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Section 1 Topic Talk
课时目标
1.听懂关于人体生物学的文本，获取具体信息。
2.运用所学词汇和表达方式，写一篇介绍人的身体或大脑功能的小短文。
3.谈论人体与健康之间的关系。
教材听力“三关过”
一、过词汇关
Ⅰ.词汇联想
Discuss it with your partner and write out some words which can be related to human biology.
Ⅱ.词块互译
1．做一些研究 ________________
2．对……感到惊讶 ________________
3．能够 ________________
4．也，而且 ________________
5．使暖和；变暖和 ________________
6．在极端条件下 ________________
7．看体操比赛 ________________
8．发现 ________________
9．独自 ________________
10．感到疲劳 ________________
11．(be) involved in ________________
12．find cures for diseases ________________
13．do special breathing exercises ________________
14．conduct research ________________
15．look for ways ________________
16．train the experiment's participants ________________
17．make decisions ________________
二、过泛听关——听教材录音选最佳答案
听听力文本9.1，回答第1、2题。
1．What program has Gina just been watching on TV
A．Athletics.
B．TV plays.
C．Entertainment programs.
2．Why does Bob think the human mind is amazing
A．Able to memorise facts.
B．Capable of making decisions.
C．Both A and B.
听听力文本9.2，回答第3、4题。
3．What may be the relationship between the two speakers
A．Employer and employee.
B．Interviewer and host.
C．Teacher and student.
4．What is the theme of Dr.Millhouse's research
A．How the athletes train their bodies.
B．How people can control their emotion.
C．How the human body reacts in extreme conditions.
[答题区] 1～4 ________________
三、过精听关——依据教材听力完成句子
由听力文本9.1，完成句子。
1．I really admire people _____________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
2．Isn't it amazing _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
由听力文本9.2，完成句子。
3．______________________________________________________________，we noticed something very interesting.
4．____________________________________， they stopped doing the exercises properly.
5．So ________________________________ is that people are able to control how hot or cold their bodies are
强化训练“在平时”
一、听力仿真训练
听下面5段对话，回答第1至5题。
1．Why is the man talking to the woman
A．To take out insurance.
B．To describe his illness.
C．To make an appointment.
2．What is the woman doing
A．Complaining.
B．Asking for help.
C．Giving advice.
3．When does the woman want to leave
A．At 1：40. B．At 1：50. C．At 2：15.
4．Who is the woman probably speaking to
A．Her good friend.
B．Her doctor.
C．Her personal trainer.
5．At what time will the man's daughter see a doctor
A．At 11：15 a．m.
B．At 1：45 p．m.
C．At 1：50 p．m.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Which did the woman take
A．Vitamin C. B．Vitamin D. C．Vitamin E.
7．What will the woman probably do next
A．Eat before taking the vitamins.
B．Eat a balanced meal.
C．Tell different vitamins apart.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Where are the speakers
A．In a hospital.
B．In the office.
C．At home.
9．When is the report due
A．Thursday. B．Friday. C．Next Monday.
10．What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report
A．Improve it.
B．Hand it in later.
C．Leave it with him.
[答题区] 1～5 __________ 6～10 __________
二、口语交际训练
根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余的。
W: So you haven't been feeling very well recently.Is that right
M: Yeah.It's my leg, Doctor, my right leg.__1__
W: How would you describe the pain
M: It's like boiling water running down my leg.__2__ I've been losing sleep, and actually I had to put off an important appointment this morning because of the pain.
W: __3__
M: Yes, that's right.Do you think it's serious, Doctor？__4__
W: Well, without doing some tests, I can't be sure whether medicine would help or not.
M: My usual doctor thinks it's only because I have been working too hard.
W: __5__ Don't worry.We'll do a few tests here and see what we find.
M: OK, thank you.Do you mind if I ask how long the tests might take？I have an important meeting at 2：00 p．m. and then a business dinner at 7：00 p．m.
A．That could be the reason.
B．I keep having this strange pain.
C．It's been getting worse recently.
D．I have been working too hard.
E．Why don't you go to see a doctor
F．So the pain has been keeping you awake
G．Do you have any medicine that might help
[答题区] 1～5 ________________
1．★capability n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能
[用法感知]
①(“通知”类佳句)Any student who possesses that unusual capability to convey feeling, insight, and passion through art can sign for the competition.
凡是拥有通过艺术传达情感、洞察力和激情等非凡能力的学生都可以报名参加比赛。
②You'll never know what you're capable of unless you give it a try.
不尝试一下，你永远不知道自己的能力。
[归纳点拨]
(1)have the capability to do/of doing sth. 有做某事的能力
beyond/within the capability 在能力范围之外/内
(2)capable adj. 有能力的；有才干的；有资格的
be capable of 能够
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Considering his ____________ (capable) in dealing with all kinds of people, he was appointed chairman of the committee.
④The boy has no capability ____________ (understand) the fiction.That is, it is ________ his capability.
⑤Animals in the zoo have lost ________________________________ for themselves.
动物园的动物已经丧失自己捕食的能力。
⑥I am fluent in English and _____________________________ with English speakers freely.
我能流利地讲英语，能和说英语的人自由交流。
2．★justify vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护
[用法感知]
①Her success justified the faith her teachers had put in her.
她的成功证明了老师对她有信心是正确的。
②He has a strong desire to justify himself.
他迫切想为自己辩护。
[归纳点拨]
justify doing sth. 为做某事辩解；是……的正当理由
justify sth./oneself to sb. 对某人解释某事/为自己辩解
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③How can they justify ____________ (pay) such huge salaries
④The general manager has been asked to justify the decision ____________ the staff.
⑤Nothing ______________________ such a mistake.
什么都不能成为犯此错误的正当理由。
⑥You don't need to ___________________________________________________.
你不必向我解释你的理由。
3．★infer vt.推断，推定
[用法感知]
①(“语言学习”主题佳句)When you read, the meaning of most words needs to be inferred from the context.
