2017高考英语一轮巩固练习及答案—人教版必修5 Unit 1 Great Scientists

2017高考英语一轮练习及答案—人教版必修5U1
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、单句语法填空
1．(2013·重庆，完形)The
ac
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hievement
of
a
particular
goal
makes
you
feel
good
and
contributes
________
your
confidence.
2．(2014·福建，阅读A)By
now
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
paramedics(救援人员)
had
arrived，and
were
________
(attend)
to
the
injured
woman.
3．(2014·重庆，阅读D)Apart
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________
an
occasional
noise
from
the
elephant's
stomach，the
forest
was
silent.
4．(2015·北京，阅读
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )D)This
phenomenon
is
neither
good
________
bad；it
is
a
fact
of
college
life，today
and
in
the
past.
5．(2015·湖北，完成句子)Man
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
bad
habits
can
be
especially
difficult
________
(cure)
because
they
are
likely
to
form
at
a
very
young
age.
6．(2014·江西，阅读B)Jo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in
in
the
holiday
fun
at
the
Powerhouse
this
month
________
(link)
to
our
new
exhibition.
7．(2015·天津，14)See
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，your
computer
has
broken
down
again！________
doesn't
make
sense
to
buy
the
cheapest
brand
of
computer
just
to
save
a
few
dollars.
8．(2013·江苏，任务型阅读)Consc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ientious
(勤奋的)
people
are
very
strict
________
themselves.
9．(2015·北京，阅读
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )C)Every
time
light
________
(move)
into
a
material
with
a
new
speed，it
bends
and
scatters.
10．(2015·湖南，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )写作)Only
if
we
deal
with
and
overcome
large
numbers
of
difficulties
in
a
correct
way，________
we
achieve
our
dreams.
答案　
1.to　2.attending　3.from　4.nor　5.to
cure
6.linked　7.It　8.with　9.moves　10.will
二、完形填空
完型填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Charlie
came
from
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
poor
village.
His
parents
had
__1__
money
to
send
him
to
school
when
he
was
young.
The
boy
was
very
sad.
Mr.
King
lived
next
to
him.
He
found
the
boy
__2__
and
had
pity
on
him
and
lent
some
money
to
him.
So
the
boy
could
go
to
school.
He
studied
hard
and
__3__
all
his
lessons.
When
he
finished
middle
school,
the
man
introduced
him
to
his
friend
in
the
town.
And
he
began
to
work.
Once
Mr.
King
was
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eriously
hurt
in
an
accident.
Dying,
he
asked
Charlie
to
take
care
of
his
daughter,
Sharon.
The
young
man
__4__
and
several
years
later
he
married
the
girl.
He
loved
her
very
much
and
tried
his
best
to
make
her
happy.
He
often
bought
beautiful
clothes
and
delicious
food
for
her.
He
was
good
at
cooking
and
he
cooked
__5__
for
her.
So
she
became
very
fat
and
she
felt
it
difficult
to
walk.
And
one
day
she
found
there
was
something
wrong
with
her
heart.
Her
husband
wasn’t
at
home
and
she
had
to
go
to
__6__
at
once.
The
doctors
looked
her
over
and
told
her
__7__
eat
meat,
sugar,
chocolate
and
things
like
these.
She
was
afraid
__8__
the
doctor’s
words
and
wrote
all
the
names
of
the
food
on
the
paper.
When
she
got
home,
she
put
the
list
on
the
table
and
__9__.
When
she
returned
home
that
afternoon,
she
found
many
kinds
of
food:
meat,
sugar
and
chocolate
in
the
kitchen.
Charlie
was
busy
__10__
there.
As
soon
as
he
saw
her,
he
said
happily,
“I’ve
bought
all
the
food
you
like,
dear!”
名师点评
本文讲述了查理为报答金先生生前对自
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )己的大恩大德，在娶了金先生女儿为妻之后精心照料她，却导致妻子营养过剩而患病去医院检查。医生列出她不能吃的食物，深爱妻子的查理不明情况，反而照单为妻子买了上面的各种食物。
(A)1.
