英语 选择性必修 第一册 RJ
Section Ⅲ Using Language
一 阅读单词(7个)
写出英语单词
1．poverty n. 贫穷；贫困
2．organic adj. 有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的
3．pesticide n. 杀虫剂；除害药物
4．bacterium n. 细菌
5．mineral n. 矿物；矿物质
6．grocery n. 食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货
7．batch n. 一批；一组 vt. 分批处理
二 核心单词(6个)
A．写出英语单词
1．alleviate vt. 减轻；缓解
2．widespread adj. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的
3．digest vt.& vi. 消化 vt. 领会；领悟 n. 摘要；文摘
4．essential adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的
5．instance n. 例子；实例；事例
6．root n. 根；根茎；根部；根源
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(柯林斯词典)They learn well but seem to need time to digest information.
2．(中国日报)Sustainable cooperation must take root between Africa and China in order to flourish.
3．(朗文当代)It is essential that our pilots are given the best possible training.
4．(柯林斯词典)There is widespread support for the new proposals.
三 拓展单词(3个)
A．写出英语单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的→alternatively adv. 或者→alternate v. 轮流，交替 adj. 轮流的，交替的
2．depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj. 深的 adv. 深深地→deepen v. 加深；变深
3．entirely adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地→entire adj. 全部的，完全的
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(牛津高阶)I'm not entirely happy about the proposal.
2．(剑桥高阶)There are very few fish at depths below 3，000 metres.
3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.
四 重点短语(2个)
A．写出英语短语
1．in__turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流
2．for__instance 例如；比如
B．用上面的短语填空，使句意完整
1．(柯林斯词典)There are a number of improvements; for__instance,__both mouse buttons can now be used.
2．(柯林斯词典)There were cheers for each of the women as they spoke in__turn．
1 essential adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的(教材P55)
归纳
①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.
在黑暗中行走时，手电筒和合适的衣物是必不可少的。
②(牛津高阶)It is essential to keep the two groups separate.
必须将这两个组分开。
③(牛津高阶)It is essential that you (should) attend all the meetings.
你务必要参加所有的会议。
④(剑桥高阶)The essence of his argument was that education should continue throughout life.
他的论点的实质是教育应该贯穿一生。
【运用】单句语法填空
①But it's essential that you pick yourself up and move on.
②Tidiness in the workshop is really essential for producing good work.
③It's essential to__be (be) open to new opportunities when they come your way.
【输出】翻译
④Speed is of the essence in dealing with an emergency.
在处理紧急事件时，速度是非常重要的。
2 alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的(教材P55)
归纳
助记
①(柯林斯词典)Do you have an alternative solution to the problem
你有没有别的办法来解决这个问题？
②(剑桥高阶)I'm afraid I have no alternative but to ask you to leave.
恐怕我别无选择，只能请你离开。
③(牛津高阶)We could take the train or alternatively go by car.
我们可以坐火车去，也可以坐汽车去。
【运用】单句语法填空
①Alternatively (alternative), you can transfer money via a French bank in London.
②We see no alternative but to__change (change) the logo design.
③Public transport serves as an economic alternative to cars.
【输出】翻译
④实在不得已，她只好请几天假。
She__had__no__alternative__but__to__ask__for__a__few__days'__leave.
3 depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)(教材P56)
归纳
助记
①(朗文当代)Plant the beans at a depth of about six inches.
把豆子种在大约六英寸深的地方。
②(牛津高阶)I haven't looked at the report in depth yet.
我还没有深入研究这份报告。
③(2024·全国甲卷)There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross－legged underwater and hold their breath while they watched all action going on around them.
在那里，他们会穿过深水，盘腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看着周围发生的一切。
④(柯林斯词典)As we drew nearer to it the water gradually deepened.
我们靠近它时，水渐渐深了起来。
【运用】单句语法填空
①They studied in depth the situation at home and abroad.
②Water was found at a depth of 30 metres.
【输出】翻译
③There were plans to deepen a stretch of the river.
曾经有过加深一段河道的计划。
④The child is being taught subjects that are beyond his depth.
现在教给这个孩子的学科都过于深奥。
1 in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流(教材P55)
归纳
①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people.
我把我的作品发布在社交媒体上，相应地，我也遇到了一些最善良的人。
②(牛津高阶)The book is, by turns, funny and very sad.
这部书时而妙趣横生，时而悲悲戚戚。
③(朗文当代)Dan and I usually take turns to cook.
丹和我通常轮流做饭。
④(牛津高阶)I think it's our turn to drive the kids to school this week.
我想这周轮到我们开车送孩子们上学了。
【运用】单句语法填空
①They are by turns hopeful and frightened about the future.
②Ted and I took turns to__go (go) into hospital and sit with Emma.
③Each of us in turn had to describe how alcohol had affected our lives.
【输出】翻译
④孩子们逐一自报姓名。
The__children__called__out__their__names__in__turn.
⑤轮到你做自我介绍了。
It's__your__turn__to__make__a__self introduction.
2 for instance 例如；比如(教材P56)
归纳
①(2024·全国甲卷)For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.
例如，几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音，它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑任何危险的动物或寻找庇护。
②(牛津高阶)Some cautions must be mentioned—for example, good tools are essential to do the job well.
有些警告一定得说，如：工欲善其事，必先利其器。
③(2023·全国乙卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide.
也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过清除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。
【运用】单句语法填空
①Organizations such as schools and clubs bind a community together.
②Malcolm, for instance, works in isolation but I have no doubts about his abilities.
【输出】翻译
③Those who were self－disciplined, for instance, were likely to live to be very old.
比方说，那些自律的人有可能活到很老。
④There is a similar word in many languages, for example in French and Italian.
许多语言，譬如法语和意大利语，都有相似的词。
[教材原句P56]What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. 他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求。
剖析 that引导同位语从句，用来解释说明the fact的具体内容。
归纳 同位语从句： (1)在主从复合句中，在句中作某一名词尤其是抽象名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容的从句叫同位语从句。 (2)能跟同位语从句的名词一般是fact, news, idea, view, truth, hope, problem, information, wish, promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词。 (3)名词suggestion, wish, order, demand, command, request, desire, proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 (4)在肯定句中，名词doubt后的同位语从句用whether引导；在否定句或疑问句中，doubt后的同位语从句用that引导。
①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same.
这种效应利用了这样一个事实：当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。
②(牛津高阶)He agreed with my suggestion that we (should) change the date.
他同意我提出的更改日期的建议。
③(柯林斯词典)There was no doubt that the news of Tandy's escape had shaken them all.
毫无疑问，坦迪逃跑的消息震惊了他们所有人。
易混辨析：同位语从句与定语从句的区别
从句性质 引导词
同位语从句 名词性从句 引导词在从句中不作成分
定语从句 形容词性从句 引导词在从句中可作主语、宾语、定语、状语等
①(牛津高阶)She had to face the fact that her life had changed forever.
