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Section 9 Reading Club (自修课)
(一)Reading Club 1 ——自主学案
积词汇
一、掌握高频词汇
1．When working together with others, it is important that you have a clear vision and a working plan to achieve it.
当与他人一起工作时，有清晰的愿景和实现它的工作计划是很重要的。
★vision n．视野；视力
[用法感知]
①(“活动介绍”佳句)Through various activities and interactions in school, our vision gradually widens, enabling us to embrace a more colorful future.
通过学校里的各种活动和交流，我们的视野逐渐开阔，使我们能够拥抱更加多彩的未来。
②(“建议”类佳句)In order to improve your study efficiency, I suggest that you have a clear version of your strengths and weaknesses.
为了提高你的学习效率，我建议你对自己的优势和劣势有清晰的认识。
[归纳点拨]
have good/perfect/poor/blurred/normal vision视力好/极好/差/模糊/正常
have a vision of 想象，憧憬
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③I now have a vision ____________ what they will look like in the future.
④When choosing a career, ________________ gives you more options, such as being a police officer or a soldier.
在选择职业时，拥有好视力会给你更多的选择，比如成为一名警察或军人。
2．Also, treat your team members respectfully as equals.
同时，平等尊重地对待你的团队成员。
★respectfully adv.有礼貌地，恭敬地
[用法感知]
①(“动作描写”佳句)The students stood up respectfully as the teacher entered the classroom.
当老师走进教室时，学生们恭敬地站起来。
②(主旨升华句)Respect is a two way street.If you want to get it, you've got to give it.
尊重是一条双向道。如果你想得到它，你就得给予它。
[归纳点拨]
(1)respect vt. 尊敬，尊重；敬意
n. 细节；方面；敬意；问候
respect sb.for sth. 因某事而尊重某人
have/show respect for sb. 对某人表现尊重
give/send one's respects to sb. 向某人表达问候
out of respect for ... 出于对……的尊敬；顾及
in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面
in respect of＝with respect to 关于；就……而言
(2)respectful adj. 恭敬的；有礼貌的
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③In a multicultural society, it is crucial to interact with others positively, showing respect ____________ different beliefs and customs.
④____________ respect to your other suggestions, I am not yet able to tell you our decision.
⑤She remained silent out of respect ________ the elders' opinions, even though she disagreed.
⑥I would like to ____________ (respectful) suggest that you consider alternative solutions.
⑦She has always tried new ways to make her class lively and interesting, and I ________________________________.
她总是尝试新的方法使她的课生动有趣，我敬重她这一点。
⑧Everyone has the right to be treated ________________.
每个人都有受到尊重对待的权利。
二、拓展主题词汇
1．successful adj. 成功的
2．creative adj. 创造性的
3．curious adj. 好奇的，有求知欲的
4．flexible adj. 灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的
5．judgement n. 判断力
6．goal n. 目标
7．confident adj. 自信的；确信的
8．equal adj. 平等的；相等的；胜任的
n. 同等的人；相等物
9．get along with 与……和睦相处；取得进展
10．focus on 集中于
11．be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事
学佳句
一、经典句式背诵仿写
1.
悟原句 It is not always easy for them to recognise you or respect you immediately.(it be＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.) 要让他们立刻认可你或尊重你并不总是很容易。
写佳句 (2024·浙江1月高考写作)For an active school day, ______________________________ between classes. 对于一个活跃的学校日，我们在课间锻炼是必不可少的。
2.
悟原句 Moving to a new working environment, you may need to deal with things that don't belong to your own field.(现在分词短语作状语) 进入一个新的工作环境，你可能需要处理一些不属于自己领域的事情。
写佳句 (2024·全国甲卷书面表达)Besides, with its amazing speed and high efficiency, the high speed train has shortened the distance between cities and regions, ________________________________________. 此外，高速列车以其惊人的速度和高效率缩短了城市和地区之间的距离，促进了经济的发展。
3.
悟原句 In such a case, people who are more willing to learn new things can become more flexible and be able to meet new requirements in their job.(who引导定语从句) 在这种情况下，更愿意学习新事物的人可以变得更灵活，能够满足工作中的新 要求。
写佳句 He admires those ________________________________________________________ 他钦佩那些为实现梦想而努力的人。
4.
悟原句 Learning or working in a new environment, you need to have a good sense of judgement when joining a discussion or making a decision.(状语从句的省略) 在一个新的环境中学习或工作，你需要在参与讨论或做决定时有良好的判断力。
写佳句 (2022·全国乙卷书面表达)What's more, 12% of the students choose to visit English learning websites __________________________________. 此外，12%的学生在提高英语技能时选择访问英语学习网站。
二、复杂句式化繁为简
请将上句中的主语从句改写成简单句：
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
析语篇
一、阅读理解
1．Why should you think to yourself, “I own the room.” before you walk in？( )
A．To show off your house.
