Section 5 Greening the Desert
课时目标
1.听关于绿化沙漠的材料，了解绿化沙漠的重要性。
2.通过听力文本，了解NPO Greenlife组织及其创建者易解放的事迹。
3.评价易解放投身环保事业的意义，深入理解人与自我、人与环境的关系。
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．建立 ________________
2．使某人梦想成真 ________________
3．同意 ________________
4．刮走，吹走 ________________
5．阻止某人尝试 ________________
6．make a huge difference ________________
7．bring ... to an end ________________
8．work through one's sadness ________________
9．refer to ... as ... ________________
10．make efforts ________________
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
听听力文本8.3，回答第1、2题。
1．What is NPO Greenlife
A．A local hospital.
B．A famous school.
C．A charity organisation.
2．What is the dream of Yi Jiefang's son
A．Serving people as a doctor.
B．Planting trees after graduation.
C．Being a teacher in the village.
听听力文本8.6，回答第3、4题。
3．What inspires Yi Jiefang to plant trees
A．Her son's future.
B．Her son's wishes.
C．Her son's words.
4．How do you think of Yi Jiefang
A．Great. B．Ordinary. C．Lovely.
三、依据教材听力完成句子
由听力文本8.3，完成句子。
1．Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred ________________________.
2．But ____________________， she remembered how concerned her son had been about the sandstorms and deserts in northern China.
由听力文本8.4，完成句子。
3．Although ________________________________________________， the difficulty did not prevent her from trying.
4．______________________________________________________ never to give up.
四、主题表达训练
请你根据听力材料的内容，谈一谈作为中学生我们可以做些什么来防止沙漠化(desertification)。
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
听力素养“漫养成”
快速记录听力信息
听力录音转瞬即逝，因此，快速记录是听力考试中必须具备的一项能力。如果考生能够在很短的时间内把所听到的内容、重音、语调记录下来，并加以综合推断和理解，答题的正确率自然就会高。
在英语听力考试中，记录可以分为两种形式：一种是心记；另一种是笔记。无论是哪种记录形式，都不允许在听的过程中停下来去记录，只能是边听边记；对于没有听清的内容，也只好放弃继续往下听。
1．心记：心记也就是脑记、短时记忆。主要解决第一节的5个短对话。
一般采用句子复述法来进行，即重复所听到的内容，由简单到复杂，逐渐增加记忆的长度和难度，把语音与语义结合起来。
[典例]
W: Excuse me, sir, visiting hours are over now.Your wife must get some rest.
M: Oh, I'm sorry, doctor.I didn't hear the bell, or I would have left earlier.
[分析] 此对话关注的重点是visiting hours、 wife、 doctor、 bell等词。
2．笔记：对于信息量较大的听力材料，显然单靠心记是行不通的，而要把它记录下来，即做笔记。主要解决第二节的语篇对话或独白。
一般采用选择性记录。即对于长句可只记录几个单词，甚至几个单词的首字母；对于时间、数量只用阿拉伯数字记录即可。
3．速记方法：
(1)用标志性的字母代替较长的单词
这种方法适合记比较长的单词、常见的单词及专有名词(人名、地名、国家名、组织机构名称等)，如：UN代表the United Nations; GB代表Great Britain; M代表mountain; tele代表telephone等。
(2)用核心成分代替句子
即用句中的核心成分代替整个句子，省去其他起语法功能的连词、冠词、介词等虚词；用阿拉伯数字代替它们的英语表达法。如：In Britain anyone who is physically and mentally fit and over the age of seventeen can apply for a driving license.可以速记为：Br.any physi ment fit age 17 app driv lice.。这些核心成分为整理答案的内容提供了充分的依据。
(3)用符号表示信息
如用“←”“↑”“→”“↓”等符号表示不同的方向，用“＜”表示 less than，用“＝”表示 be equal to，用“＞”表示 more than，用“( )”表示 include。这样既可以节省时间又可以利用图形符号的直观性恢复省略掉的信息。
1．Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
易女士一直过着心满意足的生活，直到一件可怕的事情发生，改变了她的生活。
★contented adj.满意的；满足的
|用|法|感|知|
·(“神情描写”佳句)She was gazing at her baby with a soft, contented smile on her face.
她正注视着她的孩子，脸上带着温柔又满足的笑容。
·(“学习”主题佳句)Only if we focus on the contents in class can we get out of the trouble in learning and achieve our learning goal.
只有我们专注于课堂上的内容，我们才能摆脱学习的烦恼，实现我们的学习目标。
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①The little girl gave me a ____________ (content) smile just now.
②My parents are content ____________ (live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.
③The ____________ (content) of the letter are still secret until today.
(2)一句多译
格林先生对我所做的很满意，并对我大力赞扬。
④Mr Green ____________ what I had done and sang high praise for me.(content adj.)
⑤Mr Green _______________ what I had done and sang high praise for me.(content v．)
★occur vi.发生；出现
|用|法|感|知|
·(“传统节日”主题佳句)Mid Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which usually occurs in September or early October.
