Section 8 Writing Workshop
课时目标 1.了解范文的关键信息和结构，并归纳总结人物介绍的语言特点及基本结构。 2.运用所学知识写一篇关于发明家及其发明的短文。
With this came new types of jobs and the availability of new products at lower costs.
随之而来的是新类型的工作和更低成本的新产品。
★availability n．可能性
[用法感知]
①With the availability of modern media, conversation in which the face to face exchange of thoughts exists is disappearing.
随着现代媒体的出现，面对面交流思想的对话正在消失。
②(“邀请”类佳句)If you're available, please confirm it at your earliest convenience.
如果你有空，请尽快确认。
③(“网络学习”主题佳句)Many lessons are now available online, from which students can choose for free.
现在网上有很多课程，学生可以免费选择。
[归纳点拨]
available adj. 可用的，可获得的；有空的
be available to sb. (可)为某人所得到/利用
be available to do sth. 可以做某事
be available for 可用于……
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④This is often due to the ____________ (available) of better job opportunities and education.
⑤One of the UN goals is to ensure that clean water is available ____________ everyone.
⑥Lockers ________________________ any belongings during your visit.
在参观期间，有锁柜可用来存放你的随身物品。
⑦I am calling to ask if________________________________________. 我打电话是想问你今晚是否有时间参加我们的募捐活动。
■写作项目——Write an introduction of an inventor and his/her invention
本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于发明家及其发明的文章，属于人物传记类作文。人物介绍类作文一直是高考英语作文的一种重要题型。此类文章一般都是对所写人物的基本情况(如年龄、出生地、家庭背景、受教育程度等)作简单概述，继而再叙述其事迹或在某个领域所做出的贡献，最后再对其进行评价。
由教材学写作
一、学写作架构
阅读课文，总结该文体的框架结构如下：
二、学细节描写
介绍人物的主要事迹时一般有明显的时间线索，如本文第二段主要介绍了詹姆斯·瓦特改良蒸汽机的灵感以及后来的实验。阅读时，应抓住这些表示时间的关键信息，如：One day when he was 12 years old；As the water boiled; Later等。 这些句子中的时间状语告诉读者发生的时间、事件，条理清楚，使读者很容易理清事情发生的顺序。
三、学亮点表达
描述人物的某些特点或成就时，作者常使用适当的情感词汇，如使用形容词、副词等来表达对人物的尊重、钦佩或其他情感，增强描述的生动性和形象性。如课文中使用了was gifted in、 powerful enough、 eventually developed、 a great improvement、 greater distances、 much shorter times等词汇形象地描写了瓦特的性格以及发明蒸汽机的重大意义。
[仿写训练] (完成句子)
The scientist ________________________ eventually invented the Internet, ______________________________________ and powerful enough to change the world.
这位在科学方面有天赋的科学家最终发明了互联网，这是一个巨大的进步，强大到足以改变世界。
四、学细节描写
①One day when he was 12 years old, he was sitting in his family kitchen watching a kettle boiling water.
②As the water boiled, the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down.
赏析：句①指出了故事发生的时间、地点以及瓦特正在做的事情，增强了画面感和情境感。
句②细致地描写了蒸汽导致水壶盖上下跳动的情景，让读者能清晰地想象出这个动态的画面。这种细节描写让读者仿佛身临其境，能更好地理解和感受当时的场景，增加故事的生动性和吸引力。
具体写作指导
Write an introduction of an inventor and his/her invention
写一篇关于发明家和他/她的发明的介绍
第一步：构思谋篇
Tense Present simple tense/Past simple tense
Person Third person
Main points Part 1: Make a brief introduction to the inventor, such as age, birthplace, occupation, educational background, personality characteristics and hobbies.Part 2: The process and result of invention are introduced in detail.Part 3: Comments or feelings about the inventor.
