(共50张PPT)
Module 7
To summarise and consolidate the use of present passive voice
To organise a class talk
Title: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Writer: _______________
Setting (背景): In the town of St Petersburg, Missouri, in the US, in the ________________ century
Main characters: Tom Sawyer, Polly, Huck Finn, Injun Joe, Becky
Mark Twain
nineteenth
Plot (情节)：
Tom and his best friend Huck Finn _____________ to an island in the Mississippi River. Tom has more _____________ because a bad man named Injun Joe is looking for him. Later, Tom __________ from a cave with another friend Becky. He also finds Injun Joe’s treasure box and takes it away.
My favourite part of the book:
It's when Tom and Huck ___________________ on the island in the Mississippi River.
run away
trouble
escapes
start their adventures
My comments (评论):
It's more than an adventure story.
It tells how young people grow, ________________________ and how bad people pay for their actions.
It's written in everyday English and the dialogues (6)___________________.
Its popularity:
It's still read and loved by people all over the world.
It's thought to be one of the greatest American stories.
how people love each other
sound especially real
1. Their works ______ still ______ by many people today.
如今，他们的作品仍然被许多人阅读。
2. We______ still __________by Confucius’s ideas.
我们仍然受到孔子思想的影响。
3. It _____ still ______ and ______ by people all over the world.
现在，它仍然被全世界的人阅读和喜爱。
are read
are
influenced
is
read
loved
Compare the sentences below with the sentences in the box.
1. Many people still read their works today.
2. Confucius’s ideas still influence us.
3. People all over the world still read and love it.
1. Their works are still read by many people today.
2. We’re still influenced by Confucius’s ideas.
3. It is still read and loved by people all over the world.
强调动作的承受者，被动语态。
突出某个行为的执行者，主动语态。
1
语态用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
被动语态：主语是动作的承受者
e.g. Mark Twain’s stories are read by millions of people every year.
主动语态：主语是动作的执行者
e.g. Millions of people read Mark Twain’s stories every year.
介词by引出动作的执行者
1. 一般现在时被动语态的构成：
am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词
2. 一般现在时被动语态各类句式：
句式 构成 例句
肯定句 主语+ am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者) The meeting room is cleaned by the woman every week.
否定句 主语+ am / is / are + not +及物动词的过去分词(+ by + 动作执行者) The meeting room isn’t cleaned by the woman every week.
句式 构成 例句
一般疑问句及其答语 Am / Is / Are +主语+及物动词的过去分词(+ by + 动作执行者) Is the film called Snow White
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+ am / is / are. Yes, it is.
否定回答 No, 主语+ am / is / are + not. No, it isn’t.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + am / is / are +主语+及物动词的过去分词(+ by + 动作执行者) How many people are mentioned in the conversation
3. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
We make this kind of machine in China.
→ This kind of machine is made by us in China.
主动语态： 主语 + 动词 +宾语
被动语态：主语 + be + 动词的过去分词 + (by + 宾语)
1. 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；(注意人称代词的主格、宾格变化)
2. 将主动语态的谓语动词变为“be+动词过去分词”结构；
3. 将主动语态的主语变为介词by后的宾语，放在谓语动词后面(如果不强调动作的执行者, 此介词短语常可省略)。
4. 被动语态主要用于以下几种情况：
1) 强调动作的承受者。
e.g. The book is loved by children.
2) 不知道动作的执行者。
e.g. Computers are used every day.
Chinese is spoken as a second language in this country.
3) 有些表达习惯上常用被动语态。
e.g. It is reported that ... 据报道……
It is said that ... 据说……
It is well-known that ... 众所周知……
It is believed that ... 大家相信……
Many trees ________ every year to protect the environment.
A. plant B. are planted
C. were planted D. have planted
(2024甘肃省临夏州中考)
B
2. The tea ________ in China ________ to many different countries and places each year.
A. is made; sent B. made; sent C. made; is sent
(2024黑龙江绥化中考)
C
3. Chinese ________ by more and more people in the world these days.
A. speak B. spoke C. is spoken D. was spoken
(2024云南中考)
C
4. —Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024
—Yes. The Spring Festival ______ widely in the world nowadays. （2024·四川凉山·中考真题）
A. is celebrated B. was celebrated C. will be celebrated
A
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）
If salt is _________ onto the ice, the freezing temperature will be lower than 0℃. (spread)
2. （2024·内蒙古包头·中考真题）
—How can I become a successful person
—Well, you should remember that success is never _________ by luck. (achieve)
spread
achieved
Frogs are an environmental warning system. They have skin which takes in whatever is in the environment. This means that if the environment is ___________, a frog’s skin takes in the pollution and the frog dies.
（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）
请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
polluted
speed since plenty of pollute such as
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box. You need to use the words more than once.
give influence read write
1. Millions of people ________ Mark Twain’s stories every year.
Mark Twain’s stories _________ by millions of people every year.
