Section 7 “The Superhero Behind Superman”的新知学习环节
课时目标
1.学习并掌握重点语言知识，包括单词、短语及句式等。
2.掌握同义词和反义词的用法，并学会在语境中运用。
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．the horror of life threatening injury
致命伤带来的__________
2．a living nightmare 一个真实的____________
3．the ongoing support __________________支持
4．undertake an intense exercise programme
____________ ____________运动计划
5．write a biography 写一本________________
二、重点单词——写其形
1．be ____________ as a superhero
被视为超级英雄
2．the ____________ to be a real life superman在现实生活中成为超人的机会
3．gain a ____________ 获得声誉
4.
5．____________ in a wide range of exercises
进行一系列的运动
6．a passionate and energetic ____________一位热情而积极的支持者
7．the positive ____________ 积极的态度
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)
1．novelist： ist后缀表示“从事某种职业的人”
①scientist 科学家 ②physicist 物理学家
③pianist 钢琴家 ④violinist 小提琴家
2．movement：“v.＋ ment”→n.
①develop→development 发展
②judge→judgement 判断
③manage→management 管理
④achieve→achievement 成就
五、高级词块——通其用
1．________________ 被认为，被看作
2．________________ 由于，因为
3．________________ 在……岁
4．________________集中某人的注意力于……
5．________________ 参加
6．________________ 随着……的发展
7．________________ 作为……被怀念
8．________________ 支持
9．________________ 在困境中
10．________________ 取得进步
1．... but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.
……而且他在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
★regard vt.认为，看作n.注意；尊重；致意，问候(pl.)
|用|法|感|知|
·(“传统文化”主题佳句)According to the traditional Chinese calendar, the Winter Solstice is regarded as one of twenty four solar terms.
依照中国的传统历法，冬至被认为是二十四节气之一。
·With/In regard to space exploration, humans still have a lot of work to do.
关于太空探索，人类仍有许多工作要做。
·As regards environmental issues, we will carry out existing regulations.
关于环境问题，我们将执行现行条例。
[归纳点拨]
(1)regard ... as 将……认为，把……视为，看待
(2)as regards 关于，至于
with/in regard to ... 关于，至于
give/send one's regards to 代某人向……问好
(3)regarding prep. 关于
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
①The school is being questioned ____________ (regard) its education ideas.
②Ecotourism is commonly ____________ (regard) as low impact travel to undisturbed places.
③I wish to take this opportunity to ask you to
________________________________________________________________________.
我希望借此机会请你转达我对你母亲的真挚问候。
(2)替换加黑词汇
④As she told me all about the house, I could hear the excitement and joy in her voice.________________
2．Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster struck Reeve.
不幸的是，1995年，灾难降临在里夫身上。
★strike (struck, struck/stricken) vi.&vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击；敲；鸣；报时；突然想到；给(某人以……)印象 n．罢工
|用|法|感|知|
(写出下列句中strike的含义)
①She was practicing surfing when a shark struck her.________________
②The first time I saw her I was struck by her kindness.________________
③It struck me that I left the key on my table.________________
④The ball struck her hard on the left shoulder.________________
⑤The clock was striking ten as we went into the hall.________________
⑥Workers went on strike because of low payment.________________
[归纳点拨]
(1)strike sb.on/against＋the＋部位 击打某人的……
be struck with 被……所侵袭
be struck by 被……打动
It/An idea strikes sb.that ... 某人突然想到……
(2)go on strike 举行罢工(表动作)
be on strike 在罢工(表状态)
(3)striking adj. 引人注目的，突出的
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
⑦A good idea ________________ (strike) me as I was reading the newspaper.
⑧____________ struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
⑨The bus drivers are still ____________ strike.
⑩I was struck ____________ the beauty of the West Lake.
(2)替换加黑词汇
It hit her that she forgot to lock the door.
________________
3．It was only due to the ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends that he eventually found the will to live again.
是因为在妻子、父母和朋友的不断支持下，他才最终找到了重新生活的意愿。
★due to 由于，因为
|用|法|感|知|
·(“动作描写”写作佳句)He felt embarrassed due to his broken shoes, so he hurried to a corner, sat down and tried to fix it, his bare foot pressing awkwardly against the ground.
由于鞋子破了，他感到很尴尬，于是他赶紧走到一个角落，坐下来试着修理，光着的脚笨拙地踩在地上。
·His train is due to arrive at 5 o'clock.
他的火车预计在5点到达。
归纳点拨 (1)due adj. 预期的；到期的，应给的(2)be due to do ... 预计做……，预定做……be due to sth./doing sth. 由于，因为be due to sb. 欠某人……be due for ... 应有；应得到
联想发散 表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：because of、owing to、thanks to、as a result of、as a/in consequence of、on account of等。
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The meeting is due ____________ (start) until three.
②________________ a pay rise soon.
不久就该给我涨工资了。
③Any money that ________________ will be paid before the end of the month.
欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。
④It was_________________________________ that they earned money for the first time.
正是由于孩子们的共同努力他们才第一次赚到了钱。
4．With a new sense of energy and commitment, Reeve undertook an intense exercise programme to help him achieve this goal.
为了达成目标，里夫凭借一种新的力量和使命感，开始了高强度的运动计划。
★commitment n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺
|用|法|感|知|
·(深刻说理句)Commitment is weightier than Mount Tai and reputation is higher than life.
承诺重于泰山，信誉高于生命。
·If the students' interest in the subject is motivated, they will commit more time and energy to their studies.
如果学生在这门学科上的兴趣受到激发，他们会投入更多的时间和精力在学习上。
·(“建议”类写作佳句)If you wish for the final success, being committed to a task calls for perseverance and concentration.
