第7练 单元达标训练
一、 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A(2023苏州期中改编)
Our Favourite Tech Gifts
When it comes time for the holiday shopping season, we're extra choosy about the countless technology products that we will buy and give to friends and family. Here's what impressed editors, reporters and producers the most.
Lumos Matrix helmet(头盔)
I recently bought a Lumos Matrix helmet($229) with built in lights to make riding my bike at night a lot safer and less stressful. It's a regular pain point for bikers like me to make sure careless drivers see you, especially when it's dark. This does help.
—Matt Mcfarland, Writer
Goodreads app
Although this isn't a gift, the free Goodreads app is a game changer. At the beginning of this year, I promised myself I'd read at least one new book every month. I set a goal of 12 books on Goodreads and use it to track my progress, keep a list of books I'm interested in and check out what friends and others on the app are recommending. I read 35 books this year！(That's up from five books last year.) Goodreads feels like one of the rare feel good social networks.
—Kaya Yurieff, Tech Reporter
Ember coffee cup
I drink my coffee slowly, so it has routinely cooled by the time I get halfway through it. For my birthday, my mum bought me a cup($99), which keeps my coffee warm until I finish it without reheating. I can also set the temperature I want. It makes my mornings so much easier.
—Millie Dent, Intern
( ) 1. What is the main advantage of Lumos Matrix helmet
A. Helping drivers concentrate. B. Managing the bad weather.
C. Making night riding safer. D. Making bikers less painful.
( ) 2. What does the writer mean by referring to the Goodreads app as “a game changer”？
A. It changes some readers' reading rules.
B. It inspires readers to read more through communication.
C. It limits the number of books a reader can read.
D. It provides readers with free Internet games.
( ) 3. Which of the following can best describe the Ember coffee cup
A. Simple. B. Expensive. C. Eco friendly. D. Convenient.
B(2023淮安调研)
Scientists at Rice University in Houston, Texas, have developed a fabric based(基于织物的) wearable tool that “hits” users' wrists(腕关节) with pressurized air, silently guiding them to their finishing point. The study, put out on August 29 in the magazine Device, showed that users could correctly read which direction the tool was telling them to go. Since the wearable uses air instead of electronics, it can be built lighter than present designs.
The wearables may benefit people with hearing loss, and experts Such as doctors, pilots, and soldiers who are crowded with signs and sounds.
But while tools that produce signs or sounds are prevalent in everyday life, tools that use touch based signs are still uncommon.
To get over this difficulty, the Rice University researchers developed a light, comfortable wearable tool from fabric materials that can be worn on a user's arm. The team tested the tool by measuring forces applied to the user as a function of pressure and the shape of the wearable.
“Every person has a differently shaped arm, a different feeling of what ‘feels good’ in terms of the forces applied and the timing of the forces, and different abilities in responding to the type of touch based signs we send，” said Barclay Jumet, the lead author of the study. “Fortunately, our fabric based wearable tool is easily tailorable(可定制的) and adjustable(可调节的) to a series of body types and sizes.”
After testing the performance of the touch based wearable tool in a lab based study, the researchers set out to see how well these tools could guide users in a real world situation. “We were amazed that the user was able to find his way around the streets of Houston and later follow 50 meters long on an open field with 30% exactness in receiving and reading touch based signs，” said Daniel Preston, the co author of the study.
“Further development will seek to improve the ability to pass on even more difficult signs that are easily and naturally noticed by the user，” said Preston.
( ) 4. Why are the wearable tools lighter
A. The wrist requires lighter tools.
B. The fabric of the tool is light.
C. They use air to “hit” users' wrists.
D. It is in response to the call from scientists.
( ) 5. What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Alarming. B. Pleasing. C. Clear. D. Common.
( ) 6. How can the problem of different body types and sizes be solved
A. By carrying out more studies.
B. By developing high quality fabric.
C. By tailoring and adjusting the tool.
D. By sending exact touch based signs.
( ) 7. What is Paragraph 6 mainly about
A. The cause of testing the tool in real life.
B. The test of the tool's real life performance.
C. The perfection of the touch based wearable tool.
D. The necessity of stepping from the lab to the real world.
二、 七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips for Cutting the Cost of Travel(2023南通海安实验中学期中)
Whether for pleasure or business reasons, it is normal for us to sometimes want to pack our bags, hit the road, and head to a new destination. __1__， it is not without its expenses and those expenses are capable of drilling a hole in one's pocket if not properly planned out beforehand. Below are several tips to ensure you don't end up too much out of pocket by the end of your travels.
__2__. More often than not, people go directly to the airline websites to book their tickets. But did you know that there are so many websites, like TraveliGo, which specialize in finding cheap flights for travelers This is a great go to website whenever you want to book your flight.
Choose a cheaper means of transportation. While everyone likes to fly to their travel destination for ease and speed, flying isn't the only transport option available. Depending on where you're living and where you're heading, you can always select public transport. __3__．
Don't use hotels. __4__. By using Airbnb or any of its popular competitors, travelers have the opportunity to not only live like locals but also spend far less.
Use a travel credit card. When you apply for these cards, you can control opportunities like signing up bonuses(红利), most of which are offered by airline credit cards. __5__. You can save yourself a lot of money by means of extra miles whenever you're ready to hit the road.
A. Surf the website for tickets
B. Save on airfares
C. If you're a traveler looking to reduce the travel costs
D. While traveling is an exciting experience
E. These bonus points can help you increase a lot of miles
F. Staying at someone's house can be cheaper than booking a hotel
G. So research what's available and choose the best option for your budget
1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________
三、 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023张家口期末)Tibetan antelopes(藏羚羊) live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang and Qinghai. Today they are 1.________ danger. Over the past years, people 2.________ (hunt) antelopes illegally for their valuable fur. The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelopes, when the population 3.________ (drop) by more than 50 per cent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save Tibetan antelopes from extinction, the Chinese government placed 4.________(they) under national protection. Volunteers would watch over the antelopes day and night 5.________(keep) them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move 6.________(easy) and keep them safe from cars and trains. The measures were 7.________(effect). The antelope population recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. 8.________ , the government doesn't intend to stop the protection programs and will continue to protect the Tibetan antelopes.
Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet 9.________ we live on, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being 10.________ threat to wildlife and to our planet.
四、 应用文写作
(2023苏州期中)假定你是校学生会主席李华。11月21日是“世界问候日”，请你写一篇演讲稿，在学校晨会上呼吁同学们向周围的人释放善意，发出问候，让他人感受到温馨。内容包括：
1. 问候他人的意义；
2. 问候的对象以及方式。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear fellow students，
The “World Hello Day” is approaching. _________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第7练 单元达标训练
一、 1—3 CBD 4—7 CDCB
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个实用性比较高的日常生活小礼品。
1. C 细节理解题。根据Lumos Matrix helmet(头盔)部分中“I recently bought a Lumos Matrix helmet($229)with built in lights to make riding my bike at night a lot safer and less stressful.”可知，该头盔的主要优点是让夜间行车更安全。
2. B 写作意图题。根据Goodreads app部分中“I set a goal of 12 books on Goodreads and use it to track my progress, keep a list of books I'm interested in and check out what friends and others on the app are recommending. I read 35 books this year！”可知，作者将这款app称作“一个游戏规则改变者”，因为它激励读者通过与他人互动的方式阅读更多的书目。
3. D 推理判断题。根据Ember coffee cup部分中“For my birthday, my mum bought me a cup($99), which keeps my coffee warm until I finish it without reheating. I can also set the temperature I want. It makes my mornings so much easier.”可知，该咖啡杯可以保温，即该咖啡杯很方便。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国得克萨斯州休斯敦莱斯大学的科学家们开发出了一种基于织物的可穿戴工具，可以通过喷出的压力空气无声地引导人们到达目的地。这种工具轻便舒适，可根据不同体型和尺寸进行定制和调整，具有广阔的发展前景。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The study, put out on August 29 in the magazine Device, showed that users could correctly read which direction the tool was telling them to go. Since the wearable uses air instead of electronics, it can be built lighter than present designs.”可知，由于这种可穿戴工具利用空气而非电子元件进行工作，因此可以比现有设计更轻便。C项“它们利用空气‘击打’用户的手腕。”与文章信息相符。
5. D 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“while tools that produce signs or sounds are”以及下文“tools that use touch based signs are still uncommon”可知，两个句子构成转折关系，即虽然生成信号或声音的产品是普遍的(常见的)，但使用基于触感的产品仍然不常见，画线词prevalent与uncommon 意思相反。
6. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Fortunately，our fabric based wearable tool is easily tailorable(可定制的) and adjustable(可调节的) to a series of body types and sizes.”可知，针对不同体型和尺寸的问题，基于织物的可穿戴工具很容易进行定制和调整。
7. B 段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中“After testing the performance of the touch based wearable tool in a lab based study, the researchers set out to see how well these tools could guide users in a real world situation.”可知，本段主要讲述的是测试该穿戴工具在实际应用中的表现。
二、 1—5 DBGFE
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了减少旅行费用的一些小贴士。
1. D 根据下文“it is not without its expenses and those expenses are capable of drilling a hole in one's pocket if not properly planned out beforehand”可知，下文陈述的是费用问题。据此推知，空处与下文形成转折关系，且内容与旅行有关，D项中连词“While”表示转折， 故D项“虽然旅行是一种令人兴奋的经历”符合题意。
2. B 根据下文“But did you know that there are so many websites, like TraveliGo, which specialize in finding cheap flights for travelers？”可知，下文提到了寻找便宜机票，且空处是本段小标题，内容与省钱有关， 故B项“节省机票费用”符合题意。
3. G 空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“While everyone likes to fly to their travel destination for ease and speed, flying isn't the only transport option available. Depending on where you're living and where you're heading, you can always select public transport.”可知，空处内容与选择合适的交通工具有关， 故G 项“所以，研究一下可行方式，然后根据你的预算做出最好的选择”符合题意，与上文构成因果关系。
4. F 根据本段中心句“Don't use hotels.”和下文“travelers have the opportunity to not only live like locals but also spend far less”可知，本段不建议住酒店，且下文提到了有机会像当地人一样生活，可推测空处内容与住宿地点有关， 故F项“住在别人家里可能比预订酒店便宜”符合题意。
5. E 根据上文“When you apply for these cards, you can control opportunities like signing up bonuses(红利), most of which are offered by airline credit cards.”可知，上文提到了注册红利，可推测空处内容与红利积分的用处有关， 故E项“这些红利积分可以帮助你增加很多里程”符合题意。
三、 1. in 2. have hunted/have been hunting 3. dropped 4. them 5. to keep 6. easily
7. effective 8. However 9. that/which 10. a
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了藏羚羊的生存受到威胁，数量大大下降。为了不让藏羚羊灭绝，政府和志愿者们采取了一系列措施保护藏羚羊。
1. in 考查介词。句意：今天它们处于危险之中。in danger是固定搭配，意为“处于危险中”。
2. have hunted/have been hunting 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几十年里，人们为了获得珍贵的皮毛而非法猎杀藏羚羊。Over the past years是现在完成时的标志词，可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；且主语people是复数，和谓语动词hunt是主动关系。
3. dropped 考查动词时态。句意：20世纪80年代和90年代是藏羚羊的艰难时期，当时藏羚羊的数量下降了50%以上。数量下降超过百分之五十这件事，是在20世纪80年代和90年代发生的，所以用一般过去时。
4. them 考查代词。句意：为了拯救藏羚羊以免于灭绝，中国政府将其列为国家保护动物。空处代指上文提到的Tibetan antelopes，作宾语，应用宾格。
5. to keep 考查非谓语动词。句意：志愿者们日夜守护着藏羚羊，保护它们不受攻击。根据语境可知，此处为动词不定式在句中作目的状语。
6. easily 考查副词。句意：为了让藏羚羊更容易行动，并保护它们免受汽车和火车的伤害，人们增加了桥梁和大门。修饰动词move用副词。
7. effective 考查形容词。句意：这些措施是有效的。空处是形容词作表语，意为“有效的”。
8. However 考查连词。句意：但是，政府并不打算停止保护项目，将继续保护藏羚羊。根据语境可知，上下文之间为转折关系。
9. that/which 考查定语从句。句意：人们已经做了很多工作来保护野生动物，但如果我们真的想拯救我们所生活的星球，我们必须改变我们的生活方式。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，先行词the planet在从句中作live on的宾语。
10. a 考查冠词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才不会成为野生动物和地球的威胁。根据语境可知，此处为泛指概念，且名词threat首字母的发音为辅音音素。
四、 One possible version：
Dear_fellow_students，
The_“World_Hello_Day”_is_approaching.It is my privilege today to encourage all of you to spread goodwill and warmth through greetings.
As we all know, a simple gesture of greeting not only shows politeness, but also has the power to brighten someone's day. By greeting others, we acknowledge their presence and make them feel valued. We should take this opportunity to reach out to the people around us, whether they're our family, friends, or even strangers. A greeting can be a simple “hello” or “good morning”， or even a smile. It might seem small, but it can make a big difference.
I urge each of you to embrace the spirit of the day, creating an environment where everyone feels welcomed and cherished. Let's make every day a World Hello Day.第6练 Extended reading & Project(Ⅱ)
【夯实基础】
一、 单词拼写
1. We attended a dinner party h__________ by the president of the company.
2. If he set his a________ clock for midnight, it would wake the whole house.
3. China ought to make a greater c__________ to humanity.
4. I like John but I don't find him a________ physically.
5. Historians use a wide range of primary and s________ sources for their research.
6. Marx did for the development of society what Darwin did for the development of the ________(生物学).
7. The teams served up some ________(精彩的) entertainment.
8. ________(幸好), the rain stopped before we started.
