Section 7 “Stephen Hawking”的新知学习环节
课时目标 1.学习并掌握重点语言知识，包括单词、短语及句式等。 2.掌握介词短语的用法，并学会在具体语境中运用。
新学词汇·归类记清
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．relativistic cosmology 相对论_____________
2．a grand design _______________设计
3．Newton's law of gravity牛顿万有________定律
二、重点单词——写其形
1．________ the challenges 克服挑战
2．________ in popularity 受欢迎度下降
3．an added ________ 一份额外的奖金
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
四、拓展构词——明其规
1．theoretical： ical形容词后缀
[依“规”串记]
①practical 实际的
②philosophical 具有哲学意味的
③astronomical 天文学的
④classical 古典的
2．influential： ial形容词后缀
[依“规”串记]
①facial 面部的
②partial 部分的
③commercial 商业的
五、高级词块——通其用
1．________________ 虽然；不顾；
尽管……(仍……)
2．________________ 在……岁
3．________________ 而不是
4．________________ 结果
5．________________ 若干，一些；许多
6．________________ 分离；把……和……分开
7．________________ 代替
8．________________ 因为；由于
9．________________ 导致；通向
10．________________ 寻找
11．________________ 仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访；改善
重点词汇·深化学习
1．Hawking was famous, not just for his brilliant work in theoretical physics and cosmology, but also for overcoming the challenges of ALS (a disease that affects muscle control)．
霍金不仅因在理论物理学和宇宙学方面的杰出研究而著名，更是因克服了肌萎缩侧索硬化症(一种影响肌肉控制的疾病)的挑战而令人敬佩。
★overcome vt.克服(困难)，控制(感情)；征服，战胜
[用法感知]
①(“学习生活”主题佳句)Because we are confident about ourselves, we will overcome any difficulty in our studies. 因为我们对自己有信心，所以我们会克服学习中的任何困难。
②(“心理描写”佳句)When I saw what was in the bag, I was overcome with a mixture of respect and gratefulness. 当我看到包里的东西时，我心里充满了敬意和感激。
[归纳点拨]
be overcome by sth. ……使某人垮掉/昏迷
be overcome with ... 因……而不能自持
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③The girl appeared to be overcome ____________ homesickness.
④He was then overcome ____________ a terrible fit of coughing.
⑤He struggled to __________________.
他努力克服羞怯。
⑥The young man ________________________ and graduated with a first class degree.
这个年轻人克服了很多困难，以一流的学位成绩毕业。
2．Although Hawking's physical abilities declined over decades, he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes.
尽管在过去几十年里霍金的身体机能不断下降，但他从未停止过研究，对黑洞有了许多新的想法。
★decline vi.& vt.减少，降低；下降；衰退；谢绝n.下降；衰退
[用法感知] (写出下列句中decline的词性和含义)
①I invited her to my wedding, but she declined my invitation.____________
②The company reported a small decline in its profits.____________
③As is known to us all, the industry in Britain has been on the decline since the 1970s.____________
归纳点拨 (1)decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事decline to 下降/减少到decline by 下降/减少了(2)a decline in/of sth. 在某方面减少/下降in decline 下降on the decline 走下坡路，在衰退中fall/go into (a) decline开始衰落，陷入衰退
名师点津 decline后接不定式作宾语，一般不接动名词；decline表示“谢绝”时，已含有“拒绝接受”之意，所以其后一般不接to accept，以免语义重复。
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④There has been a sharp decline ____________ sales this year.
⑤The number of tourists to the resort declined ____________ 10 percent last month.
⑥The company, however, now declines ________________ (comment) further on the subject.
⑦She __________________________________， saying that she didn't feel well.
她说她身体不舒服，婉拒了与朋友们一起去购物。
⑧There's a widely held belief that the rate of unemployment ________________________ in the past few years.
人们普遍认为过去几年失业率一直在下降。
3．In spite of his disease, Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man.
尽管霍金患有疾病，但他并不认为自己是个不幸的人。
★in spite of 虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……)
[用法感知]
①(“动作描写”佳句)Her voice was shaking in spite of all her efforts to control herself.
尽管她竭尽全力控制自己，她的声音仍然在颤抖。
②John still helped us warmly in spite of being quite tired after working eight hours.
尽管工作八个小时后已经很疲惫了，但约翰仍然热情地帮助我们。
③(“活动介绍”佳句)In spite of the fact that the race was occurring in the hills, I thought it would be wonderful.
