Section 4 Focus on Language：Infinitives
课时目标
1.辨析句子中的谓语动词与非谓语动词。
2.分析并识别非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分。
3.能正确识别动词不定式在句中的成分并准确使用。
语境中体悟
Are you looking for a sports watch to help you keep track of your fitness and chart your training progress①
To wear a DX Sports Watch② is an ideal choice for you, whether you're a professional athlete or keen sportsperson.It has a digital display to record your steps, speed and distance③ , as well as monitor your heart rate and calories burnt.It also has a voice control setting to enable you④to stay hands free⑤， while its waterproof band is fully adjustable so that it is comfortable to wear⑥.
DX Sports Watch is only available online, so go to our website and place your order today!
[语法入门]
句①动词不定式to help you keep ...作后置定语，修饰a sports watch。
句②动词不定式To wear ...作主语。
句③动词不定式to record your steps ...作后置定语，修饰a digital display。
句④动词不定式to enable ...作后置定语，修饰 a voice control setting。
句⑤动词不定式to stay hands free作宾语补足语。
句⑥动词不定式 to wear作状语。
学案中理清
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等，但不能作谓语。其基本结构：to＋动词原形，有时不定式符号to可以省略。其进行时为to be doing，完成时为to have done，否定式为not to do。
一、动词不定式作主语、宾语和表语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)It's so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.
②(教材典句)My aim is to do well in every subject this term.
③(教材典句)All in all, I hope to have a happier, more fruitful and satisfying life in my new school.
④To do this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe.
⑤I think it very necessary to protect the animals.
⑥(教材典句)．..my target is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university.
[会发现]
上述几个例句，其中__________句是不定式短语作主语，__________句是不定式短语作表语，__________句是不定式短语作宾语。(填句子序号)
[明规则]
1．动词不定式作主语
(1)动词不定式作主语时，表示具体的行为或将来的行为，谓语动词用单数。
As the saying goes, “To see is to believe.”
正如谚语所说：“眼见为实。”
(2)为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语放在句首，将不定式置于句末。
It took me half an hour to work out the difficult math problem.
我花了半个小时才解出这道数学难题。
|名师点津|
(1)若要说明不定式表示的动作的发出者，要在不定式前加for或of引起的短语，构成“for/of＋名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”结构，这一结构被称为不定式的复合结构。
(2)在“It is/was＋adj.＋不定式复合结构”句型中，当其中的形容词是说明逻辑主语的性质、品质时，要由of引出逻辑主语，不能用for。这类形容词主要有clever、friendly、careless、foolish、kind、nice、polite、silly、stupid、wise等。
It is important for him to attend every day.
他每天都要出席，这很重要。
It is kind of you to help me with my English.
你帮我学英语真是太好了。
2．动词不定式作宾语
(1)有些动词后常跟不定式(而不跟动名词)作宾语，如： decide、 afford、 agree、 attempt、 choose、 determine、 demand、 expect、 fail、 hope、 manage、 offer、 plan、 prepare、 pretend、 promise、 refuse 等。
(2)用于“动词＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth.”结构中，其中it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。能用于该结构的动词有：feel、 find、 think、 believe、 consider、 make等。
I hope to have a new type of cell phone.
我希望有一部新款手机。
My father finally agreed to help us.
最终，我父亲同意帮我们。
3．动词不定式作表语
(1)不定式作表语一般表示具体的动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
(2)如果主语的中心词是aim、 duty、 hope、 idea、 job、 plan、 problem、 wish等，或是what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语对其做补充说明。
My wish is to join the army after graduation.
我的愿望是毕业后参军。
His job is to feed animals.
他的工作是喂养动物。
My dream is to become a dancer.
我的梦想是成为一名舞蹈家。
[对点练]
(1)句型转换
①To get up early is a good habit.
→____________ a good habit ________________.
②It is difficult to speak a foreign language well.
→________________________ difficult.
③I find it is hard to work with him.
→I find ________________.
(2)完成句子
④An English poetry recitation contest is __________________ next month in our school.