中秋节是农历八月十五日，通常在九月或十月初。
·(主旨升华句) It occurred to him that he had been telling off his daughter instead of listening to her with patience.But actually, what really matters is the latter. 他突然想到：一直以来他只是一味地去说教女儿，而没有耐心倾听她的想法。但事实上，后者更重要。
[归纳点拨]
Sth.occurs to sb. 某事被某人想起
It occurs to sb.that ... 某人想起……
It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人想起做某事
[易混辨析]
词形 词义 搭配
occur 发生 指“发生”时可与happen换用，但后接to sb./sth.时，两者含义不同。It/Sth.occurs to sb.that ...＝It/Sth.strikes/hits sb.that ...指“某人想起……”。注意：occur的过去式和过去分词均为occurred，现在分词为occurring; occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时；occur作谓语时，主语不能为人。
happen 偶然发生， 碰巧 指“偶然发生”时，主语为“事物”；当主语是“人”时，意为“碰巧”。happen to sb./sth.指“不好的事情发生在某人/物身上”。
take place 发生，举行 某种活动 常指按计划发生的事，没有“偶然”的意味。
break out 爆发， 突然开始 多指战争、火灾等突然爆发或疾病、疫情等暴发。
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
①It occurred ____________ me that I played an important part in their lives.
②____________ had never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match.
③Suddenly _____________________________________________________,
but she didn't know how to speak it out.
她突然想到了一个好主意，但是不知道如何说出来。
④Never before did _________________ “apologies” could make such a huge difference.
我以前从未想过，“道歉”能产生如此巨大的影响。
(2)选用上面表格中的词填空
After the flu ⑤________________， an urgent meeting ⑥________________， and we discussed what had ⑦________________ among the students, and finally agreed on the way to prevent it spreading.
2．Now the trees have a survival rate of 85%.
现在这些树的存活率达到了85%。
★survival n．继续生存，幸存
|用|法|感|知|
·(“活动介绍”佳句)Li Ming and I took part in a wilderness survival program yesterday, and it has been one of the most unforgettable experiences since high school.
我和李明昨天参加了一个荒野生存计划，这是自高中以来最难忘的经历之一。
·(“建议”类佳句)I'm writing to inform you of some tips on hurricane safety so that you can survive this common threat to a coastal city.
我写这封信是为了告诉你一些关于飓风安全的提示，这样你就可以在沿海城市的这种常见威胁中生存下来。
归纳点拨 (1)survive vt. 幸存；生还；幸免于；比……活得长 vi. 幸存；活下来 survive sth. 在……之后仍然幸存 survive sb.(by ...)比某人活得长(……) survive on 靠……存活下来 (2)survivor n. 幸存者
名师点津 survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故等中幸存下来”时，为及物动词，其后不可接介词from或in。
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Only two people ____________ (survive) the fire yesterday.
②A lot of small companies have to fight for ____________ (survive)．
③The old man is a ____________ (survive) of an air raid.
④The man survived his wife ____________ five years, during which he lived in a small house.
⑤People who ______________________ will remember their terrible experiences forever.
那些在地震中幸存下来的人将永远不会忘记他们可怕的经历。
3．She has made a huge difference with her determination to make her son's dreams a reality.
她决心让儿子的梦想成为现实，这使她对社会产生了重大影响。
★determination n．决心；毅力
|用|法|感|知|
·(“性格描写”佳句)They have always shown great determination and never lost confidence.
他们总是表现出极大的决心，从不会失去信心。
·(“感谢”类佳句)What you did means a lot for me, so I determine to work hard and to be a person like you who helps others as a volunteer.
你所做的对我来说意味着很多，所以我决定努力工作，成为一个像你一样帮助别人的志愿者。
[归纳点拨]
(1)with determination 坚决地；果断地
(2)determine vt. 确定，决定；使下定决心
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
determine to do sth. 决定做某事
determine sb.to do sth. 使某人下定决心做某事
determine＋that/wh 从句 决定……
(3)determined adj. 有决心的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
be determined that ... 决定……，坚信……
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Write a poem about how courage, ________ (determine), and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
②She determined ____________ (work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.
③____________ (determine) to be myself and move forward, I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．
④I ________________________ and proud of my daily progress.
我下定决心要成功并为自己每天的进步感到骄傲。
⑤Everyone concerned acted ___________________________________________________.
所有相关人员都表现出了极大的勇气和决心。
4．So Yi Jiefang decided to make her son's dream come true, and NPO Greenlife was born.
因此，易解放决定让儿子的梦想得以实现，这样NPO绿色生命组织就诞生了。
★come true (希望、愿望等)实现，成为现实
|用|法|感|知|
·(结尾升华句)Therefore, we should value and arrange our time properly to make our dreams come true. 因此，我们应该珍惜并适当安排时间，以使我们的梦想成真。
[易混辨析] realize 和 come true 均可以表示“实现”。realize 为及物动词，其后可跟宾语；而come true为不及物动词短语，其后不可跟宾语；come true 不用于被动语态，相当于be realized。
|应|用|融|会|
(完成句子) ①When he was young, he dreamed of travelling round the world and now it ________________________________________________________________________.
