(共48张PPT)
Module 11
Module 11 Photos
Unit 3
Language in use
To understand and apply the attributive clause with which and who
To practise and apply new vocabulary
To complete a task involving making a photo show
Complete the sentences.
1. 他就是去年赢得摄影比赛的男孩！
He’s the boy _______________________________________!
who won the photo competition last year
2. 在“城市与人”这组中，我们最喜欢的照片是赵敏拍摄的。
The photo ___________________ in the City and People group was taken by Zhao Min.
which we liked best
3. 一组体现北京和英国剑桥生活的照片赢得了“故乡与他乡”主题的奖项。
A group of photos _________________________________ ______________ has won the prize.
which show Beijing and Cambridge
in England
复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句一般放在先行词后面，引导定语从句的词叫关系词 (关系代词和关系副词)，关系词在从句中充当句子成分。
定语从句
关系代词三功能
I prefer movies which give me something to think about.
The man who I served was wearing a hat.
Attributive clause
关系词
先行词
Attributive clause
关系词
先行词
which和who引导的定语从句
which引导的定语从句修饰的一般是物。
which 在从句中作主语或宾语。
作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。
e.g. My home town is a city which has a history of 2,000 years.
我的家乡是一座有着2000年历史的城市。
The city (which) we live in has a population of six million.
我们居住的这座城市有600万人口。
which引导的定语从句
如果先行词指人，定语从句的引导词就可以用who。
在从句中，who作主语，whom作宾语(常可省略)。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。
e.g. He is the doctor who saved the girl's life.
他就是救了那个女孩生命的医生。
The man (who / whom) you're waiting for has come.
你在等的那个人已经来了。
who引导的定语从句
不管定语从句修饰的是人还是物, 如果引导词在从句中作宾语, 通常就可以省略。
e.g. Did you go to the talk (that/which) the famous scientist gave at your school
你去听那位著名科学家在你们学校的演讲了吗？
Is that the car (that/which) you bought last month
这就是你上个月买的那辆车吗？
A friend is a person (who/whom) you know very well and like. 朋友就是你非常了解并且喜欢的人。
定语从句中引导词的省略
引导词作宾语时可以省略，省略后的从句仍然有主语和谓语, 可以分辨出哪部分是定语从句。
引导词在从句中作主语时不能省略, 否则会造成结构混乱。
e.g. I’d like to have a teacher who is good at speaking.
He can make lessons that are usually boring interesting.
that、who在从句中作主语，不能省略
【注意】在正式文体中，定语从句中作宾语的引导词常常不省略，被保留。
指代内容 所做成分 是否可省略
that
which
who
whom
关系代词的用法
人；物
物
人
人
主语,宾语
主语,宾语
主语,宾语
宾语
作宾语可省
作宾语可省
作宾语可省
可省
1. —I feel so nervous. What should I do
—You’d better listen to music that ________.(2024·黑龙江绥
化)
A．helps you relax B．you can dance C．makes you sad
2. —I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the
volunteer work last summer. (2024·四川乐山)
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A．when B．who C．that
A
C
3. A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. (2024·甘肃临夏)
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
4. The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days. (2024·黑龙江牡丹江)
A．who B．which C．Whose
5. As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. (2024·吉林长春)
A．where B．when C．which D．who
B
A
C
6. —What kind of movies do you like best
—I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. (2024·四川遂宁市)
A. what B. which C. who D. /
7. A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to
share your laughter and tears. (2024·四川泸州市)
A. what B. which C. who D. whom
B
C
8. Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class
lively. (2023黑龙江绥化)
A. which B. whose C. who
9. —What can we do for the left-home children ________ need
help
—We could help them with their study online on weekends. (2023黑龙江龙东)
A. which B. who C. whom
B
C
10. The students are reading books _______ are full of the “red
spirit” these days. (2023吉林)
A. who B. where C. which
11. The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year
has become a new tourist attraction. (2023辽宁营口)
A. which B. who C. whom D. where
A
C
12. Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular
around the world. （2023四川乐山）
A. which B. whom C. who
C
Complete the poster for the photo competition. Use that, which or who. There may be more than one answer.