下个月我们学校将举行英语诗歌朗诵比赛。
⑤(2022·全国甲卷)As high school students, it's our responsibility ________________.
作为高中生，保护海洋是我们的责任。
⑥When I entered the room, he ____________ me.
当我进入房间时，他假装没看见我。
二、不定式作定语、状语和宾语补足语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)Li Ying is the first person to join the volunteering club in her class.
②The teacher has us recite the text every day.
③(教材典句)To achieve all I want, I must use my time well.
④He is a pleasant person to work with.
⑤I come here only to say good bye to you.
⑥(教材典句)My mum keeps telling me to go out with my school friends instead.
[会发现]
上述几个例句，其中____________句是不定式短语作宾语补足语，__________句是不定式短语作定语，__________句是不定式短语作状语。(填句子序号)
[明规则]
1．动词不定式作定语
(1)动词不定式作定语时应放在被修饰词的后面。
(2)序数词、形容词最高级或 the last/the only/the next等后常用动词不定式作定语。
(3)抽象名词 time、 way、 reason、 chance、 courage、 ability、 promise、 attempt 等后常用动词不定式作定语。
(4)something、 nothing、 anything 等不定代词后常用动词不定式作定语。
(5)动词不定式作定语，有时与前面被修饰的名词在逻辑上是动宾关系；如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
I want to get something to read during the vacation. 我想找点能在假期里读的东西。
He is the best man to do the job.
他是做这份工作的最佳人选。
Your way to solve the problem is different from mine. 你解决这个问题的方法与我的不同。
In my daily life, I always have piles of problems to deal with. 在我的日常生活中，我总是有成堆的问题要去处理。
2．动词不定式作状语
(1)作目的状语
动词不定式作目的状语时，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，一般放在句子后半部分，表示强调，也可位于句首；其前可加in order 和 so as，但 so as 不能放在句首。
To reduce air pollution，we should take the public transports rather than the private car.
为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘坐公共交通工具，而不是私家车。
(2)作原因状语
动词不定式常跟在一些形容词之后说明产生某种情绪的原因。此类形容词有：happy、 lucky、surprised、 sorry、 glad、 delighted、 eager、 anxious、 ready、 foolish、 interested、 worried等。
He was delighted to see his old friend again.
再次见到他的老朋友，他感到很高兴。
(3)作结果状语
动词不定式作结果状语时往往含有“令人意想不到”的意思，其中以“使人不愉快的结果”较为常见。动词不定式之前有时可以加上 only或 but only，以加强语气。
I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed.
我急忙赶到邮局，结果发现关门了。
3．动词不定式作宾语补足语
(1)动词不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补足语：ask、 advise、 encourage、 expect、 invite、 notice、 order、 teach、 tell、 warn等。
We should encourage students to take part in some voluntary activities.
我们应该鼓励学生参加一些志愿活动。
(2)在使役动词 let、 have、 make后，感官动词see、 watch、 look at、 notice、 hear、 listen to、 feel等后作宾语补足语时，不定式常省略to。
The teacher made some students stay in the classroom after school.
老师让一些学生放学后留在教室里。
|名师点津| 上述动词变为被动语态时不定式符号to不能省掉。如：
He was seen to go upstairs just now.
有人看见他刚才上楼了。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①(2024·浙江1月高考)However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra __________ (benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense.
②(2022·全国乙卷)____________ (find) out the approaches to learning English beyond the classroom, we conducted a survey among students.
③(2021·浙江高考)Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ____________ (plant) flowers in the front yard.
④(2021·天津高考)Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker __________ (teach) her all the skills.
⑤He feels sorry, for he doesn't have any money ____________ (buy) his wife a new coat.
⑥He hurried to the station, only ____________ (find) that the train had left.
三、疑问词＋动词不定式
1．疑问代词(who, which, what)和疑问副词(how, when, where)后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语。
2．作主语时谓语动词一般用单数形式。
3．该结构中的不定式常用主动形式。
Here are some suggestions on how to keep fit.
