英语 选择性必修 第一册 RJ
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
一 阅读单词(3个)
写出英语单词
1．twin adj. 双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的 n. 孪生之一；双胞胎之一
2．nonverbal adj. 不涉及言语的；非言语的
3．slump vi. 垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
二 核心单词(5个)
A．写出英语单词
1．incident n. 发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
2．trial n．& v. 审讯；审判；试验；试用
3．internal adj. 内部的；里面的
4．pose n. 故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势
vi. 摆好姿势 vt. 造成(威胁、问题等)
5．bend vt.& vi. (使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(中国日报)The experience wasn't very comfortable because the knee didn't bend,__and it took Sun time to go up and down stairs.
2．(牛津高阶)Everyone has a right to a fair trial．
3．(剑桥高阶)We all posed for our photographs next to the Statue of Liberty.
4．(剑桥高阶)A youth was seriously injured in a shooting incident on Saturday night.
三 拓展单词(2个)
A．写出英语单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．slight adj. 轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv. 略微；稍微
2．assess vt. 评估；评价→assessment n. 评价；评定
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(朗文当代)The technique is being tried in classrooms to assess what effects it may have.
2．(柯林斯词典)His family then moved to a slightly larger house.
四 重点短语(1个)
A．写出英语短语
straighten__up 直起来；整理；收拾整齐
B．翻译
(柯林斯词典)This is my job, to straighten up, to file things.
这就是我的工作，整理东西，把东西归档。
1 incident n. 发生的事情；严重事件；冲突(教材P40)
归纳
助记
①(2023·浙江高考1月)During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident.
野餐期间，我把蜂鸟事件告诉了我的主人。
②(牛津高阶)The traffic took a long time to clear after the accident.
事故过去后很长时间交通才恢复畅通。
③(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction－level event for humanity.
她解释说，我们正处于历史的 “临界点”，必须立即采取行动，防止人类发生灭绝级别的事件。
【运用】选词填空(incident/accident/event)
①Over 70，000 people are killed or seriously injured every year in road accidents．
②This year's Olympic Games must be the biggest ever sporting event．
③The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp focus.
【输出】翻译
④It's not clear whether the incident was an accident or deliberate.
还不清楚这起事件是意外还是蓄意所为。
2 assessment n. 评价；评定(教材P40)
归纳
助记
①(柯林斯词典)There is little assessment of the damage to the natural environment.
几乎没有有关自然环境破坏的评估。
②(剑桥高阶)They assessed the cost of the flood damage at ￡1，500.
他们估计洪水造成的损失为1，500英镑。
③(牛津高阶)The young men were assessed as either safe or unsafe drivers.
这些年轻人被评定为谨慎驾驶员或不谨慎驾驶员两类。
【运用】单句语法填空
①Many of the adults were assessed as having learning difficulties.
②Damage to the building was assessed at $200，000.
③What's your assessment of her chances of winning
【输出】翻译
④First, we must make an assessment of their achievements that they have made.
首先，我们必须评估他们所取得的成就。
3 pose n. 故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi. 摆好姿势 vt. 造成(威胁、问题等)(教材P40)
归纳
助记
①(朗文当代)Ann struck a pose and smiled for the camera.
安摆了个姿势，对着镜头笑了笑。
②(柯林斯词典)The team posed as drug dealers to trap the ringleaders.
该专案组成员们假扮毒品贩子来诱捕犯罪头目。
③(牛津高阶)The delegates posed for a group photograph.
代表们摆好姿势准备拍集体照。
【运用】单句语法填空
①After the wedding we all posed for a photograph.
②They entered the building posing as workmen.
【输出】翻译
③This could pose a threat to jobs in the manufacturing industry.
这可能会给制造业的就业造成威胁。
4 bend vt.& vi. (使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向(教材P41)
归纳
助记
①(柯林斯词典)They walked in a crouch, each bent over close to the ground.
他们蹲伏着行走，一个个弯着腰快要贴着地面了。
②(朗文当代)I bent down to lift the box off the floor.
我弯下腰把箱子抬离地板。
③(剑桥高阶)The road bends to the left after the first set of traffic lights.
道路在第一组红绿灯后向左转弯。
【运用】单句语法填空
①The man bent down to kiss the child.
②The local council was forced to bend to public pressure.
【输出】翻译
③He bent over and picked up a sliver coin.
他弯腰拾起一枚银币。
一、动词 ing形式作宾语
动词 ing形式作宾语时，可位于动词之后，也可位于介词之后，此处重点讲动词 ing形式作动词的宾语。
1．admit, avoid, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, mind, miss, practise, suggest, delay, appreciate等动词之后要用动词 ing形式作宾语，而不用动词不定式。
He admitted cheating in the exam.
他承认在考试中作弊了。
I couldn't avoid making mistakes whenever I started to speak English.
每当我开始说英语我就无法避免出错。
I often practise speaking English.
我经常练习说英语。
2．feel like, give up, put off, look forward to, can't help，can't stand等之后一般用动词 ing形式作宾语，而不用动词不定式。
It's great to be here with these friends and do what we feel like doing.
和这些朋友们在一起并且做自己想做的事的感觉真的很好。
He couldn't help crying when he heard the news.
当听到这个消息时，他忍不住哭了。
3．动词 ing形式作宾语时也可有自身的逻辑主语。
“逻辑主语＋动词 ing”是动词 ing形式的复合结构，动词 ing形式的复合结构作宾语时，逻辑主语的常见形式：
(1)逻辑主语有生命时：名词所有格、名词原形、形容词性物主代词、人称代词宾格
I am astonished at Mary/Mary's suddenly becoming rich.
我对玛丽的暴富感到惊奇。
Would you mind my/me using your cell phone
你介意我用你的手机吗？
(2)逻辑主语无生命时：原形
I knew nothing about the window being open.
我一点儿也不知道窗户开着。
4．动词－ing形式与动词不定式作宾语的区别
(1)love, like, hate 等动词后可跟动词 ing形式和动词不定式作宾语。动词 ing形式通常表示习惯性、经常性的动作，动词不定式则表示一次性的、具体的动作。
He likes swimming.
他喜欢游泳。
He doesn't like to go to swim this afternoon.
今天下午他不想去游泳。
(2)接动词 ing形式或动词不定式作宾语时意义差别较大的动词及其结构：
①forget to do sth 表示“忘记要去做某事”， forget doing sth表示“忘记做过某事”。
Don't forget to put the milk in the fridge before you leave home.