尽管比赛是在山上进行的，我还是认为那会很精彩。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in spite of为介词短语，后接名词或v. ing，不能接从句，相当于despite。
(2)in spite of/despite＋n.所表达的意义相当于although/though引导的让步状语从句。
(3)regardless of意为“不管，不顾”，其后可接whether、 what引导的从句。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④In spite ____________ the noise, they went on working as if nothing were happening.
⑤He serves the public wholeheartedly, regardless ____________ his personal gain or loss.
(2)同义句转换
⑥Although we made efforts, we still lost the game.
→________________________________________________________________________, we still lost the game.
1．This hole led to another universe, completely separate from our own.
这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的宇宙完全分离。
该句中的“completely separate from our own”是形容词短语在句中作状语，用于说明主语的特征或状态，常表示伴随情况，有时也表示原因、条件、让步等。可位于句首、句末和句子中间，通常和句子的其他成分用逗号分开，但单个的形容词可以连在一起。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构(形容词作状语改写)
①I was too nervous.I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.
→________________， I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.
②I was interested in foreign literature, so I signed up for this course immediately.
→________________________，I signed up for this course immediately.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③他一直是一个勤奋的孩子，勇于挑战困难。
He is always a diligent boy, _______________________________________________.
④她只是站在那里，无法相信刚才发生的事。
She just stood there, __________________________________________________________.
2．In The Grand Design (2010, with Leonard Mlodinow), Hawking argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe.
在《宏伟设计》(2010年出版，与莱昂纳德·蒙洛迪诺合著)一书中，霍金提出我们应该用一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。
巩固已学语法——不定式作定语
不定式作定语常用来修饰抽象名词，如：way、 time、 reason、 chance、 opportunity、 need、 wish、 effort、 right、 ambition等。
[应用融会] (完成句子)
①Do you know the correct way ________________________________________________
你知道这台机器该怎么关吗？
②There is no reason ________________.
没有理由怀疑他的话。
③They have now an opportunity ___________________________________________.
他们现在有一个出国深造的机会。
语法项目—— Phrasal Prepositions
语境自主感知
1．(教材典句)At the age of 21, when Hawking spent his first year at the University of Cambridge, physicians discovered he had a rare, slow progressing form of ALS.
2．(教材典句)Instead of trying to find one big new explanation, scientists should put together all the ideas that they already have.
3．(教材典句)In spite of his disease, Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man.
4．In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.
[我的发现]
观察以上例句，你能总结出黑体短语的构成特点吗？
语法规则点拨
介词短语相当于一个介词词组，是短语性的固定介词搭配，且其搭配不可随意变更。常见结构有：介词＋名词＋介词；介词＋the＋名词＋介词；连词＋介词；连词＋ ed分词＋介词；形容词＋介词；副词＋介词等。下面列举常见结构有关的短语：
一、介词＋名词＋介词
in terms of 谈及；就……而言；在……方面
in place of 代替
in possession of 拥有，占有
in addition to 除……以外
in charge of 掌管
in spite of 尽管
in exchange for 作为交换
in favour of 支持，赞成
in case of 万一；如果；假如
in honour of 为向……表示敬意
in memory of 为了纪念
in support of 支持
with regard to 关于；至于
二、介词＋the＋名词＋介词
with the help of 在……的帮助下
for the purpose of 为了……
under the leadership/care/guidance of
在……的领导/关心/指导下
in the name of 以……名义
at the beginning of 在……开始时
at the back of 在……背后；支持
at the age of 在……岁
at the foot of 在……脚下
at the bottom of 在……底部
at the top of 在……顶上
at/on the edge of 在……边上
in the course of 在……的过程中
in the eyes of 从……的观点看来，
在……的眼里
in the face of 面对……
in the middle of 在……中间
at the cost of 以……为代价
for the benefit of 为了……的利益
三、连词＋介词
because of 因为
as for 就……而言
as to 至于
but for 要不是
四、连词＋ ed分词＋介词
as compared with 与……相比
as opposed to 而不是；与……相比
五、形容词＋介词
due to 由于
owing to 由于
previous to 在……以前
according to 根据
六、副词＋介词
instead of 而不是；代替
regardless of 无论，不管
ahead of 在前面
away from 远离
up to 一直到
next to 紧挨着
apart from 除……之外
together with 和……一起
along with 连同……一起
即时应用体验
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Our club is open to everyone regardless ________ age, sex or educational background.
2．It has no religious significance; the founders of the movement adopted it ____________ honour of Switzerland.