这是一些关于如何保持健康的建议。
When to hold the meeting has not been decided. 会议何时举行尚未决定。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①He doesn't know ____________________.
他不知道该选哪一个。
②(2022·全国甲卷)The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew ________________.
分歧如此尖锐，他和我都不知道如何解决。
[随堂应用体验]
根据汉语提示用动词不定式完成短文
As some of the actors could not sing well enough, they ①________________ (决定依靠) other musicians ②______________ (来帮助他们)．So during the broadcasts they just ③____________ (假装唱)．Anyhow their performances were humorous enough ④______________________ (被其他团体模仿)．They were so popular that their fans ⑤________________ (希望熟悉他们)．Each week on TV, the Monkees would play and sing some songs written by other musicians.However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, they ⑥________________________ (开始演奏和演唱自己的歌曲) like a real band.In the US they became even more popular than other bands.The band broke up in 1970, but happily, they reunited in the 1980s.
Section 4 Focus on Language：Infinitives
学案中理清
一、[会发现] ①④ ②⑥ ③⑤
[对点练] ①It is; to get up early
②To speak a foreign language well is
③it hard to work with him ④to be held
⑤to protect oceans ⑥pretended not to see
二、[会发现] ②⑥ ①④ ③⑤
[对点练] ①to benefit ②To find ③to plant ④to teach
⑤to buy ⑥to find
三、[对点练] ①which one to choose ②how to settle it
[随堂应用体验]
①determined to rely on ②to help them ③pretended to sing
④to be copied by other groups ⑤hoped to get familiar with them
⑥started to play and sing their own songs(共62张PPT)
Section 4
Focus on Language：Infinitives
课时目标
1.辨析句子中的谓语动词与非谓语动词。
2.分析并识别非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分。
3.能正确识别动词不定式在句中的成分并准确使用。
语境中体悟
Are you looking for a sports watch to help you keep track of your fitness and chart your training progress①
To wear a DX Sports Watch② is an ideal choice for you, whether you're a professional athlete or keen sportsperson.It has a digital display to record your steps, speed and distance③ , as well as monitor your heart rate and calories burnt.It also has a voice control setting to enable you④to stay hands-free⑤， while its waterproof band is fully adjustable so that it is comfortable to wear⑥.
DX Sports Watch is only available online, so go to our website and place your order today!
[语法入门]
句①动词不定式to help you keep ...作后置定语，修饰a sports watch。
句②动词不定式To wear ...作主语。
句③动词不定式to record your steps ...作后置定语，修饰a digital display。
句④动词不定式to enable ...作后置定语，修饰 a voice control setting。
句⑤动词不定式to stay hands-free作宾语补足语。
句⑥动词不定式 to wear作状语。
学案中理清
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等，但不能作谓语。其基本结构：to＋动词原形，有时不定式符号to可以省略。其进行时为to be doing，完成时为to have done，否定式为not to do。
一、动词不定式作主语、宾语和表语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)It's so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.
②(教材典句)My aim is to do well in every subject this term.
③(教材典句)All in all, I hope to have a happier, more fruitful and satisfying life in my new school.
④To do this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe.
⑤I think it very necessary to protect the animals.
⑥(教材典句)．..my target is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university.
[会发现]
上述几个例句，其中______句是不定式短语作主语，______句是不定式短语作表语，_____句是不定式短语作宾语。(填句子序号)
①④
②⑥
③⑤
[明规则]
1．动词不定式作主语
(1)动词不定式作主语时，表示具体的行为或将来的行为，谓语动词用单数。
As the saying goes, “To see is to believe.”
正如谚语所说：“眼见为实。”
(2)为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语放在句首，将不定式置于句末。
It took me half an hour to work out the difficult math problem.
我花了半个小时才解出这道数学难题。
|名师点津|
(1)若要说明不定式表示的动作的发出者，要在不定式前加for或of引起的短语，构成“for/of＋名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”结构，这一结构被称为不定式的复合结构。
(2)在“It is/was＋adj.＋不定式复合结构”句型中，当其中的形容词是说明逻辑主语的性质、品质时，要由of引出逻辑主语，不能用for。这类形容词主要有clever、friendly、careless、foolish、kind、nice、polite、silly、stupid、wise等。
It is important for him to attend every day.