她得正视她的生活已永远改变了这一事实。(同位语从句)
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.
像我们大多数人一样，我尽量关注那些被浪费的食物。(定语从句)
【运用】单句语法填空
①He gave orders that the work (should)__be__started (start) immediately.
②I have some doubt whether she will come on time.
③There can be little doubt that this kind of class can help the gifted children to graduate earlier.
④No one can deny the fact that fire burns.
【输出】翻译
⑤听到他要回来这个消息我们非常高兴。
We__are__glad__at__the__news__that__he__will__come__back.
⑥他不知道会议什么时候举行。
He__has__no__idea__when__the__meeting__will__be__held.
CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING
化学耕作和有机耕作
Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century.
自20世纪中期以来，化学农药和人工化肥在耕作中得到了广泛使用。
When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production.
当它们第一次被引进时，许多农民欢迎它们，认为这是一种对抗作物病害和增加产量的好方法。
Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long term use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health.
然而，随着时间的推移，一些科学家发现，长期使用它们有时会损害土地和人们的健康。
难句分析
①what some scientists have found是主语从句，而that their long－term ... health是表语从句，引导词that没有语义，也不作任何成分，但不可省略。
For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones.
例如，农药不仅可以杀死有害的细菌和昆虫，还会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，最终破坏土地。
In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time.
此外，这些化学物质可以在土壤和地下水源中长期存在。
This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them.
这会影响生长在土地上的作物，进而影响消化它们的动物和人类。
Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer.
许多人担心这些化学物质会使他们生病，甚至致癌。
难句分析
②that引导宾语从句，and连接两个并列结构，make__them__ill和cause__cancer并列。
In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment.
事实上，因为它们对人类和环境造成的破坏，像DDT这样的杀虫剂在大多数国家已经被禁止了。
As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.
至于化肥，用它们种植的作物通常生长得太快而无法保有丰富的营养。
They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
它们可能外表看起来很漂亮，但里面通常有更多的水，而不是必要的矿物质，而且它们的味道通常也更差。
难句分析
③like DDT是介词短语作pesticides的后置定语；in most countries是地点状语； because of ... the environment是原因状语； they cause to people and the environment是定语从句，修饰先行词the damage。
As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.
作为替代方案，一些农民转向有机耕作，许多顾客在当地杂货店购物时转向有机食品。
Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.
有机耕作就是不使用任何化学物质的耕作。
Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means.
有机耕作的农民注重通过自然的方式保持土壤的肥沃和免受病害。
For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser.
例如，许多有机耕作的农民会使用来自动物的天然废物作为肥料。
This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals.
这使得他们地里的土壤更富含矿物质。
It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.
它还会使空气、土壤、水和农作物不含化学物质。
难句分析
④makes the soil ... richer为“make＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，其中the soil为宾语，richer为宾补。
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil.
有机耕作的农民也使用许多其他方法使土壤肥沃。
They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year.
他们经常每年改变每一块地种植的作物种类。
For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next.
例如，他们可能第一年在一块地里种玉米或小麦，然后第二年在那里种豆子。
Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops.
为什么要种植不同的作物，是因为它们把重要的矿物质放回土地里，使土地为下一批作物做好准备。
难句分析
⑤Why different crops are grown是主语从句； that ... crops是表语从句；现在分词短语making it ready for the next batch of crops作结果状语。
Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich.
有机耕作的农民也通过利用不同深度的土壤种植不同的农作物，来保持它的肥沃。
For example, peanuts grow on the ground's surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots.
例如，花生在土地表面生长，但许多其他蔬菜则扎根深处。
The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people's health.
使用不同的有机耕作方式的目的是种出好的食物，同时避免对环境或人们的健康造成损害。
难句分析
⑥that use different depths ... keep it rich为that引导的定语从句，to help keep it rich为动词不定式短语作目的状语，keep it rich为“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
Some people would prefer to stop the use of man made chemicals in agriculture entirely.
有些人宁愿完全停止在农业中使用人造化学品。
What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求。
Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need.
有机耕作远远不能满足这种需求。
Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
因此，要找到一个合适的解决方案，使餐桌上有足够的食物，同时保持人们和环境的健康，还有很长的路要走。
难句分析
⑦there be句型，是倒装结构，其中 to find a suitable solution是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰a long way; that puts sufficient food on the dinner table是定语从句，修饰solution; while keeping ... as healthy as possible作时间状语。
Ⅰ.根据语境及首字母提示完成句子
1．It would provide hundreds of millions of dollars for research into a________ energy sources.
答案：alternative
2．Nowadays, a great deal can be done to a________ back pain.
答案：alleviate
3．The plan received w________ support throughout the country.
答案：widespread
4．Bad housing, debt and p________ are interconnected.
答案：poverty
5．A balanced diet can provide enough n________ for your body.
答案：nutrition
6．You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to d________．
答案：digest
7．Those plant r________ also help hold the soil against wind and water.
答案：roots
8．You can find certified organic food at most g________ stores.
答案：grocery
9．Even in a small office, computers are an e________ tool.
答案：essential
10．The m________ in the water made it pleasant to drink.
答案：minerals
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It is always important to choose enjoyable, ________ (nutrition) foods.
答案：nutritious
2．The ________ (bacterium) were growing in a sugar medium.
答案：bacteria
3．We had to look after him ________ turn.
答案：in
4．The report is based ________ (entire) on imagination.
答案：entirely
5．They dug down to a ________ (deep) of two metres.
答案：depth
6．________ (alternative) there will be a bus going there at 1：30 pm.
答案：Alternatively
7．This fruit also has lots of fiber to aid ________ (digest)．
答案：digestion
8．They don't want their kids to participate but find it hard to keep them ________ going.
答案：from
9．The high quality ________ (mine) water has passed the state－level test.
答案：mineral
10．City planning treats the city as a unit, as an ________ (organ) whole.
答案：organic
Ⅲ.选词填空
for instance; be essential for; in turn; at a depth of; alternative to
1．Sports suits and shoes ____________ most outdoor activities.
答案：are essential for
2．WeChat was quickly gaining popularity as a free ____________ text messaging.
答案：alternative to
3．You cannot rely on Sally; ____________， she arrived an hour late for an important meeting yesterday.
答案：for instance
4．You can rarely encounter such creatures alive, because they live ____________ six hundred feet in the ocean.
答案：at a depth of
5．And your feelings will ____________ have a great influence on your action.
答案：in turn
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我家现在都接受了我不吃羊肉这件事。
My family now accepts ________________ I don't eat mutton.
答案：the fact that
2．他们的成就已经深入分析过了，无需再议。
Their achievements have already been analysed ________________ and do not require further discussion.
答案：in depth
3．那些中青年员工们都普遍支持他。
There was ______________ for him among the young and mid－aged ones.
