2017高考英语一轮巩固练习及答案—人教版必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars

2017高考英语一轮练习及答案—人教版必修3U4
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、单句语法填空
1．Reading
in
bed
will
do
harm
________
your
eyes.
2．It
is
impossible
for
a
cock
to
lay
________
(egg)．
3．(2015·浙江，16)If
ste
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )el
is
heavier
than
water，why
are
ships
able
________
(float)on
the
sea
4．(2014·江西，阅读A)In
his
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
black
and
blue
suit
and
with
________
oxygen
tank
fastened
on
his
back，Larry
dived
from
boats
into
the
middle
of
the
ocean.
5．(2014·福建，阅读B)The
cl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )imate
here
________
(be)quite
pleasant，the
temperature
rarely，if
ever，reaching
30℃
in
summer.
6．Our
success
depends
________
whether
everyone
works
hard.
7．(2015·陕西，阅读
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )C)The
destruction
of
such
species
could
prevent
researchers
________
(find)cures
for
certain
diseases.
8．It
was
difficult
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for
the
helicopters
________
(get)close
to
the
roof
of
the
building
because
of
the
heavy
smoke.
9．(2013·天津，6)We
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave
launched
another
man－made
satellite，________
is
announced
in
today's
newspaper.
10．Now
that
they
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have
computers，it
becomes
________
(easy)to
deal
with
the
problems.
答案　
1.to　2.eggs　3.to
float　4.an　5.is　
6.on
7．finding　8.to
get　9.which　10.easier
二、完形填空
（2016高考模拟选编）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
体裁：夹叙夹议　话题：礼物　词数：300　时间：15′
During
the
1960s，my
fa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther
had
lay offs(解雇)
now
and
then.My
mother
__1__
the
family's
money.She
worked，but
money
was
tight
as
she
__2__
to
pay
the
bills
until
my
dad
was
rehired.At
that
time
I
was
too
young
to
know
her
__3__．
But
one
sprin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g，when
I
was
10，during
one
of
my
father's
lay offs，I
could
__4__
my
mother
was
upset.I
__5__
that
I
would
cheer
her
up
by
buying
her
a
special
Mother's
Day
gift.
I
could
reme
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mber
my
mother
once
__6__
a
store，the
Agins，with
great
admiration.So
I
rode
my
bike
to
the
store
and
told
Mrs.Agins
I
was
looking
for
a
Mother's
Day
present.
She
didn't
__7__
me
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
but
treated
me
like
a
valued
customer
and
suggested
an
Italian
purse.
“How
much
money
do
you
have？”
she
asked.
“Twelve
dollars，”
I
said.
“You're
in
__8__，”s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
smiled.“It's
only
$11.You
have
a
dollar
left
for
the
__9__．”
Then
I
__10__
off
happily.
When
my
mother
op
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ened
the
gift，she
appeared
rather
angry，“__11__
did
you
get
this？”
“I
bought
it
at
the
Agins，”I
said，“Mrs.Agins
charged
me
11
dollars.”
Then
my
mother
was
surprised
into
__12__．
It
wasn't
until
many
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
years
later
that
I
learned
that
the
__13__
was
worth
several
hundred
dollars，that
I
__14__
just
how
wonderful
Mrs.Agins
had
been
to
me.
My
mother，who
__15
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__
the
purse
for
many
years
until
it
was
__16__
repair，is
now
90.She
said
she
can
still
recall
every
__17__
about
it：the
leather，the
color
and
even
the
buttons.
“You
know
what
real
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly
__18__
me
to
this
day，”my
mother
said.“Letting
you
have
the
purse
for
just
a
few
dollars
was
__19__
enough.But
the
fact
that
she
let
you
leave
the
store
with
a
dollar
for
the
card
was
of
much
__20__
that
I'll
never
forget.”
