Period 4 单元语法讲练(Using language)
1．indicate v．表明，显示
(1)indicate sth．to sb． 向某人表明某事
indicate that... 表明……，显示……
as is indicated in... 正如……中显示
(2)indication n． 表明，显示，迹象
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①These figures indicate __ me that the originally super company is in serious trouble．
②There is a great deal of evidence to indicate ____ music activities lift our spirits．
③正如图表所示，人们的教育程度越高，收入便越高。
____________________________，the higher one's education is，the higher his income will be．
2．request n．& v．请求，要求
(1)make a request for 要求得到……
at the request of 应……的请求
(2)request sb．to do sth． 请求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth． 请求……做某事
It is requested that...(should) do sth． 要求……做某事
[名师点津] 在request后的名词性从句中要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①Don't respond to any e-mails __________ (request) personal information，no matter how official they look．
②He participated in the relay race __ the request of his teachers and classmates．
③包括学生和老师在内的所有人都被要求准时听讲座。
a．All people including students and teachers ____________________ on time．
b．It is requested that all people including students and teachers __________________ on time．
3．fancy adj．花哨的，别致的 v．喜欢，想要，想象 n．喜爱；幻想
(1)fancy doing sth． 想要做某事
fancy sb．as/to be 把某人想象成……
fancy sb．to do sth． 认为某人做某事
(2)have a fancy for 热衷于
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I fancy ______ (take) part in the sports meeting，but I have to prepare for the coming examination．
②He has a fancy ___ some wine with his dinner．
③我无法想象他会是一位英语教师。
I can't __________________ an English teacher．
4．attract v．吸引，引起……的兴趣
(1)attract sb．to... 把某人吸引到……
attract sb．'s attention 吸引某人的注意
(2)attraction n． 吸引(力); 具有吸引力的事物/人
a tourist attraction 一个旅游景点
(3)attractive adj． 有吸引力的；引起兴趣的
be attractive to 对……有吸引力
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①What attracts me __ the job most is the chance to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners．
②The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist __________ (attract) that a lot of people pour in every day．
③从儿时起我就发现，没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力。
Since my childhood I have found that _______________________________．
5．competition n．比赛，竞赛
(1)in competition with 与……竞争
(2)compete v． 参加比赛，竞争
compete in 参加……比赛
compete with/against 与……竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
(3)competitor n． 竞争者；对手
competitive adj． 竞争的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The day of the ___________ (compete) was near，so Jenny and Carl were getting more and more nervous．
②It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a ___________(compete)and stressful society．
③几家公司为这份合同互相竞争。
a．Several companies are _______________________ the contract．(competition)
b．Several companies are _______________________ the contract．(compete)
6．occasion n．场合，时刻
(1)on occasion 有时；偶尔
on one occasion 有一次
on no occasion 绝不(位于句首用部分倒装)
on the occasion of 在……的时候；在……之际
(2)occasional adj． 有时的；偶尔的
occasionally adv． 有时；偶尔
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①__ one occasion，she called me in the middle of the night．
②There will be __________(occasion)showers during the day．
③We don't meet often; we only see each other ____________ (occasion)．
④在学校建校50周年之际将有一个庆祝活动。
There will be a celebration __________________ the school's 50th anniversary．
P22
1．at a fancy dress party 在一个化装舞会上
2．put up all the balloons 把所有的气球都挂起来
3．be dressed as 穿得像……
4．wave at us 向我们招手
5．have big sales 大甩卖
P23
1．Lantern Festival celebrations 元宵节庆祝活动
2．to celebrate the festival 为了庆祝这个节日
3．rice balls 汤圆
4．the lantern fair 灯会
5．the traffic police 交警
6．a red envelope 红包
7．decorate our windows with 用……装饰我们的窗子
8．hold a lantern riddles competition 举行猜灯谜比赛
P24
1．be answered in writing 以书面形式回复
2．arrive on time 准时到达
3．accept the invitation 接受邀请
4．depend on regional customs 根据地区习惯
5．go shopping together 一起去购物
P25
1．all the side dishes 所有的配菜
2．pay special attention to 特别注意
情态动词(2)
一、may/might
1．表示请求、许可。在疑问句中用might比may的语气更委婉。
—May/Might I play basketball this afternoon
——今天下午我可以打篮球吗？
—No，you may not．
——不，不行。
2．表示推测，意为“可能、或许”。might比may的语气弱。
We may go to the cinema tonight，but we are not sure yet．
我们今晚或许去看电影，但还未确定。
3．表示祝愿，常用结构为“May＋主语＋动词原形！”
May you be happy every day and succeed in your work!
