在国内学习还是出国留学，我们班进行了一场激烈的辩论。关于这个话题众说纷纭。
3.Recent years， more and more Chinese students have chosen to study abroad.
近年来，越来越多的中国学生选择出国留学。
4.Different people have different opinions about studying abroad.
不同的人对出国留学有不同的看法。
二、列举优缺点
1.Studying abroad is often considered as a great opportunity which will lead to a bright future.
出国留学往往被认为是通向光明未来的好机会。
2.There is no better opportunity to improve a second language than studying abroad.
出国留学是提高第二语言的最好机会。
3.Studying abroad， you make memories that will last a lifetime.
出国留学，你会留下终生难忘的回忆。
4.Living in a new environment can help you experience the new local conditions and customs， and broaden your personal horizons.
生活在一个新环境可以帮助你体验全新的风土人情，拓宽你的个人视野。
5.We will experience cultural shock if we study abroad.
如果出国留学，我们将经历文化冲击。
6.Some students may not be able to adapt to a new environment of studying and living.
一些学生可能无法适应新的学习和生活环境。
7.They have to deal with many unexpected hardships since they are away from their parents and homeland.因为远离父母和祖国，他们不得不应付许多意想不到的困难。
8.When you go to a foreign country， you will miss your family and feel lonely easily.当你去了国外，你会想念你的家人，并很容易感到孤独。
9.You will probably have times when you miss your family， friends， food， and everything familiar.有些时候你会想念家人、朋友、食物和一切熟悉的事物。
三、发表个人观点
1.As the old saying goes，“Every coin has two sides.”俗话说：“任何事物都有两面性。”
2.Therefore， whether it is good or not to study abroad depends on the individual.So take more factors into careful consideration.
因此，出国留学无论是好还是坏取决于个人。所以要仔细考虑更多因素。
3.As far as I’m concerned， the advantages of studying abroad far outweigh its disadvantages.
就我而言，出国留学的利远大于弊。
4.The way I see it， studying abroad isn’t suitable for everyone. You need to think twice before you make a decision.在我看来，出国留学并不适合每个人。作决定之前你需要三思。
5.To sum up， studying abroad offers you an opportunity to immerse yourself in a new culture， learn a new language and customs， and gain a firsthand experience of the people， traditions， and history of the host country.
总之，出国留学为你提供了一个机会，让自己沉浸在一种新的文化中，学习一种新的语言和习俗，并获得有关该国人民、传统和历史的第一手体验。
假定你是李华，最近你的美国笔友Jackson在考虑是否要出国留学，他来信征求你的意见。请你就此用英语给他回复一封电子邮件，阐述你的观点，并给出理由（不少于三点）。
Dear Jackson，
Yours，
Li Hua
一、合理布局，精心谋篇
二、遣词造句，规范得体
1.开头：亮出观点。
坦率地说，我认为出国留学很有意义。
Frankly， I think it .
2.根据下面的提示给出理由。
（1）出国留学时，我们会身处一种外语环境，这使得学习过程有趣且有效。
while we are studying abroad .
（2）沐浴在异国文化中，我们可以对世界有深刻的了解。
a foreign country， we can gain great insights into the world.
（3）出国留学让我们走出舒适区，让我们变得更好，这在我看来是最重要的。
and changes us for the better， .
3.结尾：作出总结
综合考虑，我希望你能选择出国留学，开始新生活。
All things considered， .
三、恰当衔接，自然过渡
用连接词to begin with和moreover连接第2题中的句（1）和（2）。
四、认真誊写，赏心悦目
核心词汇集释
behave vt.表现vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌
【教材原句】 Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
【用法】
（1）behave oneself 守规矩/举止得体
behave well 表现得好
（2）well-behaved adj. 表现好的
badly-behaved adj. 表现差的
（3）behaviour n. 行为；举止；习性
【佳句】 The following are some reasonable suggestions on how to behave ourselves in public places. （建议信）
下面是在公共场合我们如何守规矩的一些合理化建议。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The shop assistants behave very （good） towards customers.
②As far as I am concerned， all of us should mind our （behave） in our daily lives.
【写美】 完成句子
③Generally speaking， will be respected by others while are made fun of.
一般来说，表现好的人会受到别人的尊重，而表现不好的人则会被取笑。
surroundings n.[pl.] 环境；周围的事物
【用法】
（1）surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的
（2）surround vt. 围绕；包围
surround ...with/by ... 用……包围……
be surrounded with/by ... 被……包围
【佳句】 To sum up， you are welcome to our school and I sincerely hope that you can adapt to the new surroundings soon.
总之，欢迎你来我们学校，我真诚地希望你可以尽快适应新环境。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Sheep and cattle are wandering on the green grass and birds are singing in the （surround）forests.
【写美】 完成句子
② who can motivate you and you will become increasingly competent and confident.
与那些能激励你的人在一起，你会变得越来越能干和自信。
strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固
【教材原句】 They have great facilities and outstanding professors， helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country.
这些高校拥有一流的设施和杰出的教授，助力培养为经济作贡献、进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。
【用法】
（1）strengthen cooperation 加强合作
（2）strength n. 力气；力量；强项
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
build up one’s strength/body 强身健体
【佳句】 With our joint efforts， I do believe we can strengthen the friendship between China and the UK.
通过我们的共同努力，我的确相信我们能够增进中英之间的友谊。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①My recent ambition is to engage in more activities （strength） my body.
②Knowing your （strong） and weaknesses will help you achieve your dreams.
【写美】 完成句子
③Playing table tennis not only helps to but also brings pleasure to my life. 打乒乓球不仅有助于增强我的力量和信心，而且给我的生活带来乐趣。
gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n.好处；增加
【教材原句】 The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better.你获得的教育和拥有的经历将有助于你提升自我。
【用法】
（1）gain ...from/by ...从……中受益
gain one’s respect/trust 获得某人的尊重/信任
（2）gain in 增加……
No pain， no gain. 不劳无获。
【佳句】 I would like to go to the library to study every day and do some reading to gain more knowledge.
我想每天去图书馆学习，读点书来获得更多知识。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We need to take action to enhance what we are good at and gain experience our failures.
②She’s certainly gained confidence over the last couple of years.
【写美】 完成句子
③Thanks to their encouragement， I later made great progress in the test， and .
由于他们的鼓励，我后来在考试中取得了很大进步，并获得了很大信心。
deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝
【教材原句】 To sum up， one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages...
总之，出国留学有不利的一面，这个事实是不可否认的……
【用法】
（1）deny doing sth否认做某事
deny sb sth＝deny sth to sb 拒绝给予某人某物
（2）There is no denying （the fact） that ... 毋庸置疑……；不可否认……
No one can deny the fact that ... 没有人可以否认……这一事实
【佳句】 From my perspective， no one can deny the fact that Confucius is the most representative symbol of Chinese culture.
在我看来，没有人可以否认孔子是中国文化最具代表性的象征这一事实。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①What made me annoyed was that he denied （make） a promise to mend my tablet for free.
②As far as I know， no one should （deny） a good education.
【写美】 完成句子
③ I have gained a lot from this fantastic Spoken English Club.
没有人能否认这一事实：我从这个很棒的英语口语俱乐部中学到了很多东西。
重点句型解构
句型公式：状语从句的省略
【教材原句】 Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
【用法】
（1）当when、 while、 unless、 as if、 if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词的某种形式时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词或it和be动词。
（2）若省略句中的谓语动词和主语构成主动关系，使用动词-ing形式；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词。
【品悟】 As far as I know， you must keep these points in mind when comforting others.
据我所知，在安慰别人的时候你一定要记住这些要点。
【写美】 完成句子
① ， the advisor confidently spoke up at the meeting.
当被要求对产品进行演示时，这位顾问自信地在会上发言。
②You should do moderate exercise， which helps you relax and concentrate better . （建议信）
你应该做适度的运动，这可以帮助你上课时更好地放松和集中注意力。
③ ， I will cooperate with them to evaluate the expenses of the project.