如果你希望最终成功，那么致力于一项任务需要毅力和专注力。
[归纳点拨]
(1)make a commitment to sb. 对某人作出承诺
(2)commit vt. 做出；犯(罪)；承诺，保证；投入(钱、时间等)
vi. 忠于，全心全意投入
commit sb.(oneself) to sth./doing sth./do sth.使某人/自己承诺(做)某事；致力于(做)某事
(3)committed adj. 尽心尽力的
be committed to 致力于
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Whatever you decide to do, you have to be disciplined and commit ____________ the decisions you make.
②I was deeply impressed by the energy and one hundred percent ____________ (commit) shown by the Chinese women's national football players in the game.
③Don't lose heart. I ___________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________ in any circumstances.
不要灰心，我保证在任何情况下都会帮助你提高你的英语口语。
④The country ____________________________________________________________ to find a great job and have a rewarding career.
国家正致力于为每个人提供机会，以找到满意的工作和回报丰厚的事业。
5．He engaged in a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress.
他进行了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著的进步。
★engage vi.& vt.(使)参加，(使)参与；雇用，聘请；吸引住
|用|法|感|知|
·(“演讲”类写作佳句)We should improve our ability to engage in international communication so as to tell China's story well and make the voice of China heard.我们应该提高参与国际交流的能力，讲好中国故事，让中国的声音被听到。
·(“情景描写”写作佳句)All his classmates were at their desks, laughing and talking with each other. Miss Evans was engaged in grading the papers collected earlier in the morning.
他所有的同学都坐在自己的课桌前，相互谈笑着。埃文斯老师正忙于给早上收集的试卷评分。
归纳点拨 (1)engage (sb.) in sth. (使)从事，参加 engage sb. to do sth. 聘请某人做某事engage sb. as ... 聘请某人为……engage one's interest/attention吸引某人的兴趣/注意力(2)engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚； 被占用的；使用中的be engaged in (doing) sth. 忙于……；从事于……be engaged with sb. 与某人接洽/有约be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚(3)engagement n. 订婚；约会，预约
联想发散 “忙于(做)某事”的其他常用结构还有：be busy with sth./be busy (in) doing sth.等。
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
①They are engaged ____________ talks with the committee.
②His attention ________________ (engage) by the new posters on the wall.
③She's engaged ____________ Peter.
④We'd be able to engage local people ________ volunteers.
⑤________________________________________________________________________，
I still spare half an hour to read the English newspaper every day.
尽管我每天忙于作业，我仍然每天抽出半个小时读英文报。
(2)替换加黑词汇
⑥She is busy preparing for the coming examination.________________
★design vt.计划，设计n.设计；图案；计划
|用|法|感|知|
·(“通知”类写作佳句)Designed to improve our English, an English recital competition will be held in our school hall from 7：00 p．m. to 9：00 p．m. next Monday.
为了提高我们的英语，下周一晚上7点到9点将在我们学校礼堂举行英语诵读比赛。
·We must make it clear whether it happened by accident or by design. 我们一定要弄清楚这件事到底是碰巧发生的还是人为的。
归纳点拨 (1)design sb.to do sth.打算让某人从事某事design sth.for ... 为……而设计某物；打算让……用作某种目的be designed for/to do sth.旨在……；被设计用于做某事be designed as 被设计成……(2)by design＝on purpose 故意地；蓄意地(3)designer n. 设计师
语境串记 I like the design of the suit, which was designed by a famous female designer.She graduated from a school of fashion design and the school is designed to attract talented people interested in fashion.我喜欢这套西装的设计，它是由一位著名的女设计师设计的。她毕业于一所时装设计学院，该学院旨在吸引对时装感兴趣且有天赋的人。
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The piece of land was designed ____________ vegetables.
②The lecture is designed ____________ an introduction to the subject.
③She wore a special dress ____________ design to stand out at the party.
④My brother, a software ____________(design), is working in a large computer company.
⑤The festival_________________________________________________ between people from different countries.
这个节日旨在促进来自不同国家的人们之间的交流。
1．Thus, not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.
因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
本句中含有not only ... but also ...结构，意为“不但……而且……”。
(1)not only ... but (also) ...用来连接两个相对称的并列成分或两个句子，also可以省略。
(2)not only ... but (also) ...连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语的人称和数遵循“就近原则”，即与but (also)后的名词或代词的数一致。
(3)not only ... but (also) ...连接两个并列分句时，若not only ...位于句首，则not only后的句子用部分倒装，but (also)后的句子不用倒装。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①Football is not only a simple game to play but it can also make people feel the excitement it brings them.
→Not only ____________________________ but it can also make people feel the excitement it brings them.
②Labour not only makes us strong but also brings us pleasure.
→Not only ____________________________ but also it brings us pleasure.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③我相信这些捐赠的图书不仅能使你对中国更加了解，而且有助于提高你的汉语水平。
I believe these donated books will ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
enhance your Chinese proficiency.
④昨天，不仅孩子们而且他们的语文老师也被邀请参加这次会议。
____________________________________________________________ to attend the meeting yesterday.
2．So you can see, I'm too busy with living to think of giving up!
所以你可以看到，我忙于生活，无暇考虑是否放弃！
(1)too ... to ...意为“太……而不能……”，too修饰形容词或副词，to后接动词原形，作结果状语，常用主动形式。不定式的逻辑主语有时是句子的主语，有时不是；若不是，不定式的逻辑主语通常由for引出。
(2)too ... to ...意为“太……而不能……”时，有时可以转换成enough to do或so ... that ...句型。
注意：并不是所有“too ... to ...”结构都表示否定意义，在下列情况下，“too ... to ...”结构可以表示肯定意义：
(1)当too之后的形容词表示主语的状态、心理活动、情感态度时，如glad、eager、anxious、happy、ready、nervous、pleased等。
(2)当too前有only、just、simply、all等词时。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
(用too ... to结构改写)
①You are not old enough to drink wine.
→You are ___________________________________________________________.
②The old man was so weak that he couldn't pick himself up.
