Section 9 Reading Club (自修课)
(一)Reading Club 1 ——自主学案
积词汇
一、掌握高频词汇
1．We all want to be part of a group and feel like we belong to our community.
我们都想成为一个团体的一部分，想要成为我们社区的一分子。
★belong to是……的成员；属于
[用法感知]
①(“申请”类佳句)I belong to a painting club, which enables me to deepen visitors' understanding of Chinese culture.我是绘画俱乐部成员，这能让我加深游客对中国文化的了解。
②Everyone has a desire for success while success only belongs to the hard working people.
每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力工作的人。
归纳点拨 (1)belong to sb. 属于某人，归某人所有belong to sth. 是某俱乐部(组织等)的成员；是某族类或纲目的一部分(2)belonging n. 归属a sense of belonging 归属感(3)belongings n. 动产，财物；携带的物品
名师点津 (1)belong含有持续进行的意思，不能用进行时。(2)belong是不及物动词，没有含被动意味的过去分词，无被动语态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词形式。(3)belong to中的to为介词，之后需跟名词、代词、动名词或what引导的宾语从句。
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/句式升级)
③Professor William keeps telling his students that the future belongs ____________ the well educated.
④It's important to have a sense of __________ (belong)．
⑤The guests are reminded to take everything which belongs to them before leaving the hotel.
→The guests are reminded to take everything
________________________________________________________________________.
(分词短语作定语)
2．People who are low in confidence and unsure of themselves may be more likely to see their peers' approval by going along with risky suggestions or choosing the “wrong” path.
缺乏自信和对自己不确定的人可能更倾向于通过采纳有风险的建议或选择“错误的”道路来寻求同伴的认可。
★approval n．赞许；同意；正式批准
[用法感知]
①Take it easy and you are sure to meet with your parents' approval.
别紧张，你一定会得到你父母的认可的。
②Hopefully, you can approve of my ideas and perfect our library.
希望你能同意我的想法并完善我们的图书馆。
[归纳点拨]
(1)approve vi. 赞成；认可；同意
vt. 通过，批准
approve of ... 赞成……；同意……
approve of (sb./sb.'s) doing sth. 同意/赞成(某人)做某事
(2)approving adj. 赞成的，赞许的
disapprove v. 不赞成；不同意；不批准
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③I found many youngsters measure their status by how much public ____________ (approve) they got online.
④The professor made no comment about the speech, but gave an ____________ (approve) nod.
⑤I ________________________ to earn some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
我同意你去试着挣一些钱，可是不要误了功课。
3．Bullies pick easy targets — people who are outside the peer group and whom the group is unlikely to defend.
恃强凌弱的人选择容易(攻击)的目标——那些不属于同龄人群体，而且这个群体不太可能保护的人。
★defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫，防御；辩护，为……辩解
[用法感知]
①(“动作描写”佳句)Seeing the fierce dog, he rushed to defend/in defence of his son like an arrow.
看到那只凶猛的狗，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。
②Keeping a balanced diet and taking regular exercise can help defend ourselves against infection.保持均衡的饮食并经常锻炼有助于保护我们免受感染。
[归纳点拨]
(1)defend ... against/from ...保护……不受……
defend sb./oneself/sth. (from/against ...)(针对……)为……辩解/辩护
(2)defence n. 保卫；辩护
in defence of ... 为……申辩；为了保卫……
in defence 防守
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Every citizen should do what they can to defend the motherland ____________ invasion.
④The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in ____________ (defend) of their country.
⑤She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if ________________________________________________________________________.
她向后退了几步，显得很惊讶，并举起双手，好像在自卫。
二、拓展主题词汇
1．pressure n． 压力
2．influence n. 影响；有影响的人或事
vt. 影响；改变
3．confidence n. 信心；信任
4．different adj. 不同的；个别的，与众不同的
5．challenge n. 挑战
vt. 向……挑战
6．resist v. 抵制
7．build up 增进，加强
8．get along with 和……相处
学佳句
一、经典句式背诵仿写
1.
悟原句 The most important thing is to build up self confidence, so that it is easier to say “no” to the peer group.(so that 引导目的状语从句)最重要的是建立自信，这样更容易对同龄群体说“不”。
写佳句 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)To begin with, it couldn't be better if students with mixed levels of English could be grouped together deliberately, during our practice.首先，如果不同英语水平的学生能被有意识地分组在一起，这样我们就可以在练习中互相帮助，那就再好不过了。
2.