如果可能，我会配合他们评估此项目的费用。
句型公式：with复合结构
【教材原句】 As China has boomed， the educational environment has improved significantly， with many great universities now available.
随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境已大为改观，现在优质大学比比皆是。
【用法】
with＋
宾语＋
【品悟】 ①I threw myself into my grandma’s arms， with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in my eyes.（读后续写之心理描写）
我扑进奶奶的怀里，羞愧和尴尬的泪水涌出了我的眼睛。
②With many unexpected problems emerging， he was like a cat on hot bricks.
由于出现了许多意想不到的问题，他像一只热锅上的蚂蚁。
【写美】 完成句子
① ， he stretched his body and walked out of the study with a satisfied smile.
完成工作后，他舒展身体，带着满意的笑容走出了书房。
② ， I am writing to ask for your tips. （求助信）
有那么多的课程可供选择，我写信寻求您的建议。
③ ，we sat together and ate mooncakes and fruits，sharing our stories. （话题写作之传统文化）
美丽的月亮高挂在天空，我们坐在一起吃着月饼和水果，分享我们的故事。
情感描写 ①comfort n.安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰 ②overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的 ③overwhelm vt.（常用于被动语态）使不知所措；压倒 ④depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的 ⑤optimistic adj.乐观的 ⑥sincerely adv.真诚地；诚实地 ⑦feel at home舒服自在；不拘束
动作描写 ①grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧 ②gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加n.好处；增加 ③participate vi.参加；参与 ④motivate vt.成为……的动机；激发；激励 ⑤expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于（险境） ⑥strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固 ⑦side with支持；站在……的一边
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1.I the completely unfamiliar surroundings.I a sense of loneliness.
我暴露于完全陌生的环境中，被一种孤独感淹没。
2. I felt as if I had been thrown into a world of darkness.
我是如此沮丧，以至于我感觉好像自己被扔进了黑暗的世界。
3. on my face every day.
我整天愁眉不展。
4.The warm-hearted classmates .
热心的同学真诚地激励我参加集体活动。
5.Gradually， not only .
逐渐地，我不仅不拘束了，而且增强了我的信心。
6.My classmates .I .
我的同学支持我、安慰我，我变得越来越乐观。
7.
我脸上露出了快乐的微笑。
第二步：句式升级造亮点
8.把句1升级为分词作状语
9.把句6合并升级为with复合结构
第三步：过渡衔接连成篇
Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part Ⅰ Talk about Chinese language learning abroad
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题听力提能
1－5 ACCAB 6－10 AACCA 11－12 BC
听力材料：
（Text 1）
M：Who do you work for at the moment？
W：Um， I work for the BBC World Service.I’ve been with the BBC for five years.Before that， I worked as an interpreter for the EU.
M：As you know， this job is based in Geneva.Have you ever lived abroad before？
W：Oh， yes， I have.In fact， I was born in Argentina and I lived there until I was eleven.
M：That’s interesting.Have you travelled much？
W：Oh， yes.I’ve been to all over Europe and many parts of South America.
M：Why did you go to these places？
W：Well， mostly for pleasure， but three years ago I went back to Argentina to cover various political stories in Buenos Aires for the BBC.
（Text 2）
M：Hey， Lisa， what are you watching？
W：A French film.I’m going to spend all next year in France， and I’d better get to know more about its culture.
M：You got accepted into the programme？
W：Sure.
M：That’s wonderful.You must be excited.
W：Excited and nervous.You know I must work on some basic conversational skills.
M：How much French can you understand？
W：Only a little now.But I’ll attend a special language class next month.
M：I wish I were as clever as you in foreign languages.I would love to study abroad.
W：Then why don’t you？ The school has a lot of programmes that don’t require the mastery of a foreign language.You just have to be a kind of person who is quick to learn new things and can get used to a new environment fast.
M：I thought all programmes required one to know a foreign language.Thank you for letting me know this.
（Text 3）
W：Our landlord seems to be looking for a new roommate for us.Did you know that？
M：Really？ No， I didn’t.
W：I love meeting new people all the time， but living under the same roof and meeting new people are different matters.
M：Yes， you’re right.So， what kind of person would you like as a roommate？
W：Well， first of all， someone who is clean and not so noisy.
M：A clean person？ What exactly do you mean？
W：Well， you know， we’re going to share the bathroom and kitchen.When I was living in Wimbledon before， I had such a bad experience with people who couldn’t clean up after themselves.What about you？
M：Me？ Well， someone from abroad might be interesting.As you said， living under the same roof and meeting new people are different matters.I think it would be a good chance to make an international friend.
W：That’s true.Anyway， I hope our landlord will find a nice person to be our roommate.
（Text 4）
Hello， everyone.Welcome to Language International.
Could you please turn to page five？ Now， you see that lessons begin here every weekday at nine a.m.The first class every Monday is grammar practice， followed by a visit to the language laboratory.After a break you have a double lesson of speaking skills.
Tuesday morning begins with a reading skills lesson and after the break， vocabulary development.In the afternoon you’ll go to the library， where you can read， watch a video or practise grammar.
On Wednesday morning you have a lesson on listening skills， and then what we call current affairs.You’ll listen to the news on the radio and discuss what’s going on.After the break it’s another double lesson of speaking skills.
Thursday morning begins with pronunciation， then a special “Life in Britain” class.After the break is grammar practise once again.
Finally on Friday morning in the first lesson you will practise writing skills， followed by a lesson in the computer room.After the break is the weekly review period， where your teacher will help with any problem you may have.
Oh， and don’t forget you can study on your own in the library every weekday from three thirty to six p.m.as well， if you wish！ Thank you.
话题表达实战
Scene One
1－5 ABFEG
Scene Two
1.We are pleased to welcome an outstanding Chinese learner
2.what was your biggest challenge
3.How did you overcome it
4.What do you feel is your biggest achievement
5.I have learnt about 1，500 so far
6.What are you most keen on
7.Chinese calligraphy in particular
8.what do you want to say to those who are interested in learning Chinese
9.While some aspects may be very difficult
10.Thanks for your precious time
Part Ⅱ Express your opinions on studying abroad
【速读语篇·知文意】
1－4 CABB
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.makes good sense to study abroad
2.（1）Exposure to a foreign language setting； makes learning process interesting and effective
（2）Bathed in a different culture of
（3）Studying abroad takes us out of our comfort zone； which is the most important from my point of view
3.I hope you can choose to study abroad and start a new life
三、To begin with， exposure to a foreign language setting while we are studying abroad makes learning process interesting and effective.Moreover， bathed in a different culture of a foreign country， we can gain great insights into the world.
四、
Dear Jackson，
I’m more than delighted to share my opinion， which I hope will be helpful to you.Frankly， I think it makes good sense to study abroad.The reasons are as follows.
To begin with， exposure to a foreign language setting while we are studying abroad makes learning process interesting and effective.Moreover， bathed in a different culture of a foreign country， we can gain great insights into the world.Finally， studying abroad takes us out of our comfort zone and changes us for the better， which is the most important from my point of view.
All things considered， I hope you can choose to study abroad and start a new life.
Yours，
Li Hua
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①well ②behaviour ③well-behaved people； badly-behaved ones
2.①surrounding ②Surround yourself with/by those
3.①to strengthen ②strengths ③build up my strength and confidence
4.①from ②in ③gained much confidence
5.①making ②be denied ③There is no denying that/No one can deny the fact that
重点句型解构
1.①When asked to give a presentation on the product
②while taking lessons ③If possible
2.①With the work finished ②With so many courses to choose from ③With the beautiful moon up in the sky
【教材词汇·练续写】
第一步
1.was exposed to； was overwhelmed by
2.So depressed was I that
3.I had a slight frown
4.sincerely motivated me to participate in group activities
5.did I feel at home， but I also strengthened my confidence
6.sided with me and comforted me； became more and more optimistic
7.A smile of happiness appeared on my face.
第二步
8.Exposed to the completely unfamiliar surroundings， I was overwhelmed by a sense of loneliness.
9.With my classmates siding with me and comforting me， I became more and more optimistic.