B．To create a connection with people.
C．To remind yourself to be confident.
D．To sell the house.
2．What should you do to have a good sense of judgement？( )
A．Join a discussion.
B．Make a decision.
C．Think about what is right.
D．Be careful with every small choice.
3．How can you be successful in a new environment according to the writer？( )
A．Be confident.
B．Be helpful to others.
C．Set clear goals and learn.
D．All of the above.
二、阅读表达
1．Do you agree with the writer's advice in the article Which suggestion do you think is the most important Give your reasons.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2．What other suggestions will you add to the list
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
(二)Reading Club 2 ——自主学案
积词汇
一、掌握高频词汇
There are few transportation options and it's bad for health.
交通方式选择很少，还有害健康。
★option n．选择；(计算机的)选项，选择
[用法感知]
①(“建议”类佳句)Considering your circumstances, I suggest two options.Option one is to have a heart to heart conversation with your friend.
考虑到你的情况，我建议两个选择。选择一是与你的朋友进行推心置腹的交谈。
②Certain courses are compulsory, and others are optional.
某些课程是必修的，其他是选修的。
[归纳点拨]
(1)option of doing sth./to do sth. 做某事的选择/选择做某事
have no option but to do sth. 别无选择只能做某事
(2)optional adj. 可选择的，随意的
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③If you want to improve your language skills, you have the option ____________ enrolling in a language course or practicing with native speakers regularly.
④A savings plan that gives you the option ____________ (vary) your monthly payments is helpful to you.
⑤Faced with the serious situation, we ______________________________ immediate action.
面对严峻的形势，我们别无选择，只能立即采取行动。
二、拓展主题词汇
1．bedtime n． 就寝时间
2．social adj. 社会的，社交的；群居的
3．shift v．& n. 转移；轮班
4．solution n. 解决方案；解答
5．involve vt. 包含；牵涉；使陷于；潜心于
6．support v. 支持；帮助；支撑；维持
7．well paid adj. 报酬优厚的，高薪的
8．apply for 申请，请求
学佳句
一、经典句式背诵仿写
1.
悟原句 While there may be some advantages to work at this time, working at night also brings particular problems: family life is difficult and social life is limited.(while引导让步状语从句) 尽管在这个时间工作可能有一些优势，但在晚间工作也带来了特殊的问题：不方便过家庭生活、社交生活受限。
写佳句 ______________________________________， I do not have much time available. 尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少时间。
2.
悟原句 I work at night because I'm fascinated by the stars, and I have been since I was a little boy.(since引导时间状语从句) 我夜间工作是因为我从小就对星星很着迷。
写佳句 ____________________________________， I have felt more energetic and healthy. 自从我开始定期锻炼，我感觉更有活力和健康了。
3.
悟原句 What I'd really like to do is working with high school students and helping them with their future.(what引导主语从句) 我真正想做的工作是教高中生，帮助他们规划未来。
写佳句 (2024·浙江1月高考写作)And _______________ is an effective sport: jumping jacks. 我推荐的是一项有效的运动：开合跳。
4.
悟原句 It's also interesting because I can use my English.(because引导原因状语从句) 它也很有趣，因为我可以使用英语。
写佳句 I love reading __________________________________________________. 我喜欢阅读，因为它能把我带到不同的世界，丰富我的想象力。
二、复杂句式化繁为简
请将上句改写成简单句：
①_________________________________________________________________________
②_________________________________________________________________________
③_________________________________________________________________________
析语篇
一、阅读理解
1．Which of the following is NOT likely to be a night worker？( )
A．A lorry driver.
B．A nurse looking after ICU patients.
C．A primary school teacher.
D．A baker making breakfast bread.
2．How does Robert solve the problem that his social life is poor？( )
A．By looking down his telescope.
B．By taking photos of stars.
C．By making friends with people around him.
D．By joining a chat room online.
3．Who wants to be a teacher？( )
A．Robert Moore. B．Indira Patel.
C．Tony Baggi. D．John Millar.
二、阅读表达
1．What are the advantages and disadvantages of working in the daytime and at night
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2．If you were offered a job you like, but it needs to be done at night, would you take the job Why or why not
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Section 9 Reading Club (自修课)
(一)Reading Club 1
积词汇
1．③of ④having good vision
2．③for ④With ⑤for ⑥respectfully ⑦respect her for that
⑧with respect
学佳句
一、1.it's essential for us to exercise
2．promoting economic development
3．who make great efforts to realize their dreams
4．when enhancing English skills
二、Having a clear vision and a working plan to achieve it is important for you.
析语篇
一、1～3 CCD
二、1.I couldn't agree more.The first tip is the most important, because I believe that only when one is curious and willing to learn new things, knowledge and skills can one have confidence in the workplace and be more valuable.
2．In addition to some good suggestions mentioned in the article, I personally think it is also very important to handle the relationship with colleagues and leaders well.
