(共49张PPT)
Module 12
Module 12 Save our world
Unit 3
Language in use
1. To learn and summarise the rules of word building
2. To be able to learn words more easily
3. To learn about Earth Hour and know more about how to reduce, reuse and recycle
4. To discuss and share about what you can do about pollution
Reuse means “_________”.
Though __________ (pollute) is heavy now, I don’t think it’s __________ (hope).
use again
pollution
hopeless
Can you list more compound words
one new compound word
one word
one word
+
Do you know the meanings of these words
Read the following sentences and pay attention to the words in red.
1. Reuse means “use again”.
2. Though pollution is heavy now, I don’t think it’s hopeless.
3. If the rivers are polluted, farmers can’t use the water for their crops.
4. If everyone starts to do something, the world will be saved.
5. We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day, and it is harmful to our environment.
6. Repeat these three words daily: reduce, reuse and recycle.
7. Before you buy something new, think whether it is really necessary because maybe old one is just as good!
8. … but let’s take these simple steps today so that we will save the world for our grandsons and granddaughters tomorrow.
9. This system is wasteful of time and energy.
1. 合成法
将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成新词的方法叫做合成法。合成法是一种比较灵活的构词方法，可以合成名词、形容词、副词、代词、动词等。例如：afternoon, sportsman, blackboard, sportsperson, newspaper, airplane, classmate, grandfather等就是通过合成构词法构成的名词；kind-hearted, middle-aged, hard-working 等为合成形容词；however, maybe, himself, everyone, nothing, overlook 等也都是通过合成法构成的单词。
构 词 法
2. 派生法
通过在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个新词的方法叫作派生法。
要通过派生法理解和记忆单词, 要掌握常见的前缀和后缀及派生规律。
1) 常见前缀
前缀 含义 例词
dis- 表示 “相反”或“否定” disagree, dislike
en- 使……处于某种状态 enable, enrich
im-, in- 不﹐无﹐非 impossible, impatient, inexpensive
inter- 在……之间, 相互 international, interconnect
前缀 含义 例词
mis- 错误地 mislead, misunderstand
non- 不, 非 non-smoker, non-native
re- 再, 重复 rewrite, retell
un- 表示“否定”、“缺乏”或“相反” unable, unhappy, unpopular
2) 常见后缀
后缀 功能 例词
-er, -or 构成名词 teacher, worker, visitor
-ian musician
-ing building, painting, shopping, meaning
-ist artist, scientist
后缀 功能 例词
-ment 构成名词 agreement, government
-ness coldness, happiness, illness
-th truth, warmth
-tion competition, education, information, invitation
-ty activity, safety
后缀 功能 例词
-able, -ible 构成形容词 comfortable, eatable, enjoyable, possible
-al environmental, international, national, traditional
-ful careful, helpful, useful
-ive active, expensive
-less careless, helpless, homeless, useless
后缀 功能 例词
-ly 构成 形容词 friendly, lovely, monthly, weekly
-ous dangerous, famous
-teen 构成数词 eighteen, fifteen, seventeen
-th fifteenth, fifth, fortieth, seventh
-ty forty, sixty, twenty
-ly 构成副词 badly, carefully, carelessly, happily, quickly
3) 派生规律
由一个词根加上相应的词缀可以派生出名词、形容词、副词等，掌握派生规律对扩充词汇有很大帮助。例如：
uninteresting
interestingly
interest
interesting
interested
uninterested
helpful — helpfully
help
helpless — helplessly
able
enable
unable
ability
disable
3. 转化法
构词法中把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变的方法称作转化法。常见的转化有：
1) 动词转化为名词
— Let’s talk about it more.
咱们再谈谈这件事吧。
— I think we’d better finish the talk now.
我想我们最好现在结束谈话。
2) 名词转化为动词
She gave me a cup of water.
她给了我一杯水。
You should water the flowers twice a day.
你应该每天给这些花浇两次水。
3) 形容词转化为名词
She was wearing a black dress.
她穿着一条黑色的裙子。
The girl in black looks very beautiful.