祝你每天都过得开心且工作顺利！
4．may/might as well表示“不妨”。
There is nothing to do，so I may as well go to bed．
没什么事可做， 我还是上床睡觉好了。
[即时训练1] 完成句子
①生活是不可预料的，甚至最贫穷的可能会变成最富有的。
Life is unpredictable; even the poorest ____________________________．
②当我有不同的观点时，我或许会选择放弃它而尊重大多数人的观点。
When I have a different opinion，I ________________________ and respect the opinion of the majority．
③祝你在新的一年里好运连连！
________________ in the following year!
二、shall/should/ought to
1．shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，征求对方的意见。
Shall I buy some picture books for the children
我要给孩子们买些图画书吗？
2．shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁；此外，当颁布法律、规定时也用shall。
You shall finish your homework first before you go out and play．
你得先做完作业再出去玩。
3．should/ought to都表示劝告和建议，意为“应该”。此时ought to比should的语气要强。
You should/ought to put more effort into your work．
你应该更加努力工作。
4．should/ought to都表示预测可能性，意为“按道理应该会”。
He left Paris in the morning．So he should arrive here by supper time．
他早上离开了巴黎， 因此他晚饭前应该能到这儿。
5．should表示惊讶、意外等情绪，意为“竟然”。
It is strange that such things should happen in our school．
真奇怪，这样的事情竟然在我们学校发生了。
[即时训练2] 完成句子
①我能和你说句话吗？不会花费太长时间的。
_____________________________ It won't take long．
②我们应该记住，保护海洋就是保护我们自己。
We ____________________________ that protecting the ocean is protecting ourselves．
③为了提高空气质量，应该减少使用私家车。
To improve the air quality，the use of private cars __________________________．
④我们学校的一项规定是，每位同学在校期间要穿校服。
One of our rules is that every student _________________________ while at school．
三、will/would/used to
1．will/would表示意愿，可用于各种人称。
We will never give up working，whatever happens．
无论发生什么事，我们都不会放弃工作。
2．will/would表示请求、建议，此时would比will的语气更委婉。
Would you come into the bar and have a drink with me
你愿意进酒吧和我喝一杯吗？
3．will/would表示习惯，意为“总是，习惯于”。与used to相比，would表示过去重复、习惯性的动作；而used to则强调过去与现在的对比。
Last year our English teacher would tell us stories in English after class．
去年我们的英语老师常常课后用英语给我们讲故事。
He used to spend all his money on food and drink; now he lives a simple life．
他过去把钱都花在吃喝上， 现在可节省了。
[即时训练3] 选词填空(will，would，used to)
①If you ____ help us，we shall be very grateful．
②_____ you recommend me a good website for learning English
③I _______ go to work on foot，but now I drive there．
④When he lived in the countryside，he _____ go fishing every day．
四、情态动词＋have done
1．表示对过去的推测
(1)must have done表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测，意为“一定做过某事。”
It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet．
昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
(2)can/could have done用于否定句和疑问句，表示对过去发生的事情的怀疑和不确定，意为“不可能已经……”或“可能已经……了吗？”
He can't have gone to Shanghai，for I saw him a minute ago．
他不可能去了上海， 因为我刚才还看见他了。
(3)may/might have done用于肯定句和否定句，表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测，意为“或许做过某事”或“或许没做过某事”。
He might have said so at the meeting，but I'm not sure．
他或许在会上说过这样的话，但我也说不准。
2．表示后悔、责备或遗憾等情绪
(1)can/could have done用在肯定句中，表示对过去没有实现的可能性的遗憾，意为“本来能做……实际上却未做”。
He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently．