他年轻时曾梦想周游世界，如今，这个梦想已经实现。
②His dream of taking part in the Olympics ________________________ at last.
他参加奥运会的梦想最终实现了。
③If you work hard constantly, you will ________________________.
如果坚持不懈地努力工作，你将会梦想成真。
5．How did Ms Yi Jiefang work through her sadness after her son's death
易解放女士在她儿子去世后是如何调整她的悲伤情绪的？
★work through调整(情绪)；完成；解决
|用|法|感|知|
(写出下列句中work through的含义)
①Eleanor's new friend Natalie encourages her to try new things and work through her sadness and fear of change.____________
②The first project I'll work through is a Web publishing solution.____________
③I know the way my mind works when I work through a problem.____________
[归纳点拨]
(1)work out 锻炼身体，做运动；解决，解答；
计算出；产生结果，发展；制订出
work on 从事……，继续……
work at 从事/致力于……
(2)out of work 失业
at work 在工作中
|应|用|融|会|
(1)介、副词填空
④Scientists are still working ____________ inventing methods of reaching outer space.
⑤He has been out ____________ work for two months.
⑥The famous actor keeps fit by working ____________ for an hour every morning.
(2)完成句子
⑦Neither the teacher nor his students know how to ________________________.
那位老师和他的学生们都不知道如何解答这道题。
⑧They eventually ________________________ at the end of summer.
在夏天结束的时候，他们终于完成了所有的工作。
6．Alive or fallen, you served a purpose.
无论是活着还是倒下，你都有一定的价值。
句中形容词短语Alive or fallen 作状语。
(1)形容词或形容词短语作状语在句中可以表示行为方式或伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等，可位于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
(2)形容词短语还可以说明谓语动词发生时主语所处的状态、特点等。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
(改为形容词短语作状语)
①He was thirsty and eager to have a rest, so he went into a teahouse.
→____________________________， he went into a teahouse.
②Because they were determined to complete the job on time, they set out to work immediately.
→____________________，they set out to work immediately.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，不敢相信刚才发生的事情。
For a moment she just stood there, _____________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
④克鲁索两眼盯着脚印看，满心恐惧。
Crosu stared at the footprint, _________________________________________________.
Section 5 Greening the Desert
听力发掘训练
教材听力“再利用”
一、1.set up 2.make one's dream come true/a reality
3．agree with 4.blow away 5.prevent sb. from trying
6．产生很大的影响 7.使……结束 8.调整某人的悲伤情绪
9．把……称为…… 10.付出努力
二、1～4 CBBA
三、1.which changed her life
2．despite her sadness
3．there seemed only a slim chance that the trees could survive
4．It had always been her policy
四、参考答案：
As middle school students, we should try to do something to stop desertification.As far as I am concerned, we should inform people how important and necessary it is to stop desertification, and show them some ways they can do in their daily life to prevent this, such as saving water and reducing their carbon footprint.But above all, we should behave ourselves, setting good examples to others.Only when everyone devotes their own efforts can we make some achievements in preventing desertification.
新知深化学习
1．★①contented ②to live ③contents ④was content with ⑤contented himself with
★①to ②It ③a good idea occurred to her ④it occur to me that
⑤broke out ⑥took place ⑦happened/occurred
2．①survived ②survival ③survivor ④by
⑤survived the earthquake
3．①determination ②to work ③Determined
④am determined to succeed
⑤with great courage and determination
4．①has come true ②came true/was realized
③make your dream come true
5．①调整(情绪) ②完成 ③解决 ④on ⑤of ⑥out
⑦work out the problem ⑧worked through all the work
6．①Thirsty and eager to have a rest
②Determined to complete the job on time
③unable to believe what had just happened ④full of fear
9 / 9(共76张PPT)
Section 5
Greening the Desert
课时目标
1．听关于绿化沙漠的材料，了解绿化沙漠的重要性。
2．通过听力文本，了解NPO-Greenlife组织及其创建者易解放的事迹。
3．评价易解放投身环保事业的意义，深入理解人与自我、人与环境的关系。
目 录
听力发掘训练
新知深化学习
课时检测
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．建立 ______
2．使某人梦想成真 ________________________________
3．同意 _________
4．刮走，吹走 _________
听力发掘训练
set up
make one's dream come true/a reality
agree with
blow away
5．阻止某人尝试 ____________________
6．make a huge difference ____________________
7．bring ... to an end ____________________
8．work through one's sadness ____________________
9．refer to ... as ... ____________________
10．make efforts ____________________
prevent sb. from trying
产生很大的影响
使……结束
调整某人的悲伤情绪
把……称为……
付出努力
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
听听力文本8.3，回答第1、2题。
1．What is NPO-Greenlife
A．A local hospital. B．A famous school.
C．A charity organisation.
2．What is the dream of Yi Jiefang's son
A．Serving people as a doctor. B．Planting trees after graduation.
C．Being a teacher in the village.
√
√
听听力文本8.6，回答第3、4题。
3．What inspires Yi Jiefang to plant trees
A．Her son's future.
B．Her son's wishes.
C．Her son's words.