第三步
Exposed to the completely unfamiliar surroundings， I was overwhelmed by a sense of loneliness.So depressed was I that I felt as if I had been thrown into a world of darkness.I had a slight frown on my face every day.Luckily， the warm-hearted classmates sincerely motivated me to participate in group activities.Gradually， not only did I feel at home， but I also strengthened my confidence.With my classmates siding with me and comforting me， I became more and more optimistic.At last， a smile of happiness appeared on my face.
15 / 16(共169张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using Language
1
Part Ⅰ Talk about Chinese language learning abroad
目 录
2
Part Ⅱ Express your opinions on studying abroad
Part Ⅰ Talk about Chinese language learning abroad
1
听说课前清障 ——排除疑难，胸有成竹
1. setting n.环境；背景；（小说等的）情节背景
2. grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧
3. the Confucius Institute 孔子学院
4. make dumplings 包饺子
5. a great inspiration 伟大的灵感
6. cultural exchange 文化交流
7. break down language and cultural barriers
打破语言和文化障碍
8. She said that during Chinese New Year， families usually sit together
and make dumplings.
她说在春节期间，家人通常坐在一起包饺子。
话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1、2题。
1. What did the woman work for five years ago？
A. The EU. B. The BBC. C. The VOA.
2. Where did the woman grow up？
A. In America. B. In Britain.
C. In Argentina.
听第2段材料，回答第3至5题。
3. What is the woman doing when the man speaks to her？
A. Listening to music.
B. Writing a letter.
C. Seeing a film.
4. What will the woman do before she leaves for France？
A. Attend a language class.
B. Read more French novels.
C. Apply for a new programme.
5. What does the woman think is most important for one to study abroad？
A. The ability to learn new languages quickly.
B. The ability to learn new things quickly.
C. The mastery of a foreign language.
听第3段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A. Roommates.
B. Agent and client.
C. Landlord and agent.
7. What happened to the woman in Wimbledon？
A. She lived with messy people.
B. She had to share a bathroom.
C. She had many chances to make new friends.
8. What kind of person might interest the man？
A. A quiet man.
B. A clean person.
C. An international student.
听第4段材料，回答第9至12题。
9. Where is the speaker？
A. In a library.
B. In a laboratory.
C. In a classroom.
10. What is the speaker explaining？
A. A weekly timetable.
B. A book review.
C. A study plan.
11. What will the students practise on Wednesday morning？
A. Reading and writing.
B. Listening and speaking.
C. Grammar and computer.
12. When is the library open every weekday afternoon？
A. From 3：00 to 6：00 p.m.
B. From 3：00 to 6：30 p.m.
C. From 3：30 to 6：00 p.m.
听力材料：
A. Can I help you？
B. I can’t understand them.
C. Peter is happy to learn driving.
D. He can’t understand Chinese grammar.
E. Do you often listen to Chinese programs？
F. How long have you been studying Chinese？
G. Peter， I always think learning a language is rather like learning to
drive.
（Text 1）
M：Who do you work for at the moment？
W：Um， I work for the BBC World Service.I’ve been with the BBC
for five years.Before that， I worked as an interpreter for the EU.
M：As you know， this job is based in Geneva.Have you ever lived
abroad before？
W：Oh， yes， I have.In fact， I was born in Argentina and I lived there
until I was eleven.
M：That’s interesting.Have you travelled much？
W：Oh， yes.I’ve been to all over Europe and many parts of South
America.
M：Why did you go to these places？
W：Well， mostly for pleasure， but three years ago I went back to
Argentina to cover various political stories in Buenos Aires for the BBC.
（Text 2）
M：Hey， Lisa， what are you watching？
W：A French film.I’m going to spend all next year in France， and I’d
better get to know more about its culture.
M：You got accepted into the programme？
W：Sure.
M：That’s wonderful.You must be excited.
W：Excited and nervous.You know I must work on some basic
conversational skills.
M：How much French can you understand？
W：Only a little now.But I’ll attend a special language class next
month.
M：I wish I were as clever as you in foreign languages.I would love to
study abroad.
W：Then why don’t you？ The school has a lot of programmes that
don’t require the mastery of a foreign language.You just have to be a
kind of person who is quick to learn new things and can get used to a new
environment fast.
M：I thought all programmes required one to know a foreign
language.Thank you for letting me know this.
（Text 3）
W：Our landlord seems to be looking for a new roommate for us.Did you
know that？
M：Really？ No， I didn’t.
W：I love meeting new people all the time， but living under the same
roof and meeting new people are different matters.
M：Yes， you’re right.So， what kind of person would you like as a
roommate？
W：Well， first of all， someone who is clean and not so noisy.
M：A clean person？ What exactly do you mean？
W：Well， you know， we’re going to share the bathroom and
kitchen.When I was living in Wimbledon before， I had such a bad
experience with people who couldn’t clean up after themselves.What
about you？
M：Me？ Well， someone from abroad might be interesting.As you
said， living under the same roof and meeting new people are different
matters.I think it would be a good chance to make an international friend.
W：That’s true.Anyway， I hope our landlord will find a nice person to
be our roommate.
（Text 4）
Hello， everyone.Welcome to Language International.
Could you please turn to page five？ Now， you see that lessons
begin here every weekday at nine a.m.The first class every Monday is
grammar practice， followed by a visit to the language laboratory.After a
break you have a double lesson of speaking skills.
Tuesday morning begins with a reading skills lesson and after the
break， vocabulary development.In the afternoon you’ll go to the
library， where you can read， watch a video or practise grammar.
On Wednesday morning you have a lesson on listening skills， and
then what we call current affairs.You’ll listen to the news on the radio
and discuss what’s going on.After the break it’s another double lesson
of speaking skills.
Thursday morning begins with pronunciation， then a special “Life
in Britain” class.After the break is grammar practise once again.
Finally on Friday morning in the first lesson you will practise writing
skills， followed by a lesson in the computer room.After the break is the
weekly review period， where your teacher will help with any problem
you may have.
Oh， and don’t forget you can study on your own in the library
every weekday from three thirty to six p.m.as well， if you wish！ Thank
you.
话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
Peter就汉语学习中遇到的问题征询张教授的意见。
阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。选项中有两项为多
余选项。
M：Hello， Professor Zhang.I’m Peter.
W：Hello， Peter. 1
M：Yeah.I have been studying Chinese for many years， and I have learnt
a lot of grammar and vocabulary， but I find it difficult to talk with
Chinese people. 2
W：Well， that’s a problem. 3
M：Three years in junior school， and two years in senior school.
W：Um.How do you learn Chinese？ 4
M：I often attend Chinese training programs.
W：Oh， I see. 5 If you want to drive perfectly， you have to
practice over and over.Similarly， if you want to speak Chinese well，
you need lots of practice.
答案：1－5 ABFEG
主持人就汉语学习问题对Jane进行了采访。
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
A：1.
（我们很高兴迎来一位优秀的汉语学习者）.Hi， Jane.Welcome to the
show.
B：Thanks for inviting me.
A：Tell us， 2. （您最大的挑战是
什么） in learning Chinese at the beginning？
We are pleased to welcome an outstanding Chinese learner
what was your biggest challenge
B：Well， I suppose it was difficult to grasp the tones at first.
A：3. （您是怎么克服的）？
B：Getting involved with Chinese cultural activities in the Confucius
Institute definitely helped a lot.I practised my Chinese on a daily basis，
and I could learn how native Chinese speakers spoke.
A：4. （您觉得您最大
的成就是什么）？
How did you overcome it
What do you feel is your biggest achievement
B：Learning Chinese characters！ 5.
（迄今为止，我已经学了1，500个）.When I first started， I
didn’t think it was even going to be possible to learn so many， but now I
find that I can read signs， menus， and even some easy newspaper
articles.
A：6. （您最喜欢的是什么）？
I have learnt about 1，500 so
far
What are you most keen on
B：I’ve really become keen on learning more about the Chinese
culture， 7. （尤其是中国书
法）.As I have learnt Chinese characters， I have developed a great
appreciation for their meaning.I want to explore Chinese characters by
learning how to write them in a more beautiful way.
