Unit 12 Innovation 单元仿真验收性评价（含解析）高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修 第四册

　UNIT 12　单元仿真验收性评价
(时间：100分钟　满分：120分)
第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Last Friday, Britain's Prince William announced the winners of this year's Earthshot Prize. The prize is meant to encourage new ideas and rapid action to help protect the planet. Below are parts of this year's prize winning projects in each category.
Protect and Restore Nature
Kheyti won the prize for protecting and restoring nature with its “Greenhouse in a box” idea. Kheyti is already working with 1, 000 farmers across India, which is one of the most climate affected countries in the world. The company says the greenhouses allow farmers to use 90% less water and produce seven times as much food. Kheyti hopes to get its greenhouses to 50,000 farmers by 2027.
Clean Our Air
Charlot Magayi won the prize for cleaning the air. Ms Magayi developed a stove (炉子) that uses a fuel that's cheaper and pollutes far less than charcoal stoves. Currently, over 200,000 of her Clean Stoves are being used in Kenya.
Build a Waste Free World
A London based company called Notpla (for “Not Plastic”) won the prize for building a waste free world. They've created a plastic substitute (替代品) from plants found in the ocean. Unlike most plastic, their products break down naturally with no microplastics. Notpla believes their products can help end the plastic pollution that's filling landfills and polluting oceans.
Fix Our Climate
The Earthshot Prize for working toward fixing our climate went to a company called 44.01 from Oman. 44.01 has come up with a way to turn polluting carbon dioxide (CO2) into a rock called peridotite. Once the CO2 has been turned into rock, it can no longer be released into the atmosphere again. The method that 44.01 uses is fast, cheap and permanent.
1．What is the aim of the Earthshot Prize
A．To offer practical advice on global warming.
B．To find solutions to the environmental problems.
C．To develop a strategic partnership with all parties.
D．To encourage literary creations of the British people.
2．Where are Kheyti's greenhouses widely used
A．In India.　　　　　　 B．In Kenya.
C．In the UK. 　 D．In Oman.
3．What do Charlot Magayi and 44.01 have in common
A．They want to build a waste free world.
B．Their projects are directly good for farmers.
C．Their achievements benefit the air cleaning.
D．They use plants from the ocean in their products.
B
Marie Curie is remembered today for her pioneering work on radioactivity, which not only earned her two Nobel Prizes but also the recognition as the “mother of modern physics”. But while her research into the radioactive elements polonium and radium may have secured her a lasting scientific legacy, those same substances have also had a lasting effect on her body.
Then, in 1911, after much personal tragedy (Pierre Curie had died suddenly in 1906), Curie was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for isolating pure radium. She would go on to devote her research to the study of the chemistry of radioactive substances as well as their applications in medicine. In fact, if it were not for Curie's work, our treatments for cancer would likely not be anywhere near as developed as they are today. But despite advocating precautions (预防), Curie's consistent and prolonged exposure to these substances came at a cost.
Marie Curie died on July 4, 1934, from aplastic anemia (再生障碍性贫血) caused by her work with radiation. Despite its name, aplastic anemia is more than just anemia; it is a rare blood condition that appears when bone marrow cannot make enough new blood cells for your body to function properly. When Curie died, her body was so radioactive that she had to be laid to rest in a lead lined (铅封的) coffin. However, no one knew this until 1995 when her coffin was unearthed.
At the time, the French authorities wanted to move the Curies to the national cemetery, the Pantheon, in honor of their contributions to science and for being great figures in French history. The officials responsible for the exhumation (掘尸) contacted the French radiation protection agency with concerns about remaining radiation and asked for assistance to protect workers in the cemetery.
When the exhumers approached the grave, they detected normal levels of radiation on the air, which then rose as the grave was opened (though not by large amounts). At first, Marie Curie's coffin appeared to be made of wood, but when opened, they found it was lined with 2.5 millimeters (0.09 inches) of lead. Later examination of Curie's body revealed that she had remained remarkably well preserved and only small levels of alpha and beta contamination were detected. This, according to The Journal of British Society for the History of Radiology, was likely because Curie had taken steps to limit exposure to radiation in later life.
4．We can infer from the text that Marie Curie ________.
