浙江省杭州第二中学2024-2025学年新高一分班考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解A
（2024高一上·杭州开学考）We were driving on the right road when, all of a sudden, a black car pulled out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver stepped on his brake, skidded (打滑), and missed the black car's back end by just inches! The driver of the black car, who almost caused a major accident, turned his head angrily and started shouting bad words at us.
My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy. I mean, my taxi driver was friendly. So, I said, "Why did you just do that This guy almost ruined your car and sent us to hospital!" And the following is what my taxi driver told me, which I now call "the law of the Garbage Truck".
"Many people are like garbage (垃圾) trucks. They run around full of garbage, full of anger, and full of disappointment. As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump (倾卸) it. And if you let them, they dump it on you. When someone wants to dump on you, don't take it personally. Just smile, wave, wish him well, and move on. Believe me. You'll be happier."
So this is "The Law of the Garbage Truck". I started thinking: How often do I let "Garbage Trucks" run right over me And how often do I take their garbage and spread it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets It was then that I said, "I'm not going to do it any more."
I began to see "Garbage Trucks". I see the load they're carrying. I see them coming to drop it off. And like my taxi driver, I don't make it a personal thing; I just smile, wave, and move on.
Good leaders know they have to be ready for their next meeting. Good parents know that they have to welcome their children home from school with hugs and kisses. What about you The mark of a successful person is how quickly he can get back his focus on what's important.
1．Why did the taxi driver just smile and wave
A．Because the taxi driver didn't want his mood ruined.
B．Because the taxi driver realized the black car was full of garbage.
C．Because the driver of the black car didn't cause any damage to the taxi.
D．Because the driver of the black car was so angry that the taxi driver felt a little frightened.
2．The underlined part "the load" in Paragraph 5 refers to "_______".
A．useless garbage B．heavy goods
C．new products D．bad mood
3．What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．Always be kind and hardworking.
B．Try to be good leaders as well as good parents.
C．Finish tasks quickly so as to be ready for the next.
D．Ignore unpleasant experience and stick to your goals.
二、B
（2024高一上·杭州开学考）Social media has been around for years now, and most of us may describe it as any Internet medium (媒体) that can be used to share information with others. But what exactly is so "social" about sitting before a computer blogging (发博客) for days without anybody reading it, or scrolling (滚屏) through your Facebook feed of information from 500 friends you hardly know If you ask me, it can be way more anti-social than anything.
Social media is not a "thing". It's not just Facebook, WeChat and Weibo. It's more of a frame of mind (心态) and a state of being. It's about how you use it to improve your relationships with other people in real life. However, we tend to rely on technology and social media so much that it can actually des troy those relationships.
Social media isn't about numbers. When someone says "social media", web giants like Facebook, Twitter, WeChat and Weibo instantly pop into our minds, often because they have more updates, more friends, more followers, more everything. As the old saying goes, quality over quantity is usually the way to go. So, social media is not just about lots of people aimlessly pushing around lots of information.
Social media needs to have an "IRL" factor——an Internet expression standing for "In Real Life". It should affect how a person thinks or acts offline. After all, social media shouldn't be an end in itself. It was built to improve your actual social life, in real life. Take for example an event that a person attends because they are invited by the host on Facebook through a Facebook event page. Something like that definitely has the IRL factor. Likewise, a WeChat photo that touches someone so much that they feel the need to bring it up and describe it to someone else during a dinner date also has the IRL factor.
In fact, there is no wall between real life and Internet life where true social media exists. Social media is not a specific place on the Internet or just a thing you use to see what other people are doing. It's all about creating meaningful experiences and relationships wherever you may be.
4．The writer thinks that social media should be_______.
A．a number of websites where people communicate
B．a set of social tools like Facebook, WeChat and Weibo
C．a collection of online applications where ideas are exchanged
D．a group name for online platforms used to strengthen meaningful relationships
5．According to the author, which of the following cases has an IRL factor
A．Updating Facebook every now and then.
B．Following new friends in real life on Facebook.
C．Visiting a museum with friends after reading a story on Weibo.
D．Reading Twitter to see what other people are doing and thinking about.
6．What is the author's main purpose of writing this article
A．To explain the importance of social media.
B．To inform the negative effects of social media.
C．To call on readers to use social media to better their real social life.
D．To encourage readers to communicate with others in real life more often.
三、C
（2024高一上·杭州开学考）Teenagers who talk on the cell phone a lot, and hold their phones up to their right ears, score worse on one type of memory test. That's the finding of a new study. That memory impairment might be one side effect of the radiation (放射线) that phones use to keep us connected while we're on the go.
The teens took memory tests twice, one year apart. Nearly 700 Swiss teens took part in a test of figural memory. This type helps us remember abstract (抽象的) symbols and shapes, explains Milena Foerster. Each time, they had one minute to remember 13 pairs of abstract shapes. Then they were shown one item from each pair and asked to match it with one of the five choices. The study volunteers also took a test of verbal memory. That's the ability to remember words. The two memory tests are part of an intelligence test.
The researchers also surveyed the teens on how they use cell phones. And they got call records from phone companies. The researchers used those records to figure out how long the teens were using their phones.
This allowed the researchers to work out how big radiation exposure (接触) each person could have got while talking.
A phone user's exposure to the radiation can differ widely. Some teens talk on their phones more than others.
People also hold their phones differently. If the phone is close to the ear, more radiation may enter the body, Foerster notes.
The teens' scores in the figural memory tests were roughly the same from one year to the next. But those who normally held their phones near the right ears, and who were also exposed to higher levels of radiation, scored a little bit worse after a year. No group of teens showed big changes on the verbal memory test. Why might one type of memory be linked to cell phone use, but not another Foerster thinks it could have to do with where different memory centers sit in the brain. The site that deals with the ability to remember shapes is near the right ear.
7．The underlined word "impairment" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean "_______".
A．result. B．damage. C．mistake. D．improvement.
8．Which of the following can be learned from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3
A．The teens took two types of memory tests four times in total.
B．The teens needed to report the average time spent on their phones.
C．Researchers paid little attention to the teens' habits of using phones.
D．The teens' ability of remembering words is shown in figural memory test.
9．According to the study, teens who use their phones to their right ears a lot do worse in _______.
A．matching numbers. B．reading signals.
C．remembering shape. D．learning words.
10．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Cell Phone Use and Safety Warnings.
B．Facts About Cell Phone Use at School.
C．Dangerous Levels of Cell Phone Use Among Teens.
D．Teen's Cell Phone Use Linked to Memory Problems.
四、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
11．（2024高一上·杭州开学考） These high school study tips will get you in the right direction to get prepared for your final exams, or just for your average, everyday quiz.
Study Alone. Unless you've got a couple of friends who are super-serious about getting down to business, stay away from group study because they may get off-topic pretty quickly.
The place where you study should be quiet, comfortable and free from distractions. Go to your room, close the door and kill as many distractions as possible — like music, television, and even the internet and your phone. If you don't have your own room, consider studying at the library instead.
Eat healthy while you study. If you want to stay sharp while you study, stay away from junk food (垃圾食品). Instead, take studying-friendly foods like dark leafy greens, whole grains, milk, and seafood. They won't help you in the long run. You can instead eat a banana or an apple.
Study all term long. You may always wish to put off studying till the last minute, especially if you tell yourself that anything you try to memorize earlier on won't really stay in your brain. That's not true. Take some time throughout the term to review all of your notes and re-read important passages in your textbook.
A. Get everything you need.
B. Create a perfect study area.
C. Say no to caffeine or energy drinks.
D. Having trouble getting serious about studying for a test
E. Save the social time till after you've handed in your test.
F. Having no idea what to expect in your first year of high school
G. It might seem boring, but it'll really keep all those facts in your brain on test day.
五、阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C 、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。
（2024高一上·杭州开学考）I was so proud of my nine-year-old daughter, Emily! 12． to buy a mountain bike, she'd been saving her pocket money all year, as well as doing small jobs to 13． extra money.