A.
no
B.
some
C.
much
D.
enough
【解析】A。查理家境贫困，父母没有钱资助他上学，故选no。
(B)2.
A.
lazy
B.
clever
C.
careful
D.
hard
【解析】B。根据下文，查理不负众望，说明他聪明好学，故选clever。
(A)3.
A.
did
well
in
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
was
poor
at
C.
was
working
D.
was
good
for
【解析】A。查理学习刻苦，并顺利完成
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了学业，说明他各门功课成绩较好，故选did
well
in。D选项介词用错，正确词组为was
good
at。
(C)4.
A.
was
angry
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
thought
hard
C.
agreed
D.
said
“No.”
【解析】C。根据下文查理娶了金先生女儿为妻并精心呵护她，说明查理同意了金先生的请求，故选agreed。
(D)5.
A.
a
little
B.
a
few
C.
many
D.
a
lot
【解析】D。根据下文妻子胖得不能走路，说明她食物吃得多。此外食物为不可数名词，因此只能用a
lot
of来修饰。
(C)6.
A.
rest
B.
sleep
C.
hospital
D.
work
【解析】C。心脏不好，应去医院检查，下文指出为她检查的正是医生，故选hospital。
(D)7.
A.
should
B.
would
C.
to
D.
not
to
【解析】D。由于她的病是因营养过剩引起的，医生应让她不要吃肉，糖果之类的食物，故选not
to。
(B)8.
A.
to
remember
B.
to
forget
C.
to
catch
D.
to
teach
【解析】B。她害怕忘了医生的指示，因此将其写在纸上，故选to
forget。
(B)9.
A.
slept
B.
went
out
C.
cooked
D.
ate
【解析】B。与下文相对应，这里应填went
out。
(C)10.
A.
reading
B.
seeing
C.
cooking
D.
writing
【解析】C。擅长烹饪的查理将菜买回之后，肯定要忙着为爱妻做饭，故cooking为正确答案。
三、阅读理解
A段
【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文,
从给的四个选项
(A、B、C和D)
中,
选出最佳选项。
Samuel
Osmond
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
a
19 year old
law
student
from
Cornwall，England.He
never
studied
the
piano.However，he
can
play
very
difficult
musical
pieces
by
musicians
such
as
Chopin
and
Beethoven
just
a
few
minutes
after
he
hears
them.He
learns
a
piece
of
music
by
listening
to
it
in
parts.Then
he
thinks
about
the
notes
in
his
head.Two
years
ago，he
played
his
first
piece
Moonlight
Sonata
(奏鸣曲)by
Beethoven.He
surprised
everyone
around
him.
Amazed
that
he
reme
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mbered
this
long
and
difficult
piece
of
music
and
played
it
perfectly，his
teachers
say
Samuel
is
unbelievable.They
say
his
ability
is
very
rare，but
Samuel
doesn't
even
realize
that
what
he
can
do
is
special.Samuel
wanted
to
become
a
lawyer
as
it
was
the
wish
of
his
parents，but
music
teachers
told
him
he
should
study
music
instead.Now，he
studies
law
and
music.
Samuel
can't
understa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd
why
everyone
is
so
surprised.“I
grew
up
with
music.My
mother
played
the
piano
and
my
father
played
the
guitar.About
two
years
ago，I
suddenly
decided
to
start
playing
the
piano，without
being
able
to
read
music
and
without
having
any
lessons.It
comes
easily
to
me—I
hear
the
notes
and
can
bear
them
in
mind—each
and
every
note，”says
Samuel.
Recently，Samue
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
performed
a
piece
during
a
special
event
at
his
college.The
piece
had
more
than
a
thousand
notes.The
audience
was
impressed
by
his
amazing
performance.He
is
now
learning
a
piece
that
is
so
difficult
that
many
professional
pianists
can't
play
it.Samuel
says
confidently，“It's
all
about
super
memory—I
guess
I
have
that
gift.”