第二步：要点表达
第一部分 开头引出人物
①________________________， Thomas Edison was a great inventor.(用分词作状语)
托马斯·爱迪生于1847年出生于美国，是一位伟大的发明家。
②Alexander Graham Bell, ____________________________________， was born in Scotland in 1847. (用同位语)
亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔，世界上最著名的发明家之一，于1847年出生在苏格兰。
③Of all the outstanding people, I admire Tu Youyou the most, ____________________________________________________________ in 2015 for her great achievements in curing malaria. (用定语从句)
在所有杰出的人中，我最钦佩的是屠呦呦，她是2015年第一位因在治疗疟疾方面取得巨大成就而获得诺贝尔医学奖的中国科学家。
第二部分 介绍发明的过程以及结果
①After years of experimenting, in the year of 1876, Bell invented the telephone, which is widely used and ________________________ our daily life today.
经过多年的实验，贝尔在1876年发明了电话，电话被广泛使用，对我们今天的日常生活有很大的影响。
②To change that, Bi Sheng improved the printing technique by using movable type printing. The biggest advantage was that it was ________________________________， because every Chinese character could be used repeatedly.
为了改变这种状况，毕昇改进了印刷术，采用活字印刷术。它最大的优点是使用方便灵活，因为每个汉字都可以重复使用。
第三部分 结尾对发明者及其成就进行评价
①He ________________________ China's research in rockets, missiles and space flight. So, he ________________ “the Father of China's Missiles”．
他为中国的火箭、导弹和太空飞行研究做出了巨大贡献。因此，他被尊称为“中国导弹之父”。
②He wasn't interested in fame and wealth so he could ________________________ and made a great contribution.
他对名声和财富不感兴趣，所以他可以专注于他的发明，并做出了巨大的贡献。
③He was dedicated to delivering his innovative creation to poor communities, ________________________________________________.
他致力于将他的创新发明带给贫困社区，为那里的人们带去希望和切实可行的解决方案。
[针对练笔]
英语课上老师要求分享科学家的事迹，请你查阅资料，用英语写一个关于科学家袁隆平的片段，描述袁隆平的生平及主要成就。
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
写作素材储备
一、主题佳句
1．介绍人物的出生日期、出生地、出身及外貌特征
(1)He had fair hair and blue eyes.
(2)Abraham Lincoln, the son of a poor family, was born in Kentucky on February 12, 1809.
(3)She is tall and slim with big eyes and curly hair.
(4)Sue was a young woman who was studying art.
(5)He is a good looking and kind hearted man.
2．介绍人物的事迹、成就或取得的成绩
(1)During her career life, she obtained many championships, including four Olympic championships.
(2)When he was still a boy, he showed great interest in literature.
(3)His stories, most of which are short ones, give people surprising endings.
(4)He/She is good at spoken English and even better at using computers.
3．介绍人物的影响及人们对此人的评价
(1)He became famous for his new theory.
(2)The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader.
(3)We regard him as our model.
(4)Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.
(5)Her story tells us that we should value what we have, and try our best to overcome any difficulty in life.
二、主题语段
1．人物神态描写
When Tesla was experimenting, his eyes sparkled with excitement and determination. His brows were rising furrowed as he concentrated attentively, as if the whole world around him ceased to exist. His hands moved precisely, which showed his deep professional knowledge.
当特斯拉在做实验时，他的眼睛闪烁着兴奋和决心。他的眉毛微微扬起，因为他在专注地思考，仿佛他周围的整个世界都不存在了。他的双手精确地移动着，这显示出他深厚的专业知识。
2．科学发明介绍
To solve this problem, scientists have invented the household robot, which is designed to take care of the old. It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany the elderly to have a chat, play chess and do exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call for help immediately.