A：Finally， 8.
（您想对那些有兴趣学习汉语的人说什么）？
Chinese calligraphy in particular
what do you want to say to those who are interested in
learning Chinese
B：I’d say， give it a shot！ 9.
（尽管某些方面可能很困难）， it is quite rewarding and you
will be happy that you tried.
A：10. （感谢您宝贵的时间）.
B：You’re welcome.
While some aspects may be very
difficult
Thanks for your precious time
听力技巧点拨 ——授之以渔，证之以例
重视听力场景词
听力材料的选用非常重视语言的真实性和交际性，语言材料一
般来源于实际生活，即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、天气、生
活环境等话题，可分为校园、公共场所、家庭等方面，如：
shopping， finding the way， doing one’s homework， seeing a
doctor， making a phone call， weather report， asking for
different kinds of information等。
1. 常见的提问方式：
Where does/did this conversation probably take place？
Where are the two speakers？
Where can you see such plants？
2. 题型特点：此类题的选项大都是表示地点或方向的介词短语，主要
考查学生的分析推理能力，即根据对话所提供的信息，推断出对话
所发生的地点和场景。
3. 解题技巧：
（1）捕捉场景词汇
常见的饭馆场景词汇：
order 点菜 serve上菜
menu 菜单 bill 账单
tip 小费 change 零钱
pay the bill 付账 Help yourself. 请随便吃。
（2）捕捉场景惯用语
常见的饭馆场景惯用语：
It’s my treat. 今天我请客。
Do you have a reservation？ 你们有预订吗？
Could I have the menu， please？
可以看一下菜单吗？
What’s your most popular dish？
你们最受欢迎的菜是什么？
I’m sorry， but this steak is overcooked.
很遗憾，这牛排太老了。
【典例】 Where does the conversation most probably take place？
A. In a kitchen. B. In a restaurant.
C. In a supermarket.
【听力材料】
W：Are you ready to order now？
M：Yes.I’ll have some salad， roast beef， and mashed potatoes.
W：How do you want the beef？
M：Well-done.
【分析】 此段对话中女士问Are you ready to order now？，再结合男
士的回答Yes. I’ll have some salad， roast beef， and mashed
potatoes.，可以很快确定正确答案为B项。
Part Ⅱ Express your opinions on studying abroad
2
1. What’s the main idea of the text？
A. The advantages of studying abroad.
B. The disadvantages of studying abroad.
C. The advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad.
D. The disadvantages of studying abroad outweigh the advantages.
2. How do Wang Li and Zhang Yi present their views？
A. By listing reasons.
B. By making comparisons.
C. By citing others’ opinions.
D. By analysing data.
3. How does studying abroad benefit people’s personal growth？
A. They will get a stricter education.
B. They will become more independent.
C. They will receive much financial help.
D. They will do whatever they want.
4. What’s the purpose of the passage？
A. To show the benefits of studying abroad.
B. To share two views on studying abroad.
C. To show the problems with studying abroad.
D. To share two experiences on studying abroad.
Step 1 品教材课文
STUDYING ABROAD： IS IT A GOOD OR A BAD IDEA？
Dear Editor，
In the past few decades， there has been a dramatic increase in the
number of people studying abroad.Although studying abroad can bring
great benefits， I think the disadvantages for young people are greater.
To begin with， many students who study abroad face great economic
pressure.That means studying abroad is just not possible for
everyone.Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than
at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg.Studying
in China is much more convenient and can help save money.
Another important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure that
comes with studying abroad.Students must learn how to live in an
unfamiliar environment with limited language skills.Some may struggle
and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new
surroundings.Other students are not mature enough to handle the
challenges by themselves and may become depressed.Some students might
even encounter problems with personal safety.In addition， different
approaches to teaching and learning may come as a shock to many
students.
[1]A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have
potential benefits， young people who study in China also have a great
future to look forward to！ As China has boomed， the educational
environment has improved significantly， with many great universities
now available.They have great facilities and outstanding professors，
helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and
further strengthen our country.
[1]that引导表语从句；其中while引导让步状语从句；who引导定
语从句，修饰先行词people。
To sum up， one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its
disadvantages， so when you think about studying abroad， you should
consider these many factors.
Kind regards，
Wang Li （mother of twin girls）
Dear Editor，
Is studying abroad a good idea or not？ There are certainly
disadvantages， but in my opinion， the advantages are much greater.As I
always tell my son， there are no great difficulties for a person who is
brave， optimistic， and willing to work hard！
The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth.[2]The
education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the
better.For example， you will certainly become more independent because
you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself.Studying
abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective and improve your
general competence.
[2]定语从句you gain和you have分别修饰先行词education和
experiences。
Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural
exchange.Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting
friendship between nations.International students in China also bring their
colourful cultures here. Cooperating with people from diverse cultural
backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives
us more insight into our own culture.
Finally， studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute
to the development of our motherland.China’s global outlook， with
projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative， has helped us make
connections across the world.Therefore， China needs more talented
young people with a global perspective who are highly competent with
languages， have leadership and organisational skills， and have strong
cultural awareness.Students who study abroad will develop such skills and
abilities， and these in turn will provide them with better career
opportunities.
All in all， studying abroad helps to build character and increase
people’s understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China
and building a shared future for all.I think this life-changing experience is
certainly worthwhile， and I hope my child will study abroad in the
future.
Sincerely yours，
Zhang Yi （father of one boy）
Step 2 析写作手法
一、学结构
第一封信：开门见山地指出尽管留学大有裨益，但留学对年轻人
来说是弊大于利；然后文章通过三段文字阐述了出国留学的弊端：
首先，许多留学生面临着巨大的经济压力，这意味着并非每个人
都有留学的可能；另外一个重要因素是留学所带来的巨大压力；最后
要考虑的一点是：尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处，但是在中国读书的年
轻人同样未来可期！
最后总结：综上所述，我们无法否认的事实是：留学有其弊端。
因此当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。
第二封信：开门见山地指出留学当然有其弊端，但作者认为利大
于弊；然后文章通过三段文字阐述了出国留学的好处。
留学的第一个好处就是个人成长；留学的另一个好处是获得更多
文化交流的机会；最后，留学是为祖国的发展作出贡献的好机会。
最后总结：总而言之，留学有助于塑造品格，增进人们对文化多
样性的了解，同时增强中国实力，打造人类命运共同体。
二、学语言
第一封信：
文章用although引导的让步状语从句开门见山。
下文三段分别用To begin with、 Another important factor to
consider is和A final point to consider is that引出三个弊端。
最后一段用To sum up进行总结。
第二封信：
首句用Is studying abroad a good idea or not？引出话题，紧接着在
第二句中用but引出作者真正想表达的意思。
下面三段分别用The first advantage、 Another advantage和Finally引
出三个出国留学的好处。
最后一段用All in all进行总结。
【参考译文】
留学：好主意，还是坏主意？
尊敬的编辑：
过去几十年里，留学人数急剧增长。尽管留学大有裨益，但我认
为，留学对于年轻人来说是弊大于利。
首先，许多留学生面临着巨大的经济压力，那意味着并非每个人
都有留学的可能。学费和生活开销比国内贵多了，多数家庭最终可能
会花费一大笔钱。 而在中国读书则更加方便，还能省钱。
需要考虑的另一个重要因素是留学所带来的巨大压力。学生必须
学会靠有限的语言技能在一个陌生的环境中生活。在学习如何在新环
境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
另一些学生则还不够成熟，无法独立应付各种挑战，因而感到苦闷。
有些学生甚至会遭遇人身安全问题。此外，不同的教和学的方式对很
多学生来说也是一种冲击。
最后要考虑的一点是：尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处，但是在中国
读书的年轻人同样未来可期！随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境已大为
改观，优质大学比比皆是。这些高校拥有一流的设施和杰出的教授，
助力培养为经济作贡献、进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。
总之，出国留学有不利的一面，这个事实是不可否认的。因此当
你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。
谨致问候，
王丽（一对双胞胎女孩的母亲）
尊敬的编辑：
留学是个好主意还是坏主意呢？留学当然有其弊端，但我认为利
大于弊。我时常告诫我儿子：对勇敢、乐观、愿意拼搏的人来说，世
上无难事！
留学的第一个好处就是个人成长。你获得的教育和拥有的经历将
有助于你提升自我。例如，由于你需要独自应对各种困难，你一定会
变得更加独立。留学还有助于你获得全球视野，提升综合能力。
留学的另一个好处是获得更多文化交流的机会。中国留学生可被
视为增进国际友谊的文化使者。在华的外国留学生也带来他们丰富多
彩的文化。与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待
世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。
最后，留学是为祖国的发展作出贡献的好机会。中国“一带一
路”倡议等项目的全球前景帮助我们与世界建立联系。因此，中国需
要更多有才能、有国际视野、语言能力极强、具有领导力和组织能
力、拥有强烈文化意识的年轻人。海外求学的学生能够培养这类技
能，而这些技能反过来又将为他们带来更好的就业机会。
总而言之，留学有助于塑造品格，增进人们对文化多样性的理
解，同时增强中国实力，打造人类命运共同体。我认为这改变一生的
经历当然是值得的，我希望我的孩子将来去国外留学。
谨致问候，
张毅（一个男孩的父亲）
Step 3 背出彩佳句
一、提出要讨论的话题
1. I’m writing to tell you about a discussion in our school about whether
to study abroad.