(二)Reading Club 2
积词汇
③of ④to vary ⑤have no option but to take
学佳句
一、1.While I am willing to help
2．Since I started exercising regularly
3．what I recommend
4．because it transports me to different worlds and enriches my imagination
二、①My work involves repairing the railway tracks.
②We have to work at night.
③They can't stop the trains during the day.
析语篇
一、1～3 CDD
二、1.Day working and night working have both advantages and disadvantages.Relatively working day shift is more efficient and good for personal health.Night working, by contrast, offers beautiful views and a relatively quiet working environment, but it's not good for our health.
2．I won't accept that.Because health is more important than the money you get for your work.(共78张PPT)
Section 9 Reading Club (自修课)
目 录
(一)Reading Club 1——自主学案
(二)Reading Club 2 ——自主学案
课时检测
Reading Club 1 ——自主学案
(一)
积词汇
一、掌握高频词汇
1．When working together with others, it is important that you have a clear vision and a working plan to achieve it.
当与他人一起工作时，有清晰的愿景和实现它的工作计划是很 重要的。
★vision n．视野；视力
[用法感知]
①(“活动介绍”佳句)Through various activities and interactions in school, our vision gradually widens, enabling us to embrace a more colorful future.
通过学校里的各种活动和交流，我们的视野逐渐开阔，使我们能够拥抱更加多彩的未来。
②(“建议”类佳句)In order to improve your study efficiency, I suggest that you have a clear version of your strengths and weaknesses.
为了提高你的学习效率，我建议你对自己的优势和劣势有清晰 的认识。
[归纳点拨]
have good/perfect/poor/blurred/normal vision
视力好/极好/差/模糊/正常
have a vision of 想象，憧憬
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③I now have a vision ___ what they will look like in the future.
④When choosing a career, _________________ gives you more options, such as being a police officer or a soldier.
在选择职业时，拥有好视力会给你更多的选择，比如成为一名 警察或军人。
of
having good vision
2．Also, treat your team members respectfully as equals.
同时，平等尊重地对待你的团队成员。
★respectfully adv.有礼貌地，恭敬地
[用法感知]
①(“动作描写”佳句)The students stood up respectfully as the teacher entered the classroom.
当老师走进教室时，学生们恭敬地站起来。
②(主旨升华句)Respect is a two-way street.If you want to get it, you've got to give it.
尊重是一条双向道。如果你想得到它，你就得给予它。
[归纳点拨]
(1)respect vt. 尊敬，尊重；敬意
n. 细节；方面；敬意；问候
respect sb.for sth. 因某事而尊重某人
have/show respect for sb. 对某人表现尊重
give/send one's respects to sb. 向某人表达问候
out of respect for ... 出于对……的尊敬；顾及
in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面
in respect of＝with respect to 关于；就……而言
(2)respectful adj. 恭敬的；有礼貌的
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③In a multicultural society, it is crucial to interact with others positively, showing respect _____ different beliefs and customs.
④_______ respect to your other suggestions, I am not yet able to tell you our decision.
⑤She remained silent out of respect _____ the elders' opinions, even though she disagreed.
for
With
for
⑥I would like to ___________ (respectful) suggest that you consider alternative solutions.
⑦She has always tried new ways to make her class lively and interesting, and I ____________________.
她总是尝试新的方法使她的课生动有趣，我敬重她这一点。
⑧Everyone has the right to be treated _____________.
每个人都有受到尊重对待的权利。
respectfully
respect her for that
with respect
二、拓展主题词汇
1．successful adj. 成功的
2．creative adj. 创造性的
3．curious adj. 好奇的，有求知欲的
4．flexible adj. 灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的
5．judgement n. 判断力
6．goal n. 目标
7．confident adj. 自信的；确信的
8．equal adj. 平等的；相等的；胜任的
n. 同等的人；相等物
9．get along with 与……和睦相处；取得进展
10．focus on 集中于
11．be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事
学佳句
一、经典句式背诵仿写
1.
悟原句 It is not always easy for them to recognise you or respect you immediately.(it be＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.)
要让他们立刻认可你或尊重你并不总是很容易。
写佳句 (2024·浙江1月高考写作)For an active school day, ______________ _____________ between classes.
对于一个活跃的学校日，我们在课间锻炼是必不可少的。
it's essential for
us to exercise
2.
悟原句 Moving to a new working environment, you may need to deal with things that don't belong to your own field.(现在分词短语作状语)
进入一个新的工作环境，你可能需要处理一些不属于自己领域的事情。
写佳句 (2024·全国甲卷书面表达)Besides, with its amazing speed and high efficiency, the high-speed train has shortened the distance between cities and regions, _______________________________.
此外，高速列车以其惊人的速度和高效率缩短了城市和地区之间的距离，促进了经济的发展。
promoting economic development
3.