当你阅读时，大部分单词的含义需要从上下文中推断。
②Researchers have recently made an inference that motor vehicle use in urban areas has already reached its peak and will decline.
研究人员最近做出推断，城市地区的机动车使用已经达到顶峰，将会下降。
[归纳点拨]
(1)infer sth.(from sth.) (从某事中)推断某事
infer that ... 推断；推论；推理
(2)inference n. 推理；推论；推断
draw/make inferences from 根据……推论出结果
by inference 由此推断
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③I inferred ____________ the article that the pilot was responsible for the accident.
④The clear ____________ (infer) is that the universe is expanding.
⑤It had an extremely tiny head and, ________ inference, a tiny brain.
⑥I ________________________ that you have not been well.
我从她的话里推断出你身体一直不大好。
⑦________________________________ from this evidence in this article
基于这篇文章的论据，你能得出什么样的推断？
4．★calculate vt.计算，核算
[用法感知]
①(“细节描写”佳句)When leaving the cashier desk, she calculated she had saved 80 cents today.
离开收银台时，她算了算，今天省了80美分。
②(“人物描写”佳句)Though he is young, he has a sharp mind to do difficult mathematics calculations.
虽然他年纪小，但他有敏锐的头脑来做复杂的数学计算。
[归纳点拨]
(1)calculate that ... 算出……
It is calculated that ... 据估算……
be calculated to do sth. 打算做某事
(2)calculator n. 计算器
(3)calculation n. 计算
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Benefit ____________ (calculate) on the basis of average weekly earnings.
④Let's make a check on his ____________ (calculate)．
⑤________________________________ this trip to the historic sites will cost us $1,000.
据估算，这次去历史遗址的旅行要花掉我们1 000美元。
5．★participant n．参加者，参与者
[用法感知]
①(“活动介绍”佳句)The purpose of this activity is to offer participants a chance to experience life in the wild and help them to learn some basic wildness survival skills.
活动目的是为参与者提供一个体验野外生活的机会，帮助他们学习一些基本的野外生存技能。
②(“活动介绍”佳句)I participated in The Robot Design Competition held by our school last week.上周我参加了学校举办的机器人设计比赛。
[归纳点拨]
(1)participate vi. 参与，参加；分享
participate in 参加
participate with sb.in sth. 与某人分担某事
(2)participation n. 参与，参加
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③I'd like to participate ____________ you in sufferings.
④He has been an active ____________ (participate) in the discussion.
⑤A back injury prevented active ____________ (participate) in any sports for a while.
⑥Many talented students as well as music teachers __________________________.
许多有天赋的学生和音乐老师都参加了这个音乐节。
⑦We are looking forward to your support and ________________________________.
我们期待您支持并积极参与该项目。
6．After they'd been doing the breathing exercises for about twenty minutes, we noticed something very interesting.
在他们做了大约20分钟的呼吸练习后，我们注意到一些非常有趣的事情。
感知将学语法——过去完成进行时
句中had been doing为过去完成进行时。
①When I moved into the new house, I felt the happy life I had been dreaming of came at last.
当我搬进新家时，我感到我一直梦想的幸福生活终于到来了。
②I had been working on maths for the whole afternoon and the numbers swam before my eyes.
一整个下午我都在做数学题，所以我眼前全是数字。
7．Isn't it amazing what the human mind and body are capable of
人类大脑和身体的能力难道不是很惊人吗？
巩固已学语法——名词性从句
本句为what引导的名词性从句。
[应用融会] (完成句子)
①After that, ______________________ the Amber room remains a mystery.
从那以后，琥珀屋发生了什么仍然是个谜。
②This is ____________________________ — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
这是我父亲教我的——永远面对困难，并抱最大的希望。
③I heard voices, but couldn't make out ________________________________.
我能听到声音，却听不清他们在说什么。
培育“文化意识”
名言1 People's health is a key indicator of a prosperous nation and a strong country. —Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China
意义 人民健康是民族昌盛和国家富强的重要标志。——中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会报告
深意 解读 People's health is the cornerstone of national development. Only by ensuring the good health of the people can we ensure the smooth progress of various undertakings of the country.
名言2 A person's life is limited but serving the people is limitless.I want to devote my limited life to serving the people limitlessly.—Lei Feng
意义 人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命投入到无限的为人民服务之中去。——雷锋
深意 解读 Life is precious.It is only once for each person.How to spend this limited life？Serve the people！
[拓展阅读]
Lei Feng (1940－1962), a soldier in the Chinese People's Liberation Army who was honoured as a role model and dedicated worker on many occasions.Lei Feng's greatest influence on later generations is the spirit of Lei Feng named after him.In the final analysis, Lei Feng's spirit is the spirit of serving the people wholeheartedly.Lei Feng's spirit influences the Chinese people from generation to generation.
雷锋(1940－1962)，中国人民解放军战士，曾多次被誉为模范和敬业的工作者。雷锋对后世影响最大的是以其名字命名的雷锋精神。雷锋精神归根结底就是全心全意为人民服务的精神。雷锋精神影响了后来一代又一代的中国人。
名言3 The human body is the best picture of the human soul.—Ludwig Wittgenstein
意义 人的身体是人类灵魂的最好写照。——路德维希·维特根斯坦
深意 解读 If a person wants to show his ability well, he needs to have a healthy body, because only in this way can he show his ability better.
[拓展阅读]
Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889－1951), an Austrian born British philosopher and logician.
路德维希·维特根斯坦(1889－1951)，奥地利裔英国哲学家和逻辑学家。
名言4 Every human brain is different — the brain makes each human unique and defines who he or she is.— Stanley B．Prusiner
意义 每个人的大脑都是不同的——大脑使每个人独一无二，并定义了他或她是谁。——斯坦利·B·普鲁西纳
深意 解读 Differences in the brain, that is, in the way one thinks, are the main criteria that distinguish one person from another.
[拓展阅读]
Stanley B．Prusiner (born in 1942), an American neurologist and biochemist.