那个穿黑衣服的女孩看上去很漂亮。
Make new words. Join the parts of words in Box A with the words in Box B. You need to use some of the parts more than once.
A –able -ful im- -less re- un-
B care collect hope possible use
usual wanted waste
collectable, usable, careful, hopeful, useful, wasteful, impossible, careless, hopeless, useless, reuse, unusual, unwanted
Play the guessing game English for Fun.
English for Fun
full of care ____________
2. can be collected ____________
3. full of hope ____________
4. without any hope ____________
5. not possible ____________
careful
collectable
hopeful
hopeless
impossible
6. not usual ____________
7. without any use ____________
8. use again ____________
9. not wanted ____________
10. making a lot of waste ____________
unusual
useless
reuse
unwanted
wasteful
Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
hopeful impossible reuse unhealthy wasteful
Polluted water is _________.
2. It is _________ to throw so much food away.
3. If you look after things well, you may _________ some of them later.
4. It is _________ to clean up the whole river in such a short time.
5. If we pay attention to pollution now, the future will be _________.
unhealthy
wasteful
reuse
impossible
hopeful
Complete the table.
Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
useful/useless
hope hopefully/hopelessly
pollution —
water — —
waste
— — usually/unusually
use
use
usefully/uselessly
hope
hopeful/hopeless
pollute
polluted/unpolluted
water
waste
wasteful/wasted
wastefully
usual/unusual
3. Do not use so much water. It is very _________.
4. To keep the flowers growing, you need to _______ them once a day.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.
She was hopeful that her new job would make her more successful.
The factory ________ the river, and the fish died.
2. We often walk in the countryside. It is a(n) ________ activity for us.
polluted
usual
wasteful
water
Complete the sentences.
A lunchbox is a box that you keep your lunch in.
A _________ is a card that you write on one side of and send to someone by post.
2. A _________ is a room where you have classes at school.
postcard
classroom
3. A __________ is a book that has one or more stories for children.
4. A __________ is a black board that is used at school for writing on with chalk.
storybook
blackboard
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
What kinds of things can be recycled
2. How can these things be reused
3. How does this help the environment
4. Have you ever recycled or used things that can be recycled How
Cloth — old clothes, old mops
Paper — old notebooks, envelopes, boxes, paper cups
Glass — bottles, jars, broken drinking glasses
What kinds of things can be recycled
2. How can these things be reused
Recycled paper can be used for notebooks, tickets or writing paper.
Complete the conversation with the correct form of the expressions in the box.
be good for throw away turn off worry about
Mike: I hear you are off to the Caribbean for a holiday! Lucky you! But aren’t you (1) ______________ the pollution that such long plane journey may cause for the environment
Ken: I know, but what can I do about it I’ve already tried my best to protect the environment. I recycle.
worried about
I don’t (2) ____________ things if I don’t want them any more. I (3) ____________ the lights when I leave a room. Don’t tell me I shouldn’t travel by plane any more!
throw away
turn off
be good for throw away turn off worry about
Mike: No, of course not. But we can do more to protect the environment. For example, we can help keep the air clean by planting trees. Trees (4) ____________ the environment. In this way, we can reduce the harm of pollution.
are good for
Ken: Good! So I can enjoy my holiday, and when I come back, I’ll plant some trees!
Mike: That’s the idea! Maybe we can all join in and start a small forest!
Listen and check (√) the true sentences.
1. It is OK to throw used things away. Looking after them takes a lot of time.
2. Do not throw away things made of glass, plastic and paper, but recycle them when possible.
3. Take a bag when you go shopping.
√
√
4. Producing electricity and using oil will not cause pollution.
5. Turn off lights when you do not need them.
6. Ride a bike or walk, and do not often drive your car.
√
√
Listen again and check your answers.
Listen again and complete the table.