We need photos ____________ show daily life at school.
that / which
作主语不能省略
Photo competition
Send us your photos and win a new camera!
Your photos should record interesting things ___________ happen at school, inside the classroom or outside.
that / which
The photos ____________ you take should be active, beautiful and true.
The photos _____________ you send should include some words about them.
The size of the photos ___________ you take should be 9cm×
13cm.
Students __________ enter the competition should be between 10 and 16 years old.
that / which
that / which
that / which
who / that
作宾语能省略
作主语不能省略
The last date ____________ you should send your photos on is 30th November.
The lucky person __________ wins the competition will receive a new camera.
that / which
who / that
作宾语能省略
作主语不能省略
Get your camera and start taking your photos now!
In many English-speaking countries, two systems of measurement are used: imperial (英制的) (inch, foot, yard, mile, pound) and metric (米制的) (millimetre, centimetre, metre, kilometre, kilogram). You also need to recognise their short forms (in, ft, yd, ml, lb; mm, cm, m, km, kg).
Length Distance Weight
inch – in foot – ft yard – yd milimetre – mm centimetre – cm metre – m yard – yd mile – mi metre – m kilometre – km pound – lb
kilogram – kg
Complete the sentences so that they are true for you.
I like the writer who __________________________.
2. I would like to visit a place that _______________________.
3. I go to a school which ________________________________
______________________.
4. My favourite band is the one that ______________________
_________________.
wrote the Harry Potter books
has lots of sunny beaches
only accepts students who are good at English
we saw at the concert last week
5. I have never seen a doctor who _____________________
__________________.
6. I want to take a photo which _______________________
______________________.
7. Our teacher is the man who _______________________.
wears shorts in the operating theatre
shows my pet cat playing in a cardboard box
is wearing a purple shirt
Talk about the two photos.
I like the photo which …
I don’t like the photo which …
The photo which … is …
Then talk about the people in the photos.
The girl who …
Now ask questions about the photos and write down your answers.
– Which photo …
– The one …
Work in pairs. Look around the class and describe someone or something to your partner. Can your partner guess who or what you are describing
She is a girl who has glasses and long hair.
It is something that you use to paint pictures.
Complete the conversation with the expressions in the box.
by the way even though far from
thousands of try … out
Jerry: Hi, how are you I haven’t seen you for a long time … Wow, is that a new camera, ___________
Tina: Yes. I dropped my old one, and it was too expensive to repair. So I bought a new one. This one is much better. It’s so much lighter and easier to use than the old one. I’ve learnt how to work it already, ____________ I’ve only had it for a couple of days.
by the way
even though
And I don’t have to worry about getting prints of all the photos — I can store _____________ photos on my computer!
thousands of
by the way even though far from
thousand of try … out
Jerry: Wow, that’s great! I’m thinking of getting a camera too. Do you mind if I _____ it _____
Tina: Of course not. Let’s go to the lake. It’s not __________ here. The lake would make a really good photo.
try out
far from
Listen and read the passage, and complete the table.
When What happened
In 1827
In the early 1830s
After 1840
In the 1880s
By the end of the nineteenth century
Niépce invented a camera and the first successful photograph was produced.
A new kind of camera was invented.
People could take pictures of moving things.
Photography became a kind of art.
People could buy film in small boxes.
The first successful photo was produced in _________.
2. Because it took a long time to take a photo, people in early photos did not ________.
3. The first photographers needed to know how to ____________ and _________ them.
4. Kodak introduced a camera that could be used by everyone in ______.
5. Kodak’s camera was ________ and ________ than any of the earlier cameras.
6. Cameras with computer technology were introduced in ___________.
Listen and complete the sentences.
1827
smile
take photos
develop
1888
smaller
lighter
the 1990s
I’m going to tell you about the history of photography.
The first successful photograph was produced in 1827. At first, it took a long time to take a picture, so people in early photographs didn’t smile. The first photographers needed to know not only how to take photos, but also how to develop them.
Then, in 1888, Kodak introduced a camera that could be used by everyone. It wasn’t expensive. It was easy to use.