9. Several ________(选修课) are offered for the students' senior year.
10. At the ________(书法) competition, people asked him to write a few characters.
二、 完成句子
1. 这名老妇人已经为社区做出了很多贡献。
The old woman ________ ________ a lot of ________ ________ the community.
2. 我们的生活中总是有很多挑战，这并不奇怪。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in our life, which is nothing strange.
3. 这件连衣裙比那件贵一倍。
This dress is ________ ________ ________ ________ that one.
4. 越来越多的学生有机会被重点大学录取。
More and more students ________ ________ ________ ________ be admitted to key universities.
5. 我们都听说过一些人在网上发财的故事。
We all heard stories of some people who have ________ ________ ________ on the Internet.
6. 你找的那个人就在客人当中。
________ ________ ________ ________ the person you are looking for.
7. 随着时间的推移，橄榄球俱乐部仍是最吸引学生的地方之一。
The Rugby Club is still one of the places ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ over time.
8. 由于美景吸引了他的注意力，他决定再待两天。
With ________ ________ ________ the fantastic scenery, he decided to stay for another two days.
【提升素养】
一、 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A(2023南通海安实验中学期中)
International Sports Camps
With over 50 years of combined experience in providing great sports coaching for children, International Sports Camps gives young players the chance to take their game to the next level.
Basketball Camp
Our basketball camp is for players of all standards aged 5 to 15 and features excellent coaching from leading players and coaches, providing two hours of group instruction five days a week for players. Junior Stars programs(5 to 11 years old) and Senior Champions programs(12 to 15 years old) are offered at the camp.
Tennis Camp
A carefully designed and integrated approach to the total tennis game since 1970. You will profit from and enjoy small group instruction, private lessons, singles and doubles match play, team tennis, and a tennis specific conditioning program. You will receive 2 to 2.5 hours of instruction daily and will be grouped by ability level.
Soccer Camp
The Soccer Program is an exciting new program designed just for International Sports Camps. You'll be practicing the fundamental skills while also being able to put those skills into practice in game like competition. Improve your game and put your abilities to the test against players from around the world.
Scuba Diving(潜水) Camp
Scuba diving is an extraordinary experience. This popular activity allows you to see an expansive and exciting underwater world in a new way. Our scuba program includes all of the classroom instruction and pool work during this week long class. The only thing you have left to do is complete your open water dives to gain full certification. Those who choose this program will be required to complete video assignments before arrival.
( ) 1. How many hours of group instruction will you receive in a week at Basketball Camp
A. Two hours.
B. Ten hours.
C. Twelve hours.
D. Fourteen hours.
( ) 2. What is one of the differences between Tennis Camp and Soccer Camp
A. Soccer Camp offers more training.
B. Tennis Camp has a longer history.
C. Soccer campers have more time for instruction.
D. Tennis campers have more time for instruction.
( ) 3. Which program requires campers to make some preparations for it before coming to the camp
A. Basketball Camp.
B. Tennis Camp.
C. Soccer Camp.
D. Scuba Diving Camp.
B
Childhood is all about the slow expansion of your world, from birth when you are quite clearly the centre of the universe, through the great shock of realising, when you are about three, that you are not actually kings and queens, and that there is a whole world beyond the kitchen table and the bedtime story. It's entirely up to you to let your children know that, while they may be blessed with a loving home, a warm bed, plenty to eat, many people are not.
My oldest son, Sam, is six now and a lovely boy, thoughtful and concerned about the world, kind to his brothers and in love with nature, insects and animals. I get nervous at the fact that it is my responsibility to make him aware of the dark side of life—war, starvation, environmental disasters—part of me wants to preserve his innocence, but most of me thinks he needs to know and I should be the one to tell him.
We've talked a little bit, about climate change, but I find it hard to be really honest with him. I sat down with him recently, to read something that Green Books sent to me, called How to Turn Your Parents Green. I thought a light hearted book might be an easy way to talk to him about what he's going to have to deal with.
I asked him if he knew about climate change and he said no and then yes. I asked him if he knew what was causing it and he said, “It's because there are more and more cars on the roads. Maybe too many planes too. Maybe trains as well, but only a little bit.” He likes trains.
I said it was because we had too many lights on too—he jumped up and turned off the light straight away.
“What do you think it means？” I asked him. “I don't know. Is the world getting hotter What will happen？” he asked. “Well, some people's homes may get covered in water, and other people may not have enough food，” I said. “There might be some big storms and hurricanes.”
He was quiet and thoughtful, and I couldn't bear to push it any further. We did some colouring instead. But later that afternoon, he came back to me and put his hand in my back pocket. “I didn't like that book, Mum. It made me feel really worried，” he said.
I still feel upset thinking about it now.
( ) 4. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Slow development of a child's intelligence.
B. Better understanding of the things around a child.
C. Natural response to what happens around a child.
D. Gradual process of a child knowing more about the world.
( ) 5. How does the author feel before telling her son about the dark side of life
A. Very sorry.
B. Quite pleased.
C. A little hesitant.
D. Quite confident.
( ) 6. Why did Sam jump up and turn off the light
A. He hated to talk about lights.
B. His mother told him to do so.
C. Lights would cause climate change.
D. He wanted to save electricity for trains.
( ) 7. Why did the author do some colouring with her son
A. To make him less upset.
B. To take a short break with him.
C. To give him some time to think.
D. To develop his interest in colouring.
二、 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My Ph.D. adviser called me into his office saying, “You are fired from the lab.”
I had moved to Israel to study for a Ph.D. At first, things went well in my new lab. Then I __1__ some problems. I made a few mistakes in the lab that slowed my __2__， but my adviser never spoke to me about any concerns. I'm still not __3__ why he fired me, but I guess it was because of those mistakes. He wasn't confident that I could __4__ my research in time as we'd planned.
The first few days after I was fired were especially __5__. I spent hours staring at my computer screen, unable to get anything done. I tried to __6__ his mind with promising results, but he __7__ to his decision. I could not tell the news to my family in India, as the fear of __8__ them overwhelmed(压垮) me. I soon got into a __9__ of sadness and anxiety.
Around that time, I watched a movie—Dasvidaniya. One line from the movie stuck out to me: “When life gives you lemons, make lemonade.” What kind of “lemonade” could I make out of my present __10__？ My desire to complete a Ph.D. was never in doubt. After much __11__， I told myself that one __12__ attempt was not the end of the world, and that I needed to give it another __13__. With renewed __14__， I emailed expected advisers and applied to other programs. Within 2 months, I __15__ an offer from a Ph.D. program in Italy.
( ) 1. A. ran into B. came into C. stepped into D. looked into
( ) 2. A. plan B. research C. graduation D. report
( ) 3. A. satisfied B. doubtful C. shocked D. certain
( ) 4. A. improve B. smooth C. complete D. solve
( ) 5. A. difficult B. special C. flexible D. unique
( ) 6. A. keep B. read C. change D. clear
( ) 7. A. stuck B. turned C. devoted D. took
( ) 8. A. frightening B. disappointing C. challenging D. tricking
( ) 9. A. habit B. trouble C. state D. pressure
( )10. A. moment B. control C. level D. situation
( )11. A. reflection B. judgement C. treatment D. discussion
( )12. A. gained B. failed C. rated D. gathered
( )13. A. chance B. hope C. aim D. try
( )14. A. energy B. balance C. interest D. confidence
( )15. A. produced B. landed C. operated D. responded
第6练 Extended reading & Project(Ⅱ)
【夯实基础】
一、 1. hosted 2. alarm 3. contribution 4. attractive 5. secondary 6. biology
7. fantastic 8. Fortunately 9. options 10. calligraphy
二、 1. has made; contributions to 2. There are always many challenges
3. twice as expensive as 4. have the opportunities to 5. made their fortune
6. Among the guests is 7. which/that have attracted students most 8. attention attracted by
【提升素养】
一、 1—3 BBD 4—7 DCCA
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是一些国际体育营。
1. B 细节理解题。根据Basketball Camp部分中“providing two hours of group instruction five days a week for players”可知，在篮球训练营，你一周会接受的集体指导时间是10小时。
2. B 细节理解题。根据Tennis Camp部分中“A carefully designed and integrated approach to the total tennis game since 1970.”和Soccer Camp部分中“The Soccer Program is an exciting new program designed just for International Sports Camps.”可知，网球营和足球营的区别之一是网球营的历史更悠久。
3. D 细节理解题。根据Scuba Diving(潜水) Camp部分中“Those who choose this program will be required to complete video assignments before arrival.”可知，需要营员在来营前做些准备的是潜水营。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者通过给孩子读书，告诉孩子生活的黑暗面——战争、饥饿、环境灾难等并观察了孩子的反应。
4. D 段落大意题。根据第一段中“Childhood is all about … there is a whole world beyond the kitchen table and the bedtime story.”可知，第一段主要讲的是一个孩子逐渐了解世界的过程。
5. C 推理判断题。根据第二段中“I get nervous at the fact that … I should be the one to tell him.”可知，在向儿子讲述生活的阴暗面之前，作者是有点犹豫的。
6. C 推理判断题。根据第四段中“I asked him if he knew about climate change and he said no and then yes.”和第五段“I said it was because we had too many lights on too—he jumped up and turned off the light straight away.”可知，Sam跳起来关了灯是因为灯光会导致气候变化。
7. A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He was quiet and thoughtful, and I couldn't bear to push it any further. We did some colouring instead.”可知，作者和儿子涂色是为了让他不那么难过。
二、 1—5 ABDCA 6—10 CABCD 11—15 ABDDB
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在攻读博士学位期间遭遇困境，一部电影中的台词给了他启示：当生活给你又酸又苦的柠檬时，那你就将它变成又甜又可口的柠檬汁。
1. A 句意：然后我遇到了一些问题。ran into遇到(困难、问题等)，陷入(困境)；came into进入；stepped into走进；looked into调查。根据下文“I made a few mistakes in the lab”可知，作者遇到了一些问题。
2. B 句意：我在实验室里犯了一些错误，耽误了我的研究，但我的导师从来没有跟我说过任何担忧。plan计划；research研究；graduation毕业；report报告，报道。根据下文“He wasn't confident that I could __4__ my research in time as we'd planned.”可知，作者犯了一些错误，耽误了研究。
3. D 句意：我仍然不确定他为什么解雇我，但我猜就是因为那些错误。satisfied满意的；doubtful怀疑的；shocked震惊的；certain肯定的。根据下文“but I guess it was because of those mistakes”可知，作者猜测是自己犯下的错误使导师解雇了自己。由此可知，作者不确定导师解雇自己的原因。
4. C 句意：他对我能否如期完成研究没有信心。improve提高，改善；smooth抚平；complete完成；solve解决。上文提到作者犯了一些错误，减缓了研究的进度，所以此处指导师担心作者无法按期完成研究。
5. A 句意：我被解雇后的头几天特别难熬。difficult困难的；special特殊的；flexible灵活的；unique独特的。根据下文“I spent hours staring at my computer screen, unable to get anything done.”可知，被解雇的头几天作者觉得很难熬。
6. C 句意：我试图用有希望的结果来改变他的想法，但他坚持自己的决定。keep保持；read读；change改变；clear清理。根据下文“with promising results”可知，作者被解雇后，跟导师说会给出一个满意的结果，试图以此来改变导师的想法。
7. A 句意见上题解析。stuck坚持；turned翻转，转弯；devoted献身，致力于；took拿，取。根据转折词“but”及下文“I could not tell the news to my family”可知，虽然作者保证以后好好表现，但导师坚持自己的决定，仍要解雇作者。
8. B 句意：我不能把这个消息告诉我在印度的家人，因为我害怕让他们失望，这样的恐惧压垮了我。frightening使惊吓；disappointing使失望；challenging挑战；tricking欺骗。根据语境可知，作者被解雇，不敢告诉家人，应是怕他们对自己失望。
9. C 句意：我很快就进入了一种悲伤和焦虑的状态。habit习惯；trouble麻烦；state状态；pressure压力。根据下文“sadness and anxiety”可知，作者被解雇后陷入悲伤和焦虑的状态。
10. D 句意：我能从我目前的处境中做出什么样的“柠檬水”呢？ moment时刻；control控制；level水平；situation情况，形势。根据语境可知，此处指作者反问以自己的现状和处境，又能做出什么样的“柠檬汁”呢？
11. A 句意：经过多次反思，我告诉自己，一次失败的尝试并不是世界末日，我需要再试一次。reflection反思；judgement评价；treatment对待，治疗；discussion讨论。根据下文作者发邮件申请项目可知，此处指作者反思过后，决定振作起来。
12. B 句意见上题解析。gained获得的；failed失败的；rated额定的；gathered聚集在一起的。上文提到作者因犯错而被解雇，所以此处指“一次失败的尝试”。
13. D 句意见第11小题解析。chance机会；hope希望；aim目标；try尝试。此处和“attempt”同义，指一次尝试失败后，需要再次尝试。
14. D 句意：信心重燃后，我给有意向的导师发了邮件，并申请了其他项目。energy精力；balance平衡；interest兴趣；confidence信心。根据下文“I emailed expected advisers and applied to other programs”可知，作者经过反思，重拾信心。
15. B 句意：不到两个月，我就收到了意大利一个博士项目的录取通知。produced生产；landed成功得到，赢得；operated操作；responded回答，回应。上文提到作者申请项目，故此处指得到一个博士项目的录取通知。
做本课习题时，要注意学会利用but、however等衔接词，理解上下文之间的逻辑。第8练 单元提优测试
一、 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A(2023 江苏天一中学期中)
Jace Tunnell, the founder of Nurdle Patrol and Reserve Director at the University of Texas Marine Science Institute, is listening to the same question often.