3．____________ the help of the captain, the sailors landed in the end and appreciated him.
4．He is selfless and he does everything for others in exchange ____________ nothing.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Advertising agencies would create a basic type of advertisement, ________________________________________________________________________
promoting and selling goods to customers.
广告代理公司会创建一种基本类型的广告，目的是向客户推销和销售商品。
2．From the activity, I learned that at present the environment is being destroyed____________________________________.
我从这次活动中了解到，由于人们的有害活动，目前环境正在被破坏。
3．There is no doubt that I can fulfil the task ________________________.
毫无疑问，我会提前完成任务。
4．______________ last year, his income of this year is lower. 与去年相比，他今年的收入少了。
Section 7 “Stephen Hawking”的新知学习环节
NO.1 积词汇
新学词汇·归类记清
一、1.宇宙学 2.宏伟的 3.引力
二、1.overcome 2.decline 3.bonus
三、1.①theoretical ②theory
2．①astronomy ②astronomer
3．①influential ②influence
五、1.in spite of 2.at the age of 3.rather than 4.as a result 5.a number of 6.separate from 7.instead of 8.because of
9．lead to 10.look for 11.look up
重点词汇·深化学习
1．③with ④by ⑤overcome his shyness
⑥overcame many difficulties
2．①vt.谢绝 ②n.下降 ③n.衰退 ④in/of ⑤by
⑥to comment ⑦declined to go shopping with her friends
⑧has been on the decline
3．④of ⑤of ⑥Despite/In spite of all our efforts
NO.2 通句式
1．①Too nervous ②Interested in foreign literature
③eager to challenge difficulties
④unable to believe what had just happened
2．①to shut the machine down ②to doubt his word
③to go abroad to study further
NO.3 学语法
即时应用体验
Ⅰ.1.of 2.in 3.With 4.for
Ⅱ.1.for the purpose of 2.because of people's harmful activities
3．ahead of schedule 4.As opposed to(共84张PPT)
Section 7 “Stephen Hawking”
的新知学习环节
[语法项目——Phrasal Prepositions]
课时目标
1.学习并掌握重点语言知识，包括单词、短语及句式等。
2.掌握介词短语的用法，并学会在具体语境中运用。
目 录
NO.1 积词汇 / 由记准到用活
NO.2 通句式 / 由规则到熟用
NO.3 学语法 / 由感性到理性
课时检测
积词汇 / 由记准到用活
NO.1
新学词汇 归类记清
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．relativistic cosmology 相对论________
2．a grand design ________设计
3．Newton's law of gravity 牛顿万有______定律
宇宙学
宏伟的
引力
二、重点单词——写其形
1．_________ the challenges 克服挑战
2．________ in popularity 受欢迎度下降
3．an added _______ 一份额外的奖金
overcome
decline
bonus
三、活用单词——悉其变
theoretical
theory
astronomy
astronomer
influential
influence
四、拓展构词——明其规
1．theoretical：-ical形容词后缀
[依“规”串记]
①practical 实际的
②philosophical 具有哲学意味的
③astronomical 天文学的
④classical 古典的
2．influential：-ial形容词后缀
[依“规”串记]
①facial 面部的
②partial 部分的
③commercial 商业的
五、高级词块——通其用
1．__________ 虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……)
2．____________ 在……岁
3．__________ 而不是
4．__________ 结果
5．____________ 若干，一些；许多
in spite of
at the age of
rather than
as a result
a number of
6．_____________ 分离；把……和……分开
7．__________ 代替
8．__________ 因为；由于
9．________ 导致；通向
10．________ 寻找
11．________ 仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访；改善
separate from
instead of
because of
lead to
look for
look up
1．Hawking was famous, not just for his brilliant work in theoretical physics and cosmology, but also for overcoming the challenges of ALS (a disease that affects muscle control)．
霍金不仅因在理论物理学和宇宙学方面的杰出研究而著名，更是因克服了肌萎缩侧索硬化症(一种影响肌肉控制的疾病)的挑战而令人敬佩。
重点词汇 深化学习
★overcome vt.克服(困难)，控制(感情)；征服，战胜
[用法感知]
①(“学习生活”主题佳句)Because we are confident about ourselves, we will overcome any difficulty in our studies.
因为我们对自己有信心，所以我们会克服学习中的任何困难。
②(“心理描写”佳句)When I saw what was in the bag, I was overcome with a mixture of respect and gratefulness.