悟原句 In such a case, people who are more willing to learn new things can become more flexible and be able to meet new requirements in their job.(who引导定语从句)
在这种情况下，更愿意学习新事物的人可以变得更灵活，能够满足工作中的新要求。
写佳句 He admires those ________________________________________.
他钦佩那些为实现梦想而努力的人。
who make great efforts to realize their dreams
4.
悟原句 Learning or working in a new environment, you need to have a good sense of judgement when joining a discussion or making a decision.(状语从句的省略)
在一个新的环境中学习或工作，你需要在参与讨论或做决定时有良好的判断力。
写佳句 (2022·全国乙卷书面表达)What's more, 12% of the students choose to visit English-learning websites _____________________________.
此外，12%的学生在提高英语技能时选择访问英语学习网站。
when enhancing English skills
二、复杂句式化繁为简
请将上句中的主语从句改写成简单句：
_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Having a clear vision and a working plan to achieve it is important for you.
析语篇
一、阅读理解
1．Why should you think to yourself，“I own the room.” before you walk in
A．To show off your house.
B．To create a connection with people.
C．To remind yourself to be confident.
D．To sell the house.
√
2．What should you do to have a good sense of judgement
A．Join a discussion.
B．Make a decision.
C．Think about what is right.
D．Be careful with every small choice.
√
3．How can you be successful in a new environment according to the writer
A．Be confident.
B．Be helpful to others.
C．Set clear goals and learn.
D．All of the above.
√
二、阅读表达
1．Do you agree with the writer's advice in the article Which suggestion do you think is the most important Give your reasons.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
I couldn't agree more.The first tip is the most important, because I believe that only when one is curious and willing to learn new things, knowledge and skills can one have confidence in the workplace and be more valuable.
2．What other suggestions will you add to the list
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
In addition to some good suggestions mentioned in the article, I personally think it is also very important to handle the relationship with colleagues and leaders well.
Reading Club 2 ——自主学案
(二)
积词汇
一、掌握高频词汇
There are few transportation options and it's bad for health.
交通方式选择很少，还有害健康。
★option n．选择；(计算机的)选项，选择
[用法感知]
①(“建议”类佳句)Considering your circumstances, I suggest two options.Option one is to have a heart-to-heart conversation with your friend.
考虑到你的情况，我建议两个选择。选择一是与你的朋友进行推心置腹的交谈。
②Certain courses are compulsory, and others are optional.
某些课程是必修的，其他是选修的。
[归纳点拨]
(1)option of doing sth./to do sth. 做某事的选择/选择做某事
have no option but to do sth. 别无选择只能做某事
(2)optional adj. 可选择的，随意的
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③If you want to improve your language skills, you have the option _____ enrolling in a language course or practicing with native speakers regularly.
④A savings plan that gives you the option _________ (vary) your monthly payments is helpful to you.
⑤Faced with the serious situation, we _______________________ immediate action.
面对严峻的形势，我们别无选择，只能立即采取行动。
of
to vary
have no option but to take
二、拓展主题词汇
1．bedtime n． 就寝时间
2．social adj. 社会的，社交的；群居的
3．shift v．& n. 转移；轮班
4．solution n. 解决方案；解答
5．involve vt. 包含；牵涉；使陷于；潜心于
6．support v. 支持；帮助；支撑；维持
7．well-paid adj. 报酬优厚的，高薪的
8．apply for 申请，请求
学佳句
一、经典句式背诵仿写
1.
悟原句 While there may be some advantages to work at this time, working at night also brings particular problems: family life is difficult and social life is limited.(while引导让步状语从句)
尽管在这个时间工作可能有一些优势，但在晚间工作也带来了特殊的问题：不方便过家庭生活、社交生活受限。
续表
写佳句 _________________________, I do not have much time available.
尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少时间。
While I am willing to help
2.
悟原句 I work at night because I'm fascinated by the stars, and I have been since I was a little boy.(since引导时间状语从句)
我夜间工作是因为我从小就对星星很着迷。
写佳句 _________________________________, I have felt more energetic and healthy.
自从我开始定期锻炼，我感觉更有活力和健康了。
Since I started exercising regularly
3.
悟原句 What I'd really like to do is working with high school students and helping them with their future.(what引导主语从句)
我真正想做的工作是教高中生，帮助他们规划未来。
写佳句 (2024·浙江1月高考写作)And __________________ is an effective sport: jumping jacks.
我推荐的是一项有效的运动：开合跳。
what I recommend
4.
悟原句 It's also interesting because I can use my English.(because引导原因状语从句)
它也很有趣，因为我可以使用英语。
写佳句 I love reading ___________________________________________
______________________.
我喜欢阅读，因为它能把我带到不同的世界，丰富我的想象力。
because it transports me to different worlds and
enriches my imagination
二、复杂句式化繁为简
请将上句改写成简单句：
①________________________________________
②______________________
③_____________________________________
My work involves repairing the railway tracks.