他并不后悔说了所做的事情，但是感觉本来是能够用不同的方式表达出来的。
(2)should/ought to have done表示本该做某事而实际上未做；否定式表示本不必做但却做了。
I was really anxious about you．You shouldn't have left home without a word．
我真为你担心，你本不该不打声招呼就离开家。
(3)needn't have done表示做了本来不必做的事。
We needn't have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner．
我们本来不必买这么多食物的，因为苏西不与我们一起吃饭。
[即时训练4] 完成句子
①你很熟悉这个城市，你一定在这里待了很长时间。
You are very familiar with the city; you _____________________________________．
②他本能够通过这次考试的，可是他太粗心了。
He __________________________，but he was too careless．
③他们不应该走那么早，瞧，经理正在发火。
They ____________________________．Look，the manager is losing his temper．
④你本不必打车来这里的，因为这里离我家很近。
You __________________ a taxi here，for it was near my home．
用适当的情态动词或用括号内单词的适当形式完成短文
I'm sorry to learn that you've failed in the examination．You said you could 1．___________ (pass) it but you were too nervous．But things 2．_________ not be like that．I think the real reason for your failure 3．____ be that you should 4．_________ (make) enough preparations but you didn't get ready．
When an opportunity comes，we 5．______ grasp it tightly．Because once the good opportunity disappears，it will never come back．As a saying goes，practice makes perfect．If you 6．____ concentrate more efforts on your study，you are sure to make it next time．
第二篇课文(Developing ideas)
①insight n．洞悉，了解；洞察力
②choose to do sth．选择做某事
③be keen on 喜爱，对……着迷，热衷于
④editor n．(报纸、杂志的)主编，编辑
⑤eat out 在外就餐
⑥no less than 不少于，多达
⑦embrace v．欣然接受，乐意采纳(新思想、意见等)
⑧admit v．(不情愿地)承认
⑨effort n．力气，精力
⑩clean up 打扫/清理干净
mess n．脏乱，凌乱；麻烦，混乱
have nothing to do with 与……无关
※have something to do with 与……有关
loss n．失去，丧失
occasion n．场合，时刻
eve n．前夕，前一天
※on the eve of 在……的前夕
software n．(计算机)软件
look forward to 期待，盼望
adult n．成人，成年人
get under one's feet 在某人旁边碍手碍脚，妨碍
token n．象征，标志
process n．(为达到某目标的)过程，进程
※in the process of 在……的过程中
retired adj．退休的
Time for a Change
Social Insights①
A family dinner is an important tradition to celebrate Spring Festival．Nowadays，some people choose to have② the dinner in a restaurant，but not everyone is keen on③ this idea[1]．What do our readers think
Dear Editor④，
We have eaten out⑤ for the Spring Festival family dinner for the last three years，and we have enjoyed it no less than⑥ eating at home．I don't understand why some people refuse to embrace⑦ the change[2]．
Can't they admit⑧ that the preparations for the dinner are hard work I really don't think it's worth the effort⑨ of spending so much time preparing for a single meal，and then another hour cleaning up⑩ the mess after it's over．[3] We work all year，so why can't one day be about spending time with family and relaxing
[3]it's worth the effort...over是省略that的宾语从句，其中包含spend time doing sth．结构。
Eating out is a good choice and it has nothing to do with loss of traditions．We still have the dinner with the same people，just in a different place．The occasion is more enjoyable without all that tiring cooking，and the dishes taste better!