悟原句 It's also important for young people to think about the consequences of their actions.(It is/was＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth.)对年轻人来说，思考自己行为的后果也很重要。
写佳句 (2023·全国乙卷书面表达) some basic living skills to prepare us for our future life.对我们来说，掌握一些基本的生活技能使我们未来的生活做好准备是很重要的。
二、复杂句式化繁为简
1.
[改写成简单句] (仅改定语从句)
2.
[改写成简单句] (仅改定语从句二)
析语篇
一、阅读理解
1．What kind of people can have peer pressure
A．People following fashion.
B．People liking to comment on others.
C．People lacking confidence in themselves.
D．People making more friends than others.
2．Which of the following is NOT true in avoiding peer pressure
A．Making a different decision.
B．Building up self confidence.
C．Choosing friends wisely.
D．Thinking about the consequences of their actions.
3．What attitude does the author have towards peer pressure
A．Positive. B．Negative.
C．Objective. D．Neutral.
二、思维培养
1．Why do some students become the targets for bullies
2．How will the school take action to get rid of school bullying
(二)Reading Club 2 ——自主学案
积词汇
一、掌握高频词汇
In contrast to extroverts, they value fewer, but deeper experiences.
与外向的人相比，他们更看重的是少但层次更深的经历。
★contrast n．差异，差别vt.形成对比；对照
[用法感知]
①I contrasted the cost of living in the cities with that of living in the suburbs, finding the former to be significantly higher.
我将城市的生活成本与郊区的生活成本进行了对比，发现前者要高得多。
②In contrast with my mother, my dad was a little worried and proposed calling the fire department.
与妈妈相比，爸爸有点担心，他建议打电话给消防部门。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in contrast to/with 与……相比
in/by contrast 与之相反；相比之下
(2)contrast ... and/with ...把……和……进行对比
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Contrast fresh ____________ frozen vegetables and you'll find the fresh ones taste better.
④A study has found that women drivers, in contrast ____________ men drivers, are generally more careful and considerate on the road.
⑤Most people work because it's unavoidable. ____________ contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.
⑥He is an old farmer, whose grey hair ________________________________ his dark skin.
他是一个老农民，他灰白的头发和黝黑的皮肤形成了鲜明的对比。
二、拓展主题词汇
1．personality n． 个性
2．unique adj. 独特的
3．quiet adj. 安静的
4．unmotivated adj. 不积极的，不主动的
5．characteristic n. 特征；特点
6．shape v. 塑造
7．thoughtful adj. 深思的
8．take action 采取行动
学佳句
一、经典句式背诵仿写
1.
悟原句 It is what makes people individual and unique.(what引导表语从句)它是使人独一无二的东西。
写佳句 Su Shi's philosophy of life is .苏轼的人生观给我留下了最深刻的印象。
2.
悟原句 When feeling bad or stressed, introverts look inside themselves for energy and motivation.(状语从句的省略)当感觉不好或者压力很大时，内向的人会从自己内心寻找能量和动力。
写佳句 (2023·浙江1月高考写作) ， I cast an unconscious glance at it.走过挤奶房时，我不自觉地朝它瞥了一眼。
二、复杂句式化繁为简
1.
[改写成简单句]
2.
[改写成简单句] (改宾语从句和定语从句)
析语篇
一、阅读理解
1．What are the personality traits of introverts
A．Comfortable with friends.
B．Thoughtful and enthusiastic.
C．Reserved and quiet.
D．Self confident and considerate.
2．What can you infer from the last paragraph
A．Introverts tend to be happier than extroverts.
B．Both genetics and environment play an important role in shaping one's personality.
C．People in Thailand might have a preference for “introverts”．
D．Different cultures have different opinions about the two personalities.
3．How is the text organised
A．By giving definition.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By giving different examples.
D．By analyzing causes.
二、思维培养
1．Do you value extrovert qualities or introvert ones Why
2．Why do introverts often work as inventors
Section 9 Reading Club (自修课)
(一)Reading Club 1
积词汇
1．③to ④belonging
⑤belonging to them before leaving the hotel
2．③approval ④approving ⑤approve of your trying
3．③against/from ④defence ⑤in defence
学佳句
一、1.so that we can help each other
2．It is important for us to master
二、1.We would not usually do something.
2．The group is unlikely to defend them.
析语篇
一、1～3 CAB
二、1.Because they are different from the majority of their peers or they look weak.
2．The school can post advertisements promoting the anti bullying campaign and punish those bullies seriously.
