(共70张PPT)
Period 5
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
主题语境
人与社会——戏剧剧本
Read the text and then choose the best answer to each question．
1．What did Henry want to do according to the text
A．He wanted to get some change．
B．He wanted to return the bank note to its owner．
C．He wanted to buy a suit coat．
D．He wanted to throw his worn coat away．
课时练案 课文整体教学(Reading for Writing)
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2．How did the clerks treat Henry at the beginning
A．They treated Henry as politely as they treated others．
B．They looked down upon Henry when they noticed his appearance．
C．They decided to make a suit to his measure．
D．They wanted to serve Henry to earn a lot of money．
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3．When did the clerks and the owner change their attitudes to Henry
A．At the beginning of the story．
B．Before they saw the bank note．
C．At the end of the story．
D．After they saw the bank note．
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4．At the sight of the bank note，the owner and the clerks got very ______________．
A．frightened B．angry
C．worried D．shocked
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1．tailor n．(男装)裁缝 vt．专门制作；定做
①(教材原句)He sees a sign for a tailor's shop． ________
②Her costume got specially tailored，favoring，bright prints．
__________________
n．裁缝
vt．专门制作；定做
2．plot n．故事情节；阴谋；布局；小块土地 v．绘制，密谋，设计情节
①(教材原句)Is the plot clear and exciting enough？ ____________
②First，plot the temperature curve on the graph． ________
③She bought a small plot of land to build a house． ____________
n．故事情节
v．绘制
n．小块土地
3．normal adj．典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的n．常态；通常标准；一般水平
①(教材原句)That's very normal！ ___________
②A normal insect would just run away． ___________
③“Crisis has become the new normal，”he says． ________
adj．正常的
adj．一般的
n．常态
1．(学会断句)Henry is walking along the street/holding the bank note in his hand．
[分析]本句为简单句。句中holding...hand为动词-ing形式作_________。
[翻译]_____________________________________________________
伴随状语
亨利走在街上，手里捏着钞票。
2．(学会断句)Mr． Reid says/you'd better serve him quick/and get him out quick!
[分析]本句为复合句。句中says后you'd...and...quick是宾语从句，省略了引导词____。
[翻译]_____________________________________________________
that
里德先生说让你最好快点把他打发走。
1．(续写佳句)His coat is worn in several places．
他的外套有几处破了。
2．(应用文佳句)Now，you shouldn't judge people by their clothes．
现在，你不应该以貌取人。
(1)hesitate to do sth． 犹豫做某事
hesitate about/over/at... 对……感到犹豫
(2)hesitation n． 犹豫
have no hesitation in doing sth． 毫不犹豫做某事
1．hesitate vi．犹豫；迟疑；顾虑
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①The clerk had no _________ (hesitate) in accepting the invitation．
②Out of everybody's expectation，she didn't hesitate _________ (accept) the job．
③如果你有任何问题，可以毫不犹豫地联系我，以便我可以做出进一步的安排。
hesitation
to accept
a．If you have any questions，________________________________ so that I can make further arrangements．(without hesitation)
b．If you have any questions，__________________________ so that I can make further arrangements．(hesitate to do)
c．If you have any questions，_________________________________
____ so that I can make further arrangements．(have no hesitation in)
you can contact me without hesitation
don't hesitate to contact me
you can have no hesitation in contacting
me
(1)in a...manner＝in the manner of...