→The old man was ___________________________________________________.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③他因年纪太小而不能被送到国外去深造。
He is ________________________ abroad for advanced study.
④听到怀特已经被一所大学录取的消息，老师十分高兴。
The teacher was ________________ hear the news that White had been admitted to a university.
语法项目—— Synonyms and Antonyms
语法规则点拨
一、同义词
1．同义词是意义几乎相同的一组词语，它们词性相同，如 look 与 see; ambition 与 hope、dream 等。同义词虽然意义相同，但由于语义、感彩、语体色彩、词的搭配和位置分布的不同，有些同义词是有差异的，在不同场合要注意它们的运用。例如：statesman和politician在词义上都意为“政治家”，但是后者往往用其贬义，表示“政客”。
2．从语体角度来讲，不同的同义词出现在不同的语体中，比如口语语体、书面语体带有不同的语体色彩。
3．在写作中，同义词在从句和一些并列的语句中应用比较多，起解释说明的作用。例如：
She is a vocalist, singer working at CCTV.(singer 是对前面的名词vocalist的解释)
她是一名在中央电视台工作的歌手。
4．同义词经常用在一些谚语中。例如：
A single spark can start a prairie fire.
(spark和fire是同义词) 星星之火，可以燎原。
二、反义词
反义词是意义相反的一组词语。和同义词一样，它们词性相同。
1．换位反义词
换位反义词是指一种对立统一的关系，一方的存在以另一方的存在为前提，双方形成一个对立的统一体。
If A sells a watch to B, B buys a watch from A.
If A gives a pen to B, B receives a pen from A.
We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.
英语中有一词多义的现象，所以一个单词的反义词可能不止一个，要注意它们的使用场合。
2．固定搭配中的反义词
英语中有许多由一对反义词构成的固定搭配，例如：here and there、now and then、day and night、up and down等。
A storm arose during the night and there are fallen leaves here and there.
一场暴风雨发生在夜间，地上到处都是落叶。
3．反义词在谚语中通常用对偶句，它们结构相似，意义相反。例如：
A white lie is better than a black lie.
一个善意的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。
Pain past is pleasure.
苦尽甘来。
4．词根加上前缀或后缀构成反义词
否定前缀有im 、in 、un 、dis 、il 等，否定后缀有 less 等。
英语中的词汇量十分庞大，在英语学习中不断积累同义词和反义词，不仅可以丰富自身的词汇量，提高英语阅读和写作等方面的能力，还可以增进英语学习的深度和广度。
单词 同义词 反义词
ability n． capacity/capability/skill inability
accurate adj. right/exact/correct/perfect/precise inaccurate/incorrect
advantage n． benefit disadvantage
accept v． adopt/approve/believe/consent to/admit/receive decline/refuse/reject
abolish v． annul/cancel/destroy/exterminate establish
above prep. on/over/upon below/under
即时应用体验
Ⅰ.用所给词的反义词填空
1．I am happy that you've got to be more ______ (negative) about your work.
2．They looked poor and ____________ (healthy)．
3．The manager is ____________ (easy) to deal with.
4．Unfortunately, the motorcyclist was ______ (alive) on arrival at the hospital.
5．Whether the project will be a great success is still ____________ (certain)．
6．We strongly ____________ (oppose) the peaceful protest.
Ⅱ.用所给词的同义词填空
1．With ____________ (excellent) skills the pilot managed to make a perfect landing.
2．After spending four months in foreign countries, the soldier felt every hour at home was ____________ (precious)．
3．He ____________ (finally) escaped and made his way back to England.
4．It's my ____________ (job) to make sure that the work is finished on time.
5．He was absent from school because of the ____________ (serious) flu.
6．If you think you can carry on drinking so much without damaging your health, then you're ____________ (mistaken)．
7．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____________ (delicious) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
Section 7 “The Superhero Behind Superman”
的新知学习环节
课前词汇默写
一、1.恐惧 2.噩梦 3.不断的 4.开始；高强度的 5.传记
二、1.regarded 2.opportunity 3.reputation
4．①struck ②strike 5.engage 6.advocate 7.attitude
三、1.①passion ②passionate 2.①novelist ②novel
3．①journalist ②journalism ③journal
4．①awareness ②aware ③unaware
5．①organisation ②organise ③organiser
6．①severe ②severely 7.①movement ②move
8．①depression ②depress ③depressed ④depressing
9．①commitment ②commit ③committed
10．①designed ②designer 11.①energetic ②energy
12．①disabilities ②disabled
五、1.be regarded as 2.due to 3.at the age of
4．focus one's attention on 5.engage in
6．with the progress of 7.be remembered as
8．in support of 9.in need 10.make progress
核心词汇突破
1．①regarding ②regarded ③give my best regards to your mother ④(in)with regard to/regarding
2．①攻击 ②打动 ③突然想到 ④击打 ⑤(钟)敲
⑥罢工 ⑦struck ⑧It ⑨on ⑩by struck/occurred to
3．①to start ②I'm due for ③is due to you
④due to the children's joint efforts
4．①to ②commitment ③commit myself to help/helping you improve your spoken English
④is committed to giving everyone the opportunity
5．★①in ②was engaged ③to ④as ⑤Although I am engaged in my homework every day ⑥is engaged in
★①for ②as ③by ④designer
⑤is designed to promote the communication
重点句式解构
1．①is football a simple game to play
②does labour make us strong
③not only make you more familiar with China but also help
④Not only the children but also their Chinese teacher was invited
2．①too young to drink wine ②too weak to pick himself up
③too young to be sent ④too happy to
即时应用体验
Ⅰ.1.positive 2.unhealthy 3.difficult 4.dead 5.uncertain
6．support
Ⅱ.1.superb 2.valuable 3.eventually 4.work 5.severe
6．wrong 7.tasty
1 / 13(共106张PPT)
Section 7
“The Superhero Behind Superman”
的新知学习环节
课时目标
1.学习并掌握重点语言知识，包括单词、短语及句式等。
2.掌握同义词和反义词的用法，并学会在语境中运用。
NO 1
课前词汇默写
NO 2
核心词汇突破
NO 5
课时检测
目 录
NO 3
重点句式解构
NO 4
语法专题突破
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．the horror of life-threatening injury 致命伤带来的_____
2．a living nightmare 一个真实的_____
3．the ongoing support _______支持
4．undertake an intense exercise programme______________运动计划
5．write a biography 写一本_____
No.1 课前词汇默写
恐惧
噩梦
不断的
开始 高强度的
传记
二、重点单词——写其形
1．be as a superhero 被视为超级英雄
2．the to be a real-life superman
在现实生活中成为超人的机会
3．gain a 获得声誉
regarded
opportunity
reputation
struck
strike
5． in a wide range of exercises 进行一系列的运动
6．a passionate and energetic 一位热情而积极的支持者
7．the positive 积极的态度
engage
advocate
attitude
passion
passionate
novelist
novel
journalism
journal
awareness
aware
unaware
journalist
organisation
organise
organiser
severe
severely
movement
move
depression
depress
depressed
depressing
commitment
commit
committed
designed
designer
energetic
energy
disabilities
disabled
四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)
1．novelist：-ist后缀表示“从事某种职业的人”
①scientist 科学家 ②physicist 物理学家
③pianist 钢琴家 ④violinist 小提琴家
2．movement：“v.＋-ment”→n.