他每天都要出席，这很重要。
It is kind of you to help me with my English.
你帮我学英语真是太好了。
2．动词不定式作宾语
(1)有些动词后常跟不定式(而不跟动名词)作宾语，如： decide、 afford、 agree、 attempt、 choose、 determine、 demand、 expect、 fail、 hope、 manage、 offer、 plan、 prepare、 pretend、 promise、 refuse 等。
(2)用于“动词＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth.”结构中，其中it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。能用于该结构的动词有：feel、 find、 think、 believe、 consider、 make等。
I hope to have a new type of cell phone.
我希望有一部新款手机。
My father finally agreed to help us.
最终，我父亲同意帮我们。
3．动词不定式作表语
(1)不定式作表语一般表示具体的动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
(2)如果主语的中心词是aim、 duty、 hope、 idea、 job、 plan、 problem、 wish等，或是what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语对其做补充说明。
My wish is to join the army after graduation.
我的愿望是毕业后参军。
His job is to feed animals.
他的工作是喂养动物。
My dream is to become a dancer.
我的梦想是成为一名舞蹈家。
[对点练]
(1)句型转换
①To get up early is a good habit.
→_____ a good habit ______________.
②It is difficult to speak a foreign language well.
→_______________________________ difficult.
③I find it is hard to work with him.
→I find _______________________.
It is
to get up early
To speak a foreign language well is
it hard to work with him
(2)完成句子
④An English poetry recitation contest is __________ next month in our school.
下个月我们学校将举行英语诗歌朗诵比赛。
to be held
⑤(2022·全国甲卷)As high school students, it's our responsibility ________________.
作为高中生，保护海洋是我们的责任。
⑥When I entered the room, he ___________________ me.
当我进入房间时，他假装没看见我。
to protect oceans
pretended not to see
二、不定式作定语、状语和宾语补足语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)Li Ying is the first person to join the volunteering club in her class.
②The teacher has us recite the text every day.
③(教材典句)To achieve all I want, I must use my time well.
④He is a pleasant person to work with.
⑤I come here only to say good-bye to you.
⑥(教材典句)My mum keeps telling me to go out with my school friends instead.
[会发现]
上述几个例句，其中_____句是不定式短语作宾语补足语，_____句是不定式短语作定语，______句是不定式短语作状语。(填句子序号)
②⑥
①④
③⑤
[明规则]
1．动词不定式作定语
(1)动词不定式作定语时应放在被修饰词的后面。
(2)序数词、形容词最高级或 the last/the only/the next等后常用动词不定式作定语。
(3)抽象名词 time、 way、 reason、 chance、 courage、 ability、 promise、 attempt 等后常用动词不定式作定语。
(4)something、 nothing、 anything 等不定代词后常用动词不定式作定语。
(5)动词不定式作定语，有时与前面被修饰的名词在逻辑上是动宾关系；如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
I want to get something to read during the vacation.
我想找点能在假期里读的东西。
He is the best man to do the job.
他是做这份工作的最佳人选。
Your way to solve the problem is different from mine.
你解决这个问题的方法与我的不同。
In my daily life, I always have piles of problems to deal with.
在我的日常生活中，我总是有成堆的问题要去处理。
2．动词不定式作状语
(1)作目的状语
动词不定式作目的状语时，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，一般放在句子后半部分，表示强调，也可位于句首；其前可加in order 和 so as，但 so as 不能放在句首。
To reduce air pollution，we should take the public transports rather than the private car.
为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘坐公共交通工具，而不是私家车。
(2)作原因状语
动词不定式常跟在一些形容词之后说明产生某种情绪的原因。此类形容词有：happy、 lucky、surprised、 sorry、 glad、 delighted、 eager、 anxious、 ready、 foolish、 interested、 worried等。
He was delighted to see his old friend again.