By Thanksgiving, she had collected only $49. I said, "You can pick one from my bicycle 14． ." "Thanks, Daddy. But your bikes are so 15． ." She was right. All my bikes for girls were 1980s models, not the kind a kid today would likely 16． .
As Christmas 17． near, Emily and I went bike shopping. As we left one store, she 18． a Salvation Army (救世军) volunteer standing next to a big pot. "Can we give them something, Daddy " she asked. "Sorry, Em, I'm out of 19． ."
Throughout December, Emily 20． to work hard. Then one day, she made a surprising 21． . "You know all the money I've been saving " she said, paused for a while, and then said, "I'm going to give it all to the poor people." So one cold morning before Christmas, Emily handed her total savings of $69 to a volunteer who was really very thankful.
22． by Emily's selflessness, I decided to 23． one my old bicycles to a car dealer who was collecting used bikes for poor children. 24． I selected a shiny model from my collection, however, it seemed as if a 25． bike took on a glow (发光). Should I contribute two No! One would be enough! But I still couldn't 26． the feeling that I should give another bike. Later, when I 27． the bikes, the car dealer (车商) said, "You're making two kids very happy, sir. Here are your tickets. For each bicycle we receive from the 28． people, we're giving away one chance to 29． a girls' mountain bike."
Why wasn't I surprised when that second ticket proved to be the winner I like to think it was a way of 30． a little girl for a sacrifice beyond her years — while giving her dad a 31． in the process.
12．A．Pleased B．Engaged C．Determined D．Used
13．A．earn B．lend C．share D．spend
14．A．path B．collection C．store D．club
15．A．large B．shiny C．expensive D．old
16．A．buy B．choose C．refuse D．produce
17．A．pulled B．became C．went D．drew
18．A．noticed B．stopped C．mentioned D．recognized
19．A．sight B．work C．change D．control
20．A．continued B．started C．stopped D．hoped
21．A．gift B．announcement C．wish D．discussion
22．A．Required B．Shocked C．Persuaded D．Moved
23．A．sell B．repair C．contribute D．rent
24．A．As B．Before C．Because D．Though
25．A．new B．valuable C．second D．hidden
26．A．describe B．shake C．explain D．express
27．A．shared B．returned C．chose D．delivered
28．A．common B．fearless C．kind D．careless
29．A．paint B．replace C．steal D．win
30．A．rewarding B．protecting C．memorizing D．greeting
31．A．project B．lesson C．suggestion D．struggle
六、第二节 语法填空(共10 小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
（2024高一上·杭州开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519), 32． painter, sculptor (雕塑家), architect and inventor, is probably the most talented person who ever lived. His most famous painting, the Mona Lisa, 33． sits in the Louvre Museum (卢浮宫), is one of the great art attractions of the world.
The Mona Lisa is famous for the mysterious smile 34． the woman's face. What is the reason for her smile Some believe that the Mona Lisa is actually a portrait (肖像) of Da Vinci 35． (he)! This is because some of her 36． (face) features are similar to those in one of Da Vinci's self-portraits. They might suggest that the smile is because Da Vinci knows the 37． (true)—where we see a woman, what he painted was a man. Others might suggest she smiles because she has lost her 38． (tooth)! We will never know for sure, but it is fun to guess!
Mona Lisa didn't always sit behind the glass in the Louvre. In 1911 the painting 39． (steal). Many were called in for questioning, 40． (include) the now famous Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. 41． (lucky), two years after the theft, it was discovered. People are now more careful to protect this precious work of art.
七、第三部分 写作(满分 15分)
42．（2024高一上·杭州开学考）写一段60-100词的短文，简要告诉我们你今天来学校的情况。内容包括：
1. 来校时采用的交通方式；
2. 进校后印象最深的一个地方 (或一件事)。
参考词汇: 杭州第二中学 Hangzhou No. 2 High School
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答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．D
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在乘坐出租车时，遇到了一个几乎引发事故的情况，但出租车司机却以微笑和挥手的方式应对，出租车司机的"垃圾车定律"让作者深思，并从中得到了人生的启示。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题，词义猜测题和段落大意题三种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段"When someone wants to dump on you, don't take it personally. Just smile, wave, wish him well, and move on. Believe me. You'll be happier.(当有人想对你发泄时，不要往心里去。只需微笑，挥手，祝他好运，然后继续前行。相信我。你会更快乐的。)"可知，出租车司机只是微笑着挥手是因为出租车司机不想毁了自己的心情。故选A。
2．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"Many people are like garbage (垃圾) trucks. They run around full of garbage, full of anger, and full of disappointment. As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump (倾卸) it.(许多人就像垃圾车。他们满是垃圾，充满愤怒，充满失望。当他们的垃圾堆积起来时，他们需要一个倾倒的地方。)"可知，许多人就像垃圾车，这些人心中充满像垃圾一样的愤怒、失望等不好的情绪；由此可知，"I began to see "Garbage Trucks". I see the load they're carrying.(我开始看到‘垃圾车'。我看到他们装载的东西了。)"中的the load指的是"不好的情绪"，即bad mood。故选D。
3．段落大意题。根据最后一段"Good leaders know they have to be ready for their next meeting. Good parents know that they have to welcome their children home from school with hugs and kisses. What about you The mark of a successful person is how quickly he can get back his focus on what's important.(好的领导者知道他们必须为下次会议做好准备。好的父母知道他们应该用拥抱和亲吻来欢迎孩子放学回家。你呢？成功人士的标志是他能多快把注意力重新集中到重要的事情上。)"可知，作者在最后一段主要想告诉我们要忽略不愉快的经历，坚持你的目标。故选D。
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．C
【知识点】推理判断题；社会文化类；议论文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论的是社交媒体的本质、其与现实生活的关联以及我们如何正确使用社交媒体来增强而非破坏我们的人际关系。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和主旨大意题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Social media is not a specific place on the Internet or just a thing you use to see what other people are doing. It's all about creating meaningful experiences and relationships wherever you may be.(社交媒体不是互联网上一个特定的地方，也不是你用来看看别人在做什么的工具。这一切都是关于创造有意义的经历和关系，无论你在哪里。)"可知，作者认为，社交媒体应该是用来加强有意义的关系的网络平台的统称。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Social media needs to have an "IRL" factor——an Internet expression standing for "In Real Life". It should affect how a person thinks or acts offline. After all, social media shouldn't be an end in itself. It was built to improve your actual social life, in real life.(社交媒体需要有一个"IRL"元素——一个代表"现实生活"的网络俚语。它应该影响一个人在线下的想法和行为。毕竟，社交媒体本身不应该是目的。它是为了改善你在现实生活中的社交生活。)"可知，在微博上读了一篇故事后，和朋友一起参观博物馆，含有IRL因素。故选C。