We have to work at night.
They can't stop the trains during the day.
析语篇
一、阅读理解
1．Which of the following is NOT likely to be a night worker
A．A lorry driver.
B．A nurse looking after ICU patients.
C．A primary school teacher.
D．A baker making breakfast bread.
√
2．How does Robert solve the problem that his social life is poor
A．By looking down his telescope.
B．By taking photos of stars.
C．By making friends with people around him.
D．By joining a chat room online.
√
3．Who wants to be a teacher
A．Robert Moore. B．Indira Patel.
C．Tony Baggi. D．John Millar.
√
二、阅读表达
1．What are the advantages and disadvantages of working in the daytime and at night
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Day working and night working have both advantages and disadvantages.Relatively working day shift is more efficient and good for personal health.Night working, by contrast, offers beautiful views and a relatively quiet working environment, but it's not good for our health.
2．If you were offered a job you like, but it needs to be done at night, would you take the job Why or why not
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
I won't accept that.Because health is more important than the money you get for your work.
课时检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Lila Gleitman was driving her two-year-old daughter in the car when, going across a sharp turn, she advised her daughter to “hold on tight”．The kid responded, “Isn't that ‘tightly’？”
It was a turning point in her career.Realising that her two-year-old already had an understanding of languages made Gleitman want to get into her child's head.She wondered: What does she know, and when does she know it
Gleitman turned those questions into a research career that helped define psycholinguistics (心理语言学)．Her early interest coincided with Noam Chomsky, a frequent visitor to the University of Pennsylvania when she studied there.The two scholars considered that the mental systems which might produce the sentences you hear, are shaped by abstract rules that speakers may not even know that they know.
An early piece of Gleitman's research, for example, researched small children's “telegraphic” speech, in which many words are left out: A kid might say “throw ball” rather than “throw me the ball”．This seems to imply that the child's knowledge is primitive.But she found that children obey instructions better when their parents use adult-style English than when they copy their kids' languages.
So parents do not need to use “motherese” — her husband Henry's term — with their children.She found that their progressive mastery of language rules had little to do with how much (or little) motherese their caregivers used.
As the learning process goes on, children deploy some remarkable strategies.They often seem to correctly guess what a word means after hearing it just once.The physical environment is an obvious encouragement (as when they hear “dog” and see one at the same time)．But how would a child guess the meaning of the verb in “I believed that he lost his keys”？ Gleitman noticed that the sentence
structure is identical to those with other verbs that mean similar things: saw, remembered, worried and doubted.More broadly, it turned out that verbs which are similar in meaning tend to turn up in similar sentence structures.This helps children learn quickly, a process she called “syntactic bootstrapping (语法自举)”．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Lila Gleitman因女儿的一句话改变了职业生涯，创立了心理语言学以及她和另外一位学者随后在儿童语言学习方面进行的一些研究。
1．What was the turning point in Gleitman's career
A．Her husband's persuasion.
B．One suggestion from her professor.
C．One sentence from her daughter.
D．Her meeting with Noam Chomsky.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可知，女儿的一句话成了Gleitman事业的转折点。
√
2．When do kids follow their parents' instructions better
A．When the parents use “motherese”．
B．When the parents use adult-style English.
C．When the parents copy their kids' languages.
D．When the parents adopt remarkable strategies.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Lila Gleitman发现当父母使用成人式英语时，孩子们能更好地听从他们的指示。
√
3．What does the underlined word “deploy” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Use. B．Plan.
C．Change. D．Abandon.
√
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“They often seem to correctly guess what a word means after hearing it just once.”可知，孩子们似乎经常会在听到一个词一次后立刻猜出这个词的正确含义。结合画线词所在句可推知，孩子们会运用一些策略。因此，deploy意为“利用”，与A项意思相近。
4．How does a kid know the meaning of a verb according to Gleitman
A．By looking it up in a dictionary.
B．By being told by his or her parents.
C．By learning it in his or her school.
D．By guessing it from sentence structures.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，孩子们会从相似的句子结构中猜测单词的含义。
√
B
Over the last few years, social mobility (流动性) between the generations has become an important topic.Many possible factors that prevent children from moving further up the social ladder than their parents have already been investigated, such as financial resources, the educational system and genetics.Recently, Dr.Reto Odermatt (University of Basel) and Prof.Dr.Warn Lekfuangfu (Universidad Carlos Ⅲ de Madrid) conducted a study to investigate the connection between career aspirations in social mobility and later life satisfaction.
The basis for the study is a dataset (数据集) that follows the lives of over 17,000 people in the UK who were all born in the same week in 1958, and continues to collect data to this day.Among other things, the dataset gathers together information on each individual's childhood environment, the backgrounds of their parents, the participants' abilities, their aspirations in their youth, their jobs and their happiness as an adult.