你离开家之前别忘了把牛奶放进冰箱里。
He forgot telling me what had happened.
他忘记他已经告诉过我发生的事情。
②remember to do sth表示“记得要去做某事”，remember doing sth表示“记得做过某事”。
Remember to lock the door when you leave.
你离开时要记得锁门。
Do you remember seeing me before
你记得以前见过我吗？
③try to do sth 表示“努力/试图做某事”，try doing sth表示“试着做某事”。
You must try to be more careful.
你必须要多加小心。
He will try making a model ship.
他将试做一个模型船。
④mean to do sth 表示“打算做某事”，mean doing sth 表示“意味着做某事”。
I didn't mean to hurt you.
我并没打算伤害你。
This new order will mean working overtime.
这份新订单一来，就意味着要加班。
(3)need, want (需要), require (需要)后作宾语的动词 ing常用主动形式表示被动意义，这种情况下，也可用动词不定式的被动式代替。
Your house needs repairing (＝to be repaired)．
你的房子需要修缮。
Your coat wants washing (＝to be washed).
你的外套该洗了。
(1)单句语法填空
①I first considered writing (write) to her but then decided to see her.
②He insisted on doing (do) it in his own way.
③I tried to__call (call) you but I couldn't get through.
④The glass of these windows needs cleaning/to__be__cleaned (clean)．
⑤That colour doesn't really suit you, if you don't mind my saying (say) so.
(2)翻译
①我期待着您下一次的到来。
I'm__looking__forward__to__your__coming__next__time.
②他们停下工作，休息了一下。
They__stopped__working__and__had__a__rest.
③办公室的灯还亮着，他忘记关了。
The__light__in__the__office__is__still__on__and__he__forgot__to__turn__it__off.
④他迅速离去以避免见到他母亲。
He__made__a__quick__exit__to__avoid__meeting__his__mother.
⑤我认为读书不求甚解是没用的。
I__think__it__useless__reading__without__understanding.
二、动词 ing形式作表语
1．动名词(短语)作表语
作表语的动名词(短语)所体现的是名词的特性，用于对主语的内容进行解释说明，且可以转换到句首作主语。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
她的工作是尽可能使报告厅保持干净。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone.
＝Waiting here alone is what I am tired of.
我厌烦独自在这里等待。
2．现在分词(短语)作表语
作表语的现在分词(短语)是形容词性的，表示主语的性质或特征，常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, puzzling, shocking, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等，主语和表语不可换位置。
The problem is quite puzzling.
这个问题很令人困惑。
The result of the accident is shocking.
这一事故的后果令人震惊。
3．动名词(短语)作表语与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别
动名词(短语)作表语表示一般性的动作；动词不定式(短语)作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。
Our job is building houses. (经常性的一般行为)
我们的工作是盖房子。
Our main task now is to build this house. (具体的某次行为)
我们现在的主要任务是盖这间房子。
His wish is to become an artist.(将要发生的事)
他的愿望是成为一名艺术家。
动词 ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的 ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。 What worries me most is her staying up too late every night. (staying up too late every night的逻辑主语是her) 最让我担心的是她每晚都熬夜到太晚。
(1)单句语法填空
①His hobby is fishing (fish) in his spare time.
②Her performance is very entertaining (entertain), which brings us much pleasure.
③The music they are playing sounds so exciting (excite)．
④The most important thing now is to__find (find) a place to live in.
⑤His very last paintings are perhaps the most puzzling (puzzle).
(2)翻译
①今天的报道让人对经济更加丧失了信心。
Today's__report__is__rather__more__discouraging__for__the__economy.
②当前局势再度出现危险。
The__current__situation__begins__to__look/be__threatening__again.
③她的梦想是帮助研究人员找到治疗她的疾病的方法。
Her__dream__is__to__help__researchers__find__a__method__for__her__disease.
④她最担心的是我没有钱。
What__worries__her__most__is__my__having__no__money.
⑤盒子上的使用说明令人费解。
The__instructions__on__the__box__are__very__confusing.
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示完成句子
1．People often confuse me and my ________ (双胞胎之一的) sister.
答案：twin
2．Doctors say he has made a(n) ________ (轻微的) improvement.
答案：slight
3．This ________ (冲突) reflects badly on everyone involved.
答案：incident
4．He adopted a relaxed ________ (姿势) for the camera.
答案：pose
5．Many drugs were found by ________ (试验) and error.
答案：trial
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．As they're handmade, each one varies ________ (slight).
答案：slightly
2．You know I'm really interested in the first ________ (assess)．
答案：assessment
3．I regret ________ (spend) so much money on a car.
答案：spending
4．The plants that they found there were ________ (astonish)．
答案：astonishing
5．The student admitted ________ (be) careless in doing homework.
答案：being
6．A journey through the mountains is ________ (exhaust)．
答案：exhausting
7．When Sally learned about the truth, she couldn't help ________ (laugh).
答案：laughing
8．You can't expect ________ (learn) a foreign language in a few months.
答案：to learn
9．I think the plants here want________ (water) daily.
答案：watering/to be watered
10．Her job is ________ (check) letters of credit and terms of contract.
答案：checking
Ⅲ.选词填空
nonverbal; pose; straighten up; internal; slump
1．____________ slowly, then repeat the exercise ten times.
答案：Straighten up
2．The doctor said the ____________ bleeding had been massive.
答案：internal
3．He ____________ down in his armchair and felt around for the newspaper.
答案：slumped
4．All the while you're reading your partner's ____________ signals, be aware of your own.
答案：nonverbal
5．Many tourists ____________ for photos while very close to the edge of the fall.
答案：pose
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我最痛恨的就是被嘲笑。
What I hate most ______________________．
答案：is being laughed at
2．看了看表之后，他匆忙赶往火车站。
________________ his watch, he hurried to the station.
答案：After looking at
3．这里不允许大声喧哗，所以你应该保持安静。
We don't allow ________________， so you should keep quiet.
答案：making noise here
4．这条小溪突然向西弯曲。
The stream ________________ the west.
答案：bends suddenly to
5．他竟然缺席，使我感到吃惊。
____________________ that he should be absent.
答案：It was astonishing to me
课后课时作业
较易题(占比0%) 中档题(占比100%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
Humans use words to talk to each other. But we also point, nod, and use our hands to show what we mean. We've been doing this for tens of thousands of years.