6．主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Social media is not a specific place on the Internet or just a thing you use to see what other people are doing. It's all about creating meaningful experiences and relationships wherever you may be.(社交媒体不是互联网上一个特定的地方，也不是你用来看看别人在做什么的工具。这一切都是关于创造有意义的经历和关系，无论你在哪里。)"可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁读者利用社交媒体来促进真实的社会生活。故选C。
【答案】7．B
8．A
9．C
10．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞士一项关于手机使用与青少年记忆能力之间关系的研究发现，强调了手机辐射对图像记忆可能产生的负面影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和标题选择题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
7．词义猜测题。根据第一段"Teenagers who talk on the cell phone a lot, and hold their phones up to their right ears, score worse on one type of memory test.(经常使用手机且将手机贴近右耳的青少年，在一种记忆测试中的得分更低)"可知，手机辐射会造成记忆的损伤，故可推测impairment的意思为"损伤，损坏"。故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段"The teens took memory tests twice, one year apart. Nearly 700 Swiss teens took part in a test of figural memory.(这些青少年进行了两次记忆测试，间隔一年。将近700名瑞士青少年参加了这个图形记忆测试)"及"The study volunteers also took a test of verbal memory.(研究志愿者还参加了一个语言记忆测试)"可知，青少年进行了两次记忆测试，间隔一年，每次测试包括一项图形记忆测试和语言记忆测试，共有4次测试。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据最后一段"But those who normally held their phones near the right ears, and who were also exposed to higher levels of radiation, scored a little bit worse after a year.(但是，那些通常将手机靠近右耳，并且受到较高水平辐射的青少年，在一年后得分更低一些)"及"The site that deals with the ability to remember shapes is near the right ear.(负责记忆形状的能力的脑区位于右耳附近)"可知，根据这项研究，经常使用手机放在右耳附近的青少年在记忆形状方面表现较差。故选C。
10．标题选择题。根据第一段"Teenagers who talk on the cell phone a lot, and hold their phones up to their right ears, score worse on one type of memory test. That's the finding of a new study. That memory impairment might be one side effect of the radiation (放射线) that phones use to keep us connected while we're on the go.(在一项记忆力测试中，经常打电话并把手机举到右耳前的青少年得分更低。这是一项新研究的发现。这种记忆损伤可能是手机辐射的副作用之一，手机在我们忙碌的时候用来保持联系)"可知，本文主要是一项研究发现，青少年使用手机与记忆问题有关。故选D。
11．【答案】D；E；B；C；G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】
1. 空后"These high school study tips will get you in the right direction to get prepared for your final exams, or just for your average, everyday quiz.(这些高中学习技巧会让你在正确的方向上为期末考试做准备，或者只是为你的日常测验做准备。)"说明接下来要讲高中学习的技巧，因此空格处应该提出有人在学习上有困难，D选项"Having trouble getting serious about studying for a test (难以认真为考试备考吗？)"提出问题，你是否在学习方面有困难，为接下来的建议做好铺垫，引出下文，符合语境，故选D。
2. 空前"Unless you've got a couple of friends who are super-serious about getting down to business, stay away from group study because they may get off-topic pretty quickly.(除非你有几个非常认真的朋友，否则不要参加小组学习，因为他们可能很快就会跑题。)"说明了不要参加小组学习，空格处应该是和不参加小组学习有关，E选项"Save the social time till after you've handed in your test.(把社交时间留到交卷之后。)"说明了在交卷后再跟小组的人活动，是和学习时不参加小组学习相关，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
3. 空格处是本段主题句，由空后"The place where you study should be quiet, comfortable and free from distractions.(你学习的地方应该安静、舒适、不受干扰。)"可知，本段主要讲的是要找个好的学习的区域，B选项"Create a perfect study area.(打造一个完美的学习区域。)"说明了要创造一个完美的学习区域，概括了本段主要内容，可作为主题句，故选B。
4. 空前"If you want to stay sharp while you study, stay away from junk food (垃圾食品). Instead, take studying-friendly foods like dark leafy greens, whole grains, milk, and seafood.(如果你想在学习时保持敏锐，远离垃圾食品。相反，吃一些有利于学习的食物，比如深色绿叶蔬菜、全谷物、牛奶和海鲜。)"说明了学习时应该吃什么，空后"They won't help you in the long run.(从长远来看，它们不会帮你的。)"说明了有些东西对人是没有帮助的，空格处应该交代这些东西，C选项"Say no to caffeine or energy drinks.(拒绝咖啡因或能量饮料。)"说明了不要喝咖啡因或能量饮料，根据常识，咖啡因或能量饮料长期下去对人不好，因此C选项引出下文，符合语境，故选C。
5. 空前"Take some time throughout the term to review all of your notes and re-read important passages in your textbook.(整个学期花点时间复习所有的笔记，重读课本上的重要段落。)"说明了要花时间复习，空格处应该说复习的好处，G选项"It might seem boring, but it'll really keep all those facts in your brain on test day.(这可能看起来很无聊，但在考试那天它真的能让所有知识点都留在你的脑海里。)"说明了复习可以把所有的知识都记在你的大脑里，是复习的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了几个针对高中生的有效学习技巧，旨在帮助他们为期末考试或日常测验做好充分准备。备选项的中文意思：
A. 准备好你需要的一切。
B. 打造一个完美的学习区域。
C. 拒绝咖啡因或能量饮料。
D. 难以认真为考试备考吗？
E. 把社交时间留到交卷之后。
F. 对高中第一年的情况毫无头绪吗？
G. 这可能看起来很无聊，但在考试那天它真的能让所有知识点都留在你的脑海里。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
【答案】12．C；13．A；14．B；15．D；16．B；17．D；18．A；19．C；20．A；21．B；22．D；23．C；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．D；28．C；29．D；30．A；31．B
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿非常想买一辆漂亮的女式登山车，所以一直在努力攒钱。但是，最后作者的女儿却把攒的钱捐给了穷人。从女儿身上作者学到了做慈善的意义。最后，作者向贫穷的孩子捐赠了自己收藏的两辆自行车。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
12．句意：决心买一辆山地车，她一整年都在攒零花钱，同时还做些小工作赚外快。A. Pleased高兴的；B. Engaged忙碌的；C. Determined有决心的；D. Used习惯于……的。根据下文"she'd been saving her pocket money all year"可推知，此处为因为决心买一辆山地自行车，作者的女儿一年来一直在攒钱，故选C。
13．句意：决心买一辆山地车，她一整年都在攒零花钱，同时还做些小工作赚外快。A. earn挣得；B. lend借给；C. share分享；D. spend花费。根据上文提到的决心买一辆山地自行车，以及"she'd been saving her pocket money all year"可推知，此处为她也会做些小的工作来挣些小钱。故选A。
14．句意：你可以从我的自行车收藏中挑一辆。A. path小路；B. collection收集；C. store商店；D. club俱乐部。根据下文"All my bikes for girls were 1980s models"可推知，此处说的是作者收藏自行车。故选B。
15．句意：但是你的自行车太旧了。A. large大的；B. shiny闪亮的；C. expensive贵的；D. old旧的。根据下文"All my bikes for girls were 1980s models"可知，作者的女儿觉得作者的自行车是很旧的。故选D。
16．句意：我所有的女孩自行车都是20世纪80年代的款式，而不是现在的孩子可能会选择的那种。A. buy买；B. choose选择；C. refuse拒绝；D. produce生产。根据上文"All my bikes for girls were 1980s models"可知，作者收藏的自行车都是20世纪80年代的款式，所以现在的孩子不太可能会选择。故选B。
17．句意：随着圣诞节的临近，我和艾米丽去买自行车。A. pulled拉；B. became成为；C. went去；D. drew移动，行进。根据上文"As Christmas"和下文"near"可知，此处表示"随着圣诞节的临近"，draw near意为"临近"，故选D。
18．句意：当我们离开一家商店时，她注意到一个救世军志愿者站在一个大罐子旁边。A. noticed注意到；B. stopped停止；C. mentioned提到；D. recognized识别。根据下文"a Salvation Army (救世军) volunteer standing next to a big pot"可知，Emily注意到一个救世军志愿者。故选A。
