Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
1.tobacco or alcohol abuse 吸烟或酗酒
2.dominate a teenager’s life 主宰青少年的生活
3.take one’s cue from sb 得到某人的暗示
4.facilitate a positive change 促进积极改变
5.take an escalator 乘自动扶梯
1.abuse n.滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂
①Alcohol abuse contributed to his early death.
酗酒导致了他的早逝。
②Several of the children had been physically/emotionally abused.
有几个孩子受到了身体/精神上的虐待。
2.dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势
He has authority， but he doesn’t try to dominate others.
他有权威，但并不想控制别人。
3.reward n.回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
①He received a medal in reward for his bravery.
他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章。
②Is this how you reward me for helping/my help？
你就这样报答我对你的帮助吗？
4.negative adj.消极的；有害的；否定的
He has a very negative attitude to his work.
他的工作态度很消极。
5.pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的
Doctors are pessimistic about his chances of making a full recovery.
医生们对他完全康复的可能性感到悲观。
6.discipline n.自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚
①The children are happy at the school， but they lack discipline.
孩子们在学校里很快乐，但很散漫。
②The teacher disciplined the class by giving them extra homework.
那个老师布置额外的家庭作业来处罚学生。
1.physical adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的→physics n.物理
2.repeatedly adv.重复地→repeat vt.重复
3.psychology n.心理学；心理；心理影响→psychological adj.心理的
4.rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖→reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的
5.examine vt.（仔细）检查；审查；测验→examination n.考试
1.grow up 长大
2.become more independent 变得更独立
3.make one’s own decision（s） 作出自己的决定
4.form bad habits 养成坏习惯
5.become involved in 参与
6.physical and mental health problems 身心健康问题
7.the sum of choices 选择的总和
8.repeat it over and over again 反反复复地做这件事
9.the “habit cycle” 习惯循环
10.in response to 回答；答复
11.unhealthy snacks 不健康的零食
12.rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖
13.a negative routine 不良习惯循环
14.feel relaxed 感到放松
15.take the stairs 走楼梯
16.straight away 立即；马上
17.become pessimistic 变得消极/悲观
18.give up 放弃
19.over a period of time 一段时间内
20.reach a goal 实现一个目标
21.break bad habits 戒除不良习惯
22.decide on 决定；选定
1.句型公式：状语从句的省略
教材原句：These bad habits， if left unchecked， could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。
2.句型公式：过去分词短语作定语
教材原句：There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle：“We are what we repeatedly do.”
有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”
3.句型公式：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
教材原句：The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle， and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。
4.句型公式：as引导的定语从句
教材原句：As the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote，“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”
正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。”
5.句型公式：动词不定式短语作目的状语
教材原句：①To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits， we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.
想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。
②Aside from changing bad habits， we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits.
除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好的习惯。
③To reach the goal of change， a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps.
为了实现改变这一目标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不断地迈出许多小步。
3 / 3(共14张PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Reading and Thinking
1. tobacco or alcohol abuse 吸烟或酗酒
2. dominate a teenager’s life 主宰青少年的生活
3. take one’s cue from sb 得到某人的暗示
4. facilitate a positive change 促进积极改变
5. take an escalator 乘自动扶梯
1. abuse n.滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂
①Alcohol abuse contributed to his early death.
酗酒导致了他的早逝。
②Several of the children had been physically/emotionally abused.
有几个孩子受到了身体/精神上的虐待。
2. dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势
He has authority， but he doesn’t try to dominate others.
他有权威，但并不想控制别人。
3. reward n.回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
①He received a medal in reward for his bravery.
他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章。
②Is this how you reward me for helping/my help？
你就这样报答我对你的帮助吗？
4. negative adj.消极的；有害的；否定的
He has a very negative attitude to his work.
他的工作态度很消极。
5. pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的
Doctors are pessimistic about his chances of making a full recovery.
医生们对他完全康复的可能性感到悲观。
6. discipline n.自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚
①The children are happy at the school， but they lack discipline.
孩子们在学校里很快乐，但很散漫。
②The teacher disciplined the class by giving them extra homework.