当我看到包里的东西时，我心里充满了敬意和感激。
[归纳点拨]
be overcome by sth. ……使某人垮掉/昏迷
be overcome with ... 因……而不能自持
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③The girl appeared to be overcome _____ homesickness.
④He was then overcome ____ a terrible fit of coughing.
⑤He struggled to _______________________.
他努力克服羞怯。
with
by
overcome his shyness
⑥The young man ________________________ and graduated with a first-class degree.
这个年轻人克服了很多困难，以一流的学位成绩毕业。
overcame many difficulties
2．Although Hawking's physical abilities declined over decades, he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes.
尽管在过去几十年里霍金的身体机能不断下降，但他从未停止过研究，对黑洞有了许多新的想法。
★decline vi.& vt.减少，降低；下降；衰退；谢绝n.下降；衰退
[用法感知] (写出下列句中decline的词性和含义)
①I invited her to my wedding, but she declined my invitation.
________
②The company reported a small decline in its profits. ________
③As is known to us all, the industry in Britain has been on the decline since the 1970s. ________
vt.谢绝
n.下降
n.衰退
归纳点拨 (1)decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事
decline to 下降/减少到
decline by 下降/减少了
(2)a decline in/of sth. 在某方面减少/下降
in decline 下降
on the decline 走下坡路，在衰退中
fall/go into (a) decline 开始衰落，陷入衰退
名师点津 decline后接不定式作宾语，一般不接动名词；decline表示“谢绝”时，已含有“拒绝接受”之意，所以其后一般不接to accept，以免语义重复。
续表
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④There has been a sharp decline _______ sales this year.
⑤The number of tourists to the resort declined ___ 10 percent last month.
⑥The company, however, now declines ____________ (comment) further on the subject.
in/of
by
to comment
⑦She _____________________________________, saying that she didn't feel well.
她说她身体不舒服，婉拒了与朋友们一起去购物。
⑧There's a widely-held belief that the rate of unemployment _____________________ in the past few years.
人们普遍认为过去几年失业率一直在下降。
declined to go shopping with her friends
has been on the decline
3．In spite of his disease, Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man. 尽管霍金患有疾病，但他并不认为自己是个不幸的人。
★in spite of 虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……)
[用法感知]
①(“动作描写”佳句)Her voice was shaking in spite of all her efforts to control herself.
尽管她竭尽全力控制自己，她的声音仍然在颤抖。
②John still helped us warmly in spite of being quite tired after working eight hours.
尽管工作八个小时后已经很疲惫了，但约翰仍然热情地帮助我们。
③(“活动介绍”佳句)In spite of the fact that the race was occurring in the hills, I thought it would be wonderful.
尽管比赛是在山上进行的，我还是认为那会很精彩。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in spite of为介词短语，后接名词或v.-ing，不能接从句，相当于despite。
(2)in spite of/despite＋n.所表达的意义相当于although/though引导的让步状语从句。
(3)regardless of意为“不管，不顾”，其后可接whether、 what引导的从句。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④In spite ___ the noise, they went on working as if nothing were happening.
⑤He serves the public wholeheartedly, regardless ____ his personal gain or loss.
of
of
(2)同义句转换
⑥Although we made efforts, we still lost the game.
→______________________________, we still lost the game.
Despite/In spite of all our efforts
通句式 / 由规则到熟用
NO.2
1．This hole led to another universe, completely separate from our own.
这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的宇宙完全分离。
该句中的“completely separate from our own”是形容词短语在句中作状语，用于说明主语的特征或状态，常表示伴随情况，有时也表示原因、条件、让步等。可位于句首、句末和句子中间，通常和句子的其他成分用逗号分开，但单个的形容词可以连在一起。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构(形容词作状语改写)
①I was too nervous.I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.
→_____________, I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.
Too nervous
②I was interested in foreign literature, so I signed up for this course immediately.
→___________________________，I signed up for this course immediately.
Interested in foreign literature
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③他一直是一个勤奋的孩子，勇于挑战困难。
He is always a diligent boy, __________________________.
④她只是站在那里，无法相信刚才发生的事。
She just stood there, ______________________________________.
eager to challenge difficulties
unable to believe what had just happened
2．In The Grand Design (2010, with Leonard Mlodinow), Hawking argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe.
在《宏伟设计》(2010年出版，与莱昂纳德·蒙洛迪诺合著)一书中，霍金提出我们应该用一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。
巩固已学语法——不定式作定语
不定式作定语常用来修饰抽象名词，如：way、 time、 reason、 chance、 opportunity、 need、 wish、 effort、 right、 ambition等。
[应用融会] (完成句子)
①Do you know the correct way ________________________
你知道这台机器该怎么关吗？
②There is no reason ________________.