①develop→development 发展
②judge→judgement 判断
③manage→management 管理
④achieve→achievement 成就
五、高级词块——通其用
1． 被认为，被看作
2． 由于，因为
3． 在……岁
4． 集中某人的注意力于……
5． 参加
be regarded as
due to
at the age of
focus one's attention on
engage in
6． 随着……的发展
7． 作为……被怀念
8． 支持
9． 在困境中
10． 取得进步
with the progress of
be remembered as
in support of
in need
make progress
No.2 核心词汇突破
1．... but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.
……而且他在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
★regard vt.认为，看作n.注意；尊重；致意，问候(pl.)
|用|法|感|知|
·(“传统文化”主题佳句)According to the traditional Chinese calendar, the Winter Solstice is regarded as one of twenty-four solar terms.
依照中国的传统历法，冬至被认为是二十四节气之一。
·With/In regard to space exploration, humans still have a lot of work to do.
关于太空探索，人类仍有许多工作要做。
·As regards environmental issues, we will carry out existing regulations.
关于环境问题，我们将执行现行条例。
[归纳点拨]
(1)regard ... as 将……认为，把……视为，看待
(2)as regards 关于，至于
with/in regard to ... 关于，至于
give/send one's regards to 代某人向……问好
(3)regarding prep. 关于
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
①The school is being questioned (regard) its education ideas.
②Ecotourism is commonly (regard) as low impact travel to undisturbed places.
regarding
regarded
③I wish to take this opportunity to ask you to ____________ _____________________.
我希望借此机会请你转达我对你母亲的真挚问候。
(2)替换加蓝词汇
④As she told me all about the house, I could hear the excitement and joy in her voice._________________________
give my best
(in)with regard to/regarding
regards to your mother
2．Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster struck Reeve.
不幸的是，1995年，灾难降临在里夫身上。
★strike (struck, struck/stricken) vi.&vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击；敲；鸣；报时；突然想到；给(某人以……)印象 n．罢工
|用|法|感|知|
(写出下列句中strike的含义)
①She was practicing surfing when a shark struck her._____
②The first time I saw her I was struck by her kindness._____
③It struck me that I left the key on my table._________
④The ball struck her hard on the left shoulder._____
⑤The clock was striking ten as we went into the hall.______
⑥Workers went on strike because of low payment._____
攻击
打动
突然想到
击打
(钟)敲
罢工
[归纳点拨]
(1)strike sb.on/against＋the＋部位 击打某人的……
be struck with 被……所侵袭
be struck by 被……打动
It/An idea strikes sb.that ... 某人突然想到……
(2)go on strike 举行罢工(表动作)
be on strike 在罢工(表状态)
(3)striking adj. 引人注目的，突出的
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
⑦A good idea (strike) me as I was reading the newspaper.
⑧ struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
⑨The bus drivers are still strike.
⑩I was struck the beauty of the West Lake.
struck
It
on
by
(2)替换加蓝词汇
It hit her that she forgot to lock the door. ___________________
struck/occurred to
3．It was only due to the ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends that he eventually found the will to live again.
是因为在妻子、父母和朋友的不断支持下，他才最终找到了重新生活的意愿。
★due to 由于，因为
|用|法|感|知|
·(“动作描写”写作佳句)He felt embarrassed due to his broken shoes, so he hurried to a corner, sat down and tried to fix it, his bare foot pressing awkwardly against the ground.
由于鞋子破了，他感到很尴尬，于是他赶紧走到一个角落，坐下来试着修理，光着的脚笨拙地踩在地上。
·His train is due to arrive at 5 o'clock.
他的火车预计在5点到达。
归纳点拨 (1)due adj. 预期的；到期的，应给的
(2)be due to do ... 预计做……，预定做……
be due to sth./doing sth. 由于，因为
be due to sb. 欠某人……
be due for ... 应有；应得到
联想发散 表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：because of、owing to、thanks to、as a result of、as a/in consequence of、on account of等。
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The meeting is due (start) until three.
② a pay rise soon.
不久就该给我涨工资了。
to start
I'm due for
③Any money that will be paid before the end of the month.
欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。
④It was that they earned money for the first time.
正是由于孩子们的共同努力他们才第一次赚到了钱。
is due to you
due to the children's joint efforts
4．With a new sense of energy and commitment, Reeve undertook an intense exercise programme to help him achieve this goal.