答案：widespread support
4．不是每个人都可以解析和消化他们得到的公共信息的。
Not everyone can analyse and ____________________________ they receive.
答案：digest the public information
5．万般无奈，我只得自己想办法了。
I __________________ think of a way out by myself.
答案：had no alternative but to
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比70%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ 完形填空
I come from a long line of farmers. When my parents moved to Wisconsin, farming allowed them to __1__ back to Laos, to the culture, and the land. Wisconsin's cornfields __2__ the rice fields of Laos. But for me as a child, farming was just a __3__. I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans. My mom __4__ me a big basket and it was my __5__ to fill it. That was how I spent my summer vacation __6__ my friends were either at camp or doing other fun activities.
I didn't __7__ how farming brought hope to my parents until I was an adult. I am a __8__ removed from Laos and I have found that farming allows me to __9__ my parents' story. It allows me to see a little bit into their story. What I've __10__ from my mom is that you can grow just about anything. My mom wants to start growing __11__ like she did back in Laos. With a snowy climate, it is something I never thought __12__ here. To me, this shows resilience (适应力). Maybe it __13__ and maybe it doesn't. But there is __14__ in that.
As a kid, I hated doing farm work and I never thought that someday I would say that I kind of __15__ putting my feet in the mud and weeding (除草) the corn.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候不知道耕种对父母的意义，直到长大后才理解耕种给父母带来的希望。
1．A.connect B．head
C．retire D．report
答案：A
解析：connect 联系；head 朝着……前进；retire 退休；report 报道。根据上文“I come from a long line of farmers.”可知，作者来自农耕家庭，所以当他们搬到威斯康星州后，农业可以让他们与老挝产生联系。故选A。
2．A.changed B．covered
C．replaced D．affected
答案：C
解析：句意：威斯康星州的玉米田代替了老挝的稻田。change 改变；cover 覆盖；replace 代替；affect 影响。故选C。
3．A.dream B．game
C．chore D．mystery
答案：C
解析：dream 梦想；game 游戏；chore 家务；mystery 神秘的事物。根据下文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，农活是作者被分配的家务。故选C。
4．A.sold B．gave
C．sent D．lent
答案：B
解析：sell 出售；give 给；send 发送；lend 借出。根据上文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，母亲给作者分配了农活任务，给作者一个篮子让其帮助做农活。故选B。
5．A.intention B．opportunity
C．choice D．job
答案：D
解析：intention 目的；opportunity 机会；choice 选择；job 工作。根据上文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，作者被安排了农活，因此把篮子装满是作者的工作。故选D。
6．A.while B．if
C．since D．until
答案：A
解析：句意：这就是我如何度过我的暑假，而我的朋友不是在夏令营就是在做其他有趣的活动。前后句意存在对比关系，应用while连接并列句。故选A。
7．A.regret B．monitor
C．appreciate D．complain
答案：C
解析：句意：直到成年后，我才理解农业如何给我的父母带来希望的。regret 后悔；monitor 监测；appreciate 理解；complain 抱怨。故选C。
8．A.generation B．graduate
C．professional D．beginner
答案：A
解析：句意：我是来自老挝的一代人，我发现农业使我能够了解父母的故事。generation 一代；graduate 毕业生；professional 专业人士；beginner 初学者。故选A。
9．A.give away B．make up
C．act out D．relate to
答案：D
解析：give away 泄露；make up 弥补 ；act out 表演；relate to 了解，体恤。根据下文“It allows me to see a little bit into their story.”可知，农业能让作者了解父母生活的故事。故选D。
10．A.expected B．learned
C．chosen D．demanded
答案：B
解析：expect 期望；learn 学习；choose 选择；demand 要求。根据下文“is that you can grow just about anything”可知，此处指从母亲那里学到的东西。故选B。
11．A.corn B．rice
C．beans D．flowers
答案：B
解析：corn 谷物；rice 水稻；bean 豆子；flower 花。根据上文“Wisconsin's cornfields __2__ the rice fields of Laos.”可知，他们在老挝种植的是水稻。故选B。
12．A.flexible B．necessary
C．legal D．possible
答案：D
解析：flexible 柔韧的；necessary 必要的；legal 合法的；possible 可能的。根据下文“To me, this shows resilience (适应力)．”可知，两地气候不同，母亲想要在威斯康星州种植水稻，作者从未想过有这个可能。故选D。
13．A.improves B．revives
C．works D．exists
答案：C
解析：improve 改善；revive 复活；work 起作用；exist 存在。根据下文“But there is __14__ in that.”可知，种下去就代表有希望，可能成功也可能不成功。故选C。
14．A.confusion B．permission
C．balance D．hope
答案：D
解析：confusion 困惑；permission 许可；balance 平衡；hope 希望。根据上文“I didn't __7__ how farming brought hope to my parents until I was an adult.”可知，耕种给父母带来希望。故选D。
15．A.miss B．risk
C．delay D．escape
答案：A
解析：句意：小时候，我讨厌做农活，我从来没有想过有一天我会说我有点想念站在泥地里除草(的日子)。miss 想念；risk 冒险；delay 推迟；escape 逃离。故选A。
Ⅱ 阅读
Italy has recently been selling hundreds of old homes incredibly cheap, thanks to plans that have led to the rebuilding of local communities.
Scottish businessman Cesidio Di Ciacca bought a whole village. He has just finished renewing Borgo I Ciacca, a rural village dating back to the 1500s and historically named after his family.
“At the turn of the 20th century my grandparents left the village in search of a better future，” Di Ciacca said. “They moved to Scotland, leaving behind their home.” Inspired by nostalgia (怀旧) for his ancestors' land, Di Ciacca decided to return to breathe new life into the village and rebuild the local economy.
Di Ciacca needed to acquire the entire village to begin repair work. So the first step was to track down all 140 owners of the 30 hectare village property—a long and complicated process made more difficult by the fact that emigration (移民) had spread them across the world.
“It all started off as a hobby. Then I realized I needed to make this dream of mine into a sustainable business，” said Di Ciacca. “When my daughter Sofia decided to leave her corporate job and take care of the vineyards, I turned the village into a rural farm producing honey, jams, wine, and extra virgin olive oil, and launching eco conscious activities.”
The 2，500 square meter village now hosts a small cultural center and conference room for meetings. There's also a canteen with wine tasting spots and a kitchen for cooking lessons. Bucolic marathons are held in spring, with people running up and down the vineyards and then relaxing at the little square where villagers once met to chat in the evenings after working in the fields.
“I want this village to be an important center for all Italian Scottish people abroad who want to return and reconnect with their origins, and maybe even help their native country by launching activities and opportunities for growth，” Di Ciacca said.
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了苏格兰商人Cesidio Di Ciacca买下了Borgo I Ciacca整个村庄，并将其改造为乡村农场。
1．What drove Di Ciacca to rebuild the village
A．The potential for profit.