19．句意：对不起，艾米，我没零钱找了。A. sight景象；B. work工作；C. change零钱；D. control控制。根据上文"a Salvation Army (救世军) volunteer"可知，救世军志愿者是筹款的，应该给他零钱，所以此处艾米是说自己没零钱了。故选C。
20．句意：整个12月，艾米丽继续努力工作。A. continued继续；B. started开始，C. stopped停止；D. hoped希望。根据上文"she'd been saving her pocket money all year, as well as doing small jobs to __2__extra money"可推知，此处为整个十二月，艾米丽继续努力工作。故选A。
21．句意：然后有一天，她宣布了一个惊人的消息。A. gift礼物；B. announcement公告；C. wish愿望；D. discussion讨论。根据下文"I'm going to give it all to the poor people"可知，她做了一个惊人的公告，宣布要把钱捐给穷人。故选B。
22．句意：艾米丽的无私感动了我，我决定把我的一辆旧自行车捐给一个为贫困儿童收集二手自行车的汽车经销商。A. Required要求；B. Shocked使震惊；C. Persuaded说服；D. Moved使感动。根据下文"by Emily's selflessness"可知，作者被艾米丽的无私感动了。故选D。
23．句意：艾米丽的无私感动了我，我决定把我的一辆旧自行车捐给一个为贫困儿童收集二手自行车的汽车经销商。A. sell卖；B. repair修理；C. contribute捐献；D. rent租。根据下文"one my old bicycles to a car dealer who was collecting used bikes for poor children"可知，作者把自己的一辆旧自行车捐出去了。故选C。
24．句意：然而，当我从我的收藏中选择了一辆闪亮的车型时，似乎第二辆自行车也焕发了光彩。A. As当……时候；B. Before在……之前；C. Because因为；D. Though尽管。根据下文"I selected a shiny model from my collection, however, it seemed as if a__14___bike took on a glow"可知，当作者选了一辆自行车时，好像第二辆自行车也焕发了光彩。故选A。
25．句意：然而，当我从我的收藏中选择了一辆闪亮的车型时，似乎第二辆自行车也焕发了光彩。A. new新的；B. valuable宝贵的；C. second第二的；D. hidden隐藏的。根据下文"Should I contribute two"可知，作者在挑选的时候，又看到第二辆在发光，故选C。
26．句意：但我仍然无法摆脱我应该再送一辆自行车的感觉。A. describe描述；B. shake摆脱；C. explain解释；D. express表达。根据下文"the feeling that I should give another bike"和"the bikes"可知，作者最终捐了两辆自行车，所以是无法摆脱应该再送一辆自行车的感觉。故选B。
27．句意：后来，当我把自行车送过去时，车商说："先生，您让两个孩子非常高兴。这是您的票。我们每从善人那里收到一辆自行车，就有机会赢得一辆女子山地车。"A. shared分享；B. returned返回；C. chose选择；D. delivered递送。根据下文"For each bicycle we receive from the__17__people, we're giving away one chance to __18__ a girls' mountain bike"可知，此处为当作者之后把自行车送过去的时候，那个汽车商说："你正使两个孩子变得高兴呢。"故选D。
28．句意：后来，当我把自行车送过去时，车商说："先生，您让两个孩子非常高兴。这是您的票。我们每从善人那里收到一辆自行车，就有机会赢得一辆女子山地车。"A. common常见的；B. fearless无所畏惧的；C. kind善良的；D. careless粗心的。根据上文"each bicycle we receive from"可知，车商所收到的自行车都是心地善良的人捐的。故选C。
29．句意：后来，当我把自行车送过去时，车商说："先生，您让两个孩子非常高兴。这是您的票。我们每从善人那里收到一辆自行车，就有机会赢得一辆女子山地车。"A. paint；B. replace代替；C. steal偷；D. win赢得。根据后句"Why wasn't I surprised when that second ticket proved to be the winner"可推知，此处为每收到一辆好心人送的自行车，我们就有机会赢得一辆女孩山地车。故选D。
30．句意：我认为这是对一个小女孩的一种奖励，因为她的牺牲超出了她的年龄，同时在这个过程中给她爸爸上了一课。A. rewarding回报；B. protecting保护；C. memorizing记住；D. greeting问候。根据该句中的"a little girl for a sacrifice beyond her years"可推知，此处为作者认为这是对一个做出超出自己年龄阶段的牺牲的小女孩的回报。故选A。
31．句意：我认为这是对一个小女孩的一种奖励，因为她的牺牲超出了她的年龄，同时在这个过程中给她爸爸上了一课。A. project工程；B. lesson课；C. suggestion建议；D. struggle挣扎。根据上文"when I _16__ the bikes"可推知，作者受女儿的影响，捐了自行车，所以是给作者上了一课，故选B。
【答案】32．a；33．which；34．on；35．himself；36．facial；37．truth；38．teeth；39．was stolen；40．including；41．Luckily
【知识点】不定冠词；反身代词；非限制性定语从句；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了列奥纳多·达·芬奇的著名画作《蒙娜丽莎》的一些情况。【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及冠词，定语从句，介词，代词，形容词，名词，时态，语态，主谓一致，介词以及副词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
32．句意：列奥纳多·达·芬奇（1452-1519），集画家、雕塑家、建筑师和发明家于一身，可能是有史以来最有才华的人。此处泛指"一位画家"，且painter以辅音音素发音开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
33．句意：他最著名的画作《蒙娜丽莎》收藏在卢浮宫博物馆，是世界上最伟大的艺术景点之一。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Mona Lisa，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
34．句意：蒙娜丽莎以女人脸上神秘的微笑而闻名。表示"在脸上"，应用介词on。故填on。
35．句意：有些人认为蒙娜丽莎实际上是达·芬奇本人的肖像！he，他，人称代词主格。此处指达·芬奇"他自己"的肖像应用反身代词himself。故填himself。
36．句意：这是因为她的一些面部特征与达·芬奇的一幅自画像相似。face， 名词（脸/面孔/面部表情/表面/方面），动词（面对/面向/面临/正视）。空处在句中作前指定与修饰名词features，空处表示"面部的"，facial，形容词，符合语境。故填facial。
37．句意：他们可能会说，微笑是因为达·芬奇知道真相——在我们看到一个女人的地方，他画的是一个男人。true，真正的，形容词，空处在句中作宾语，空处表示"事实/真相"，truth，可数名词，根据空前的the可知，此处表示单数意义，应用其单数形式。故填truth。
38．句意：其他人可能会说她笑是因为她掉了牙！tooth，牙齿，可数名词。空处在句中作宾语，表示复数意义，应用其复数形式。故填teeth。
39．句意：1911年，这幅画被盗。steal，偷/盗，动词。空处为句子的谓语，动词steal与主语painting之间为被动关系，根据时间状语In 1911可知，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词，根据主谓一致原则，主语painting为单数，故be动词应用was。故填was stolen。
40．句意：许多人被传唤问话，包括现在著名的西班牙艺术家巴勃罗·毕加索。include，包含/包括，动词 。此处应用介词including与其后的名词短语构成介词短语，在句中作状语。故填including。
41．句意：幸运的是，失窃两年后，它被发现了。lucky，幸运的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰整个句子，应用其副词形式，句首首字母应大写。故填Luckily。
42．【答案】范文
Today, I made my way to Hangzhou No. 2 High School by public transportation, specifically taking the subway. The swift and efficient journey left me feeling refreshed and ready for the day ahead. As soon as I stepped onto the sprawling campus, my eyes were immediately drawn to the serene library. The towering windows allowed sunlight to flood the spacious reading halls, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere. It was the library's serenity amidst the hustle and bustle of school life that left the deepest impression on me, reminding me of the importance of finding solace in knowledge and the quiet corners where learning thrives.
【知识点】文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生写一篇英语短文，陈述自己今天来学校的情况。写作背景：作为高一新生，今天是考生进入学校的第一天。内容包括：1. 介绍来校采用的交通方式；2. 阐述校园中印象最深的一件事或者一个地方。注意：1. 时态为一般过去时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数为60个到100个之间。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：As soon as I stepped onto the sprawling campus, my eyes were immediately drawn to the serene library. （运用了as soon as引导的时间状语从句）；The towering windows allowed sunlight to flood the spacious reading halls, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）；It was the library's serenity amidst the hustle and bustle of school life that left the deepest impression on me, reminding me of the importance of finding solace in knowledge and the quiet corners where learning thrives.（运用了强调句，现在分词短语作状语以及where引导的定语从句）。
1 / 1浙江省杭州第二中学2024-2025学年新高一分班考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解A
（2024高一上·杭州开学考）We were driving on the right road when, all of a sudden, a black car pulled out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver stepped on his brake, skidded (打滑), and missed the black car's back end by just inches! The driver of the black car, who almost caused a major accident, turned his head angrily and started shouting bad words at us.