斯坦利·B·普鲁西纳(生于1942年)，美国神经学家和生化学家。
参与“交流探讨”
根据名言(The human body is the best picture of the human soul.)，谈谈你将来作为医务工作者的打算。
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Section 1 Topic Talk
NO.1 练听说
教材听力“三关过”
一、Ⅰ.bacteria; heritable; identical; species; cell; immunity;
obesity; organ; vaccine; virus
Ⅱ.1.do some research 2.be amazed at 3.be capable of
4．as well 5.warm up 6.in extreme conditions
7．watch gymnastics competitions 8.find out 9.on one's own
10．feel tired 11.使参与 12.找到疾病的治疗方法
13．做特殊的呼吸练习 14.进行研究 15.寻求办法
16．训练实验参与者 17.做决定
二、1～4 ACBC
三、1.who use their minds for the betterment of mankind
2．what the human mind and body are capable of
3．After they'd been doing the breathing exercises for about twenty minutes
4．When the participants started to feel tired
5．what you're saying
强化训练“在平时”
一、1～5 CCABA 6～10 CABAB
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
M: Hello! I think I have the flu.I feel awful.①I'd like to see a doctor.
W: ①Could you come in tomorrow afternoon at 1：00
M: OK, see you tomorrow.
W: And remember to take your ID card and insurance card with you.
(Text 2)
W: What seems to be the problem
M: My throat hurts and I can't stop coughing.
W: ②It sounds like you've caught a cold.You should stay home and rest.Make sure you drink plenty of water.
(Text 3)
M: What's wrong, Ruth
W: I've got another doctor's appointment today at a quarter past two.③Last week I left at ten to two but I got there late.So I am wondering if I can leave ten minutes earlier today.
(Text 4)
M: ④Well, your blood pressure seems to be fine, and your blood sugar is at a normal level.Have you been going to the gym often
W: Yes. I have my own personal trainer, and she is very helpful.Actually, we've become very good friends.
(Text 5)
M: Hello! I want to make an appointment with Dr Williams.
W: OK.⑤Dr Williams has two free times today, 11：15 a．m. and 1：45 p．m.Which one do you prefer
M: ⑤My daughter is sick, so the earlier, the better.
(Text 6)
M: Are you still taking vitamins like the doctor told you to I started taking some vitamin D and C recently.They are good for keeping colds away.
W: ⑥I was taking some medication and vitamin B, E and K．But I stopped last week.
M: Why would you do that
W: They made my stomach hurt.I always felt sick afterwards.I wouldn't want to exercise and I felt like it made me less healthy.
M: ⑦Were you eating before you took the vitamins The doctor definitely told you to do that.
W: ⑦Oh, maybe that's the problem.I never eat breakfast.
(Text 7)
M: You look pale, Stephanie! What's wrong
W: I don't feel good.I have a bad headache.In fact, I haven't got much sleep this past week, and I feel really tired.
M: Why don't you go to see a doctor
W: Yeah, I think I should.⑧⑨But I have a report to do tomorrow.Ms Jenkins needs it for the board meeting next Monday.
M: ⑨Well, it's Wednesday today.⑩Why don't you talk to Ms Jenkins and ask if you can hand it in on Friday morning
W: Maybe I should try.I guess I just need a good sleep.Thanks, George.
M: If you need any help for the report, just let me know.
二、1～5 BCFGA
NO.2 学新知
1．③capability ④to understand; beyond
⑤the capability to catch food
⑥capable of communicating
2．③paying ④to ⑤justifies making ⑥justify yourself to me
3．③from ④inference ⑤by ⑥inferred from what she said ⑦What inference can you make
4．③is calculated ④calculation ⑤It is calculated that
5．③with ④participant ⑤participation
⑥participated in the music festival
⑦active participation in the programme
7．①what happened to ②what my father has taught me
③what they were saying
NO.3 习文化
参考答案：It is often said that the body is the capital of revolution.Only a healthy body can work better.As a medical worker, I should start from myself first, and then actively publicize the importance of health, so as to make my own contribution to keeping people healthy.(共106张PPT)
UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY
北师英语选择性必修第三册
把握单元素养目标
主题 意识 本单元主要围绕人体生物学展开。通过了解克隆技术以及传染性疾病的历史、分类及特点等内容，拓宽对克隆技术、传染性疾病以及传统医学的认知范围，掌握并有效宣传传染性疾病的预防措施，正确认识和面对生活中出现的一些与健康有关的疾病，学会一些医学预防常识，从而健康地生活。
语法 项目 能够理解并正确运用完成时态以及短语动词。
续表
语言 输入 听 听懂关于人体各个系统的功能的文章；了解正式谈话与非正式谈话，把握具体信息。
读 能够读懂人体生物学主题的说明性文本，理解其文体特征及语言特点，获取有效信息，分析作者的观点态度。
看 观看关于动物实验的视频，了解人们对此类行为的不同观点。
语言 输出 写 掌握有关流行病的概要写作的结构和语言特点，并能够概述段落大意。
说 掌握表达寻求建议及给出建议的日常交际用语，并学以致用。
Section 1 Topic Talk
课时目标
1.听懂关于人体生物学的文本，获取具体信息。
2.运用所学词汇和表达方式，写一篇介绍人的身体或大脑功能的小短文。
3.谈论人体与健康之间的关系。
目 录
NO.1 练听说 / 耳熟能详需要“多磨耳”
NO.2 学新知 / 点滴积累充盈“语料库”
NO.3 习文化 / 品悟名家名言“励心志”
课时检测
练听说 / 耳熟能详需要“多磨耳”
NO.1
教材听力“三关过”
一、过词汇关
Ⅰ.词汇联想
Discuss it with your partner and write out some words which can be related to human biology.