没有理由怀疑他的话。
③They have now an opportunity _________________________.
他们现在有一个出国深造的机会。
to shut the machine down
to doubt his word
to go abroad to study further
学语法 / 由感性到理性
NO.3
语法项目—— Phrasal Prepositions
语境自主感知
1．(教材典句)At the age of 21, when Hawking spent his first year at the University of Cambridge, physicians discovered he had a rare, slow-progressing form of ALS.
2．(教材典句)Instead of trying to find one big new explanation, scientists should put together all the ideas that they already have.
3．(教材典句)In spite of his disease, Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man.
4．In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.
[我的发现]
观察以上例句，你能总结出黑体短语的构成特点吗？
语法规则点拨
介词短语相当于一个介词词组，是短语性的固定介词搭配，且其搭配不可随意变更。常见结构有：介词＋名词＋介词；介词＋the＋名词＋介词；连词＋介词；连词＋-ed分词＋介词；形容词＋介词；副词＋介词等。下面列举常见结构有关的短语：
一、介词＋名词＋介词
in terms of 谈及；就……而言；在……方面
in place of 代替
in possession of 拥有，占有
in addition to 除……以外
in charge of 掌管
in spite of 尽管
in exchange for 作为交换
in favour of 支持，赞成
in case of 万一；如果；假如
in honour of 为向……表示敬意
in memory of 为了纪念
in support of 支持
with regard to 关于；至于
二、介词＋the＋名词＋介词
with the help of 在……的帮助下
for the purpose of 为了……
under the leadership/care/guidance of
在……的领导/关心/指导下
in the name of 以……名义
at the beginning of 在……开始时
at the back of 在……背后；支持
at the age of 在……岁
at the foot of 在……脚下
at the bottom of 在……底部
at the top of 在……顶上
at/on the edge of 在……边上
in the course of 在……的过程中
in the eyes of 从……的观点看来，在……的眼里
in the face of 面对……
in the middle of 在……中间
at the cost of 以……为代价
for the benefit of 为了……的利益
三、连词＋介词
because of 因为
as for 就……而言
as to 至于
but for 要不是
四、连词＋-ed分词＋介词
as compared with 与……相比
as opposed to 而不是；与……相比
五、形容词＋介词
due to 由于
owing to 由于
previous to 在……以前
according to 根据
六、副词＋介词
instead of 而不是；代替
regardless of 无论，不管
ahead of 在前面
away from 远离
up to 一直到
next to 紧挨着
apart from 除……之外
together with 和……一起
along with 连同……一起
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Our club is open to everyone regardless ____ age, sex or educational background.
2．It has no religious significance; the founders of the movement adopted it ___ honour of Switzerland.
即时应用体验
of
in
3．______ the help of the captain, the sailors landed in the end and appreciated him.
4．He is selfless and he does everything for others in exchange _____ nothing.
With
for
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Advertising agencies would create a basic type of advertisement, __________________ promoting and selling goods to customers.
广告代理公司会创建一种基本类型的广告，目的是向客户推销和销售商品。
for the purpose of
2．From the activity, I learned that at present the environment is being destroyed __________________________________.
我从这次活动中了解到，由于人们的有害活动，目前环境正在被破坏。
because of people's harmful activities
3．There is no doubt that I can fulfil the task ________________.
毫无疑问，我会提前完成任务。
4．_____________ last year, his income of this year is lower.
与去年相比，他今年的收入少了。
ahead of schedule
As opposed to
课时检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The country is a “second-rate power” which has been _____ decline for a century.
2．She ________ (overcome) her natural diffidence and spoke with great frankness.
in
overcame
3．The most likely ____________ (explain) is that his plane was delayed.
4．The first year provides students with a sound ____________
(theory) basis for later study.
explanation
theoretical
Ⅱ.选词填空
instead of, look for, look up, as a result, in spite of, rather than
1．___________, humans developed a range of character types that still exist today.
2．___________ doing everything for them, parents should encourage their children to become independent.
As a result
Instead of
3．I have ___________words in the dictionary and still not fully understand the meanings.
4．____________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
looked up
In spite of
5．They naturally ____________ someone else who could be responsible for the problem.
6．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite us, ____________ divide us.
look for
rather than
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．_________________________, I can't concentrate on anything.