Apes (猿) have their own system of gestures to show what they mean. They use about 80 different gestures to show what they mean. For example, a gesture the researchers call “big loud scratch” means “help pick insects off of me”．
Scientists have learned the meanings of these gestures by studying chimpanzees and bonobos (two kinds of apes) for years. Though the two groups of apes use different signs in a few cases, they share over 90% of the same gestures.
The researchers created a game for people to play online. The game was simple. People watched short videos of apes making a gesture. Then they had to choose the correct meaning of the gesture out of four possible answers. For the videos, the researchers chose 10 of the most common gestures used by chimpanzees and bonobos. Thousands of people played the game.
The researchers were surprised to find that people were able to choose the correct meaning of the gestures over 50% of the time. That's twice as good as people would be expected to do by chance. For some of the gestures, people were able to choose the correct meaning about 80% of the time. One example of this was the gesture of wiping the mouth, which people correctly guessed meant “give me that food”．
The scientists believe that humans may have a natural ability to understand the gestures of apes. But it's not clear why. Humans and other apes all developed from an earlier kind of ape that lived long ago. One possibility is that the body language of these gestures has been passed down from this shared ancestor. The researchers say that they need to study how humans are able to understand the gestures of apes. They're also curious about how humans understand other animals, like dogs.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家们发现人类能够理解大部分类人猿的动作手势，但原因尚待继续研究。
1．What does the underlined word “gestures” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Defence. B．Thoughts.
C．Knowledge. D．Movements.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“They use about ... means ‘help pick insects off of me’．(它们用大约80种不同的手势来表达它们的意思。例如，一个被研究人员称为‘大声抓’的手势意味着‘帮我把昆虫从我身上抓下来’。)”可知，猿通过身体的动作来表达它们的意思，由此可推知，画线词gestures的意思是“身体的动作和手势”。故选D。
2．What were people asked to do in this study
A．Answer questions about apes.
B．Watch videos and choose answers.
C．Teach apes to make body movements.
D．Communicate with two kinds of apes.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“People watched short videos ... out of four possible answers.(人们观看了猩猩做手势的短视频。然后，他们必须从四个可能的答案中选择正确的手势含义。)”可知，在这个研究中，人们被要求观看视频并选择答案。故选B。
3．What will scientists do in the future according to the last paragraph
A．Study how humans understand animals.
B．Find out effective ways to protect apes.
C．Help people to better understand animals.
D．Figure out what humans and apes have in common.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers say that they ... about how humans understand other animals, like dogs.(研究者说他们需要研究人类是如何能够理解猿的手势的。他们也很好奇人类是如何理解其他动物的，比如狗。)”可推知，科学家们对人类理解动物的能力感到好奇，将来很可能做这方面的研究。故选A。
4．What can be the best title of this text
A．Humans and Apes Share an Ancestor
B．Apes Have Well developed Language
C．Humans Can Understand Apes' Signals
D．Apes Can Communicate Freely With Humans
答案：C
解析：标题判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“The scientists believe that ... it's not clear why.(科学家们认为，人类可能天生就有理解猿类手势的能力。但原因尚不清楚。)”可知，本文主要讲述了人类可以基本理解猿的肢体行为，但目前尚不知其原因。C项(人类可以理解猿类的信号)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
B
People often use body language to decode (解读) lying. People may say one thing and be signaling another, so body language is a useful way to find out the truth. One of the ways to show someone is lying is blinking: The idea is that blinking faster indicates a potential lie.
So, is blink rate a reliable indicator of how likely the person is to be telling the truth What does the research show
Researchers studied competitors on a TV quiz show. The research demonstrates beautifully the danger in identifying specific physical responses as “tells” of a particular thought or intention. First of all, people do blink faster under stress. But that simply indicates a stress response, not a declaration (声明) of the intention behind the stress. Moreover，
it turns out that blinking also slows when you are thinking hard and can speed up when you are signaling that you are hearing a question or getting ready to give an answer.
In this way, blinking is like so many other individual bits of body language: It is multi－determined. We may cross our arms because we're defensive or because we're tired, cold, or ready to quit.
But in more familiar relationships in the workplace or beyond, most humans are reasonably good at reading the signals of people whom they know well－long－time colleagues, friends, family, especially when they are moved by a strong emotion. For example, when your husband runs into the house excited about a raise, you can pick up that something good is going on. That's because you know how that person normally acts, and thus spotting a change from the norm is relatively easy and reliable.
Rather than trying to make a list of tells, seek to understand people in your world by paying attention to both what they say and how they say it. Over time, you can become a reliable reader of the body language of the people you live and work with.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了如何有效地解读肢体语言，并指出了其局限性。
5．What is the purpose of the research
A．To illustrate why people see body language as “tells”．
B．To present the relation between blinking and telling lies.
C．To figure out under what circumstances people blink faster.
D．To prove whether a certain physical response can clearly indicate someone's intention.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The research demonstrates ... thought or intention.(研究结果很好地说明了将特定的身体反应视为某种思想或意图的‘预兆'的危险性。)”可推知，研究的目的是证明某种身体反应是否能清楚地表明某人的意图。故选D。
6．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Hard to predict.
B．Difficult to make sense.
C．Caused by many reasons.
D．Easy to be influenced by surroundings.
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段“In this way ... or ready to quit. (因此，眨眼就像许多其他肢体语言一样：它由多种因素决定。我们交叉双臂可能是因为防卫，也可能是因为疲惫、寒冷或准备放弃。)”可知，眨眼是由多种原因引起的。multi determined意为“由多种原因引起”。故选C。
7．What does the example in the last but one paragraph show
A．People tend to be moved by their family.
B．Body language can be interpreted easily in close relations.
C．Reading body language doesn't work in unfamiliar relationships.
D．Emotional change is the foundation of understanding body language.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But in more familiar relationships ... a strong emotion. (但在工作场所或其他更熟悉的关系中，大多数人都相当善于解读他们熟悉的人——长期的同事、朋友、家人——发出的信号，尤其是当他们被一种强烈的情感所感动的时候。)”可推知，这个例子展示了在亲密关系中，人们更容易解读肢体语言。故选B。
8．What would be the best title for the text
A．How to Read Body Language Reliably
B．How to Tell a Lie through Body Language
C．The Misunderstanding on Mastering Body Language
D．Why Cannot Body Language Reflect a Person's Real Intention
答案：A
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了如何通过注意人们说话的内容和方式来可靠地解读肢体语言，A项(如何可靠地解读肢体语言)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
Ⅱ 语法填空
As you walk into the Shandong Arts and Crafts Exhibition Center, you are greeted by a magnificent sight: a larger than life rabbit. Its face is decorated with __1__ artistically painted Chinese character, quan, and the cloud beneath it features the landscape of Baotu Spring, one of the most famous scenic __2__ (spot) in Jinan.