为了解决这个问题，科学家们发明了家用机器人，专门用来照顾老人。它可以在固定的时间做饭，这可以根据个人需要进行调整。它还可以陪伴老人聊天、下棋和锻炼身体。此外，它还可以应对紧急情况。例如，如果一位老人突然生病，机器人会立即呼救。
Section 8 Writing Workshop
NO.1 学新知
④availability ⑤to ⑥are available to store
⑦you are available tonight to take part in our donation activity
NO.2 促写作
由教材学写作
三、who was gifted in science; which was a great improvement
具体写作指导
第一部分
①Born in America in 1847
②one of the most famous inventors in the world
③who is the first Chinese scientist awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine
第二部分
①has a great influence on
②convenient and flexible to use
第三部分
①has made great contributions to; is admired as
②focus on his invention
③offering hope and a practical solution to the people there
[针对练笔]
参考范文：
Born on September 7,1930 in Beijing，Yuan Longping was from a poor farmers' family. Having graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953, he was sent to work as a teacher in the Agriculture School in the west of Hunan.He began his research in rice in 1964 and got the First National Special Prize for Invention in 1981.He was honored as “Father of Hybrid Rice” by the international friends.Famous as he was, he cared little for money and fame.(共66张PPT)
Section 8 Writing Workshop
[写作项目——Write an introduction of an inventor and his/her invention]
课时目标
1.了解范文的关键信息和结构，并归纳总结人物介绍的语言特点及基本结构。
2.运用所学知识写一篇关于发明家及其发明的短文。
目 录
NO.1 学新知 / 点滴积累充盈“语料库”
NO.2 促写作 / 写作增分途径“多仿写”
课时检测
学新知 / 点滴积累充盈“语料库”
NO.1
With this came new types of jobs and the availability of new products at lower costs.随之而来的是新类型的工作和更低成本的新产品。
★availability n．可能性
[用法感知]
①With the availability of modern media, conversation in which the face-to-face exchange of thoughts exists is disappearing.
随着现代媒体的出现，面对面交流思想的对话正在消失。
②(“邀请”类佳句)If you're available, please confirm it at your earliest convenience.
如果你有空，请尽快确认。
③(“网络学习”主题佳句)Many lessons are now available online, from which students can choose for free.
现在网上有很多课程，学生可以免费选择。
[归纳点拨]
available adj. 可用的，可获得的；有空的
be available to sb. (可)为某人所得到/利用
be available to do sth. 可以做某事
be available for 可用于……
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④This is often due to the ____________ (available) of better job opportunities and education.
⑤One of the UN goals is to ensure that clean water is available ____ everyone.
availability
to
⑥Lockers ______________________ any belongings during your visit.
在参观期间，有锁柜可用来存放你的随身物品。
⑦I am calling to ask if ____________________________________
____________________.
我打电话是想问你今晚是否有时间参加我们的募捐活动。
are available to store
you are available tonight to take part in
our donation activity
促写作 / 写作增分途径“多仿写”
NO.2
写作项目
——Write an introduction of an inventor and his/her invention
本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于发明家及其发明的文章，属于人物传记类作文。人物介绍类作文一直是高考英语作文的一种重要题型。此类文章一般都是对所写人物的基本情况(如年龄、出生地、家庭背景、受教育程度等)作简单概述，继而再叙述其事迹或在某个领域所做出的贡献，最后再对其进行评价。
|由教材学写作|
一、学写作架构
阅读课文，总结该文体的框架结构如下：
二、学细节描写
介绍人物的主要事迹时一般有明显的时间线索，如本文第二段主要介绍了詹姆斯·瓦特改良蒸汽机的灵感以及后来的实验。阅读时，应抓住这些表示时间的关键信息，如：One day when he was 12 years old；As the water boiled; Later等。 这些句子中的时间状语告诉读者发生的时间、事件，条理清楚，使读者很容易理清事情发生的顺序。
三、学亮点表达
描述人物的某些特点或成就时，作者常使用适当的情感词汇，如使用形容词、副词等来表达对人物的尊重、钦佩或其他情感，增强描述的生动性和形象性。如课文中使用了was gifted in、 powerful enough、 eventually developed、 a great improvement、 greater distances、 much shorter times等词汇形象地描写了瓦特的性格以及发明蒸汽机的重大意义。
[仿写训练] (完成句子)
The scientist ________________________ eventually invented the Internet, _____________________________ and powerful enough to change the world.