4．How do you think of Yi Jiefang
A．Great. B．Ordinary. C．Lovely.
√
√
三、依据教材听力完成句子
由听力文本8.3，完成句子。
1．Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred
____________________.
2．But ________________, she remembered how concerned her son had been about the sandstorms and deserts in northern China.
which changed her life
despite her sadness
由听力文本8.4，完成句子。
3．Although _____________________________________________
_______, the difficulty did not prevent her from trying.
4．__________________________ never to give up.
there seemed only a slim chance that the trees could
survive
It had always been her policy
四、主题表达训练
请你根据听力材料的内容，谈一谈作为中学生我们可以做些什么来防止沙漠化(desertification)。
As middle school students, we should try to do something to stop desertification.As far as I am concerned, we should inform people how important and necessary it is to stop desertification, and show them some ways they can do in their daily life to prevent this, such as saving water and reducing their carbon footprint.But above all, we should behave ourselves, setting good examples to others.Only when everyone devotes their own efforts can we make some achievements in preventing desertification.
参考答案：
听力素养“漫养成”
快速记录听力信息
听力录音转瞬即逝，因此，快速记录是听力考试中必须具备的一项能力。如果考生能够在很短的时间内把所听到的内容、重音、语调记录下来，并加以综合推断和理解，答题的正确率自然就会高。
在英语听力考试中，记录可以分为两种形式：一种是心记；另一种是笔记。无论是哪种记录形式，都不允许在听的过程中停下来去记录，只能是边听边记；对于没有听清的内容，也只好放弃继续往下听。
1．心记：心记也就是脑记、短时记忆。主要解决第一节的5个短对话。
一般采用句子复述法来进行，即重复所听到的内容，由简单到复杂，逐渐增加记忆的长度和难度，把语音与语义结合起来。
[典例]
W: Excuse me, sir, visiting hours are over now.Your wife must get some rest.
M: Oh, I'm sorry, doctor.I didn't hear the bell, or I would have left earlier.
[分析] 此对话关注的重点是visiting hours、 wife、 doctor、 bell等词。
2．笔记：对于信息量较大的听力材料，显然单靠心记是行不通的，而要把它记录下来，即做笔记。主要解决第二节的语篇对话或独白。
一般采用选择性记录。即对于长句可只记录几个单词，甚至几个单词的首字母；对于时间、数量只用阿拉伯数字记录即可。
3．速记方法：
(1)用标志性的字母代替较长的单词
这种方法适合记比较长的单词、常见的单词及专有名词(人名、地名、国家名、组织机构名称等)，如：UN代表the United Nations; GB代表Great Britain; M代表mountain; tele代表telephone等。
(2)用核心成分代替句子
即用句中的核心成分代替整个句子，省去其他起语法功能的连词、冠词、介词等虚词；用阿拉伯数字代替它们的英语表达法。如：In Britain anyone who is physically and mentally fit and over the age of seventeen can apply for a driving license.可以速记为：Br.any physi ment fit age 17 app driv lice.。这些核心成分为整理答案的内容提供了充分的依据。
(3)用符号表示信息
如用“←”“↑”“→”“↓”等符号表示不同的方向，用“＜”表示 less than，用“＝”表示 be equal to，用“＞”表示 more than，用“( )”表示 include。这样既可以节省时间又可以利用图形符号的直观性恢复省略掉的信息。
1．Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
易女士一直过着心满意足的生活，直到一件可怕的事情发生，改变了她的生活。
★contented adj.满意的；满足的
新知深化学习
|用|法|感|知|
·(“神情描写”佳句)She was gazing at her baby with a soft, contented smile on her face.
她正注视着她的孩子，脸上带着温柔又满足的笑容。
·(“学习”主题佳句)Only if we focus on the contents in class can we get out of the trouble in learning and achieve our learning goal.
只有我们专注于课堂上的内容，我们才能摆脱学习的烦恼，实现我们的学习目标。
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①The little girl gave me a _________ (content) smile just now.
②My parents are content _______ (live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.
③The _______ (content) of the letter are still secret until today.
contented
to live
contents
(2)一句多译
格林先生对我所做的很满意，并对我大力赞扬。
④Mr Green _______________ what I had done and sang high praise for me.(content adj.)
⑤Mr Green _____________________ what I had done and sang high praise for me.(content v．)
was content with
contented himself with
★occur vi.发生；出现
|用|法|感|知|
·(“传统节日”主题佳句)Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which usually occurs in September or early October.
中秋节是农历八月十五日，通常在九月或十月初。
·(主旨升华句) It occurred to him that he had been telling off his daughter instead of listening to her with patience.But actually, what really matters is the latter.