The __3__ (create) of the rabbit figure is 52 year old Yang Feng, a local craftsman. __4__ (lie) on the second floor of the exhibition center is his studio, __5__ he displays his works, in different designs and sizes.
In 2004, Yang noticed a competition was being held __6__ (develop) a souvenir (纪念品) for Jinan which needed to represent local culture. Yang thought that the rabbit god fit all the requirements and it took __7__ (he) a whole month to make one.
His winning top prize at the competition encouraged him to quit his job __8__ a designer and devote himself to making statues of the rabbit god. Yang said, “For me, crafting the rabbit is not just a job, __9__ a lifelong career that I will stick with. I hope my creations can remind tourists of the old and happy times. What is even __10__ (important), they can get to know Jinan's history and culture and fall in love with the city.”
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了山东工匠杨峰制作兔子雕像来展示济南的历史和文化。
1．答案：an
解析：考查冠词。character为可数名词。此处泛指一个艺术绘制的汉字，应用不定冠词，且artistically的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
2．答案：spots
解析：考查名词。one of后接可数名词复数，设空处需使用spot的复数spots。故填spots。
3．答案：creator
解析：考查词性转换。句意：这只兔子的创作者是52岁的当地工匠杨峰。设空处应用名词creator在句中作主语，此处表示单数含义。故填creator。
4．答案：Lying
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：展览中心的二楼是他的工作室，他在这里展示不同设计和大小的作品。该句是完全倒装句，原句为：his studio is lying on the second floor of the exhibition center，设空处应用现在分词，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Lying。
5．答案：where
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是his studio，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
6．答案：to develop
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：2004年，杨峰注意到一场为济南设计代表当地文化的纪念品的比赛。设空处应用不定式在句中作目的状语。故填to develop。
7．答案：him
解析：考查代词。句意：杨峰认为兔神符合所有的要求，他花了整整一个月的时间制作了一个。设空处在句中作宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式。故填him。
8．答案：as
解析：考查介词。句意：他在比赛中获得了最高奖，这促使他辞去了设计师的工作，全身心地投入到制作兔神的雕像中。设空处表示“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
9．答案：but
解析：考查连词。句意：对我来说，制作兔子不仅仅是一份工作，而是我会坚持下去的终身事业。此处是固定搭配not just ... but ...，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
10．答案：more important
解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：更重要的是，他们可以了解济南的历史和文化，并爱上这座城市。根据句意可知，此处含有比较意义，设空处应用形容词的比较级。故填more important。
精深阅读
As well as their meowing (喵喵叫), cats rely very strongly on body language to communicate, both with other cats and with humans. Some behaviors are obvious and easy to read, while others can be more subtle．
One of the most obvious behaviors cats have is when they weave (穿行) themselves between your legs. When they do this, they are of course both leaving their smell on you, and letting you know that they consider you “one of the family” and love you. Similarly, when your cat jumps up onto a high place so that he is at hand or eye level with you, he is letting you know that he wants to be touched and to rub against you.
When your cat climbs into your lap while you are sitting (or sleeping) and starts to knead (抚弄) you with his paws, it might be an uncomfortable feeling but your cat is letting you know that he is comfortable and feels protected with you.
Another easily－recognized behavior in cats is when their ears are flat against their head, their fur is standing up straight and/or their back is arched (成弓形). This of course means that your cat is feeling threatened in some way and just wants to protect itself. However, if your cat stands sideways with his fur on end, with its tail raised, it means that he feels very fearful. This behavior is usually seen when there is another strange cat around. And if your cat is feeling nervous, insecure or unwell, he will usually hide under a table, chair or in or behind some other small objects or boxes.
Cats are social animals and like to communicate with their owners and other cats whenever they can, using a mixture of body language and meowing. It does not take long at all for a cat owner to learn what his cat is trying to tell him, and once he does, the relationship between him and his cat can only improve.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猫的肢体语言，了解和学习这些肢体语言有助于我们更好地和它们相处。
1．The underlined word “subtle” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．
A．meaningful B．wonderful
C．unclear D．surprising
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Some behaviors ... more subtle．(有些行为很明显，很容易理解，而另一些行为则比较不那么明显。)”可推知，画线词意为“不明显的”。故选C。
2．A cat may show its love to you by ________．
A．getting close to you
B．jumping onto a higher place
C．meowing continually to you
D．standing face to face with you
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One of the most obvious ... and love you.”可推知，猫通常通过靠近人来表达它的爱。故选A。
3．If you want to get along well with your cat, you should ________．
A．hug it as often as possible
B．try to keep it out of any danger
C．stay with it as long as possible
D．learn to communicate with it well
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It does ... only improve.(不需要很长时间猫主人就能知道猫想告诉他什么，一旦他知道了，他和猫之间的关系只会改善。)”可知，要想和猫相处得好，你就要学会和它们进行良好的交流。故选D。
4．From the passage we can infer that the author ________．
A．is managing a cat care center
B．is raising a lot of animals at home
C．is always ready to help other people
D．is good at reading cats' body language
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文详细地介绍了猫的肢体语言，由此可推知，作者善于解读猫的肢体语言。故选D。
(一)学习重点词汇
1．rely(第一段)
2．uncomfortable(第三段)
uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的；令人不舒适的→comfortable adj. 舒服的；舒适的→comfort v. 安慰；抚慰
3．threatened(第四段)
(二)不看原文，请尝试将图中内容补充完整
(三)翻译并背诵佳句
Cats are social animals and like to communicate with their owners and other cats whenever they can, using a mixture of body language and meowing.
猫是群居动物，只要有机会，它们就喜欢用肢体语言和喵喵声与主人和其他猫交流。
21(共80张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
课前预习 效果检测
合作探究 精研重点
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
学习效果 当堂巩固
3
课后课时作业
４
课前预习 效果检测
一 阅读单词(3个)
写出英语单词
1．________ adj. 双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的
n. 孪生之一；双胞胎之一
2．____________ adj. 不涉及言语的；非言语的
3．________ vi. 垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
twin
nonverbal
slump
二 核心单词(5个)
A．写出英语单词
1．________ n. 发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
2．________ n．& v. 审讯；审判；试验；试用
3．________ adj. 内部的；里面的
4．________ n. 故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi. 摆好姿势 vt. 造成(威胁、问题等)
5．________ vt.& vi. (使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
incident
trial
internal
pose
bend
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(中国日报)The experience wasn't very comfortable because the knee didn't ________， and it took Sun time to go up and down stairs.