(二)Reading Club 2
积词汇
③with/and ④with/to ⑤By/In
⑥makes a sharp contrast with/contrasts sharply with
学佳句
一、1.what impresses me most
2．When walking past the milking house
二、1.However, some shared personality qualities let us talk about personality “types”．
2．People living on islands tend to be more introverted.
析语篇
一、1～3 CCB
二、1.I value extrovert qualities because extroverts often bring happiness and create cheerful atmosphere.
2．Because they tend to be quiet and thoughtful.(共78张PPT)
Section 9
Reading Club (自修课)
NO 1
(一)Reading Club 1 ——自主学案
NO 2
(二)Reading Club 2 ——自主学案
NO 3
课时检测
目 录
一、掌握高频词汇
1．We all want to be part of a group and feel like we belong to our community.
我们都想成为一个团体的一部分，想要成为我们社区的一分子。
★belong to是……的成员；属于
No.1 (一)Reading Club 1 ——自主学案
积词汇
[用法感知]
①(“申请”类佳句)I belong to a painting club, which enables me to deepen visitors' understanding of Chinese culture.我是绘画俱乐部成员，这能让我加深游客对中国文化的了解。
②Everyone has a desire for success while success only belongs to the hard-working people.
每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力工作的人。
归纳点拨 (1)belong to sb. 属于某人，归某人所有
belong to sth. 是某俱乐部(组织等)的成员；是某族类或纲目的一部分
(2)belonging n. 归属
a sense of belonging 归属感
(3)belongings n. 动产，财物；携带的物品
续表
名师点津 (1)belong含有持续进行的意思，不能用进行时。
(2)belong是不及物动词，没有含被动意味的过去分词，无被动语态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词形式。
(3)belong to中的to为介词，之后需跟名词、代词、动名词或what引导的宾语从句。
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/句式升级)
③Professor William keeps telling his students that the future belongs the well-educated.
④It's important to have a sense of (belong)．
to
belonging
⑤The guests are reminded to take everything which belongs to them before leaving the hotel.
→The guests are reminded to take everything _________________ _____________________. (分词短语作定语)
belonging to them
before leaving the hotel
2．People who are low in confidence and unsure of themselves may be more likely to see their peers' approval by going along with risky suggestions or choosing the “wrong” path.
缺乏自信和对自己不确定的人可能更倾向于通过采纳有风险的建议或选择“错误的”道路来寻求同伴的认可。
★approval n．赞许；同意；正式批准
[用法感知]
①Take it easy and you are sure to meet with your parents' approval.
别紧张，你一定会得到你父母的认可的。
②Hopefully, you can approve of my ideas and perfect our library.
希望你能同意我的想法并完善我们的图书馆。
[归纳点拨]
(1)approve vi. 赞成；认可；同意
vt. 通过，批准
approve of ... 赞成……；同意……
approve of (sb./sb.'s) doing sth. 同意/赞成(某人)做某事
(2)approving adj. 赞成的，赞许的
disapprove v. 不赞成；不同意；不批准
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③I found many youngsters measure their status by how much public (approve) they got online.
④The professor made no comment about the speech, but gave an __________(approve) nod.
⑤I to earn some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
我同意你去试着挣一些钱，可是不要误了功课。
approval
approving
approve of your trying
3．Bullies pick easy targets — people who are outside the peer group and whom the group is unlikely to defend.
恃强凌弱的人选择容易(攻击)的目标——那些不属于同龄人群体，而且这个群体不太可能保护的人。
★defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫，防御；辩护，为……辩解
[用法感知]
①(“动作描写”佳句)Seeing the fierce dog, he rushed to defend/in defence of his son like an arrow.
看到那只凶猛的狗，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。
②Keeping a balanced diet and taking regular exercise can help defend ourselves against infection.
保持均衡的饮食并经常锻炼有助于保护我们免受感染。
[归纳点拨]
(1)defend ... against/from ... 保护……不受……
defend sb./oneself/sth. (from/against ...)
(针对……)为……辩解/辩护
(2)defence n. 保卫；辩护
in defence of ... 为……申辩；为了保卫……
in defence 防守
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Every citizen should do what they can to defend the motherland _____________invasion.
④The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in _________(defend) of their country.
⑤She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if .