以一种……的方式；带着一
副……的样子
in a manner＝in some way＝to a certain extent
在一定程度上
in this manner＝in this way 用这种方式
(2)manners n． 礼貌；礼仪
good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌
table manners 餐桌礼仪
2．manner n．举止；行为方式；方法；[pl．]礼貌；礼仪
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①They spoke to one another __ a very friendly manner．
②It is bad manners __________(disturb) others when they are occupied with their work．
③下课后，我来找他，为我当天早些时候的不礼貌行为道歉。
After the class was dismissed，I came to him to ___________________
________ earlier in the day．
in
to disturb
apologize for my bad
manners
(1)unwilling adj． (反义词)不愿意的；勉强的
be unwilling to do sth． 不愿意做某事
(2)willingly adv． 乐意地
willingness n． 乐意；心甘情愿
3．be willing to do sth．愿意或乐意做某事
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①If you are _______ (will) to fly at night，you can get a much cheaper ticket．
②As long as the motherland needs，I am willing ______ (do) everything for her．
③We were _________ (willing) to send the cats out，nor were we brave enough to annoy Mum by not listening to her．
④如果你愿意在一份关系中重建信任，我们有些方法能帮助你达到这个目的。
If ______________________________________ again，we have some steps you can take to get you there．
willing
to do
unwilling
you are willing to build trust in a relationship
(1)permit sb．(to do) sth． 允许某人(做)某事
permit doing sth． 允许做某事
(2)permission n． 准许；许可；批准；许可证
without permission 未经许可
with one's permission 经某人允许
ask sb．for permission＝ask permission from sb．
请求某人许可
4．permit vt．& vi．允许；准许；使有可能 n．许可证；特许证
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句式升级
①You are not to enter the room _______ permission．
②If time _______ (permit)，we will pay a visit to the local park．
③They don't permit _______ (talk) loudly in the library．
④______________，we will pay a visit to the local park．(把句②改为独立主格结构)
without
permits
talking
Time permitting
(教材P56)Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，as if looking at something he can't believe is there．
接着，他把钞票对折起来，然后又慢慢摊开，好像在看一个他不相信存在的东西。
1．as if 引导的状语从句的省略
[句式分析] 句中as if looking at something为as if引导的状语从句as if he was looking at something的省略形式。
He stood there as if saying something．
他站在那儿好像在说什么。
在when，while，if，though，although，as，until，once，whether，unless，whenever等连接的时间、条件或让步等状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句的主语相同或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词的某种形式时，从句中的主语和be动词常被省略。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句式升级
①When ______ (heat)，ice can be turned into water．
②When they were asked what they needed，they said they wanted to be loved．
→When ____________________，they said they wanted to be loved．(省略句)
③While she was staying in France，she picked up some French．
→While _______________，she picked up some French．(省略句)
④Unless it is necessary，you'd better not refer to the dictionary．
→_______________，you'd better not refer to the dictionary．(省略句)
heated
asked what they needed
staying in France
Unless necessary
(教材P56)I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...
记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
2．never 位于句首的部分倒装
[句式分析] 句中never would I hold为含有否定意义的never位于句首的部分倒装语序，即would放在主语I前面。
Never will you be admitted to your ideal university if you don't work hard．
如果你不发奋努力，你永远不会被你理想的大学录取。
(1)当含有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即：否定词＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语。
(2)这样的词或短语有：
全部否定意义副词：never/not/neither/nor/nowhere
部分否定意义副词：hardly/scarcely/rarely/seldom/little
“绝不”短语：at no time/by no means/in no case/in no way/on no condition/on no account
[即学即练]——完成句子/句式升级
①直到我失业，我才意识到我应该提高我的工作技能。
Not until I lost my job ____________ I should improve my working skills．
②I don't speak English correctly．I am not fluent in English．
→____________________________________________________(部分倒装)
③John and Bernard should in no case give in to their temporary failure in making popcorn．
→__________________________________________________________________________(部分倒装)
did I realise
Neither do I speak English correctly nor am I fluent in English．
In no case should John and Bernard give in to their temporary failure
in making popcorn．
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．___ is often the case，beauty is in the eye of the beholder．
2．Please don't hesitate ______ (call) the police if the man attacks you again．
3．In that case the judges in court ought to permit you _______ (take) out a loan from the bank．
As
to call
to take
4．He likes doing business so that he runs his own company while ________ (study) in college．
5．My warm-hearted monitor is willing _______ (give)me a hand when I am caught in hardships．
studying
to give
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．露西的眼睛一直盯着大门，好像在等什么人。
Lucy kept her eyes on the door，______________________．
2．我从未见过使他如此生气的情况。
Never ___________________ which made him so angry．
3．你最好把这个电话号码记在你的笔记本上，以免你可能会遗忘。
You had better take down the telephone number in your notebook______
____________________．
as if waiting for someone
have I seen a situation