我写信是要告诉你我们学校一场关于是否出国留学的讨论。
2. A heated debate has been held in our class about whether to study at
home or abroad.Opinions vary on this topic.
关于是在国内学习还是出国留学，我们班进行了一场激烈的辩论。
关于这个话题众说纷纭。
3. Recent years， more and more Chinese students have chosen to study
abroad.
近年来，越来越多的中国学生选择出国留学。
4. Different people have different opinions about studying abroad.
不同的人对出国留学有不同的看法。
二、列举优缺点
1. Studying abroad is often considered as a great opportunity which will
lead to a bright future.
出国留学往往被认为是通向光明未来的好机会。
2. There is no better opportunity to improve a second language than
studying abroad.
出国留学是提高第二语言的最好机会。
3. Studying abroad， you make memories that will last a lifetime.
出国留学，你会留下终生难忘的回忆。
4. Living in a new environment can help you experience the new local
conditions and customs， and broaden your personal horizons.
生活在一个新环境可以帮助你体验全新的风土人情，拓宽你的个人
视野。
5. We will experience cultural shock if we study abroad.
如果出国留学，我们将经历文化冲击。
6. Some students may not be able to adapt to a new environment of
studying and living.
一些学生可能无法适应新的学习和生活环境。
7. They have to deal with many unexpected hardships since they are away
from their parents and homeland.
因为远离父母和祖国，他们不得不应付许多意想不到的困难。
8. When you go to a foreign country， you will miss your family and feel
lonely easily.
当你去了国外，你会想念你的家人，并很容易感到孤独。
9. You will probably have times when you miss your family， friends，
food， and everything familiar.
有些时候你会想念家人、朋友、食物和一切熟悉的事物。
三、发表个人观点
1. As the old saying goes，“Every coin has two sides.”
俗话说：“任何事物都有两面性。”
2. Therefore， whether it is good or not to study abroad depends on the
individual.So take more factors into careful consideration.
因此，出国留学无论是好还是坏取决于个人。所以要仔细考虑更多
因素。
3. As far as I’m concerned， the advantages of studying abroad far
outweigh its disadvantages.
就我而言，出国留学的利远大于弊。
4. The way I see it， studying abroad isn’t suitable for everyone. You
need to think twice before you make a decision.
在我看来，出国留学并不适合每个人。作决定之前你需要三思。
5. To sum up， studying abroad offers you an opportunity to immerse
yourself in a new culture， learn a new language and customs， and
gain a firsthand experience of the people， traditions， and history of
the host country.
总之，出国留学为你提供了一个机会，让自己沉浸在一种新的文化
中，学习一种新的语言和习俗，并获得有关该国人民、传统和历史
的第一手体验。
假定你是李华，最近你的美国笔友Jackson在考虑是否要出国留
学，他来信征求你的意见。请你就此用英语给他回复一封电子邮件，
阐述你的观点，并给出理由（不少于三点）。
Dear Jackson，
Yours，
Li Hua
一、合理布局，精心谋篇
二、遣词造句，规范得体
1. 开头：亮出观点。
坦率地说，我认为出国留学很有意义。
Frankly， I think it .
makes good sense to study abroad
2. 根据下面的提示给出理由。
（1）出国留学时，我们会身处一种外语环境，这使得学习过程有
趣且有效。
while we are studying
abroad .
（2）沐浴在异国文化中，我们可以对世界有深刻的了解。
a foreign country， we can gain
great insights into the world.
Exposure to a foreign language setting
makes learning process interesting and effective
Bathed in a different culture of
（3）出国留学让我们走出舒适区，让我们变得更好，这在我看来
是最重要的。
and changes
us for the better，
.
Studying abroad takes us out of our comfort zone
which is the most important from my point
of view
3. 结尾：作出总结
综合考虑，我希望你能选择出国留学，开始新生活。
All things considered，
.
I hope you can choose to study abroad and
start a new life
三、恰当衔接，自然过渡
用连接词to begin with和moreover连接第2题中的句（1）和（2）。
To begin with， exposure to a foreign language setting while we are
studying abroad makes learning process interesting and
effective.Moreover， bathed in a different culture of a foreign country，
we can gain great insights into the world.
四、认真誊写，赏心悦目
参考范文：
Dear Jackson，
I’m more than delighted to share my opinion， which I hope will be
helpful to you.Frankly， I think it makes good sense to study abroad.The
reasons are as follows.
To begin with， exposure to a foreign language setting while we are
studying abroad makes learning process interesting and
effective.Moreover， bathed in a different culture of a foreign country，
we can gain great insights into the world.Finally， studying abroad takes
us out of our comfort zone and changes us for the better， which is the
most important from my point of view.
All things considered， I hope you can choose to study abroad and
start a new life.
Yours，
Li Hua
核心词汇集释
behave vt.表现vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌
【教材原句】 Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when
learning how to behave in new surroundings.在学习如何在新环境中举
止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
【用法】
（1）behave oneself 守规矩/举止得体
behave well 表现得好
（2）well-behaved adj. 表现好的
badly-behaved adj. 表现差的
（3）behaviour n. 行为；举止；习性
【佳句】 The following are some reasonable suggestions on how to
behave ourselves in public places. （建议信）
下面是在公共场合我们如何守规矩的一些合理化建议。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The shop assistants behave very （good） towards customers.
②As far as I am concerned， all of us should mind our
（behave） in our daily lives.
well
behaviour
【写美】 完成句子
③Generally speaking， will be respected by
others while are made fun of.
一般来说，表现好的人会受到别人的尊重，而表现不好的人则会
被取笑。
well-behaved people
badly-behaved ones
surroundings n.[pl.] 环境；周围的事物
【用法】
（1）surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的
（2）surround vt. 围绕；包围
surround ...with/by ... 用……包围……
be surrounded with/by ... 被……包围
【佳句】 To sum up， you are welcome to our school and I sincerely
hope that you can adapt to the new surroundings soon.总之，欢迎你来
我们学校，我真诚地希望你可以尽快适应新环境。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Sheep and cattle are wandering on the green grass and birds are singing
in the （surround）forests.
surrounding
【写美】 完成句子
② who can motivate you and you will
become increasingly competent and confident.
与那些能激励你的人在一起，你会变得越来越能干和自信。
Surround yourself with/by those
strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固
【教材原句】 They have great facilities and outstanding professors，
helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and
further strengthen our country.