那个老师布置额外的家庭作业来处罚学生。
1. physical adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的→physics n.物理
2. repeatedly adv.重复地→repeat vt.重复
3. psychology n.心理学；心理；心理影响→psychological adj.心理的
4. rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖→reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的
5. examine vt.（仔细）检查；审查；测验→examination n.考试
1. grow up 长大
2. become more independent 变得更独立
3. make one’s own decision（s） 作出自己的决定
4. form bad habits 养成坏习惯
5. become involved in 参与
6. physical and mental health problems 身心健康问题
7. the sum of choices 选择的总和
8. repeat it over and over again 反反复复地做这件事
9. the “habit cycle” 习惯循环
10. in response to 回答；答复
11. unhealthy snacks 不健康的零食
12. rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖
13. a negative routine 不良习惯循环
14. feel relaxed 感到放松
15. take the stairs 走楼梯
16. straight away 立即；马上
17. become pessimistic 变得消极/悲观
18. give up 放弃
19. over a period of time 一段时间内
20. reach a goal 实现一个目标
21. break bad habits 戒除不良习惯
22. decide on 决定；选定
1. 句型公式：状语从句的省略
教材原句：These bad habits， if left unchecked， could lead to more
serious ones when they become adults.
如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为
严重的有害习惯。
2. 句型公式：过去分词短语作定语
教材原句：There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of
Aristotle：“We are what we repeatedly do.”
有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造
就了我们。”
3. 句型公式：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
教材原句：The reward makes us much more likely to continue the
cycle， and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零
食这一不良习惯。
4. 句型公式：as引导的定语从句
教材原句：As the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote，“A journey of
a thousand miles begins with a single step.”
正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。”
5. 句型公式：动词不定式短语作目的状语
教材原句：①To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits， we
must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.
想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的
坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。
②Aside from changing bad habits， we can also use the habit cycle to
create good habits.
除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好
的习惯。
③To reach the goal of change， a person must show some discipline
and repeatedly take many small steps.
为了实现改变这一目标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不
断地迈出许多小步。
谢谢观看！Section Ⅱ Learning About Language & Using Language
1.seize the initiative 抢占先机；夺取主动权
2.domestic and foreign visitors 国内外游客
3.restrict coal consumption 限制煤炭消耗
4.commercial and industrial enterprises 工商企业
1.reform vi.& vt.改革；（使）改正；改造 n.改革；变革；改良
①The healthcare system must be radically reformed.
医疗体系必须彻底改革。
②The government announced a much-needed programme of economic reform.
政府宣布了一项急需的经济改革计划。
2.harmonious adj.和谐的
The policy might spoil the harmonious relations between the country’s ethnic groups.
这项政策可能会破坏该国各民族之间的和谐关系。
3.submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服
All applications must be submitted by Monday.
所有申请必须在周一之前提交。
4.annual adj.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鉴
The school trip has become an annual event.
学校旅行已成为一年一度的活动。
5.garbage n.垃圾；废物
Don’t forget to take out the garbage.
别忘了把垃圾拿出去。
fine vt.对……处以罚款 n.罚金；罚款
adj.好的；精彩的；健康的；晴朗的；华丽的
①—How are you？
—Fine， thanks. adj.健康的
②We had a fine holiday in Switzerland. adj.好的；精彩的
③It poured all morning， but turned fine later. adj.晴朗的
④His speech was full of fine words which meant nothing.adj.华丽的
⑤Offenders may be liable to a heavy fine. n.罚金；罚款
⑥The man was fined for dangerous driving. vt.对……处以罚款
1.implement vt.使生效；贯彻；执行→implementation n.实施；执行
2.moderate adj.适度的；中等的；温和的vi.& vt.缓和；使适中→moderation n.适度；有节制；温和
3.harmonious adj.和谐的→harmony n.和谐
4.annual adj.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鉴→annually adv.每年；一年一次地
5.originate vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立→origin n.起源；出身；（原）产地
6.conservation n.（对环境、文物等）保护；保持→conserve v.保护，保存
7.inspection n.检查；查看；视察→inspect v.检查；检阅；视察
1.starve to death 饿死
2.travel long distances 长途跋涉
3.in search of food 寻找食物
4.spread awareness of the climate crisis 传播气候危机意识
5.deal with climate change 应对气候变化
6.be responsible for 对……负责
7.save polar bears from extinction 拯救濒临灭绝的北极熊
8.on behalf of 代表
9.a sensitive topic 一个敏感话题
10.claim 5，000 lives 夺去5，000人的生命
11.address the problem 解决这个问题
12.tourist destinations 旅游目的地
13.have negative effects on 对……有负面影响
14.throw garbage into the river 把垃圾扔进河里
15.a decrease in the number of fish species 鱼的种类减少
16.restore the Li River’s original beauty 恢复漓江原来的美丽
17.garbage disposal methods 垃圾处理方法
18.a clean and sustainable future 一个洁净、可持续的未来
1.句型公式：with复合结构
教材原句：①Water pollution levels increased， with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.