B．His grandparents' wishes.
C．Curiosity about local lands.
D．Love for his ancestors' origins.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Inspired by nostalgia (怀旧) ... the local economy.(出于对祖先故土的怀念，Di Ciacca决定回到村庄，为村庄注入新的活力，重建当地经济。)”可知，对祖先故土的热爱驱使Di Ciacca重建Borgo I Ciacca村。故选D。
2．Why was it hard to find the village's original owners
A．They had moved to different places.
B．Many had passed away years ago.
C．They were unwilling to sell their shares.
D．They had refused to return to the village.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“So the first step ... across the world.(因此，第一步是追查这处30公顷村庄房产的所有140名业主——这是一个漫长而复杂的过程，由于移民，他们已分散到世界各地，这一过程变得更加困难。)”可推知，这个村庄原来的业主搬到了不同的地方，所以很难找到他们。故选A。
3．What activities can people do in Borgo I Ciacca now
A．Barbecue in the fields.
B．Host agricultural meetings.
C．Feed animals on the farm.
D．Pick grapes in the vineyards.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The 2，500 square meter village now hosts ... conference room for meetings.(这个2，500平方米的村庄现在拥有一个小型文化中心和会议室。)”可知，现在人们可以在Borgo I Ciacca举办农业会议。故选B。
4．What can be inferred from Di Ciacca's words in the last paragraph
A．He needs fund for further repair work.
B．He thinks the village is a profitable cause.
C．He wants to help others of Italian origins.
D．He plans to make his village a famous resort.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I want this village ... opportunities for growth (我希望这个村庄成为所有海外意大利苏格兰人的重要中心，他们希望回国并重新与他们的祖国联系起来，甚至可能通过开展活动和发展机会来帮助他们的祖国)”可推知，Di Ciacca想帮助其他意大利血统的人。故选C。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
五一劳动节(Labor Day)期间，你和同学们参观了“阳光农场”。请你为校报写一篇英文报道，内容包括：
1．农场情况；
2．体验劳动；
3．个人感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Day on Sunshine Farm
[精彩范文]
My Day on Sunshine Farm
During Labor Day my classmates and I paid a visit to Sunshine Farm, which is about 2 kilometers away from our school. When we arrived at the farm, we saw all kinds of animals, green fresh vegetables and fruit trees. We were divided into two groups. When one group was responsible for picking fruits, the other packed them up. Time flying quickly, the activity was over. But it was a meaningful day, and I learnt a lot from it. Through this experience, I know how hard farmers are and how precious food is. We should treasure the food planted by farmers.
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ten－year－old Sami loved to visit his grandpa's house in Puthur in Tamil Nadu, which was near the beautiful blue sea. At the seaside stood thick and tall palm (棕榈) trees with green coconuts hanging from them. When the coconuts fell down, the children would break them open and drink the coconut water. Sami liked to play with the rabbits and squirrels jumping about in the trees and bushes. He also liked fishing in the link ponds with his friends. It was always great fun to spend the holidays at Grandpa's place.
This winter vacation, Sami was surprised when he came to his grandpa's village. There were hardly any trees left. What lay at the water's edge (边缘) were only rocks and mud. He saw houses built near the sea. Logs (木材), branches of trees and stones lay around. People had cut down many palm trees and there was hardly any greenery left.
“Grandpa, where have all the trees gone？” asked Sami.
“People have cut them down for wood, to be used for fuel and furniture，” replied Grandpa.
“There will be no more trees then. Where will the birds perch (栖息) and the squirrels play？”
“Let us hope that that day never comes，” sighed Grandpa.
Grandpa's house was different. He never allowed his trees to be cut. He liked each palm tree in his courtyard. He also admired the two big trees near the front door. He called one of them Petu, and the other, Beta. They gave the sweetest juiciest coconuts which he always enjoyed sharing with Sami.
One night, Sami was awakened by a strange sound. He tossed and turned in bed. Suddenly, the ground shook as if the earth was splitting (裂开). He sat up straight and then ran to Grandpa, “It's an earthquake”. Grandpa cried out. They ran outside the house where they thought it would be safer.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
In fact, the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring (咆哮)． A few minutes later, the waves went back and the sea calmed down.
段落 伏笔
Para. 1－2 伏笔句：At the seaside stood thick__and__tall__palm__(棕榈)__trees with green coconuts hanging from them. People had__cut__down__many__palm__trees and there was hardly any greenery left. 关键信息词：thick and tall palm (棕榈) trees; hardly__any__greenery__left
Para. 3－6 伏笔句：“People have cut them down for wood, to be used for fuel and furniture，” replied Grandpa. “Let us hope that that day never comes，” sighed Grandpa. 关键信息词：for__fuel__and__furniture;__sighed
Para. 7－8 伏笔句：He never allowed his__trees__to__be__cut． He also admired the two big trees near the front door. They ran outside the house where they thought__it__would__be__safer． 关键信息词：the__two__big__trees
In fact, the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring (咆哮).
问题链1：
1．What__might__happen__next __
2．Was Sami with Grandpa at that time
A few minutes later, the waves went back and the sea calmed down.
问题链2：
1．What did Sami and Grandpa do after the sea calmed down
2．What__saved__Grandpa__and__Sami__in__the__end
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sami (萨米)到达爷爷的村子时，惊讶地发现曾经茂密的棕榈树已经被人们砍伐去做木材等，鸟和松鼠也没有栖息地了。一天晚上，他们以为地震了，实际是大海在咆哮。爷爷和Sami会遇到什么危险？是什么帮助他们脱了险？
[精彩范文]
In fact, the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring (咆哮). Huge waves from the sea came crashing towards the village.They swallowed Sami and Grandpa, separated them away, and then drew back again into the sea, dragging whatever came their way. Grandpa caught hold of Petu and climbed up. He panicked and screamed out to Sami but couldn't see him. “Sami, Sami！” Grandpa cried and wailed. The high waves came with terrifying speed and force. A wave carried him round and round. Finally he was thrown on top of a big coconut palm.
A few minutes later, the waves went back and the sea calmed down. Sami hung onto the coconut tree. He could hear the cries and the sighs of people in pain. He slowly came down the tree, very frightened. He began to call out, “Grandpa, Grandpa！” as loudly as he could. Looking around, he saw a gray, old lonely man hanging onto the tree. He went closer. It was Petu, the coconut tree, and Grandpa was on its top. He helped Grandpa get off carefully. Looking at the tree, Sami and Grandpa couldn't help hugging it with tears of gratitude.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1. 2. 3.