他突然想到：一直以来他只是一味地去说教女儿，而没有耐心倾听她的想法。但事实上，后者更重要。
[归纳点拨]
Sth.occurs to sb. 某事被某人想起
It occurs to sb.that ... 某人想起……
It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人想起做某事
[易混辨析]
词形 词义 搭配
occur 发生 指“发生”时可与happen换用，但后接to sb./sth.时，两者含义不同。It/Sth.occurs to sb.that ...＝It/Sth.strikes/hits sb.that ...指“某人想起……”。注意：occur的过去式和过去分词均为occurred，现在分词为occurring; occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时；occur作谓语时，主语不能为人。
词形 词义 搭配
happen 偶然发生，碰巧 指“偶然发生”时，主语为“事物”；当主语是“人”时，意为“碰巧”。happen to sb./sth.指“不好的事情发生在某人/物身上”。
take lace 发生，举行某种活动 常指按计划发生的事，没有“偶然”的意味。
break out 爆发，突然开始 多指战争、火灾等突然爆发或疾病、疫情等暴发。
续表
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
①It occurred ___ me that I played an important part in their lives.
②___ had never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match.
to
It
③Suddenly ________________________, but she didn't know how to speak it out.
她突然想到了一个好主意，但是不知道如何说出来。
④Never before did ___________________ “apologies” could make such a huge difference.
我以前从未想过，“道歉”能产生如此巨大的影响。
a good idea occurred to her
it occur to me that
(2)选用上面表格中的词填空
After the flu ⑤__________, an urgent meeting ⑥_________, and we discussed what had ⑦_________________ among the students, and finally agreed on the way to prevent it spreading.
broke out
took place
happened/occurred
2．Now the trees have a survival rate of 85%.
现在这些树的存活率达到了85%。
★survival n．继续生存，幸存
|用|法|感|知|
·(“活动介绍”佳句)Li Ming and I took part in a wilderness survival program yesterday, and it has been one of the most unforgettable experiences since high school.
我和李明昨天参加了一个荒野生存计划，这是自高中以来最难忘的经历之一。
·(“建议”类佳句)I'm writing to inform you of some tips on hurricane safety so that you can survive this common threat to a coastal city. 我写这封信是为了告诉你一些关于飓风安全的提示，这样你就可以在沿海城市的这种常见威胁中生存下来。
归纳 点拨 (1)survive vt. 幸存；生还；幸免于；比……活得长
vi. 幸存；活下来
survive sth. 在……之后仍然幸存
survive sb.(by ...) 比某人活得长(……)
survive on 靠……存活下来
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
名师 点津 survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故等中幸存下来”时，为及物动词，其后不可接介词from或in。
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Only two people ________ (survive) the fire yesterday.
②A lot of small companies have to fight for ________ (survive)．
③The old man is a ________ (survive) of an air raid.
survived
survival
survivor
④The man survived his wife ___ five years, during which he lived in a small house.
⑤People who ________________________ will remember their terrible experiences forever.
那些在地震中幸存下来的人将永远不会忘记他们可怕的经历。
by
survived the earthquake
3．She has made a huge difference with her determination to make her son's dreams a reality.
她决心让儿子的梦想成为现实，这使她对社会产生了重大影响。
★determination n．决心；毅力
|用|法|感|知|
·(“性格描写”佳句)They have always shown great determination and never lost confidence.
他们总是表现出极大的决心，从不会失去信心。
·(“感谢”类佳句)What you did means a lot for me, so I determine to work hard and to be a person like you who helps others as a volunteer.
你所做的对我来说意味着很多，所以我决定努力工作，成为一个像你一样帮助别人的志愿者。
[归纳点拨]
(1)with determination 坚决地；果断地
(2)determine vt. 确定，决定；使下定决心
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
determine to do sth. 决定做某事
determine sb.to do sth. 使某人下定决心做某事
determine＋that/wh-从句 决定……
(3)determined adj. 有决心的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
be determined that ... 决定……，坚信……
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Write a poem about how courage, ______________ (determine), and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
②She determined _________ (work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.
③____________ (determine) to be myself and move forward, I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．
determination
to work
Determined
④I _______________________ and proud of my daily progress.
我下定决心要成功并为自己每天的进步感到骄傲。
⑤Everyone concerned acted _________________________________.
所有相关人员都表现出了极大的勇气和决心。
am determined to succeed
with great courage and determination
4．So Yi Jiefang decided to make her son's dream come true, and NPO-Greenlife was born.
因此，易解放决定让儿子的梦想得以实现，这样NPO绿色生命组织就诞生了。
★come true (希望、愿望等)实现，成为现实
|用|法|感|知|
·(结尾升华句)Therefore, we should value and arrange our time properly to make our dreams come true.
因此，我们应该珍惜并适当安排时间，以使我们的梦想成真。
[易混辨析] realize 和 come true 均可以表示“实现”。realize 为及物动词，其后可跟宾语；而come true为不及物动词短语，其后不可跟宾语；come true 不用于被动语态，相当于be realized。
|应|用|融|会|
(完成句子) ①When he was young, he dreamed of travelling round the world and now it _____________.
他年轻时曾梦想周游世界，如今，这个梦想已经实现。
②His dream of taking part in the Olympics ____________________ at last.
他参加奥运会的梦想最终实现了。
③If you work hard constantly, you will _________________________.
如果坚持不懈地努力工作，你将会梦想成真。
has come true
came true/was realized
make your dream come true
5．How did Ms Yi Jiefang work through her sadness after her son's death
易解放女士在她儿子去世后是如何调整她的悲伤情绪的？
★work through调整(情绪)；完成；解决
|用|法|感|知|
(写出下列句中work through的含义)
①Eleanor's new friend Natalie encourages her to try new things and work through her sadness and fear of change. _________
②The first project I'll work through is a Web publishing solution.