她向后退了几步，显得很惊讶，并举起双手，好像在自卫。
against/from
defence
in defence
二、拓展主题词汇
1．pressure n． 压力
2．influence n. 影响；有影响的人或事
vt. 影响；改变
3．confidence n. 信心；信任
4．different adj. 不同的；个别的，与众不同的
5．challenge n. 挑战
vt. 向……挑战
6．resist v. 抵制
7．build up 增进，加强
8．get along with 和……相处
一、经典句式背诵仿写
1.
学佳句
悟原句 The most important thing is to build up self-confidence, so that it is easier to say “no” to the peer group.(so that 引导目的状语从句)
最重要的是建立自信，这样更容易对同龄群体说“不”。
续表
写佳句 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)To begin with, it couldn't be better if students with mixed levels of English could be grouped together deliberately, _____________________________ during our practice.
首先，如果不同英语水平的学生能被有意识地分组在一起，这样我们就可以在练习中互相帮助，那就再好不过了。
so that we can help each other
2.
悟原句 It's also important for young people to think about the consequences of their actions.(It is/was＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth.)
对年轻人来说，思考自己行为的后果也很重要。
写佳句 (2023·全国乙卷书面表达)____________________________ some basic living skills to prepare us for our future life.
对我们来说，掌握一些基本的生活技能使我们未来的生活做好准备是很重要的。
It is important for us to master
二、复杂句式化繁为简
1.
[改写成简单句] (仅改定语从句)
We would not usually do something.
2.
[改写成简单句] (仅改定语从句二)
The group is unlikely to defend them.
一、阅读理解
1．What kind of people can have peer pressure
A．People following fashion.
B．People liking to comment on others.
C．People lacking confidence in themselves.
D．People making more friends than others.
析语篇
√
2．Which of the following is NOT true in avoiding peer pressure
A．Making a different decision.
B．Building up self-confidence.
C．Choosing friends wisely.
D．Thinking about the consequences of their actions.
√
3．What attitude does the author have towards peer pressure
A．Positive. B．Negative.
C．Objective. D．Neutral.
√
二、思维培养
1．Why do some students become the targets for bullies
Because they are different from the majority of their peers or they look weak.
2．How will the school take action to get rid of school bullying
The school can post advertisements promoting the anti-bullying campaign and punish those bullies seriously.
No.2 (二)Reading Club 2 ——自主学案
一、掌握高频词汇
In contrast to extroverts, they value fewer, but deeper experiences.
与外向的人相比，他们更看重的是少但层次更深的经历。
★contrast n．差异，差别vt.形成对比；对照
积词汇
[用法感知]
①I contrasted the cost of living in the cities with that of living in the suburbs, finding the former to be significantly higher.
我将城市的生活成本与郊区的生活成本进行了对比，发现前者要高得多。
②In contrast with my mother, my dad was a little worried and proposed calling the fire department.
与妈妈相比，爸爸有点担心，他建议打电话给消防部门。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in contrast to/with 与……相比
in/by contrast 与之相反；相比之下
(2)contrast ... and/with ... 把……和……进行对比
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Contrast fresh frozen vegetables and you'll find the fresh ones taste better.
④A study has found that women drivers, in contrast___________ men drivers, are generally more careful and considerate on the road.
⑤Most people work because it's unavoidable. contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.
with/and
with/to
By/In
⑥He is an old farmer, whose grey hair _____________________ ________________________his dark skin.
他是一个老农民，他灰白的头发和黝黑的皮肤形成了鲜明的对比。
makes a sharp contrast
with/contrasts sharply with
二、拓展主题词汇
1．personality n． 个性
2．unique adj. 独特的
3．quiet adj. 安静的
4．unmotivated adj. 不积极的，不主动的
5．characteristic n. 特征；特点
6．shape v. 塑造
7．thoughtful adj. 深思的
8．take action 采取行动
一、经典句式背诵仿写
1.
学佳句
悟原句 It is what makes people individual and unique.(what引导表语从句)
它是使人独一无二的东西。
写佳句 Su Shi's philosophy of life is______________________.
苏轼的人生观给我留下了最深刻的印象。
what impresses me most
2.
悟原句 When feeling bad or stressed, introverts look inside themselves for energy and motivation.(状语从句的省略)
当感觉不好或者压力很大时，内向的人会从自己内心寻找能量和动力。
写佳句 (2023·浙江1月高考写作)__________________________________, I cast an unconscious glance at it.
走过挤奶房时，我不自觉地朝它瞥了一眼。
When walking past the milking house
二、复杂句式化繁为简
1.
[改写成简单句]
However, some shared personality qualities let us talk about personality “types”．
2.