My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy. I mean, my taxi driver was friendly. So, I said, "Why did you just do that This guy almost ruined your car and sent us to hospital!" And the following is what my taxi driver told me, which I now call "the law of the Garbage Truck".
"Many people are like garbage (垃圾) trucks. They run around full of garbage, full of anger, and full of disappointment. As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump (倾卸) it. And if you let them, they dump it on you. When someone wants to dump on you, don't take it personally. Just smile, wave, wish him well, and move on. Believe me. You'll be happier."
So this is "The Law of the Garbage Truck". I started thinking: How often do I let "Garbage Trucks" run right over me And how often do I take their garbage and spread it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets It was then that I said, "I'm not going to do it any more."
I began to see "Garbage Trucks". I see the load they're carrying. I see them coming to drop it off. And like my taxi driver, I don't make it a personal thing; I just smile, wave, and move on.
Good leaders know they have to be ready for their next meeting. Good parents know that they have to welcome their children home from school with hugs and kisses. What about you The mark of a successful person is how quickly he can get back his focus on what's important.
1．Why did the taxi driver just smile and wave
A．Because the taxi driver didn't want his mood ruined.
B．Because the taxi driver realized the black car was full of garbage.
C．Because the driver of the black car didn't cause any damage to the taxi.
D．Because the driver of the black car was so angry that the taxi driver felt a little frightened.
2．The underlined part "the load" in Paragraph 5 refers to "_______".
A．useless garbage B．heavy goods
C．new products D．bad mood
3．What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．Always be kind and hardworking.
B．Try to be good leaders as well as good parents.
C．Finish tasks quickly so as to be ready for the next.
D．Ignore unpleasant experience and stick to your goals.
【答案】1．A
2．D
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在乘坐出租车时，遇到了一个几乎引发事故的情况，但出租车司机却以微笑和挥手的方式应对，出租车司机的"垃圾车定律"让作者深思，并从中得到了人生的启示。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题，词义猜测题和段落大意题三种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段"When someone wants to dump on you, don't take it personally. Just smile, wave, wish him well, and move on. Believe me. You'll be happier.(当有人想对你发泄时，不要往心里去。只需微笑，挥手，祝他好运，然后继续前行。相信我。你会更快乐的。)"可知，出租车司机只是微笑着挥手是因为出租车司机不想毁了自己的心情。故选A。
2．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"Many people are like garbage (垃圾) trucks. They run around full of garbage, full of anger, and full of disappointment. As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump (倾卸) it.(许多人就像垃圾车。他们满是垃圾，充满愤怒，充满失望。当他们的垃圾堆积起来时，他们需要一个倾倒的地方。)"可知，许多人就像垃圾车，这些人心中充满像垃圾一样的愤怒、失望等不好的情绪；由此可知，"I began to see "Garbage Trucks". I see the load they're carrying.(我开始看到‘垃圾车'。我看到他们装载的东西了。)"中的the load指的是"不好的情绪"，即bad mood。故选D。
3．段落大意题。根据最后一段"Good leaders know they have to be ready for their next meeting. Good parents know that they have to welcome their children home from school with hugs and kisses. What about you The mark of a successful person is how quickly he can get back his focus on what's important.(好的领导者知道他们必须为下次会议做好准备。好的父母知道他们应该用拥抱和亲吻来欢迎孩子放学回家。你呢？成功人士的标志是他能多快把注意力重新集中到重要的事情上。)"可知，作者在最后一段主要想告诉我们要忽略不愉快的经历，坚持你的目标。故选D。
二、B
（2024高一上·杭州开学考）Social media has been around for years now, and most of us may describe it as any Internet medium (媒体) that can be used to share information with others. But what exactly is so "social" about sitting before a computer blogging (发博客) for days without anybody reading it, or scrolling (滚屏) through your Facebook feed of information from 500 friends you hardly know If you ask me, it can be way more anti-social than anything.
Social media is not a "thing". It's not just Facebook, WeChat and Weibo. It's more of a frame of mind (心态) and a state of being. It's about how you use it to improve your relationships with other people in real life. However, we tend to rely on technology and social media so much that it can actually des troy those relationships.
Social media isn't about numbers. When someone says "social media", web giants like Facebook, Twitter, WeChat and Weibo instantly pop into our minds, often because they have more updates, more friends, more followers, more everything. As the old saying goes, quality over quantity is usually the way to go. So, social media is not just about lots of people aimlessly pushing around lots of information.
Social media needs to have an "IRL" factor——an Internet expression standing for "In Real Life". It should affect how a person thinks or acts offline. After all, social media shouldn't be an end in itself. It was built to improve your actual social life, in real life. Take for example an event that a person attends because they are invited by the host on Facebook through a Facebook event page. Something like that definitely has the IRL factor. Likewise, a WeChat photo that touches someone so much that they feel the need to bring it up and describe it to someone else during a dinner date also has the IRL factor.
In fact, there is no wall between real life and Internet life where true social media exists. Social media is not a specific place on the Internet or just a thing you use to see what other people are doing. It's all about creating meaningful experiences and relationships wherever you may be.
4．The writer thinks that social media should be_______.
A．a number of websites where people communicate
B．a set of social tools like Facebook, WeChat and Weibo
C．a collection of online applications where ideas are exchanged
D．a group name for online platforms used to strengthen meaningful relationships
5．According to the author, which of the following cases has an IRL factor
A．Updating Facebook every now and then.
B．Following new friends in real life on Facebook.
C．Visiting a museum with friends after reading a story on Weibo.
D．Reading Twitter to see what other people are doing and thinking about.
6．What is the author's main purpose of writing this article
A．To explain the importance of social media.
B．To inform the negative effects of social media.
C．To call on readers to use social media to better their real social life.
D．To encourage readers to communicate with others in real life more often.
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．C
【知识点】推理判断题；社会文化类；议论文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论的是社交媒体的本质、其与现实生活的关联以及我们如何正确使用社交媒体来增强而非破坏我们的人际关系。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和主旨大意题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Social media is not a specific place on the Internet or just a thing you use to see what other people are doing. It's all about creating meaningful experiences and relationships wherever you may be.(社交媒体不是互联网上一个特定的地方，也不是你用来看看别人在做什么的工具。这一切都是关于创造有意义的经历和关系，无论你在哪里。)"可知，作者认为，社交媒体应该是用来加强有意义的关系的网络平台的统称。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Social media needs to have an "IRL" factor——an Internet expression standing for "In Real Life". It should affect how a person thinks or acts offline. After all, social media shouldn't be an end in itself. It was built to improve your actual social life, in real life.(社交媒体需要有一个"IRL"元素——一个代表"现实生活"的网络俚语。它应该影响一个人在线下的想法和行为。毕竟，社交媒体本身不应该是目的。它是为了改善你在现实生活中的社交生活。)"可知，在微博上读了一篇故事后，和朋友一起参观博物馆，含有IRL因素。故选C。
6．主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Social media is not a specific place on the Internet or just a thing you use to see what other people are doing. It's all about creating meaningful experiences and relationships wherever you may be.(社交媒体不是互联网上一个特定的地方，也不是你用来看看别人在做什么的工具。这一切都是关于创造有意义的经历和关系，无论你在哪里。)"可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁读者利用社交媒体来促进真实的社会生活。故选C。
三、C
（2024高一上·杭州开学考）Teenagers who talk on the cell phone a lot, and hold their phones up to their right ears, score worse on one type of memory test. That's the finding of a new study. That memory impairment might be one side effect of the radiation (放射线) that phones use to keep us connected while we're on the go.