越来越多的生活和商业垃圾最终流入江中，加重了水污染程度。
②With such campaigns in effect， China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.
随着这些运动的开展，中国的水路正在走向洁净、可持续的未来。
2.句型公式：“介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句
教材原句：Previously， water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists， many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.
以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾扔入江中。
3.句型公式：动词-ing短语作结果状语
教材原句：These chemicals led to severe water quality issues， causing a decrease in the number of fish species.
这些化学物质造成了严重的水质问题，导致鱼的种类减少。
4.句型公式：It is believed that ...人们认为/相信……
教材原句：With these measures， it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
有了这些举措，相信漓江之美将得到保护并世代相传。
3 / 3(共12张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language & Using Language
1. take appropriate action 采取合适的行动
2. lead to serious addictions 导致严重的上瘾
3. avoid passive cigarette smoking 避免被动吸烟
4. distinguish facts from opinions 区分事实与观点
5. suffer from a flu virus 感染流感病毒
6. get refreshed 重新充满活力
1. disturb vt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼
No sound disturbed the silence of the evening.
入夜时分，万籁俱寂。
2. stimulate vt.激发；促进；刺激
The exhibition stimulated interest in the artist’s work.
这次展览引起了人们对这位艺术家的作品的兴趣。
3. enhance vt.提高；增强；增进
Those clothes do nothing to enhance her appearance.
她穿那些衣服也并没有显得更漂亮。
4. refresh vt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新
She felt refreshed after a good night’s sleep.
她美美地睡了一觉后就感觉精神了。
5. absorb vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收
Clever children absorb knowledge easily.
聪明的孩子容易吸收知识。
skip vt.跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走
vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳
n.蹦跳
①The little boy skipped into the house. vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走
②Some children are skipping in the playground. vi.跳绳
③I read the whole book without skipping a page. vt.跳过
1. compose vt.& vi.组成；作曲；撰写→composer n.作曲家
2. surgeon n.外科医生→surgery n.外科手术；外科学
3. liberation n.解放；摆脱→liberate v.解放；摆脱
4. specialist n.专科医生；专家→special adj.特别的
5. stimulate vt.激发；促进；刺激→stimulation n.刺激；激励
6. sugary adj.含糖的；甜的→sugar n.糖
7. monthly adv.& adj.每月；每月一次的n.月刊→month n.月
1. make excuses 找借口
2. make small changes 作出小改变
3. make up one’s mind 下定决心
4. be composed of 由……组成（或构成）的
5. have a happy and healthy life 过幸福健康的生活
6. simply speaking 简单地说；简而言之
7. daily activities 日常活动
8. make good/wise choices 作出明智的选择
9. shave off 剃掉；刮去
10. eat more fruit and vegetables 多吃水果和蔬菜
11. get the flu easily 容易患流感
12. take part in the summer camp 参加夏令营
13. feel stressed out 感到焦虑不安；感到心力交瘁
14. worn out 筋疲力尽的；疲惫的
15. adjust my lifestyle 调整我的生活方式
16. take control of my life 掌控我的生活
1. 句型公式：either ...or ...或者……或者……；不是……就是……
教材原句：After I attended your summer camp about health and
lifestyle choices， I realised I hardly ever felt well， either physically
or mentally.
参加了你们举办的有关健康和生活方式选择的夏令营之后，我意识
到我几乎从来没有感觉好过，无论在身体上还是心理上。
2. 句型公式：whenever引导让步状语从句
教材原句：Whenever I went out with friends， I brought snacks
from home， things that didn’t have any added sugar： fruit， nuts，
dried meat， etc.
每次和朋友们出去时，我都会从家里带零食，也就是没有添加任何
糖分的东西：水果、坚果、肉干等。
3. 句型公式：sometimes ...other times ...有时……；有时……
教材原句：Sometimes I played table tennis or badminton with my
cousins.Other times I jumped on my skateboard and rode around my
neighbourhood， or just took a long walk.
有时，我和堂（表）亲打乒乓球或羽毛球；有时，我会跳上滑板，
在街区滑行，或是长时间散步。
4. 句型公式：so ...that ...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语
从句
教材原句：I got so absorbed that I played the games day and night.
我十分着迷，没日没夜地打游戏。
谢谢观看！