The authors used this dataset to investigate how the aspirations of children and young people affect their later life.And they eventually found that the educational and career aspirations held by participants as teenagers were among the most important forecasters overall for their later success in education and careers.This indicates that ambitious career goals motivate people to invest more in their future career success.
The opposite is also the case: Unambitious career aspirations can be an important explanation for limited social mobility.The study showed that young people whose parents were less well educated did indeed have less ambitious career goals.“This cannot be explained solely by the differences in family income or in participants' abilities.It is more the case that inequality seems to begin early on, with their parents' aspirations for them，” reasons Odermatt.“We didn't expect parents' aspirations for their children to have such a strong influence.”
“This reminds us that we shouldn't leave it entirely to parents to influence children's career aspirations; schools can step in here，” Odermatt points out.Teaching staff could actively make teenagers aware of careers that suit their abilities.This could encourage them to look beyond their own horizons.After all, a person's view of the world is often strongly defined by their surroundings.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间有紧密联系。父母对孩子的期待影响着孩子的未来；学校应该让学生有更广阔的见识、知道自己适合的职业，以提高他们未来职业生涯的满意度。
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To present previous research findings on social mobility.
B．To introduce the concept of social mobility to readers.
C．To indicate the complexity of social mobility research.
D．To stress the practical significance of the new study.
√
解析：写作目的题。根据第一段可知，代际间的社会流动性是一个重要的社会话题，但是之前的研究涉及的是经济资源、教育系统和遗传等因素，因此这项新的研究——社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间的联系有重要的实际意义，第一段旨在强调这一点。
6．What can we learn about the dataset of the study
A．It has some unexpected limitations.
B．It focuses more on children than on adults.
C．It covers many aspects of individuals involved.
D．It was set up through joint efforts of many countries.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Among other things ...and their happiness as an adult.”可知，该调查研究涉及个人的许多方面。
√
7．Which of the following surprised the researchers
A．“Dreaming big” can have a negative influence on young children.
B．Children's future can be obviously affected by parents' aspirations.
C．Educated parents tend to have unambitious aspirations for children.
D．Ambitious career goals can be helpful in removing social inequality.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，让研究者意外的是父母的期望对孩子的未来有很大影响。
√
8．What does Odermatt expect teachers to do
A．To help students broaden their horizons.
B．To encourage students to try various careers.
C．To make changes to the students' surroundings.
D．To improve students' adaptability to new environments.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的前三句可知，Odermatt期待老师帮助学生开阔眼界。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
The job-searching process can be exciting and challenging. 9 This includes increasing your understanding of how to do well in the application process, including during interviews.Here are some tips for you.
Customize your application materials.You are likely to stand out if you tailor each resume to the job you apply for.You can have a basic resume and adjust it to fit the job description by using any obvious keywords from the job listing. 10
Research potential employers.Research companies in the industry you want to work in and know what they offer agrees with what you want. 11 Therefore, you can limit it based on location or other factors.Then you can use that list to look into individual employers to see what job openings they might have, what past and current employees think about working there and what the corporate culture is like.
12 This is often a big help to job seekers and is a skill many people need for their careers.Whether you're looking for a new opportunity in your current field or you're hoping to start a career in a new field, you will probably find value in meeting other professionals in that industry.You can do this at industry-specific events, conferences, online platforms or through other people you know.
Send a thank-you note.After an interview, you are recommended to send a thank-you note to the person who interviewed you. 13 For instance, if your networking helped you get an interview, show appreciation to those who helped you, or if you received help from an assistant or another professional, you could also thank them for their help as well.
A．Understand your industry.
B．But you can also take it further.
C．Expand networks in your preferred industry.
D．Depending on the industry, this could be a very long list.
E．Showing gratitude is something many employers appreciate.
F．You should also emphasize relevant skills sought in the job listing.