The teens took memory tests twice, one year apart. Nearly 700 Swiss teens took part in a test of figural memory. This type helps us remember abstract (抽象的) symbols and shapes, explains Milena Foerster. Each time, they had one minute to remember 13 pairs of abstract shapes. Then they were shown one item from each pair and asked to match it with one of the five choices. The study volunteers also took a test of verbal memory. That's the ability to remember words. The two memory tests are part of an intelligence test.
The researchers also surveyed the teens on how they use cell phones. And they got call records from phone companies. The researchers used those records to figure out how long the teens were using their phones.
This allowed the researchers to work out how big radiation exposure (接触) each person could have got while talking.
A phone user's exposure to the radiation can differ widely. Some teens talk on their phones more than others.
People also hold their phones differently. If the phone is close to the ear, more radiation may enter the body, Foerster notes.
The teens' scores in the figural memory tests were roughly the same from one year to the next. But those who normally held their phones near the right ears, and who were also exposed to higher levels of radiation, scored a little bit worse after a year. No group of teens showed big changes on the verbal memory test. Why might one type of memory be linked to cell phone use, but not another Foerster thinks it could have to do with where different memory centers sit in the brain. The site that deals with the ability to remember shapes is near the right ear.
7．The underlined word "impairment" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean "_______".
A．result. B．damage. C．mistake. D．improvement.
8．Which of the following can be learned from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3
A．The teens took two types of memory tests four times in total.
B．The teens needed to report the average time spent on their phones.
C．Researchers paid little attention to the teens' habits of using phones.
D．The teens' ability of remembering words is shown in figural memory test.
9．According to the study, teens who use their phones to their right ears a lot do worse in _______.
A．matching numbers. B．reading signals.
C．remembering shape. D．learning words.
10．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Cell Phone Use and Safety Warnings.
B．Facts About Cell Phone Use at School.
C．Dangerous Levels of Cell Phone Use Among Teens.
D．Teen's Cell Phone Use Linked to Memory Problems.
【答案】7．B
8．A
9．C
10．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞士一项关于手机使用与青少年记忆能力之间关系的研究发现，强调了手机辐射对图像记忆可能产生的负面影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和标题选择题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
7．词义猜测题。根据第一段"Teenagers who talk on the cell phone a lot, and hold their phones up to their right ears, score worse on one type of memory test.(经常使用手机且将手机贴近右耳的青少年，在一种记忆测试中的得分更低)"可知，手机辐射会造成记忆的损伤，故可推测impairment的意思为"损伤，损坏"。故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段"The teens took memory tests twice, one year apart. Nearly 700 Swiss teens took part in a test of figural memory.(这些青少年进行了两次记忆测试，间隔一年。将近700名瑞士青少年参加了这个图形记忆测试)"及"The study volunteers also took a test of verbal memory.(研究志愿者还参加了一个语言记忆测试)"可知，青少年进行了两次记忆测试，间隔一年，每次测试包括一项图形记忆测试和语言记忆测试，共有4次测试。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据最后一段"But those who normally held their phones near the right ears, and who were also exposed to higher levels of radiation, scored a little bit worse after a year.(但是，那些通常将手机靠近右耳，并且受到较高水平辐射的青少年，在一年后得分更低一些)"及"The site that deals with the ability to remember shapes is near the right ear.(负责记忆形状的能力的脑区位于右耳附近)"可知，根据这项研究，经常使用手机放在右耳附近的青少年在记忆形状方面表现较差。故选C。
10．标题选择题。根据第一段"Teenagers who talk on the cell phone a lot, and hold their phones up to their right ears, score worse on one type of memory test. That's the finding of a new study. That memory impairment might be one side effect of the radiation (放射线) that phones use to keep us connected while we're on the go.(在一项记忆力测试中，经常打电话并把手机举到右耳前的青少年得分更低。这是一项新研究的发现。这种记忆损伤可能是手机辐射的副作用之一，手机在我们忙碌的时候用来保持联系)"可知，本文主要是一项研究发现，青少年使用手机与记忆问题有关。故选D。
四、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
11．（2024高一上·杭州开学考） These high school study tips will get you in the right direction to get prepared for your final exams, or just for your average, everyday quiz.
Study Alone. Unless you've got a couple of friends who are super-serious about getting down to business, stay away from group study because they may get off-topic pretty quickly.
The place where you study should be quiet, comfortable and free from distractions. Go to your room, close the door and kill as many distractions as possible — like music, television, and even the internet and your phone. If you don't have your own room, consider studying at the library instead.
Eat healthy while you study. If you want to stay sharp while you study, stay away from junk food (垃圾食品). Instead, take studying-friendly foods like dark leafy greens, whole grains, milk, and seafood. They won't help you in the long run. You can instead eat a banana or an apple.
Study all term long. You may always wish to put off studying till the last minute, especially if you tell yourself that anything you try to memorize earlier on won't really stay in your brain. That's not true. Take some time throughout the term to review all of your notes and re-read important passages in your textbook.
A. Get everything you need.
B. Create a perfect study area.
C. Say no to caffeine or energy drinks.
D. Having trouble getting serious about studying for a test
E. Save the social time till after you've handed in your test.
F. Having no idea what to expect in your first year of high school
G. It might seem boring, but it'll really keep all those facts in your brain on test day.
【答案】D；E；B；C；G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】
1. 空后"These high school study tips will get you in the right direction to get prepared for your final exams, or just for your average, everyday quiz.(这些高中学习技巧会让你在正确的方向上为期末考试做准备，或者只是为你的日常测验做准备。)"说明接下来要讲高中学习的技巧，因此空格处应该提出有人在学习上有困难，D选项"Having trouble getting serious about studying for a test (难以认真为考试备考吗？)"提出问题，你是否在学习方面有困难，为接下来的建议做好铺垫，引出下文，符合语境，故选D。
2. 空前"Unless you've got a couple of friends who are super-serious about getting down to business, stay away from group study because they may get off-topic pretty quickly.(除非你有几个非常认真的朋友，否则不要参加小组学习，因为他们可能很快就会跑题。)"说明了不要参加小组学习，空格处应该是和不参加小组学习有关，E选项"Save the social time till after you've handed in your test.(把社交时间留到交卷之后。)"说明了在交卷后再跟小组的人活动，是和学习时不参加小组学习相关，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
3. 空格处是本段主题句，由空后"The place where you study should be quiet, comfortable and free from distractions.(你学习的地方应该安静、舒适、不受干扰。)"可知，本段主要讲的是要找个好的学习的区域，B选项"Create a perfect study area.(打造一个完美的学习区域。)"说明了要创造一个完美的学习区域，概括了本段主要内容，可作为主题句，故选B。
4. 空前"If you want to stay sharp while you study, stay away from junk food (垃圾食品). Instead, take studying-friendly foods like dark leafy greens, whole grains, milk, and seafood.(如果你想在学习时保持敏锐，远离垃圾食品。相反，吃一些有利于学习的食物，比如深色绿叶蔬菜、全谷物、牛奶和海鲜。)"说明了学习时应该吃什么，空后"They won't help you in the long run.(从长远来看，它们不会帮你的。)"说明了有些东西对人是没有帮助的，空格处应该交代这些东西，C选项"Say no to caffeine or energy drinks.(拒绝咖啡因或能量饮料。)"说明了不要喝咖啡因或能量饮料，根据常识，咖啡因或能量饮料长期下去对人不好，因此C选项引出下文，符合语境，故选C。
5. 空前"Take some time throughout the term to review all of your notes and re-read important passages in your textbook.(整个学期花点时间复习所有的笔记，重读课本上的重要段落。)"说明了要花时间复习，空格处应该说复习的好处，G选项"It might seem boring, but it'll really keep all those facts in your brain on test day.(这可能看起来很无聊，但在考试那天它真的能让所有知识点都留在你的脑海里。)"说明了复习可以把所有的知识都记在你的大脑里，是复习的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了几个针对高中生的有效学习技巧，旨在帮助他们为期末考试或日常测验做好充分准备。备选项的中文意思：
A. 准备好你需要的一切。
B. 打造一个完美的学习区域。
C. 拒绝咖啡因或能量饮料。
D. 难以认真为考试备考吗？
E. 把社交时间留到交卷之后。
F. 对高中第一年的情况毫无头绪吗？
G. 这可能看起来很无聊，但在考试那天它真的能让所有知识点都留在你的脑海里。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
五、阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C 、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。
（2024高一上·杭州开学考）I was so proud of my nine-year-old daughter, Emily! 12． to buy a mountain bike, she'd been saving her pocket money all year, as well as doing small jobs to 13． extra money.