1(共85张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
Section Ⅲ Using Language
课前预习 效果检测
合作探究 精研重点
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
学习效果 当堂巩固
3
课后课时作业
４
课前预习 效果检测
一 阅读单词(7个)
写出英语单词
1．________ n. 贫穷；贫困
2．________ adj. 有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的
3．________ n. 杀虫剂；除害药物
4．________ n. 细菌
5．________ n. 矿物；矿物质
6．________ n. 食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货
7．________ n. 一批；一组 vt. 分批处理
poverty
organic
pesticide
bacterium
mineral
grocery
batch
二 核心单词(6个)
A．写出英语单词
1．________ vt. 减轻；缓解
2．___________ adj. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的
3．________ vt.& vi. 消化 vt. 领会；领悟 n. 摘要；文摘
4．________ adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的
5．________ n. 例子；实例；事例
6．________ n. 根；根茎；根部；根源
alleviate
widespread
digest
essential
instance
root
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(柯林斯词典)They learn well but seem to need time to ________ information.
2．(中国日报)Sustainable cooperation must take ________ between Africa and China in order to flourish.
3．(朗文当代)It is ________ that our pilots are given the best possible training.
4．(柯林斯词典)There is __________ support for the new proposals.
digest
root
essential
widespread
三 拓展单词(3个)
A．写出英语单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．_________ n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的→____________ adv. 或者→________ v. 轮流，交替 adj. 轮流的，交替的
2．________ n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→________ adj. 深的 adv. 深深地→________ v. 加深；变深
3．________ adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地→________ adj. 全部的，完全的
alternative
alternatively
alternate
depth
deep
deepen
entirely
entire
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(牛津高阶)I'm not ________ happy about the proposal.
2．(剑桥高阶)There are very few fish at ________ below 3，000 metres.
3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in ________ treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.
entirely
depths
alternative
四 重点短语(2个)
A．写出英语短语
1．____________ 相应地；转而；依次；轮流
2．____________ 例如；比如
B．用上面的短语填空，使句意完整
1．(柯林斯词典)There are a number of improvements; ____________， both mouse buttons can now be used.
2．(柯林斯词典)There were cheers for each of the women as they spoke ____________．
in turn
for instance
for instance
in turn
合作探究 精研重点
1 essential adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的(教材P55)
归纳
①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.
在黑暗中行走时，手电筒和合适的衣物是必不可少的。
②(牛津高阶)It is essential to keep the two groups separate.
必须将这两个组分开。
③(牛津高阶)It is essential that you (should) attend all the meetings.
你务必要参加所有的会议。
④(剑桥高阶)The essence of his argument was that education should continue throughout life.
他的论点的实质是教育应该贯穿一生。
【运用】单句语法填空
①But it's essential _____ you pick yourself up and move on.
②Tidiness in the workshop is really essential ______ producing good work.
③It's essential _______ (be) open to new opportunities when they come your way.
【输出】翻译
④Speed is of the essence in dealing with an emergency.
_______________________________________________________
that
for
to be
在处理紧急事件时，速度是非常重要的。
2 alternative n. 可供选择的事物
adj. 可供替代的；非传统的(教材P55)
归纳
助记
①(柯林斯词典)Do you have an alternative solution to the problem
你有没有别的办法来解决这个问题？
②(剑桥高阶)I'm afraid I have no alternative but to ask you to leave.
恐怕我别无选择，只能请你离开。
③(牛津高阶)We could take the train or alternatively go by car.
我们可以坐火车去，也可以坐汽车去。
【运用】单句语法填空
①_____________ (alternative), you can transfer money via a French bank in London.
②We see no alternative but __________ (change) the logo design.
③Public transport serves as an economic alternative ____ cars.
【输出】翻译
④实在不得已，她只好请几天假。
_______________________________________________________
Alternatively
to change
to
She had no alternative but to ask for a few days' leave.
3 depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)(教材P56)
归纳
助记
①(朗文当代)Plant the beans at a depth of about six inches.
把豆子种在大约六英寸深的地方。
②(牛津高阶)I haven't looked at the report in depth yet.
我还没有深入研究这份报告。
③(2024·全国甲卷)There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross－legged underwater and hold their breath while they watched all action going on around them.
在那里，他们会穿过深水，盘腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看着周围发生的一切。
④(柯林斯词典)As we drew nearer to it the water gradually deepened.
我们靠近它时，水渐渐深了起来。
【运用】单句语法填空
①They studied _____ depth the situation at home and abroad.
②Water was found at _____ depth of 30 metres.
【输出】翻译
③There were plans to deepen a stretch of the river.
___________________________________________________
④The child is being taught subjects that are beyond his depth.
_________________________________________________________
in
a
曾经有过加深一段河道的计划。
现在教给这个孩子的学科都过于深奥。
1 in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流(教材P55)
归纳
①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people.
我把我的作品发布在社交媒体上，相应地，我也遇到了一些最善良的人。
②(牛津高阶)The book is, by turns, funny and very sad.
这部书时而妙趣横生，时而悲悲戚戚。
③(朗文当代)Dan and I usually take turns to cook.
丹和我通常轮流做饭。
④(牛津高阶)I think it's our turn to drive the kids to school this week.
我想这周轮到我们开车送孩子们上学了。
【运用】单句语法填空
①They are ______ turns hopeful and frightened about the future.
②Ted and I took turns ______ (go) into hospital and sit with Emma.
③Each of us ______ turn had to describe how alcohol had affected our lives.
【输出】翻译
④孩子们逐一自报姓名。
_________________________________________________________________
⑤轮到你做自我介绍了。
_______________________________________________________________
by
to go
in
The children called out their names in turn.
It's your turn to make a self introduction.
2 for instance 例如；比如(教材P56)
归纳
①(2024·全国甲卷)For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.
例如，几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音，它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑任何危险的动物或寻找庇护。
②(牛津高阶)Some cautions must be mentioned—for example, good tools are essential to do the job well.
有些警告一定得说，如：工欲善其事，必先利其器。
③(2023·全国乙卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide.
也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过清除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。
【运用】单句语法填空
①Organizations such ___ schools and clubs bind a community together.
②Malcolm, _____ instance, works in isolation but I have no doubts about his abilities.
【输出】翻译
③Those who were self－disciplined, for instance, were likely to live to be very old.
___________________________________________
④There is a similar word in many languages, for example in French and Italian.
_____________________________________________
as
for
比方说，那些自律的人有可能活到很老。
许多语言，譬如法语和意大利语，都有相似的词。
[教材原句P56]What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求。
剖析 that引导同位语从句，用来解释说明the fact的具体内容。
归纳 同位语从句：
(1)在主从复合句中，在句中作某一名词尤其是抽象名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容的从句叫同位语从句。
(2)能跟同位语从句的名词一般是fact, news, idea, view, truth, hope, problem, information, wish, promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词。
(3)名词suggestion, wish, order, demand, command, request, desire, proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
(4)在肯定句中，名词doubt后的同位语从句用whether引导；在否定句或疑问句中，doubt后的同位语从句用that引导。
①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same.
这种效应利用了这样一个事实：当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。
②(牛津高阶)He agreed with my suggestion that we (should) change the date.