G．You should do anything to set yourself positively apart from other applicants.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者就如何找工作提出了四条 建议。
9．选G 空后说找工作有很多事要做，而空后的This应该指的是上一句的内容，所以空处的句子也应该是说找工作有很多事要做，所以G项(你应该尽一切努力使自己从其他申请者中脱颖而出)符合文意，空后的This就是指G项中提到的这种做法。
10．选F 根据空前的句子可知，在第二段作者主要建议要量身定制每份简历，所以空处的句子也应该和拟定简历相关，而F项就是建议在简历中强调你具备招聘启事中所需的相关技能，符合文意。
11．选D 根据空后的“Therefore”可知，空处的句子和下一句应该是因果关系，而空后的句子建议根据位置或其他因素来限制它。空后的it指的是D项中a very long list；因为很长，所以要根据位置或其他因素来限制它。故D项(根据行业的不同，这可能是一个很长的清单)符合文意。
12．选C 空处的句子应该是该段的主题句。根据下文可知，作者建议去结识行业的其他专业人士，并且建议了结识他们的方式。所以该段的主题应该和拓展人脉有关。故C项(在你喜欢的行业拓展人脉)符合文意。
13．选B 根据空前的句子可知，面试后，你应该给面试官发送一封感谢信。根据空后的“For instance”可知，后面的例子应该是对空处的句子进行说明，而后面的句子是进一步建议你要感谢的人。故B项(但你也可以进一步采取行动)衔接上下文，符合文意。1 / 4
UNIT 7 课时检测(九) Reading Club (自修课)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Lila Gleitman was driving her two year old daughter in the car when, going across a sharp turn, she advised her daughter to “hold on tight”．The kid responded, “Isn't that ‘tightly’？”
It was a turning point in her career.Realising that her two year old already had an understanding of languages made Gleitman want to get into her child's head.She wondered: What does she know, and when does she know it
Gleitman turned those questions into a research career that helped define psycholinguistics (心理语言学)．Her early interest coincided with Noam Chomsky, a frequent visitor to the University of Pennsylvania when she studied there.The two scholars considered that the mental systems which might produce the sentences you hear, are shaped by abstract rules that speakers may not even know that they know.
An early piece of Gleitman's research, for example, researched small children's “telegraphic” speech, in which many words are left out: A kid might say “throw ball” rather than “throw me the ball”．This seems to imply that the child's knowledge is primitive.But she found that children obey instructions better when their parents use adult style English than when they copy their kids' languages.
So parents do not need to use “motherese” — her husband Henry's term — with their children.She found that their progressive mastery of language rules had little to do with how much (or little) motherese their caregivers used.
As the learning process goes on, children deploy some remarkable strategies.They often seem to correctly guess what a word means after hearing it just once.The physical environment is an obvious encouragement (as when they hear “dog” and see one at the same time)．But how would a child guess the meaning of the verb in “I believed that he lost his keys”？ Gleitman noticed that the sentence structure is identical to those with other verbs that mean similar things: saw, remembered, worried and doubted.More broadly, it turned out that verbs which are similar in meaning tend to turn up in similar sentence structures.This helps children learn quickly, a process she called “syntactic bootstrapping (语法自举)”．
1．What was the turning point in Gleitman's career
A．Her husband's persuasion.
B．One suggestion from her professor.
C．One sentence from her daughter.
D．Her meeting with Noam Chomsky.
2．When do kids follow their parents' instructions better
A．When the parents use “motherese”．
B．When the parents use adult style English.
C．When the parents copy their kids' languages.
D．When the parents adopt remarkable strategies.
3．What does the underlined word “deploy” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Use. B．Plan.
C．Change. D．Abandon.
4．How does a kid know the meaning of a verb according to Gleitman
A．By looking it up in a dictionary.
B．By being told by his or her parents.
C．By learning it in his or her school.
D．By guessing it from sentence structures.
B
Over the last few years, social mobility (流动性) between the generations has become an important topic.Many possible factors that prevent children from moving further up the social ladder than their parents have already been investigated, such as financial resources, the educational system and genetics.Recently, Dr.Reto Odermatt (University of Basel) and Prof.Dr.Warn Lekfuangfu (Universidad Carlos Ⅲ de Madrid) conducted a study to investigate the connection between career aspirations in social mobility and later life satisfaction.
The basis for the study is a dataset (数据集) that follows the lives of over 17,000 people in the UK who were all born in the same week in 1958, and continues to collect data to this day.Among other things, the dataset gathers together information on each individual's childhood environment, the backgrounds of their parents, the participants' abilities, their aspirations in their youth, their jobs and their happiness as an adult.
The authors used this dataset to investigate how the aspirations of children and young people affect their later life.And they eventually found that the educational and career aspirations held by participants as teenagers were among the most important forecasters overall for their later success in education and careers.This indicates that ambitious career goals motivate people to invest more in their future career success.
The opposite is also the case: Unambitious career aspirations can be an important explanation for limited social mobility.The study showed that young people whose parents were less well educated did indeed have less ambitious career goals.“This cannot be explained solely by the differences in family income or in participants' abilities.It is more the case that inequality seems to begin early on, with their parents' aspirations for them，” reasons Odermatt.“We didn't expect parents' aspirations for their children to have such a strong influence.”
“This reminds us that we shouldn't leave it entirely to parents to influence children's career aspirations; schools can step in here，” Odermatt points out.Teaching staff could actively make teenagers aware of careers that suit their abilities.This could encourage them to look beyond their own horizons.After all, a person's view of the world is often strongly defined by their surroundings.
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To present previous research findings on social mobility.
B．To introduce the concept of social mobility to readers.
C．To indicate the complexity of social mobility research.
D．To stress the practical significance of the new study.
6．What can we learn about the dataset of the study
A．It has some unexpected limitations.