_________
③I know the way my mind works when I work through a problem.
_________
调整(情绪)
完成
解决
[归纳点拨]
(1)work out 锻炼身体，做运动；解决，解答； 计算出；产生结果，发展；制订出
work on 从事……，继续……
work at 从事/致力于……
(2)out of work 失业
at work 在工作中
|应|用|融|会|
(1)介、副词填空
④Scientists are still working ___ inventing methods of reaching outer space.
⑤He has been out ___ work for two months.
⑥The famous actor keeps fit by working ____ for an hour every morning.
on
of
out
(2)完成句子
⑦Neither the teacher nor his students know how to ____________
________.
那位老师和他的学生们都不知道如何解答这道题。
⑧They eventually ______________________________ at the end of summer.
在夏天结束的时候，他们终于完成了所有的工作。
work out the
problem
worked through all the work
6．Alive or fallen, you served a purpose.
无论是活着还是倒下，你都有一定的价值。
句中形容词短语Alive or fallen 作状语。
(1)形容词或形容词短语作状语在句中可以表示行为方式或伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等，可位于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
(2)形容词短语还可以说明谓语动词发生时主语所处的状态、特点等。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
(改为形容词短语作状语)
①He was thirsty and eager to have a rest, so he went into a teahouse.
→____________________________, he went into a teahouse.
②Because they were determined to complete the job on time, they set out to work immediately.
→______________________________________, they set out to work immediately.
Thirsty and eager to have a rest
Determined to complete the job on time
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，不敢相信刚才发生的事情。
For a moment she just stood there, ___________________________
_________.
④克鲁索两眼盯着脚印看，满心恐惧。
Crosu stared at the footprint, ____________.
unable to believe what had just
happened
full of fear
课时检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Every autumn I go to the _______ (县) fair.
2．The ______ (地区) is too dry for plants to grow.
3．When exactly did the incident ______ (发生)
4．The grave was marked by a simple _________ (墓碑)．
5．The literacy _____ (比率) in England was under 50%.
county
region
occur
headstone
rate
6．You will surely need to _________ (克服) some difficulties.
7．This ______ (海报) sells the virtues of travel on the Thames.
8．The country applied for full membership of the European ______ (联合会)．
9．There's still a ___ (微小的) chance that he may become president.
10．The aim of the competition is to match the _____ (引文) to the person who said it.
overcome
poster
Union
slim
quote
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．None of these seems to have much chance of ________ (survive).
2．_________ (current), over 500 students are enrolled on the course.
3．Whenever he returns to this place, he is happy and _________ (content)．
4．Mary shows great ____________ (determine) to become a lawyer in future.
survival
Currently
contented
determination
5．We see it most often in businesses where the _________ (found) is still in charge.
6．The majority are in favour of the ________ (propose) that we should save water in our daily life.
7．What's more, years of experience of being a monitor makes me a brilliant _________ (organise)．
founder
proposal
organiser
Ⅲ.选词填空
come true, work through, refer to ...as, prevent ...from, work on
1．Should I ________ you ___ Dr Smith or Professor Smith
2．Linda spends all her time __________ the garden.
3．To _____________ these emotions, first write all of your emotions down.
refer to
as
working on
work through
4．Something is __________ the machine _____ shutting down, so the motor is getting overheated.
5．Some of my favorite organizations are the ones that make children's dreams _________.
preventing
from
come true
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．I ___________________ the mountains from below.
我满足于从下面欣赏这些山。
2．_________________ I forgot to mention a major marketing point in my presentation.
我突然想到，在我的演讲中我忘记提到一个主要的营销要点。
am content to admire
It occurs to me that
3．___________________________, he was not infallible.
虽然他经验丰富，但他并不是绝对正确的。
4．_____________, she nearly ran into a tree.
陷入沉思，她差点撞到树上。
5．Students should involve themselves in community activities
____________________________________.
学生应该参与社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。
Although he was experienced
Lost in thought
where they can gain experience for growth
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems.One of the biggest is pollution.Pollution comes in many ways.We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Men have been polluting the earth.Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people.When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, men moved to another place.
Air pollution is now the most serious.Air makes people sick.And lots of people now are trying to use something to clear the air.Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water.Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight air pollution.They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.
Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution.It is caused by heavy traffic.It is true that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
Although most of the pollution is caused by us, we are the ones who can change the situation.The earth is our home.We must take care of it.And we must pay more attention to the information in pollution at the same time.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了现代生活中污染问题的严重性，呼吁人们更加关注污染问题，采取行动保护环境。
1．Why was the pollution in the past less serious
A．Life in the past was easier.
B．There were not so many people.
C．Men stayed in one place.
D．People used less coal to make fire.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people.”可知，过去的污染不那么严重是因为没有那么多人。
√
2．According to the passage, which kind of pollution is the most serious
A．Air pollution. B．Noise pollution.