这位在科学方面有天赋的科学家最终发明了互联网，这是一个巨大的进步，强大到足以改变世界。
who was gifted in science
which was a great improvement
四、学细节描写
①One day when he was 12 years old, he was sitting in his family kitchen watching a kettle boiling water.
②As the water boiled, the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down.
赏析：句①指出了故事发生的时间、地点以及瓦特正在做的事情，增强了画面感和情境感。
句②细致地描写了蒸汽导致水壶盖上下跳动的情景，让读者能清晰地想象出这个动态的画面。这种细节描写让读者仿佛身临其境，能更好地理解和感受当时的场景，增加故事的生动性和吸引力。
|具体写作指导|
Write an introduction of an inventor and his/her invention
写一篇关于发明家和他/她的发明的介绍
第一步：构思谋篇
Tense Present simple tense/Past simple tense
Person Third person
Main points Part 1: Make a brief introduction to the inventor, such as age, birthplace, occupation, educational background, personality characteristics and hobbies.
Part 2: The process and result of invention are introduced in detail.
Part 3: Comments or feelings about the inventor.
续表
第二步：要点表达
第一部分 开头引出人物
①______________________,Thomas Edison was a great inventor.(用分词作状语)
托马斯·爱迪生于1847年出生于美国，是一位伟大的发明家。
Born in America in 1847
②Alexander Graham Bell, _________________________________
__________, was born in Scotland in 1847. (用同位语)
亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔，世界上最著名的发明家之一，于1847年出生在苏格兰。
one of the most famous inventors in
the world
③Of all the outstanding people, I admire Tu Youyou the most,
____________________________________________________________
in 2015 for her great achievements in curing malaria. (用定语从句)
在所有杰出的人中，我最钦佩的是屠呦呦，她是2015年第一位因在治疗疟疾方面取得巨大成就而获得诺贝尔医学奖的中国科学家。
who is the first Chinese scientist awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine
第二部分 介绍发明的过程以及结果
①After years of experimenting, in the year of 1876, Bell invented the telephone, which is widely used and _______________________ our daily life today.
经过多年的实验，贝尔在1876年发明了电话，电话被广泛使用，对我们今天的日常生活有很大的影响。
has a great influence on
②To change that, Bi Sheng improved the printing technique by using movable-type printing. The biggest advantage was that it was __________________________, because every Chinese character could be used repeatedly.
为了改变这种状况，毕昇改进了印刷术，采用活字印刷术。它最大的优点是使用方便灵活，因为每个汉字都可以重复使用。
convenient and flexible to use
第三部分 结尾对发明者及其成就进行评价
①He ____________________________ China's research in rockets, missiles and space flight. So, he _____________ “the Father of China's Missiles”．
他为中国的火箭、导弹和太空飞行研究做出了巨大贡献。因此，他被尊称为“中国导弹之父”。
has made great contributions to
is admired as
②He wasn't interested in fame and wealth so he could __________
_________ and made a great contribution.
他对名声和财富不感兴趣，所以他可以专注于他的发明，并做出了巨大的贡献。
focus on his
invention
③He was dedicated to delivering his innovative creation to poor communities, ________________________________________________.
他致力于将他的创新发明带给贫困社区，为那里的人们带去希望和切实可行的解决方案。
offering hope and a practical solution to the people there
[针对练笔]
英语课上老师要求分享科学家的事迹，请你查阅资料，用英语写一个关于科学家袁隆平的片段，描述袁隆平的生平及主要成就。
参考范文：
Born on September 7,1930 in Beijing，Yuan Longping was from a poor farmers' family. Having graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953, he was sent to work as a teacher in the Agriculture School in the west of Hunan.
He began his research in rice in 1964 and got the First National Special Prize for Invention in 1981.He was honored as “Father of Hybrid Rice” by the international friends.Famous as he was, he cared little for money and fame.
|写作素材储备|
一、主题佳句
1．介绍人物的出生日期、出生地、出身及外貌特征
(1)He had fair hair and blue eyes.