Ⅱ.词块互译
1．做一些研究 _____________________
2．对……感到惊讶 _____________________
3．能够 _____________________
4．也，而且 _____________________
5．使暖和；变暖和 _____________________
6．在极端条件下 _____________________
do some research
be amazed at
be capable of
as well
warm up
in extreme conditions
7．看体操比赛 ___________________________
8．发现 ___________________________
9．独自 ___________________________
10．感到疲劳 ___________________________
11．(be) involved in ___________________________
12．find cures for diseases ___________________________
watch gymnastics competitions
find out
on one's own
feel tired
使参与
找到疾病的治疗方法
13．do special breathing exercises __________________
14．conduct research __________________
15．look for ways __________________
16．train the experiment's participants __________________
17．make decisions __________________
做特殊的呼吸练习
进行研究
寻求办法
训练实验参与者
做决定
二、过泛听关——听教材录音选最佳答案
听听力文本9.1，回答第1、2题。
1．What program has Gina just been watching on TV
A．Athletics.
B．TV plays.
C．Entertainment programs.
√
2．Why does Bob think the human mind is amazing
A．Able to memorise facts.
B．Capable of making decisions.
C．Both A and B.
√
听听力文本9.2，回答第3、4题。
3．What may be the relationship between the two speakers
A．Employer and employee.
B．Interviewer and host.
C．Teacher and student.
√
4．What is the theme of Dr.Millhouse's research
A．How the athletes train their bodies.
B．How people can control their emotion.
C．How the human body reacts in extreme conditions.
√
三、过精听关——依据教材听力完成句子
由听力文本9.1，完成句子。
1．I really admire people _____________________________________
_________.
2．Isn't it amazing __________________________________________
who use their minds for the betterment of
mankind
what the human mind and body are capable of
由听力文本9.2，完成句子。
3．____________________________________________________
______________, we noticed something very interesting.
4．____________________________________, they stopped doing the exercises properly.
5．So __________________ is that people are able to control how hot or cold their bodies are
After they'd been doing the breathing exercises for about
twenty minutes
When the participants started to feel tired
what you're saying
强化训练“在平时”
一、听力仿真训练
听下面5段对话，回答第1至5题。
1．Why is the man talking to the woman
A．To take out insurance.
B．To describe his illness.
C．To make an appointment.
√
2．What is the woman doing
A．Complaining.
B．Asking for help.
C．Giving advice.
√
3．When does the woman want to leave
A．At 1：40. B．At 1：50. C．At 2：15.
4．Who is the woman probably speaking to
A．Her good friend.
B．Her doctor.
C．Her personal trainer.
√
√
5．At what time will the man's daughter see a doctor
A．At 11：15 a．m.
B．At 1：45 p．m.
C．At 1：50 p．m.
√
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Which did the woman take
A．Vitamin C. B．Vitamin D. C．Vitamin E.
7．What will the woman probably do next
A．Eat before taking the vitamins.
B．Eat a balanced meal.
C．Tell different vitamins apart.
√
√
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Where are the speakers
A．In a hospital.
B．In the office.
C．At home.
√
9．When is the report due
A．Thursday. B．Friday. C．Next Monday.
10．What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report
A．Improve it.
B．Hand it in later.
C．Leave it with him.
√
√
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
M: Hello! I think I have the flu.I feel awful.①I'd like to see a doctor.
W: ①Could you come in tomorrow afternoon at 1：00
M: OK, see you tomorrow.
W: And remember to take your ID card and insurance card with you.
(Text 2)
W: What seems to be the problem
M: My throat hurts and I can't stop coughing.
W: ②It sounds like you've caught a cold.You should stay home and rest.Make sure you drink plenty of water.
(Text 3)
M: What's wrong, Ruth
W: I've got another doctor's appointment today at a quarter past two.③Last week I left at ten to two but I got there late.So I am wondering if I can leave ten minutes earlier today.
(Text 4)
M: ④Well, your blood pressure seems to be fine, and your blood sugar is at a normal level.Have you been going to the gym often
W: Yes. I have my own personal trainer, and she is very helpful.Actually, we've become very good friends.
(Text 5)
M: Hello! I want to make an appointment with Dr Williams.
W: OK.⑤Dr Williams has two free times today, 11：15 a．m. and 1：45 p．m.Which one do you prefer
M: ⑤My daughter is sick, so the earlier, the better.
(Text 6)
M: Are you still taking vitamins like the doctor told you to I started taking some vitamin D and C recently.They are good for keeping colds away.
W: ⑥I was taking some medication and vitamin B, E and K．But I stopped last week.
M: Why would you do that
W: They made my stomach hurt.I always felt sick afterwards.I wouldn't want to exercise and I felt like it made me less healthy.
M: ⑦Were you eating before you took the vitamins The doctor definitely told you to do that.
W: ⑦Oh, maybe that's the problem.I never eat breakfast.
(Text 7)
M: You look pale, Stephanie! What's wrong
W: I don't feel good.I have a bad headache.In fact, I haven't got much sleep this past week, and I feel really tired.
M: Why don't you go to see a doctor
W: Yeah, I think I should.⑧⑨But I have a report to do tomorrow. Ms Jenkins needs it for the board meeting next Monday.
M: ⑨Well, it's Wednesday today.⑩Why don't you talk to Ms Jenkins and ask if you can hand it in on Friday morning
W: Maybe I should try.I guess I just need a good sleep.Thanks, George.
M: If you need any help for the report, just let me know.
二、口语交际训练
根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余的。
W: So you haven't been feeling very well recently.Is that right
M: Yeah.It's my leg, Doctor, my right leg. 1
W: How would you describe the pain
M: It's like boiling water running down my leg. 2 I've been losing sleep, and actually I had to put off an important appointment this morning because of the pain.
W: 3
M: Yes, that's right.Do you think it's serious, Doctor？ 4
W: Well, without doing some tests, I can't be sure whether medicine would help or not.
M: My usual doctor thinks it's only because I have been working too hard.
W: 5 Don't worry.We'll do a few tests here and see what we find.
M: OK, thank you.Do you mind if I ask how long the tests might take？I have an important meeting at 2：00 p．m. and then a business dinner at 7：00 p．m.