A．invested amounts of money in her research
B．was awarded the Nobel Prize for radium precaution
C．is credited with the development of cancer treatment
D．abandoned her research after her husband's sudden death
5．What can we know about the exhumation officials
A．They overestimated the actual radiation level.
B．They were not licensed for the exhumation work.
C．They had no regard for the safety of their workers.
D．They were previously informed of the lead lined coffin.
6．Why only small levels of radiation was detected from Curie's body
A．Her body remained remarkably well preserved.
B．Curie was less exposed to radiation in later life.
C．The exhumers lacked adequate assistance technically.
D．The lead lined coffin protect her body from radiation.
7．Which words can best describe Marie Curie based on the text
A．Remarkable but careless.
B．Successful but aggressive.
C．Ambitious and considerate.
D．Committed and persistent.
C
New Scientist magazine's chief reporter Adam recently published “Net zero living: how your day will look in a carbon neutral (碳中和) world”. Here, he imagines what a typical day would be like in the future — through the eyes of Isla, a child in 2050.
Isla lives in the south of the United Kingdom and her life looks pretty much like life does today: She has a house, a car, a job, and a cup of tea in the morning. There are great forests, and giant machines sucking carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. It all sounds like a green and pleasant land, but it didn't sound like the future to me.
It's an interesting exercise, imagining what it will be like in about 30 years. I thought I would give it a try: here is some speculative fiction about Edie, living in Toronto, Canada in 2050.
Edie lives in the garage in an old house that is her apartment and workshop. She considers herself to be very lucky to have this garage in what was her grandparents' house. The only people who live in houses these days either get the houses from their parents or are multi millionaires from all over the world, desperate to move to Canada with its cooler climate and plentiful water and are able to afford the million dollar immigrant visa fee.
Edie is lucky to be working. There are no office or industrial jobs anymore: Artificial Intelligence and robots took care of that. The few jobs left are in service, culture, craft, health care, or real estate (房地产). In fact, selling real estate has become the nation's biggest industry.
There may be lots of electricity from wind and solar farms, but even running tiny heat pumps for cooling is really expensive at peak times. The streets are unpleasantly hot, so many people sleep through the midday.
Now Edie is checking the balance in her Personal Carbon Allowance (PCA) account to see if she has enough to buy another imported battery for her e bike. If she doesn't have enough then, she will have to buy carbon credits, and they are expensive. She sets her alarm for 6：00 p．m. when the streets of Toronto will come alive again on this hot November day.
8．What does the author think of Isla's life
A．Desirable.　　　　　　　 B．Unappealing.
C．Unachievable. 　 D．Exciting.
9．What will Toronto be like in 2050
A．Many people will immigrate abroad.
B．Its climate will get colder and colder.
C．Electricity will be very cheap to use.
D．The house prices will be extremely high.
10．What might be Edie's large concern
A．The house problem.
B．Being out of work.
C．The balance of her bank account.
D．The energy consumption.
11．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To point out Adam's unreasonable thinking.
B．To compare the present life and the future life.
C．To imagine the life after reducing carbon emissions.
D．To raise people's awareness of environmental protection.
D
When adult humans meet a baby, many can't help speaking in a higher pitched (更高音的) and sing songy voice. This shift, known as parentese, is not unique to humans. It has also been observed in animals like monkeys and gorillas. Now, scientists are adding one more species to that list: bottle nose dolphins.
Dolphins are intelligent animals that live and hunt in groups. They communicate in a unique way: Every individual produces its own signature sound that acts much like an ID card, usually by its first birthday. But how does each come up with its distinctive whistle For babies, it might have something to do with listening to Mum. To solve this_mystery,_researchers examined the sounds mother dolphins make.
Scientists studied 34 years' worth of recordings of sounds made by 19 female bottle nose dolphins. When the mother dolphins were near their young, they continued to make their signature sounds, but at a higher frequency. They also used a wider range of frequencies than they did when their babies were not nearby.
This discovery suggests that using these modifications, mother dolphins assist their young in learning how to produce these calls themselves. Since baby dolphins often spend some years with their mothers before living on their own, it makes sense that this adaptation would help them learn to communicate. At the very least, the higher pitched whistle likely gets the babies' attention. “It's important for a baby to know, ‘Oh, Mum's talking to me now，’ ” says marine biologist Janet Mann.
