【导学案】Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Section A Grammar Focus (3a~3c)（含答案） 2025-2026学年英语人教版（2024）八年级上册

Unit 2 Section A Grammar Focus (3a~3c)
【学习目标】
1.能背诵本课时重点单词、短语及句型。
2.掌握情态动词can/could的用法。
3.灵活运用can/could来表示请求和给予许可,以及提出请求和建议。
【自主预习】
一、单词速查(选词填空)
rubbish　note　movie　community　dead
1.I think the is so fantastic. I want to see it again.
2.My phone is . Maybe I need to buy a new one.
3.It’s my second time to pick up in the park with my brother.
4.Some people at our often help the old people do some housework.
5.Linda’s mum wrote a and put it on the table for Linda before going to work.
二、短语速记(根据句意及汉语提示完成句子)
1.The little boy stop crying (直到……为止) his mum gave him a candy.
2.The Greens want to (更多地了解) China.
3.It’s a good idea for every student to (做笔记) in class.
4.Let’s go and (打扫) our city parks this weekend.
5. (当心) the dog over there. It looks very dangerous.
三、情境创生(自古以来,中国是礼仪之邦。为了帮助同学们有礼貌地请求他人和给予他人许可,以及向他人提出请求和建议,英语老师让课代表检查同学们对can/could的预习情况。假如你是王旭,请你举例说明你对can/could的掌握情况。)
1.如果我想看电视,我可以这样表达:
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2.如果我想告诉我的妹妹不能玩电脑游戏,我可以这样表达:
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3.如果我想询问我是否可以和我的朋友们出去闲逛,我可以这样问:
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4.如果我问我的妈妈我是否可以去看电影,并且我妈妈同意,可以这样表达:
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·学法指导·
完成该部分前,先看教材 Section A Grammar Focus,圈出can/could的用法例句,做到心中有数。
【合作探究】
任务驱动一学can/could句型,懂礼貌交流
1.请你根据课本Grammar Focus 3a,将can/could的句子进行分类,并结合小组谈论的结果完成下列各题。例如:
—Can you help me open the door (提出请求)
—Could I watch TV after dinner (请求允许)
(1)—Could you please sweep the floor ( )
—Yes, Dad. I’ll do it at once.
(2)—Could I hang out with my friends after lunch ( )
—Sorry! You have to pack up your things first.
(3)—Can I put some flowers on the table ( )
—Yes. That’s a good idea!
(4)—Can you help me hang up the photos ( )
—No problem!
2.仔细研读课本Grammar Focus 3a和3b中的句子,用can、could、can’t、couldn’t填空。
(1)— I listen to music
—Of course you .
(2)— you speak English
—No, I . But I can speak Chinese.
(3)— you please clean up the bathroom
—Sure.
(4)— she ride a bike
—Yes, she .
(5)— he wash clothes at the age of three
—No, he .
任务驱动二探索can/could用法,规范说话方式
could是can的过去式,后均接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。疑问句中could可代替can,但语气更委婉。
1.表能力。例如:
(1)I can swim.我会游泳。
(2)He can’t play basketball.他不会打篮球。
(3)—Can she dance 她会跳舞吗
—Yes, she can.是的,她会。
2.委婉请求他人做某事。例如:
—Could you please pass me the book 请你递给我那本书好吗
—Sure.当然。
3.委婉请求他人允许自己做某事。例如:
—Can I go out now 我现在可以出去吗
—Sorry, you can’t. It’s too late.抱歉,不行。太晚了。
4.表建议。例如:
You could take a walk after dinner.你可以晚饭后散步。
任务驱动三用can/could编对话,学会互相帮助
1.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。
(1)他会打篮球吗
he basketball
(2)放学后我可以去图书馆吗
I to the library after school
(3)你周末能辅导我数学吗
you me with maths on weekends
(4)我不会弹钢琴,但是我会弹吉他。
I the piano, but I the guitar.
(5)——下课后你能擦黑板吗
——当然可以。
— you please the blackboard after class
— .
2.和小组成员一起用can/could编写一个有关筹备社区服务活动的短剧并进行表演。
【知识探究】
Can I stay out until eleven 我能在外面待到十一点吗
用法总结　
1.until作介词时,意为“到……时;直到……为止”,常与名词(短语)连用。例如:
It rained until 10:00 a.m. 雨一直下到上午10点。
He didn’t have dinner until 9:00 p.m. 他直到晚上9点才吃晚饭。
2.until还可以作连词,意为“到……时;直到……为止”,引导时间状语从句。例如:
They cleaned the classroom until everything was clean. 他们把教室打扫得一尘不染。
He didn’t walk home until the rain stopped. 直到雨停了,他才走回家。
知识拓展　
until的 用法 肯定句 否定句
与延续性动词连用,表示动作或状态一直持续到某时为止 与短暂性动词连用,常与not构成“not...until...”结构,意为“直到……才……”
素养训练　根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。
1.我的爸爸昨天直到凌晨两点才上床睡觉。
My father go to bed 2:00 a.m.yesterday.
2.戴蓝色眼镜的女孩一直等到了公共汽车来。
The girl with blue glasses the bus arrived.
You want to call your parents, but your phone is dead. 你想给你父母打电话,但你的手机没电了。
用法总结　dead作形容词,意为“不运行的;死的”,在句子中作定语或表语。the dead意为“死者”。例如:
My computer is dead. How should I finish my work 我的电脑坏了。我该怎么完成我的工作
知识拓展　
1.dead的动词形式为die,意为“死去;死亡”,是短暂性动词。例如:
Grandpa Wang died two days ago. 王爷爷两天前去世了。
2.dead的名词形式为death,意为“死;死亡”。例如:
His death made us very sad. 他的去世让我们非常难过。
素养训练　用die的正确形式填空。
1.He in 1989 at the age of 85.
2.The of the big old tree made the yard look empty.
3.My bike was , so I had to take the bus to school.
4.Although Chairman Mao has been , his spirit still lives on.
5.The little plant is soon because it didn’t get enough water.
【参考答案】
自主预习
一、
1.movie　2.dead　3.rubbish　4.community　5.note
二、
1.didn’t　until　2.know more about　3.take notes
4.clean up　5.Be careful with
三、
1.Can/Could I watch TV
2.You can’t play computer games.
3.Could/Can I hang out with my friends
4.—Could/Can I go to the movies
—Yes, you can/Sure/Certainly/Of course.
合作探究
任务驱动一
1.(1)提出请求　(2)请求允许　(3)请求允许
(4)提出请求
2.(1)Can/Could　can　(2)Can　can’t
(3)Can/Could　(4)Can　can　(5)Could　couldn’t
任务驱动三
1.(1)Can　play
(2)Can/Could　go
(3)Can/Could　please　help
(4)can’t　play　can　play
(5)Could/Can　clean　Sure/Certainly
知识探究
命题点一
素养训练
1.didn’t　until　2.waited until
命题点二
素养训练
1.died　2.death　3.dead　4.dead　5.dying