However，Samuel's
ab
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ility
to
remember
things
doesn't
stop
with
music.His
family
says
that
even
when
he
was
a
young
boy，Samuel
heard
someone
read
a
story，and
then
he
could
retell
the
story
word
for
word.
Samuel
is
still
onl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
a
teenager.He
doesn't
know
what
he
wants
to
do
in
the
future.For
now，he
is
just
happy
to
play
beautiful
music
and
continue
his
studies.
1．What
is
special
about
Samuel
Osmond
A．He
has
a
gift
for
writing
music.
B．He
can
write
down
the
note
he
hears.
C．He
is
a
top
student
at
the
law
school.
D．He
can
play
the
musical
piece
he
hears.
2．What
can
we
learn
from
Paragraph
2
A．Samuel
chose
law
against
the
wish
of
his
parents.
B．Samuel
planned
to
be
a
lawyer
rather
than
a
musician.
C．Samuel
thinks
of
himself
as
a
man
of
great
musical
ability.
D．Samuel
studies
law
and
music
on
the
advice
of
his
teachers.
3．Everyone
around
Samuel
was
surprised
because
he________.
A．received
a
good
early
education
in
music
B．played
the
guitar
and
the
piano
perfectly
C．could
play
the
piano
without
reading
music
D．could
play
the
guitar
better
than
his
father
4．What
can
we
infer
about
Samuel
in
Paragraph
4
A．He
became
famous
during
a
special
event
at
his
college.
B．He
is
proud
of
his
ability
to
remember
things
accurately.
C．He
plays
the
piano
better
than
many
professional
pianists.
D．He
impressed
the
audience
by
playing
all
the
musical
pieces.
5．Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
of
this
passage
A．The
Qualities
of
a
Musician
B．The
Story
of
a
Musical
Talent
C．The
Importance
of
Early
Education
D．The
Relationship
between
Memory
and
Music
答案：
【语篇解读】　本篇为写人的记叙文。19岁
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的法律系学生Samuel
Osmond是一个音乐天才。以前他从没有学过音乐，但是他可以弹钢琴，并且经常弹奏名家名曲，人们对此很吃惊。是什么造就了这一传奇？赶快来阅读一下吧。
1．D　解析：细节理解题。由第一段中Howe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ver，he
can
play
very
difficult
musical
pieces
by
musicians
such
as
Chopin
and
Beethoven
just
a
few
minutes
after
he
hears
them.可以知道，他的特别之处在于他听了曲子之后就能演奏出来，故选D项。文章没有说他有创作音乐的天赋，也没有说他能写下他听到的音符(只是说“记住”)，更没有提到他是法学院的优等生，因此可以排除其他选项。
2．B　解析：细节理解题。由Samu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )el
wanted
to
become
a
lawyer
as
it
was
the
wish
of
his
parents...可以知道，他想成为一名律师(也是他父母的愿望)，而不是一名音乐家，故选B项，可排除A项；由．..but
music
teachers
told
him
he
should
study
music
instead.可以知道，音乐老师想让他放弃法律专业，学习音乐，因此排除D项；由．..but
Samuel
doesn't
even
realize
that
what
he
can
do
is
special.可以知道，他并不认为自己是音乐天才，因此排除C项。
3．C　解析：细节理解题。由第三段中．
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )..without
being
able
to
read
music
and
without
having
any
lessons.可以知道，他看不懂乐谱，没有上过音乐课，却能够弹钢琴，这让人们很惊讶。
4．B　解析：推理判断题。由第四段中Sa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )muel
says
confidently，“It's
all
about
super
memory－I
guess
I
have
that
gift.”可以知道，他对自己非凡的记忆力感到骄傲，故选B项。文章说到人们对他的记忆力留下深刻印象，但是不能说他一举成名，因此排除A项。
5．B　解析：主旨大意题。全文讲述
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了一个只靠记忆就能演奏非常复杂的名曲的音乐天才。C项有一定的干扰性，Samuel早年受过音乐的熏陶，但是文章的重点不是讲述早期教育的重要性，因此可以排除。
B段
2016高考训练--阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
My
father
passed
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )way
in
a
nursing
home
on
a
September
day.