A．That could be the reason.
B．I keep having this strange pain.
C．It's been getting worse recently.
D．I have been working too hard.
E．Why don't you go to see a doctor
F．So the pain has been keeping you awake
G．Do you have any medicine that might help
答案：1～5 BCFGA
学新知 / 点滴积累充盈“语料库”
NO.2
1．★capability n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能
[用法感知]
①(“通知”类佳句)Any student who possesses that unusual capability to convey feeling, insight, and passion through art can sign for the competition.
凡是拥有通过艺术传达情感、洞察力和激情等非凡能力的学生都可以报名参加比赛。
②You'll never know what you're capable of unless you give it a try.
不尝试一下，你永远不知道自己的能力。
[归纳点拨]
(1)have the capability to do/of doing sth. 有做某事的能力
beyond/within the capability 在能力范围之外/内
(2)capable adj. 有能力的；有才干的；有资格的
be capable of 能够
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Considering his _________ (capable) in dealing with all kinds of people, he was appointed chairman of the committee.
④The boy has no capability _____________ (understand) the fiction. That is, it is _______ his capability.
capability
to understand
beyond
⑤Animals in the zoo have lost ________________________ for themselves.
动物园的动物已经丧失自己捕食的能力。
⑥I am fluent in English and ________________________ with English speakers freely.
我能流利地讲英语，能和说英语的人自由交流。
the capability to catch food
capable of communicating
2．★justify vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护
[用法感知]
①Her success justified the faith her teachers had put in her.
她的成功证明了老师对她有信心是正确的。
②He has a strong desire to justify himself.
他迫切想为自己辩护。
[归纳点拨]
justify doing sth. 为做某事辩解；是……的正当理由
justify sth./oneself to sb. 对某人解释某事/为自己辩解
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③How can they justify ______ (pay) such huge salaries
④The general manager has been asked to justify the decision ___ the staff.
paying
to
⑤Nothing ________________ such a mistake.
什么都不能成为犯此错误的正当理由。
⑥You don't need to ___________________.
你不必向我解释你的理由。
justifies making
justify yourself to me
3．★infer vt.推断，推定
[用法感知]
①(“语言学习”主题佳句)When you read, the meaning of most words needs to be inferred from the context.
当你阅读时，大部分单词的含义需要从上下文中推断。
②Researchers have recently made an inference that motor vehicle use in urban areas has already reached its peak and will decline.
研究人员最近做出推断，城市地区的机动车使用已经达到顶峰，将会下降。
[归纳点拨]
(1)infer sth.(from sth.) (从某事中)推断某事
infer that ... 推断；推论；推理
(2)inference n. 推理；推论；推断
draw/make inferences from 根据……推论出结果
by inference 由此推断
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③I inferred _____ the article that the pilot was responsible for the accident.
④The clear _________ (infer) is that the universe is expanding.
⑤It had an extremely tiny head and, ___ inference, a tiny brain.
from
inference
by
⑥I _________________________ that you have not been well.
我从她的话里推断出你身体一直不大好。
⑦__________________________ from this evidence in this article
基于这篇文章的论据，你能得出什么样的推断？
inferred from what she said
What inference can you make
4．★calculate vt.计算，核算
[用法感知]
①(“细节描写”佳句)When leaving the cashier desk, she calculated she had saved 80 cents today.
离开收银台时，她算了算，今天省了80美分。
②(“人物描写”佳句)Though he is young, he has a sharp mind to do difficult mathematics calculations.
虽然他年纪小，但他有敏锐的头脑来做复杂的数学计算。
[归纳点拨]
(1)calculate that ... 算出……
It is calculated that ... 据估算……
be calculated to do sth. 打算做某事
(2)calculator n. 计算器
(3)calculation n. 计算
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Benefit ____________ (calculate) on the basis of average weekly earnings.
④Let's make a check on his ___________ (calculate)．
⑤__________________ this trip to the historic sites will cost us $1,000.
据估算，这次去历史遗址的旅行要花掉我们1 000美元。
is calculated
calculation
It is calculated that
5．★participant n．参加者，参与者
[用法感知]
①(“活动介绍”佳句)The purpose of this activity is to offer participants a chance to experience life in the wild and help them to learn some basic wildness survival skills.
活动目的是为参与者提供一个体验野外生活的机会，帮助他们学习一些基本的野外生存技能。
②(“活动介绍”佳句)I participated in The Robot Design Competition held by our school last week.
上周我参加了学校举办的机器人设计比赛。
[归纳点拨]
(1)participate vi. 参与，参加；分享
participate in 参加
participate with sb.in sth. 与某人分担某事
(2)participation n. 参与，参加
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③I'd like to participate _____ you in sufferings.
④He has been an active __________ (participate) in the discussion.
⑤A back injury prevented active _____________ (participate) in any sports for a while.
with
participant
participation
⑥Many talented students as well as music teachers ____________
__________________.
许多有天赋的学生和音乐老师都参加了这个音乐节。
⑦We are looking forward to your support and __________
____________________________.
我们期待您支持并积极参与该项目。
participated
in the music festival
active
participation in the programme
6．After they'd been doing the breathing exercises for about twenty minutes, we noticed something very interesting.
在他们做了大约20分钟的呼吸练习后，我们注意到一些非常有趣的事情。
感知将学语法——过去完成进行时
句中had been doing为过去完成进行时。
①When I moved into the new house, I felt the happy life I had been dreaming of came at last.
当我搬进新家时，我感到我一直梦想的幸福生活终于到来了。
②I had been working on maths for the whole afternoon and the numbers swam before my eyes.
一整个下午我都在做数学题，所以我眼前全是数字。
7．Isn't it amazing what the human mind and body are capable of
人类大脑和身体的能力难道不是很惊人吗？
巩固已学语法——名词性从句
本句为what引导的名词性从句。
[应用融会] (完成句子)
①After that, __________________ the Amber room remains a mystery.