[改写成简单句] (改宾语从句和定语从句)
People living on islands tend to be more introverted.
一、阅读理解
1．What are the personality traits of introverts
A．Comfortable with friends.
B．Thoughtful and enthusiastic.
C．Reserved and quiet.
D．Self-confident and considerate.
√
析语篇
2．What can you infer from the last paragraph
A．Introverts tend to be happier than extroverts.
B．Both genetics and environment play an important role in shaping one's personality.
C．People in Thailand might have a preference for “introverts”．
D．Different cultures have different opinions about the two personalities.
√
3．How is the text organised
A．By giving definition.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By giving different examples.
D．By analyzing causes.
√
二、思维培养
1．Do you value extrovert qualities or introvert ones Why
I value extrovert qualities because extroverts often bring happiness and create cheerful atmosphere.
2．Why do introverts often work as inventors
Because they tend to be quiet and thoughtful.
No.3 课时检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A cycling session at Queen Mary homeless women's hostel (招待所) in London starts.Eleven women discuss what they're hoping to achieve in today's session.Then they push their bikes to a basketball court to practise in an off-road environment.Supported by instructors, they practise riding by themselves.Sometimes these women feel a little tired because they take medicine, but they have all made up their minds for cycling training.
Last year Queen Mary approached Sustrans (a charity) to set up a cycling club for women.Many of them have low levels of fitness.All have survived challenging situations ranging from social isolation (孤立) to abusive (虐待的) relationships.The hostel staff, who are experienced mental health experts, try to develop cycling to build the women's confidence and give them access to other fields of society.
The hostel is moving away from traditional treatment of mental health with the belief that cycling could be a really useful tool in helping the women live on their own.After the success of a 10-week pilot project, the cycling club received financial support of ￡10,000 to continue the club.
In modern society, homelessness and mental health problems often go hand in hand.Studies have shown that physical activities, including walking and cycling, can be used to overcome and even prevent stress, depression and anxiety.It can be more effective than medical treatment.
Women, however, are less likely than men to take part in physical activity.Women in the UK make nearly three times fewer cycling journeys than men.Two main causes of this are traditional barriers — mostly because women still undertake most household tasks — and fear of judgment.The network of bike routes has been expanded yet the “build it and they will come” approach ignores the fact that not all people start from the same point.Social interventions (干预) are a useful way to achieve equality of access to cycling.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙兼说明文。文章主要讲述了Queen Mary无家可归妇女旅馆联合慈善组织Sustrans成立了自行车俱乐部，为无家可归的女性提供骑行培训，目的是帮助她们树立自信，使她们能够重新融入社会，独立生存。
1．What can we learn about the women at Queen Mary
A．They are quite determined.
B．They used to be good athletes.
C．They committed serious crimes.
D．They teach themselves cycling.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“but they have all made up their minds for cycling training”可知，这些女性很有决心，积极参加骑行训练。
2．What's the main purpose in setting up the cycling club
A．To raise money for the poor.
B．To advocate the benefits of cycling.
C．To help homeless women get a good job.
D．To make homeless women better fit into society.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The hostel staff ... try to develop cycling to build the women's confidence and give them access to other fields of society.”可知，建立骑行俱乐部的主要目的在于帮助这些女性树立自信，融入社会的不同领域，获得独立生存的能力。
3．What does the author stress in the third paragraph
A．The harm of mental problems.
B．The causes of different mental states.
C．The various treatments for mental illness.
D．The positive effect of sports on mental health.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，体育运动能够克服甚至预防精神方面的各种问题，可能比药物更有效。因此作者旨在强调运动对精神健康的积极影响。
4．What is suggested for encouraging women to cycle
A．Building more bike routes.
B．Starting purposeful activities.
C．Providing support in housework.
D．Strengthening education on equality.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容尤其是“Social interventions are a useful way to achieve equality of access to cycling.”可知，为了让更多的女性骑行，文中给出的建议是要进行社会干预，开展针对性的活动。
B
Like the rest of us, scientists have long suspected the healing capacity (修复能力) of a good hug. Unlike the rest of us, they've gone about trying to prove it.
“Laboratory studies suggest that things like hugs help us feel safer. They can also make us less sensitive to physical pain and less reactive when we're faced with threatening experiences，” says Michael Murphy. He is a research professor in the department of psychological sciences at Texas Tech University. “This lab work has shown that hugs and other touch behavior are related to stress. The more stress we have, the more our heart rates and blood pressure go up. At this time, hugs and other forms of personal touch may give off all sorts of feel-good chemicals, so that stress can be reduced.”