(2)Abraham Lincoln, the son of a poor family, was born in Kentucky on February 12, 1809.
(3)She is tall and slim with big eyes and curly hair.
(4)Sue was a young woman who was studying art.
(5)He is a good-looking and kind-hearted man.
2．介绍人物的事迹、成就或取得的成绩
(1)During her career life, she obtained many championships, including four Olympic championships.
(2)When he was still a boy, he showed great interest in literature.
(3)His stories, most of which are short ones, give people surprising endings.
(4)He/She is good at spoken English and even better at using computers.
3．介绍人物的影响及人们对此人的评价
(1)He became famous for his new theory.
(2)The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader.
(3)We regard him as our model.
(4)Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.
(5)Her story tells us that we should value what we have, and try our best to overcome any difficulty in life.
二、主题语段
1．人物神态描写
When Tesla was experimenting, his eyes sparkled with excitement and determination. His brows were rising furrowed as he concentrated attentively, as if the whole world around him ceased to exist. His hands moved precisely, which showed his deep professional knowledge.
当特斯拉在做实验时，他的眼睛闪烁着兴奋和决心。他的眉毛微微扬起，因为他在专注地思考，仿佛他周围的整个世界都不存在了。他的双手精确地移动着，这显示出他深厚的专业知识。
2．科学发明介绍
To solve this problem, scientists have invented the household robot, which is designed to take care of the old. It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany the elderly to have a chat, play chess and do exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call for help immediately.
为了解决这个问题，科学家们发明了家用机器人，专门用来照顾老人。它可以在固定的时间做饭，这可以根据个人需要进行调整。它还可以陪伴老人聊天、下棋和锻炼身体。此外，它还可以应对紧急情况。例如，如果一位老人突然生病，机器人会立即呼救。
课时检测
[写作专项训练]
Ⅰ.靓表达升级
1．Making predictions about what will happen in the future is difficult.(用it作形式主语升级)
→______________________________________________________
_______
It is difficult to make predictions about what will happen in the future.
2．Due to the rapid development of science and technology, we can do what we couldn't do in the past.(用“make＋宾语＋宾补”及“it作形式宾语”升级)
→_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
The rapid development of science and technology makes it possible for us to do what we couldn't do in the past.
3．Artificial intelligence can do a lot automatically.It makes our life more convenient and comfortable.(用非限制性定语从句升级)
→______________________________________________________
_______________________________________
Artificial intelligence can do a lot automatically, which makes our life more convenient and comfortable.
Ⅱ.微语境写作
1．_________________________ (在科技的帮助下), it is possible for humans to work at home.Besides, ______________________(越来越多的学生) do their schoolwork with the help of kinds of apps via the Internet.
With the help of technology
more and more students
2．The development of science and technology _________________
_________________________ (使我们的生活更舒适、更便捷). For instance, modern telecommunications _____________________________
(缩短了人们之间的距离) and make communication much easier.
makes our life more
comfortable and convenient
shorten the distance among people
3．Science and technology has changed our life in many ways, but to some extent, it still __________________________________________
(对我们的身心健康造成危害)．
causes damage to our mental and physical health
Ⅲ.应用文写作
最近你校英文报进行了一次“你心中最崇拜哪类人”的调查，结果显示，屠呦呦、袁隆平等科学家成为大多数学生最崇拜的人。请你用英语就此写篇报道，内容包括：
1．简述此次调查；
2．你对此次结果的看法。
参考范文：
Recently a survey on what kind of people you admire most has been conducted by our school English newspaper.As the result shows, scientists like Tu Youyou and Yuan Longping are most popular with the students.To be honest, I am very pleased with the result, which shows students are gradually forming proper ideas of value.
Instead of blindly admiring pop stars, they admire those scientists who play great roles in developing our society and improving our life.Besides, the great spirit of selfless contributions and the huge efforts they show in their career also deserve our respect.In short, if most students admire scientists, our country will certainly become better and better.