从那以后，琥珀屋发生了什么仍然是个谜。
what happened to
②This is ____________________________ — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
这是我父亲教我的——永远面对困难，并抱最大的希望。
③I heard voices, but couldn't make out ____________________.
我能听到声音，却听不清他们在说什么。
what my father has taught me
what they were saying
习文化 / 品悟名家名言“励心志”
NO.3
培育“文化意识”
名言1 People's health is a key indicator of a prosperous nation and a strong country.
—Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China
意义 人民健康是民族昌盛和国家富强的重要标志。——中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会报告
深意 解读 People's health is the cornerstone of national development. Only by ensuring the good health of the people can we ensure the smooth progress of various undertakings of the country.
续表
名言2 A person's life is limited but serving the people is limitless. I want to devote my limited life to serving the people limitlessly. —Lei Feng
意义 人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命投入到无限的为人民服务之中去。——雷锋
深意 解读 Life is precious.It is only once for each person.How to spend this limited life？Serve the people！
[拓展阅读]
Lei Feng (1940－1962), a soldier in the Chinese People's Liberation Army who was honoured as a role model and dedicated worker on many occasions.Lei Feng's greatest influence on later generations is the spirit of Lei Feng named after him.In the final analysis, Lei Feng's spirit is the spirit of serving the people wholeheartedly.Lei Feng's spirit influences the Chinese people from generation to generation.
雷锋(1940－1962)，中国人民解放军战士，曾多次被誉为模范和敬业的工作者。雷锋对后世影响最大的是以其名字命名的雷锋精神。雷锋精神归根结底就是全心全意为人民服务的精神。雷锋精神影响了后来一代又一代的中国人。
名言3 The human body is the best picture of the human soul.
—Ludwig Wittgenstein
意义 人的身体是人类灵魂的最好写照。——路德维希·维特根斯坦
深意 解读 If a person wants to show his ability well, he needs to have a healthy body, because only in this way can he show his ability better.
[拓展阅读]
Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889－1951), an Austrian-born British philosopher and logician.
路德维希·维特根斯坦(1889－1951)，奥地利裔英国哲学家和逻辑学家。
名言4 Every human brain is different — the brain makes each human unique and defines who he or she is.— Stanley B．Prusiner
意义 每个人的大脑都是不同的——大脑使每个人独一无二，并定义了他或她是谁。——斯坦利·B·普鲁西纳
深意 解读 Differences in the brain, that is, in the way one thinks, are the main criteria that distinguish one person from another.
[拓展阅读]
Stanley B．Prusiner (born in 1942), an American neurologist and biochemist.
斯坦利·B·普鲁西纳(生于1942年)，美国神经学家和生化学家。
参与“交流探讨”
参考答案：It is often said that the body is the capital of revolution. Only a healthy body can work better.As a medical worker, I should start from myself first, and then actively publicize the importance of health, so as to make my own contribution to keeping people healthy.
课时检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He's known to be an outstanding _________ (physics)．
2．His research is for the __________ (better) of mankind.
3．The study offered ____________ (participate) the opportunity to play two kinds of games.
physicist
betterment
participants
4．By my ___________ (calculate), we made a profit of ￡20,000 last year.
5．Actually, when I think about the Olympics, I like all the ________ (athlete) events.
6．Can you justify your rude behavior __ me
calculation
athletics
to
7．The customer made it clear that if we couldn't develop this _________ (capable), they'd be less confident in our product.
8．We must promote originality, inspire creativity and encourage __________ (innovate)．
capability
innovation
Ⅱ.选词填空
look for， warm up， be capable of， find out， first of all
1．A month later, Mrs Lester _________ what had happened.
2．They _______ foods that are low in calories.
3．You must _________ before you play football.
4．__________, we have a wide range of language courses.
5．A qualified teacher ____________ anticipating students' needs and concerns.
found out
look for
warm up
First of all
is capable of
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．A study shows the students ____________________________________ are happier than those who are not.
一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。
2．A ship in the harbor is safe, but that's not _____________________.
停在港口里的船是安全的，但这并不是造船的目的。
who are engaged in after-school activities
what ships are built for
3．Nobody knew what they ___________________________.
没有人知道他们这些年都在干什么。
4．If your child is interested, encourage him to ________________
___________________.
如果你的孩子感兴趣，鼓励他参与社区活动。
had been doing all these years
get involved in the
community activities
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When Arvin Kuipers, who graduated from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine in 2017 and loves Chinese culture, asks his patients to stick out their tongue so he can diagnose (诊断) their illness, many are confused.
Kuipers, 30, practicing Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Amsterdam in the Netherlands, said, “In TCM I need to do face and tongue diagnosis.That's strange for people in my country.” One elderly woman had been visiting him occasionally for advice, but her first experience with TCM surprised her.She had never experienced acupuncture (针灸) or any other TCM treatment.“She came in,
and I examined her face and tongue，” said Kuipers.“I told the patient her kidneys were not doing well and that she wasn't getting proper sleep.” The woman was shocked by his insight and asked if he had been spying on her.“Actually, it was easy to diagnose her condition when I saw the dark rings under her eyes.Her energy levels were also very low at the time.”
Kuipers opened his TCM clinic in September.Most of his work involves performing acupuncture, cupping as well as tuina — a TCM massage that patients in the West like the most, he said.In some cases, he also gave his patients traditional herbal medicines.
Kuipers usually makes a cup of Chinese tea to calm his patients if they are nervous about the acupuncture needles.He also explains to them the meridian (经络) system, which is a central concept of TCM, yin and yang, and other concepts.“In TCM, good health requires balanced yin and yang, so practitioners not only pay attention to a patient's illness, but also to his or her overall physical condition，” said Kuipers.“TCM is also a different culture and offers a new perspective, instead of being a curing method.”