C．Light pollution. D．Water pollution.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Air pollution is now the most serious.”可知，空气污染现在是最严重的。
√
3．What do many countries do to fight air pollution
A．Try to use something to clear the air.
B．Ask people to use public transport more.
C．Stop putting dirty smoke into the air.
D．Encourage people to move to another place.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.”可知，许多国家通过制定政策，禁止人们向空气中排放废气来对抗空气污染。
√
4．What is probably the purpose of this passage
A．To prove life is much easier today.
B．To call on us to take care of our earth.
C．To show the danger of pollution.
D．To introduce how to fight air pollution.
解析：写作意图题。作者先说明污染问题的严重性，最后呼吁我们要保护我们共同的地球，所以“呼吁我们爱护我们的地球”是文章的写作目的。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
When the monthly electricity bill came home, parents always couldn't believe their eyes, as the amount was much more than needed. 5 Here are some tips for parents to educate their children on how to save energy.
Switch off the lights.Assign one day in a week for a “turn off” practice, for a few hours.Tell the kids the significance of using less electricity and how it impacts the environment. 6
Use energy-efficient transportation.When parents and their children are out on vacation, have a cycling outing.When the whole family rides bicycles together, it not only serves as a great bonding exercise, but it also teaches the children about eco-friendly transportation options. 7
Play a game. 8 Engage them in a game instead.Ask the little ones to walk around the house with pen and paper, and make a note of all the equipment that consume energy.Let them suggest what measures can be taken within the home to reduce consumption of electricity and go green.Parents can stick small notes near these appliances to give them interesting information on conservation.
9 Create a theatre-like experience at home on a Sunday and gather everyone in the family, especially the kids, to watch an informative film about environmental issues or climate change.If parents have slightly older children, they can discuss the film and ask them what they think.
A．Watch an environmental film.
B．Talk with children about their opinions.
C．Play some games related to environmental protection.
D．Lecturing kids about environmental issues won't help.
E．It makes them aware of the environmental effect of cars.
F．Light up some candles and play a board game to keep the children occupied.
G．So parents should urge their children to take up environment-friendly projects.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了教育孩子们节约能源的四个方法。
5．解析：选G 由上文可知，这里主要讲每月电费超出父母预计。故G项“因此，父母应该敦促他们的孩子从事环保项目”承接上文，符合语境。其中“take up environment-friendly projects”与上文“the amount was much more than needed”形成因果关系。
6．解析：选F 由上文可知，这里主要建议父母每周关一次电。故F项“点燃一些蜡烛，玩棋盘游戏，让孩子们有事可做”符合语境。其中“Light up some candles”和上文“a ‘turn off’ practice”对应。
7．解析：选E 由上文可知，这里主要讲父母让孩子们骑自行车，这样更加环保。故E项“这让他们意识到汽车对环境的影响”符合语境。其中“It”与前一句的事情对应，“them”也与前文中的“the children”对应。
8．解析：选D 由下文可知，这里讲要让孩子们参与到节约能源的活动中，而不应该只是一直说教。故D项“口头教育孩子们有关环境问题没有帮助”与下文构成转折关系，符合语境。其中“kids”与后文的“them”对应。
9．解析：选A 由后文可知，这里主要讲父母和孩子们一起看一部关于环境问题的电影。故A项“观看环境电影”引起下文，符合语境。其中“an environmental film”与下文中“an informative film about environmental issues or climate change”对应。UNIT 8 课时检测(五) Greening the Desert
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Every autumn I go to the ____________ (县) fair.
2．The ____________ (地区) is too dry for plants to grow.
3．When exactly did the incident __________ (发生)
4．The grave was marked by a simple ____________ (墓碑)．
5．The literacy ____________ (比率) in England was under 50%.
6．You will surely need to ____________ (克服) some difficulties.
7．This ____________ (海报) sells the virtues of travel on the Thames.
8．The country applied for full membership of the European ____________ (联合会)．
9．There's still a ____________ (微小的) chance that he may become president.
10．The aim of the competition is to match the ____________ (引文) to the person who said it.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．None of these seems to have much chance of ____________ (survive)．
2．____________ (current), over 500 students are enrolled on the course.
3．Whenever he returns to this place, he is happy and ____________ (content)．
4．Mary shows great ____________ (determine) to become a lawyer in future.
5．We see it most often in businesses where the ____________ (found) is still in charge.
6．The majority are in favour of the ____________ (propose) that we should save water in our daily life.
7．What's more, years of experience of being a monitor makes me a brilliant ____________ (organise)．
Ⅲ.选词填空
come true, work through, refer to ...as, prevent ...from, work on
1．Should I ________________ you ____________ Dr Smith or Professor Smith
2．Linda spends all her time ______________________________________________ the garden.
3．To ________________ these emotions, first write all of your emotions down.
4．Something is __________ the machine ________ shutting down, so the motor is getting overheated.
5．Some of my favorite organizations are the ones that make children's dreams ________________.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．I ________________________ the mountains from below.
我满足于从下面欣赏这些山。
2．________________ I forgot to mention a major marketing point in my presentation.