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In 2018, 17-year-old Hemesh spent a life-changing summer with his grandmother Anne, who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Witnessing the impact of the disease first-hand, Hemesh was awakened to the seriousness of the situation.
One night, Hemesh walked into the kitchen only to discover that his grandmother had left the gas stove (炉) on after making tea. Shocked by the dangerous consequences Alzheimer's disease could bring about, he couldn't help but wonder what might have happened if he hadn't been there.
Hemesh's worries increased as he observed his grandmother's behavior. She would wake up in the early hours of the morning, believing she was on a train, and wander outside aimlessly. This wandering tendency could potentially lead her to get lost or put herself in risky situations.
Determined to make a difference, Hemesh engaged himself in extensive research about Alzheimer's disease and its symptomatic (症状的) progression. Through his studies, he discovered that wandering was a common problem among dementia patients, especially those with Alzheimer's disease.
Inspired by his newfound knowledge and fueled by his desire to help, Hemesh told his family, “I can't just stand by and watch this happen. I need to do something to keep Grandma safe. I think I have an idea that might help not just her, but others in similar situations.”
With firm determination, he developed an inventive answer to the wandering dilemma, a device he called the Guardian Companion. It was a wearable device, similar to a smartwatch, specifically designed for Alzheimer's patients. It integrated advanced GPS technology and a panic button to assist those who tended to wander, ensuring their safety and well-being. After the device got its official approval, Hemesh happily went to try it on for his grandmother.
注意：1.续写词数应为80左右；
2．续写线索：劝服Anne戴上“守护伴侣”——解释功能——点燃希望。
As Anne put on the Guardian Companion, Hemesh explained how it worked. ___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
As Anne put on the Guardian Companion, Hemesh explained how it worked. He reassured her that it would help keep her safe. With a mixture of curiosity and skepticism, Anne agreed to give it a try. The device fit comfortably on her wrist. Hemesh walked his grandmother through the features, showing her how to use the panic button. Anne's eyes lit up with a glimmer of hope, and for the first time since her diagnosis, she felt a sense of regained independence.
[阅读拓展训练]
With a brain the size of a pinhead, insects perform fantastic navigational (导航的) abilities. They avoid obstacles and move through small openings. How do they do this with their limited brain power Understanding the inner workings of an insect's brain can help us in our search towards energy-efficient computing, physicist Elisabetta Chicca of the University of Groningen demonstrates with her most recent result: A robot that acts like an insect.
In search of the neural (神经的) mechanism that drives insect behaviour, PhD student Thorben Schoepe developed a model of its neuronal activity and a small robot that uses this model to navigate. Schoepe's model is based on one main principle: always steer towards the area with the least apparent motion.
He had his robot drive through a long “corridor” — consisting of two walls with a random print on it — and the robot centred in the middle of the corridor, as insects tend to do. In other virtual environments, such as a space with obstacles or small openings, Schoepe's model also showed similar behaviour to insects.
“The model is so good，” Chicca concludes, “that once you set it up, it will perform in all kinds of environments. That's the beauty of this result.”
The fact that a robot can navigate in a realistic environment is not new. Rather, the model gives insight into how insects do the job, and how they manage to do things so efficiently.
Chicca explains, “Much of robotics is not concerned with efficiency. We humans tend to learn new tasks as we grow up and within robotics. This is reflected in the current trend of machine learning. But insects are able to fly immediately from birth. An efficient way of doing that is hardwired in their brains. In a similar way, you could make computers more efficient.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了物理学家Elisabetta Chicca用像昆虫的机器人模型让我们深入了解昆虫是如何完成导航工作的，以及它们是如何如此高效地完成任务的。
1．Why does Chicca want to study how the insect brain works
A．To make computers more efficient.
B．To make use of insects' brain power.
C．To understand the habit of insects.
D．To reveal the inner part of insects' brain.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Understanding the inner workings of an insect's brain ...A robot that acts like an insect.”可知，Chicca研究昆虫大脑的工作原理是为了让电脑更有效率地工作。
2．What does the underlined word “steer” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Stretch. B．Stare.