By Thanksgiving, she had collected only $49. I said, "You can pick one from my bicycle 14． ." "Thanks, Daddy. But your bikes are so 15． ." She was right. All my bikes for girls were 1980s models, not the kind a kid today would likely 16． .
As Christmas 17． near, Emily and I went bike shopping. As we left one store, she 18． a Salvation Army (救世军) volunteer standing next to a big pot. "Can we give them something, Daddy " she asked. "Sorry, Em, I'm out of 19． ."
Throughout December, Emily 20． to work hard. Then one day, she made a surprising 21． . "You know all the money I've been saving " she said, paused for a while, and then said, "I'm going to give it all to the poor people." So one cold morning before Christmas, Emily handed her total savings of $69 to a volunteer who was really very thankful.
22． by Emily's selflessness, I decided to 23． one my old bicycles to a car dealer who was collecting used bikes for poor children. 24． I selected a shiny model from my collection, however, it seemed as if a 25． bike took on a glow (发光). Should I contribute two No! One would be enough! But I still couldn't 26． the feeling that I should give another bike. Later, when I 27． the bikes, the car dealer (车商) said, "You're making two kids very happy, sir. Here are your tickets. For each bicycle we receive from the 28． people, we're giving away one chance to 29． a girls' mountain bike."
Why wasn't I surprised when that second ticket proved to be the winner I like to think it was a way of 30． a little girl for a sacrifice beyond her years — while giving her dad a 31． in the process.
12．A．Pleased B．Engaged C．Determined D．Used
13．A．earn B．lend C．share D．spend
14．A．path B．collection C．store D．club
15．A．large B．shiny C．expensive D．old
16．A．buy B．choose C．refuse D．produce
17．A．pulled B．became C．went D．drew
18．A．noticed B．stopped C．mentioned D．recognized
19．A．sight B．work C．change D．control
20．A．continued B．started C．stopped D．hoped
21．A．gift B．announcement C．wish D．discussion
22．A．Required B．Shocked C．Persuaded D．Moved
23．A．sell B．repair C．contribute D．rent
24．A．As B．Before C．Because D．Though
25．A．new B．valuable C．second D．hidden
26．A．describe B．shake C．explain D．express
27．A．shared B．returned C．chose D．delivered
28．A．common B．fearless C．kind D．careless
29．A．paint B．replace C．steal D．win
30．A．rewarding B．protecting C．memorizing D．greeting
31．A．project B．lesson C．suggestion D．struggle
【答案】12．C；13．A；14．B；15．D；16．B；17．D；18．A；19．C；20．A；21．B；22．D；23．C；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．D；28．C；29．D；30．A；31．B
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿非常想买一辆漂亮的女式登山车，所以一直在努力攒钱。但是，最后作者的女儿却把攒的钱捐给了穷人。从女儿身上作者学到了做慈善的意义。最后，作者向贫穷的孩子捐赠了自己收藏的两辆自行车。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
12．句意：决心买一辆山地车，她一整年都在攒零花钱，同时还做些小工作赚外快。A. Pleased高兴的；B. Engaged忙碌的；C. Determined有决心的；D. Used习惯于……的。根据下文"she'd been saving her pocket money all year"可推知，此处为因为决心买一辆山地自行车，作者的女儿一年来一直在攒钱，故选C。
13．句意：决心买一辆山地车，她一整年都在攒零花钱，同时还做些小工作赚外快。A. earn挣得；B. lend借给；C. share分享；D. spend花费。根据上文提到的决心买一辆山地自行车，以及"she'd been saving her pocket money all year"可推知，此处为她也会做些小的工作来挣些小钱。故选A。
14．句意：你可以从我的自行车收藏中挑一辆。A. path小路；B. collection收集；C. store商店；D. club俱乐部。根据下文"All my bikes for girls were 1980s models"可推知，此处说的是作者收藏自行车。故选B。
15．句意：但是你的自行车太旧了。A. large大的；B. shiny闪亮的；C. expensive贵的；D. old旧的。根据下文"All my bikes for girls were 1980s models"可知，作者的女儿觉得作者的自行车是很旧的。故选D。
16．句意：我所有的女孩自行车都是20世纪80年代的款式，而不是现在的孩子可能会选择的那种。A. buy买；B. choose选择；C. refuse拒绝；D. produce生产。根据上文"All my bikes for girls were 1980s models"可知，作者收藏的自行车都是20世纪80年代的款式，所以现在的孩子不太可能会选择。故选B。
17．句意：随着圣诞节的临近，我和艾米丽去买自行车。A. pulled拉；B. became成为；C. went去；D. drew移动，行进。根据上文"As Christmas"和下文"near"可知，此处表示"随着圣诞节的临近"，draw near意为"临近"，故选D。
18．句意：当我们离开一家商店时，她注意到一个救世军志愿者站在一个大罐子旁边。A. noticed注意到；B. stopped停止；C. mentioned提到；D. recognized识别。根据下文"a Salvation Army (救世军) volunteer standing next to a big pot"可知，Emily注意到一个救世军志愿者。故选A。
19．句意：对不起，艾米，我没零钱找了。A. sight景象；B. work工作；C. change零钱；D. control控制。根据上文"a Salvation Army (救世军) volunteer"可知，救世军志愿者是筹款的，应该给他零钱，所以此处艾米是说自己没零钱了。故选C。
20．句意：整个12月，艾米丽继续努力工作。A. continued继续；B. started开始，C. stopped停止；D. hoped希望。根据上文"she'd been saving her pocket money all year, as well as doing small jobs to __2__extra money"可推知，此处为整个十二月，艾米丽继续努力工作。故选A。
21．句意：然后有一天，她宣布了一个惊人的消息。A. gift礼物；B. announcement公告；C. wish愿望；D. discussion讨论。根据下文"I'm going to give it all to the poor people"可知，她做了一个惊人的公告，宣布要把钱捐给穷人。故选B。
22．句意：艾米丽的无私感动了我，我决定把我的一辆旧自行车捐给一个为贫困儿童收集二手自行车的汽车经销商。A. Required要求；B. Shocked使震惊；C. Persuaded说服；D. Moved使感动。根据下文"by Emily's selflessness"可知，作者被艾米丽的无私感动了。故选D。
23．句意：艾米丽的无私感动了我，我决定把我的一辆旧自行车捐给一个为贫困儿童收集二手自行车的汽车经销商。A. sell卖；B. repair修理；C. contribute捐献；D. rent租。根据下文"one my old bicycles to a car dealer who was collecting used bikes for poor children"可知，作者把自己的一辆旧自行车捐出去了。故选C。
24．句意：然而，当我从我的收藏中选择了一辆闪亮的车型时，似乎第二辆自行车也焕发了光彩。A. As当……时候；B. Before在……之前；C. Because因为；D. Though尽管。根据下文"I selected a shiny model from my collection, however, it seemed as if a__14___bike took on a glow"可知，当作者选了一辆自行车时，好像第二辆自行车也焕发了光彩。故选A。
25．句意：然而，当我从我的收藏中选择了一辆闪亮的车型时，似乎第二辆自行车也焕发了光彩。A. new新的；B. valuable宝贵的；C. second第二的；D. hidden隐藏的。根据下文"Should I contribute two"可知，作者在挑选的时候，又看到第二辆在发光，故选C。
26．句意：但我仍然无法摆脱我应该再送一辆自行车的感觉。A. describe描述；B. shake摆脱；C. explain解释；D. express表达。根据下文"the feeling that I should give another bike"和"the bikes"可知，作者最终捐了两辆自行车，所以是无法摆脱应该再送一辆自行车的感觉。故选B。