“I hear every day, somebody says, ‘What is a nurdle？’” he said.
Tunnell explained nurdles are tiny balls of plastic that are typically used to make almost every plastic item we use, so they're everywhere! He said nurdles are usually spilled(溢出) during transport from cargo ships or railroad cars. “These things would be out here for hundreds of years if we're not picking them up，” Tunnell said while on a recent Nurdle Patrol cleanup along Galveston Bay.
Since 2018, Nurdle Patrol has grown to thousands of volunteers worldwide. Many people volunteer with Nurdle Patrol and work for the Galveston Bay Foundation. Nurdle Patrol groups upload their findings to the nonprofit's website map. It's marked in colors to show where the highest concentration of nurdles is found.
“They look natural, and birds think that they're food，” Tunnell said. “Birds, fish, sea turtles and other sea animals can eat nurdles and finally die from hunger because of a false sensation of fullness and lack of nutrition.”
“I ended up finding 123 nurdles in 10 minutes. That's high concentration，” Tunnell said about a recent cleanup. “I plan to take those to an elected official and say, ‘Look, these are what I found on our beaches here. We need to do something about this.’ So, it kind of puts in motion change that can happen.”
Nurdle Patrol has sent out hundreds of kits(工具包) globally, many to schools and volunteer organizations, with information about gathering nurdles and reporting the findings safely. Anyone can request a kit through their website.
( ) 1. What do we know about the nurdle
A. It easily breaks down. B. It is a small piece of plastic.
C. It was invented by Tunnell. D. It is mainly used to make ships.
( ) 2. What do Tunnell's words in Paragraph 5 mainly stress
A. The unique look of nurdles. B. The number of nurdles in the sea.
C. Nurdles' harm to sea animals' food. D. Nurdles' impact on sea animals.
( ) 3. What does Tunnell want to do
A. Draw a map of nurdles' concentration.
B. Call the government's attention to nurdles.
C. Organize more cleanups along the beaches.
D. Share his findings on Nurdle Patrol's website.
( ) 4. What is the best title for the text
A. Group Surveys the Level of Pollution in the Sea
B. Group Takes Action to Reduce the Use of Plastics
C. Group Tries to Deal with Pollutant Harming Wildlife
D. Group Looks for Volunteers for Its Beach Cleanups
B(2023常州学校联盟期中)
As a teenager, Gray would collect mushrooms(蘑菇) with her family in Cape Town, South Africa, and after moving to the coast 14 years ago, she fully accepted wild foraging(搜寻食物). Gray started experimenting with wild flavors, adding edible flowers and herbs to iced teas and cakes.
She became a personal wild food cook, foraging daily for ingredients down the coast in the summer. “I believe that food that is picked as fresh as possible and as close to your location as possible is the best for you，” Gray says, “and wild foods meet all those requirements.”
Wild foods are considered to be anything not planted by humans. They're sourced depending on the season. There is no shortage of options in the Cape Floral Region—recognized by UNESCO as one of the most special places on Earth for plant biodiversity. More than 9，000 plant species grow in this region.
“Foraging here supplied the main food for the Khoikhoi people, one of the oldest people on Earth，” according to Mark Heistein, CEO of Cape Winelands Biosphere Reserve. “Hundreds of these ingredients are also believed to have medicinal qualities，” says Heistein, “like rooibos tea, considered a health tea, which is exported worldwide.”
Since 2017, Gray has been sharing her love of the edible landscape with locals and tourists through seasonal workshops around 10 kilometers south of Cape Town. She has taught thousands of people how to forage.
When the pandemic hit South Africa, Gray was unable to run her group workshops in person, but she continued to find a growing fanbase online. She has run 10 online workshops for groups during the pandemic.
“It's very ironic(讽刺的) to be able to create this connection for people to nature through a screen，” Gray says. “The true foragers are not on any social media platforms—they're the ones who are doing the work in the mountains and out in the wild.”
( ) 5. What does the underlined word “edible” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Poisonous. B. Delicious. C. Eatable. D. Sweet.
( ) 6. Why is the Cape Floral Region mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. To call on people to protect the environment.
B. To show the resources the local people enjoy.
C. To praise the contribution of the local people to nature.
D. To stress the importance of preserving plant biodiversity.
( ) 7. What is Mark Heistein's attitude toward foraging
A. Worried. B. Carefree. C. Surprised. D. Favorable.
( ) 8. What can be learnt about the workshops run by Gray
A. They are held in Cape Town.
B. They are growing in popularity.
C. They were closed during the pandemic.
D. They were bringing the locals together.
二、 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2023南通海安实验中学期中)Today I picked up some medicine for my unwell 1 year old. As I __1__ in line at Chemist Warehouse, I heard the conversation of an elderly lady at the counter(柜台) next to me. This lovely old woman __2__ to be buying up half the shop and said to the shop assistant, “Can I leave half of my items here And I'll collect the rest when I can as I can't take all my items. They are far too __3__ for me.”
I said to the elderly lady(Ilana), “I'm more than happy to __4__ them for you. I'm happy to give you a lift(搭便车) home or do you drive a car？”
It turned out that Ilana drove and her car was __5__ near my car. I carried all her items to her car and put them in her car trunk.
Ilana then got chatting, clearly very __6__ with no friends nearby and told me how much pain she was in, and all the __7__ she had had in different hospitals. Ilana told me of her mother falling ill recently and that her sister, her very best friend, at 17 had been hurt in a car accident and how her dad __8__ all those misfortunes to support the family and how much she was __9__ about them with tears in her eyes. I just stood and listened, holding back __10__ myself as she opened up freely talking out her pain to a complete __11__．
I felt sad and I just wish I could have done more, even though Ilana __12__ me over and over on such a small act of __13__．
I want Ilana to know that carrying her __14__ to the car today made my heart light as much as it __15__ her and I wish her nothing but the best.
( ) 1. A. played B. stood C. jumped D. lay
( ) 2. A. ran B. agreed C. refused D. appeared
( ) 3. A. troublesome B. valuable C. heavy D. expensive
( ) 4. A. carry B. try C. buy D. watch
( ) 5. A. fixed B. examined C. cleaned D. parked
( ) 6. A. lonely B. healthy C. lucky D. careful
( ) 7. A. surveys B. operations C. chances D. disadvantages
( ) 8. A. gave up B. came across C. turned to D. went through
( ) 9. A. confident B. worried C. certain D. careless
( )10. A. fears B. pains C. tears D. thoughts
( )11. A. relative B. volunteer C. friend D. stranger
( )12. A. searched B. thanked C. recognized D. challenged
( )13. A. kindness B. courage C. power D. honesty
( )14. A. bags B. cups C. chairs D. wealth
( )15. A. praised B. protected C. helped D. disturbed
三、 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2023南通海安高级中学期中)We were three thousand miles away from home on a Random Acts of Kindness and Volunteerism Road Trip. Our funds were running low, so we had two goals today. Firstly, try out our new “Smile！” signs and see how much kindness and joy we could spread. Secondly, raise a pitiful $20 a piece by doing street performances. Singing, drawing cartoons, storytelling, as long as it is enough for the trip to Portland.
We weren't sure how people would react to our signs. I nervously raised one up and shouted “Hi there！” to a young couple. They looked over, momentarily confused, then read my sign and broke into smiles. It worked.
Before long, our signs were popular. Strangers stopped to ask us about them. The signs are more than an invitation to “Smile！”. They're an excuse to connect with strangers and to remember this world is full of good people. We got so wrapped up in our “Smile！” project that we forgot our other goal. Before we knew it, the sun was setting, and we had no money for our trip to Portland.
Then we noticed that a blind musician was playing the guitar when suddenly a passing crowd kicked over his change jar. Change and cash scattered everywhere. Before we could run over, another man rushed to collect all the money for him. And we met the dogooder, Jared. “We want to praise you on your good deed，” I said. Jared looked at my signs curiously. We told him about our road trip, which reminded him of something similar he did when he was young. He seemed moved.
注意：
1. 写作词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
We sat down to watch the musician play the guitar while we thought about our second goal. ___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Our little band of five attracted a large audience. __________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第8练 单元提优测试
一、 1—4 BDBC 5—8 CBDB
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Nurdle Patrol组织致力于清理海洋中的小塑料球，解释了塑料球的危害以及该组织的发展情况。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Tunnell explained nurdles are tiny balls of plastic that are typically used to make almost every plastic item we use, so they're everywhere！”可知，nurdle是小塑料块。
2. D 推理判断题。根据第五段“They look natural, and birds think that they're food，’ Tunnell said. ‘Birds, fish, sea turtles and other sea animals can eat nurdles and finally die from hunger because of a false sensation of fullness and lack of nutrition.”可推知，该段中Tunnell主要强调了小塑料球对海洋动物的影响。
3. B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I plan to take those to an elected official and say, ‘Look, these are what I found on our beaches here. We need to do something about this.’ So, it kind of puts in motion change that can happen.”可知，Tunnell想唤起政府对小塑料球的注意。
4. C 标题归纳题。根据第四段“Since 2018, Nurdle Patrol has grown to … marked in colors to show where the highest concentration of nurdles is found.”并结合文章主要介绍了Nurdle Patrol组织致力于清理海洋中的小塑料球，解释了其危害以及该组织的发展情况可知，C项“一个组织试图处理危害野生动物的污染物”最适合作为文章标题。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Gray的青少年如何与家人一起在南非的开普敦采集蘑菇，并在移居海岸后开始对野生食物进行试验和创新。
5. C 词义猜测题。根据第一段“As a teenager, Gray would … edible flowers and herbs to iced teas and cakes.”可知，Gray一家搬到海边后开始尝试野生的食材，并且在食物中添加，因此这些野生食材是可食用的，画线词edible的含义应为“可以吃的”。
6. B 推理判断题。根据第三段“Wild foods are considered … on Earth for plant biodiversity. More than 9，000 plant species grow in this region.”可知，作者提到开普敦花卉区是为了展示当地人民享受的资源。
7. D 观点态度题。根据第四段中“‘Hundreds of these ingredients are also believed to have medicinal qualities，’ says Heistein, ‘like rooibos tea, considered a health tea, which is exported worldwide.’”可知，Mark Heistein的态度是赞成的。
8. B 推理判断题。根据第五段中“She has taught thousands of people how to forage.”和第六段中“but she continued to find a growing fanbase online. She has run 10 online workshops …”可知，她的工作室越来越受欢迎。
二、 1—5 BDCAD 6—10 ABDBC 11—15 DBAAC
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去药店买药，遇到一位年老的女士买了很多的药，作者帮她把药搬到她的车上，期间倾听了女士对自己不幸经历的述说。
1. B 句意：当我在Chemist Warehouse这个药店排队时，听到旁边柜台一位老妇人的谈话。played玩；stood站着；jumped跳；lay躺。根据下文“at the counter(柜台)”可知，作者在Chemist Warehouse药店柜台排队。stand in line的意思是“排队”。
2. D 句意：这位可爱的老妇人似乎要买下一半的商店，她对店员说：“我可以把一半的东西放在这里吗？” ran跑；agreed同意；refused拒绝；appeared似乎。根据下文“to be buying up half the shop”可知，这位可爱的老妇人似乎要买下这家店一半的东西。
3. C 句意：它们对我来说太重了。troublesome麻烦的；valuable有价值的；heavy重的；expensive昂贵的。根据上文“And I'll collect the rest when I can as I can't take all my items.”可知，对于老妇人来说，一次拿走所有的东西太重了。
4. A 句意：我对那位老妇人(Ilana)说：“我很乐意为你搬东西。” carry携带，搬；try尝试；buy买；watch观看。根据下文“I carried all her items to her car”可知，作者帮老妇人搬那些东西。
5. D 句意：原来Ilana是开车来的，她的车停在我的车附近。fixed修理；examined检查；cleaned打扫；parked停车。根据下文“near my car”可知，老妇人的车停在作者的车附近。
6. A 句意：然后Ilana开始聊天，显然她很孤独，身边没有朋友，她告诉我她有多痛苦，以及她在不同医院做过的所有手术。lonely孤独的；healthy健康的；lucky幸运的；careful小心的。根据下文“with no friends nearby”可知，她身边没有朋友，因此她是孤独的。
7. B 句意见上题解析。surveys调查；operations手术；chances机会；disadvantages缺点。根据上文“told me how much pain she was in”和下文“she had had in different hospitals”可知，此处表示她在不同医院做的那些手术。
8. D 句意：Ilana含着眼泪告诉我，最近她妈妈生病了，作为她最好的朋友的妹妹17岁时在一次车祸中受伤，她爸爸为了养家经历了所有这些不幸以及她有多担心他们。gave up放弃；came across偶然遇见；turned to转向，向……求助；went through经历。根据下文“all those misfortunes”可知，她爸爸经历了所有这些不幸。
9. B 句意见上题解析。confident自信的；worried担心的；certain确定的；careless粗心的。根据上文“Ilana told me of her mother falling ill recently and that her sister, her very best friend, at 17 had been hurt in a car accident”可知，家里人不是生病就是受伤，她应该是很担心他们。
10. C 句意：我只是站在那里，忍住眼泪，听着她敞开心扉，向一个完全陌生的人倾诉她的痛苦。fears害怕；pains痛苦；tears眼泪；thoughts想法。根据上文“holding back”可知，作者是忍着眼泪。
11. D 句意见上题解析。relative亲戚；volunteer志愿者；friend朋友；stranger陌生人。根据上文“As I stood in line at Chemist Warehouse, I heard the conversation of an elderly lady at the counter(柜台) next to me.”可知，对于老妇人来说，作者是陌生人。
12. B 句意：尽管Ilana为这样一个小小的善举一遍又一遍地感谢我，但我还是很难过，我希望我能做得更多。searched搜索；thanked感谢；recognized识别；challenged挑战。根据上文“I carried all her items to her car and put them in her car trunk.”可知，作者帮Ilana搬了东西，因此她是在感谢作者。
13. A 句意见上题解析。kindness善良；courage勇气；power力量；honesty诚实。作者对老妇人来说是陌生人，却提供了帮助，因此此处指的是善举。
14. A 句意：我想让Ilana知道，今天把她的包搬到车上不仅是帮助了她，同时也让我心情轻松，我只希望她一切都好。bags包；cups杯子；chairs椅子；wealth财富。根据上文“I carried all her items to her car”可知，作者帮她拎包上车。
15. C 句意见上题解析。praised赞美；protected保护；helped帮助；disturbed打扰。根据上文“I carried all her items to her car and put them in her car trunk.”可知，作者把老妇人的包搬上车，这是在帮她。
三、 One possible version：
We_sat_down_to_watch_the_musician_play_the_guitar_while_we_thought_about_our_second_goal. It seemed that it was tough to achieve. Now we didn't have much time to waste. Suddenly, a good idea flashed through my mind. I gathered my courage and walked straight toward the musician and asked him to do us a favor. To our great delight, he enthusiastically supported our money project and agreed to form a band with us. With an empty hat on the ground in front of us, we began our performance.