“There's a lot that we still need to learn, and there's a lot we don't know，” Murphy says. “However, what seems to be rising up is that hugs, as well as other forms of loving and gentle touch, are really powerful. They remind people that they're cared about and that they have someone in their corner.”
“We expect touch. When we were born, we were placed in our mothers' arms almost immediately. In that first year of our life, we spend a lot of time being held by other people. And as we grow up, we seek out hugs and touch as a way of connection. I think what we have lost in the past few years are these really easy opportunities to be reminded of connection.”
While he was at Carnegie Mellon, Murphy was the lead author of a hug-centered article in the scientific journal PLOS One. In a series of interviews with 404 adults over a two-week period, the researchers found that receiving a hug is associated with the attenuation of negative emotions that occur on days with interpersonal conflicts. That is to say, generally, hugs help to reduce the negative impacts that personal conflicts may cause in our daily lives.
语篇解读：本文一篇是说明文。科学家研究发现，拥抱有治愈能力。
5．What can we infer about hugs from the laboratory studies
A．They show people's good social relationships.
B．They can cure us of our mental disease.
C．They can put much pressure on people.
D．They make us feel calm and at ease.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Laboratory studies suggest that ...with threatening experiences”可知，根据实验室的研究，拥抱能使我们感到平静和自在。
6．Why do people seek out hugs and touch as they grow up
A．To recall childhood memories.
B．To keep connected with others.
C．To solve relationship problems.
D．To express their social politeness.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And as we grow up, we seek out hugs and touch as a way of connection.”可知，随着人们长大，寻求拥抱和触摸是为了和他人保持联系。
7．What does the underlined word “attenuation” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Expression. B．Influence.
C．Suffering. D．Reduction.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“hugs help to reduce the negative impacts”可知，画线词与reduce相对应，故画线词意为“减少”。
√
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Power of Hugs
B．How to Reduce Stress
C．How to Care for Others
D．The Importance of Interpersonal Relations
√
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段可知，科学家们一直坚信拥抱的治愈力，后文一直在说拥抱如何治愈人们，所以本文的主旨是“拥抱的力量”。故A项适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Having good working relationships with your co-workers is important. Unfortunately, some co-workers can be rude, or unprofessional. It's easy to get stressed and struggle with productivity when you're suffering a bad work relationship. 9
One easiest way to avoid trouble is simply to avoid them when you can. Stay away from difficult co-workers if you don't have to work with them directly. Limit your interactions. 10 When you do need to speak with them, keep the discussion brief but pleasant.
11 Depending on the situation, it's healthiest to let go of your anger when a colleague acts out. Their bad behavior isn't your fault. As long as it doesn't interfere with your work, it's not your problem. Instead of taking their behavior personally, ignore it and move on.
Fight a co-worker's negativity with your own optimistic perspective. Does your co-worker seem to complain constantly 12 Your co-worker will get the information if you wisely change the topic or offer an opposite positive point of view. Without someone to fuel their negativity, they'll get bored and move on.
Understanding and empathizing with them makes it easier to get along. As you learn about your co-worker, you'll also gain insight into why they behave the way they do. 13 Your relationship may improve when you can empathize with their situation.
A．If so, build a positive attitude in response.
B．Try developing a few coping methods to help you.
C．Thankfully, there are ways to improve the situation.
D．Then you'll reduce the amount of frustration you feel.
E．They might be overworked, or going through a rough time.
F．Get to know your co-worker so you can understand why they act that way.
G．Letting bad behavior slide right off your shoulders is often the easiest way.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种帮助改善同事之间的工作关系的方法。
9．解析：选C 前文讲述了糟糕的工作关系会导致压力，影响工作效率；下文分段介绍了几种解决方法。由此可知，空处应承上启下，讲述有改善这种状况的方法。故C项“值得庆幸的是，有一些方法可以改善这种情况”符合语境。
10．解析：选D 前文讲述了如果不必与不对付的同事一起工作，就减少接触；空处应讲述这么做的好处，故D项“然后你会减少你感到的挫败感”符合语境。
11．解析：选G 根据空后内容可知，本段主要讲述的是忽略同事的行为，不要让自己感到愤怒，所以G项“让不良行为从你的肩上滑落通常是最简单的方法”能概括本段主旨。
12．解析：选A 前文建议用乐观对抗同事的消极情绪，并询问同事是否经常抱怨，空处应承接前文的询问，给出与该建议有关的答案，故A项“如果是这样，建立积极的应对态度”符合语境，选项中的“positive attitude”与首句中的“optimistic perspective”相照应。
13．解析：选E 前文讲述了在了解同事的过程中你会理解他们出现不良行为的原因，空处应列举相关的原因，故E项“他们可能工作过度，或者经历了一段艰难的时期”承接上文，符合语境。UNIT 1 课时检测(九) Reading Club (自修课)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A cycling session at Queen Mary homeless women's hostel (招待所) in London starts.Eleven women discuss what they're hoping to achieve in today's session.Then they push their bikes to a basketball court to practise in an off road environment.Supported by instructors, they practise riding by themselves.Sometimes these women feel a little tired because they take medicine, but they have all made up their minds for cycling training.