【语篇解读】　作者小时候家里经
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )济条件不好，但为了使妈妈高兴，作者决定给妈妈买礼物。好心的Agins夫人以低价卖给了作者一个贵重的皮夹。这件事令作者的妈妈终生难忘。
1．A.controlled
B．managed
C．spent
D．paid
答案　B　[根据上下句可知，此处应为
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )妈妈管理(managed)家里的钱。control意为“控制”；spend意为“花费”；pay意为“付钱”。]
2．A.struggled
B．wished
C．continued
D．prepared
答案　A　[由上文的“money
was
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
tight”可推知，妈妈付账单都很费劲，故用struggle
to
do
sth，意为“挣扎着做某事，努力做某事”。]
3．A.hopes
B．attitudes
C．worries
D．opinions
答案　C　[从上下文语境可知，此处指，“我”当时太小，还不了解妈妈的烦恼(经济总是紧张)。]
4．A.tell
B．understand
C．believe
D．remember
答案　A　[由下文中的“I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
__5__
that
I
would
cheer
her
up”可知，但是一年春天，爸爸失业的时候，“我”能感觉到妈妈的难过。tell“知道，了解，觉察”。]
5．A.said
B．chose
C．insisted
D．decided
答案　D　[由前一句“我”可以感觉到妈妈很难过和下文“我”买礼物给妈妈可知，这里指“我”决定(decided)为妈妈买礼物。]
6．A.saw
B．mentioned
C．stared
D．observed
答案　B　[由上下文可知这里应是妈妈曾经提到过一家名叫the
Agins的商店。]
7．A.serve
B．receive
C．welcome
D．ignore
答案　D　[根据下文的“treate
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
me
like
a
valued
customer”可知，Agins夫人并没有忽视(ignore)我，反而待我像一位尊贵的顾客。]
8．A.luck
B．surprise
C．fashion
D．doubt
答案　A　[根据下文中的“It's
only
$11”可知，“我”有12美元，礼物只要11美元，所以店主应说“你很幸运”。]
9．A.flower
B．bike
C．card
D．gift
答案　C　[文章最后一段中提到了卡片(card)，是对此处的提示。]
10．A.ran
B．rode
C．drove
D．walked
答案　B　[上文提到作者是骑自行车到商店去的，故这里应是骑(rode)自行车回去。]
11．A.Where
B．When
C．Why
D．How
答案　A　[从下文的回答“I
bought
it
at
the
Agins”得知，本句妈妈问“你从哪儿得来的这个钱包”。]
12．A.silence
B．laughter
C．cheers
D．excitement
答案　A　[从下文可知，这个钱包值数百美元，而Mrs
Agins仅售11美元，所以妈妈惊讶得说不出话来。]
13．A.card
B．store
C．purse
D．leather
答案　C　[根据上文提到的“an
Italian
purse”可知，“我”给妈妈买的礼物是钱包，所以此处答案为钱包(purse)。]
14．A.wondered
B．appreciated
C．considered
D．thought
答案　B　[直到很多年之后“我”才了解到那个钱包价值数百美元，深深地感激(appreciated)Agins夫人对我那么好。]
15．A.deserved
B．took
C．carried
D．felt
答案　C　[由上下文可推知，妈妈一直拿着这个钱包直到它再也不能修补。]
16．A.within
B．beyond
C．under
D．for
答案　B　[参见上题解析。beyon
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
repair“不能修补”；under
repair“在修理中”；for
repair“去修理”。]
17．A.pattern
B．detail
C．part
D．use
答案　B　[根据下文“the
leat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her，the
color
and
even
the
buttons”，这些都是钱包的细节，而不是“图案、零件、使用”等。]
18．A.puzzles
B．pleases
C．amazes
D．satisfies
答案　C　[根据上文提到的“Then
my
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
mother
was
surprised
into...”，可知妈妈当时感觉很吃惊，所以妈妈现在说的是“那天使我真正感到吃惊的是……”。amaze“使惊愕，使惊诧”。]
19．A.appropriate
B．happy
C．regretful
D．unbelievable
答案　D　[根据上文可知，作者花了11美元买了一个价值几百美元的钱包，这件事是令人难以置信的。]
20．A.wisdom
B．pity
C．patience
D．kindness
答案　D　[根据文中的信息“You
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
have
a
dollar
left
for
the
__9__．”可知，Agins夫人很善良，故用kindness。]
三、阅读理解
A
【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文,
从给的四个选项
(A、B、C和D)
中,
选出最佳选项。
A
new
study
shows
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudents
who
write
notes
by
hand
during
lectures
perform
better
on
exams
than
those
who
use
laptops(笔记本电脑)．
Students
are
increas
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ingly
using
laptops
for
note taking
because
of
speed
and
legibility(清晰度)．But
the
research
has
found
laptop
users
are
less
able
to
remember
and
apply
the
concepts
they
have
been
taught.