In my opinion，what or where we eat on Spring Festival Eve really doesn't matter．[4] Eating out may change the form of this tradition，but the love between the family members sitting around the table together remains the same．
Wang Peng，software engineer
Dear Editor，
For this year's Spring Festival family dinner，my son has booked a table at the best restaurant in town，but I'm a bit unhappy about it．For me，it just won't feel like Spring Festival having the dinner out．[5]
[5]it作形式主语，having the dinner out是真正的主语，Spring Festival作介词like的宾语。
When I was a little boy，the dinner on the eve of Spring Festival was what I looked forward to most．[6] It was not only for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat，but for the opportunity to have our whole family gathered together．[7] I would run around the house，listening to the adults chatting about their year[8]． I'd get under my mother's feet in the kitchen，watching her make dumplings．She'd put tokens in some dumplings: candies for a sweet life and peanuts for a long and healthy one．In the evening，all of us would sit around the table，enjoying the food and being together again．We toasted each other，we laughed，and the simple，homemade dishes tasted more delicious than anything cooked by a top chef．
[6]When引导时间状语从句；what引导表语从句。
[7]句中not only...but...连接了两个表语。第一个表语中that引导定语从句，第二个表语中to have our whole family gathered together为不定式短语作后置定语；have our whole family gathered together是“have sth．done”结构。
[8]listening...为动词-ing形式作伴随状语；chatting在“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构中作宾补。
I hope my children and their children will still value our memories of preparing the dinner together．To me，the process is even more important than the dinner itself．
Liu Yonghui，retired teacher
传统该不该变？
社会洞悉
年夜饭是春节的一项重要传统。如今，有些人选择在饭店吃年夜饭，不过，不是每个人都支持这一想法。读者朋友们，你们怎么看呢？
尊敬的编辑，
最近三年，我家都是在外面吃年夜饭的，和在家吃比起来，在外面吃一样开心。我不理解为什么有些人拒绝接受改变。
难道他们不觉得准备年夜饭很辛苦吗？花这么长时间准备一顿饭，饭后再花一个小时收拾，我真心觉得不值。辛苦一年了，为什么不能用这一天的时间陪陪家人，放松放松呢？
在外面吃年夜饭是个挺好的选择，而且这也谈不上丢弃传统。我们还是和同样的人一起吃饭，只是换了地方而已。不用辛苦地做饭，用餐会更加愉快，而且(饭店的)饭菜味道也更好！
在我看来，除夕夜我们吃什么、在哪里吃，真的不重要。在外面的饭店吃年夜饭可能改变了这个传统的表现形式，但是围坐在餐桌前的家人之间的亲情并没有改变。
王鹏，软件工程师
尊敬的编辑，
今年我儿子在城里最好的饭店订了桌年夜饭，可我不怎么高兴。对我来说，在外面吃年夜饭就不像过年。
小时候，我最期待的就是除夕的年夜饭，不仅可以吃到平时难以吃到的美食，而且全家人能有机会团聚在一起。那时我会在家里跑来跑去，听大人们闲聊他们这一年的情况。我还会缠着在厨房做饭的妈妈，看她包饺子。她会在有些饺子里放一点儿“彩头”：糖果寓意生活甜美，花生代表健康长寿。到了晚上，我们都围坐在餐桌前，享受美食和团圆的乐趣。大家互相敬酒，谈笑风生，简简单单的家常菜吃起来比顶级大厨做的菜都要美味。
我希望我的子孙后代依旧珍视全家人一起做年夜饭的回忆。对我来说，准备的过程甚至比年夜饭本身更重要。
刘永辉，退休教师
Period 4
核心词汇
1．①to ②that ③As is indicated in the graph
2．①requesting ②at ③are requested to attend the lecture；(should) attend the lecture
3．①taking ②for ③fancy him as/to be
4．①to ②attraction ③nothing is more attractive to me than reading
5．①competition ②competitive ③in competition with each other for；competing with/against each other for
6．①On ②occasional ③occasionally ④on the occasion of
词块积累
P22
1．at a fancy dress party 2．put up all the balloons 3．be dressed as 4．wave at us 5．have big sales
P23
1．Lantern Festival celebrations 2．to celebrate the festival 3．rice balls 4．the lantern fair 5．the traffic police 6．a red envelope 7．decorate our windows with 8．hold a lantern riddles competition
P24
1．be answered in writing 2．arrive on time 3．accept the invitation 4．depend on regional customs 5．go shopping together
P25
1．all the side dishes 2．pay special attention to
单元语法
[即时训练1]
①may/might become the richest ②may choose to give it up ③May you be lucky
[即时训练2]
①Shall I have a word with you ②should/ought to keep in mind ③should/ought to be reduced ④shall wear school uniform
[即时训练3]
①will ②Would ③used to ④would
[即时训练4]
①must have stayed here for a long time ②could have passed the exam ③shouldn't have left so early ④needn't have taken
巩固落实
1．have passed 2．may/might 3．must 4．have made 5．should 6．will
1 / 1(共54张PPT)
Period 4
Unit 2 Let's celebrate!