This kind of research could help us understand how language developed in humans. “It is absolutely essential to have basic knowledge about other species and how they communicate，” says Mann. “I would be really interested to see whether dolphins also change their sounds when interacting with babies of others, which is what happens in humans.”
12．What does the underlined part “this mystery” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．How dolphins develop their unique sounds.
B．Why dolphins live and play in groups.
C．What aspects of intelligence dolphins possess.
D．Whether dolphins can use parentese like humans.
13．How did the researchers carry out their study of dolphins
A．By recording parent child interaction frequency.
B．By analyzing mother dolphins' sound features.
C．By measuring the distance between parents and children.
D．By examining the speech organs of mother dolphins.
14．What is a suggested reason why dolphin mothers use parentese with their young
A．To express worry and care.
B．To teach them hunting skills.
C．To help them learn to talk.
D．To distract their attention.
15．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Some new findings about dolphin communication
B．The value of studying dolphins' language
C．A comparison of the parentese of humans and dolphins
D．An introduction to the development of dolphin intelligence
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rise of the Robots
The word “robot” was created in 1920 by the Czech playwright Karel Capek, who imagined artificial, fully functional servants.For most of their history, however, robots have been silent, inelegant devices sitting out of sight in factories.
Things are starting to change, however.Robots have benefited from rapid innovations in smartphones, which brought cameras, sensors and wireless communications. __16__ Robots are leaving industrial settings for everyday life and, will work in supermarkets, social care and much more.
__17__ Many industries are facing a shortage of labour nowadays when emergencies appear now and then.Robots are now indispensable, picking items off shelves and helping people pack a rising numbers of boxes.They are even beginning to deliver goods or food right to people's doors. __18__
And yet many people fear that robots will destroy jobs. __19__ The evidence suggests robots will be disruptive (扰乱性的) but ultimately beneficial for labour markets.A Yale University study that looked at Japanese manufacturing between 1978 and 2017 found that an increase of one robot unit per 1,000 workers boosted a company's employment by 2.2%.
For all that, the march of the robots will bring big changes to workplaces. __20__ The potential gains from the robot revolution are huge.In Capek's play，the robots went against their human masters and cause mass unemployment and worse.The beginnings of the world's real robots have not matched Capek's satire (讽刺). There is no reason to think that their future needs to either.
A．They could not be coming at a better time.
B．But that need not be the disaster many fear.
C．The use of advanced technologies lead to increases in hiring.
D．In fact, concerns about mass unemployment are overblown.
E．Having more robots to boost productivity would be a good thing.
F．Firms should recognize the value of retraining and lifelong learning.
G．Recent advances in machine learning have equipped them to make wiser decisions.
第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic musician.He once said that if he hadn't been a scientist, he would have been a __21__.“Life without playing music is unthinkable for me，” he said.“I get most __22__ in life out of music.”
Einstein's mother was a talented pianist who __23__ music to life in the family home.Einstein began to learn the __24__ at the age of six, however, he worked hard until he __25__ the joys of Mozart's sonatas (奏鸣曲) at the age of 13.From that __26__ on, although he had no further lessons, his violin __27___ his companion.
When Einstein moved to Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 to complete his schooling, he seemed to have __28__ much of his time to music.Just before his 17th birthday, Einstein played at the music __29__ in the school. The examiner reported that “a student called Einstein shone in the __30__ felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas”．In addition to his great __31__ in playing the violin, he also played the piano and, __32__， loved to improvise (即兴创作)．
In late life, Einstein's reputation (声誉) as a physicist often led to __33__ to perform at benefit concerts, which he generally accepted happily.Probably the __34__ of the violinist Einstein that comes nearest to the mark comes from his friend Janos Plesch, who wrote: “There are many musicians with much __35__ skills, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.”