2．(牛津高阶)Everyone has a right to a fair ________．
3．(剑桥高阶)We all ________ for our photographs next to the Statue of Liberty.
4．(剑桥高阶)A youth was seriously injured in a shooting ________ on Saturday night.
bend
trial
posed
incident
三 拓展单词(2个)
A．写出英语单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．________ adj. 轻微的；略微的；细小的→________ adv. 略微；稍微
2．________ vt. 评估；评价→____________ n. 评价；评定
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(朗文当代)The technique is being tried in classrooms to ________ what effects it may have.
2．(柯林斯词典)His family then moved to a ________ larger house.
slight
slightly
assess
assessment
assess
slightly
四 重点短语(1个)
A．写出英语短语
____________ 直起来；整理；收拾整齐
B．翻译
(柯林斯词典)This is my job, to straighten up, to file things.
____________________________________________________________________
straighten up
这就是我的工作，整理东西，把东西归档。
合作探究 精研重点
1 incident n. 发生的事情；严重事件；冲突(教材P40)
归纳
助记
①(2023·浙江高考1月)During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident.
野餐期间，我把蜂鸟事件告诉了我的主人。
②(牛津高阶)The traffic took a long time to clear after the accident.
事故过去后很长时间交通才恢复畅通。
③(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction－level event for humanity.
她解释说，我们正处于历史的 “临界点”，必须立即采取行动，防止人类发生灭绝级别的事件。
【运用】选词填空(incident/accident/event)
①Over 70，000 people are killed or seriously injured every year in road ________．
②This year's Olympic Games must be the biggest ever sporting ________．
③The ________ brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp focus.
【输出】翻译
④It's not clear whether the incident was an accident or deliberate.
__________________________________________________________________
accidents
event
incident
还不清楚这起事件是意外还是蓄意所为。
2 assessment n. 评价；评定(教材P40)
归纳
助记
①(柯林斯词典)There is little assessment of the damage to the natural environment.
几乎没有有关自然环境破坏的评估。
②(剑桥高阶)They assessed the cost of the flood damage at ￡1，500.
他们估计洪水造成的损失为1，500英镑。
③(牛津高阶)The young men were assessed as either safe or unsafe drivers.
这些年轻人被评定为谨慎驾驶员或不谨慎驾驶员两类。
【运用】单句语法填空
①Many of the adults were assessed ________ having learning difficulties.
②Damage to the building was assessed ________ $200，000.
③What's your assessment ________ her chances of winning
【输出】翻译
④First, we must make an assessment of their achievements that they have made.
__________________________________________________________________
as
at
of
首先，我们必须评估他们所取得的成就。
3 pose n. 故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi. 摆好姿势 vt. 造成(威胁、问题等)(教材P40)
归纳
助记
①(朗文当代)Ann struck a pose and smiled for the camera.
安摆了个姿势，对着镜头笑了笑。
②(柯林斯词典)The team posed as drug dealers to trap the ringleaders.
该专案组成员们假扮毒品贩子来诱捕犯罪头目。
③(牛津高阶)The delegates posed for a group photograph.
代表们摆好姿势准备拍集体照。
【运用】单句语法填空
①After the wedding we all posed ________ a photograph.
②They entered the building posing ________ workmen.
【输出】翻译
③This could pose a threat to jobs in the manufacturing industry.
__________________________________________________________________
for
as
这可能会给制造业的就业造成威胁。
4 bend vt.& vi. (使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向(教材P41)
归纳
助记
①(柯林斯词典)They walked in a crouch, each bent over close to the ground.
他们蹲伏着行走，一个个弯着腰快要贴着地面了。
②(朗文当代)I bent down to lift the box off the floor.
我弯下腰把箱子抬离地板。
③(剑桥高阶)The road bends to the left after the first set of traffic lights.
道路在第一组红绿灯后向左转弯。
【运用】单句语法填空
①The man bent ________ to kiss the child.
②The local council was forced to bend ________ public pressure.
【输出】翻译
③He bent over and picked up a sliver coin.
__________________________________________________________________
down
to
他弯腰拾起一枚银币。
动词 ing形式作宾语时，可位于动词之后，也可位于介词之后，此处重点讲动词 ing形式作动词的宾语。
1．admit, avoid, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, mind, miss, practise, suggest, delay, appreciate等动词之后要用动词 ing形式作宾语，而不用动词不定式。
He admitted cheating in the exam.
他承认在考试中作弊了。
I couldn't avoid making mistakes whenever I started to speak English.
每当我开始说英语我就无法避免出错。
I often practise speaking English.
我经常练习说英语。
一、动词 ing形式作宾语
2．feel like, give up, put off, look forward to, can't help，can't stand等之后一般用动词 ing形式作宾语，而不用动词不定式。
It's great to be here with these friends and do what we feel like doing.
和这些朋友们在一起并且做自己想做的事的感觉真的很好。
He couldn't help crying when he heard the news.
当听到这个消息时，他忍不住哭了。
3．动词 ing形式作宾语时也可有自身的逻辑主语。
“逻辑主语＋动词 ing”是动词 ing形式的复合结构，动词 ing形式的复合结构作宾语时，逻辑主语的常见形式：
(1)逻辑主语有生命时：名词所有格、名词原形、形容词性物主代词、人称代词宾格
I am astonished at Mary/Mary's suddenly becoming rich.
我对玛丽的暴富感到惊奇。
Would you mind my/me using your cell phone
你介意我用你的手机吗？
(2)逻辑主语无生命时：原形
I knew nothing about the window being open.
我一点儿也不知道窗户开着。
4．动词－ing形式与动词不定式作宾语的区别
(1)love, like, hate 等动词后可跟动词 ing形式和动词不定式作宾语。动词 ing形式通常表示习惯性、经常性的动作，动词不定式则表示一次性的、具体的动作。
He likes swimming.
他喜欢游泳。
He doesn't like to go to swim this afternoon.
今天下午他不想去游泳。
(2)接动词 ing形式或动词不定式作宾语时意义差别较大的动词及其结构：
①forget to do sth 表示“忘记要去做某事”， forget doing sth表示“忘记做过某事”。
Don't forget to put the milk in the fridge before you leave home.
你离开家之前别忘了把牛奶放进冰箱里。
He forgot telling me what had happened.