再次见到他的老朋友，他感到很高兴。
(3)作结果状语
动词不定式作结果状语时往往含有“令人意想不到”的意思，其中以“使人不愉快的结果”较为常见。动词不定式之前有时可以加上 only或 but only，以加强语气。
I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed.
我急忙赶到邮局，结果发现关门了。
3．动词不定式作宾语补足语
(1)动词不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补足语：ask、 advise、 encourage、 expect、 invite、 notice、 order、 teach、 tell、 warn等。
We should encourage students to take part in some voluntary activities.
我们应该鼓励学生参加一些志愿活动。
(2)在使役动词 let、 have、 make后，感官动词see、 watch、 look at、 notice、 hear、 listen to、 feel等后作宾语补足语时，不定式常省略to。
The teacher made some students stay in the classroom after school.
老师让一些学生放学后留在教室里。
|名师点津| 上述动词变为被动语态时不定式符号to不能省掉。如：
He was seen to go upstairs just now.
有人看见他刚才上楼了。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①(2024·浙江1月高考)However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra _________ (benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense.
②(2022·全国乙卷)________ (find) out the approaches to learning English beyond the classroom, we conducted a survey among students.
③(2021·浙江高考)Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ________ (plant) flowers in the front yard.
to benefit
To find
to plant
④(2021·天津高考)Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ (teach) her all the skills.
⑤He feels sorry, for he doesn't have any money _______ (buy) his wife a new coat.
⑥He hurried to the station, only _______ (find) that the train had left.
to teach
to buy
to find
三、疑问词＋动词不定式
1．疑问代词(who, which, what)和疑问副词(how, when, where)后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语。
2．作主语时谓语动词一般用单数形式。
3．该结构中的不定式常用主动形式。
Here are some suggestions on how to keep fit.
这是一些关于如何保持健康的建议。
When to hold the meeting has not been decided.
会议何时举行尚未决定。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①He doesn't know __________________.
他不知道该选哪一个。
②(2022·全国甲卷)The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew ______________.
分歧如此尖锐，他和我都不知道如何解决。
which one to choose
how to settle it
[随堂应用体验]
根据汉语提示用动词不定式完成短文
As some of the actors could not sing well enough, they ①____________________ (决定依靠) other musicians ②____________ (来帮助他们)．So during the broadcasts they just ③_______________ (假装唱)．Anyhow their performances were humorous enough ④___
________________________ (被其他团体模仿)．They were so popular that their fans ⑤_____________________________ (希望熟悉他们)．
determined to rely on
to help them
pretended to sing
to
be copied by other groups
hoped to get familiar with them
Each week on TV, the Monkees would play and sing some songs written by other musicians.However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, they ⑥____________________
________________ (开始演奏和演唱自己的歌曲) like a real band.In the US they became even more popular than other bands.The band broke up in 1970, but happily, they reunited in the 1980s.
started to play and sing
their own songs
课时检测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．There is always something exciting _____ (do)．
2．The baby seems _____________ (enjoy) himself very much when his mother came in.
3．The question asked by the students was difficult __________ (handle)．
to do
to be enjoying
to handle
4．The book ______________ (publish) next week is written by a famous young writer.
5．He served people so wholeheartedly as ____________ (praise) by all.
6．To be honest, I preferred ___________ (schedule) the meeting today rather than tomorrow.
7．Therefore, checking different sources enables us _________ (draw) a more informed conclusion.
to be published
to be praised
to schedule
to draw
8．They are talking about what they will bring to the party _________ (hold) this weekend.
9．Sarah, who has taken part in shows, wants _________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.
10．The young girl was observed ________ (enter) the office silently.
to be held
to prove
to enter
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．Where can I buy some writing paper Could you please tell me？(用“疑问词＋不定式”)
→Could you please tell me _____________ some writing paper
2．We all have a chance that we'll go to study abroad next year.
→We all have a chance ____________________ next year.
where to buy
to go to study abroad
3．The teacher recommended that we (should) read the novel.