As of early April, Kuipers has treated more than 200 patients, many of whom come to his clinic every week.“TCM does work, and works well.My patients really feel better with it, so I value it, and when my patients feel better I also feel better.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了毕业于北京中医药大学的Arvin Kuipers在荷兰阿姆斯特丹开设中医诊所行医的故事。
1．What can we learn from the elderly woman's story in Paragraph 2
A．The elderly woman trusted TCM treatment in the beginning.
B．TCM is very different from the treatment in her country.
C．The elderly woman used to visit Kuipers a lot for TCM.
D．The elderly woman was shocked at her kidneys not doing well.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“One elderly woman had been visiting him ... or any other TCM treatment.”可知，中医与老妇人所在国家的治疗方法是非常不同的。
2．Which TCM treatment is most welcomed by the patients in the West
A．Tuina. B．Acupuncture.
C．Cupping. D．Herbal medicines.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘Most of his work involves performing acupuncture, cupping as well as tuina — a TCM massage that patients in the West like the most，’ he said.”可知，最受西方人欢迎的疗法是推拿。
√
3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Why Kuipers' patients are fond of Chinese tea.
B．How Kuipers explains meridian system to his patients.
C．How Kuipers applies Chinese culture and treatments to patients.
D．Why Kuipers pays little attention to overall physical condition.
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段主要介绍了Kuipers在治疗病人时应用了中国文化。
√
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A．To praise Kuipers for his TCM treatments.
B．To stress the value of teaching foreigners TCM.
C．To show the popularity of TCM with patients in the Netherlands.
D．To tell the story of Kuipers practising TCM in the Netherlands.
解析：写作目的题。通读全文可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是讲述Kuipers在荷兰实践中医的故事。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
The time of day and length of time you nap (打盹儿) can provide benefits or create problems.Knowing when to nap and providing yourself with a suitable napping environment will produce the greatest benefits. 5 Take a nap if you're experiencing new tiredness, if you're about to experience sleep loss, such as a long travel day or workday or if you want to make naps a part of your daily routine.Here are four tips to make your naps more effective：
Set aside a certain amount of time.If you wake up feeling groggy (昏沉) after a nap, you're sleeping too long. 6
Plan to take naps in the afternoon. 7 This is because you're likely to experience a lower level of sleepiness following lunch.You're also more likely to avoid interference (打扰) with night-time sleep if you nap around this time.However, some people may adjust their napping time to fit their work or school schedules.
Create a quiet environment.Some people struggle to sleep during the day, but there are measures you can take to help become more relaxed.Turning off any screens, such as your phone, will make you avoid interference. 8 Adjusting the room temperature to what is comfortable for you also can make your space more comfortable.
9 Allowing yourself enough time to wake up before continuing activities after your nap is important, as you may feel groggy.
A．Give yourself time to wake up.
B．The best time to nap is around 2：00 p．m.or 3：00 p．m.
C．A physical exam or sleep study may be necessary.
D．Talk with your health care team if you nap too much.
E．The proper nap length is between 15 and 30 minutes.
F．Find a quiet space with little light to improve your naps.
G．There are certain times when a nap may be more beneficial to your health.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个让你的小睡更有效率的小窍门。
5．选G 上文“Knowing when to nap and providing yourself with a suitable napping environment will produce the greatest benefits.”指出小睡对你有好处，空处应承接上文，继续描述小睡的好处，故G项“有些时候，小睡可能对你的健康更有益”符合语境。
6．选E 上文“If you wake up feeling groggy after a nap, you're sleeping too long.”指出小睡的时间太久会让你感到头昏眼花，所以小睡时间不要太长；空处承接上文，介绍合适的小睡时间，故E项“适当的小睡时间在15到30分钟之间”符合语境。
7．选B 上文“Plan to take naps in the afternoon.”是本段主题句，由此可知，本段主要介绍了小睡最好在下午，故B项“小睡的最佳时间是下午2点或3点左右”符合语境，具体介绍了下午小睡的时间。
8．选F 根据本段首句“Create a quiet environment.”和上文“Turning off any screens, such as your phone, will make you avoid interference.”可知，要找一个安静、避免干扰的地方小睡，故F项“找一个安静、光线昏暗的地方来改善你的小睡”符合语境。
9．选A 根据下文“Allowing yourself enough time to wake up before continuing activities after your nap is important, as you may feel groggy.”可知，在小睡后要给自己足够的时间来清醒，故A项“给自己一点时间醒来”符合语境。1 / 3
UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY
UNIT 9 课时检测(一) Topic Talk
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He's known to be an outstanding ____________ (physics)．
2．His research is for the ____________ (better) of mankind.
3．The study offered ____________ (participate) the opportunity to play two kinds of games.
4．By my ____________ (calculate), we made a profit of ￡20,000 last year.
5．Actually, when I think about the Olympics, I like all the ____________ (athlete) events.
6．Can you justify your rude behavior ________ me
7．The customer made it clear that if we couldn't develop this ____________ (capable), they'd be less confident in our product.
8．We must promote originality, inspire creativity and encourage ____________ (innovate)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
look for, warm up, be capable of, find out, first of all
1．A month later, Mrs Lester ________________ what had happened.
2．They ________________ foods that are low in calories.
3．You must ________________ before you play football.
4．________________， we have a wide range of language courses.
5．A qualified teacher ________________ anticipating students' needs and concerns.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．A study shows the students __________________________________________ are happier than those who are not.
一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。
2．A ship in the harbor is safe, but that's not ______________________________.
停在港口里的船是安全的，但这并不是造船的目的。
3．Nobody knew what they _______________________________________________
没有人知道他们这些年都在干什么。
4．If your child is interested, encourage him to ____________________________________.
如果你的孩子感兴趣，鼓励他参与社区活动。
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When Arvin Kuipers, who graduated from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine in 2017 and loves Chinese culture, asks his patients to stick out their tongue so he can diagnose (诊断) their illness, many are confused.