我既尴尬又羞愧，做什么事都无法集中精力。
2．We should find _______________.
我们应该想办法解释。
3．There was a time ______________________________.
曾经有一段时间我对待在室内感到厌倦。
Embarrassed and ashamed
a way to explain
when I was tired of staying indoors
4．We regard masks as an effective tool ________________________
____________.
我们认为口罩是一种有效阻止疾病传播的工具。
5．________________________________________, I'm shocked by the photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
当在翻阅报纸的时候，我被亚洲一场飓风摧毁了一座城镇的照片震惊了。
to prevent disease from
spreading
As I am looking through the newspaper
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Stephen Hawking passed away on 14 March, 2018.He is one of the ①________ (great) physicists in history.
He was born in 1942.When he was young, he ②_______ (study) physics at the University of Oxford.At the age of 21, Hawking got a serious illness.In 1985, he had to have an operation.
greatest
studied
As ③___ result, he lost his speech.Soon his doctors developed a piece of speech-generating equipment ④____ allowed him to speak.However, as his illness became worse, he lost the use of his hands.Although Hawking's physical abilities declined over decades, he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ⑤______ (idea) about black holes.
a
that
ideas
His books, such as A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes gained ⑥__________ (popular) all over the world.In his book The Grand Design, he argued that we should look for a different way ⑦___________ (discover) the deepest secrets of the universe.Instead of ⑧_______ (try) to find one big new explanation, scientists should put together all the ideas that they already have.
popularity
to discover
trying
In spite of his disease, Hawking didn't consider ⑨________ (him) an unlucky man.And he believed it was the help he received from his family and a large number of people and organisations ⑩______ made his achievements.
himself
that
[语篇综合训练]
完形填空
Isabella Springmuhl Tejada is one of the first professional fashion designers with Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征)．
Her path to success wasn't 1 . Although she showed her 2 for design in childhood, when she would spend hours designing paper dresses for her dolls, she was 3 from several fashion schools due to her disease.
She had no 4 but to seek other ways. She 5 for a sewing course, where she was 6 to sew clothing for finger-sized traditional Guatemalan (危地马拉的) dolls, which she 7 happily. Meanwhile, she also made a(n) 8 in designing dolls, creating some life-sized dolls and dressing them in the colorful traditional embroidered jackets she's now famous for.
This design experience helped Tejada develop her own design style, 9 traditional Guatemalan patterns, colors, and materials in her culture. She also created her own brand Down To Xjabelle, 10 for people with Down Syndrome, knowing how difficult it was for people like her to find 11 clothes. The new brand 12 right away, making it all the way to London Fashion Week, proving fashion can 13 all barriers and borders.
And the 14 designer talks about her plans for the future as well, “I want to export my brand all over the world and 15 that people with Down Syndrome can do what they set out to do.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了患有唐氏综合征的设计师Isabella Springmuhl Tejada通过设立自己的品牌，专门为唐氏综合征患者服务的故事。
1．A.comfortable B．awful
C．awkward D．smooth
解析：根据后文“she was from several fashion schools due to her disease”可知，她被学校拒绝，由此可推测她的成功之路并不顺利。
√
2．A.arrangement B．talent
C．determination D．responsibility
解析：根据后文“for design in childhood, when she would spend hours designing paper dresses for her dolls”以及她设计的娃娃取得了成功可知，她有设计天赋。
√
3．A.rejected B．dismissed
C．ignored D．excused
解析：根据后文“from several fashion schools due to her disease”可知，由于她的疾病，她被几所时装学校拒绝了。
√
4．A.guidance B．aim
C．option D．right
解析：根据后文“but to seek other ways”可知，此处为短语have no option but to do sth.，表示“别无选择，只能”。
√
5．A.waited B．competed
C．prepared D．registered
解析：根据后文“for a sewing course”可知，此处指注册缝纫课程，应用register。
√
6．A.assigned B．forced
C．inspired D．persuaded
解析：根据后文“to sew clothing for finger-sized traditional Guatemalan dolls”可知，缝纫课上她被分配为手指大小的传统危地马拉娃娃缝制衣服。
√
7．A.purchased B．accepted
C．imagined D．contacted
解析：根据后文“happily”以及上文“she would spend hours designing paper dresses for her dolls”可知，她高兴地接受了这个任务。
√
8．A.discovery B．opportunity
C．innovation D．schedule
解析：根据后文“creating some life-sized dolls and dressing them in the colorful traditional embroidered jackets”可知，她制作了一些真人大小的娃娃，还给它们穿上了夹克，即进行了创新。
√
9．A.indicating B．abandoning
C．transforming D．highlighting