Last year Queen Mary approached Sustrans (a charity) to set up a cycling club for women.Many of them have low levels of fitness.All have survived challenging situations ranging from social isolation (孤立) to abusive (虐待的) relationships.The hostel staff, who are experienced mental health experts, try to develop cycling to build the women's confidence and give them access to other fields of society.The hostel is moving away from traditional treatment of mental health with the belief that cycling could be a really useful tool in helping the women live on their own.After the success of a 10 week pilot project, the cycling club received financial support of ￡10,000 to continue the club.
In modern society, homelessness and mental health problems often go hand in hand.Studies have shown that physical activities, including walking and cycling, can be used to overcome and even prevent stress, depression and anxiety.It can be more effective than medical treatment.
Women, however, are less likely than men to take part in physical activity.Women in the UK make nearly three times fewer cycling journeys than men.Two main causes of this are traditional barriers — mostly because women still undertake most household tasks — and fear of judgment.The network of bike routes has been expanded yet the “build it and they will come” approach ignores the fact that not all people start from the same point.Social interventions (干预) are a useful way to achieve equality of access to cycling.
1．What can we learn about the women at Queen Mary
A．They are quite determined.
B．They used to be good athletes.
C．They committed serious crimes.
D．They teach themselves cycling.
2．What's the main purpose in setting up the cycling club
A．To raise money for the poor.
B．To advocate the benefits of cycling.
C．To help homeless women get a good job.
D．To make homeless women better fit into society.
3．What does the author stress in the third paragraph
A．The harm of mental problems.
B．The causes of different mental states.
C．The various treatments for mental illness.
D．The positive effect of sports on mental health.
4．What is suggested for encouraging women to cycle
A．Building more bike routes.
B．Starting purposeful activities.
C．Providing support in housework.
D．Strengthening education on equality.
B
Like the rest of us, scientists have long suspected the healing capacity (修复能力) of a good hug. Unlike the rest of us, they've gone about trying to prove it.
“Laboratory studies suggest that things like hugs help us feel safer. They can also make us less sensitive to physical pain and less reactive when we're faced with threatening experiences，” says Michael Murphy. He is a research professor in the department of psychological sciences at Texas Tech University. “This lab work has shown that hugs and other touch behavior are related to stress. The more stress we have, the more our heart rates and blood pressure go up. At this time, hugs and other forms of personal touch may give off all sorts of feel good chemicals, so that stress can be reduced.”
“There's a lot that we still need to learn, and there's a lot we don't know，” Murphy says. “However, what seems to be rising up is that hugs, as well as other forms of loving and gentle touch, are really powerful. They remind people that they're cared about and that they have someone in their corner.”
“We expect touch. When we were born, we were placed in our mothers' arms almost immediately. In that first year of our life, we spend a lot of time being held by other people. And as we grow up, we seek out hugs and touch as a way of connection. I think what we have lost in the past few years are these really easy opportunities to be reminded of connection.”
While he was at Carnegie Mellon, Murphy was the lead author of a hug centered article in the scientific journal PLOS One. In a series of interviews with 404 adults over a two week period, the researchers found that receiving a hug is associated with the attenuation of negative emotions that occur on days with interpersonal conflicts. That is to say, generally, hugs help to reduce the negative impacts that personal conflicts may cause in our daily lives.
5．What can we infer about hugs from the laboratory studies
A．They show people's good social relationships.
B．They can cure us of our mental disease.
C．They can put much pressure on people.
D．They make us feel calm and at ease.
6．Why do people seek out hugs and touch as they grow up
A．To recall childhood memories.
B．To keep connected with others.
C．To solve relationship problems.
D．To express their social politeness.
7．What does the underlined word “attenuation” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Expression. B．Influence.