B．It focuses more on children than on adults.
C．It covers many aspects of individuals involved.
D．It was set up through joint efforts of many countries.
7．Which of the following surprised the researchers
A．“Dreaming big” can have a negative influence on young children.
B．Children's future can be obviously affected by parents' aspirations.
C．Educated parents tend to have unambitious aspirations for children.
D．Ambitious career goals can be helpful in removing social inequality.
8．What does Odermatt expect teachers to do
A．To help students broaden their horizons.
B．To encourage students to try various careers.
C．To make changes to the students' surroundings.
D．To improve students' adaptability to new environments.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
The job searching process can be exciting and challenging.__9__ This includes increasing your understanding of how to do well in the application process, including during interviews.Here are some tips for you.
Customize your application materials.You are likely to stand out if you tailor each resume to the job you apply for.You can have a basic resume and adjust it to fit the job description by using any obvious keywords from the job listing.__10__
Research potential employers.Research companies in the industry you want to work in and know what they offer agrees with what you want.__11__ Therefore, you can limit it based on location or other factors.Then you can use that list to look into individual employers to see what job openings they might have, what past and current employees think about working there and what the corporate culture is like.
__12__ This is often a big help to job seekers and is a skill many people need for their careers.Whether you're looking for a new opportunity in your current field or you're hoping to start a career in a new field, you will probably find value in meeting other professionals in that industry.You can do this at industry specific events, conferences, online platforms or through other people you know.
Send a thank you note.After an interview, you are recommended to send a thank you note to the person who interviewed you.__13__ For instance, if your networking helped you get an interview, show appreciation to those who helped you, or if you received help from an assistant or another professional, you could also thank them for their help as well.
A．Understand your industry.
B．But you can also take it further.
C．Expand networks in your preferred industry.
D．Depending on the industry, this could be a very long list.
E．Showing gratitude is something many employers appreciate.
F．You should also emphasize relevant skills sought in the job listing.
G．You should do anything to set yourself positively apart from other applicants.
UNIT 7 课时检测(九)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Lila Gleitman因女儿的一句话改变了职业生涯，创立了心理语言学以及她和另外一位学者随后在儿童语言学习方面进行的一些研究。
1．选C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可知，女儿的一句话成了Gleitman事业的转折点。
2．选B 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Lila Gleitman发现当父母使用成人式英语时，孩子们能更好地听从他们的指示。
3．选A 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“They often seem to correctly guess what a word means after hearing it just once.”可知，孩子们似乎经常会在听到一个词一次后立刻猜出这个词的正确含义。结合画线词所在句可推知，孩子们会运用一些策略。因此，deploy意为“利用”，与A项意思相近。
4．选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，孩子们会从相似的句子结构中猜测单词的含义。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间有紧密联系。父母对孩子的期待影响着孩子的未来；学校应该让学生有更广阔的见识、知道自己适合的职业，以提高他们未来职业生涯的满意度。
5．选D 写作目的题。根据第一段可知，代际间的社会流动性是一个重要的社会话题，但是之前的研究涉及的是经济资源、教育系统和遗传等因素，因此这项新的研究——社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间的联系有重要的实际意义，第一段旨在强调这一点。
6．选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Among other things ...and their happiness as an adult.”可知，该调查研究涉及个人的许多方面。
7．选B 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，让研究者意外的是父母的期望对孩子的未来有很大影响。
8．选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的前三句可知，Odermatt期待老师帮助学生开阔眼界。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者就如何找工作提出了四条建议。
9．选G 空后说找工作有很多事要做，而空后的This应该指的是上一句的内容，所以空处的句子也应该是说找工作有很多事要做，所以G项(你应该尽一切努力使自己从其他申请者中脱颖而出)符合文意，空后的This就是指G项中提到的这种做法。
10．选F 根据空前的句子可知，在第二段作者主要建议要量身定制每份简历，所以空处的句子也应该和拟定简历相关，而F项就是建议在简历中强调你具备招聘启事中所需的相关技能，符合文意。
11．选D 根据空后的“Therefore”可知，空处的句子和下一句应该是因果关系，而空后的句子建议根据位置或其他因素来限制它。空后的it指的是D项中a very long list；因为很长，所以要根据位置或其他因素来限制它。故D项(根据行业的不同，这可能是一个很长的清单)符合文意。
12．选C 空处的句子应该是该段的主题句。根据下文可知，作者建议去结识行业的其他专业人士，并且建议了结识他们的方式。所以该段的主题应该和拓展人脉有关。故C项(在你喜欢的行业拓展人脉)符合文意。
13．选B 根据空前的句子可知，面试后，你应该给面试官发送一封感谢信。根据空后的“For instance”可知，后面的例子应该是对空处的句子进行说明，而后面的句子是进一步建议你要感谢的人。故B项(但你也可以进一步采取行动)衔接上下文，符合文意。