Advice Reasons
1. Don’t throw away things made of _________________ ______, but _______ them. Throwing things away is wasteful.
2. _______ your plastic bags when you can and __________ with you when you go shopping. Plastic bags __________ recycle.
glass, plastic and
paper
recycle
Reuse
take a bag
are hard to
Advice Reasons
3. Use less electricity and oil to _______________. 4. Don’t leave lights on and _______________. 5. ____________ and do not often drive your car. Producing electricity and using oil may cause _________.
reduce pollution
waste electricity
Walk or cycle
pollution
1. When is Earth Hour held each year
Earth Hour is held toward the end of March each year.
2. Why do people switch off the lights they do not need during Earth Hour
They do this to show their awareness of climate change.
Read the passage and answer the questions.
3. When and where was the first Earth Hour held
The first Earth Hour was held in 2007 in Sydney, where more than 2.2 million people switched off their lights.
4. Which cities take part in the event today
More and more cities are taking part in the event, such as Beijing, London, Rome and New York.
Work in groups. Decide what kind of pollution you want to talk about.
Discussing what you can do about pollution
Choose a subject that you care about the most. It could be water pollution, air pollution, etc.
Find out more information about your subject. Look it up on a website or in a book.
water pollution
air pollution
noise pollution
soil pollution
Discuss your subject.
Take turns to say what you think about the problem and what can be done.
Listen to what others say. If you agree with what they have said, say “I agree”. “That’s true” or “That’s a good point”; if you do not agree with what someone says, say “I’m sorry, but I don’t agree. I think that …”
Present your group’s ideas to the whole class.
We discussed …
We agree that …
In our opinion, …
We do not all agree that …
Although …
We suggest that …
1. This young __________(music) has a bright future.
2. The traffic here is very __________(danger) for children.
3. Don't run down the stairs. Just walk down _________(slow).
4. With the ____________(develop) of China, Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.
5. “Umbralla” is a(n) __________(correct) spelling. It should be “umbrella”.
Ⅰ. 根据语境，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
musician
dangerous
slowly
development
incorrect
6. They were touched by the ________(warm) of the welcome.
7. The snow will soon __________(appear) when the warm weather comes.
8. Road __________(safe) is taught to young children to avoid road accidents.
9. As you like music, you can introduce some famous __________(sing) to me.
10. The novel is written from __________(person) experience.
warmth
disappear
safety
singers
personal
In the city of Brightville, there lived a young boy named Oliver. He loved his city and always wanted to do something for it.
One day, Oliver noticed something that made him very (1)__________. The once clear river that flowed (流) through Brightville was (2)_________ and lots of fish in the river had died. Rubbish like (3)__________ bottles and food wrappers (包装纸) littered the parks and public places.
Ⅱ. 根据材料内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，使材料意思完整、通顺，注意形式变化。
policy, step, plastic, grandson, cloth, hope, pollute, divide, worry, waste
worried
polluted
plastic
Instead of feeling (4)__________, Oliver decided to make a difference. He created “The Earth Squad (地球小队)”. Oliver and The Earth Squad called on people to take (5)__________ to protect the environment. They believed that Brightville could be saved if everyone started to do something, such as saving energy and reducing (6)__________.
Oliver and The Earth Squad started by organising (组织) a clean-up day. Many people from the community, including an old man and his (7)____________, joined in the activity.
hopeless
steps
waste
grandson(s)
policy, step, plastic, grandson, cloth, hope, pollute, divide, worry, waste
They were (8)__________ into groups to pick up rubbish in the streets, parks and other public places.
Oliver and The Earth Squad also visited schools and community centres to show people how simple actions, like bringing (9)________ bags to the supermarket and using reusable water bottles, could have a big influence on the environment.
At the same time, the city government realised the importance of protecting the environment and introduced a recycling (10)________. Before long, Brightville became clean and beautiful once again.
divided
cloth
policy
policy, step, plastic, grandson, cloth, hope, pollute, divide, worry, waste
How well can you do these things Very well OK Needs work
Learn the rules of word building and learn words more easily Learn about Earth Hour and know more about how to reduce, reuse and recycle Discuss and share about what you can do about pollution
Write a passage about your discussion about what you can do about pollution. (about 100 words)
Review what you have learned in Module 12 and create a mind map.