Kuipers, 30, practicing Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Amsterdam in the Netherlands, said, “In TCM I need to do face and tongue diagnosis.That's strange for people in my country.” One elderly woman had been visiting him occasionally for advice, but her first experience with TCM surprised her.She had never experienced acupuncture (针灸) or any other TCM treatment.“She came in, and I examined her face and tongue，” said Kuipers.“I told the patient her kidneys were not doing well and that she wasn't getting proper sleep.” The woman was shocked by his insight and asked if he had been spying on her.“Actually, it was easy to diagnose her condition when I saw the dark rings under her eyes.Her energy levels were also very low at the time.”
Kuipers opened his TCM clinic in September.Most of his work involves performing acupuncture, cupping as well as tuina — a TCM massage that patients in the West like the most, he said.In some cases, he also gave his patients traditional herbal medicines.
Kuipers usually makes a cup of Chinese tea to calm his patients if they are nervous about the acupuncture needles.He also explains to them the meridian (经络) system, which is a central concept of TCM, yin and yang, and other concepts.“In TCM, good health requires balanced yin and yang, so practitioners not only pay attention to a patient's illness, but also to his or her overall physical condition，” said Kuipers.“TCM is also a different culture and offers a new perspective, instead of being a curing method.”
As of early April, Kuipers has treated more than 200 patients, many of whom come to his clinic every week.“TCM does work, and works well.My patients really feel better with it, so I value it, and when my patients feel better I also feel better.”
1．What can we learn from the elderly woman's story in Paragraph 2
A．The elderly woman trusted TCM treatment in the beginning.
B．TCM is very different from the treatment in her country.
C．The elderly woman used to visit Kuipers a lot for TCM.
D．The elderly woman was shocked at her kidneys not doing well.
2．Which TCM treatment is most welcomed by the patients in the West
A．Tuina. B．Acupuncture.
C．Cupping. D．Herbal medicines.
3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Why Kuipers' patients are fond of Chinese tea.
B．How Kuipers explains meridian system to his patients.
C．How Kuipers applies Chinese culture and treatments to patients.
D．Why Kuipers pays little attention to overall physical condition.
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A．To praise Kuipers for his TCM treatments.
B．To stress the value of teaching foreigners TCM.
C．To show the popularity of TCM with patients in the Netherlands.
D．To tell the story of Kuipers practising TCM in the Netherlands.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
The time of day and length of time you nap (打盹儿) can provide benefits or create problems.Knowing when to nap and providing yourself with a suitable napping environment will produce the greatest benefits.__5__ Take a nap if you're experiencing new tiredness, if you're about to experience sleep loss, such as a long travel day or workday or if you want to make naps a part of your daily routine.Here are four tips to make your naps more effective：
Set aside a certain amount of time.If you wake up feeling groggy (昏沉) after a nap, you're sleeping too long.__6__
Plan to take naps in the afternoon. __7__ This is because you're likely to experience a lower level of sleepiness following lunch.You're also more likely to avoid interference (打扰) with night time sleep if you nap around this time.However, some people may adjust their napping time to fit their work or school schedules.
Create a quiet environment.Some people struggle to sleep during the day, but there are measures you can take to help become more relaxed.Turning off any screens, such as your phone, will make you avoid interference. __8__ Adjusting the room temperature to what is comfortable for you also can make your space more comfortable.
__9__ Allowing yourself enough time to wake up before continuing activities after your nap is important, as you may feel groggy.
A．Give yourself time to wake up.
B．The best time to nap is around 2：00 p．m.or 3：00 p．m.
C．A physical exam or sleep study may be necessary.
D．Talk with your health care team if you nap too much.
E．The proper nap length is between 15 and 30 minutes.
F．Find a quiet space with little light to improve your naps.
G．There are certain times when a nap may be more beneficial to your health.
UNIT 9 课时检测(一)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.physicist 2.betterment 3.participants 4.calculation 5.athletics 6.to 7.capability 8.innovation
Ⅱ.1.found out 2.look for 3.warm up 4.First of all
5．is capable of
Ⅲ.1.who are engaged in after school activities
2．what ships are built for 3.had been doing all these years
4．get involved in the community activities
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了毕业于北京中医药大学的Arvin Kuipers在荷兰阿姆斯特丹开设中医诊所行医的故事。
1．选B 推理判断题。根据第二段中“One elderly woman had been visiting him ... or any other TCM treatment.”可知，中医与老妇人所在国家的治疗方法是非常不同的。
2．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘Most of his work involves performing acupuncture, cupping as well as tuina — a TCM massage that patients in the West like the most，’ he said.”可知，最受西方人欢迎的疗法是推拿。
3．选C 段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段主要介绍了Kuipers在治疗病人时应用了中国文化。
4．选D 写作目的题。通读全文可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是讲述Kuipers在荷兰实践中医的故事。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个让你的小睡更有效率的小窍门。
5．选G 上文“Knowing when to nap and providing yourself with a suitable napping environment will produce the greatest benefits.”指出小睡对你有好处，空处应承接上文，继续描述小睡的好处，故G项“有些时候，小睡可能对你的健康更有益”符合语境。
6．选E 上文“If you wake up feeling groggy after a nap, you're sleeping too long.”指出小睡的时间太久会让你感到头昏眼花，所以小睡时间不要太长；空处承接上文，介绍合适的小睡时间，故E项“适当的小睡时间在15到30分钟之间”符合语境。
7．选B 上文“Plan to take naps in the afternoon.”是本段主题句，由此可知，本段主要介绍了小睡最好在下午，故B项“小睡的最佳时间是下午2点或3点左右”符合语境，具体介绍了下午小睡的时间。
8．选F 根据本段首句“Create a quiet environment.”和上文“Turning off any screens, such as your phone, will make you avoid interference.”可知，要找一个安静、避免干扰的地方小睡，故F项“找一个安静、光线昏暗的地方来改善你的小睡”符合语境。
9．选A 根据下文“Allowing yourself enough time to wake up before continuing activities after your nap is important, as you may feel groggy.”可知，在小睡后要给自己足够的时间来清醒，故A项“给自己一点时间醒来”符合语境。