主题语境
人与社会——文化习俗与传统节日
课时学案 单元语法讲练(Using language)
(1)indicate sth．to sb． 向某人表明某事
indicate that... 表明……，显示……
as is indicated in... 正如……中显示
(2)indication n． 表明，显示，迹象
1．indicate v．表明，显示
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①These figures indicate __ me that the originally super company is in serious trouble．
②There is a great deal of evidence to indicate ____ music activities lift our spirits．
③正如图表所示，人们的教育程度越高，收入便越高。
________________________，the higher one's education is，the higher his income will be．
to
that
As is indicated in the graph
(1)make a request for 要求得到……
at the request of 应……的请求
(2)request sb．to do sth． 请求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth． 请求……做某事
It is requested that...(should) do sth．
要求……做某事
2．request n．& v．请求，要求
[名师点津] 在request后的名词性从句中要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①Don't respond to any e-mails __________ (request) personal information，no matter how official they look．
②He participated in the relay race __ the request of his teachers and classmates．
requesting
at
③包括学生和老师在内的所有人都被要求准时听讲座。
a．All people including students and teachers ___________________________ on time．
b．It is requested that all people including students and teachers ______________________ on time．
are requested to attend the
lecture
(should)
attend the lecture
(1)fancy doing sth． 想要做某事
fancy sb．as/to be 把某人想象成……
fancy sb．to do sth． 认为某人做某事
(2)have a fancy for 热衷于
3．fancy adj．花哨的，别致的 v．喜欢，想要，想象 n．喜爱；幻想
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I fancy ______ (take) part in the sports meeting，but I have to prepare for the coming examination．
②He has a fancy ___ some wine with his dinner．
③我无法想象他会是一位英语教师。
I can't ________________ an English teacher．
taking
for
fancy him as/to be
(1)attract sb．to... 把某人吸引到……
attract sb．'s attention 吸引某人的注意
(2)attraction n． 吸引(力); 具有吸引力的事物/人
a tourist attraction 一个旅游景点
(3)attractive adj． 有吸引力的；引起兴趣的
be attractive to 对……有吸引力
4．attract v．吸引，引起……的兴趣
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①What attracts me __ the job most is the chance to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners．
②The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist __________ (attract) that a lot of people pour in every day．
③从儿时起我就发现，没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力。
Since my childhood I have found that _____________________________________________．
to
attraction
nothing is more attractive to me
than reading
(1)in competition with 与……竞争
(2)compete v． 参加比赛，竞争
compete in 参加……比赛
compete with/against 与……竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
(3)competitor n． 竞争者；对手
competitive adj． 竞争的
5．competition n．比赛，竞赛
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The day of the ___________ (compete) was near，so Jenny and Carl were getting more and more nervous．
②It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a ___________(compete)and stressful society．
competition
competitive
③几家公司为这份合同互相竞争。
a．Several companies are ___________________________ the contract.