解析：根据后文“traditional Guatemalan patterns, colors, and materials in her culture”可知，她的设计风格突出了危地马拉文化中的传统图案、颜色和材料。
√
10．A.specially B．naturally
C．usually D．obviously
解析：根据后文“for people with Down Syndrome”可知，此处指她的品牌专门为唐氏综合征患者服务。
√
11．A.pricey B．suitable
C．Fancy D．famous
解析：根据上文“people with Down Syndrome, knowing how difficult it was for people like her to find”可知，她的品牌Down To Xjabelle专门为唐氏综合征患者服务，因为她知道像她这样的人很难找到合适的衣服。
√
12．A.paid off B．got across
C．took off D．caught up
解析：根据后文“making it all the way to London Fashion Week”可知，品牌走到了伦敦时装周，即取得了成功。pay off“奏效；获得回报”；get across“使理解”；take off“起飞；成功”；catch up“赶上”。
√
13．A.combine B．fuel
C．beautify D．overcome
解析：根据后文“all barriers and borders”以及上文品牌走到了伦敦时装周可知，此处指时尚可以克服一切障碍和边界。
√
14．A.ambitious B．enthusiastic
C．humble D．proud
解析：根据后文“her plans for the future”可知，此处指她有抱负。
√
15．A.guarantee B．assess
C．show D．conclude
解析：根据后文“that people with Down Syndrome can do what they set out to do”可知，她想通过自己的行动向唐氏综合征患者展示他们可以做他们想做的事情。
√UNIT 12 课时检测(七) “Stephen Hawking”的新知学习环节
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The country is a “second rate power” which has been ____________ decline for a century.
2．She ____________ (overcome) her natural diffidence and spoke with great frankness.
3．The most likely ____________ (explain) is that his plane was delayed.
4．The first year provides students with a sound ____________ (theory) basis for later study.
Ⅱ.选词填空
instead of, look for, look up, as a result, in spite of, rather than
1．________________， humans developed a range of character types that still exist today.
2．________________ doing everything for them, parents should encourage their children to become independent.
3．I have ________________ words in the dictionary and still not fully understand the meanings.
4．________________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
5．They naturally ________________ someone else who could be responsible for the problem.
6．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite us, ________________ divide us.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．________________________， I can't concentrate on anything.
我既尴尬又羞愧，做什么事都无法集中精力。
2．We should find _________________________________________________________.
我们应该想办法解释。
3．There was a time ______________________________________________________.
曾经有一段时间我对待在室内感到厌倦。
4．We regard masks as an effective tool ____________________________________.
我们认为口罩是一种有效阻止疾病传播的工具。
5．____________________________， I'm shocked by the photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
当在翻阅报纸的时候，我被亚洲一场飓风摧毁了一座城镇的照片震惊了。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Stephen Hawking passed away on 14 March, 2018.He is one of the ①____________ (great) physicists in history.
He was born in 1942.When he was young, he ②____________ (study) physics at the University of Oxford.At the age of 21, Hawking got a serious illness.In 1985, he had to have an operation.As ③____________ result, he lost his speech.Soon his doctors developed a piece of speech generating equipment ④____________ allowed him to speak.However, as his illness became worse, he lost the use of his hands.Although Hawking's physical abilities declined over decades, he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ⑤____________ (idea) about black holes.His books, such as A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes gained ⑥____________ (popular) all over the world.In his book The Grand Design, he argued that we should look for a different way ⑦____________ (discover) the deepest secrets of the universe.Instead of ⑧____________ (try) to find one big new explanation, scientists should put together all the ideas that they already have.
In spite of his disease, Hawking didn't consider ⑨____________ (him) an unlucky man.And he believed it was the help he received from his family and a large number of people and organisations ⑩____________ made his achievements.
[语篇综合训练]
完形填空
Isabella Springmuhl Tejada is one of the first professional fashion designers with Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征)．
Her path to success wasn't __1__. Although she showed her __2__ for design in childhood, when she would spend hours designing paper dresses for her dolls, she was__3__ from several fashion schools due to her disease. She had no __4__ but to seek other ways. She __5__ for a sewing course, where she was __6__ to sew clothing for finger sized traditional Guatemalan (危地马拉的) dolls, which she __7__ happily. Meanwhile, she also made a(n) __8__ in designing dolls, creating some life sized dolls and dressing them in the colorful traditional embroidered jackets she's now famous for.