C．Suffering. D．Reduction.
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Power of Hugs
B．How to Reduce Stress
C．How to Care for Others
D．The Importance of Interpersonal Relations
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Having good working relationships with your co workers is important. Unfortunately, some co workers can be rude, or unprofessional. It's easy to get stressed and struggle with productivity when you're suffering a bad work relationship. __9__
One easiest way to avoid trouble is simply to avoid them when you can. Stay away from difficult co workers if you don't have to work with them directly. Limit your interactions. __10__ When you do need to speak with them, keep the discussion brief but pleasant.
__11__ Depending on the situation, it's healthiest to let go of your anger when a colleague acts out. Their bad behavior isn't your fault. As long as it doesn't interfere with your work, it's not your problem. Instead of taking their behavior personally, ignore it and move on.
Fight a co worker's negativity with your own optimistic perspective. Does your co worker seem to complain constantly __12__ Your co worker will get the information if you wisely change the topic or offer an opposite positive point of view. Without someone to fuel their negativity, they'll get bored and move on.
Understanding and empathizing with them makes it easier to get along. As you learn about your co worker, you'll also gain insight into why they behave the way they do. __13__ Your relationship may improve when you can empathize with their situation.
A．If so, build a positive attitude in response.
B．Try developing a few coping methods to help you.
C．Thankfully, there are ways to improve the situation.
D．Then you'll reduce the amount of frustration you feel.
E．They might be overworked, or going through a rough time.
F．Get to know your co worker so you can understand why they act that way.
G．Letting bad behavior slide right off your shoulders is often the easiest way.
UNIT 1 课时检测(九)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙兼说明文。文章主要讲述了Queen Mary无家可归妇女旅馆联合慈善组织Sustrans成立了自行车俱乐部，为无家可归的女性提供骑行培训，目的是帮助她们树立自信，使她们能够重新融入社会，独立生存。
1．选A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“but they have all made up their minds for cycling training”可知，这些女性很有决心，积极参加骑行训练。
2．选D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The hostel staff ... try to develop cycling to build the women's confidence and give them access to other fields of society.”可知，建立骑行俱乐部的主要目的在于帮助这些女性树立自信，融入社会的不同领域，获得独立生存的能力。
3．选D 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，体育运动能够克服甚至预防精神方面的各种问题，可能比药物更有效。因此作者旨在强调运动对精神健康的积极影响。
4．选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容尤其是“Social interventions are a useful way to achieve equality of access to cycling.”可知，为了让更多的女性骑行，文中给出的建议是要进行社会干预，开展针对性的活动。
语篇解读：本文一篇是说明文。科学家研究发现，拥抱有治愈能力。
5．选D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Laboratory studies suggest that ...with threatening experiences”可知，根据实验室的研究，拥抱能使我们感到平静和自在。
6．选B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And as we grow up, we seek out hugs and touch as a way of connection.”可知，随着人们长大，寻求拥抱和触摸是为了和他人保持联系。
7．选D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“hugs help to reduce the negative impacts”可知，画线词与reduce相对应，故画线词意为“减少”。
8．选A 标题归纳题。根据第一段可知，科学家们一直坚信拥抱的治愈力，后文一直在说拥抱如何治愈人们，所以本文的主旨是“拥抱的力量”。故A项适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
9．选C 前文讲述了糟糕的工作关系会导致压力，影响工作效率；下文分段介绍了几种解决方法。由此可知，空处应承上启下，讲述有改善这种状况的方法。故C项“值得庆幸的是，有一些方法可以改善这种情况”符合语境。
10．选D 前文讲述了如果不必与不对付的同事一起工作，就减少接触；空处应讲述这么做的好处，故D项“然后你会减少你感到的挫败感”符合语境。
11．选G 根据空后内容可知，本段主要讲述的是忽略同事的行为，不要让自己感到愤怒，所以G项“让不良行为从你的肩上滑落通常是最简单的方法”能概括本段主旨。
12．选A 前文建议用乐观对抗同事的消极情绪，并询问同事是否经常抱怨，空处应承接前文的询问，给出与该建议有关的答案，故A项“如果是这样，建立积极的应对态度”符合语境，选项中的“positive attitude”与首句中的“optimistic perspective”相照应。
13．选E 前文讲述了在了解同事的过程中你会理解他们出现不良行为的原因，空处应列举相关的原因，故E项“他们可能工作过度，或者经历了一段艰难的时期”承接上文，符合语境。