(competition)
b．Several companies are __________________________________ the contract．(compete)
in competition with each other for
competing with/against each other for
(1)on occasion 有时；偶尔
on one occasion 有一次
on no occasion 绝不(位于句首用部分倒装)
on the occasion of 在……的时候；在……之际
(2)occasional adj． 有时的；偶尔的
occasionally adv． 有时；偶尔
6．occasion n．场合，时刻
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①____ one occasion，she called me in the middle of the night．
②There will be __________(occasion)showers during the day．
③We don't meet often; we only see each other ____________ (occasion)．
④在学校建校50周年之际将有一个庆祝活动。
There will be a celebration __________________ the school's 50th anniversary．
On
occasional
occasionally
on the occasion of
P22
1．at a fancy dress party 在一个化装舞会上
2．put up all the balloons 把所有的气球都挂起来
3．be dressed as 穿得像……
4．wave at us 向我们招手
5．have big sales 大甩卖
P23
1．Lantern Festival celebrations 元宵节庆祝活动
2．to celebrate the festival 为了庆祝这个节日
3．rice balls 汤圆
4．the lantern fair 灯会
5．the traffic police 交警
6．a red envelope 红包
7．decorate our windows with 用……装饰我们的窗子
8．hold a lantern riddles competition 举行猜灯谜比赛
P24
1．be answered in writing 以书面形式回复
2．arrive on time 准时到达
3．accept the invitation 接受邀请
4．depend on regional customs 根据地区习惯
5．go shopping together 一起去购物
P25
1．all the side dishes 所有的配菜
2．pay special attention to 特别注意
情态动词(2)
一、may/might
1．表示请求、许可。在疑问句中用might比may的语气更委婉。
—May/Might I play basketball this afternoon
——今天下午我可以打篮球吗？
—No，you may not．
——不，不行。
2．表示推测，意为“可能、或许”。might比may的语气弱。
We may go to the cinema tonight，but we are not sure yet．
我们今晚或许去看电影，但还未确定。
3．表示祝愿，常用结构为“May＋主语＋动词原形！”
May you be happy every day and succeed in your work!
祝你每天都过得开心且工作顺利！
4．may/might as well表示“不妨”。
There is nothing to do，so I may as well go to bed．
没什么事可做， 我还是上床睡觉好了。
[即时训练1] 完成句子
①生活是不可预料的，甚至最贫穷的可能会变成最富有的。
Life is unpredictable; even the poorest _________________________．
②当我有不同的观点时，我或许会选择放弃它而尊重大多数人的观点。
When I have a different opinion，I ____________________ and respect the opinion of the majority．
③祝你在新的一年里好运连连！
________________ in the following year!
may/might become the richest
may choose to give it up
May you be lucky
二、shall/should/ought to
1．shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，征求对方的意见。
Shall I buy some picture books for the children
我要给孩子们买些图画书吗？
2．shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁；此外，当颁布法律、规定时也用shall。
You shall finish your homework first before you go out and play．
你得先做完作业再出去玩。
3．should/ought to都表示劝告和建议，意为“应该”。此时ought to比should的语气要强。
You should/ought to put more effort into your work．
你应该更加努力工作。
4．should/ought to都表示预测可能性，意为“按道理应该会”。
He left Paris in the morning．So he should arrive here by supper time．
他早上离开了巴黎， 因此他晚饭前应该能到这儿。
5．should表示惊讶、意外等情绪，意为“竟然”。
It is strange that such things should happen in our school．
真奇怪，这样的事情竟然在我们学校发生了。
[即时训练2] 完成句子
①我能和你说句话吗？不会花费太长时间的。
_________________________ It won't take long．
②我们应该记住，保护海洋就是保护我们自己。
We _________________________ that protecting the ocean is protecting ourselves．
Shall I have a word with you
should/ought to keep in mind
③为了提高空气质量，应该减少使用私家车。
To improve the air quality，the use of private cars __________________________．
④我们学校的一项规定是，每位同学在校期间要穿校服。
One of our rules is that every student ______________________ while at school．
should/ought to be
reduced
shall wear school uniform
三、will/would/used to
1．will/would表示意愿，可用于各种人称。
We will never give up working，whatever happens．
无论发生什么事，我们都不会放弃工作。
2．will/would表示请求、建议，此时would比will的语气更委婉。
Would you come into the bar and have a drink with me
你愿意进酒吧和我喝一杯吗？
3．will/would表示习惯，意为“总是，习惯于”。与used to相比，would表示过去重复、习惯性的动作；而used to则强调过去与现在的对比。
Last year our English teacher would tell us stories in English after class．
去年我们的英语老师常常课后用英语给我们讲故事。
He used to spend all his money on food and drink; now he lives a simple life．
他过去把钱都花在吃喝上， 现在可节省了。
[即时训练3] 选词填空(will，would，used to)
①If you ____ help us，we shall be very grateful．
②_______ you recommend me a good website for learning English