他同意我提出的更改日期的建议。
③(柯林斯词典)There was no doubt that the news of Tandy's escape had shaken them all.
毫无疑问，坦迪逃跑的消息震惊了他们所有人。
①(牛津高阶)She had to face the fact that her life had changed forever.
她得正视她的生活已永远改变了这一事实。(同位语从句)
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.
像我们大多数人一样，我尽量关注那些被浪费的食物。(定语从句)
易混辨析：同位语从句与定语从句的区别 从句性质 引导词
同位语从句 名词性从句 引导词在从句中不作成分
定语从句 形容词性从句 引导词在从句中可作主语、宾语、定语、状语等
【运用】单句语法填空
①He gave orders that the work _____________________ (start) immediately.
②I have some doubt _______ she will come on time.
③There can be little doubt _______ this kind of class can help the gifted children to graduate earlier.
④No one can deny the fact ______ fire burns.
【输出】翻译
⑤听到他要回来这个消息我们非常高兴。
___________________________________________________
⑥他不知道会议什么时候举行。
_______________________________________________________
(should) be started
whether
that
that
We are glad at the news that he will come back.
He has no idea when the meeting will be held.
CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING
化学耕作和有机耕作
Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century.
自20世纪中期以来，化学农药和人工化肥在耕作中得到了广泛使用。
When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production.
当它们第一次被引进时，许多农民欢迎它们，认为这是一种对抗作物病害和增加产量的好方法。
Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long term use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health.
然而，随着时间的推移，一些科学家发现，长期使用它们有时会损害土地和人们的健康。
难句分析
①what some scientists have found是_______从句，而that their long－term ... health是_______从句，引导词that _______语义，也不作任何______，但不可省略。
主语
表语
没有
成分
For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones.
例如，农药不仅可以杀死有害的细菌和昆虫，还会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，最终破坏土地。
In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time.
此外，这些化学物质可以在土壤和地下水源中长期存在。
This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them.
这会影响生长在土地上的作物，进而影响消化它们的动物和人类。
Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer.
许多人担心这些化学物质会使他们生病，甚至致癌。
难句分析
②that引导_____从句，and连接两个并列结构，____________和_____________并列。
宾语
make them ill
cause cancer
In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment.
事实上，因为它们对人类和环境造成的破坏，像DDT这样的杀虫剂在大多数国家已经被禁止了。
As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.
至于化肥，用它们种植的作物通常生长得太快而无法保有丰富的营养。
They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
它们可能外表看起来很漂亮，但里面通常有更多的水，而不是必要的矿物质，而且它们的味道通常也更差。
难句分析
③like DDT是介词短语作pesticides的_____________；in most countries是______状语； because of ... the environment是______状语； they cause to people and the environment是______从句，修饰先行词the damage。
后置定语
地点
原因
定语
As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.
作为替代方案，一些农民转向有机耕作，许多顾客在当地杂货店购物时转向有机食品。
Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.
有机耕作就是不使用任何化学物质的耕作。
Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means.
有机耕作的农民注重通过自然的方式保持土壤的肥沃和免受病害。
For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser.
例如，许多有机耕作的农民会使用来自动物的天然废物作为肥料。
This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals.
这使得他们地里的土壤更富含矿物质。
It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.
它还会使空气、土壤、水和农作物不含化学物质。
难句分析
④makes the soil ... richer为“make＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，其中the soil为______，richer为______。
宾语
宾补
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil.
有机耕作的农民也使用许多其他方法使土壤肥沃。
They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year.
他们经常每年改变每一块地种植的作物种类。
For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next.
例如，他们可能第一年在一块地里种玉米或小麦，然后第二年在那里种豆子。
Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops.
为什么要种植不同的作物，是因为它们把重要的矿物质放回土地里，使土地为下一批作物做好准备。
难句分析
⑤Why different crops are grown是_____从句； that ... crops是_____从句；现在分词短语making it ready for the next batch of crops作_______状语。
主语
表语
结果
Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich.
有机耕作的农民也通过利用不同深度的土壤种植不同的农作物，来保持它的肥沃。
For example, peanuts grow on the ground's surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots.
例如，花生在土地表面生长，但许多其他蔬菜则扎根深处。
The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people's health.
使用不同的有机耕作方式的目的是种出好的食物，同时避免对环境或人们的健康造成损害。
难句分析
⑥that use different depths ... keep it rich为that引导的_____从句，to help keep it rich为动词不定式短语作________，keep it rich为“keep＋宾语＋_______”结构。
定语
目的状语
宾补
Some people would prefer to stop the use of man made chemicals in agriculture entirely.
有些人宁愿完全停止在农业中使用人造化学品。
What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求。
Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need.
有机耕作远远不能满足这种需求。
Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
因此，要找到一个合适的解决方案，使餐桌上有足够的食物，同时保持人们和环境的健康，还有很长的路要走。
难句分析
⑦there be句型，是_____结构，其中 to find a suitable solution是动词不定式作__________，修饰a long way; that puts sufficient food on the dinner table是______从句，修饰solution; while keeping ... as healthy as possible作_______状语。
倒装
后置定语
定语
时间
学习效果 当堂巩固
Ⅰ.根据语境及首字母提示完成句子
1．It would provide hundreds of millions of dollars for research into a________ energy sources.
2．Nowadays, a great deal can be done to a________ back pain.
3．The plan received w________ support throughout the country.
4．Bad housing, debt and p________ are interconnected.
5．A balanced diet can provide enough n________ for your body.
lternative
lleviate
idespread
overty
utrition
6．You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to d________．
7．Those plant r________ also help hold the soil against wind and water.
8．You can find certified organic food at most g________ stores.
9．Even in a small office, computers are an e________ tool.
10．The m________ in the water made it pleasant to drink.
igest
oots
rocery
ssential
inerals
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It is always important to choose enjoyable, ________ (nutrition) foods.
2．The ________ (bacterium) were growing in a sugar medium.
3．We had to look after him ________ turn.
4．The report is based ________ (entire) on imagination.
5．They dug down to a ________ (deep) of two metres.
nutritious
bacteria
in
entirely
depth
6．______________ (alternative) there will be a bus going there at 1：30 pm.
7．This fruit also has lots of fiber to aid ________ (digest)．
8．They don't want their kids to participate but find it hard to keep them ________ going.
9．The high quality ________ (mine) water has passed the state－level test.
10．City planning treats the city as a unit, as an ________ (organ) whole.
Alternatively
digestion
from
mineral
organic
for instance; be essential for; in turn; at a depth of; alternative to
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Sports suits and shoes ______________ most outdoor activities.
2．WeChat was quickly gaining popularity as a free ___________ text messaging.
3．You cannot rely on Sally; ____________， she arrived an hour late for an important meeting yesterday.
4．You can rarely encounter such creatures alive, because they live ____________ six hundred feet in the ocean.