And Kodak helped customers develop the photos. Although today we would find it big and heavy, Kodak’s camera was smaller and lighter than any other earlier cameras. After its invention, taking photographs became a very popular hobby. Cameras became smaller and smaller.
Cameras with computer technology were introduced in the 1990s. There isn’t even a need for printing the photos. Today you can buy camera phones, so maybe there isn’t even a need for a separate camera at all!
A famous photo
The picture of the earth from space was taken by William Anders on the Apollo 8 trip into space.
Look at the photo and read the title. Talk about why the photo is famous.
Read the passage and discuss how you think the photographer felt when he was taking the photo, and how you think people felt when they first saw it.
Talk about other famous photos.
If you do not know of any, which events in history would you have liked to witness and take a photo of
Making a photo display
Choose your favorite photo and describe it.
Choose one photo you like best.
Write a passage or story about it. Say what/who is in the photo, and why it is important to you.
体裁：说明文
时态：以过去时为主
人称：以第三人称为主
在介绍照片时，可以先使用一般过去时对拍摄照片的地点、时间进行描述，而后用过去进行时描述照片中的具体场景。通过动词时态的变化与前后呼应，使上下文很自然地建立起一种逻辑关系。
This is the photo that I like best.
It was taken ...
It shows ...
I like this photo because it reminds me of …
I really like it because it makes me feel …
Work in groups. Talk about your photo. Use the passage or story you have written in Activity 8 to help you.
Show the group your photo. Tell them why you like it, and why it is important to you.
Answer questions your group may have.
Listen to the other members of your group talk about their photos.
Show your photos from the group to the whole class and talk about them.
关系词 修饰的词 句中作的成分
which 物 主语，宾语
who 人 主语，宾语
whom 人 宾语
which, who (whom) 引导的定语从句。
关系词在句中作宾语时通常可以省略，作主语时不能省略。
Once upon a time, in a small town called Sunnyville, there lived a girl named Lily. Unlike many of her friends who wanted to be (1)_______, Lily loved photography and wanted to be an artist.
However, Lily had some (2)___________________ mastering (掌握) the skills of taking photos. To improve herself, she took a photography course and practised hard all the time.
Ⅰ. 根据材料内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，使材料意思
完整、通顺，注意形式变化。
singers
difficulty / difficulties
subject, standard, hold, congratulations, difficult, sing, add, win, feel, present
One day, Lily learned that a national photo competition would be (3)_______ in her country. She felt excited and picked out her best photos. They were all of a high (4)_________ and each told a special story. Lily sent them to the competition organisers. She felt confident and had a(n) (5)_______ that she would be sure to win a prize.
held
standard
subject, standard, hold, congratulations, difficult, sing, add, win, feel, present
feeling
Weeks passed and one sunny afternoon, Lily received a text message saying that she won first place for the (6)_______ Nature in her age group. She would be invited to attend the prize-giving ceremony (典礼). At the news, her friends and relatives all sent their (7)_____________ to her.
Several days later, the prize-giving time finally arrived. At the ceremony, first the (8)_______ were called out one by one. After that, each of them was (9)_________ with the prize.
subject
congratulations
winners
subject, standard, hold, congratulations, difficult, sing, add, win, feel, present
presented
From that day on, Lily continued entering photo competitions and each experience (10)_______ to her growth (成长) as an artist.
From Lily's story, we can learn that with determination (决心) and hard work, dreams can come true.
added
subject, standard, hold, congratulations, difficult, sing, add, win, feel, present
II. 根据自己的实际情况，完成下列句子，要求用到定语从句。
1. I have some friends __________________________________.
2. I'm going to buy a phone ______________________________.
3. I like meeting people __________________________________.
4. I never wear clothes ____________________________________.
5. My favourite films are those _____________________________
_________________.
who / that enjoy playing football
which / that takes good photos
who / that have travelled a lot
which / that are too big or uncomfortable
which / that teach important life
lessons in a fun way
I can
understand and apply the attributive clause with which and who.
practise and apply new vocabulary.
complete a task involving making a photo show.
Choose your favorite photo(s) and give a brief introduction.