I
never
remembered
him
telling
me
he
loved
me.
Upon
hearing
his
death,
I
didn’t
feel
the
need
to
cry.
I
struggled
with
my
lack
of
strong
feelings
over
his
passing,
knowing
it
was
not
healthy
for
me
to
avoid
sadness.
On
Christmas
Day
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
year,
I
was
reflecting
on
as
many
good
memories
of
my
father
as
I
could.
I
decided
to
work
out
my
feelings,
so
I
sat
down
and
wrote
my
father
a
letter.
Dear
Daddy,
I
remember
som
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ething
today.
I
remember
when
I
was
3
years
old,
mom
carried
me
right
before
bedtime
and
you
sang
“Now
I
Lay
Me
Down
To
Sleep”
to
me,
and
I
remember
your
voice
like
it
was
just
yesterday.
I
remember
the
warmth
of
you
lying
next
to
me
and
how
special
I
felt
at
that
moment.
Then
my
mom
carried
me
off
to
my
own
bed
to
tuck
me
in.
I
remember
ti
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mes
when
I
could
sit
out
on
the
porch
with
you
and
watch
an
approaching
thunderstorm,
and
you
would
tell
me
the
scientific
facts
behind
lightning
and
thunder.
I
thought
you
knew
everything.
I
remember
you
taking
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
my
two
brothers
and
me
on
trips
to
a
stream
out
in
the
country
on
summer
days.
We
would
walk
along
the
stream,
picking
wildflowers
to
take
home
to
mother.
I
want
to
thank
you
fo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
giving
me
an
appreciation
of
nature
and
science
and
of
God’s
beautiful
creation,
Earth.
I
want
to
thank
you
for
making
us
take
part
in
“family
worship”
every
evening
after
dinner.
I
remember
that
Bible
stories
and
the
Golden
Rule
on
how
to
treat
others,
and
I
learnt
how
to
appreciate
music
in
my
life
from
the
hymns
we
sang.
I
also
learnt
to
harmonize
with
my
sisters.
And
most
of
all,
I
wan
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
to
forgive
you.
I
forgive
you
for
not
being
able
to
tell
me
that
I
was
a
special
girl
and
that
you
loved
me.
I
longed
for
your
spoken
affection.
But
I
realize
something
in
your
own
upbringing
would
not
allow
you
to
express
your
feelings
verbally（口头地）.
I
realize
that
you
did
the
best
that
you
could
with
what
you
knew.
I
signed
the
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )etter
and
put
it
into
my
wooden
box
to
join
many
other
cards
and
letters
from
my
family
and
loved
ones
that
I
cherished.
But
somehow,
it
had
not
brought
any
relief
I
desired.
On
New
Year’s
Ev
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e,
I
remember
the
letter
to
my
father.
I
took
it
outside
to
the
yard.
Then
I
built
a
fire
and
dropped
it
into
the
flame
and
watched
it
burn.
As
I
thanked
my
fathe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
for
giving
me
life,
the
tears
came.
I
released
all
the
grief
and
whispered,
“you
were
my
father…
and
I
love
you.”
1.
Why
did
the
writ
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
struggle
with
the
feelings
upon
hearing
her
father’s
death
A.
Because
she
couldn’t
accept
her
father’s
death.
B.
Because
she
wanted
to
hold
back
her
sadness.
C.
Because
she
knew
she
should
have
felt
sad.
D.
Because
she
had
a
mixed
feeling
of
love
and
hatred.
2、The
writer
spen
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
much
happy
time
doing
memorable
things
with
father
EXCEPT
that
___.
A.
father
sang
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ongs
for
her
before
bedtime
B.
father
taught
her
nature,
science,
and
history
C.
father
took
her
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on
trips
in
nature
D.
father
read
Bible
stories
for
her
3.