5．And your feelings will ____________ have a great influence on your action.
are essential for
alternative to
for instance
at a depth of
in turn
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我家现在都接受了我不吃羊肉这件事。
My family now accepts ________________ I don't eat mutton.
2．他们的成就已经深入分析过了，无需再议。
Their achievements have already been analysed __________ and do not require further discussion.
3．那些中青年员工们都普遍支持他。
There was ________________ for him among the young and mid－aged ones.
4．不是每个人都可以解析和消化他们得到的公共信息的。
Not everyone can analyse and ____________________________ they receive.
5．万般无奈，我只得自己想办法了。
I __________________________ think of a way out by myself.
the fact that
in depth
widespread support
digest the public information
had no alternative but to
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比70%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ 完形填空
I come from a long line of farmers. When my parents moved to Wisconsin, farming allowed them to __1__ back to Laos, to the culture, and the land. Wisconsin's cornfields __2__ the rice fields of Laos. But for me as a child, farming was just a __3__. I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans. My mom __4__ me a big basket and it was my __5__ to fill it. That was how I spent my summer vacation __6__ my friends were either at camp or doing other fun activities.
I didn't __7__ how farming brought hope to my parents until I was an adult. I am a __8__ removed from Laos and I have found that farming allows me to __9__ my parents' story. It allows me to see a little bit into their story. What I've __10__ from my mom is that you can grow just about anything. My mom wants to start growing __11__ like she did back in Laos. With a snowy climate, it is something I never thought __12__ here. To me, this shows resilience (适应力). Maybe it __13__ and maybe it doesn't. But there is __14__ in that.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候不知道耕种对父母的意义，直到长大后才理解耕种给父母带来的希望。
As a kid, I hated doing farm work and I never thought that someday I would say that I kind of __15__ putting my feet in the mud and weeding (除草) the corn.
1．A.connect B．head
C．retire D．report
2．A.changed B．covered
C．replaced D．affected
解析：connect 联系；head 朝着……前进；retire 退休；report 报道。根据上文“I come from a long line of farmers.”可知，作者来自农耕家庭，所以当他们搬到威斯康星州后，农业可以让他们与老挝产生联系。故选A。
解析：句意：威斯康星州的玉米田代替了老挝的稻田。change 改变；cover 覆盖；replace 代替；affect 影响。故选C。
3．A.dream B．game
C．chore D．mystery
4．A.sold B．gave
C．sent D．lent
解析： dream 梦想；game 游戏；chore 家务；mystery 神秘的事物。根据下文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，农活是作者被分配的家务。故选C。
解析： sell 出售；give 给；send 发送；lend 借出。根据上文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，母亲给作者分配了农活任务，给作者一个篮子让其帮助做农活。故选B。
5．A.intention B．opportunity
C．choice D．job
6．A.while B．if
C．since D．until
解析： intention 目的；opportunity 机会；choice 选择；job 工作。根据上文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，作者被安排了农活，因此把篮子装满是作者的工作。故选D。
解析：句意：这就是我如何度过我的暑假，而我的朋友不是在夏令营就是在做其他有趣的活动。前后句意存在对比关系，应用while连接并列句。故选A。
7．A.regret B．monitor
C．appreciate D．complain
8．A.generation B．graduate
C．professional D．beginner
解析：句意：直到成年后，我才理解农业如何给我的父母带来希望的。regret 后悔；monitor 监测；appreciate 理解；complain 抱怨。故选C。
解析：句意：我是来自老挝的一代人，我发现农业使我能够了解父母的故事。generation 一代；graduate 毕业生；professional 专业人士；beginner 初学者。故选A。
9．A.give away B．make up
C．act out D．relate to
10．A.expected B．learned
C．chosen D．demanded
解析： give away 泄露；make up 弥补 ；act out 表演；relate to 了解，体恤。根据下文“It allows me to see a little bit into their story.”可知，农业能让作者了解父母生活的故事。故选D。
解析:expect 期望；learn 学习；choose 选择；demand 要求。根据下文“is that you can grow just about anything”可知，此处指从母亲那里学到的东西。故选B。
11．A.corn B．rice
C．beans D．flowers
12．A.flexible B．necessary
C．legal D．possible
解析：corn 谷物；rice 水稻；bean 豆子；flower 花。根据上文“Wisconsin's cornfields __2__ the rice fields of Laos.”可知，他们在老挝种植的是水稻。故选B。
解析：flexible 柔韧的；necessary 必要的；legal 合法的；possible 可能的。根据下文“To me, this shows resilience (适应力)．”可知，两地气候不同，母亲想要在威斯康星州种植水稻，作者从未想过有这个可能。故选D。
13．A.improves B．revives
C．works D．exists
14．A.confusion B．permission
C．balance D．hope
解析： improve 改善；revive 复活；work 起作用；exist 存在。根据下文“But there is __14__ in that.”可知，种下去就代表有希望，可能成功也可能不成功。故选C。
解析： confusion 困惑；permission 许可；balance 平衡；hope 希望。根据上文“I didn't __7__ how farming brought hope to my parents until I was an adult.”可知，耕种给父母带来希望。故选D。
15．A.miss B．risk
C．delay D．escape
解析：句意：小时候，我讨厌做农活，我从来没有想过有一天我会说我有点想念站在泥地里除草(的日子)。miss 想念；risk 冒险；delay 推迟；escape 逃离。故选A。
Ⅱ 阅读
Italy has recently been selling hundreds of old homes incredibly cheap, thanks to plans that have led to the rebuilding of local communities.
Scottish businessman Cesidio Di Ciacca bought a whole village. He has just finished renewing Borgo I Ciacca, a rural village dating back to the 1500s and historically named after his family.
“At the turn of the 20th century my grandparents left the village in search of a better future，” Di Ciacca said. “They moved to Scotland, leaving behind their home.” Inspired by nostalgia (怀旧) for his ancestors' land, Di Ciacca decided to return to breathe new life into the village and rebuild the local economy.
Di Ciacca needed to acquire the entire village to begin repair work. So the first step was to track down all 140 owners of the 30 hectare village property—a long and complicated process made more difficult by the fact that emigration (移民) had spread them across the world.
“It all started off as a hobby. Then I realized I needed to make this dream of mine into a sustainable business，” said Di Ciacca. “When my daughter Sofia decided to leave her corporate job and take care of the vineyards, I turned the village into a rural farm producing honey, jams, wine, and extra virgin olive oil, and launching eco conscious activities.”
The 2，500 square meter village now hosts a small cultural center and conference room for meetings. There's also a canteen with wine tasting spots and a kitchen for cooking lessons. Bucolic marathons are held in spring, with people running up and down the vineyards and then relaxing at the little square where villagers once met to chat in the evenings after working in the fields.