为了达成目标，里夫凭借一种新的力量和使命感，开始了高强度的运动计划。
★commitment n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺
|用|法|感|知|
·(深刻说理句)Commitment is weightier than Mount Tai and reputation is higher than life.
承诺重于泰山，信誉高于生命。
·If the students' interest in the subject is motivated, they will commit more time and energy to their studies.
如果学生在这门学科上的兴趣受到激发，他们会投入更多的时间和精力在学习上。
·(“建议”类写作佳句)If you wish for the final success, being committed to a task calls for perseverance and concentration.
如果你希望最终成功，那么致力于一项任务需要毅力和专注力。
[归纳点拨]
(1)make a commitment to sb. 对某人作出承诺
(2)commit vt. 做出；犯(罪)；承诺，保证；投入(钱、时间等)
vi. 忠于，全心全意投入
commit sb.(oneself) to sth./doing sth./do sth.
使某人/自己承诺(做)某事；致力于(做)某事
(3)committed adj. 尽心尽力的
be committed to 致力于
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Whatever you decide to do, you have to be disciplined and commit the decisions you make.
②I was deeply impressed by the energy and one hundred percent ___________(commit) shown by the Chinese women's national football players in the game.
to
commitment
③Don't lose heart. I ______________________________________ ___________________ in any circumstances.
不要灰心，我保证在任何情况下都会帮助你提高你的英语口语。
④The country to find a great job and have a rewarding career.
国家正致力于为每个人提供机会，以找到满意的工作和回报丰厚的事业。
commit myself to help/helping you improve
is committed to giving everyone the opportunity
your spoken English
5．He engaged in a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress.
他进行了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著的进步。
★engage vi.& vt.(使)参加，(使)参与；雇用，聘请；吸引住
|用|法|感|知|
·(“演讲”类写作佳句)We should improve our ability to engage in international communication so as to tell China's story well and make the voice of China heard.
我们应该提高参与国际交流的能力，讲好中国故事，让中国的声音被听到。
·(“情景描写”写作佳句)All his classmates were at their desks, laughing and talking with each other. Miss Evans was engaged in grading the papers collected earlier in the morning.
他所有的同学都坐在自己的课桌前，相互谈笑着。埃文斯老师正忙于给早上收集的试卷评分。
归纳点拨 (1)engage (sb.) in sth. (使)从事，参加
engage sb. to do sth. 聘请某人做某事
engage sb. as ... 聘请某人为……
engage one's interest/attention吸引某人的兴趣/注意力
(2)engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚；被占用的；使用中的
be engaged in (doing) sth. 忙于……；从事于……
be engaged with sb. 与某人接洽/有约
be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚
(3)engagement n. 订婚；约会，预约
续表
联想发散 “忙于(做)某事”的其他常用结构还有：be busy with sth./be busy (in) doing sth.等。
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
①They are engaged talks with the committee.
②His attention (engage) by the new posters on the wall.
③She's engaged Peter.
in
was engaged
to
④We'd be able to engage local people volunteers.
⑤ , I still spare half an hour to read the English newspaper every day.
尽管我每天忙于作业，我仍然每天抽出半个小时读英文报。
as
Although I am engaged in my homework every day
(2)替换加蓝词汇
⑥She is busy preparing for the coming examination.___________
is engaged in
★design vt.计划，设计n.设计；图案；计划
|用|法|感|知|
·(“通知”类写作佳句)Designed to improve our English, an English recital competition will be held in our school hall from 7：00 p．m. to 9：00 p．m. next Monday. 为了提高我们的英语，下周一晚上7点到9点将在我们学校礼堂举行英语诵读比赛。
·We must make it clear whether it happened by accident or by design. 我们一定要弄清楚这件事到底是碰巧发生的还是人为的。
归纳点拨 (1)design sb.to do sth.打算让某人从事某事
design sth.for ... 为……而设计某物；打算让……用作某种目的
be designed for/to do sth.旨在……；被设计用于做某事
be designed as 被设计成……
(2)by design＝on purpose 故意地；蓄意地
(3)designer n. 设计师
续表
语境串记 I like the design of the suit, which was designed by a famous female designer.She graduated from a school of fashion design and the school is designed to attract talented people interested in fashion.
我喜欢这套西装的设计，它是由一位著名的女设计师设计的。她毕业于一所时装设计学院，该学院旨在吸引对时装感兴趣且有天赋的人。
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The piece of land was designed vegetables.
②The lecture is designed an introduction to the subject.
③She wore a special dress design to stand out at the party.
for
as
by
④My brother, a software (design), is working in a large computer company.
⑤The festival between people from different countries.
这个节日旨在促进来自不同国家的人们之间的交流。
designer
is designed to promote the communication
No.3 重点句式解构
1．Thus, not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.
因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
本句中含有not only ... but also ...结构，意为“不但……而且……”。
(1)not only ... but (also) ...用来连接两个相对称的并列成分或两个句子，also可以省略。
(2)not only ... but (also) ...连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语的人称和数遵循“就近原则”，即与but (also)后的名词或代词的数一致。
(3)not only ... but (also) ...连接两个并列分句时，若not only ...位于句首，则not only后的句子用部分倒装，but (also)后的句子不用倒装。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①Football is not only a simple game to play but it can also make people feel the excitement it brings them.
→Not only but it can also make people feel the excitement it brings them.
②Labour not only makes us strong but also brings us pleasure.
→Not only but also it brings us pleasure.
is football a simple game to play
does labour make us strong
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③我相信这些捐赠的图书不仅能使你对中国更加了解，而且有助于提高你的汉语水平。
I believe these donated books will____________________________ ______________________enhance your Chinese proficiency.
④昨天，不仅孩子们而且他们的语文老师也被邀请参加这次会议。
to attend the meeting yesterday.
not only make you more familiar
Not only the children but also their Chinese teacher was invited
with China but also help
2．So you can see, I'm too busy with living to think of giving up!