21．A.physician　　　　　　　　 B．musician
C．politician 　 D．reporter
22．A.joy 　 B．money
C．ideas 　 D．energy
23．A.played 　 B．sent
C．created 　 D．brought
24．A.violin 　 B．piano
C．knowledge 　 D．game
25．A.loved 　 B．tracked
C．discovered 　 D．confirmed
26．A.location 　 B．space
C．access 　 D．point
27．A.turned 　 B．remained
C．appeared 　 D．seemed
28．A.devoted 　 B．spent
C．lost 　 D．wasted
29．A.performance 　 B．presentation
C．exhibition 　 D．examination
30．A.hardly 　 B．deeply
C．carelessly 　 D．honestly
31．A.skill 　 B．patience
C．care 　 D．courage
32．A.after all 　 B．in particular
C．at large 　 D．by accident
33．A.contributions 　 B．applications
C．invitations 　 D．prizes
34．A.reaction 　 B．destination
C．summary 　 D．instruction
35．A.broader 　 B．funnier
C．wilder 　 D．better
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On February 10, 2024 ambitious young scientists flooded Brown University's classrooms and laboratories, ready to put their knowledge to the test at the 7th Annual Brown Science Olympiad tournament, which provided a __36__ (true) enriching and enjoyable experience for all involved.
The STEM competition welcomes nearly 1,000 high schoolers from across New England. __37__ (feature) a lineup of 23 diverse challenges, the single day academic tournament integrates written assessments with hands on design and build tasks. Each challenge __38__ (score) individually, with points awarded based on performance, accuracy and completion of tasks. Teams win by accumulating (累积) the highest total score across all 23 challenges in the tournament.
Contestants get __39__ (them) involved in various scientific disciplines, from fundamental subjects like biology, chemistry and physics to __40__ (specialize) areas such as astronomy and robotics. Throughout the event, students engage __41__ a series of activities in a day filled with curiosity and creativity, exploring the __42__ (wonder) of science and pushing the boundaries of their intellectual capabilities.
But the Brown tournament isn't just about becoming a strong competitor. It also offers a platform for young scientists __43__ (wander) Brown's campus. “With the tournament, you can get an insight into college life and __44__ great understanding of the whole college experience，” Golditch a contestant, said. “Participating in the Science Olympiad has been the most valuable experience __45__ allows us to explore fun science concepts，” added Golditch.
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
你校近期将举办一场以科学精神(scientific spirit)为主题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇参赛发言稿；
注意：1.题目自拟，内容需要适当的例子支持；
2．写作词数应为80左右。
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第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Freddie Forbes stared in awe (敬畏) at the platform in the packed school hall. The headmaster marched onto the stage, followed by the captains of the school soccer team and rugby side. Freddie watched enviously as each was presented with an honors jacket for their contribution to the school's sporting success over the previous year. When the next presentation of honors jacket would come around, Freddie knew there was little hope that he would be the receiver of one of these treasured items of clothing.
“I wish you all a happy summer holiday，” the headmaster announced. “Although most of you will be going away to sunnier parts, there are others who will be staying near their home. The local council has asked the school to undertake a project over the next six weeks to help clear up litter around the area and separate it for recycling. If anyone is interested, come to my office and you will be supplied with a litter picker, bags and heavy duty gloves.”
Freddie knew he would be at a loose end over the holiday, so he went to the office along with four other boys to pick up the equipment needed to gather up the rubbish which littered the streets around the school. When he arrived home, his mother looked at him curiously as he placed the equipment on the kitchen table.
“What is this all about？” she asked with a smile on her face. “Mum, I'm an average pupil and I'm not very good at sports，” he replied. “This waste recycling is one way I can contribute to the good name of the school.”
“Just as long as you don't get fed up and stop halfway through，” said Mum.
“I have made up my mind to stick this out through thick and thin，” Freddie said confidently.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Over the next few weeks, the other boys dropped out of the project. 　
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Hearing his name called by the headmaster, Freddie nervously made his way to the platform. 　