Our_little_band_of_five_attracted_a_large_audience. We received a storm of applause. A gentleman in his fifties was the first to put some change into our hat. His act of kindness was soon followed by more donations. A little boy, holding his mom's hand, carefully dropped a coin and gave us the most beautiful smile in the world. Before it was dark, we were sure we had made it. The amount of money gathered totaled $92. What a sweet victory! We thanked the musician and went on with our journey. In the depths of my heart, I would keep these heartwarming moments forever.第3练 Grammar and usage
【夯实基础】
一、 写出下列句子中画线部分在句中的成分
1. Some_parents will buy any high tech toy if they think it will help their child.__________
2. The researchers analyzed_video recordings of 53 child parent pairs during everyday activities at home.__________
3. All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.__________
4. I have a_special_place in my heart for libraries.__________
5. I was always an_enthusiastic_reader,_sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.__________
6. My first job was working at_the_Ukiah_Library when I was 16 years old.__________
7. It's hard to_tell exactly how many people agree with him.__________
8. Smiling is a result of having fun.__________
9. People with a history of such injuries might want to_be_cautious in adopting the sport.__________
10. The room was in_total_darkness．__________
二、 完成句子
1. 这会提醒你在为什么而努力，并让你保持专注。
This will __________ __________ __________ what you are working for and __________ __________ __________.
2. 在你设定了一个目标之后，坚持它并朝目标努力是很重要的。
After __________ __________ __________ __________, it is important to __________ __________ __________ and work hard towards it.
3. 你可能会发现实现目标很困难，但是你不应该放弃。
You may __________ __________ __________ __________, but you should not give up.
4. 更多地凭借情感而非理智做重要决定，你迟早会后悔的。
__________ an important decision __________ __________ emotion than on reason, you will regret it __________ __________ __________.
5. 因为你的行动，你的梦想将会实现，并且你有希望过上幸福的生活。
__________ __________ __________ __________ your action, your dream __________ __________ __________ and hopefully you will live a happy life.
6. 此次讨论集中在三个主要问题上。
The discussion __________ __________ three main problems.
7. 我穿着新溜冰鞋，努力保持平衡。
I struggled to __________ __________ __________ on my new skates.
8. 观众们因他在舞台上有趣的表演而感到愉快。
The audience __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ performance on the stage.
【提升素养】
一、 阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(2023南通通州期中)Conflict(冲突) between parents and children is normal. It is part of family life. But conflict that goes on for a long time and gets worse over time can cause stress and can hurt relationships. It is important to communicate with each other and bring conflict to a peaceful solution. You can do this through compromise(让步) or by agreeing to disagree. No matter what else you do, communicate with your children and make sure they know that you love them. This can make dealing with conflict easier and more effective.
In some cases, you may have to change your behaviour to settle a conflict with your child. Some of your child's behaviour may be a reaction to your behaviour. So, if you want your child to behave in a certain way, one way may be to change your behaviour so that your child will follow your model.
But children should be responsible for their own actions—and the results. All parents want to protect their children. But in some cases, unless the child is in physical danger, it may be best to let the child deal with the negative results of things they do.
Collaborate(合作) to develop specific rules and write them down. These may include statements such as how much time they can spend on electronics, and when homework must be completed. Not only are you modeling for your kids how to work together and resolve differences, but you are also working out important guidelines for how your house will operate.
Have clear results for misconduct. Thus, if your child disobeys the rules, make it clear that the right to use the toy will be taken away because of his inability to play with it responsibly. Additionally, create routines so that they know when they have free time to themselves after they have completed tasks set out for them. These could include helping feed the family pet, taking a shower, or finishing homework.
( ) 1. What's the key to solving the conflict between parents and children
A. Advising children to give in. B. Changing behaviour.
C. Reaching an understanding. D. Developing rules.
( ) 2. Why do parents need to change their behaviour first in the conflict
A. To compromise with their children. B. To be responsible for their actions.
C. To find a reason to punish children. D. To set a good example for children.
( ) 3. What should parents do if the child causes something bad to happen
A. Teach him how to solve it. B. Handle the situation for him.
C. Let him deal with it himself. D. Share the solutions with him.
( ) 4. What does the underlined word “misconduct” in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Improper behaviour. B. Strict rules.
C. Good performances. D. Frank words.
二、 七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2023南京江宁期末)Social networking websites enforce the idea that it's important to stay connected to be happy and achieve success. However, the opportunity to spend time with yourself allows you to look inward and find direction to your life.
Depend on yourself.
__1__ Other people help you get a neutral(中立的) opinion, but your ability to make the final decisions takes you a long way. Some always fear to be all alone, because they don't notice that being alone helps you learn to depend upon yourself. It paves new ways for success, as you no longer need to be around those who offer their advice which is valuable but takes away the opportunity to be self dependent.
__2__
A busy routine prevents you from looking at your life from a distance. Sometimes it is important to sit back and analyze your options and the progress you have made so far. __3__
Learn to value yourself.
Being alone gives you the chance to value your needs and requirements. Most people spend all their lives trying to make other people happy. Others believe that nothing but worldly possessions and a bunch of friends can give them happiness. __4__ Spending time alone helps you learn to be nice to yourself and know that you are above everything else. There is no need to sacrifice your dreams simply because other people do not approve of them. __5__
Being alone gives you an opportunity to explore the unknown side to your personality, which is truly awesome. A true acceptance of who you are enables you to spread love all around you.
A. Observe things closely.
B. Regain your confidence.
C. This is not true at all.
D. You should believe in yourself and live life to the fullest.
E. The right decision is the one made by yourself.
F. You learn to rely on your own abilities to make progress when alone.
G. This can help you to achieve moments of clarity(清晰) and make good decisions in the future.
1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________
三、 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2023无锡锡东高级中学期中)I always described myself as a perfectionist. To me, it meant that I had high __1__. I cared about everything I did and always did my best.
__2__， then I started to notice that I was a quitter, not a trier. I __3__ anything I wasn't immediately good at. Each time I made a __4__， no matter how small, I dropped that task or interest. I was so afraid of __5__； I wasn't even trying anymore.
Actually there was so much I __6__ to try, but I never had a go at them. What if I failed The idea was so __7__ that it was easier to leave it as an unknown.
Then one day I spotted an art supply store when I went outside a shopping center. Before I could__8__ myself, I bought a tiny set of paints, some paper and brushes.
I headed home full of __9__， opened them up, and started painting. And the results were really bad. __10__， I pushed everything into a drawer(抽屉) and decided to forget the idea. But later I got the paints back and started again. I was still poor at painting, but my__11__ this time wasn't reduced. I decided to share my progress on social media!
Now, three years later, I paint almost every day and have __12__ my own art business. I regularly fail and make a mess, but I __13__ give up. Even better, I'm constantly trying new subjects. I've had experiences that a few years ago I couldn't have __14__. I just keep going. Now I'm no longer __15__ perfection; I'm simply enjoying the process.
( ) 1. A. rates B. qualities C. standards D. degrees
( ) 2. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. Otherwise
( ) 3. A. brought out B. ended up C. got over D. gave up
( ) 4. A. difference B. comment C. mistake D. decision
( ) 5. A. failure B. danger C. harm D. shame
( ) 6. A. pressed B. struggled C. managed D. desired
( ) 7. A. unaffordable B. unbearable C. unbelievable D. unsuitable
( ) 8. A. trick B. target C. prevent D. question
( ) 9. A. expectations B. achievements C. beliefs D. memories
( )10. A. Frightened B. Stressed C. Concerned D. Low spirited
( )11. A. reflection B. motivation C. responsibility D. ability
( )12. A. brought up B. signed up C. built up D. picked up
( )13. A. never B. also C. even D. ever
( )14. A. ignored B. prepared C. considered D. imagined
( )15. A. acquiring B. seeking C. concentrating D. completing
第3练 Grammar and usage
【夯实基础】
一、 1. 主语 2. 谓语 3. 定语 4. 宾语 5. 表语
6. 状语 7. 主语 8. 主语 9. 宾语 10. 表语
二、 1. remind you of; keep you focused 2. you set a goal; stick to it 3. find achieving goals difficult 4. Basing; more on; sooner or later 5. As a result of; will come true 6. focuses on/upon 7. keep my balance 8. was/were amused by his amusing
【提升素养】
一、 1—4 CDCA
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何解决父母和孩子之间的冲突。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is important to communicate with each other and bring conflict to a peaceful solution.”和“No matter what else you do, communicate with your children and make sure they know that you love them.”可知，解决父母和孩子冲突的关键是互相沟通和理解。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“So, if you want your child to behave in a certain way, one way may be to change your behaviour so that your child will follow your model.”可知，父母首先需以身作则，以给孩子树立榜样。
3. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But in some cases, unless the child is in physical danger, it may be best to let the child deal with the negative results of things they do.”可知，如果孩子引发了不好的事情，除非危及生命，父母应让孩子自己去处理。
4. A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Thus, if your child disobeys the rules, make it clear that the right to use the toy will be taken away because of his inability to play with it responsibly.”可知，本段是说要明确告知孩子不当行为的后果，misconduct意为“不当行为”。
二、 1—5 FAGCD
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了独处的益处。
1. F 根据上文“However, the opportunity to spend time with yourself allows you to look inward and find direction to your life.”可知，文章主要从几方面论述了独处的意义。根据第一个小标题“Depend on yourself.”以及下文“… being alone helps you learn to depend upon yourself. It paves new ways for success …”可知，这一段主要论述了独处可以帮助我们养成依靠自己的习惯。F项“当你独处时，你学会了依靠自己的能力来取得进步。”符合语境，其中“rely on your own abilities”和“alone”呼应主题。
2. A 空处是段落小标题。根据下文“A busy routine prevents you from looking at your life from a distance. Sometimes it is important to sit back and analyze your options and the progress you have made so far.”可知，这一段主要论述独处可以使我们更好地反思、审视自己的生活。A项“仔细地观察事情。”符合这一段的中心思想。
3. G 上文“A busy routine prevents you from looking at your life from a distance. Sometimes it is important to sit back and analyze your options and the progress you have made so far.”论述了我们需要审视和反思自己的生活。G项“这可以帮你看清一些问题，在未来做出更好的决定。”说明了这样做的好处，并总结上文，符合语境。
4. C 上文“Others believe that nothing but worldly possessions and a bunch of friends can give them happiness.”提到一些人认为只有世俗的财产和众多的朋友才能为他们带来快乐；下文“Spending time alone helps you learn to be nice to yourself and know that you are above everything else.”提到要学会善待自己，要知道自己高于一切。由此可知，上文的观点和作者的观点相悖。C项“这完全不是真的。”承上启下，符合语境。
5. D 上文“There is no need to sacrifice your dreams simply because other people do not approve of them.”提到没有必要仅仅因为他人不赞同而牺牲自己的梦想。由此推知，这里承接上文提出我们应当相信自己。D项“你应该相信自己，充实地生活。”符合语境。
三、 1—5 CBDCA 6—10 DBCAD 11—15 BCADB
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者从追求完美，轻言放弃且不敢尝试到虽然经常犯错却不会放弃，学会享受过程，不再追求事事完美的改变。
1. C 句意：对我来说，这意味着我有很高的标准。rates速度，比率；qualities质量；standards标准；degrees程度。根据上文“I always described myself as a perfectionist.”可知，作者是一个完美主义者，所以应是对做事情有很高的标准。
2. B 句意：然而，然后我开始注意到我是一个放弃者，而不是一个尝试者。Therefore因此；However然而；Moreover此外；Otherwise否则。上文提到作者是个完美主义者，与下文“然后我开始注意到我是一个放弃者，而不是一个尝试者”之间是转折关系。
3. D 句意：我放弃了所有我不能立刻擅长的东西。brought out出版，生产；ended up结束；got over克服；gave up放弃。根据上文“I was a quitter”可知，作者放弃自己不擅长的东西。
4. C 句意：每次我犯了一个错误，无论多么小，我都放弃那个任务或兴趣。difference差异；comment评论，意见；mistake错误；decision决定。根据下文“I dropped that task or interest”可知，此处指每当犯了错误，作者就放弃任务。
5. A 句意：我太害怕失败了；我甚至都不再尝试了。failure失败；danger危险；harm伤害；shame羞耻。根据下文“I wasn't even trying anymore”可知，作者是害怕失败，所以不敢尝试任何事情。下文“What if I failed？”也是提示。
6. D 句意：事实上，我想尝试的东西太多了，但我从来没有尝试过。pressed压，挤；struggled挣扎，奋斗；managed管理，勉力完成；desired渴望。此处与下文“but I never had a go at them”是转折关系，所以这里指作者有很多想要尝试的事情，但是从来没有行动过。
7. B 句意：这个想法是如此难以忍受，所以还是把它当作一个未知的东西留在那里比较容易。unaffordable支付不起的；unbearable难以忍受的；unbelievable难以置信的；unsuitable不合适的。根据上文“What if I failed？”及下文“it was easier to leave it as an unknown”可知，作者难以忍受会失败的想法，所以不去尝试任何事情，把它们都留作未知。
8. C 句意：我还没来得及阻止自己，就买了一小套颜料、一些纸和画笔。trick欺骗；target把……作为目标；prevent阻止；question提问。根据下文“I bought a tiny set of paints, some paper and brushes”可知，此处指作者还没来得及阻止自己，就买了一些作画材料，即冲动之下买了一堆作画的材料。
9. A 句意：我满怀期待地回到家，打开它们，开始画画。expectations期望；achievements成就；beliefs信念；memories记忆。根据下文“opened them up, and started painting”可知，作者买了画画的工具后应是满怀期待地回到家开始作画。
10. D 句意：情绪低落的我，把所有东西都塞进抽屉里，决定忘掉这个念头。Frightened害怕的；Stressed紧张的；Concerned担心的；Low spirited无精打采的。根据上文“And the results were really bad.”可知，结果不如人意，所以作者应是无精打采地把东西都收起来。
11. B 句意：我画画还是很差，但这次我的动力并没有减弱。reflection反映；motivation动力；responsibility责任；ability能力。根据转折词“but”及下文“I decided to share my progress on social media！”可知，虽然还是不擅长画画，但作者的动力没有减弱，决心继续画。
12. C 句意：三年后的今天，我几乎每天都在画画，并建立了自己的艺术事业。brought up养育；signed up报名；built up建立，逐步增长；picked up捡起。根据上文“I paint almost every day”可知，作者每天都画画，逐步建立起自己的艺术事业。
13. A 句意：我经常失败，把事情弄得一团糟，但我从不放弃。never从未；also也；even甚至；ever曾经。根据转折词“but”及下文“Even better, I'm constantly trying new subjects.”可知，虽然经常失败，但是作者从没有放弃，这里强调和以前总是放弃的对比。
14. D 句意：我有了几年前我无法想象的经历。ignored忽视；prepared准备；considered考虑；imagined想象。根据上文“Even better, I'm constantly trying new subjects.”可知，作者现在不仅不会轻言放弃，还会尝试新事物，这是几年前无法想象的改变。
15. B 句意：现在我不再追求完美；我只是在享受这个过程。acquiring获得；seeking寻找，寻求；concentrating集中注意力；completing完成。根据下文“I'm simply enjoying the process”可知，作者现在享受做事情的过程，不再追求完美。第2练 Welcome to the unit & Reading(Ⅱ)