you may forget about it
in case
4．作为一名志愿者老师，张玲愿意在她的业余时间里教她的学生们唱歌。
As a volunteer teacher，Zhang Ling _____________________________
_____in her spare time．
was willing to teach her students to
sing
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Henry was walking along the street 1．_______ (hold) the bank note in his hand．He saw a tailor's shop and went into it．A clerk served him 2．___ a rude manner and another clerk took him downstairs，3．_____ there were some cheap suits．The clerk treated him 4．__________ (impatient) and laughed at Henry 5．_______ he told the clerk he didn't have small change．Henry warned him not to judge a person by his 6．__________ (appear) and gave him the bank note．The clerk folded and slowly 7．_________ (fold) the bank note again，as if 8．_______ (look) at something he couldn't believe was there．Then Henry 9．_________ (take) to another part of the shop and was told that he needn't be 10．_______ (worry) about the money．
holding
in
where
impatiently
when/as
appearance
unfolded
looking
was taken
worried
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The hills rise green and sheer above the _____ (宽阔的) river．
2．Fitness has now become an important _______ (要素) in our lives．
3．To my surprise，the children were ________ (无处) to be seen．
4．I hope you can feel better and come back to the _______ (正常的) life．
5．We often see volunteers helping keep traffic order and ________ (保持) traffic safety．
课时分层作业(十四)
broad
element
nowhere
normal
maintain
Ⅱ．选词填空
1．If we do our best for nature，nature will offer its best to us________．
2．________________，Peking Opera contains the soul of Chinese national culture．
3．I ___________ go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day．
on duty；in return；by accident；be about to；as a matter of fact
in return
As a matter of fact
was about to
4．Yesterday I met Tom in the park ___________，where he was walking his dog．
5．Although it is raining heavily，the policemen are still _______ in the street．
by accident
on duty
Ⅲ．阅读理解
People are motivated to try a vegetarian(素食的) diet for different reasons—from religious beliefs to potential health and environmental benefits．But many people have a hard time sticking with it．In fact studies show many self-reported vegetarians actually do consume some animal products．
“A lot of people who want to be vegetarians are perhaps not able to，” says Dr．Nabeel Yassen of Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine．“We wanted to know if genetics is part of the reason，” he says．
Yaseen and his colleagues compared the DNA of about 330，000 people，using data from the UK Biobank initiative．The study included 5，324 vegetarians，who had not eaten any flesh animals or products obtained from animals for at least one year．They found 34 genes that may play a role in maintaining a strict vegetarian diet．And they identified 3 genes that are more tightly linked to it．
“What we can say is that these genes have something to do with vegetarianism，” Yaseen says．“Perhaps vegetarians have different variants of these genes that make them able to pursue a strict vegetarian diet，” he explains．The study is published in PLOS ONE，a science journal．
Of the three genes most strongly associated with vegetarianism，the authors say two of them have important functions in fat metabolism (新陈代谢)．The study can't answer exactly how genetic differences could shape or influence vegetarians，but Dr．Yaseen has some ideas．“One theory is that maybe there's a fat nutrient，or nutrients，in meat that some people need and others don't，” he says．
“Lots of factors influence what we eat，everything from our taste preferences，to our budgets to our culture．So，the idea that food choice is so influenced by genetics is not surprising，” Yaseen says．“But this is just the first step，” he adds，“More research is needed to determine which genes and which variants may be crucial．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有些人想尝试素食主义，但是往往无法坚持，一项研究显示，有些基因可能与能否坚持严格素食饮食有关，虽然该研究目前无法准确解释基因与素食者之间的关联，但是它揭示了遗传学的未知面。
1．What is the purpose of the study
A．To explore the cultural aspects of vegetarianism．
B．To promote vegetarianism among senior people．
C．To determine why people choose a vegetarian diet．
D．To find out whether genes are related to vegetarianism．
D [细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，Nabeel Yassen博士进行这项研究的目的是想知道基因是否与素食主义有关。故选D。]
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2．How does the author mainly organize paragraph 3
A．By presenting some examples．
B．By giving definitions．
C．By making comparisons．
D．By listing some numbers．
D [写作手法题。根据文章第三段内容可知，作者主要通过列举一些数字来组织第三段。故选D。]
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3．What can we learn from Yaseen's words
A．Genes have no influence on vegetarianism．
B．More research needs conducting to identify critical genes．
C．The study has successfully determined the key genetic variants．
D．The study accurately explains how genetics shape food choices．