③I _______ go to work on foot，but now I drive there．
④When he lived in the countryside，he _____ go fishing every day．
will
Would
used to
would
四、情态动词＋have done
1．表示对过去的推测
(1)must have done表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测，意为“一定做过某事。”
It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet．
昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
(2)can/could have done用于否定句和疑问句，表示对过去发生的事情的怀疑和不确定，意为“不可能已经……”或“可能已经……了吗？”
He can't have gone to Shanghai，for I saw him a minute ago．
他不可能去了上海， 因为我刚才还看见他了。
(3)may/might have done用于肯定句和否定句，表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测，意为“或许做过某事”或“或许没做过某事”。
He might have said so at the meeting，but I'm not sure．
他或许在会上说过这样的话，但我也说不准。
2．表示后悔、责备或遗憾等情绪
(1)can/could have done用在肯定句中，表示对过去没有实现的可能性的遗憾，意为“本来能做……实际上却未做”。
He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently．
他并不后悔说了所做的事情，但是感觉本来是能够用不同的方式表达出来的。
(2)should/ought to have done表示本该做某事而实际上未做；否定式表示本不必做但却做了。
I was really anxious about you．You shouldn't have left home without a word．
我真为你担心，你本不该不打声招呼就离开家。
(3)needn't have done表示做了本来不必做的事。
We needn't have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner．
我们本来不必买这么多食物的，因为苏西不与我们一起吃饭。
[即时训练4] 完成句子
①你很熟悉这个城市，你一定在这里待了很长时间。
You are very familiar with the city; you ________________________________．
②他本能够通过这次考试的，可是他太粗心了。
He _______________________，but he was too careless．
must have stayed here for a long
time
could have passed the exam
③他们不应该走那么早，瞧，经理正在发火。
They _______________________．Look，the manager is losing his temper．
④你本不必打车来这里的，因为这里离我家很近。
You __________________ a taxi here，for it was near my home．
shouldn't have left so early
needn't have taken
用适当的情态动词或用括号内单词的适当形式完成短文
I'm sorry to learn that you've failed in the examination．You said you could 1．___________ (pass) it but you were too nervous．But things 2．_________ not be like that．I think the real reason for your failure 3．____ be that you should 4．_________ (make) enough preparations but you didn't get ready．
have passed
may/might
must
have made
When an opportunity comes，we 5．______ grasp it tightly．Because once the good opportunity disappears，it will never come back．As a saying goes，practice makes perfect．If you 6．____ concentrate more efforts on your study，you are sure to make it next time．
should
will
①insight n．洞悉，了解；洞察力
②choose to do sth．选择做某事
③be keen on 喜爱，对……着迷，热衷于
④editor n．(报纸、杂志的)主编，编辑
⑤eat out 在外就餐
课下预习 第二篇课文(Developing ideas)
⑥no less than 不少于，多达
⑦embrace v．欣然接受，乐意采纳(新思想、意见等)
⑧admit v．(不情愿地)承认
⑨effort n．力气，精力
⑩clean up 打扫/清理干净
mess n．脏乱，凌乱；麻烦，混乱
have nothing to do with 与……无关
※have something to do with 与……有关
loss n．失去，丧失
occasion n．场合，时刻
eve n．前夕，前一天
※on the eve of 在……的前夕
software n．(计算机)软件
look forward to 期待，盼望
adult n．成人，成年人
get under one's feet 在某人旁边碍手碍脚，妨碍
token n．象征，标志
process n．(为达到某目标的)过程，进程
※in the process of 在……的过程中
retired adj．退休的
Social Insights①
A family dinner is an important tradition to celebrate Spring Festival．Nowadays，some people choose to have② the dinner in a restaurant，but not everyone is keen on③ this idea[1]．What do our readers think
Dear Editor④，
We have eaten out⑤ for the Spring Festival family dinner for the last three years，and we have enjoyed it no less than⑥ eating at home．I don't understand why some people refuse to embrace⑦ the change[2]．
Can't they admit⑧ that the preparations for the dinner are hard work I really don't think it's worth the effort⑨ of spending so much time preparing for a single meal，and then another hour cleaning up⑩ the mess after it's over．[3] We work all year，so why can't one day be about spending time with family and relaxing
[3]it's worth the effort...over是省略that的宾语从句，其中包含spend time doing sth．结构。
Eating out is a good choice and it has nothing to do with loss of traditions．We still have the dinner with the same people，just in a different place．The occasion is more enjoyable without all that tiring cooking，and the dishes taste better!