他忘记他已经告诉过我发生的事情。
②remember to do sth表示“记得要去做某事”，remember doing sth表示“记得做过某事”。
Remember to lock the door when you leave.
你离开时要记得锁门。
Do you remember seeing me before
你记得以前见过我吗？
③try to do sth 表示“努力/试图做某事”，try doing sth表示“试着做某事”。
You must try to be more careful.
你必须要多加小心。
He will try making a model ship.
他将试做一个模型船。
④mean to do sth 表示“打算做某事”，mean doing sth 表示“意味着做某事”。
I didn't mean to hurt you.
我并没打算伤害你。
This new order will mean working overtime.
这份新订单一来，就意味着要加班。
(3)need, want (需要), require (需要)后作宾语的动词 ing常用主动形式表示被动意义，这种情况下，也可用动词不定式的被动式代替。
Your house needs repairing (＝to be repaired)．
你的房子需要修缮。
Your coat wants washing (＝to be washed).
你的外套该洗了。
(1)单句语法填空
①I first considered ________ (write) to her but then decided to see her.
②He insisted on ________ (do) it in his own way.
③I tried ________ (call) you but I couldn't get through.
④The glass of these windows needs ____________________ (clean)．
⑤That colour doesn't really suit you, if you don't mind my ________ (say) so.
writing
doing
to call
cleaning/to be cleaned
saying
(2)翻译
①我期待着您下一次的到来。
__________________________________________________________________
②他们停下工作，休息了一下。
__________________________________________________________________
③办公室的灯还亮着，他忘记关了。
__________________________________________________________________
④他迅速离去以避免见到他母亲。
__________________________________________________________________
⑤我认为读书不求甚解是没用的。
__________________________________________________________________
I'm looking forward to your coming next time.
They stopped working and had a rest.
The light in the office is still on and he forgot to turn it off.
He made a quick exit to avoid meeting his mother.
I think it useless reading without understanding.
1．动名词(短语)作表语
作表语的动名词(短语)所体现的是名词的特性，用于对主语的内容进行解释说明，且可以转换到句首作主语。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
她的工作是尽可能使报告厅保持干净。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone.
＝Waiting here alone is what I am tired of.
我厌烦独自在这里等待。
二、动词 ing形式作表语
2．现在分词(短语)作表语
作表语的现在分词(短语)是形容词性的，表示主语的性质或特征，常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, puzzling, shocking, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等，主语和表语不可换位置。
The problem is quite puzzling.
这个问题很令人困惑。
The result of the accident is shocking.
这一事故的后果令人震惊。
3．动名词(短语)作表语与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别
动名词(短语)作表语表示一般性的动作；动词不定式(短语)作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。
Our job is building houses. (经常性的一般行为)
我们的工作是盖房子。
Our main task now is to build this house. (具体的某次行为)
我们现在的主要任务是盖这间房子。
His wish is to become an artist.(将要发生的事)
他的愿望是成为一名艺术家。
动词 ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的 ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying up too late every night. (staying up too late every night的逻辑主语是her)
最让我担心的是她每晚都熬夜到太晚。
(1)单句语法填空
①His hobby is ________ (fish) in his spare time.
②Her performance is very ___________ (entertain), which brings us much pleasure.
③The music they are playing sounds so ________ (excite)．
④The most important thing now is ________ (find) a place to live in.
⑤His very last paintings are perhaps the most ________ (puzzle).
fishing
entertaining
exciting
to find
puzzling
(2)翻译
①今天的报道让人对经济更加丧失了信心。
____________________________________________________________________
②当前局势再度出现危险。
____________________________________________________________________
③她的梦想是帮助研究人员找到治疗她的疾病的方法。
____________________________________________________________________
④她最担心的是我没有钱。
____________________________________________________________________
⑤盒子上的使用说明令人费解。
____________________________________________________________________
Today's report is rather more discouraging for the economy.
The current situation begins to look/be threatening again.
Her dream is to help researchers find a method for her disease.
What worries her most is my having no money.
The instructions on the box are very confusing.
学习效果 当堂巩固
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示完成句子
1．People often confuse me and my ________ (双胞胎之一的) sister.
2．Doctors say he has made a(n) ________ (轻微的) improvement.
3．This ________ (冲突) reflects badly on everyone involved.
4．He adopted a relaxed ________ (姿势) for the camera.
5．Many drugs were found by ________ (试验) and error.
twin
slight
incident
pose
trial
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．As they're handmade, each one varies ________ (slight).
2．You know I'm really interested in the first ___________ (assess)．
3．I regret ________ (spend) so much money on a car.
4．The plants that they found there were ____________ (astonish)．
5．The student admitted ________ (be) careless in doing homework.
slightly
assessment
spending
astonishing
being
6．A journey through the mountains is ____________ (exhaust)．
7．When Sally learned about the truth, she couldn't help ________ (laugh).
8．You can't expect ________ (learn) a foreign language in a few months.
9．I think the plants here want_______________________ (water) daily.
10．Her job is ________ (check) letters of credit and terms of contract.
exhausting
laughing
to learn
watering/to be watered
checking
nonverbal; pose; straighten up; internal; slump
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．____________ slowly, then repeat the exercise ten times.
2．The doctor said the ____________ bleeding had been massive.
3．He ____________ down in his armchair and felt around for the newspaper.
4．All the while you're reading your partner's ____________ signals, be aware of your own.
5．Many tourists ____________ for photos while very close to the edge of the fall.
Straighten up
internal
slumped
nonverbal
pose
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我最痛恨的就是被嘲笑。
What I hate most ______________________．
2．看了看表之后，他匆忙赶往火车站。
________________ his watch, he hurried to the station.
3．这里不允许大声喧哗，所以你应该保持安静。
We don't allow ________________， so you should keep quiet.
4．这条小溪突然向西弯曲。
The stream ________________ the west.
5．他竟然缺席，使我感到吃惊。
________________________ that he should be absent.
is being laughed at
After looking at
making noise here
bends suddenly to
It was astonishing to me
课后课时作业
较易题(占比0%) 中档题(占比100%) 拔高题(占比0%)
Ⅰ 阅读
A
Humans use words to talk to each other. But we also point, nod, and use our hands to show what we mean. We've been doing this for tens of thousands of years.
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 难度 ★★ ★★ ★★
Apes (猿) have their own system of gestures to show what they mean. They use about 80 different gestures to show what they mean. For example, a gesture the researchers call “big loud scratch” means “help pick insects off of me”．
Scientists have learned the meanings of these gestures by studying chimpanzees and bonobos (two kinds of apes) for years. Though the two groups of apes use different signs in a few cases, they share over 90% of the same gestures.