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了苏格兰商人Cesidio Di Ciacca买下了Borgo I Ciacca整个村庄，并将其改造为乡村农场。
“I want this village to be an important center for all Italian Scottish people abroad who want to return and reconnect with their origins, and maybe even help their native country by launching activities and opportunities for growth，” Di Ciacca said.
1．What drove Di Ciacca to rebuild the village
A．The potential for profit.
B．His grandparents' wishes.
C．Curiosity about local lands.
D．Love for his ancestors' origins.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Inspired by nostalgia (怀旧) ... the local economy.(出于对祖先故土的怀念，Di Ciacca决定回到村庄，为村庄注入新的活力，重建当地经济。)”可知，对祖先故土的热爱驱使Di Ciacca重建Borgo I Ciacca村。故选D。
2．Why was it hard to find the village's original owners
A．They had moved to different places.
B．Many had passed away years ago.
C．They were unwilling to sell their shares.
D．They had refused to return to the village.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“So the first step ... across the world.(因此，第一步是追查这处30公顷村庄房产的所有140名业主——这是一个漫长而复杂的过程，由于移民，他们已分散到世界各地，这一过程变得更加困难。)”可推知，这个村庄原来的业主搬到了不同的地方，所以很难找到他们。故选A。
3．What activities can people do in Borgo I Ciacca now
A．Barbecue in the fields.
B．Host agricultural meetings.
C．Feed animals on the farm.
D．Pick grapes in the vineyards.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The 2，500 square meter village now hosts ... conference room for meetings.(这个2，500平方米的村庄现在拥有一个小型文化中心和会议室。)”可知，现在人们可以在Borgo I Ciacca举办农业会议。故选B。
4．What can be inferred from Di Ciacca's words in the last paragraph
A．He needs fund for further repair work.
B．He thinks the village is a profitable cause.
C．He wants to help others of Italian origins.
D．He plans to make his village a famous resort.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I want this village ... opportunities for growth (我希望这个村庄成为所有海外意大利苏格兰人的重要中心，他们希望回国并重新与他们的祖国联系起来，甚至可能通过开展活动和发展机会来帮助他们的祖国)”可推知，Di Ciacca想帮助其他意大利血统的人。故选C。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
五一劳动节(Labor Day)期间，你和同学们参观了“阳光农场”。请你为校报写一篇英文报道，内容包括：
1．农场情况；
2．体验劳动；
3．个人感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Day on Sunshine Farm
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
精彩范文
My Day on Sunshine Farm
During Labor Day my classmates and I paid a visit to Sunshine Farm, which is about 2 kilometers away from our school. When we arrived at the farm, we saw all kinds of animals, green fresh vegetables and fruit trees. We were divided into two groups. When one group was responsible for picking fruits, the other packed them up. Time flying quickly, the activity was over. But it was a meaningful day, and I learnt a lot from it. Through this experience, I know how hard farmers are and how precious food is. We should treasure the food planted by farmers.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ten－year－old Sami loved to visit his grandpa's house in Puthur in Tamil Nadu, which was near the beautiful blue sea. At the seaside stood thick and tall palm (棕榈) trees with green coconuts hanging from them. When the coconuts fell down, the children would break them open and drink the coconut water. Sami liked to play with the rabbits and squirrels jumping about in the trees and bushes. He also liked fishing in the link ponds with his friends. It was always great fun to spend the holidays at Grandpa's place.
读后续写
This winter vacation, Sami was surprised when he came to his grandpa's village. There were hardly any trees left. What lay at the water's edge (边缘) were only rocks and mud. He saw houses built near the sea. Logs (木材), branches of trees and stones lay around. People had cut down many palm trees and there was hardly any greenery left.
“Grandpa, where have all the trees gone？” asked Sami.
“People have cut them down for wood, to be used for fuel and furniture，” replied Grandpa.
“There will be no more trees then. Where will the birds perch (栖息) and the squirrels play？”
“Let us hope that that day never comes，” sighed Grandpa.
Grandpa's house was different. He never allowed his trees to be cut. He liked each palm tree in his courtyard. He also admired the two big trees near the front door. He called one of them Petu, and the other, Beta. They gave the sweetest juiciest coconuts which he always enjoyed sharing with Sami.
One night, Sami was awakened by a strange sound. He tossed and turned in bed. Suddenly, the ground shook as if the earth was splitting (裂开). He sat up straight and then ran to Grandpa, “It's an earthquake”. Grandpa cried out. They ran outside the house where they thought it would be safer.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
In fact, the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring (咆哮)．﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
A few minutes later, the waves went back and the sea calmed down. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
段落 伏笔
Para. 1－2 伏笔句：At the seaside stood ______________________________ with green coconuts hanging from them.
People ___________________________ and there was hardly any greenery left.
关键信息词：thick and tall palm (棕榈) trees; ___________________________
thick and tall palm (棕榈) trees
had cut down many palm trees
hardly any greenery left
Para. 3－6 伏笔句：“People have cut them down for wood, to be used for fuel and furniture，” replied Grandpa.
“Let us hope that that day never comes，” sighed Grandpa.
关键信息词：_____________________ sighed
Para. 7－8 伏笔句：He never allowed ___________________．
He also admired the two big trees near the front door.
They ran outside the house where they _____________________________．
关键信息词：________________________________
for fuel and furniture;
his trees to be cut
thought it would be safer
the two big trees
In fact, the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring (咆哮).
问题链1：
1．____________________________________
2．Was Sami with Grandpa at that time
A few minutes later, the waves went back and the sea calmed down.
问题链2：
1．What did Sami and Grandpa do after the sea calmed down
2．___________________________________________
What might happen next
What saved Grandpa and Sami in the end
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sami (萨米)到达爷爷的村子时，惊讶地发现曾经茂密的棕榈树已经被人们砍伐去做木材等，鸟和松鼠也没有栖息地了。一天晚上，他们以为地震了，实际是大海在咆哮。爷爷和Sami会遇到什么危险？是什么帮助他们脱了险？
精彩范文
In fact, the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring (咆哮). Huge waves from the sea came crashing towards the village.They swallowed Sami and Grandpa, separated them away, and then drew back again into the sea, dragging whatever came their way. Grandpa caught hold of Petu and climbed up. He panicked and screamed out to Sami but couldn't see him. “Sami, Sami！” Grandpa cried and wailed. The high waves came with terrifying speed and force. A wave carried him round and round. Finally he was thrown on top of a big coconut palm.
A few minutes later, the waves went back and the sea calmed down. Sami hung onto the coconut tree. He could hear the cries and the sighs of people in pain. He slowly came down the tree, very frightened. He began to call out, “Grandpa, Grandpa！” as loudly as he could. Looking around, he saw a gray, old lonely man hanging onto the tree. He went closer. It was Petu, the coconut tree, and Grandpa was on its top. He helped Grandpa get off carefully. Looking at the tree, Sami and Grandpa couldn't help hugging it with tears of gratitude.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1.
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