→The teacher recommended us ________________.
4．Dan made for his car but found the driver's door locked.
→Dan made for his car only _______ the driver's door locked.
to read the novel
to find
Ⅲ.阅读理解
I've just done my first jump since the accident that nearly killed me just a year ago. As I was lying in hospital, thinking that I would never skydive again, I wasn't feeling glad to be alive. Instead, I was wondering how I could possibly live without it.
It all started one evening after another nine-to-five day. I was sitting at home thinking, “There has to be more to life than this，” when an advertisement came on the television, “Try skydiving！”
The next day, I called the nearest skydiving center and booked my first jump. I will never forget my first jump. It was a beautiful, cloudless day and the sun was just going down. As I pushed myself away from the plane at 11,000 feet, my mind went blank.
Words cannot describe the excitement I experienced while I was free-falling. That was the most amazing four minutes of my life.
From the first jump, I was hooked. I started spending every free moment I had skydiving. At work, I sat in front of my computer and imagined ways of making more money so that I could jump more often.
The accident happened on my 1,040th jump. Another skydiver hit my parachute (降落伞) at 80 feet. I fell and hit the ground at about 30 mph, face down. I broke my legs, my right arm and my nose. I lost 6 liters of blood, 19 teeth and 25 pounds of fat. I was lucky to be alive.
People who have never experienced skydiving will find it hard to understand that my only reason to get better was that I could do it again. All I can say is that for me, skydiving is life and life is skydiving.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者想要做一些比工作更有意义的事，便去尝试跳伞并爱上了跳伞。
1．The writer began skydiving because .
A．he wanted to find something more meaningful than just work
B．he was persuaded by the local skydiving club to have a try
C．he made a promise he would go on with it
D．he didn't realize what serious injury it might end in
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I was sitting at home thinking, ‘There has to be more to life than this，’ when an advertisement came on the television, ‘Try skydiving！’”可知，作者开始跳伞是因为他想找到比工作更有意义的事情。
2．What can we learn about the writer's first skydiving from the passage
A．The writer planned it for a long time.
B．The writer was too nervous to enjoy it.
C．It proved to be fairly successful.
D．It took place a year before the accident.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Words cannot describe the excitement I experienced while I was free-falling. That was the most amazing four minutes of my life.”可知，作者的第一次跳伞非常成功。
3．The underlined sentence “I was hooked” in Paragraph 5 probably means “ ”．
A．I was attracted by skydiving
B．I was shocked by skydiving
C．I became familiar with skydiving
D．I became curious about skydiving
√
解析：句意理解题。根据第五段中的“I started spending every free moment I had skydiving. At work, I sat in front of my computer and imagined ways of making more money so that I could jump more often.”可知，画线句子的意思是“我被跳伞吸引了”。
4．Which of the following shows the writer's strong will for skydiving
A．The writer spent almost every nine-to-five day skydiving.
B．The writer worked hard to make more money for skydiving.
C．The writer imagined himself skydiving while at the hospital.
D．The writer expected to recover only to continue skydiving.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“People who have never experienced skydiving will find it hard to understand that my only reason to get better was that I could do it again.”可知，作者希望身体恢复的唯一理由是继续跳伞表明作者对跳伞的强烈意愿。
Ⅳ.语法填空
A reporter was interviewing an astronaut. She asked him, “How have you become an astronaut and, 1 (general) speaking, what are the requirements to become an astronaut？”
The astronaut answered, “My experience as an astronaut was born thanks to the Aeronautica Militare. When I 2 (enter) the Air Force in 1995, my project was to become a pilot of tactical aircraft. After 3 (complete) my training at the Euro-NATO Joint Jet Pilot training school, at Sheppard Air Force Base, Texas, I returned to Italy to be a fighter pilot. Then, I was allowed 4 (become) an experimental pilot and I graduated from the EPNER, the French test pilot school, in Istres.