The researchers created a game for people to play online. The game was simple. People watched short videos of apes making a gesture. Then they had to choose the correct meaning of the gesture out of four possible answers. For the videos, the researchers chose 10 of the most common gestures used by chimpanzees and bonobos. Thousands of people played the game.
The researchers were surprised to find that people were able to choose the correct meaning of the gestures over 50% of the time. That's twice as good as people would be expected to do by chance. For some of the gestures, people were able to choose the correct meaning about 80% of the time. One example of this was the gesture of wiping the mouth, which people correctly guessed meant “give me that food”．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家们发现人类能够理解大部分类人猿的动作手势，但原因尚待继续研究。
The scientists believe that humans may have a natural ability to understand the gestures of apes. But it's not clear why. Humans and other apes all developed from an earlier kind of ape that lived long ago. One possibility is that the body language of these gestures has been passed down from this shared ancestor. The researchers say that they need to study how humans are able to understand the gestures of apes. They're also curious about how humans understand other animals, like dogs.
1．What does the underlined word “gestures” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Defence. B．Thoughts.
C．Knowledge. D．Movements.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“They use about ... means ‘help pick insects off of me’．(它们用大约80种不同的手势来表达它们的意思。例如，一个被研究人员称为‘大声抓’的手势意味着‘帮我把昆虫从我身上抓下来’。)”可知，猿通过身体的动作来表达它们的意思，由此可推知，画线词gestures的意思是“身体的动作和手势”。故选D。
2．What were people asked to do in this study
A．Answer questions about apes.
B．Watch videos and choose answers.
C．Teach apes to make body movements.
D．Communicate with two kinds of apes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“People watched short videos ... out of four possible answers.(人们观看了猩猩做手势的短视频。然后，他们必须从四个可能的答案中选择正确的手势含义。)”可知，在这个研究中，人们被要求观看视频并选择答案。故选B。
3．What will scientists do in the future according to the last paragraph
A．Study how humans understand animals.
B．Find out effective ways to protect apes.
C．Help people to better understand animals.
D．Figure out what humans and apes have in common.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers say that they ... about how humans understand other animals, like dogs.(研究者说他们需要研究人类是如何能够理解猿的手势的。他们也很好奇人类是如何理解其他动物的，比如狗。)”可推知，科学家们对人类理解动物的能力感到好奇，将来很可能做这方面的研究。故选A。
4．What can be the best title of this text
A．Humans and Apes Share an Ancestor
B．Apes Have Well developed Language
C．Humans Can Understand Apes' Signals
D．Apes Can Communicate Freely With Humans
解析：标题判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“The scientists believe that ... it's not clear why.(科学家们认为，人类可能天生就有理解猿类手势的能力。但原因尚不清楚。)”可知，本文主要讲述了人类可以基本理解猿的肢体行为，但目前尚不知其原因。C项(人类可以理解猿类的信号)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
B
People often use body language to decode (解读) lying. People may say one thing and be signaling another, so body language is a useful way to find out the truth. One of the ways to show someone is lying is blinking: The idea is that blinking faster indicates a potential lie.
So, is blink rate a reliable indicator of how likely the person is to be telling the truth What does the research show
Researchers studied competitors on a TV quiz show. The research demonstrates beautifully the danger in identifying specific physical responses as “tells” of a particular thought or intention. First of all, people do blink faster under stress. But that simply indicates a stress response, not a declaration (声明) of the intention behind the stress. Moreover， it turns out that blinking also slows when you are thinking hard and can speed up when you are signaling that you are hearing a question or getting ready to give an answer.
In this way, blinking is like so many other individual bits of body language: It is multi－determined. We may cross our arms because we're defensive or because we're tired, cold, or ready to quit.
But in more familiar relationships in the workplace or beyond, most humans are reasonably good at reading the signals of people whom they know well－long－time colleagues, friends, family, especially when they are moved by a strong emotion. For example, when your husband runs into the house excited about a raise, you can pick up that something good is going on. That's because you know how that person normally acts, and thus spotting a change from the norm is relatively easy and reliable.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了如何有效地解读肢体语言，并指出了其局限性。
Rather than trying to make a list of tells, seek to understand people in your world by paying attention to both what they say and how they say it. Over time, you can become a reliable reader of the body language of the people you live and work with.
5．What is the purpose of the research
A．To illustrate why people see body language as “tells”．
B．To present the relation between blinking and telling lies.
C．To figure out under what circumstances people blink faster.
D．To prove whether a certain physical response can clearly indicate someone's intention.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The research demonstrates ... thought or intention.(研究结果很好地说明了将特定的身体反应视为某种思想或意图的‘预兆'的危险性。)”可推知，研究的目的是证明某种身体反应是否能清楚地表明某人的意图。故选D。
6．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Hard to predict.
B．Difficult to make sense.
C．Caused by many reasons.
D．Easy to be influenced by surroundings.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段“In this way ... or ready to quit. (因此，眨眼就像许多其他肢体语言一样：它由多种因素决定。我们交叉双臂可能是因为防卫，也可能是因为疲惫、寒冷或准备放弃。)”可知，眨眼是由多种原因引起的。multi determined意为“由多种原因引起”。故选C。
7．What does the example in the last but one paragraph show
A．People tend to be moved by their family.
B．Body language can be interpreted easily in close relations.
C．Reading body language doesn't work in unfamiliar relationships.
D．Emotional change is the foundation of understanding body language.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But in more familiar relationships ... a strong emotion. (但在工作场所或其他更熟悉的关系中，大多数人都相当善于解读他们熟悉的人——长期的同事、朋友、家人——发出的信号，尤其是当他们被一种强烈的情感所感动的时候。)”可推知，这个例子展示了在亲密关系中，人们更容易解读肢体语言。故选B。
8．What would be the best title for the text
A．How to Read Body Language Reliably
B．How to Tell a Lie through Body Language
C．The Misunderstanding on Mastering Body Language
D．Why Cannot Body Language Reflect a Person's Real Intention
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了如何通过注意人们说话的内容和方式来可靠地解读肢体语言，A项(如何可靠地解读肢体语言)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
Ⅱ 语法填空
As you walk into the Shandong Arts and Crafts Exhibition Center, you are greeted by a magnificent sight: a larger than life rabbit. Its face is decorated with __1__ artistically painted Chinese character, quan, and the cloud beneath it features the landscape of Baotu Spring, one of the most famous scenic __2__ (spot) in Jinan.