In my opinion，what or where we eat on Spring Festival Eve really doesn't matter．[4] Eating out may change the form of this tradition，but the love between the family members sitting around the table together remains the same．
Wang Peng，software engineer
Dear Editor，
For this year's Spring Festival family dinner，my son has booked a table at the best restaurant in town，but I'm a bit unhappy about it．For me，it just won't feel like Spring Festival having the dinner out．[5]
[5]it作形式主语，having the dinner out是真正的主语，Spring Festival作介词like的宾语。
When I was a little boy，the dinner on the eve of Spring Festival was what I looked forward to most．[6] It was not only for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat，but for the opportunity to have our whole family gathered together．[7] I would run around the house，listening to the adults chatting about their year[8]． I'd get under my mother's feet in the kitchen，watching her make dumplings．She'd put tokens in some dumplings: candies for a sweet life and peanuts for a long and healthy one．In the evening，all of us would sit around the table，enjoying the food and being together again．We toasted each other，we laughed，and the simple，homemade dishes tasted more delicious than anything cooked by a top chef．
[6]When引导时间状语从句；what引导表语从句。
[7]句中not only...but...连接了两个表语。第一个表语中that引导定语从句，第二个表语中to have our whole family gathered together为不定式短语作后置定语；have our whole family gathered together是“have sth．done”结构。
[8]listening...为动词-ing形式作伴随状语；chatting在“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构中作宾补。
I hope my children and their children will still value our memories of preparing the dinner together．To me，the process is even more important than the dinner itself．
Liu Yonghui，retired teacher
传统该不该变？
社会洞悉
年夜饭是春节的一项重要传统。如今，有些人选择在饭店吃年夜饭，不过，不是每个人都支持这一想法。读者朋友们，你们怎么看呢？
尊敬的编辑，
最近三年，我家都是在外面吃年夜饭的，和在家吃比起来，在外面吃一样开心。我不理解为什么有些人拒绝接受改变。
难道他们不觉得准备年夜饭很辛苦吗？花这么长时间准备一顿饭，饭后再花一个小时收拾，我真心觉得不值。辛苦一年了，为什么不能用这一天的时间陪陪家人，放松放松呢？
在外面吃年夜饭是个挺好的选择，而且这也谈不上丢弃传统。我们还是和同样的人一起吃饭，只是换了地方而已。不用辛苦地做饭，用餐会更加愉快，而且(饭店的)饭菜味道也更好！
在我看来，除夕夜我们吃什么、在哪里吃，真的不重要。在外面的饭店吃年夜饭可能改变了这个传统的表现形式，但是围坐在餐桌前的家人之间的亲情并没有改变。
王鹏，软件工程师
尊敬的编辑，
今年我儿子在城里最好的饭店订了桌年夜饭，可我不怎么高兴。对我来说，在外面吃年夜饭就不像过年。
小时候，我最期待的就是除夕的年夜饭，不仅可以吃到平时难以吃到的美食，而且全家人能有机会团聚在一起。那时我会在家里跑来跑去，听大人们闲聊他们这一年的情况。我还会缠着在厨房做饭的妈妈，看她包饺子。她会在有些饺子里放一点儿“彩头”：糖果寓意生活甜美，花生代表健康长寿。到了晚上，我们都围坐在餐桌前，享受美食和团圆的乐趣。大家互相敬酒，谈笑风生，简简单单的家常菜吃起来比顶级大厨做的菜都要美味。
我希望我的子孙后代依旧珍视全家人一起做年夜饭的回忆。对我来说，准备的过程甚至比年夜饭本身更重要。
刘永辉，退休教师
THANKS