C．Drive. D．Work.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中“He had his robot drive through a long ‘corridor’”可知，画线词与drive意思相近，意为“行驶，前进”。
√
3．How did Chicca feel at the performance of her robot
A．Regretful. B．Shocked.
C．Confused. D．Satisfied.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“The model is so good”可推知，Chicca对于机器人的表现十分满意。
√
4．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A．How to make a robot that acts like an insect.
B．Why insects navigate more efficiently than robots.
C．Why a robot can navigate in a realistic environment.
D．How humans tend to learn new tasks as they grow up.
√
解析：段落大意题。根据文章最后两段可知，这两段解释了昆虫导航比计算机更有效率的原因，即“为什么昆虫的导航比机器人更有效率”。UNIT 12 课时检测(八) Writing Workshop
[写作专项训练]
Ⅰ.靓表达升级
1．Making predictions about what will happen in the future is difficult.(用it作形式主语升级)
→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．Due to the rapid development of science and technology, we can do what we couldn't do in the past.(用“make＋宾语＋宾补”及“it作形式宾语”升级)
→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．Artificial intelligence can do a lot automatically.It makes our life more convenient and comfortable.(用非限制性定语从句升级)
→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.微语境写作
1．________________________ (在科技的帮助下), it is possible for humans to work at home.Besides, ____________________________ (越来越多的学生) do their schoolwork with the help of kinds of apps via the Internet.
2．The development of science and technology ______________________________________ (使我们的生活更舒适、更便捷). For instance, modern telecommunications ________________________ (缩短了人们之间的距离) and make communication much easier.
3．Science and technology has changed our life in many ways, but to some extent, it still ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(对我们的身心健康造成危害)．
Ⅲ.应用文写作
最近你校英文报进行了一次“你心中最崇拜哪类人”的调查，结果显示，屠呦呦、袁隆平等科学家成为大多数学生最崇拜的人。请你用英语就此写篇报道，内容包括：
1．简述此次调查；
2．你对此次结果的看法。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In 2018, 17 year old Hemesh spent a life changing summer with his grandmother Anne, who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Witnessing the impact of the disease first hand, Hemesh was awakened to the seriousness of the situation.
One night, Hemesh walked into the kitchen only to discover that his grandmother had left the gas stove (炉) on after making tea. Shocked by the dangerous consequences Alzheimer's disease could bring about, he couldn't help but wonder what might have happened if he hadn't been there.
Hemesh's worries increased as he observed his grandmother's behavior. She would wake up in the early hours of the morning, believing she was on a train, and wander outside aimlessly. This wandering tendency could potentially lead her to get lost or put herself in risky situations.
Determined to make a difference, Hemesh engaged himself in extensive research about Alzheimer's disease and its symptomatic (症状的) progression. Through his studies, he discovered that wandering was a common problem among dementia patients, especially those with Alzheimer's disease.
Inspired by his newfound knowledge and fueled by his desire to help, Hemesh told his family, “I can't just stand by and watch this happen. I need to do something to keep Grandma safe. I think I have an idea that might help not just her, but others in similar situations.”
With firm determination, he developed an inventive answer to the wandering dilemma, a device he called the Guardian Companion. It was a wearable device, similar to a smartwatch, specifically designed for Alzheimer's patients. It integrated advanced GPS technology and a panic button to assist those who tended to wander, ensuring their safety and well being. After the device got its official approval, Hemesh happily went to try it on for his grandmother.
注意：1.续写词数应为80左右；
2．续写线索：劝服Anne戴上“守护伴侣”——解释功能——点燃希望。
As Anne put on the Guardian Companion, Hemesh explained how it worked.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
[阅读拓展训练]
With a brain the size of a pinhead, insects perform fantastic navigational (导航的) abilities. They avoid obstacles and move through small openings. How do they do this with their limited brain power Understanding the inner workings of an insect's brain can help us in our search towards energy efficient computing, physicist Elisabetta Chicca of the University of Groningen demonstrates with her most recent result: A robot that acts like an insect.