B [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘But this is just the first step，’ he adds，‘More research is needed to determine which genes and which variants may be crucial．’”可推知，Yaseen认为还需要进行更多的研究来确定关键基因。故选B。]
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4．What is the best title for the text
A．Benefits of a Vegetarian Diet
B．The Rules of a Meatless Lifestyle
C．The Genetic Factors in Vegetarianism
D．Environmental Impact of Vegetarianism
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C [标题归纳题。根据文章第四段并结合全文内容可知，文章主要探讨了基因如何影响人们成为素食主义者的能力和倾向，介绍了相关的研究结果和理论。由此可知，The Genetic Factors in Vegetarianism(素食主义的遗传因素)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。]
Ⅳ．完形填空
Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq．Her library used to be aplace for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge．They discussed various matters all over the world．When the war was near，Alia was that the fires of war would destroy the books，which are more to her than mountains of gold．The books are in every language—new books，ancient books，even a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old．
She had asked the government for to move the books to a place，but they refused．So Alia took matters into her own hands．，she brought books home every night，filling her car late after work．Her friends came to help her when the war broke out．Anis who owned a restaurant to hide some books．All through the night，Alia，Anis，his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library， them over the seven foot wall and them in the restaurant．The books stayed hidden as the war ．Then nine days later，a fire burned the to the ground．
One day，the bombing stopped and the left．But the war was not over yet．Alia knew that if the books were to be safe，they must be again while the city was ．So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs．Now Alia waited for the war to end and peace and a new library．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Alia Baker是一名图书馆管理员，在战争中，她在朋友的帮助下，先后两次转移图书，竭尽全力保护图书安全的故事。
1．A．meeting B．working
C．personal D．religious
A [根据上文可知，Alia Baker是图书馆管理员，热爱书籍的人应该是在她的图书馆见面，分享知识，meeting为动词-ing形式作定语，修饰place，表示用途。故选A项。]
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2．A．worried B．angry
C．doubtful D．curious
A [根据下文句子“which are more ______________ to her than mountains of gold”可知，对她来说，书比金山更珍贵，可推断出她是担心战火会毁了这些书。故选A项。]
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3．A．practical B．precious
C．reliable D．expensive
B [根据语境和上文Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书可知，书在她心中是珍贵的，甚至比金山更珍贵。故选B项。]
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4．A．permission B．description
C．explanation D．information
A [根据句意可知，想要把书移到一个安全的地方，是需要得到政府的许可的。故选A项。]
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5．A．large B．public
C．distant D．safe
D [根据上文可知，战争临近，Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书，可推断出她是想把书转移到一个安全的地方。故选D项。]
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6．A．Fortunately B．Surprisingly
C．Seriously D．Secretly
D [上文提到她请求政府准许把这些书移到一个安全的地方，但是他们拒绝了。所以她应该是秘密地转移书。故选D项。]
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7．A．intended B．pretended
C．happened D．agreed
D [根据上文“Her friends came to help her when the war broke out．”可知，她的朋友来帮助她，可推断出Anis同意帮助她藏一些书。并且根据下文提到他们把书从图书馆里运出来，然后藏到餐馆里，也可推断出此处指Anis同意帮她藏书。故选D项。]
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8．A．put B．opened
C．passed D．threw
C [根据语境可知，应该是先从图书馆取出书，越过七英尺高的墙，再传递给外面的人，才能把书运出去。故选C项。]
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9．A．hid B．exchanged
C．burnt D．distributed
A [根据上文“Anis who owned a restaurant ______________ to hide some books．”及下文“The books stayed hidden”可知，他们把书藏在餐馆里。故选A项。]
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10．A．approached B．erupted
C．continued D．ended
C [根据句中“The books stayed hidden”可知，书一直藏着，可推断出战争一直在持续。故选C项。]
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11．A．restaurant B．library
C．city D．wall
B [根据文章最后一句话“Now Alia waited for the war to end and ______________ peace and a new library．”可知，Alia梦想着和平和一个新的图书馆，可推断出之前的图书馆被烧毁了。故选B项。]
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12．A．neighbours B．soldiers
C．friends D．customers
B [下文提到她雇了一辆卡车，把所有的书转移到郊区的朋友家。根据常识推断，只有轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，Alia才有机会去转移书。故选B项。]
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13．A．sold B．read
C．saved D．moved
D [通过下文可知，她把书转移到郊区的朋友家，可推断出此处应该是书被再次移动。故选D项。]
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14．A．occupied B．bombed
C．quiet D．busy
C [根据上文“One day，the bombing stopped and the ___________ left．”可知，轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，城市此时应该是安静的。故选C项。]
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15．A．dreamed of B．believed in
C．cared about D．looked for
A [根据上文可知，一场大火把图书馆夷为平地，所以Alia Baker一定是梦想着和平和一个新的图书馆。故选A项。]
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Ⅴ．语法填空
As leader of a square dancing team with over 200 members，Tan Jianchang keeps 1．___ busy schedule．Watching Tan dance， 2．____