所以你可以看到，我忙于生活，无暇考虑是否放弃！
(1)too ... to ...意为“太……而不能……”，too修饰形容词或副词，to后接动词原形，作结果状语，常用主动形式。不定式的逻辑主语有时是句子的主语，有时不是；若不是，不定式的逻辑主语通常由for引出。
(2)too ... to ...意为“太……而不能……”时，有时可以转换成enough to do或so ... that ...句型。
注意：并不是所有“too ... to ...”结构都表示否定意义，在下列情况下，“too ... to ...”结构可以表示肯定意义：
(1)当too之后的形容词表示主语的状态、心理活动、情感态度时，如glad、eager、anxious、happy、ready、nervous、pleased等。
(2)当too前有only、just、simply、all等词时。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
(用too ... to结构改写)
①You are not old enough to drink wine.
→You are .
②The old man was so weak that he couldn't pick himself up.
→The old man was .
too young to drink wine
too weak to pick himself up
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③他因年纪太小而不能被送到国外去深造。
He is abroad for advanced study.
④听到怀特已经被一所大学录取的消息，老师十分高兴。
The teacher was hear the news that White had been admitted to a university.
too young to be sent
too happy to
No.4 语法专题突破
语法项目—— Synonyms and Antonyms
语法规则点拨
一、同义词
1．同义词是意义几乎相同的一组词语，它们词性相同，如 look 与 see; ambition 与 hope、dream 等。同义词虽然意义相同，但由于语义、感彩、语体色彩、词的搭配和位置分布的不同，有些同义词是有差异的，在不同场合要注意它们的运用。例如：statesman和politician在词义上都意为“政治家”，但是后者往往用其贬义，表示“政客”。
2．从语体角度来讲，不同的同义词出现在不同的语体中，比如口语语体、书面语体带有不同的语体色彩。
3．在写作中，同义词在从句和一些并列的语句中应用比较多，起解释说明的作用。例如：
She is a vocalist, singer working at CCTV.(singer 是对前面的名词vocalist的解释)
她是一名在中央电视台工作的歌手。
4．同义词经常用在一些谚语中。例如：
A single spark can start a prairie fire.
(spark和fire是同义词) 星星之火，可以燎原。
二、反义词
反义词是意义相反的一组词语。和同义词一样，它们词性相同。
1．换位反义词
换位反义词是指一种对立统一的关系，一方的存在以另一方的存在为前提，双方形成一个对立的统一体。
If A sells a watch to B, B buys a watch from A.
If A gives a pen to B, B receives a pen from A.
We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.
英语中有一词多义的现象，所以一个单词的反义词可能不止一个，要注意它们的使用场合。
2．固定搭配中的反义词
英语中有许多由一对反义词构成的固定搭配，例如：here and there、now and then、day and night、up and down等。
A storm arose during the night and there are fallen leaves here and there.
一场暴风雨发生在夜间，地上到处都是落叶。
3．反义词在谚语中通常用对偶句，它们结构相似，意义相反。例如：
A white lie is better than a black lie.
一个善意的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。
Pain past is pleasure.苦尽甘来。
4．词根加上前缀或后缀构成反义词
否定前缀有im-、in-、un-、dis-、il- 等，否定后缀有-less 等。
英语中的词汇量十分庞大，在英语学习中不断积累同义词和反义词，不仅可以丰富自身的词汇量，提高英语阅读和写作等方面的能力，还可以增进英语学习的深度和广度。
单词 同义词 反义词
ability n． capacity/capability/skill inability
accurate adj. right/exact/correct/perfect/precise inaccurate/incorrect
advantage n． benefit disadvantage
accept v． adopt/approve/believe/ consent to/admit/receive decline/refuse/reject
abolish v． annul/cancel/destroy/exterminate establish
above prep. on/over/upon below/under
即时应用体验
Ⅰ.用所给词的反义词填空
1．I am happy that you've got to be more (negative) about your work.
2．They looked poor and (healthy)．
3．The manager is (easy) to deal with.
positive
unhealthy
difficult
4．Unfortunately, the motorcyclist was (alive) on arrival at the hospital.
5．Whether the project will be a great success is still __________(certain)．
6．We strongly (oppose) the peaceful protest.
dead
uncertain
support
Ⅱ.用所给词的同义词填空
1．With (excellent) skills the pilot managed to make a perfect landing.
2．After spending four months in foreign countries, the soldier felt every hour at home was (precious)．
3．He (finally) escaped and made his way back to England.
4．It's my (job) to make sure that the work is finished on time.
superb
valuable
eventually
work
5．He was absent from school because of the (serious) flu.
6．If you think you can carry on drinking so much without damaging your health, then you're (mistaken)．
7．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, _____(delicious) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
severe
wrong
tasty
No.5 课时检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The publication of Great Expectations strengthened Dickens' status as a leading (小说家)．
2．The photo enables the author to better understand the shared (激情) for beauty.
novelist
passion
3．Mohammed Rezwan saw (机会) where others saw only disaster.
4．Daydreamers have a bad (名声) for being unaware of what's happening around them.
5．I realized I had to change my (态度) toward my job.
6．WWF is internationally (尊敬) for its conservation work.
opportunity
reputation
attitude
respected
7．Colour is fundamental in home (设计) — something you'll always have in every room.
8．She's an (拥护者) of free trade.
9．Blindness (突然发生) him so suddenly that he felt he was dying.
design
advocate
struck
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．If your (aware) is sharp, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
2．We are both (passion) about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people.
3．She started the Ladybug Foundation, an (organise) aiming at getting rid of homelessness.
awareness
passionate
organisation
4．The hospital has made a (commit) to provide the best possible medical care.
5．Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop (depress) than people who don't.
6．Running is cheap, easy and it's always (energy)．
commitment
depression
energetic
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．I hope that the talks, I can give you more information in this regard.