这些高校拥有一流的设施和杰出的教授，助力培养为经济作贡献、进
一步增强我国实力的年轻人。
【用法】
（1）strengthen cooperation 加强合作
（2）strength n. 力气；力量；强项
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
build up one’s strength/body
强身健体
【佳句】 With our joint efforts， I do believe we can strengthen the
friendship between China and the UK.
通过我们的共同努力，我的确相信我们能够增进中英之间的友谊。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①My recent ambition is to engage in more activities
（strength） my body.
②Knowing your （strong） and weaknesses will help you
achieve your dreams.
to strengthen
strengths
【写美】 完成句子
③Playing table tennis not only helps to
but also brings pleasure to my life. 打乒乓球不仅有助于增强
我的力量和信心，而且给我的生活带来乐趣。
build up my strength and
confidence
gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n.好处；增加
【教材原句】 The education you gain and the experiences you have will
change you for the better.
你获得的教育和拥有的经历将有助于你提升自我。
【用法】
（1）gain ...from/by ... 从……中受益
gain one’s respect/trust 获得某人的尊重/信任
（2）gain in 增加……
No pain， no gain. 不劳无获。
【佳句】 I would like to go to the library to study every day and do
some reading to gain more knowledge.
我想每天去图书馆学习，读点书来获得更多知识。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We need to take action to enhance what we are good at and gain
experience our failures.
②She’s certainly gained confidence over the last couple of years.
from
in
【写美】 完成句子
③Thanks to their encouragement， I later made great progress in the
test， and .
由于他们的鼓励，我后来在考试中取得了很大进步，并获得了很
大信心。
gained much confidence
deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝
【教材原句】 To sum up， one cannot deny the fact that studying
abroad has its disadvantages...
总之，出国留学有不利的一面，这个事实是不可否认的……
（1）deny doing sth否认做某事
deny sb sth＝deny sth to sb 拒绝给予某人某物
（2）There is no denying （the fact） that ... 毋庸置疑……；不
可否认……
No one can deny the fact that ... 没有人可以否认……这一事实
【用法】
【佳句】 From my perspective， no one can deny the fact that
Confucius is the most representative symbol of Chinese culture.在我看
来，没有人可以否认孔子是中国文化最具代表性的象征这一事实。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①What made me annoyed was that he denied （make） a
promise to mend my tablet for free.
②As far as I know， no one should （deny） a good
education.
making
be denied
【写美】 完成句子
③ I have gained
a lot from this fantastic Spoken English Club.
没有人能否认这一事实：我从这个很棒的英语口语俱乐部中学到了很
多东西。
There is no denying that/No one can deny the fact that
重点句型解构
句型公式：状语从句的省略
【教材原句】 Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when
learning how to behave in new surroundings.在学习如何在新环境中举
止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
（1）当when、 while、 unless、 as if、 if等引导的状语从句中的主语
与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词
的某种形式时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词或it和be动词。
（2）若省略句中的谓语动词和主语构成主动关系，使用动词-ing形
式；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词。
【品悟】 As far as I know， you must keep these points in mind when
comforting others.
据我所知，在安慰别人的时候你一定要记住这些要点。
【用法】
【写美】 完成句子
① ， the advisor
confidently spoke up at the meeting.
当被要求对产品进行演示时，这位顾问自信地在会上发言。
②You should do moderate exercise， which helps you relax and
concentrate better . （建议信）
你应该做适度的运动，这可以帮助你上课时更好地放松和集中注
意力。
When asked to give a presentation on the product
while taking lessons
③ ， I will cooperate with them to evaluate the expenses of
the project.
如果可能，我会配合他们评估此项目的费用。
If possible
句型公式：with复合结构
【教材原句】 As China has boomed， the educational environment has
improved significantly， with many great universities now available.
随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境已大为改观，现在优质大学比比
皆是。
【品悟】 ①I threw myself into my grandma’s arms， with tears of
shame and embarrassment welling up in my eyes. （读后续写之心理
描写）
我扑进奶奶的怀里，羞愧和尴尬的泪水涌出了我的眼睛。
【用法】
②With many unexpected problems emerging， he was like a cat on hot
bricks.
由于出现了许多意想不到的问题，他像一只热锅上的蚂蚁。
【写美】 完成句子
① ， he stretched his body and walked out of
the study with a satisfied smile.
完成工作后，他舒展身体，带着满意的笑容走出了书房。
② ， I am writing to ask for your
tips. （求助信）
有那么多的课程可供选择，我写信寻求您的建议。
With the work finished
With so many courses to choose from
③ ，we sat together and ate
mooncakes and fruits，sharing our stories. （话题写作之传统文化）
美丽的月亮高挂在天空，我们坐在一起吃着月饼和水果，分享我们的
故事。
With the beautiful moon up in the sky
情
感
描
写 ①comfort n.安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安
慰；抚慰
②overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的
③overwhelm vt.（常用于被动语态）使不知所措；压倒
④depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的
⑤optimistic adj.乐观的
⑥sincerely adv.真诚地；诚实地
⑦feel at home舒服自在；不拘束
动
作
描
写 ①grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧
②gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加n.好处；增加
③participate vi.参加；参与
④motivate vt.成为……的动机；激发；激励
⑤expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于（险境）
⑥strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固
⑦side with支持；站在……的一边
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1. I the completely unfamiliar surroundings.I
a sense of loneliness.
我暴露于完全陌生的环境中，被一种孤独感淹没。
2. I felt as if I had been thrown into a world
of darkness.
我是如此沮丧，以至于我感觉好像自己被扔进了黑暗的世界。
3. on my face every day.
我整天愁眉不展。
was exposed to
was
overwhelmed by
So depressed was I that
I had a slight frown
4. The warm-hearted classmates
.
热心的同学真诚地激励我参加集体活动。
5. Gradually， not only
.
逐渐地，我不仅不拘束了，而且增强了我的信心。
6. My classmates .I
.
我的同学支持我、安慰我，我变得越来越乐观。
7.
我脸上露出了快乐的微笑。
sincerely motivated me to participate in
group activities
did I feel at home， but I also strengthened my
confidence
sided with me and comforted me
became more
and more optimistic
A smile of happiness appeared on my face.
第二步：句式升级造亮点
8. 把句1升级为分词作状语
9. 把句6合并升级为with复合结构
Exposed to the completely unfamiliar surroundings， I was
overwhelmed by a sense of loneliness.
With my classmates siding with me and comforting me， I became
more and more optimistic.
第三步：过渡衔接连成篇
Exposed to the completely unfamiliar surroundings， I was
overwhelmed by a sense of loneliness.So depressed was I that I felt as if I
had been thrown into a world of darkness.I had a slight frown on my face
every day.Luckily， the warm-hearted classmates sincerely motivated me
to participate in group activities.Gradually， not only did I feel at home，
but I also strengthened my confidence.With my classmates siding with me
and comforting me， I became more and more optimistic.At last， a smile
of happiness appeared on my face.
维度一：品句填词
1. Could you please tell me your flight information — your
（出发） time and your arrival time？
2. To improve my spoken English， I want to （抓住） this
great opportunity.
3. As I know， he is enthusiastic， （乐观的） and
friendly to the person that he meets.
departure
grasp
optimistic
4. I have a （坚定的） belief that the children there will surely
have a brighter future.
5. I find it hard to （合作） with those who always stick to
their own opinions.
6. I will move on to make further progress to live up to your
e in the future.
7. To solve this problem， the government should take measures to reduce
the e of education.
firm
cooperate
xpectations
xpense
维度二：词形转换
1. Some students feel （depress） or even drop out
without achieving anything.
2. He is genuinely （motivate） by a desire to become
successful and help people.
3. The booming Internet increases our （expose） to
various information and knowledge.
4. We discovered that the grass and flowers grew well， and
the （surround） were quiet.
depressed
motivated
exposure
surroundings
5. （cooperate） with people from diverse cultural
backgrounds helps us view the world from different
（angle）， thus giving us more insights into our own culture.
6. There is no （deny） that we should form healthy living
habits such as going to bed early， rising early and taking regular
exercise.
7. I recalled that it was your （reason） words that
motivated me to stick to my dream.