is hard to believe that she is 70．3．________(actual)，most of her team members are seniors，one of 4．_______ is more than 80 and used to be sickly and lay in bed most of the time．But her health 5．____________
(improve) a lot since she joined the dancing team．
a
it
Actually
whom
has improved
Besides the dancing team，more than 95 percent of people in Loudi take part in sports．The government has been playing an important role 6．__ the popularity of sports，from organizing 7．________(activity) to encourage people to take part to investing heavily in building fitness facilities to provide places for people 8．__________(exercise)．For example，since the city invested 2 million yuan to build a trail and a running track around the hill of Zhushan Park，many people have been visiting the park after dinner to run，cycle and walk．
in
activities
to exercise
The development of a mass fitness movement in Loudi is a microcosm (缩影) of the overall picture in China，where a 9．________(grow) number of people now consider physical exercise a key part of life and the habit of exercising to stay 10．_________(health) has taken root．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述广场舞对市民生活的影响。其实在娄底，除了广场舞，还有很多锻炼身体的项目。当地政府在推广健身运动方面一直起着重要的作用。在中国，现在越来越多的人认为体育锻炼是生活的一个重要组成部分并且锻炼以保持健康的习惯已经根深蒂固。
growing
healthy
1．a [考查冠词。a busy schedule为固定表达，表示“日程安排很紧”，所以应填a。故填a。]
2．it [考查it作形式主语。固定句型：it is＋adj．＋ to do sth．表示“做某事……”，句中it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式，所以应填it。故填it。]
3．Actually [考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填副词作状语，actual的副词形式为actually，放句首，首字母大写。故填Actually。]
4．whom [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填定语从句的引导词，先行词为team members，指人，且空格处在从句中放在介词之后作宾语，所以应用关系代词whom。故填whom。]
5．has improved [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合所给时间状语“since she joined the dancing team”可知，应用现在完成时，主语her health为单数，improve在此处为不及物动词，以主动表被动，所以应填has improved。故填has improved。]
6．in [考查介词和固定搭配。play an important role in...表示“在……中起重要作用”，所以应填介词in。故填in。]
7．activities [考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示各种各样的活动，所以应用名词复数形式，所以应填activities。故填activities。]
8．to exercise [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填动词不定式表目的，所以应填to exercise。故填to exercise。]
9．growing [考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填形容词修饰名词number，grow的形容词形式为growing表示“越来越多的”，所以应填growing。故填growing。]
10．healthy [考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填形容词作表语，stay healthy表示“保持健康”，所以应填healthy。故填healthy。]
THANKSPeriod 5 课文整体教学(Reading for Writing)
Read the text and then choose the best answer to each question．
1．What did Henry want to do according to the text
A．He wanted to get some change．
B．He wanted to return the bank note to its owner．
C．He wanted to buy a suit coat．
D．He wanted to throw his worn coat away．
2．How did the clerks treat Henry at the beginning
A．They treated Henry as politely as they treated others．
B．They looked down upon Henry when they noticed his appearance．
C．They decided to make a suit to his measure．
D．They wanted to serve Henry to earn a lot of money．
3．When did the clerks and the owner change their attitudes to Henry
A．At the beginning of the story．
B．Before they saw the bank note．
C．At the end of the story．
D．After they saw the bank note．
4．At the sight of the bank note，the owner and the clerks got very ．
A．frightened B．angry
C．worried D．shocked
1．tailor n．(男装)裁缝 vt．专门制作；定做
①(教材原句)He sees a sign for a tailor's shop． ________
②Her costume got specially tailored，favoring，bright prints． ________
2．plot n．故事情节；阴谋；布局；小块土地 v．绘制，密谋，设计情节
①(教材原句)Is the plot clear and exciting enough？ ________
②First，plot the temperature curve on the graph． ________
③She bought a small plot of land to build a house． ________
3．normal adj．典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的 n．常态；通常标准；一般水平
①(教材原句)That's very normal！ ________
②A normal insect would just run away． ________
③“Crisis has become the new normal，”he says． ________
1．(学会断句)Henry is walking along the street/holding the bank note in his hand．
[分析]本句为简单句。句中holding...hand为动词-ing形式作 。
[翻译]
2．(学会断句)Mr． Reid says/you'd better serve him quick/and get him out quick!
[分析]本句为复合句。句中says后you'd...and...quick是宾语从句，省略了引导词 。
[翻译]
1．(续写佳句)His coat is worn in several places．
他的外套有几处破了。
2．(应用文佳句)Now，you shouldn't judge people by their clothes．
现在，你不应该以貌取人。
1．hesitate vi．犹豫；迟疑；顾虑
(1)hesitate to do sth． 犹豫做某事
hesitate about/over/at... 对……感到犹豫
(2)hesitation n． 犹豫
have no hesitation in doing sth． 毫不犹豫做某事
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①The clerk had no (hesitate) in accepting the invitation．
②Out of everybody's expectation，she didn't hesitate (accept) the job．
③如果你有任何问题，可以毫不犹豫地联系我，以便我可以做出进一步的安排。
a．If you have any questions， so that I can make further arrangements．(without hesitation)
b．If you have any questions， so that I can make further arrangements．(hesitate to do)
c．If you have any questions， so that I can make further arrangements．(have no hesitation in)
2．manner n．举止；行为方式；方法；[pl．]礼貌；礼仪
(1)in a...manner＝in the manner of...