2．I had an early start nine with a role in a TV series.
be remembered as， make progress， due to， be engaged in， with the progress of， be regarded as， in support of， at the age of
with the progress of
at the age of
3．Human life part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
4．With some work and devotion, you'll .
5．After all, the scientist serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world.
6．I am just doing what I can them.
is regarded as
make progress
is engaged in
in support of
7．Yang Liwei the first astronaut of China.
8．The success of food halls in large stores is their convenience.
is remembered as
due to
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．I wish that to learn traditional Chinese culture further.
我希望你们能抓住这个机会进一步学习中国传统文化。
2．It is never .
活到老，学到老。
3． is based on our strong belief.
我们所做的事情是基于我们坚强的信念。
you could grasp this opportunity
too old to learn
What we do
4．He was he could lift the big stone.
他如此强壮以至于他能举起那块大石头。
5． , but also it is cheap.
那里所有的食物不仅很好吃，而且很便宜。
so strong that
Not only is all the food there delicious
Ⅴ.主题微写作
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“The person I admire”为题，写一篇短文参赛。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
The person I admire
There are many respectable people around us. They may be our teachers, parents or one of our elders.
As for me, my father is the person I respect most. My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much. He works very hard every day, but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work.
When I come across problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely. He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students. So I respect my father and I love him deeply.
[语篇综合训练]
完形填空
Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist who has made several very important medical 1 .When asked why he was able to be so much more 2 than the average person, he responded that it all came from a(n) 3 with his mother that occurred when he was a child.
Stephen tried to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator but spilled (泼出) it all over the kitchen floor.Instead of 4 at him, giving him a lecture or chastising (指责) him, his mother said, “What a great and wonderful 5 you've made! Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes 6 we clean it up？”
Indeed, he did.Then, his mother said, “Stephen, whenever you make a mess like this, 7 you have to clean it up.” And together they cleaned up the spilled milk.His mother then said, “You know, what we have here is a 8 experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands.Let's see if you can discover a way to carry it without 9 it.”The little boy learned if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could 10 without dropping it.What a good 11 to him!
This famous scientist said it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make 12 .Instead, he learned that mistakes were just 13 for learning something new, which is, after all, what scientific 14 are all about.Even if the experiment doesn't work, we usually learn something 15 from it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位著名的科学家小时候的一次经历，正是妈妈的鼓励和引导，他才懂得了人生应该从错误中学习，不要害怕犯错误。
1．A.impressions B．breakthroughs
C．promises D．intentions
解析：根据上文“Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist”可知，Stephen Glenn做出了几个非常重要的医学突破(breakthroughs)。
√
2．A.outgoing B．responsible
C．warm-hearted D．creative
解析：根据上文“who has made several very important medical ”可知，当被问到为什么他能比一般人更有创造力(creative)时。
√
3．A.experience B．word
C．argument D．adventure
解析：根据下文“that occurred when he was a child”可知，Stephen Glenn回应道他的创造力来自他小时候和母亲的一次经历(experience)。
√
4．A.looking B．yelling
C．smiling D．glancing
解析：根据下文“giving him a lecture or chastising him”可知，Stephen Glenn的妈妈并没有对他大声吼叫(yelling)或指责他。
√
5．A.discovery B．mess
C．change D．joke
解析：根据下文“whenever you make a mess like this”可知，妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn他制造了一个伟大而美妙的混乱(mess)。
√
6．A.when B．as
C．after D．before
解析：妈妈问在把牛奶清理干净之前(before)，Stephen Glenn是否愿意在牛奶里玩几分钟。
√
7．A.gradually B．initially
C．eventually D．constantly
解析：妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn无论什么时候搞得像这样一团糟，最终(eventually)都必须清理干净。
√
8．A.successful B．failed
C．completed D．useless
解析：他们做了一次关于如何有效地用两只小手拿着一个大奶瓶的失败的(failed)实验。
√
9．A.shaking B．dropping
C．lifting D．touching
解析：根据下文“he could without dropping it”可知，他们在尝试找到一种能拿瓶子又不掉(dropping)的方法。
√
10．A.make up B．make off
C．make it D．make sense
解析：根据上文“The little boy learned if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands”可知，Stephen Glenn发现了成功做到(make it)的方法。
√
11．A.attitude B．apology
C．project D．lesson
解析：这对他是多么好的一课(lesson)啊！
√
12．A.efforts B．plans
C．mistakes D．decisions
解析：根据下文“Instead, he learned that mistakes ...”可知，他不必害怕犯错(mistakes)。
√
13．A.requirements B．routines
C．chances D．goals
解析：相反，他意识到错误只是学习新东西的机会(chances)。
√
14．A.achievements B．approaches
C．seminars D．experiments
解析：根据下文“Even if the experiment doesn't work”可知，此处指科学实验(experiments)。
√
15．A.valuable B．ambiguous
C．familiar D．abstract
解析：根据上文“he learned that mistakes were just for learning something new”可知，即使实验不成功，我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的(valuable)东西。
√UNIT 6 课时检测(七)
“The Superhero Behind Superman”的新知学习环节
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The publication of Great Expectations strengthened Dickens' status as a leading ____________ (小说家)．
2．The photo enables the author to better understand the shared ____________ (激情) for beauty.
3．Mohammed Rezwan saw ____________ (机会) where others saw only disaster.
4．Daydreamers have a bad ____________ (名声) for being unaware of what's happening around them.
5．I realized I had to change my ____________ (态度) toward my job.
6．WWF is internationally ____________ (尊敬) for its conservation work.
7．Colour is fundamental in home ____________ (设计) — something you'll always have in every room.
8．She's an ____________ (拥护者) of free trade.
9．Blindness ____________ (突然发生) him so suddenly that he felt he was dying.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．If your ____________ (aware) is sharp, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
2．We are both ____________ (passion) about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people.
3．She started the Ladybug Foundation, an __________ (organise) aiming at getting rid of homelessness.