2. Confucius still __________ people around the world.
People around the world _______ still __________ by Confucius.
read
are read
influences
are influenced
3. A famous writer _________ the advice column in the newspaper every week.
The advice column in the newspaper __________ by a famous writer every week.
writes
is written
give influence read write
4. The teacher usually _______ the students a lot of ideas.
The students _______ usually _______ a lot of ideas by the teacher.
gives
are given
My favourite funny story in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is when Tom (1) ________ (tell) by his aunt to paint the gate white. The work is a punishment because he missed school one day. Of course, he does not want to do any work.
is told
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words and expression in brackets.
2
At first, Tom (2) __________ (watch) by his friends and
(3) ___________ (laugh at), so he feels quite bad. But soon he turns the situation round, and he (4) ___________ (help) by his friends instead. Tom says that he enjoys painting the gate white, and his friends want to try. He asks each friend to give him something valuable, and in return they (5) ___________ (allow) to do some of Tom’s work!
is helped
are allowed
is watched
laughed at
Tom: Why (1) _____ popular books _______ (make) into films
Jack: Oh, because the stories (2) _______ already ________ (know) by lots of people, so the films will become popular as well.
Tom: But why (3) _______ the stories sometimes _________ (change) in films
are made
are known
Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in brackets.
are
changed
3
Jack: Because films and books are different. Some people in the book are not included in the film, but others are more important than they are in the book.
Tom: But that doesn’t happen in historical films
Jack: Yes, it does. Sometimes even the facts about history (4) ____________ (change).
Tom: But why (5) ______ facts __________ (rewrite)
Jack: Because films don’t always try to teach history, but to tell a good story!
are changed
are rewritten
Complete the conversation with the words in the box.
accept dialogue discuss influence sense society wise writers
Host: Welcome to Two Talk. Today we will (1) _______ the question: Are writers still important With me for today’s (2) ________ are James Southern and Penny West. James, what do you think
discuss
dialogue
James: I think people who write for a job are not as important as they used to be. There are many (3) ________ now, but they write on the Internet, for free.
writers
4
Host: Is that a problem
accept dialogue discuss influence sense society wise writers
James: Yes, I think so. Although it’s good that everyone can be a writer and write what they like on the Internet, they also sometimes write wrong information. So it isn’t (4) ________ to get all your information from the Internet.
Host: What do you think, Penny
wise
Penny: I’d (5) ________ what James says. There is a lot of rubbish on the Internet, and it might have too much (6) _________ on some people. Wrong information is bad for (7) ________. People need to think about what they read, and decide whether it makes (8) _______ or not. It’s a pity that not enough people do that!
sense
society
influence
accept
accept dialogue discuss influence sense society wise writers
Complete the conversation with the correct form of the expressions in the box.
all over the world be not afraid of get into trouble grow up in the middle of join in look for run away
Tony: Hi, Daming. What’s up
Daming: Oh, hi, Tony. I’m (1) _______________ this great book—it’s Alex Rider’s adventure stories. You should read one of them!
in the middle of
5
Tony: Oh, what are the stories about
Daming: Well, they’re all fantastic stories, full of exciting situations of course. You see, Alex Rider is a hero. He (2) __________ in London, but now he travels (3) ________________ and helps the police — they (4) ____________ dangerous, bad people and catch them.
all over the world
grew up
look for
all over the world be not afraid of get into trouble grow up in the middle of join in look for run away
Tony: Oh, it sounds great. I love adventure stories. But doesn’t he (5)_______________
Daming: Well, of course, that’s what the stories are about. He gets lost in strange places, and he (6) ____________ from danger all the time.
Tony: And don’t tell me, he (7) _____________ anything!
Daming: Of course not — well … maybe snakes! But he is pretty clever!
get into trouble
runs away
isn’t afraid of
all over the world be not afraid of get into trouble grow up in the middle of join in look for run away
Tony: Of course he is…
Daming: Look! We’re going to talk about Alex Rider at the after-school book club. Why don’t you come and
(8) ____________
Tony: Great! I’d love to!
join in
all over the world be not afraid of get into trouble grow up in the middle of join in look for run away
Listen and check (√ )the books that Daming likes.
√
√
√
6
Listen again and discuss why Daming doesn’t like The Arabian Nights and My Favrourite Babies.
The Arabian Nights
My Favrourite Babies
for babies
long and boring
Yes, I do. I think … / No, I don’t. I think …
Work in pairs. Talk about the best stories to read.
What stories should I read
I think …
Do you think I should read The Arabian Nights
7
Plato lived in ancient Greece. He was a great
thinker and writer, and his ideas helped start
Western philosophy. He wrote down his ideas in the
form of many famous dialogues and letters. The
Republic is his most famous book. In it, Plato discusses politics and what makes a good city and a good man. The modern world is still influenced by his writings about life, education, government, art, maths and science.