我突然想到，在我的演讲中我忘记提到一个主要的营销要点。
3．________________________， he was not infallible.
虽然他经验丰富，但他并不是绝对正确的。
4．______________________________________, she nearly ran into a tree.
陷入沉思，她差点撞到树上。
5．Students should involve themselves in community activities ______________.
学生应该参与社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems.One of the biggest is pollution.Pollution comes in many ways.We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Men have been polluting the earth.Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people.When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, men moved to another place.
Air pollution is now the most serious.Air makes people sick.And lots of people now are trying to use something to clear the air.Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water.Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight air pollution.They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.
Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution.It is caused by heavy traffic.It is true that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
Although most of the pollution is caused by us, we are the ones who can change the situation.The earth is our home.We must take care of it.And we must pay more attention to the information in pollution at the same time.
1．Why was the pollution in the past less serious
A．Life in the past was easier.
B．There were not so many people.
C．Men stayed in one place.
D．People used less coal to make fire.
2．According to the passage, which kind of pollution is the most serious
A．Air pollution. B．Noise pollution.
C．Light pollution. D．Water pollution.
3．What do many countries do to fight air pollution
A．Try to use something to clear the air.
B．Ask people to use public transport more.
C．Stop putting dirty smoke into the air.
D．Encourage people to move to another place.
4．What is probably the purpose of this passage
A．To prove life is much easier today.
B．To call on us to take care of our earth.
C．To show the danger of pollution.
D．To introduce how to fight air pollution.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
When the monthly electricity bill came home, parents always couldn't believe their eyes, as the amount was much more than needed. __5__ Here are some tips for parents to educate their children on how to save energy.
Switch off the lights.Assign one day in a week for a “turn off” practice, for a few hours.Tell the kids the significance of using less electricity and how it impacts the environment.__6__
Use energy efficient transportation.When parents and their children are out on vacation, have a cycling outing.When the whole family rides bicycles together, it not only serves as a great bonding exercise, but it also teaches the children about eco friendly transportation options.__7__
Play a game.__8__ Engage them in a game instead.Ask the little ones to walk around the house with pen and paper, and make a note of all the equipment that consume energy.Let them suggest what measures can be taken within the home to reduce consumption of electricity and go green.Parents can stick small notes near these appliances to give them interesting information on conservation.
__9__ Create a theatre like experience at home on a Sunday and gather everyone in the family, especially the kids, to watch an informative film about environmental issues or climate change.If parents have slightly older children, they can discuss the film and ask them what they think.
A．Watch an environmental film.
B．Talk with children about their opinions.
C．Play some games related to environmental protection.
D．Lecturing kids about environmental issues won't help.
E．It makes them aware of the environmental effect of cars.
F．Light up some candles and play a board game to keep the children occupied.
G．So parents should urge their children to take up environment friendly projects.
UNIT 8 课时检测(五)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.county 2.region 3.occur 4.headstone 5.rate
6．overcome 7.poster 8.Union 9.slim 10.quote
Ⅱ.1.survival 2.Currently 3.contented 4.determination
5．founder 6.proposal 7.organiser
Ⅲ.1.refer to; as 2.working on 3.work through
4．preventing; from 5.come true
Ⅳ.1.am content to admire 2.It occurs to me that
3．Although he was experienced 4.Lost in thought
5．where they can gain experience for growth
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了现代生活中污染问题的严重性，呼吁人们更加关注污染问题，采取行动保护环境。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people.”可知，过去的污染不那么严重是因为没有那么多人。
2．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Air pollution is now the most serious.”可知，空气污染现在是最严重的。
3．选C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.”可知，许多国家通过制定政策，禁止人们向空气中排放废气来对抗空气污染。
4．选B 写作意图题。作者先说明污染问题的严重性，最后呼吁我们要保护我们共同的地球，所以“呼吁我们爱护我们的地球”是文章的写作目的。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了教育孩子们节约能源的四个方法。
5．选G 由上文可知，这里主要讲每月电费超出父母预计。故G项“因此，父母应该敦促他们的孩子从事环保项目”承接上文，符合语境。其中“take up environment friendly projects”与上文“the amount was much more than needed”形成因果关系。
6．选F 由上文可知，这里主要建议父母每周关一次电。故F项“点燃一些蜡烛，玩棋盘游戏，让孩子们有事可做”符合语境。其中“Light up some candles”和上文“a ‘turn off’ practice”对应。
7．选E 由上文可知，这里主要讲父母让孩子们骑自行车，这样更加环保。故E项“这让他们意识到汽车对环境的影响”符合语境。其中“It”与前一句的事情对应，“them”也与前文中的“the children”对应。
8．选D 由下文可知，这里讲要让孩子们参与到节约能源的活动中，而不应该只是一直说教。故D项“口头教育孩子们有关环境问题没有帮助”与下文构成转折关系，符合语境。其中“kids”与后文的“them”对应。
9．选A 由后文可知，这里主要讲父母和孩子们一起看一部关于环境问题的电影。故A项“观看环境电影”引起下文，符合语境。其中“an environmental film”与下文中“an informative film about environmental issues or climate change”对应。
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