8. Taking exercise can not only （strength） your body
but also release you from stress.
Cooperating
angles
denying
reasonable
strengthen
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. We， Senior 3 students， should be positive and brave
when （come） across any problems.
2. With more people （visit） China， I’m writing to ask
for your permission to launch a Chinese folk custom club.
3. As a mature young man， you should always side fairness
and justice.
4. He often participates in class discussions and hence he ends
up （be） more and more competent.
coming
visiting
with
being
5. （毋庸置疑） through this activity，we
students not only have a better understanding of the society but also
learn how to help people around us.
6. It will （花一大笔钱） if you want to
get a nursing qualification.
7. （如果有必要）， you can turn to your teachers for
help when you feel depressed.
8. （总之）， going abroad to study has many
advantages.
There is no denying that
cost you an arm and a leg
If necessary
In summary
维度四：课文语法填空
In recent years， studying abroad 1. （be） popular in
our country.Is it good or bad 2. （study） abroad？ In my
opinion， the disadvantages for young people are greater.
has been
to study
On the one hand， many students 3. study abroad are
faced with great economic pressure， meaning 4. is not possible for
everyone to study abroad.Not all the families can afford the huge cost of
their children’s overseas study， for the tuition fees and living expenses
are much higher than at home.Studying in China is much more convenient
and can help save money.
who/that
it
On 5. other hand， some students must learn how to live in a
（n） 6. （familiar） environment with limited language
skills.They are likely to struggle and suffer 7. culture shock
when learning how to behave in new surroundings.Others may encounter
problems of personal safety.Apart from these， different
8. （approach） to teaching and learning may be a shock
to many students.
the
unfamiliar
from
approaches
Actually， young people studying in China also have a great future to
look forward to！ With China 9. （boom） fast， the
educational environment has 10. （significant）
improved.Many great universities have great facilities and outstanding
professors， helping to educate the young who will contribute to the
economy and further strengthen our country.
So when you think about studying abroad， you should consider these
many factors.
booming
significantly
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·南通高二下学期质检）
Behavioural economist Dr Dan Ariely highlights “three irrational
（非理性的） behaviours in our human nature” that come through when
shopping for and purchasing items. The first one is love. People fall in
love with their possessions. These emotions go beyond the original
purpose of buying a product. Some emotional connections and experiences
are tied to it.
You can develop an emotional connection to an item through the
process of putting it together. The “IKEA Effect” details the sense of
pride and admiration people have for what they’ve accomplished after
investing time and energy into putting an item together.
Professor Mike Norton， professor Daniel Mochon， and behavioural
economist Dr Dan Ariely have written about what they’ve named the
“IKEA Effect”.Visiting IKEA is an adventurous shopping experience.
It’s a large store with a showroom， restaurant， and childcare area，
and it offers customers oversized shopping bags for holding smaller items.
Its second-floor showroom has all the assembled furniture， accents， and
accessories. Customers shopping for furniture see what they like， write
down its location in the showroom， and pick up the boxes with the parts
to assemble the item on the first floor.
It took some work to get it， but now it’s time to go home and begin
assembling this special piece of furniture.
After getting home， shoppers unload and open their boxes. Let’s
say you bought a chest of drawers and think putting it together cannot be
that hard. Time to create a masterpiece！ About six hours go by， after a
few choice words and the thought of taking a hammer to it， but，
finally， you have a chest of drawer for all to admire. You built it and now
you feel even more connected to it because you invested your time into
making it. The feeling is beyond attachment； it is now a feeling of
accomplishment and admiration for the thing you put together. This is
what Norton， Mochon， and Ariely say is the “IKEA Effect”.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了行为经济学领域的
一个术语——宜家效应。它指这样一种现象：当我们对某件商品
（尤指自己组装的家具）投入时间和努力后，我们就会对它产生情
感依恋并深爱它。
本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了行为经济学领域的
一个术语——宜家效应。它指这样一种现象：当我们对某件商品
（尤指自己组装的家具）投入时间和努力后，我们就会对它产生情
感依恋并深爱它。
1. What do we learn about IKEA？
A. It has at least four floors.
B. It’s a common supermarket.
C. You can have a DIY experience there.
D. You are not allowed to eat food there.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，宜家是一家主要销
售家具的商场，它有两层，里面有饭馆，在一楼可以自己组装家
具。DIY就是指“自己动手做；自己组装”。
2. What leads to the “IKEA Effect”？
A. The high quality of the product.
B. Your effort put into the product.
C. Your expectation of the product.
D. The reasonable price of the product.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的investing time and energy
into putting an item together和第四段中的you feel even more
connected to it because you invested your time into making it可知，
“宜家效应”发生的关键在于我们对所购买商品（家具）付出的时
间和努力。
3. Which of the following would best express the “IKEA Effect”？
A. Buy what you like.
B. Like what you buy.
C. If you build it， you’ll love it.
D. If you want it， you’ll own it.
解析： 推理判断题。综合全文可知，“宜家效应”指这样一种
现象：当我们对某件商品投入时间和努力后，我们就会对它产生情
感并深爱它。
4. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text？
A. To clarify a truth.
B. To introduce a theory.
C. To provide a solution.
D. To make an assumption.
解析： 写作目的题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了行为经济
学领域的一个术语——宜家效应，这属于一个理论。
B
（2024·烟台高二下学期月考）English is the working language of
many international organizations and the most widely-taught foreign
language in the world.
But of the about 1.5 billion people who speak English， less than 400
million call it their first language， according to the World Economic
Forum.That means roughly 1.5 billion people out of the world’s 7.5
billion inhabitants speak it as a second — or third， or fourth — language.
What’s more， different countries have adapted English to fit their
own cultures.For example， there’s a difference between British English
and American English， with different words used for the same object，
like “elevator” versus “lift”.
Between 1641 and 1853， Japan stopped its people from leaving and
foreigners from entering.Japan opened its doors to the world during the
Meiji Restoration.English-speaking foreigners flooded in and influenced
Japanese society and the language.The term “Engrish” first appeared as
an Asian mispronunciation of the word English in the 1940s.It began to be
used to refer to incorrect Asian English in the 1980s.
In Japan， schoolkids are required to study English as a second
language for up to 5 years.However， many Japanese have a hard time
speaking it fluently as they have little daily exposure to the
language.English education in Japan is focused on making students pass
tests， as opposed to developing practical skills they can use in real life.
In 2003， the government introduced a five-year plan designed to
shift the focus to improving speaking skills.But old habits die hard， and
the culture does not support those who act differently， according to Kaya
Taguchi， a professor at Tokyo University， who has written about
Engrish and language education in Japan.
“Students are more willing to speak now.But they are hesitant to
speak up in class， probably because of our culture — standing out from a
crowd is not considered a virtue，” Taguchi tells CNN Travel.
On top of that， English and Japanese are worlds apart in terms of
vocabulary， grammar and pronunciation.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。日本学生学习英语的重点是通过考
试而非掌握实用技能。
本文是一篇说明文。日本学生学习英语的重点是通过考
试而非掌握实用技能。
5. How many English speakers regard English as their first language？
A. About 5%. B. About 15%.
C. About 20%. D. About 27%.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，全球大约有15亿人说英
语，其中只有不到4亿人将英语作为第一语言使用。
6. What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about？
A. How “Engrish” was born in Japan.
B. Why “Engrish” was popular in Japan.
C. The influence English has on Japan.
D. The problems with English in Japan.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段主要告诉我们
Engrish在日本是如何诞生的。
7. What does the underlined part “old habits die hard” in Paragraph 6
refer to about Japanese students？
A. They like learning English.
B. They focus on passing exams.
C. They focus on practical skills.
D. They like behaving differently.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第五、六段可知，日本学生一直将
英语学习的重点放在通过考试上；虽然日本政府制定了将英语
学习重点转移到实际能力上的五年计划，但是长期以来形成的
局面很难改变。
8. What can we infer about Japanese students？
A. They are creative.
B. They are independent.
C. They are shy and quiet.
D. They are outgoing and brave.
解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，日本学生在课堂上
不爱发言，他们的文化特征是不喜欢在众人面前表现自己。
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2024·郑州高二上学期期末考试）A mother in East China went to
celebrate her son’s birthday at school — but her son’s 9 took her
by surprise.The loving mother decided to surprise her son by 10 up in
a cartoon bear clothes and bringing him a cake during class.