27．句意：后来，当我把自行车送过去时，车商说："先生，您让两个孩子非常高兴。这是您的票。我们每从善人那里收到一辆自行车，就有机会赢得一辆女子山地车。"A. shared分享；B. returned返回；C. chose选择；D. delivered递送。根据下文"For each bicycle we receive from the__17__people, we're giving away one chance to __18__ a girls' mountain bike"可知，此处为当作者之后把自行车送过去的时候，那个汽车商说："你正使两个孩子变得高兴呢。"故选D。
28．句意：后来，当我把自行车送过去时，车商说："先生，您让两个孩子非常高兴。这是您的票。我们每从善人那里收到一辆自行车，就有机会赢得一辆女子山地车。"A. common常见的；B. fearless无所畏惧的；C. kind善良的；D. careless粗心的。根据上文"each bicycle we receive from"可知，车商所收到的自行车都是心地善良的人捐的。故选C。
29．句意：后来，当我把自行车送过去时，车商说："先生，您让两个孩子非常高兴。这是您的票。我们每从善人那里收到一辆自行车，就有机会赢得一辆女子山地车。"A. paint；B. replace代替；C. steal偷；D. win赢得。根据后句"Why wasn't I surprised when that second ticket proved to be the winner"可推知，此处为每收到一辆好心人送的自行车，我们就有机会赢得一辆女孩山地车。故选D。
30．句意：我认为这是对一个小女孩的一种奖励，因为她的牺牲超出了她的年龄，同时在这个过程中给她爸爸上了一课。A. rewarding回报；B. protecting保护；C. memorizing记住；D. greeting问候。根据该句中的"a little girl for a sacrifice beyond her years"可推知，此处为作者认为这是对一个做出超出自己年龄阶段的牺牲的小女孩的回报。故选A。
31．句意：我认为这是对一个小女孩的一种奖励，因为她的牺牲超出了她的年龄，同时在这个过程中给她爸爸上了一课。A. project工程；B. lesson课；C. suggestion建议；D. struggle挣扎。根据上文"when I _16__ the bikes"可推知，作者受女儿的影响，捐了自行车，所以是给作者上了一课，故选B。
六、第二节 语法填空(共10 小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
（2024高一上·杭州开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519), 32． painter, sculptor (雕塑家), architect and inventor, is probably the most talented person who ever lived. His most famous painting, the Mona Lisa, 33． sits in the Louvre Museum (卢浮宫), is one of the great art attractions of the world.
The Mona Lisa is famous for the mysterious smile 34． the woman's face. What is the reason for her smile Some believe that the Mona Lisa is actually a portrait (肖像) of Da Vinci 35． (he)! This is because some of her 36． (face) features are similar to those in one of Da Vinci's self-portraits. They might suggest that the smile is because Da Vinci knows the 37． (true)—where we see a woman, what he painted was a man. Others might suggest she smiles because she has lost her 38． (tooth)! We will never know for sure, but it is fun to guess!
Mona Lisa didn't always sit behind the glass in the Louvre. In 1911 the painting 39． (steal). Many were called in for questioning, 40． (include) the now famous Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. 41． (lucky), two years after the theft, it was discovered. People are now more careful to protect this precious work of art.
【答案】32．a；33．which；34．on；35．himself；36．facial；37．truth；38．teeth；39．was stolen；40．including；41．Luckily
【知识点】不定冠词；反身代词；非限制性定语从句；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了列奥纳多·达·芬奇的著名画作《蒙娜丽莎》的一些情况。【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及冠词，定语从句，介词，代词，形容词，名词，时态，语态，主谓一致，介词以及副词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
32．句意：列奥纳多·达·芬奇（1452-1519），集画家、雕塑家、建筑师和发明家于一身，可能是有史以来最有才华的人。此处泛指"一位画家"，且painter以辅音音素发音开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
33．句意：他最著名的画作《蒙娜丽莎》收藏在卢浮宫博物馆，是世界上最伟大的艺术景点之一。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Mona Lisa，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
34．句意：蒙娜丽莎以女人脸上神秘的微笑而闻名。表示"在脸上"，应用介词on。故填on。
35．句意：有些人认为蒙娜丽莎实际上是达·芬奇本人的肖像！he，他，人称代词主格。此处指达·芬奇"他自己"的肖像应用反身代词himself。故填himself。
36．句意：这是因为她的一些面部特征与达·芬奇的一幅自画像相似。face， 名词（脸/面孔/面部表情/表面/方面），动词（面对/面向/面临/正视）。空处在句中作前指定与修饰名词features，空处表示"面部的"，facial，形容词，符合语境。故填facial。
37．句意：他们可能会说，微笑是因为达·芬奇知道真相——在我们看到一个女人的地方，他画的是一个男人。true，真正的，形容词，空处在句中作宾语，空处表示"事实/真相"，truth，可数名词，根据空前的the可知，此处表示单数意义，应用其单数形式。故填truth。
38．句意：其他人可能会说她笑是因为她掉了牙！tooth，牙齿，可数名词。空处在句中作宾语，表示复数意义，应用其复数形式。故填teeth。
39．句意：1911年，这幅画被盗。steal，偷/盗，动词。空处为句子的谓语，动词steal与主语painting之间为被动关系，根据时间状语In 1911可知，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词，根据主谓一致原则，主语painting为单数，故be动词应用was。故填was stolen。
40．句意：许多人被传唤问话，包括现在著名的西班牙艺术家巴勃罗·毕加索。include，包含/包括，动词 。此处应用介词including与其后的名词短语构成介词短语，在句中作状语。故填including。
41．句意：幸运的是，失窃两年后，它被发现了。lucky，幸运的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰整个句子，应用其副词形式，句首首字母应大写。故填Luckily。
七、第三部分 写作(满分 15分)
42．（2024高一上·杭州开学考）写一段60-100词的短文，简要告诉我们你今天来学校的情况。内容包括：
1. 来校时采用的交通方式；
2. 进校后印象最深的一个地方 (或一件事)。
参考词汇: 杭州第二中学 Hangzhou No. 2 High School
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Today, I made my way to Hangzhou No. 2 High School by public transportation, specifically taking the subway. The swift and efficient journey left me feeling refreshed and ready for the day ahead. As soon as I stepped onto the sprawling campus, my eyes were immediately drawn to the serene library. The towering windows allowed sunlight to flood the spacious reading halls, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere. It was the library's serenity amidst the hustle and bustle of school life that left the deepest impression on me, reminding me of the importance of finding solace in knowledge and the quiet corners where learning thrives.
【知识点】文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生写一篇英语短文，陈述自己今天来学校的情况。写作背景：作为高一新生，今天是考生进入学校的第一天。内容包括：1. 介绍来校采用的交通方式；2. 阐述校园中印象最深的一件事或者一个地方。注意：1. 时态为一般过去时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数为60个到100个之间。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：As soon as I stepped onto the sprawling campus, my eyes were immediately drawn to the serene library. （运用了as soon as引导的时间状语从句）；The towering windows allowed sunlight to flood the spacious reading halls, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）；It was the library's serenity amidst the hustle and bustle of school life that left the deepest impression on me, reminding me of the importance of finding solace in knowledge and the quiet corners where learning thrives.（运用了强调句，现在分词短语作状语以及where引导的定语从句）。
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