以一种……的方式；带着一副……
的样子
in a manner＝in some way＝to a certain extent
在一定程度上
in this manner＝in this way 用这种方式
(2)manners n． 礼貌；礼仪
good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌
table manners 餐桌礼仪
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①They spoke to one another a very friendly manner．
②It is bad manners (disturb) others when they are occupied with their work．
③下课后，我来找他，为我当天早些时候的不礼貌行为道歉。
After the class was dismissed，I came to him to earlier in the day．
3．be willing to do sth．愿意或乐意做某事
(1)unwilling adj． (反义词)不愿意的；勉强的
be unwilling to do sth． 不愿意做某事
(2)willingly adv． 乐意地
willingness n． 乐意；心甘情愿
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①If you are (will) to fly at night，you can get a much cheaper ticket．
②As long as the motherland needs，I am willing (do) everything for her．
③We were (willing) to send the cats out，nor were we brave enough to annoy Mum by not listening to her．
④如果你愿意在一份关系中重建信任，我们有些方法能帮助你达到这个目的。
If again，we have some steps you can take to get you there．
4．permit vt．& vi．允许；准许；使有可能 n．许可证；特许证
(1)permit sb．(to do) sth． 允许某人(做)某事
permit doing sth． 允许做某事
(2)permission n． 准许；许可；批准；许可证
without permission 未经许可
with one's permission 经某人允许
ask sb．for permission＝ask permission from sb．
请求某人许可
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句式升级
①You are not to enter the room permission．
②If time (permit)，we will pay a visit to the local park．
③They don't permit (talk) loudly in the library．
④ ，we will pay a visit to the local park．(把句②改为独立主格结构)
1．as if引导的状语从句的省略
(教材P56)Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，as if looking at something he can't believe is there．
接着，他把钞票对折起来，然后又慢慢摊开，好像在看一个他不相信存在的东西。
[句式分析] 句中as if looking at something为as if引导的状语从句as if he was looking at something的省略形式。
He stood there as if saying something．
他站在那儿好像在说什么。
在when，while，if，though，although，as，until，once，whether，unless，whenever等连接的时间、条件或让步等状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句的主语相同或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词的某种形式时，从句中的主语和be动词常被省略。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句式升级
①When (heat)，ice can be turned into water．
② When they were asked what they needed，they said they wanted to be loved．
→When ，they said they wanted to be loved．(省略句)
③While she was staying in France，she picked up some French．
→While ，she picked up some French．(省略句)
④Unless it is necessary，you'd better not refer to the dictionary．
→ ，you'd better not refer to the dictionary．(省略句)
2．never位于句首的部分倒装
(教材P56)I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...
记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
[句式分析] 句中never would I hold为含有否定意义的never位于句首的部分倒装语序，即would放在主语I前面。
Never will you be admitted to your ideal university if you don't work hard．
如果你不发奋努力，你永远不会被你理想的大学录取。
(1)当含有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即：否定词＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语。
(2)这样的词或短语有：
全部否定意义副词：never/not/neither/nor/nowhere
部分否定意义副词：hardly/scarcely/rarely/seldom/little
“绝不”短语：at no time/by no means/in no case/in no way/on no condition/on no account
[即学即练]——完成句子/句式升级
①直到我失业，我才意识到我应该提高我的工作技能。
Not until I lost my job I should improve my working skills．
②I don't speak English correctly．I am not fluent in English．
→
(部分倒装)
③John and Bernard should in no case give in to their temporary failure in making popcorn．
→
(部分倒装)
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1． is often the case，beauty is in the eye of the beholder．
2．Please don't hesitate (call) the police if the man attacks you again．
3．In that case the judges in court ought to permit you (take) out a loan from the bank．
4．He likes doing business so that he runs his own company while (study) in college．
5．My warm-hearted monitor is willing (give)me a hand when I am caught in hardships．
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．露西的眼睛一直盯着大门，好像在等什么人。
Lucy kept her eyes on the door， ．
2．我从未见过使他如此生气的情况。
Never which made him so angry．
3．你最好把这个电话号码记在你的笔记本上，以免你可能会遗忘。
You had better take down the telephone number in your notebook ．
4．作为一名志愿者老师，张玲愿意在她的业余时间里教她的学生们唱歌。
As a volunteer teacher，Zhang Ling in her spare time．
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Henry was walking along the street 1． (hold) the bank note in his hand．He saw a tailor's shop and went into it．A clerk served him 2． a rude manner and another clerk took him downstairs，3． there were some cheap suits．The clerk treated him 4． (impatient) and laughed at Henry 5． he told the clerk he didn't have small change．Henry warned him not to judge a person by his 6． (appear) and gave him the bank note．The clerk folded and slowly 7． (fold) the bank note again，as if 8． (look) at something he couldn't believe was there．Then Henry 9． (take) to another part of the shop and was told that he needn't be 10． (worry) about the money．
Period 5
课文理解
1－4 CBDD
课文精粹
Ⅰ一词多义
1．①n．裁缝 ②vt．专门制作；定做
2．①n．故事情节 ②v．绘制 ③n．小块土地