【夯实基础】
一、 单词拼写
1. P__________ and negative experiences can both help to form a child's character.
2. It's our duty to teach children to love all people e__________．
3. She has a__________ a good knowledge of English in the past few years.
4. Students should spend more time taking part in after class a__________．
5. As we all know, Canada and America are both countries rich in natural r__________．
6. There will be many difficult and __________(有挑战性的) days ahead.
7. The newspapers described her as a __________(有前途的) young singer.
8. I will realize my full __________(潜力) to prepare for my bright future.
9. I can gain work experience and __________(信心) when dealing with problems.
10. He had Mickey Mouse or some other cartoon __________(人物) on his shirt.
二、 完成句子
1. 令我惊讶的是，他在这么短的时间内就把这道数学题算出来了。
__________ __________ __________, he has worked out the maths problem in such a short time.
2. 事实上，人的每一根头发都以不同的速度生长。
In fact, man's every hair grows __________ __________ __________ __________.
3. 在成长过程中，青少年会经历一些身体变化、烦恼和痛苦。
When growing up, teenagers will __________ __________ __________ __________ __________, worries and pains.
4. 老话说得好：“有志者，事竟成。”
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
5. 简单地说，我们还欠他们2 000英镑。
__________ __________, we still owe them ￡2，000.
6. 足够好地解决安全问题是非常重要的。
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ so important.
7. 父母应该积极督促孩子利用这个机会加入运动队。
Parents should actively urge their children __________ __________ __________ __________ the opportunity to join sports teams.
8. 我们以为这个考试很简单，但结果它很难。
We thought the exam was easy, but __________ __________ __________ __________ it was very difficult.
9. 我需要一个机会让自己冷静下来，把所有事情彻底想清楚。
I need a chance to __________ myself __________ and __________ __________ everything.
10. 一些青少年在成长过程中有着强烈的独立愿望。
Some teenagers grow up with __________ __________ __________ __________ independence.
【提升素养】
一、 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A(2023南通海安高级中学期中)
Visiting is a great way to get the feel of everyday life at Harvard College. Take the chance to meet our students and explore the Cambridge/Boston area. We know that many students will not be able to visit colleges before applying(申请). As an alternative, examining our website will give you a vast amount of information about Harvard's past, present, and future.
Summer Schedule(日程安排)
From June 22 to August 9, all admissions(招生) information sessions and tours will start at Sanders Theater in Memorial Hall, 45 Quincy Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature only one information session per day at 10：00 a．m., followed by a tour at 11：00 a．m., from Monday through Saturday. Information sessions and tours will not be offered on June 27, July 3, July 4, August 7 or August 8.
From August 10 to August 21, all admissions information sessions and tours will start at Agassiz House, 5 James Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature information sessions each weekday at 10：00 a．m. and 2：00 p．m., followed by tours of the campus at 11：00 a．m. and 3：00 p．m.
Registration(报名) is strongly recommended.
Information Sessions and Tours
Admissions tours last about 75 minutes and focus on undergraduate(本科生) life at Harvard. They are intended for students considering entrance to the College. For historical tours, visit the Harvard Information Center.
Please allow one hour before scheduled events to find parking and navigate your way across campus to Sanders Theater. Contact the Visitor Center at 617495 1551 with any questions.
Tour the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences(SEAS)
Take a student led tour focused on Harvard's undergraduate programs in engineering and applied sciences.(Groups of 10 or more must email communications@fas.harvard.edu to schedule a separate tour.) Tours last about 60 minutes. For our current schedule, please refer to our Visitor Center Calendar.
Virtual Tour of Harvard College
Take our online guided tour to see the Harvard campus at any time, from any location. Student guides lead you through the places in which they live and learn including dorm rooms, classrooms, Widener Library, the freshman dining hall and more.
( ) 1. On which date can you attend the information session and go on the campus tour
A. June 27. B. July 4.
C. August 9. D. August 22.
( ) 2. Who are Harvard's admissions tours intended for
A. Exchange students from abroad.
B. Undergraduates studying at the college.
C. Students considering applying for the college.
D. Those who are interested in the history of the college.
( ) 3. On a Harvard's SEAS tour, ________．
A. you are required to register ahead of time
B. groups of 10 or more are not permitted to sign up together
C. you're advised to take the college's online guided tour first
D. you can check Visitor Center Calendar to learn about its schedule
B
Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor, Niccolo Filippi, a 23 year old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms and believes that this experience will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance.
His interest in diversifying his skills grew after he stumbled upon a short video of traditional Chinese styled dance on YouTube. “I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it，” says Filippi.
Ever since, he has been closely following Chinese dance performers and watching numerous videos to learn more about the traditional style that he admires. “I prefer the traditional style because of its light movements. It also reflects my personality with elegance，” he adds.
Filippi's chance came when he was invited to perform for a Chinese New Year celebration in the central Italian city of Florence. He has since fully committed himself to the art form, learning several pieces and putting his newfound passion into practice.
“The biggest difference that I found (compared to other disciplines) is the change of mood and emotional expressions among dances，” says Filippi, adding that he needed to shift from the dynamic moves of hip hop to the graceful and fluid movements of Chinese dance. Despite various obstacles, Filippi's efforts have not gone unnoticed. Two of his friends shared videos of his performances on social media, and the response was overwhelming. One video garnered(得到) 500，000 views, while the other received 200，000 views.
Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth. “I like to think of a person as a book，” he says. “Embracing different traditions and cultures, such as Chinese culture and many others, is like adding new chapters to my book, making it more diverse and wonderful.”
( ) 4. What is the main reason why Filippi falls in love with traditional Chinese dance
A. Its potential to boost his career.
B. Its mix of traditional and modern elements.
C. Its graceful and light movements.
D. Its true reflection of his elegant personality.
( ) 5. How does the author illustrate the popularity of Filippi's videos
A. By listing numbers. B. By giving an example.
C. By sharing a story. D. By making a comparison.
( ) 6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Filippi thinks little of learning from other cultures.
B. People prefer to write down their past experiences.
C. Accepting various cultures boosts personal growth.
D. A book with chapters on traditions is more wonderful.
( ) 7. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Chinese styled dance videos go viral on social media.
B. An Italian's dance journey towards specialization starts.
C. Filippi's desire for Chinese culture extends beyond dance.
D. An Italian dancer shows passion for Chinese styled dance.
二、 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was in high school, I was __1__ and always felt depressed. At that time, playing basketball was the only thing that could make me happy. Unfortunately, __2__， I broke my leg in a street basketball match one summer evening.
The doctor said that I had to stay in bed for three months because of this __3__. Three months, far away from my beloved basketball! It was so __4__！
I could do nothing to __5__ the time but return to my love in primary school: painting and drawing. My mother managed to acquire such drawing __6__ as paints and brushes, along with drawing books and pencils. This, of course, __7__ my range of expression and allowed me to have a greater choice of subjects. After the first few weeks of uncertainty and __8__， I settled down with my new pastime(消遣). I painted every day upstairs in the bedroom, __9__ by myself.
I would sit on the bed for hours, all my paints and brushes around me and I would get Mother or Father to __10__ the finished pictures on the wall.
Slowly, I began to __11__ from my leg injury as well as my earlier depression. I had a feeling of pure __12__ while I painted, a feeling I hadn't had for a long time. I didn't __13__ going out to play basketball now, for I had something to keep my mind __14__. Each day became a thing to __15__， a thing to lift me above myself.