Researchers
perfo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rmed
experiments
that
aimed
to
find
out
whether
using
a
laptop
increased
the
tendency
to
make
notes“mindlessly”by
taking
down
word
for
word
what
the
professors
said.
In
the
first
exper
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iment，students
were
given
either
a
laptop
or
pen
and
paper.They
listened
to
the
same
lectures
and
were
told
to
use
their
usual
note taking
skills.Thirty
minutes
after
the
talk，they
were
examined
on
their
ability
to
remember
facts
and
on
how
well
they
understood
concepts.
The
researchers
fou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd
that
laptop
users
took
twice
as
many
notes
as
those
who
wrote
by
hand.However，the
typists
performed
worse
at
remembering
and
applying
the
concepts.Both
groups
scored
similarly
when
it
came
to
memorizing
facts.
The
researcher
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s'
report
said，“While
more
notes
are
beneficial，if
the
notes
are
taken
mindlessly，as
is
more
likely
the
case
on
a
laptop，the
benefit
disappears.”
In
another
ex
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )periment
aimed
at
testing
long term
memory，students
took
notes
as
before
but
were
tested
a
week
after
the
lecture.This
time，the
students
who
wrote
notes
by
hand
performed
significantly
better
on
the
exam.
These
two
experiments
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
suggest
that
handwritten
notes
are
not
only
better
for
immediate
learning
and
understanding，but
that
they
also
lead
to
superior
revision
in
the
future.
1．More
and
more
studen
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts
favor
laptops
for
note taking
because
they
can________.
A．write
more
notes
B．digest
concepts
better
C．get
higher
scores
D．understand
lectures
better
2．While
taking
notes，laptop
users
tend
to
be________.
A．skillful
B．mindless
C．thoughtful
D．tireless
3．The
author
of
the
passage
aims
to________.
A．examine
the
importance
of
long term
memory
B．stress
the
benefit
of
taking
notes
by
hand
C．explain
the
process
of
taking
notes
D．promote
the
use
of
laptops
4．The
passage
is
likely
to
appear
in________.
A．a
newspaper
advertisement
B．a
computer
textbook
C．a
science
magazine
D．a
finance
report
答案：
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文揭示实验
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )研究的结果，用笔记本电脑记笔记的人记忆和应用概念的能力较差，而用手记笔记的人在考试中的表现更好。
1．A　解析：细节理解题。根
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据第二段第一句“Students
are
increasingly
using
laptops
for
note taking
because
of
speed
and
legibility(清晰度)”可知，学生越来越多地使用笔记本电脑记笔记是因为它的速度和清晰度，这说明用笔记本电脑记笔记速度快、记得多。故选A。
2．B　解析：推理判断题。根据第
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )二段第二句“But
the
research
has
found
laptop
users
are
less
able
to
remember
and
apply
the
concepts
they
have
been
taught”可知，研究已经发现笔记本电脑的使用者没能记住和应用教给他们的概念。由此可推知，笔记本电脑的使用者在记笔记时是不动脑子的。故选B。
3．B　解析：推理判断题。本文通过实验发现了用笔记本电脑记笔记的不良效果和用手记笔记的优势，两者相比突出了用手记笔记的好处。故选B。
4．C　解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容可知
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，本文揭示实验研究的结果，用笔记本电脑记笔记的人记忆和应用概念的能力较差，而用手记笔记的人在考试中的表现更好。由此可推知，本文应该出现在科学杂志里。故选C。
B
【2016年沈阳市高中三年级教学质量监测（一）】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。B
It
was
a
cold
night
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
in
Washington,
D.C.,
and
I
was
heading
back
to
the
hotel
when
a
man
approached
me.
He
asked
me
for
some
money
so
he
could
get
something
to
eat.
I’d
read
the
signs:
“Don’t
give
money
to
beggars.”
So
I
shook
my
head
and
kept
marching.
I
wasn’t
prepared
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
for
a
reply,
but
he
said,
“I
really
am
homeless
and
I
really
am
hungry!
You
can
come
with
me
and
watch
me
eat!”
But
I
kept
on
marching.
The
incident
bot
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hered
me
for
the
rest
of
the
week.
I
had
money
in
my
pocket
and
it
wouldn’t
have
killed
me
to
hand
over
a
dollar
or
two
even
if
he
had
been
lying.
On
a
freezing
cold
night,
I
still
assumed
the
worst
of
a
fellow
human
being.