To her astonishment， the boy immediately 11 her mother by her
hands and ran to give her a big 12 .The heart-warming video filmed on
Monday 13 the mother in a blue bear 14 walking towards her
son’s classroom with a birthday cake in her hand.
After 15 the cake to the teacher， she goes into the classroom to
celebrate his birthday with the other children.“Look who’s here！” the
teacher 16 to the boy.
The boy 17 around and said， “Teacher， this is my mum！”
The teacher asked， “How do you know？” “Her hands！” the boy
replied with great 18 .
The 19 mother then showed her 20 by removing the big
head of the bear and the happy boy jumped into her arms.“I
didn’t 21 him to spot me at all，” the mother， Liu， told video
news site Pear.“I was so 22 that I cried！”
Many net users were moved by the video， which has been 23
more than 4.6 million times on social media.“You wouldn’t be able to
spot your mother by her hands if you didn’t truly love her！” one user
said.“This is so heart-warming.Your child actually loves you more than
you think！”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一位母亲为了给儿子一个惊喜，在
儿子生日那天穿上卡通熊的衣服，在课堂上给他带了一个蛋糕。儿
子看到妈妈的手后立刻认出了她，并给了她一个大大的拥抱。
本文是一篇记叙文。一位母亲为了给儿子一个惊喜，在
儿子生日那天穿上卡通熊的衣服，在课堂上给他带了一个蛋糕。儿
子看到妈妈的手后立刻认出了她，并给了她一个大大的拥抱。
9. A. idea B. behaviour
C. advice D. request
解析： 根据下文语境可知，此处指儿子通过对方的手就认出对
方是自己的母亲这一行为。
10. A. dressing B. bringing
C. making D. standing
解析： 根据下文the mother in a blue bear可知，母亲穿上了一
身卡通服装。dress up为固定短语，意为“乔装，打扮”。
11. A. remembered B. encouraged
C. contacted D. recognised
解析： 根据下文“Teacher， this is my mum！” The teacher
asked， “How do you know？” “Her hands！”可知，小男孩通
过母亲的手认出是她。
12. A. time B. shock C. hug D. smile
解析： 根据下文the happy boy jumped into her arms可知，小男
孩给了母亲一个大大的拥抱。
13. A. protects B. shows
C. sights D. reminds
解析： 根据下文Many net users were moved by the video可知，
这是一段视频，视频显示的内容是儿子通过母亲的手认出对方这
件事。
14. A. suit B. shoes C. hat D. watch
解析： 根据上文in a cartoon bear clothes可知，母亲穿着一身蓝
色卡通熊套装。
15. A. passing B. handling
C. solving D. putting
解析： 根据空后the cake to the teacher可知，母亲把蛋糕递给
老师。
16. A. smiled at B. looked up
C. called out D. turned down
解析： 根据上文Look who’s here！可知，老师朝男孩大喊。
call out to sb表示“朝某人大喊”。
17. A. hanged B. walked
C. pushed D. turned
解析： 根据上文“Look who’s here！” the teacher 16 to
the boy.可知，男孩听到老师叫喊，转过身来。turn around为固定
短语，意为“转身”。
18. A. respect B. confidence
C. mind D. thought
解析： 根据上文“Teacher， this is my mum！” The teacher
asked， “How do you know？” “Her hands！”可知，男孩因为
看到母亲的手，所以确定了母亲的身份，他回答得很自信。
19. A. frightened B. disappointed
C. surprised D. forgetful
解析： 根据上文but her son’s 9 took her by surprise可知，
母亲因为小男孩的行为感到惊讶。
20. A. cheeks B. arms C. hair D. face
解析： 根据空后by removing the big head of the bear可知，看到
儿子认出自己，惊讶的母亲把熊的大头拿掉，露出了脸。
21. A. expect B. dream C. make D. care
解析： 根据上文but her son’s 9 took her by surprise可知，
母亲因为小男孩的行为感到惊讶，所以母亲没有预料到儿子能认
出自己。
22. A. shocked B. amused
C. touched D. annoyed
解析： 根据语境可知，母亲在接受采访时表示自己很感动。
23. A. filed B. viewed
C. imagined D. gained
解析： 根据语境可知，这一段视频发布到网上后被观看超过
460万次。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华。你将代表你校给来自加拿大的某游学团介绍中国
的日常礼仪，内容包括：
1. 礼仪在中国的重要性；
2. 介绍两条中国人的日常礼仪。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
It is known to all that China is a nation of etiquette. In China being
polite is a tradition and courtesy plays an important role in people’s daily
lives.
In China， the most fundamental etiquette is to offer greetings. When
we come across the acquaintances we usually say “ni hao （Hello！）”
or ask “ni chi le ma （Have you eaten？）” as a way of exchange
greetings.
When we ask for somebody’s help， we often say “qing
（Please）” or “ma fan yi xia （Sorry to trouble you.）”. There is
another formal expression “lao jia”， which is similar to “Excuse
me” in English.
Finally， always keep in mind that golden rule — When in Rome do
as the Romans do.
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
One day， Alex， a 12-year-old school boy in a small town， got the
news that the World Chess Championship taking place in the neighbouring
city of Grandington. Fueled by his deep passion for chess， Alex decided
to enter the competition， even though he was not officially invited. He
had a feeling that he could stand a chance against some of the world’s
most skilled chess players.
The following morning， Alex packed his chessboard， chess pieces.
With a mix of nervousness and determination， he boarded the train to
Grandington. Once he arrived， the big city overwhelmed him with its tall
buildings， bright lights， and the energy of chess enthusiasts from around
the world.
With the help of a friendly stranger， Alex managed to find the
tournament venue （比赛场地）. The hall was enormous， filled with
rows of chess tables and players engaged in intense matches.
As Alex glanced around， he noticed how small he felt compared to
the chess celebrities surrounding him. Taking a deep breath， Alex
approached the registration desk. The tournament organisers were
surprised to see such a young boy standing before them， but they
couldn’t turn him away. Sensing his determination， they reluctantly
allowed him to participate， considering it a good opportunity for the other
players to demonstrate their skills against a young talent.
As the championship progressed， Alex’s opponents underestimated
（低估） him due to his age. They saw him as an easy win， but little did
they know that Alex possessed a strategic mind and a skill of
unconventional moves. With each round， Alex surprised both the players
with his brilliant plays. Word quickly spread about the young prodigy （天
才） who had accidentally entered the championship. The media became
excited by Alex’s story， and soon cameras and reporters flocked to
capture his journey. Despite facing experienced opponents， Alex’s
passion for the game and his focus helped him advance through the ranks.
His victories grew more remarkable with each passing day.
People from all corners of the world began cheering for him， sending
messages of support and admiration.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
In the final round， Alex found himself facing the world chess
champion.
Alex’s unexpected victory made him a household name.
参考范文：
In the final round， Alex found himself facing the world chess
champion. The grandmaster is well known for his unbeatable strategies.
The match was intense， with both players displaying incredible skill and
determination. The eyes of the world were fixed upon the young boy who
had entered this tournament by chance. As the game reached its climax，
the grandmaster made a fatal error， allowing Alex to seize the opportunity
and deliver a deadly blow. The crowd erupted into thunderous applause，
witnessing the rise of a new chess prodigy.
Alex’s unexpected victory made him a household name. He became
an inspiration to aspiring chess players worldwide， proving that age was
no barrier to achieving greatness. The world hailed him as a true chess
genius. But amidst the fame and glory， Alex remained humble. He
continued to study and practice， knowing that the journey to becoming a
true chess grand master had just begun. With every move， he inspired
countless others to chase their dreams and reminded them that
sometimes， the greatest adventures come from the most unexpected
beginnings.
谢谢观看！