( ) 1. A. in full measure B. in low spirits
C. in the wrong D. in great pressure
( ) 2. A. therefore B. instead C. however D. rather
( ) 3. A. emergency B. surgery C. adventure D. treatment
( ) 4. A. memorable B. desirable C. admirable D. horrible
( ) 5. A. kill B. balance C. ignore D. skip
( ) 6. A. facilities B. options C. designs D. materials
( ) 7. A. advanced B. challenged C. broadened D. exchanged
( ) 8. A. independence B. awkwardness C. eagerness D. curiosity
( ) 9. A. completely B. extremely C. definitely D. immediately
( )10. A. concentrate B. strike C. stick D. count
( )11. A. suffer B. recover C. escape D. heal
( )12. A. amazement B. confidence C. joy D. strength
( )13. A. remain B. remind C. mind D. miss
( )14. A. energetic B. interested C. effective D. active
( )15. A. look forward to B. live up to
C. come up with D. end up with
第2练 Welcome to the unit & Reading(Ⅱ)
【夯实基础】
一、 1. Positive 2. equally 3. acquired 4. activities 5. resources 6. challenging
7. promising 8. potential 9. confidence 10. characters
二、 1. To my amazement 2. at a different rate 3. go through some physical changes
4. As an old saying goes 5. Put simply 6. Solving the safety problem well enough is
7. to take advantage of 8. it turned out that 9. calm; down; think through
10. a strong desire for
【提升素养】
一、 1—3 CCD 4—7 BACD
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些哈佛学院的参观活动。
1. C 细节理解题。根据Summer Schedule部分中“From June 22 to August 9, all … will not be offered on June 27, July 3, July 4, August 7 or August 8.”以及“From August 10 to August 21, all … Cambridge，MA.”并结合选项可知，在8月9日可以参加招生信息会议和校园参观活动。
2. C 细节理解题。根据Information Sessions and Tours部分中“They are intended for students considering entrance to the College.”可知，哈佛学院的招生之旅旨在为考虑进入该学院的学生准备。
3. D 细节理解题。根据Tour the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences(SEAS)部分中“For our current schedule, please refer to our Visitor Center Calendar.”可知，游客可以查看游客中心日历以了解其日程安排。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是意大利舞蹈演员Niccolo Filippi探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it，’ says Filippi.”可知，Filippi爱上中国传统舞蹈的主要原因是它融合了传统和现代元素。
5. A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Two of his friends shared videos of his performances on social media, and the response was overwhelming. One video garnered(得到) 500，000 views, while the other received 200，000 views.”可推知，作者通过列出数字说明Filippi的视频的受欢迎程度。
6. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth.”可推知，接受不同的文化能促进个人成长。
7. D 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Having spent more … will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance.”可知，本文主要讲的是意大利舞蹈演员Niccolo Filippi探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野。D项“一位意大利舞者对中国风舞蹈表现出热情”能够概括本文主旨。
二、 1—5 BCADA 6—10 DCBAC 11—15 BCDDA
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高中时，经常精神沮丧，篮球是唯一让作者高兴的事情。但不幸的是，作者在一次篮球比赛的时候摔断了腿，不得不在家躺三个月。为了消磨时间，作者重拾小学时的爱好——画画。慢慢地，作者走出了抑郁，变得积极起来。
1. B 句意：当我在高中的时候，我精神不振，总是感到沮丧。in full measure最大程度地；in low spirits情绪低落；in the wrong负有责任，应受责备；in great pressure压力很大。根据下文“always felt depressed”可知，作者总是沮丧，精神不振。
2. C 句意：然而，不幸的是，一个夏天的晚上，我在街头篮球比赛中摔断了腿。therefore因此；instead代替；however然而；rather相当。根据上文“At that time, playing basketball was the only thing that could make me happy.”可知，在作者情绪低落时，打篮球是唯一让他快乐的事情，但是他却在一次篮球比赛时摔断了腿，因此上下文是转折关系。
3. A 句意：医生说，因为这种突发事件，我不得不在床上躺三个月。emergency突发事件；surgery外科手术；adventure冒险；treatment治疗。根据上文“I broke my leg in a street basketball match one summer evening”可知，打篮球摔断腿是突发事件。
4. D 句意：它是如此恐怖！memorable难忘的；desirable令人向往的；admirable令人钦佩的；horrible恐怖的。根据上文“At that time, playing basketball was the only thing that could make me happy.”和“Three months, far away from my beloved basketball！”可知，打篮球是唯一让作者高兴的事情，但是却要远离篮球三个月，因此作者认为这是恐怖的。
5. A 句意：我没有办法消磨时间，只能重拾小学时的爱好：绘画和素描。kill杀死；balance平衡；ignore忽视；skip跳过，略过。根据下文“but return to my love in primary school: painting and drawing”可知，作者没有什么可以消磨时间的，只能重拾小时候的爱好。kill the time意为“消磨时间”。
6. D 句意：我妈妈设法弄到了颜料、画笔等绘画材料，还有画册和铅笔。facilities设备；options选择；designs设计；materials材料。根据下文“as paints and brushes, along with drawing books and pencils”可知，这些都是绘画用的材料。
7. C 句意：当然，这拓宽了我的表达范围，让我有更多的主题选择。advanced促进；challenged挑战；broadened变宽，增长(经验、知识等)；exchanged交换。根据下文“allowed me to have a greater choice of subjects”可知，绘画拓宽了作者的表达范围，他有了更多的选择。
8. B 句意：在最初几周的不确定和别扭之后，我在新的消遣中安顿下来。independence独立；awkwardness尴尬；eagerness渴望；curiosity好奇心。and连接意义相近的词，且根据“uncertainty”可判断，awkwardness符合语境。
9. A 句意：我每天都在楼上的卧室里画画，完全是自己一个人。completely完全地；extremely极度；definitely明确地；immediately立即。根据上文“I settled down with my new pastime(消遣)”和下文“I would sit on the bed for hours, all my paints and brushes around me”可推断，作者安心作画，完全独自一人在楼上卧室里的床上一坐几个小时。
10. C 句意：我会在床上一坐就是几个小时，所有的颜料和画笔都在我周围，我让妈妈或爸爸把画好了的画贴在墙上。concentrate集中；strike碰撞，打；stick粘贴；count数数，重要。根据常识和下文“the finished pictures on the wall”可知，作者让妈妈或爸爸把他完成的画贴在墙上。
11. B 句意：慢慢地，我开始从腿部受伤和早期的抑郁中恢复过来。suffer受苦；recover恢复；escape逃跑；heal痊愈。根据下文“I had a feeling of pure __12__ while I painted, a feeling I hadn't had for a long time.”可知，作者开始从腿部受伤和早期的抑郁中恢复。
12. C 句意：当我画画的时候，我有一种纯粹的快乐，一种我很久没有过的感觉。amazement惊奇；confidence自信；joy高兴；strength力量。根据上文“always felt depressed”和下文“a feeling I hadn't had for a long time”可推断，作者不再沮丧，应是有了快乐的感觉。
13. D 句意：现在我不怀念出去打篮球的日子了，因为我有东西可以让我的头脑保持活跃。remain保持不变；remind提醒；mind介意；miss思念。根据下文“for I had something to keep my mind __14__”和“a thing to lift me above myself”可推断，作者现在画画很快乐，不再思念打篮球的日子。
14. D 句意见上题解析。energetic精力充沛的；interested感兴趣的；effective有效的；active积极的。根据下文“Each day became a thing to __15__， a thing to lift me above myself.”可知，作者现在每天都有事情做，是活跃的。
15. A 句意：每一天都成为一件值得期待的事，一件让我超越自我的事。look forward to渴望；live up to不辜负；come up with提出；end up with以……结束。根据下文“a thing to lift me above myself”可推断，让作者超越自我的事情应是作者期待的。
解答单词填空题，重在灵活应用。要注意：
1. 理解整句，把握完整的语句含义；
2. 注意动词时态、词性、人称和数；
3. 将基本用法熟记于心。第5练 Extended reading & Project(Ⅰ)
【夯实基础】
一、 词性转换
1. relax vt. & vi. → ________n. 2. option n. →________ adj.
3. fortunately adv. → ________adj. 4. encourage vt. → ________n.
5. biology n. →________adj. 6. contribution n. → ________vt. & vi.
7. tough adj. →________ adv. 8. alarm n. & vt. →________ adj.
9. attract vt. → ________n. → ________adj.
10. fantastic adj. →________n. →________adv.
二、 选择方框内的短语，并用其适当形式填空
move on to; make efforts to; lay out; make friends with; focus on; put together; get on well with; put on; can't wait to; be used to
1. He ________________ my kind help these years but never shows any gratitude to me.
2. A new play ________________ at the Capital Theatre last week.
3. She was quick and bright, and soon, a delicious dinner was ________________.
4. He ________________ do that to make his dream come true.
5. I ________________ many people who like to play basketball.
6. As students, we should ________________ what we should do now.
7. He ________________ tell me about the good news to have been admitted into Beijing University.
8. He has more money than the rest of us ________________.
9. He ________________ other people and can work as part of a team.
10. Soon after, they ________________ a larger farm and in time decided to live there forever.
【提升素养】
一、 阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(2023南通海安高级中学期中)Ants know when an earthquake is about to strike, researchers have discovered. Their behavior changes greatly before the quake and they resume normal functioning only a day after it. Gabriele Berberich of the University of Duisburg Essen in Germany presented these findings according to Live Science.
Berberich and her team discovered that red wood ants preferred to build their homes right along active faults(断层) in Germany. They counted 15，000 mounds(土堆) lining the faults. These faults are the places where the earth breaks in earthquakes.
Using a special camera that tracked changes in activity, Berberich and her team tracked the ants round the clock for three years. They found that the ants' behavior changed only when the quake was over magnitude 2.0. There were 10 earthquakes with magnitudes between 2.0 and 3.2 during this period, and many smaller ones. Humans can also sense quakes over magnitude 2.0 only.
According to Berberich, normal ant activity is made up of going about collecting food during the day and resting in the night. But before an earthquake, the ants didn't go back to their mound in the night and moved around outside it. This strange behavior continued till a day after the earthquake, Berberich told a news conference, according to Live Science.
How do ants know an earthquake is coming Berberich suggested that they could either be picking up changing gases or noting small changes in the Earth's magnetic fields(磁场). “Red wood ants have special cells which can sense changes in carbon dioxide levels. They also have special cells for discovering electromagnetic fields，” she said. Berberich and her team are planning to continue the research in areas where there are more and bigger earthquakes.
( ) 1. What does the underlined word “resume” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Present. B. Avoid.
C. Quit. D. Recover.
( ) 2. What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To explain a finding.
B. To introduce the topic.
C. To make the text interesting.
D. To tell how to predict an earthquake.
( ) 3. What happens to the ants before an earthquake
A. They are too excited to rest.
B. They don't collect their food.
C. They get lost on their way back home.
D. They don't go inside their mound in the night.
( ) 4. What can be learned about the ants from the passage
A. They can only sense smaller earthquakes.
B. They may have two ways to predict earthquakes.
C. The result of the research is completely reliable.
D. They can be depended on to warn people of earthquakes.
二、 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2023南通崇川期中)It was a cold winter evening in an unfamiliar city. My car had broken down, and disappointment was slowly replacing the __1__ of my road trip. As I stood on the sidewalk, a stranger __2__ towards me.
“Do you need any help？” he asked. I explained my situation. Immediately, he __3__ to call a tow truck(拖车) for me. As we waited, we started a(n) __4__ and I learned he was a local named David.
David's __5__ went beyond what was expected. He lent me his coat to keep __6__ and even invited me to a nearby cafe for a hot drink. I realized how __7__ I was to have come across such a kind stranger.
During our conversation, David __8__ stories of similar experiences in the past. He believed in the __9__ of kindness to bring people together. When I saw his __10__ belief in humanity(人性), my belief was also recovered.
When the tow truck __11__， I thanked David from the bottom of my heart. He __12__ smiled and said, “We all need a little kindness in our life. Pay it forward when you __13__ the chance.”
As I continued my journey after that __14__ experience, a sense of appreciation and awareness filled my heart. The kindness of strangers can truly make a difference in someone's life, serving as a __15__ that there is goodness in the world, waiting to be shared.
( ) 1. A. excitement B. anxiety C. astonishment D. regret
( ) 2. A. pointed B. advanced C. jumped D. escaped
( ) 3. A. failed B. refused C. offered D. pretended
( ) 4. A. battle B. argument C. operation D. conversation
( ) 5. A. confidence B. explanation C. potential D. kindness
( ) 6. A. calm B. healthy C. warm D. full
( ) 7. A. lucky B. secure C. normal D. unique
( ) 8. A. shared B. rated C. created D. applied
( ) 9. A. promise B. power C. decision D. quality
( )10. A. passive B. strong C. flexible D. rough
( )11. A. arrived B. gathered C. circled D. landed
( )12. A. carefully B. awkwardly C. slightly D. uneasily
( )13. A. miss B. get C. understand D. remember
( )14. A. uncomfortable B. horrible C. shallow D. unexpected
( )15. A. proposal B. medium C. reminder D. poster
三、 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Longjing tea, 1.________ has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its color, taste and shape, 2.________(name) after its production region—Longjing Village of West Lake. The good environment and water resources have contributed much to the 3.________ (grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that “Longjing tea is the 4.________ (good) among all of the teas in the world”．
Thanks 5.________ Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the tea has earned a high reputation. The story went that Emperor Qianlong visited the mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at 6.________ foot of the mountain. He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself. While 7.________(pick) the tea, he received the news of his mother's illness, so he carelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and 8.________(leave) Hangzhou for Beijing. He visited his mother 9.________(immediate) upon his arrival in Beijing, and his mother smelt the fragrance of the tea leaves from his sleeve and wanted to have a taste. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely 10.________(energy), and she even praised it as a cure for all ills. From then on, it was listed as the tribute tea.