In 2008, with the experimental pilot identity, I could apply 5 a career as an ESA astronaut. There were (and there still are) two 6 (path) to make oneself become an astronaut: a pilot method, for those who have pilot experience, and a non-pilot method for those who have a science (engineering, physics, medical, etc.) background. If you are in the pilot path,
being a test pilot gives you more points in the selection (选拔) because there 7 (be) much similarity between the pilot's work and 8 of the astronaut. When I applied, back in 2008, two astronauts 9 (choose) from the pilot method and four — actually five, including one 10 was later added — came from the non-pilot method.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名宇航员的成长经历。
1．generally 考查副词。generally speaking意为“一般来说”，为固定短语，副词修饰动词。
2．entered 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“in 1995”可知，这是在描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。
3．completing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，介词After后应用动名词作宾语。
4．to become 考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，为固定句型，其被动语态为sb. be allowed to do sth.。
5．for 考查介词。apply for意为“申请”，是固定短语。
6．paths 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，该空作句子主语，应用名词，且前面有two修饰，故用复数形式。
7．is 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语much similarity为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数。
8．that 考查代词。这里指代前文出现的“work”，为不可数名词，如果代指在前文中出现的对等的部分(不是同一个事物，只是对等)应用that。
9．were chosen 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“in 2008”可知，描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；主语“two astronauts”和谓语动词“choose”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。
10．who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词one，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应用who引导该从句。注意先行词是one时，一般不用that引导定语从句。UNIT 1 课时检测(四) Focus on Language：Infinitives
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．There is always something exciting __________ (do)．
2．The baby seems __________ (enjoy) himself very much when his mother came in.
3．The question asked by the students was difficult ____________ (handle)．
4．The book ________________ (publish) next week is written by a famous young writer.
5．He served people so wholeheartedly as ____________ (praise) by all.
6．To be honest, I preferred __________ (schedule) the meeting today rather than tomorrow.
7．Therefore, checking different sources enables us ________________ (draw) a more informed conclusion.
8．They are talking about what they will bring to the party ____________ (hold) this weekend.
9．Sarah, who has taken part in shows, wants ____________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.
10．The young girl was observed __________ (enter) the office silently.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．Where can I buy some writing paper Could you please tell me？(用“疑问词＋不定式”)
→Could you please tell me ________________ some writing paper
2．We all have a chance that we'll go to study abroad next year.
→We all have a chance ____________________ next year.
3．The teacher recommended that we (should) read the novel.
→The teacher recommended us _________________________________________________.
4．Dan made for his car but found the driver's door locked.
→Dan made for his car only ________________ the driver's door locked.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
I've just done my first jump since the accident that nearly killed me just a year ago. As I was lying in hospital, thinking that I would never skydive again, I wasn't feeling glad to be alive. Instead, I was wondering how I could possibly live without it.
It all started one evening after another nine to five day. I was sitting at home thinking, “There has to be more to life than this，” when an advertisement came on the television, “Try skydiving！”
The next day, I called the nearest skydiving center and booked my first jump. I will never forget my first jump. It was a beautiful, cloudless day and the sun was just going down. As I pushed myself away from the plane at 11,000 feet, my mind went blank.
Words cannot describe the excitement I experienced while I was free falling. That was the most amazing four minutes of my life.
From the first jump, I_was_hooked. I started spending every free moment I had skydiving. At work, I sat in front of my computer and imagined ways of making more money so that I could jump more often.
The accident happened on my 1,040th jump. Another skydiver hit my parachute (降落伞) at 80 feet. I fell and hit the ground at about 30 mph, face down. I broke my legs, my right arm and my nose. I lost 6 liters of blood, 19 teeth and 25 pounds of fat. I was lucky to be alive.
People who have never experienced skydiving will find it hard to understand that my only reason to get better was that I could do it again. All I can say is that for me, skydiving is life and life is skydiving.
1．The writer began skydiving because________.
A．he wanted to find something more meaningful than just work
B．he was persuaded by the local skydiving club to have a try
C．he made a promise he would go on with it
D．he didn't realize what serious injury it might end in
2．What can we learn about the writer's first skydiving from the passage
A．The writer planned it for a long time.