3．①adj．正常的 ②adj．一般的 ③n．常态
Ⅱ长难语句
1．分析：伴随状语
翻译：亨利走在街上，手里捏着钞票。
2．分析：that
翻译：里德先生说让你最好快点把他打发走。
核心词汇
1．①hesitation ②to accept ③you can contact me without hesitation；don't hesitate to contact me；you can have no hesitation in contacting me
2．①in ②to disturb ③apologize for my bad manners
3．①willing ②to do ③unwilling ④you are willing to build trust in a relationship
4．①without ②permits ③talking ④Time permitting
句法句式
1．①heated ②asked what they needed ③staying in France
④Unless necessary
2．①did I realise ②Neither do I speak English correctly nor am I fluent in English． ③In no case should John and Bernard give in to their temporary failure in making popcorn．
巩固落实
Ⅰ．1．As 2．to call 3．to take 4．studying 5．to give
Ⅱ．1．as if waiting for someone 2．have I seen a situation
3．in case you may forget about it 4．was willing to teach her students to sing
Ⅲ．1．holding 2．in 3．where 4．impatiently 5． when/as 6．appearance 7．unfolded 8．looking 9．was taken 10．worried
1 / 7课时分层作业(十四)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The hills rise green and sheer above the ________ (宽阔的) river．
2．Fitness has now become an important ________ (要素) in our lives．
3．To my surprise，the children were ________ (无处) to be seen．
4．I hope you can feel better and come back to the ________ (正常的) life．
5．We often see volunteers helping keep traffic order and ________ (保持) traffic safety．
Ⅱ．选词填空
on duty；in return；by accident；be about to；as a matter of fact
1．If we do our best for nature，nature will offer its best to us ________________．
2．________________，Peking Opera contains the soul of Chinese national culture．
3．I ________________ go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day．
4．Yesterday I met Tom in the park ________________，where he was walking his dog．
5．Although it is raining heavily，the policemen are still ________________ in the street．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
People are motivated to try a vegetarian(素食的) diet for different reasons—from religious beliefs to potential health and environmental benefits．But many people have a hard time sticking with it．In fact studies show many self-reported vegetarians actually do consume some animal products．
“A lot of people who want to be vegetarians are perhaps not able to，” says Dr．Nabeel Yassen of Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine．“We wanted to know if genetics is part of the reason，” he says．
Yaseen and his colleagues compared the DNA of about 330，000 people，using data from the UK Biobank initiative．The study included 5，324 vegetarians，who had not eaten any flesh animals or products obtained from animals for at least one year．They found 34 genes that may play a role in maintaining a strict vegetarian diet．And they identified 3 genes that are more tightly linked to it．
“What we can say is that these genes have something to do with vegetarianism，” Yaseen says．“Perhaps vegetarians have different variants of these genes that make them able to pursue a strict vegetarian diet，” he explains．The study is published in PLOS ONE，a science journal．
Of the three genes most strongly associated with vegetarianism，the authors say two of them have important functions in fat metabolism (新陈代谢)．The study can't answer exactly how genetic differences could shape or influence vegetarians，but Dr．Yaseen has some ideas．“One theory is that maybe there's a fat nutrient，or nutrients，in meat that some people need and others don't，” he says．
“Lots of factors influence what we eat，everything from our taste preferences，to our budgets to our culture．So，the idea that food choice is so influenced by genetics is not surprising，” Yaseen says．“But this is just the first step，” he adds，“More research is needed to determine which genes and which variants may be crucial．”
1．What is the purpose of the study
A．To explore the cultural aspects of vegetarianism．
B．To promote vegetarianism among senior people．
C．To determine why people choose a vegetarian diet．
D．To find out whether genes are related to vegetarianism．
2．How does the author mainly organize paragraph 3
A．By presenting some examples．
B．By giving definitions．
C．By making comparisons．
D．By listing some numbers．
3．What can we learn from Yaseen's words
A．Genes have no influence on vegetarianism．
B．More research needs conducting to identify critical genes．
C．The study has successfully determined the key genetic variants．
D．The study accurately explains how genetics shape food choices．
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Benefits of a Vegetarian Diet
B．The Rules of a Meatless Lifestyle
C．The Genetic Factors in Vegetarianism
D．Environmental Impact of Vegetarianism
Ⅳ．完形填空
Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq．Her library used to be a 1 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge．They discussed various matters all over the world．When the war was near，Alia was 2 that the fires of war would destroy the books，which are more 3 to her than mountains of gold．The books are in every language—new books，ancient books，even a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old．