第5练 Extended reading & Project(Ⅰ)
【夯实基础】
一、 1. relaxation 2. optional 3. fortunate 4. encouragement 5. biological
6. contribute 7. toughly 8. alarming/alarmed 9. attraction; attractive 10. fantasy; fantastically
二、 1. has been used to 2. was put on 3. laid out 4. makes efforts to 5. made friends with 6. focus on 7. couldn't wait to 8. put together 9. gets on well with 10. moved on to
【提升素养】
一、 1—4 DBDB
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对红木蚁的追踪研究发现，蚂蚁能预测地震的发生。
1. D 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Ants know when an earthquake is about to strike, researchers have discovered. Their behavior changes greatly before the quake and they resume normal functioning only a day after it.”可推知，蚂蚁的行为在地震前发生很大变化，震后就能恢复正常，故resume意为“恢复”，和recover同义。
2. B 推理判断题。第一段中“Ants know when an earthquake is about to strike, researchers have discovered.”提出了蚂蚁能预测地震的发生。接着第二段到最后一段介绍了Berberich和她的同事对红木蚁的追踪研究，得出了红木蚁是如何知道地震的来临。据此推知，第一段是为了引出本文的主题。
3. D 细节理解题。根据第四段中“But before an earthquake, the ants didn't go back to their mound in the night and moved around outside it.”可知，地震前蚂蚁在夜里不会进入它们的土丘。
4. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Berberich suggested that they could either be picking up changing gases or noting small changes in the Earth's magnetic fields(磁场). ‘Red wood ants have special cells which can sense changes in carbon dioxide levels. They also have special cells for discovering electromagnetic fields，’ she said.”可知，红木蚁有特殊的细胞，可以检测二氧化碳含量的变化。它们也有特殊的细胞来探测电磁场。据此可知，蚂蚁可能有两种方法来预测地震，即检测二氧化碳的变化和探测电磁场。
二、 1—5 ABCDD 6—10 CAABB 11—15 ACBDC
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在外旅行时车子意外坏掉，陌生人慷慨相助，作者深受感动的故事。
1. A 句意：我的车坏了，失望慢慢取代了我公路旅行的兴奋。excitement兴奋，激动；anxiety焦虑；astonishment惊讶；regret后悔。根据下文“of my road trip”可知，车子坏了，失望感慢慢取代了旅行的兴奋感。
2. B 句意：当我站在人行道上时，一个陌生人向我走来。pointed指向；advanced前进，行进；jumped跳；escaped逃跑。根据上文“As I stood on the sidewalk”以及下文“‘Do you need any help？’ he asked.”可知，作者站在路边，一位陌生人靠近作者询问是否需要帮助。
3. C 句意：他立即提出要为我叫一辆拖车。failed失败；refused拒绝；offered主动提出；pretended假装。根据上文“Do you need any help？”可知，陌生人询问作者是否需要帮助，在了解了作者的情况后应是主动提供帮助。
4. D 句意：等待的时候，我们聊了起来，我才知道他是当地人，名叫David。battle战斗；argument争论；operation手术；conversation对话。根据下文“I learned he was a local named David”可知，作者应是通过交谈得知他叫David，下文“During our conversation”也是提示。
5. D 句意：David的善良超出了预料。confidence信心；explanation解释；potential潜力；kindness善良，仁慈。上文提到David为作者叫拖车，结合下文“He lent me his coat”可知，David很善良，乐于助人，下文的“a kind stranger”也提到他是一个善良的人。
6. C 句意：他把外套借给我保暖，甚至邀请我去附近的咖啡馆喝热饮。calm冷静的；healthy健康的；warm温暖的；full满的。根据上文“He lent me his coat”可知，把外套给作者应是为了保暖。
7. A 句意：我意识到我是多么幸运，遇到了这样一个善良的陌生人。lucky幸运的；secure安全的；normal正常的；unique独特的。根据下文“to have come across such a kind stranger”可知，遇到一个善良的陌生人，作者应是感到幸运。
8. A 句意：在我们的谈话中，David分享了他过去类似经历的故事。shared分享；rated评价；created创造；applied申请。根据下文“stories of similar experiences in the past”可知，在两人的交谈中，David分享了他过去类似的经历。
9. B 句意：他相信善良的力量能把人们团结在一起。promise承诺；power力量；decision决定；quality质量。根据下文“to bring people together”可知，善良能让人们团结在一起，这是一种力量。
10. B 句意：当我看到他对人性的坚定信念时，我的信念也恢复了。passive被动的；strong坚定的，强烈的；flexible灵活的；rough粗糙的。根据上文“He believed in the power of kindness”以及下文“my belief was also recovered”可知，David坚信善良的力量，故此处指他对人性有如此坚定的信念，作者的信念才得以重建。
11. A 句意：当拖车到达时，我从心底感谢了David。arrived到达；gathered聚集；circled转圈；landed登陆。上文“call a tow truck(拖车) for me”提到David为作者叫了一辆拖车， 此处指拖车到达。
12. C 句意：他微微一笑，说：“我们的生活中都需要一点善意。”carefully仔细地；awkwardly尴尬地；slightly轻微地；uneasily不安地。根据上文“I thanked David from the bottom of my heart”可知，作者感谢David，面对感谢，他应是略带微笑地说。
13. B 句意：当你有机会的时候，把善意传递出去。miss错过；get得到；understand理解，明白；remember想起，记得。根据上文“Pay it forward”和下文的“chance”可知，此处指“有机会时把善意传下去”。
14. D 句意：当我在那次意外的经历后继续我的旅程时，一种感激和感悟充满了我的心。uncomfortable令人不适的；horrible恐怖的；shallow浅的；unexpected出乎意料的。结合上文内容可知，作者在陌生的城市车子坏了，遇到善良的陌生人提供帮助，故这是一次意料之外的经历。
15. C 句意：陌生人的善意可以真正影响一个人的生活，提醒他世界上有美好的东西等待着被分享。proposal建议；medium媒介；reminder提醒；poster海报。根据上文“The kindness of strangers can truly make a difference in someone's life”及语境可知，此处指陌生人的善意可以真正影响一个人的生活，提醒他世界上有美好的东西在等待着被分享。
三、 1. which 2. is named 3. growth 4. best 5. to 6. the 7. picking 8. left
9. immediately 10. energetic
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了龙井茶的历史。
1. which 考查定语从句。句意：龙井茶以其颜色、口味和形状位居中国十大名茶之首，得名于其产地——西湖龙井村。此处Longjing tea是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语。
2. is named 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意见上题解析。结合句意可知，句子用一般现在时态，句子主语Longjing tea是第三人称单数，和name之间是被动关系。
3. growth 考查名词。句意：良好的环境和水资源对茶叶的生长起到了很大的作用，证实了“龙井茶是世界上最好的茶”的说法。根据“the”可知，此空用名词形式作宾语。
4. best 考查形容词最高级。句意见上题解析。根据“the”以及句意可知，此空用最高级。
5. to 考查介词。句意：多亏了清朝乾隆皇帝，龙井茶赢得了很高的声誉。thanks to为固定搭配，意为“多亏了”。
6. the 考查冠词。句意：相传乾隆皇帝在杭州旅行时，曾到过这座山，他看到一些采茶女在山脚下采茶。at the foot of为固定搭配，意为“在……脚下”。
7. picking 考查状语从句的省略。句意：在采茶的时候，他收到了母亲生病的消息，所以他随手把叶子放进他的右袖里，离开杭州去了北京。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：While he was picking the tea，省略了 he was。
8. left 考查动词时态。句意见上题解析。此处与前文“put”作并列谓语，用过去式。
9. immediately 考查副词。句意：他一到北京就去看望了他的母亲，他的母亲从他的袖子里闻到了茶叶的香味，想要尝一尝。此处是副词作状语。
10. energetic 考查形容词。句意：喝了一杯茶后，她发现自己完全恢复了精神，她甚至称赞这是治愈一切疾病的良药。此处是“find＋宾语＋形容词”的结构，形容词作宾语补足语。第4练 Integrated skills
【夯实基础】
一、 选择方框内的短语，并用其适当形式填空
agree to; refer to; focus one's attention on; put pressure on; aim at；come true; be intended to; set goals; call for; (be) based on
1. Writing ________________ a critical attitude of mind that he did not possess.
2. The advertisements ________________ improve the company's image.
3. You should ________________ for yourself at the beginning of each school year.
4. The rules ________________ preventing accidents at work.
5. After his retirement, he can ________________ his personal interests.
6. Please ________________ the right hand column of Page 200 of this dictionary.
7. You'll be able to choose a room ________________ your own personal taste.
8. They ________________ lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.
9. His dream of becoming a university teacher has ________________.
10. Increased population growth ________________ the development of the city.
二、 完成句子
1. 我们抱着鼓励年轻作家的目的开展了此项竞赛。
The competition was started ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ young writers.
2. 她每月留出一半工资以备将来使用。
She ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ every month for the future use.
3. 她非常渴望成为舞者，但未达标。
She ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ be a dancer but failed to make the grade.
4. 我们在世界知识方面已经取得了巨大的进步。
We ________ ________ ________ ________ our knowledge of the world.
5. 这顿饭他吃起来就像是他所吃过的最美味的一餐。
He makes ________ ________ ________ ________ it were one of the best meals he has ever had!
6. 我们导师给的建议从各方面来说都很棒。
The proposal ________ ________ ________ our tutor is really excellent in all respects.
7. 我在考虑报名参加瑜伽课。
I'm thinking of ________ ________ ________ a yoga course.
8. 就面积和人口而论，它都是个小国。
It is a small country ________ ________ ________ both size and population.
9. 对于任何女孩而言，最重要的因素是拥有对她寄予厚望的父母。
The most important factor for any girl is having parents who ________ ________ ________ ________ her.
10. 你只需真诚，随后的任何事都会很顺利。
You just have to be sincere and then everything ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
【提升素养】
一、 阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(2023南通通州期中)For many years, a great number of scientists have accepted the idea that dinosaurs were killed by an asteroid(小行星), but another idea is now gaining attention. New research suggests that big volcanic eruptions(火山喷发) may have contributed to the end of dinosaurs.
About 66 million years ago, an asteroid hit the Earth. The impact caused earthquakes and tsunamis(very large sea waves). Many scientists believe this allowed about 75% of all plants and animals on the Earth to die off, including dinosaurs.
Now researchers from Dartmouth College in New Hampshire believe that the asteroid alone did not cause the mass extinction(灭绝) but that volcanoes may also have played a part. A team of scientists were studying the Deccan Plateau, a large mountainous area in southern India. They found signs of volcanic rock shaped into forms called basalt floods. Volcanic rocks are formed when a volcano erupts and sends out lava(岩浆), which then cools and becomes solid. Basalt floods are formed when either several small eruptions or one extremely large eruption floods huge areas of land with lava. These eruptions can block out the sun with ash(火山灰), stop plants from growing, and kill off animals' food supplies.
The scientists discovered that the basalt rocks formed at the time dinosaurs died out. This is a strong clue that a huge volcanic eruption could have contributed to the death of dinosaurs. The team called the eruption and asteroid a double punch, which had dinosaurs wiped out from the planet completely.
There have been several mass extinctions, including the one that killed dinosaurs. Some of the other extinctions were caused by volcanoes, which supports the new idea that a volcano could have been involved in this one. Brenhin Keller said it is difficult to be sure which volcanic eruption caused which mass extinction. But, Keller said, “The results make it hard to pay no attention to the role of volcanism in extinction.”
( ) 1. According to new research, what may contribute to the extinction of dinosaurs
A. Earthquakes. B. Volcanic eruptions.
C. Tsunamis. D. Asteroid impacts.
( ) 2. What does the third paragraph focus on
A. Why volcanic rocks are formed.
B. When dinosaurs became extinct.
C. Where volcanic eruptions happen.
D. How volcanoes killed dinosaurs.
( ) 3. Which strongly proved the new finding of dinosaur extinction
A. One extremely large volcano erupted with lava.
B. Dinosaurs died out when basalt rocks formed.
C. Volcano lava and ash were harmful to dinosaurs.
D. Many asteroids hit the Earth 66 million years ago.
( ) 4. What is Keller's attitude towards the new finding
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Negative.
二、 七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2023南通崇川期中)World Peace Day falls on September 21 every year. It's a day to lay down our guns in war areas. Some organizations provide care for the unfortunate people in these areas on World Peace Day when activities are organized to support world peace. __1__
Enjoy a minute of silence. At noon of the day, one minute of silence will be held worldwide. During that minute, fall silent and reflect on a more peaceful world. __2__ And honor those still fighting for peace.
Donate to charity. Many people are struggling for survival worldwide. Consider marking World Peace Day with a show of support. There are thousands of charities that are working for world peace, and global development. __3__ It will help many people in need.
__4__ Gather your friends, family, neighbors and also your “enemies” together, and have a World Peace Day picnic or a World Peace Day dinner. Enjoy yourselves while eating, drinking, dancing, talking and playing games. Strengthen your relationships and enjoy peace.
Plant a tree. Millions of people have planted trees for peace since the first World Peace Day. Trees are more than just a symbol of tolerance, patience and renewal(复苏). __5__ Many conflicts result from the worsening of our environment. Planting trees can help protect the environment and thus keep the peace.
A. Support one like the Red Cross.
B. Throw a World Peace Day party.
C. However, the world is not peaceful.
D. Remember those who lost their lives for peace.
E. Trees can also be used for shelter from the storm.
F. They have a practical purpose in keeping peace, too.
G. Here are a few simple ways to celebrate World Peace Day.
1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________
三、 应用文写作
(2023南通海安高级中学期中)假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Lisa给你发来一封邮件，说进入高中后，父母对她的学习期望太高，为此她感到压力很大。请你给她回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示理解并给予安慰；
2. 提出建议；
3. 表达美好祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Lisa，
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes，
Li Hua
第4练 Integrated skills
【夯实基础】
一、 1. calls for 2. are intended to 3. set goals 4. are aimed at 5. focus his attention on 6. refer to 7. based on 8. agreed to 9. come true 10. has put pressure on
二、 1. with the aim of encouraging 2. sets aside half of her salary 3. had a strong desire to 4. have advanced greatly in 5. it seem as if 6. put forward by 7. signing up for
8. in terms of 9. have high expectations for 10. will turn out all right
【提升素养】
一、 1—4 BDBA
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新的研究表明，与曾经普遍认为的“是小行星撞击地球导致恐龙的灭绝”的观点相悖，大规模的火山爆发才是导致恐龙灭绝的一个可能因素。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“New research suggests that big volcanic eruptions(火山喷发) may have contributed to the end of dinosaurs.”可知，新的研究表明，大规模的火山爆发可能导致了恐龙的灭绝。
2. D 段落大意题。根据第三段中“A team of scientists were … with ash(火山灰), stop plants from growing, and kill off animals' food supplies.”可知，第三段重点讲了火山爆发是如何杀死恐龙的。
3. B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The scientists discovered that the basalt rocks formed at the time dinosaurs died out. This is a strong clue that a huge volcanic eruption could have contributed to the death of dinosaurs.”可知，玄武岩形成时，恐龙灭绝了，这有力地证明了有关恐龙灭绝原因的新发现。
4. A 观点态度题。根据最后一段中“But, Keller said, ‘The results make it hard to pay no attention to the role of volcanism in extinction.’”可推知，Keller对这项新发现持赞成的态度。
二、 1—5 GDABF
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种庆祝世界和平日的方式。
1. G 上文“Some organizations provide care for the unfortunate people in these areas on World Peace Day when activities are organized to support world peace.”提到一些组织在世界和平日组织支持世界和平的活动，下文是庆祝世界和平日的具体方法，G项“这里有一些庆祝世界和平日的简单方法。”承上启下，符合语境。
2. D 上文“During that minute, fall silent and reflect on a more peaceful world.”提到在一分钟的默哀中思考一个更和平的世界，结合下文“And honor those still fighting for peace.”可知，D项“记住那些为和平而牺牲的人。”符合语境，和下文都是描述为和平而战斗的人。
3. A 根据本段主题句“Donate to charity.”可知，本段主要讲向慈善机构捐款，A项“支持红十字会这样的组织。”符合语境，下文“It will help many people in need.”描述这样做的好处。
4. B 根据下文“Gather your friends, family, neighbors and also your ‘enemies’ together, and have a World Peace Day picnic or a World Peace Day dinner.”可知，本段是说在世界和平日举办一个聚会，B项“举办世界和平日聚会。”符合语境。
5. F 根据上文“Trees are more than just a symbol of tolerance, patience and renewal(复苏).”可知，空处应是接着说树木还有什么作用或象征意义，F项“它们也有维护和平的实际目的。”符合语境，引起下文“Many conflicts result from the worsening of our environment. Planting trees can help protect the environment and thus keep the peace.”对树木如何有助于维护和平的具体解释。
三、 One possible version：
Dear_Lisa，
I am sorry to hear that you are going through a hard time at the moment. The truth is that a number of students are under stress when entering senior high school, so there is no need to feel anxious. Here I'd like to offer you some suggestions.