It
can
be
inferred
from
the
text
that
______.
A.
the
writer
bur
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ned
the
letter
directly
after
finishing
writing
it
B.
father’s
growth
influenced
his
way
of
expressing
himself
C.
the
writer
never
expected
father
to
express
his
true
feelings
D.
the
writer
didn’t
forgive
her
father
completely
after
his
death
4．Which
can
be
chosen
as
the
best
title
for
the
story
A.
Daddy,
I
miss
you.
B.
A
regretful
letter
to
father
C.
Happy
time
with
daddy
D.
The
flames
of
forgiveness
参考答案1—4、CBBD
四、七选五
(2015·东北三省四市二模)
You
often
find
som
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ebody
who
works
around
you
complaining(抱怨)
all
the
time,
don't
you
___1__
About
70%
of
Americans
say
being
around
nonstop
complainers
sometimes
has
a
bad
influence
on
them.
Luckily,
here
are
4
tips
to
help
form
positive
patterns.
1．Self awareness
When
a
negative(消极的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))
thought
pops
into
your
mind,
immediately
correct
it.
Instead
of
telling
yourself
“That's
a
nice
shirt,
but
I
can't
afford
it，”
change
the
message
to
“That
will
look
great
with
my
black
pants
when
I
can
afford
it.”
___2__
Of
course
ev
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eryone
complains
sometimes.
But
the
less
frequently
you
complain,
the
better
you
will
feel.
2．Distance
yourself
___3__
Excuse
you
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rself
and
go
somewhere
quiet,
somewhere
outdoors
in
the
fresh
air.
Think
of
something
pleasant
before
returning.
You
have
to
take
this
seriously
because
negative
people
can
and
will
pull
you
into
the
quicksand.
3．Don't
try
to
change
complainers
If
you
find
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yourself
trapped
in
a
group
of
complainers
in
a
meeting
or
at
a
social
event,
simply
choose
silence.
Let
their
words
bounce
off
you
while
you
think
of
something
else.
Attempting
to
stop
the
complaining
can
make
you
a
target.
___4__
If
someone
says,
“I
hate
Mondays;
weekends
are
too
short，”
try
to
think,
“I'm
glad
I
rested
up
over
the
weekend,
so
I'm
ready
to
make
some
improvement
on
that
big
project.”
4.___5__
When
someone
is
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )houting
at
you
angrily,
throw
the
responsibility
back
at
them
by
asking,
“So
what
do
you
intend
to
do
about
it？”
In
most
cases,
complainers
don't
really
want
a
solution(解决方法).
They
just
want
to
speak
them
out.
If
you
make
them
aware
that
they
themselves
have
to
find
the
solutions,
they
will
leave
you
alone
and
find
someone
else
to
complain
to.
If
so,
you
will
be
happy.
A．Find
solutions
B．Change
responsibility
C．You
have
got
a
lot
of
company.
D．By
doing
this,
it
will
lead
to
positive
behaviors.
E．But
you
can
redirect
the
discussion
in
your
own
mind.
F．Whenever
possible,
escape
from
negative
conversations.
G．You
will
never
know
what
they
are
going
to
talk
about.
文章大意：本文为说明文。主要介绍了如何应对爱抱怨的人。
1．C　由前一句“You
oft
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en
find
somebody
who
works
around
you
complaining
all
the
time”和后一句“About
70%
of
Americans
say...”可知答案选C。
2．D　根据上文change
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
message
to
“That
will
look
great
with
my
black
pants
when
I
can
afford
it”可知，这种想法会帮助我们建立积极的态度。故答案选D。
3．F　从标题句Dista
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce
yourself和本段最后“because
negative
people
can
and
will
pull
you
into
the
quicksand”，可知要远离消极的人，故选F。
4．E　根据本段最后一句的举例
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“
I'm
glad
I
rested
up
over
the
weekend,
so
I'm
ready
to...”可知要从不同的角度思考。故答案选E。
5．B　根据段落内容和关键句“throw
the
responsibility
back
at
them
by”可知答案选B。