Flying
back
to
Anch
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orage,
I
couldn’t
help
thinking
of
him.
I
tried
to
seek
excuses
for
my
failure
to
help
by
assuming
government
agencies,
churches
and
charities
were
there
to
feed
him.
Besides,
you’re
not
supposed
to
give
money
to
beggars.
Somewhere
over
Se
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )attle,
I
started
to
write
my
weekly
garden
column
for
The
Anchorage
Daily
News.
Out
of
the
blue,
I
came
up
with
an
idea.
Bean’s
Cafe,
the
soup
kitchen
in
Anchorage,
feeds
hundreds
of
hungry
Alaskans
every
day.
Why
not
try
to
get
all
my
readers
to
plant
one
row
in
their
gardens
devoted
to
Bean’s
Before
long
my
ide
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a
took
off.
People
would
fax
me
or
call
when
they
took
something
in.
Those
who
only
grew
flowers
donated
them.
Food
for
the
spirit.
And
relief
for
my
conscience.
As
more
and
more
pe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople
started
working
with
the
Plant
a
Row
concept,
many
companies
gave
free
seeds
to
customers
and
displayed
the
logo,
which
also
arose
in
national
gardening
publications.
Row
markers
with
the
Plant
a
Row
logo
were
distributed
to
gardeners
to
set
apart
their
“Row
for
the
Hungry”
.
It
is
unexpe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cted
that
millions
of
Americans
are
threatened
by
hunger.
If
every
gardener
in
America
—
and
we’re
seventy
million
strong
—
plants
one
row
for
the
hungry,
we
can
lower
the
number
of
neighbors
who
don’t
have
enough
to
eat.
Maybe
then
I
will
stop
feeling
guilty
about
abandoning
a
hungry
man
I
could
have
helped.
1.
Why
did
the
author
turn
down
the
beggar’s
request
A.
He
was
previously
reminded
not
to
do
so.
B.
He
was
eager
to
march
back
to
the
hotel.
C.
He
thought
that
it
was
beyond
his
duty.
D.
He
was
short
of
money
at
that
moment.
2.
Which
of
the
f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ollowing
is
the
closest
to
the
underlined
phrase
“took
off”
(Paragraph
6)
A.
We
event
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ually
took
off
at
11
o’clock
and
landed
in
Seattle
safely.
B.
To
take
off
pounds,
you
have
to
cut
down
the
number
of
calories．
C.
On
hearing
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
news,
he
took
off
at
once
and
headed
back
to
the
hotel.
D.
His
business
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
has
really
taken
off
owing
to
his
advanced
management.
3.
What
did
the
author
do
after
the
beggar’s
incident
A.
He
felt
guilty
but
couldn’t
help
him.
B.
He
started
a
project
to
help
the
hungry.
C.
He
ran
a
blue
kitchen
to
supply
the
hungry
with
soup.
D.
He
still
supposed
it
was
unwise
to
give
money
to
beggars.
4.
What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
passage
A.
Plant
a
Row
for
the
Hungry
B.
Lend
a
Hand
to
Beggars
C.
Never
Hesitat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
to
Help
Others
D.
Plan
a
Gardening
Project
参考答案1—4、ADBA
四、七选五
【陕西省西北工业大学附属中学2014第六次模拟】
情景对话（共5小题;
每小题1分，满分5分）
根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两个为多余选项。
Librarian:
Go
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )od
morning,
Northwest
College
Library.
How
can
I
help
you
Man:
6
.
Librarian:
Are
you
a
student
at
Northwest
College
Man:
No,
I’m
not.
7
Librarian:
That’s
right,
it
is.
8
Man:
Yes,
I
am.
Librarian:
That’s
no
problem
then.
Man:
9
Librarian:
Well
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
you’ll
need
to
come
in
to
the
library
and
fill
out
some
forms.
Man:
Okay.
10
.
Thanks.
Bye.
Librarian:
Goodbye.
A.
Do
you
want
to
join
our
library
B.
What
do
I
have
to
do
to
join
C.
I’ll
be
along
later
this
week
to
join
the
library.
D.
Someone
told
me
it
was
possible
to
join,
even
if
I
wasn’t.
E.
I’ve
got
a
current
student
card
from
another
college.
F.
I
was
wondering
if
it
was
possible
to
join
the
library.
G.
Are
you
18
That’s
our
minimum
joining
age.
【参考答案】情景对话：6-10
FDGBC