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UNIT 12　单元仿真验收性评价
第一部分
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了今年“为地球奋斗奖”的获奖内容。
1．选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The prize is meant to encourage new ideas and rapid action to help protect the planet.”以及下文的各个小标题可知，“为地球奋斗奖”的目的是找到解决环境问题的方法。
2．选A　细节理解题。根据Protect and Restore Nature部分中的“Kheyti is already working with 1,000 farmers across India, which is one of the most climate affected countries in the world.”可知，Kheyti的温室项目在印度各地都有进行。
3．选C　细节理解题。根据Clean Our Air和Fix Our Climate部分中的介绍可知，Charlot Magayi和44.01的共同之处是他们的成就都有利于空气净化，因此而得奖。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了放射性元素也对玛丽·居里夫人的身体造成了持久影响。
4．选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In fact, if it were not for Curie's work, our treatments for cancer would likely not be anywhere near as developed as they are today.”可推测出，居里夫人的工作对如今癌症治疗的发展是功不可没的。
5．选A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句和最后一段中的“When the exhumers approached the grave, they detected normal levels of radiation on the air, which then rose as the grave was opened (though not by large amounts)．”可知，负责挖掘的官员对实际的辐射水平高估了。
6．选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This, according to ...because Curie had taken steps to limit exposure to radiation in later life.”可知，居里夫人晚年时采取措施限制接触辐射，所以尸体辐射水平低。
7．选D　推理判断题。根据第二段的介绍可知，玛丽·居里经历了丈夫的去世后获得诺贝尔奖，但她没有停滞不前，而是继续致力于研究；由于长期持续接触辐射，她的身体受到了影响。由此可推测出，玛丽·居里是一位非常坚定且执着的科学家。
[C]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者由一名杂志记者发表的关于未来生活的文章引出话题并展开了自己对未来2050年碳排放减少后某一天的生活的畅想。
8．选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中“It all sounds like a green and pleasant land, but it didn't sound like the future to me.”可推知，作者认为 Adam 在文中所描绘的 Isla的生活并不吸引他。
9．选D　推理判断题。根据第五段中“In fact, selling real estate has become the nation's biggest industry.”可推断，2050年多伦多市的房价会很高。
10．选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Now Edie is checking the balance in her Personal Carbon Allowance (PCA) account to see if she has enough to buy another imported battery for her e bike. If she doesn't have enough then, she will have to buy carbon credits, and they are expensive.”可知，Edie会担忧自己的碳排放额度是否会超标，也就是能量消费问题。
11．选C　写作意图题。根据首段并通读文章可推知，作者的写作目的是想象未来碳排放减少后的生活。
[D]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海豚妈妈通过教授幼崽使用独特的声音来教会幼崽说话的研究结果。
12．选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知，海豚发出独特的声音与听到海豚妈妈的声音有关，所以为了解“海豚如何发出独特的声音”这个谜团，研究人员检查了海豚妈妈发出的声音。故画线部分指的是“海豚如何发出独特的声音”。
13．选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Scientists studied 34 years' worth of recordings of sounds made by 19 female bottle nose dolphins.”可知，研究人员通过分析母海豚的声音特征对海豚进行研究。
14．选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“This discovery suggests that using these modifications, mother dolphins assist their young in learning how to produce these calls themselves.”可知，海豚妈妈对幼崽使用婴儿语的原因是帮助它们学会说话。
15．选A　标题归纳题。根据第一段并通读全文可知，文章主要说明了海豚妈妈通过教授幼崽使用独特的声音来教会幼崽说话，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。故A项“关于海豚交流的一些新发现”适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“机器人”这个词的来源以及后来“机器人”的崛起。
16．选G　空处上一句介绍科技创新带给机器人的进步和发展，而G项“机器学习的最新进展使它们能够做出更明智的决定”则是这种发展的结果，“Recent advances”与上一句中的“rapid innovations”呼应。
17．选A　根据空后的“Many industries are facing a shortage of labour nowadays”可知，A项“它们来得正是时候”衔接下文，符合语境。
18．选E　根据空前两句可知，机器人的广泛应用可以提高效率，故E项“拥有更多的机器人来提高生产率将是一件好事”承接上文，符合语境。
19．选D　空前一句提到很多人担心机器人将摧毁岗位，空后两句则表明机器人实际对就业有促进作用，故D项“事实上，对大规模失业的担忧被夸大了”承上启下，符合语境。
20．选B　空处上句指出机器人的进步将为工作场所带来巨大变化，下句则说到机器人变革的潜在收益是巨大的。故B项“但机器人的发展不会成为许多人担心的灾难”承上启下，符合语境。
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了科学家爱因斯坦对音乐的热爱及其高超的音乐技巧。
21．选B　根据上文“Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic musician.”可知，此处指他也许会成为一名音乐家。
22．选A　根据上文“Life without playing music is unthinkable for me”可推断，音乐是他生活中最大的乐趣(joy)来源。
23．选D　根据上文“Einstein's mother was a talented pianist”可知，爱因斯坦的母亲把音乐带到(bring)了家庭生活中。
24．选A　根据下文“although he had no further lessons, his violin ________ his companion”可知，此处指学习拉小提琴。