First, try to put yourself into your parents' shoes, then you will understand why they expect so much of you. Second, you could try communicating with your parents in a friendly way, which will help you reduce your stress. Last but not least, be confident about yourself, and everything will come out all right in the end.
I sincerely hope my suggestions will be of some help to you and improve your relationship with your parents. Looking forward to your early reply.
Best_wishes，
Li_Hua
针对应用文写作，要注意：
1. 词汇积累
困难的：hard、difficult；压力：stress、pressure；建议：suggestion、advice；真诚地：sincerely、genuinely
2. 句式拓展：简单句变复合句
原句：Here I'd like to offer you some useful suggestions.
拓展句：Here I'd like to offer you some suggestions that are useful.
参考高分句型：
1. The truth is that a number of students are under stress when entering senior high school, so there is no need to feel anxious.(运用了that引导的表语从句)
2. Second, you could try communicating with your parents in a friendly way, which will help you reduce your stress.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)Unit 1 Back to school
第1练 Welcome to the unit & Reading(Ⅰ)
【夯实基础】
一、 词性转换
1. responsible adj. →__________n. 2. potential n. & adj. →__________adv.
3. acquire vt. →__________n. 4. balance n. & vt. →__________adj.
5. confidence n. →__________adj. 6. challenge n. & vt. →__________adj.
7. independent adj. →__________opp. 8. individual n. & adj. →__________adv.
9. advance n. & vt. & vi. →__________adj.
10. amazing adj. →__________vt. →__________n.
二、 选择方框内的短语，并用其适当形式填空
lead to; make a difference; last but not least; in advance; realize one's full potential; lie in; make the most of; rise to
1. The subject of the meeting is announced ____________________.
2. I am a doctor and I love my work because it ____________________ to the lives of others.
3. The chief difficulty ____________________ finding a good opportunity nowadays.
4. I would like to thank my publisher, my editor and,____________________，my husband.
5. The children were not able to ____________________ that kind of matter.
6. All children should be encouraged to ____________________.
7. Your carelessness ____________________ so many mistakes in your job last week.
8. Now people are still trying to ____________________ natural solar energy to get power around the world.
【提升素养】
一、 阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(2023南通通州期中)Sometimes we fail to give enough attention to the heroes closest to us. That was the case with my family. My family knew my father had been a WWⅡ soldier. But because he didn't discuss his experience, we didn't dig too deeply.
We lost him this past Christmas and when sorting out(整理) his things at home, we discovered what a truly great hero he was. He was once in college and majored in engineering. At the beginning of the war, he was drafted into the army, responding to the call. Just a few years later, he honorably left the army and returned home. He had also been awarded the Purple Heart Medal, the Silver Star Medal and the Bronze Star Medal.
How I wish we had taken the time to learn more about his stories in the war! He would have answered questions if we had done a little research and known what to ask. Fortunately, there was one family member who took time to do just that. This cousin was interested in WWⅡ. And he researched the areas where my father served. We now know a small part of my father's story from this cousin. We learned that the Silver Star Medal was awarded to my father because he carried a wounded soldier to safety through a minefield(雷区). And he was once in several well known fights.
This year, Memorial Day has a deeper meaning for my family because we have known more about my father's service in the army. Many activities were held by my family in memory of my father. We're also grateful to that cousin who took the time to find out more.
I hope you can do the same while your heroes are still with you. Find out as much as you can. Even if they don't like to talk about their experiences and sacrifices(牺牲), chances are that they'll answer direct questions if you do a little digging. You'll be richly rewarded with a family story for generations to come.
( ) 1. The author knew his father was a great hero when .
A. he organized his father's things left
B. his cousin told him his father's story
C. they spent the past Christmas together
D. his father left the army with many honors
( ) 2. How did the author's father win the Silver Star Medal
A. By killing enemies in a minefield.
B. By keeping details in battles secret.
C. By saving a soldier from real danger.
D. By taking part in some famous fights.
( ) 3. Which of the following can best describe the author's father
A. Active and easygoing. B. Helpful and proud.
C. Fearless and talkative. D. Brave and modest.
( ) 4. What does the author suggest we do in the last paragraph
A. Share family stories with children. B. Dig more about heroes around us.
C. Show respect for national heroes. D. Be grateful to those helping us.
二、 七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2023南通海安高级中学期中)Your mind is very powerful. Yet, if you're like most people, you probably spend very little time reflecting on the way you think. After all, who thinks about thinking __1__
If you draw wrong conclusions about whom you are and what you're capable of doing, you'll limit your potential. Your thoughts are a catalyst(催化剂) for self perpetuating(自我持续的) cycles.__2__ So if you think you're a failure, you'll feel like a failure. Then, you'll act like a failure, which strengthens your belief that you must be a failure. I see this happen all the time in my office. Someone will come in saying, “I'm just not good enough to advance in my career.” That opinion leads her to feel discouraged and causes her to put in less effort. __3__
Once you draw a conclusion about yourself, you're likely to do two things: look for evidence that strengthens your belief and consider anything that runs against your belief unimportant. Someone who develops the belief that he's a failure, for example, will view each mistake as evidence that he's not good enough. __4__ Consider for a minute that it might not be your lack of talent or lack of skills that is holding you back. Instead, it might be your beliefs that keep you from performing at your peak(巅峰).
__5__ That's not to say positive thoughts have magical powers. But optimistic thoughts lead to productive acts, which increases your chances of a successful outcome.
A. When he does succeed, he'll owe it to luck.
B. Once that belief gets rooted in his mind, he will suffer a lot.
C. That lack of efforts prevents her from having a better career.
D. Creating a more positive thought can lead to better outcomes.
E. What you think influences how you feel and how you behave.
F. However, the way you think about yourself turns into your reality.
G. If you make an effort on purpose, you can learn to think more positively.
1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________
三、 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Finding time to exercise can be hard in our busy lives. So maybe it'll help 1.__________ there is “a best time” to exercise Could exercising at certain times help realize our fitness goals The answer is “yes”．
There are clear 2.__________(benefit) of exercising in the morning. Many of us have more free time 3.__________ (compare) with later in the day, and it may therefore be 4.__________(easy) for us to stick to a morning workout routine. A study found participants who exercised in the morning increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and 5.__________ (sleep) better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could also burn more fat and increase metabolism(新陈代谢), which means you'll continue to burn calories(卡路里) throughout the day.
So, good news for early birds, 6.__________ what if you're not a morning person Working out in the afternoon or evening also 7.__________ (have) benefits, just different ones. For example, your body's ability 8.__________(perform) is at its best in the afternoon. Additionally, in the afternoon and evening, your reaction time is quickest, and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest, which reduce your chance of injury while 9.__________ (improve) your performance.
So what time is best 10.__________ seems the answer is: whatever time is best for you!
Unit 1 Back to school 第1练 Welcome to the unit & Reading(Ⅰ)
【夯实基础】
一、 1. responsibility 2. potentially 3. acquirement/acquisition 4. balanced
5. confident 6. challenging 7. dependent 8. individually 9. advanced
10. amaze；amazement
二、 1. in advance 2. makes a difference 3. lies in 4. last but not least 5. rise to
6. realize their full potential 7. led to 8. make the most of
【提升素养】
一、 1—4 ACDB
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过挖掘曾为二战士兵的父亲的一些英雄事迹，建议人们挖掘更多关于身边英雄的信息。
1. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“We lost him this past Christmas and when sorting out(整理) his things at home, we discovered what a truly great hero he was.”可知，作者通过整理父亲留下的东西了解到父亲是一个伟大的英雄。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“We learned that the Silver Star Medal was awarded to my father because he carried a wounded soldier to safety through a minefield(雷区).”可知，作者的父亲从真正的危险中救出一名士兵，因此获得银星奖章。
3. D 推理判断题。根据第三段中“We learned that the Silver Star Medal was awarded to my father because he carried a wounded soldier to safety through a minefield(雷区).”可知，父亲很勇敢；根据第一段中“But because he didn't discuss his experience, we didn't dig too deeply.”等内容可知，父亲很谦虚，没有炫耀过自己的英雄事迹。
4. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I hope you can do…little digging. You'll be richly rewarded with a family story for generations to come.”可知，本段中，作者建议我们应该挖掘更多关于我们身边英雄的信息。
二、 1—5 FECAD
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人的思维方式对自我认识和自我发展的影响。
1. F 根据上文“Your mind is very powerful. Yet, if you're like most people, you probably spend very little time reflecting on the way you think. After all, who thinks about thinking？”和下文“If you draw wrong conclusions about whom you are and what you're capable of doing, you'll limit your potential.”可知，你的思考方式会让你思考的东西变成现实。故F项“然而，你对自己的看法会变成现实。”切题。
2. E 根据下文“So if you think you're a failure, you'll feel like a failure.”可知，你的想法会影响你的感受和行为。下文是对上文的具体说明。故E项“你的想法会影响你的感受和行为。”切题。
3. C 根据上文“Someone will come in saying, ‘I'm just not good enough to advance in my career.’ That opinion leads her to feel discouraged and causes her to put in less effort.”可知，空处应承接上文说明上文导致的后果。故C项“缺乏努力使她无法拥有更好的职业。”切题。
4. A 根据上文“Someone who develops the belief that he's a failure, for example, will view each mistake as evidence that he's not good enough.”可知，空处应承接上文说明一个自认为是失败者的人会把自己的成功归因于什么。故A项“如果他真的成功了，他会归功于运气。”切题。
5. D 根据下文“That's not to say positive thoughts have magical powers. But optimistic thoughts lead to productive acts, which increases your chances of a successful outcome.”可知，乐观的想法会带来富有成效的行为。故D项“创造一个更积极的想法可以带来更好的结果。”切题。
三、 1. if/when 2. benefits 3. compared 4. easier 5. slept 6. but 7. has
8. to perform 9. improving 10. It
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了一天中是否有一个最佳的锻炼时间，可以让你从中得到最好的锻炼效果。
1. if/when 考查状语从句。句意：所以，如果/当有一个锻炼的“最佳时间”，也许会有所帮助？ 分析句子可知，空处引导从句；根据上文的“Finding time to exercise can be hard in our busy lives.”可知，此句指“如果/当有最佳锻炼时间”，空处引导条件或时间状语从句。
2. benefits 考查名词复数。句意：晨练有明显的好处。此句为there be句型，空处在句中作主语；根据上文的“are”可知，应用名词复数形式。
3. compared 考查非谓语动词。句意：与一天中的晚些时候相比，我们中的许多人早上有更多的空闲时间，因此，我们可能更容易坚持晨练。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词；compare与其逻辑主语in the morning之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。
4. easier 考查形容词比较级。句意见上题解析。分析句子可知，空处在句中作表语；根据上文的“Many of us have more free time”可知，此处表示“更容易”。
5. slept 考查动词时态。句意：一项研究发现，进行晨练的人一整天的体力活动都会增加，较少被食物分散注意力，而且睡眠也会更好。分析句子可知，空处在句中与“increased”和“were less distracted by food”并列作谓语，所以用一般过去时。
6. but 考查连词。句意：所以，对于早起的人来说是个好消息，但如果你不是一个早起的人呢？分析句子可知，下文句意出现转折，空处应为连词，表示转折且空后无逗号应用but。
7. has 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：下午或晚上锻炼也有好处，只是不同而已。空处在句中作谓语动词，且结合上下文可知，此句为一般现在时；“Working out in the afternoon or evening”作主语，谓语动词用单数。
8. to perform 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，你的身体在下午的表现最好。空处作后置定语修饰“your body's ability”。固定搭配ability to do sth意为“做某事的能力”。
9. improving 考查状语从句中的省略。句意：此外，在下午和晚上，你的反应时间是最快的，你的心率和血压是最低的，这在提高身体表现的同时降低了受伤的概率。while引导从句在非限制性定语从句“which reduce your chance of injury …”中作状语，while引导的从句中的主语和be动词可同时省略。
10. It 考查固定句型。句意：答案似乎是：任何时间对你来说都是最好的！分析句子可知，此句为固定句型It seems/seemed＋(that)从句，意为“似乎……，好像……”。
高中是新的学习生活的开始，学好高中英语的基础是培养良好的学习习惯。定期安排学习时间，制定学习计划，并保持坚持不懈的态度。将英语学习纳入日常生活中，如每天阅读英语文章、看英语电影或听英语音乐，这样做可以帮助建立英语思维和语感。
学习课本中频频出现的重点动词短语很重要，平时要注意积累，多加运用。