The __3__ (create) of the rabbit figure is 52 year old Yang Feng, a local craftsman. __4__ (lie) on the second floor of the exhibition center is his studio, __5__ he displays his works, in different designs and sizes.
In 2004, Yang noticed a competition was being held __6__ (develop) a souvenir (纪念品) for Jinan which needed to represent local culture. Yang thought that the rabbit god fit all the requirements and it took __7__ (he) a whole month to make one.
His winning top prize at the competition encouraged him to quit his job __8__ a designer and devote himself to making statues of the rabbit god. Yang said, “For me, crafting the rabbit is not just a job, __9__ a lifelong career that I will stick with. I hope my creations can remind tourists of the old and happy times. What is even __10__ (important), they can get to know Jinan's history and culture and fall in love with the city.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了山东工匠杨峰制作兔子雕像来展示济南的历史和文化。
1．________ 2．________ 3．________ 4．________ 5．________
6．________ 7．________ 8．________ 9．________ 10．________
1．答案：an
2．答案：spots
解析：考查冠词。character为可数名词。此处泛指一个艺术绘制的汉字，应用不定冠词，且artistically的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
解析：考查名词。one of后接可数名词复数，设空处需使用spot的复数spots。故填spots。
3．答案：creator
4．答案：Lying
解析：考查词性转换。句意：这只兔子的创作者是52岁的当地工匠杨峰。设空处应用名词creator在句中作主语，此处表示单数含义。故填creator。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：展览中心的二楼是他的工作室，他在这里展示不同设计和大小的作品。该句是完全倒装句，原句为：his studio is lying on the second floor of the exhibition center，设空处应用现在分词，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Lying。
5．答案：where
6．答案：to develop
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是his studio，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：2004年，杨峰注意到一场为济南设计代表当地文化的纪念品的比赛。设空处应用不定式在句中作目的状语。故填to develop。
7．答案：him
8．答案：as
解析：考查代词。句意：杨峰认为兔神符合所有的要求，他花了整整一个月的时间制作了一个。设空处在句中作宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式。故填him。
解析：考查介词。句意：他在比赛中获得了最高奖，这促使他辞去了设计师的工作，全身心地投入到制作兔神的雕像中。设空处表示“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
9．答案：but
10．答案：more important
解析：考查连词。句意：对我来说，制作兔子不仅仅是一份工作，而是我会坚持下去的终身事业。此处是固定搭配not just ... but ...，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：更重要的是，他们可以了解济南的历史和文化，并爱上这座城市。根据句意可知，此处含有比较意义，设空处应用形容词的比较级。故填more important。
As well as their meowing (喵喵叫), cats rely very strongly on body language to communicate, both with other cats and with humans. Some behaviors are obvious and easy to read, while others can be more subtle．
One of the most obvious behaviors cats have is when they weave (穿行) themselves between your legs. When they do this, they are of course both leaving their smell on you, and letting you know that they consider you “one of the family” and love you. Similarly, when your cat jumps up onto a high place so that he is at hand or eye level with you, he is letting you know that he wants to be touched and to rub against you.
精深阅读
When your cat climbs into your lap while you are sitting (or sleeping) and starts to knead (抚弄) you with his paws, it might be an uncomfortable feeling but your cat is letting you know that he is comfortable and feels protected with you.
Another easily－recognized behavior in cats is when their ears are flat against their head, their fur is standing up straight and/or their back is arched (成弓形). This of course means that your cat is feeling threatened in some way and just wants to protect itself. However, if your cat stands sideways with his fur on end, with its tail raised, it means that he feels very fearful. This behavior is usually seen when there is another strange cat around. And if your cat is feeling nervous, insecure or unwell, he will usually hide under a table, chair or in or behind some other small objects or boxes.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猫的肢体语言，了解和学习这些肢体语言有助于我们更好地和它们相处。
Cats are social animals and like to communicate with their owners and other cats whenever they can, using a mixture of body language and meowing. It does not take long at all for a cat owner to learn what his cat is trying to tell him, and once he does, the relationship between him and his cat can only improve.
1．The underlined word “subtle” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_____”．
A．meaningful
B．wonderful
C．unclear
D．surprising
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Some behaviors ... more subtle．(有些行为很明显，很容易理解，而另一些行为则比较不那么明显。)”可推知，画线词意为“不明显的”。故选C。
2．A cat may show its love to you by ________．
A．getting close to you
B．jumping onto a higher place
C．meowing continually to you
D．standing face to face with you
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One of the most obvious ... and love you.”可推知，猫通常通过靠近人来表达它的爱。故选A。
3．If you want to get along well with your cat, you should ________．
A．hug it as often as possible
B．try to keep it out of any danger
C．stay with it as long as possible
D．learn to communicate with it well
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It does ... only improve.(不需要很长时间猫主人就能知道猫想告诉他什么，一旦他知道了，他和猫之间的关系只会改善。)”可知，要想和猫相处得好，你就要学会和它们进行良好的交流。故选D。
4．From the passage we can infer that the author ________．
A．is managing a cat care center
B．is raising a lot of animals at home
C．is always ready to help other people
D．is good at reading cats' body language
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文详细地介绍了猫的肢体语言，由此可推知，作者善于解读猫的肢体语言。故选D。
(一)学习重点词汇
1．rely(第一段)
依赖；依靠；信赖
依赖；
依靠；信赖
依靠某人做某事
信赖/依靠某人/某物做某事
可信赖的；可依靠的
2．uncomfortable(第三段)
uncomfortable adj. _____________________→comfortable adj. _______________ →comfort v. _____________
不舒服的；令人不舒适的
舒服的；舒适的
安慰；抚慰
3．threatened(第四段)
受到威胁的；感到危险的
威胁；有……危险
用……威胁某人
威胁要做某事
危及某人的生命
威胁
对……的威胁
对某人进行威胁
受到……的威胁
威胁的；恐吓的；险恶的
(二)不看原文，请尝试将图中内容补充完整
themselves
comfortable
ears
fur
back
threatened
very fearful
nervous/insecure/unwell
communicate
(三)翻译并背诵佳句
Cats are social animals and like to communicate with their owners and other cats whenever they can, using a mixture of body language and meowing.
____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________
猫是群居动物，只要有机会，它们就喜欢用肢体语言和喵喵声与主人和其他猫交流。