25．选C　根据前文“I get most ________ in life out of music.”可知，此处指他发现(discover)了莫扎特奏鸣曲的乐趣。
26．选D　根据上文“until he ________ the joys of Mozart's sonatas at the age of 13”可知，从那时起，小提琴一直(remain)陪伴着他。from that point on意为“从那时起”。
27．选B　参见上题解析。
28．选A　根据下文“much of his time to music”可知，此处表示他投入大量的时间在音乐上。devote ... to ...意为“致力于……”。
29．选D　根据下文“The examiner”可知，此处指在音乐考试中演奏。
30．选B　根据空前“a student called Einstein shone ...”可知，他的演奏感人至深(deeply)。
31．选A　根据下文“he also played the piano and, ________， loved to improvise”可知，本句是在赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧(skill)。
32．选B　根据上文语境可知，空处与上文构成递进关系，表示他尤其(in particular)喜欢即兴创作。
33．选C　根据下文“perform at benefit concerts”可知，此处指受邀请(invitation)去演奏。
34．选C　根据下文“There are many musicians with much ________ skills, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.”可知，此处指对爱因斯坦热爱音乐的总结(summary)。
35．选D　本句是将爱因斯坦和其他音乐家的音乐技巧做比较，并且前后为转折关系，所以应该是更好的(better)。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了布朗大学举办的年度科学奥林匹克锦标赛。
36．truly　考查副词。修饰形容词enriching and enjoyable应用副词作状语。故填truly。
37．Featuring　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处在句中作非谓语，且feature与主语the single day academic tournament之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Featuring。
38．is scored　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语Each challenge与score之间为被动关系，且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语为单数形式，故填is scored。
39．themselves　考查代词。分析句子可知，此处作宾语，指代主语contestants“参赛者他们自己”，应用反身代词themselves。
40．specialized　考查形容词。此处作定语，修饰名词areas，应用形容词，故填specialized。
41．in　考查介词。engage in意为“参加”，为固定搭配。故填in。
42．wonders　考查名词复数。名词wonder“奇迹”为可数名词，此处指科学中的各个奇迹，应用名词的复数形式。故填wonders。
43．to wander　考查非谓语动词。此处作定语修饰名词a platform，表示“去漫步布朗大学校园”，应用动词不定式to wander。
44．a　考查冠词。get/have an understanding of ...意为“对……的理解，了解……”，为固定搭配，且great以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
45．that　考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为the most valuable experience，指物，且由最高级修饰，应用关系代词that引导。
第三部分
第一节
参考范文：
A man of the soil
It's my great honour today to deliver a speech on scientific spirit to you. From my point of view, devotion and determination contribute the most to the achievement of a scientist.
Yuan Longping, a man of the soil, is the best example. As he once said, “My lifelong pursuit is to keep all the people away from hunger.” To realize this dream, he devoted all his life to the soil to boost yields in the field. Although no one thought it could be done, he never lost heart to tackle this challenge. Having overcome varieties of difficulties, he finally found the answer in hybrid rice.
Thanks to his scientific spirit, today not just China but many other countries have basically solved the hunger problem.
第二节
参考范文：
Over the next few weeks, the other boys dropped out of the project. But Freddie kept on. Some of his friends laughed at him, thinking it was a waste of time. Nevertheless, Freddie decided to stick it out. The first day of the new school year soon arrived and once again the school hall was packed with pupils. When the headmaster appeared, he was carrying a certificate which bore the logo of the local council. “Welcome back，” he said, “The council has presented this certificate to the school in recognition of the work by one of our pupils. Freddie Forbes, please come to the platform.”
Hearing his name called by the headmaster, Freddie nervously made his way to the platform. The headmaster smiled at Freddie. “This certificate you have worked so hard to achieve will hang in the school office, but you will get a personal award too.” A teacher came onto the stage, bringing one of the honors jackets that Freddie had admired so much. The headmaster asked Freddie to remove his own jacket and helped him into the blazer that he thought he would never wear. As the pupils who had dropped out looked on enviously, Freddie knew that collecting waste was certainly not a waste of time.
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