In search of the neural (神经的) mechanism that drives insect behaviour, PhD student Thorben Schoepe developed a model of its neuronal activity and a small robot that uses this model to navigate. Schoepe's model is based on one main principle: always steer towards the area with the least apparent motion.
He had his robot drive through a long “corridor” — consisting of two walls with a random print on it — and the robot centred in the middle of the corridor, as insects tend to do. In other virtual environments, such as a space with obstacles or small openings, Schoepe's model also showed similar behaviour to insects.
“The model is so good，” Chicca concludes, “that once you set it up, it will perform in all kinds of environments. That's the beauty of this result.”
The fact that a robot can navigate in a realistic environment is not new. Rather, the model gives insight into how insects do the job, and how they manage to do things so efficiently.
Chicca explains, “Much of robotics is not concerned with efficiency. We humans tend to learn new tasks as we grow up and within robotics. This is reflected in the current trend of machine learning. But insects are able to fly immediately from birth. An efficient way of doing that is hardwired in their brains. In a similar way, you could make computers more efficient.”
1．Why does Chicca want to study how the insect brain works
A．To make computers more efficient.
B．To make use of insects' brain power.
C．To understand the habit of insects.
D．To reveal the inner part of insects' brain.
2．What does the underlined word “steer” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Stretch. B．Stare.
C．Drive. D．Work.
3．How did Chicca feel at the performance of her robot
A．Regretful. B．Shocked.
C．Confused. D．Satisfied.
4．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A．How to make a robot that acts like an insect.
B．Why insects navigate more efficiently than robots.
C．Why a robot can navigate in a realistic environment.
D．How humans tend to learn new tasks as they grow up.
UNIT 12 课时检测(八)
[写作专项训练]
Ⅰ.靓表达升级
1．It is difficult to make predictions about what will happen in the future.
2．The rapid development of science and technology makes it possible for us to do what we couldn't do in the past.
3．Artificial intelligence can do a lot automatically, which makes our life more convenient and comfortable.
Ⅱ.微语境写作
1．With the help of technology; more and more students
2．makes our life more comfortable and convenient;
shorten the distance among people
3．causes damage to our mental and physical health
Ⅲ.应用文写作
参考范文：
Recently a survey on what kind of people you admire most has been conducted by our school English newspaper.As the result shows, scientists like Tu Youyou and Yuan Longping are most popular with the students.To be honest, I am very pleased with the result, which shows students are gradually forming proper ideas of value.Instead of blindly admiring pop stars, they admire those scientists who play great roles in developing our society and improving our life.Besides, the great spirit of selfless contributions and the huge efforts they show in their career also deserve our respect.In short, if most students admire scientists, our country will certainly become better and better.
Ⅳ.读后续写
参考范文：
As Anne put on the Guardian Companion, Hemesh explained how it worked. He reassured her that it would help keep her safe. With a mixture of curiosity and skepticism, Anne agreed to give it a try. The device fit comfortably on her wrist. Hemesh walked his grandmother through the features, showing her how to use the panic button. Anne's eyes lit up with a glimmer of hope, and for the first time since her diagnosis, she felt a sense of regained independence.
[阅读拓展训练]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了物理学家Elisabetta Chicca用像昆虫的机器人模型让我们深入了解昆虫是如何完成导航工作的，以及它们是如何如此高效地完成任务的。
1．选A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Understanding the inner workings of an insect's brain ...A robot that acts like an insect.”可知，Chicca研究昆虫大脑的工作原理是为了让电脑更有效率地工作。
2．选C 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“He had his robot drive through a long ‘corridor’”可知，画线词与drive意思相近，意为“行驶，前进”。
3．选D 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The model is so good”可推知，Chicca对于机器人的表现十分满意。
4．选B 段落大意题。根据文章最后两段可知，这两段解释了昆虫导航比计算机更有效率的原因，即“为什么昆虫的导航比机器人更有效率”。
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