4．The hospital has made a ____________ (commit) to provide the best possible medical care.
5．Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop ____________ (depress) than people who don't.
6．Running is cheap, easy and it's always ________ (energy)．
Ⅲ.选词填空
be remembered as， make progress， due to， be engaged in， with the progress of， be regarded as， in support of， at the age of
1．I hope that ________________ the talks, I can give you more information in this regard.
2．I had an early start ________________ nine with a role in a TV series.
3．Human life ________________ part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
4．With some work and devotion, you'll ____________.
5．After all, the scientist ________________ serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world.
6．I am just doing what I can ________________ them.
7．Yang Liwei ________________ the first astronaut of China.
8．The success of food halls in large stores is ________________ their convenience.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．I wish that ________________________________ to learn traditional Chinese culture further.
我希望你们能抓住这个机会进一步学习中国传统文化。
2．It is never ________________________.
活到老，学到老。
3．______________________ is based on our strong belief.
我们所做的事情是基于我们坚强的信念。
4．He was __________________ he could lift the big stone.
他如此强壮以至于他能举起那块大石头。
5．____________________________________， but also it is cheap.
那里所有的食物不仅很好吃，而且很便宜。
Ⅴ.主题微写作
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“The person I admire”为题，写一篇短文参赛。
[语篇综合训练]
完形填空
Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist who has made several very important medical __1__.When asked why he was able to be so much more __2__ than the average person, he responded that it all came from a(n) __3__ with his mother that occurred when he was a child.
Stephen tried to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator but spilled (泼出) it all over the kitchen floor.Instead of __4__ at him, giving him a lecture or chastising (指责) him, his mother said, “What a great and wonderful __5__ you've made! Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes __6__ we clean it up？”
Indeed, he did.Then, his mother said, “Stephen, whenever you make a mess like this, __7__ you have to clean it up.” And together they cleaned up the spilled milk.His mother then said, “You know, what we have here is a __8__ experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands.Let's see if you can discover a way to carry it without __9__ it.”The little boy learned if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could __10__ without dropping it.What a good __11__ to him!
This famous scientist said it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make __12__.Instead, he learned that mistakes were just __13__ for learning something new, which is, after all, what scientific __14__ are all about.Even if the experiment doesn't work, we usually learn something __15__ from it.
1．A.impressions B．breakthroughs
C．promises D．intentions
2．A.outgoing B．responsible
C．warm hearted D．creative
3．A.experience B．word
C．argument D．adventure
4．A.looking B．yelling
C．smiling D．glancing
5．A.discovery B．mess
C．change D．joke
6．A.when B．as
C．after D．before
7．A.gradually B．initially
C．eventually D．constantly
8．A.successful B．failed
C．completed D．useless
9．A.shaking B．dropping
C．lifting D．touching
10．A.make up B．make off
C．make it D．make sense
11．A.attitude B．apology
C．project D．lesson
12．A.efforts B．plans
C．mistakes D．decisions
13．A.requirements B．routines
C．chances D．goals
14．A.achievements B．approaches
C．seminars D．experiments
15．A.valuable B．ambiguous
C．familiar D．abstract
UNIT 6 课时检测(七)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.novelist 2.passion 3.opportunity 4.reputation
5．attitude 6.respected 7.design 8.advocate 9.struck
Ⅱ.1.awareness 2.passionate 3.organisation
4．commitment 5.depression 6.energetic
Ⅲ.1.with the progress of 2.at the age of 3.is regarded as
4．make progress 5.is engaged in 6.in support of
7．is remembered as 8.due to
Ⅳ.1.you could grasp this opportunity 2.too old to learn
3．What we do 4.so strong that
5．Not only is all the food there delicious
Ⅴ.参考范文：
The person I admire
There are many respectable people around us. They may be our teachers, parents or one of our elders.
As for me, my father is the person I respect most. My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much. He works very hard every day, but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work.
When I come across problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely. He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students. So I respect my father and I love him deeply.
[语篇综合训练]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位著名的科学家小时候的一次经历，正是妈妈的鼓励和引导，他才懂得了人生应该从错误中学习，不要害怕犯错误。
1．选B 根据上文“Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist”可知，Stephen Glenn做出了几个非常重要的医学突破(breakthroughs)。
2．选D 根据上文“who has made several very important medical ________”可知，当被问到为什么他能比一般人更有创造力(creative)时。
3．选A 根据下文“that occurred when he was a child”可知，Stephen Glenn回应道他的创造力来自他小时候和母亲的一次经历(experience)。
4．选B 根据下文“giving him a lecture or chastising him”可知，Stephen Glenn的妈妈并没有对他大声吼叫(yelling)或指责他。
5．选B 根据下文“whenever you make a mess like this”可知，妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn他制造了一个伟大而美妙的混乱(mess)。
6．选D 妈妈问在把牛奶清理干净之前(before)，Stephen Glenn是否愿意在牛奶里玩几分钟。
7．选C 妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn无论什么时候搞得像这样一团糟，最终(eventually)都必须清理干净。
8．选B 他们做了一次关于如何有效地用两只小手拿着一个大奶瓶的失败的(failed)实验。
9．选B 根据下文“he could ________ without dropping it”可知，他们在尝试找到一种能拿瓶子又不掉(dropping)的方法。
10．选C 根据上文“The little boy learned if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands”可知，Stephen Glenn发现了成功做到(make it)的方法。
11．选D 这对他是多么好的一课(lesson)啊！
12．选C 根据下文“Instead, he learned that mistakes ...”可知，他不必害怕犯错(mistakes)。
13．选C 相反，他意识到错误只是学习新东西的机会(chances)。
14．选D 根据下文“Even if the experiment doesn't work”可知，此处指科学实验(experiments)。
15．选A 根据上文“he learned that mistakes were just ________ for learning something new”可知，即使实验不成功，我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的(valuable)东西。
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