Plato and The Republic
柏拉图(Plato, 公元前427年—公元前347年)，古希腊伟大的哲学家，也是整个西方文化中最伟大的哲学家和思想家之一。
他和老师苏格拉底，学生亚里士多德并称为希腊三贤。
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
《理想国》是柏拉图创作的哲学对话体著作。全书主要论述了柏拉图心中理想国的构建、治理和正义，主题是关于国家的管理。 《理想国》一书是他的代表作，涉及到了政治学、教育学、伦理学、哲学等多个领域，思想博大精深，几乎代表了整个希腊的文化。 2015年11月，《理想国》在英国“学术图书周”中，被评为最具影响力的20本学术书之一。
Read the passage and fill in the blanks.
Plato was a great (1) ________ and writer, and his (2) ______ helped start Western philosophy. He (3) _______ in ancient Greece. He (4) ________ down his ideas in the form of many famous (5) _________ and letters. The Republic is his most
(6) ________ book. In it, Plato (7) _________ politics and what makes a good city and a good (8) _________. The modern world is still (9) __________ by his writings about life, education, government, art, maths and (10) ________.
thinker
ideas
lived
wrote
dialogues
famous
discusses
man
influenced
science
Read the statement: We are more influenced by films than books.
Think of some films or books you have seen or read. How did they influence you
Decide on your point of view. Do you agree or disagree with the statement
Make notes about why you agree or disagree with the statement.
Work in groups. Prepare a talk.
Organising a class talk
8
Plan your talk.
Plan what you want to say.
Make notes about your ideas.
Tell your audience what your opinion is.
We believe that…
Explain what some people say, but you disagree with. Some people think that ... They argue that … In their opinion …
9
Explain your opinion, with reasons and examples. However, we think that … because … Also …
Repeat your opinion and give a conclusion.
So, to sum up, in our opinion…
If you …, you will …
Present your talk to the class. Use your notes to help you.
10
Ⅰ. 根据材料内容及括号内所给词语的提示填空，使材料意思完整、通顺。
Hello, everyone! I'm your guide Tim. Welcome to our juice factory (工厂). I've worked here for about 10 years. I (1)_________(love) my job very much.
Every day, more than 1,000 boxes of juice (2)____________ (produce) in our factory. They (3)__________(send) to different shops and supermarkets in the city twice a day. Now look at these working machines! They (4)___________(check) at 7:30 every morning.
love
are produced
are sent
are checked
At 8 am, they (5)_____________(turn on) and start to work. They need to work for ten hours a day. At 6 pm, they (6)__________(shut off). At 8 pm, the security guard (保安人员) (7)__________(lock) the gate of the factory. After that, workers of our factory (8)______________(not, allow) to enter.
It is very important to keep our factory clean and hygienic (卫生的), so everything here (9)___________ (wash) very carefully every night. Of course, nobody (10)__________(allow) to smoke (吸烟) anywhere in the factory.
If you want to know more about our factory, please follow me to our meeting hall.
are turned on
are shut off
locks
are not allowed
is washed
is allowed
Ⅱ. 根据材料内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，使材料意思完整、通顺，注意形式变化。
funeral, sense, influence, wise, well-known, everyday, review, surprise, die, suppose
Have you ever seen the plays Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet They were both written by William Shakespeare, a(n) (1)____________ English writer of plays and poems. In his life, he wrote about 39 plays, 154 sonnets (十四行诗) and several other poems. His plays still make a lot of (2)_____________ to us today.
well-known
sense
funeral, sense, influence, wise, well-known, everyday, review, surprise, die, suppose
However, while reading his plays, you may be (3)_________ to find the language in Shakespeare's plays isn't easy to understand. That is because some words and the order of words in his plays aren't the same as those in (4)_________ English today.
Shakespeare lived in the time of Queen Elizabeth I. People before him in England used Middle English. It was quite different from Modern English today.
surprised
everyday
funeral, sense, influence, wise, well-known, everyday, review, surprise, die, suppose
Shakespeare used Middle English in a(n) (5)_______ way and helped develop Early Modern English from Middle English. As a result, he is (6)_________ to be not only a literary master (文学大师) but also a language master. Many people have studied the language in his plays and written (7)_______. They point out that his (8)__________ and contribution (贡献) to the modern English language is unparalleled (无比的).
wise
supposed
reviews
influence
funeral, sense, influence, wise, well-known, everyday, review, surprise, die, suppose
Shakespeare died on 23rd April 1616 at the age of 52 and his (9)_______ was held in a church in his home town. Although he has been (10)_______ for more than 400 years, people all over the world still remember him today.
funeral
dead
I can
summarise and consolidate the use of present passive voice.
organise a class talk.
4月23日是“世界读书日”(the World Book and Copyright Day)，你将代表学校参加全市举办的英文演讲比赛，请你就以下要点写一篇演讲稿。
① 每年4月23日人们举办各种活动，鼓励更多的人热爱读书；
② 许多名著至今仍然流行，例如，孔子的论著(Counfucius’ works) 现在仍被很多人阅读；
③ 我把大部分空闲时间花在阅读名著上，他们对我的思想产生很大影响；
④ 我常跟家人和朋友分享读书的乐趣；
⑤ 我最喜爱读的书是……，因为……