B．The writer was too nervous to enjoy it.
C．It proved to be fairly successful.
D．It took place a year before the accident.
3．The underlined sentence “I was hooked” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”．
A．I was attracted by skydiving
B．I was shocked by skydiving
C．I became familiar with skydiving
D．I became curious about skydiving
4．Which of the following shows the writer's strong will for skydiving
A．The writer spent almost every nine to five day skydiving.
B．The writer worked hard to make more money for skydiving.
C．The writer imagined himself skydiving while at the hospital.
D．The writer expected to recover only to continue skydiving.
Ⅳ.语法填空
A reporter was interviewing an astronaut. She asked him, “How have you become an astronaut and, __1__ (general) speaking, what are the requirements to become an astronaut？”
The astronaut answered, “My experience as an astronaut was born thanks to the Aeronautica Militare. When I __2__ (enter) the Air Force in 1995, my project was to become a pilot of tactical aircraft. After __3__ (complete) my training at the Euro NATO Joint Jet Pilot training school, at Sheppard Air Force Base, Texas, I returned to Italy to be a fighter pilot. Then, I was allowed __4__ (become) an experimental pilot and I graduated from the EPNER, the French test pilot school, in Istres.
In 2008, with the experimental pilot identity, I could apply __5__ a career as an ESA astronaut. There were (and there still are) two __6__ (path) to make oneself become an astronaut: a pilot method, for those who have pilot experience, and a non pilot method for those who have a science (engineering, physics, medical, etc.) background. If you are in the pilot path, being a test pilot gives you more points in the selection (选拔) because there __7__ (be) much similarity between the pilot's work and __8__ of the astronaut. When I applied, back in 2008, two astronauts __9__ (choose) from the pilot method and four — actually five, including one __10__ was later added — came from the non pilot method.”
UNIT 1 课时检测(四)
Ⅰ.1.to do 2.to be enjoying 3.to handle 4.to be published
5．to be praised 6.to schedule 7.to draw 8.to be held
9．to prove 10.to enter
Ⅱ.1.where to buy 2.to go to study abroad
3．to read the novel 4.to find
Ⅲ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者想要做一些比工作更有意义的事，便去尝试跳伞并爱上了跳伞。
1．选A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I was sitting at home thinking, ‘There has to be more to life than this，’ when an advertisement came on the television, ‘Try skydiving！’”可知，作者开始跳伞是因为他想找到比工作更有意义的事情。
2．选C 推理判断题。根据第四段“Words cannot describe the excitement I experienced while I was free falling. That was the most amazing four minutes of my life.”可知，作者的第一次跳伞非常成功。
3．选A 句意理解题。根据第五段中的“I started spending every free moment I had skydiving. At work, I sat in front of my computer and imagined ways of making more money so that I could jump more often.”可知，画线句子的意思是“我被跳伞吸引了”。
4．选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“People who have never experienced skydiving will find it hard to understand that my only reason to get better was that I could do it again.”可知，作者希望身体恢复的唯一理由是继续跳伞表明作者对跳伞的强烈意愿。
Ⅳ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名宇航员的成长经历。
1．generally 考查副词。generally speaking意为“一般来说”，为固定短语，副词修饰动词。
2．entered 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“in 1995”可知，这是在描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。
3．completing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，介词After后应用动名词作宾语。
4．to become 考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，为固定句型，其被动语态为sb. be allowed to do sth.。
5．for 考查介词。apply for意为“申请”，是固定短语。
6．paths 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，该空作句子主语，应用名词，且前面有two修饰，故用复数形式。
7．is 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语much similarity为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数。
8．that 考查代词。这里指代前文出现的“work”，为不可数名词，如果代指在前文中出现的对等的部分(不是同一个事物，只是对等)应用that。
9．were chosen 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“in 2008”可知，描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；主语“two astronauts”和谓语动词“choose”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。
10．who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词one，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应用who引导该从句。注意先行词是one时，一般不用that引导定语从句。