This design experience helped Tejada develop her own design style, __9__ traditional Guatemalan patterns, colors, and materials in her culture. She also created her own brand Down To Xjabelle, __10__ for people with Down Syndrome, knowing how difficult it was for people like her to find __11__ clothes. The new brand __12__ right away, making it all the way to London Fashion Week, proving fashion can __13__ all barriers and borders.
And the __14__ designer talks about her plans for the future as well, “I want to export my brand all over the world and __15__ that people with Down Syndrome can do what they set out to do.”
1．A.comfortable B．awful
C．awkward D．smooth
2．A.arrangement B．talent
C．determination D．responsibility
3．A.rejected B．dismissed
C．ignored D．excused
4．A.guidance B．aim
C．option D．right
5．A.waited B．competed
C．prepared D．registered
6．A.assigned B．forced
C．inspired D．persuaded
7．A.purchased B．accepted
C．imagined D．contacted
8．A.discovery B．opportunity
C．innovation D．schedule
9．A.indicating B．abandoning
C．transforming D．highlighting
10．A.specially B．naturally
C．usually D．obviously
11．A.pricey B．suitable
C．fancy D．famous
12．A.paid off B．got across
C．took off D．caught up
13．A.combine B．fuel
C．beautify D．overcome
14．A.ambitious B．enthusiastic
C．humble D．proud
15．A.guarantee B．assess
C．show D．Conclude
UNIT 12 课时检测(七)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.in 2.overcame 3.explanation 4.theoretical
Ⅱ.1.As a result 2.Instead of 3.looked up 4.In spite of
5．look for 6.rather than
Ⅲ.1.Embarrassed and ashamed 2.a way to explain
3．when I was tired of staying indoors
4．to prevent disease from spreading
5．As I am looking through the newspaper
Ⅳ.①greatest ②studied ③a ④that ⑤ideas ⑥popularity
⑦to discover ⑧trying ⑨himself ⑩that
[语篇综合训练]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了患有唐氏综合征的设计师Isabella Springmuhl Tejada通过设立自己的品牌，专门为唐氏综合征患者服务的故事。
1．选D 根据后文“she was ________ from several fashion schools due to her disease”可知，她被学校拒绝，由此可推测她的成功之路并不顺利。
2．选B 根据后文“for design in childhood, when she would spend hours designing paper dresses for her dolls”以及她设计的娃娃取得了成功可知，她有设计天赋。
3．选A 根据后文“from several fashion schools due to her disease”可知，由于她的疾病，她被几所时装学校拒绝了。
4．选C 根据后文“but to seek other ways”可知，此处为短语have no option but to do sth.，表示“别无选择，只能”。
5．选D 根据后文“for a sewing course”可知，此处指注册缝纫课程，应用register。
6．选A 根据后文“to sew clothing for finger sized traditional Guatemalan dolls”可知，缝纫课上她被分配为手指大小的传统危地马拉娃娃缝制衣服。
7．选B 根据后文“happily”以及上文“she would spend hours designing paper dresses for her dolls”可知，她高兴地接受了这个任务。
8．选C 根据后文“creating some life sized dolls and dressing them in the colorful traditional embroidered jackets”可知，她制作了一些真人大小的娃娃，还给它们穿上了夹克，即进行了创新。
9．选D 根据后文“traditional Guatemalan patterns, colors, and materials in her culture”可知，她的设计风格突出了危地马拉文化中的传统图案、颜色和材料。
10．选A 根据后文“for people with Down Syndrome”可知，此处指她的品牌专门为唐氏综合征患者服务。
11．选B 根据上文“people with Down Syndrome, knowing how difficult it was for people like her to find”可知，她的品牌Down To Xjabelle专门为唐氏综合征患者服务，因为她知道像她这样的人很难找到合适的衣服。
12．选C 根据后文“making it all the way to London Fashion Week”可知，品牌走到了伦敦时装周，即取得了成功。pay off“奏效；获得回报”；get across“使理解”；take off“起飞；成功”；catch up“赶上”。
13．选D 根据后文“all barriers and borders”以及上文品牌走到了伦敦时装周可知，此处指时尚可以克服一切障碍和边界。
14．选A 根据后文“her plans for the future”可知，此处指她有抱负。
15．选C 根据后文“that people with Down Syndrome can do what they set out to do”可知，她想通过自己的行动向唐氏综合征患者展示他们可以做他们想做的事情。
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