She had asked the government for 4 to move the books to a 5 place，but they refused．So Alia took matters into her own hands． 6 ，she brought books home every night，filling her car late after work．Her friends came to help her when the war broke out．Anis who owned a restaurant 7 to hide some books．All through the night，Alia，Anis，his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library， 8 them over the seven foot wall and 9 them in the restaurant．The books stayed hidden as the war 10 ．Then nine days later，a fire burned the 11 _ to the ground．
One day，the bombing stopped and the 12 left．But the war was not over yet．Alia knew that if the books were to be safe，they must be 13 again while the city was 14 ．So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs．Now Alia waited for the war to end and 15 peace and a new library．
1．A.meeting B．working
C．personal D．religious
2．A．worried B．angry
C．doubtful D．curious
3．A．practical B．precious
C．reliable D．expensive
4．A．permission B．description
C．explanation D．information
5．A．large B．public
C．distant D．safe
6．A．Fortunately B．Surprisingly
C．Seriously D．Secretly
7．A．intended B．pretended
C．happened D．agreed
8．A．put B．opened
C．passed D．threw
9．A．hid B．exchanged
C．burnt D．distributed
10．A．approached B．erupted
C．continued D．ended
11．A．restaurant B．library
C．city D．wall
12．A．neighbours B．soldiers
C．friends D．customers
13．A．sold B．read
C．saved D．moved
14．A．occupied B．bombed
C．quiet D．busy
15．A．dreamed of B．believed in
C．cared about D．looked for
Ⅴ．语法填空
As leader of a square dancing team with over 200 members，Tan Jianchang keeps 1．________ busy schedule．Watching Tan dance，2．________ is hard to believe that she is 70．3．________(actual)，most of her team members are seniors，one of 4．________ is more than 80 and used to be sickly and lay in bed most of the time．But her health 5．________ (improve) a lot since she joined the dancing team．
Besides the dancing team，more than 95 percent of people in Loudi take part in sports．The government has been playing an important role 6．________ the popularity of sports，from organizing 7．________(activity) to encourage people to take part to investing heavily in building fitness facilities to provide places for people 8．________(exercise)．For example，since the city invested 2 million yuan to build a trail and a running track around the hill of Zhushan Park，many people have been visiting the park after dinner to run，cycle and walk．
The development of a mass fitness movement in Loudi is a microcosm (缩影) of the overall picture in China，where a 9．________ (grow) number of people now consider physical exercise a key part of life and the habit of exercising to stay 10．________(health) has taken root．
课时分层作业(十四)
Ⅰ．1．broad 2．element 3．nowhere 4．normal 5．maintain
Ⅱ．1．in return 2．As a matter of fact 3．was about to
4．by accident 5．on duty
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
D D B C
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A A B A D D D C
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A C B B D C A
Ⅴ．1．a 2．it 3．Actually 4．whom 5．has improved
6．in 7．activities 8．to exercise 9．growing 10．healthy
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有些人想尝试素食主义，但是往往无法坚持，一项研究显示，有些基因可能与能否坚持严格素食饮食有关，虽然该研究目前无法准确解释基因与素食者之间的关联，但是它揭示了遗传学的未知面。
1．D [细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，Nabeel Yassen博士进行这项研究的目的是想知道基因是否与素食主义有关。故选D。]
2．D [写作手法题。根据文章第三段内容可知，作者主要通过列举一些数字来组织第三段。故选D。]
3．B [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘But this is just the first step，’ he adds，‘More research is needed to determine which genes and which variants may be crucial．’”可推知，Yaseen认为还需要进行更多的研究来确定关键基因。故选B。]
4．C [标题归纳题。根据文章第四段并结合全文内容可知，文章主要探讨了基因如何影响人们成为素食主义者的能力和倾向，介绍了相关的研究结果和理论。由此可知，The Genetic Factors in Vegetarianism(素食主义的遗传因素)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Alia Baker是一名图书馆管理员，在战争中，她在朋友的帮助下，先后两次转移图书，竭尽全力保护图书安全的故事。
1．A [根据上文可知，Alia Baker是图书馆管理员，热爱书籍的人应该是在她的图书馆见面，分享知识，meeting为动词-ing形式作定语，修饰place，表示用途。故选A项。]
2．A [根据下文句子“which are more to her than mountains of gold”可知，对她来说，书比金山更珍贵，可推断出她是担心战火会毁了这些书。故选A项。]
3．B [根据语境和上文Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书可知，书在她心中是珍贵的，甚至比金山更珍贵。故选B项。]
4．A [根据句意可知，想要把书移到一个安全的地方，是需要得到政府的许可的。故选A项。]
5．D [根据上文可知，战争临近，Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书，可推断出她是想把书转移到一个安全的地方。故选D项。]
6．D [上文提到她请求政府准许把这些书移到一个安全的地方，但是他们拒绝了。所以她应该是秘密地转移书。故选D项。]
7．D [根据上文“Her friends came to help her when the war broke out．”可知，她的朋友来帮助她，可推断出Anis同意帮助她藏一些书。并且根据下文提到他们把书从图书馆里运出来，然后藏到餐馆里，也可推断出此处指Anis同意帮她藏书。故选D项。]
8．C [根据语境可知，应该是先从图书馆取出书，越过七英尺高的墙，再传递给外面的人，才能把书运出去。故选C项。]
9．A [根据上文“Anis who owned a restaurant to hide some books．”及下文“The books stayed hidden”可知，他们把书藏在餐馆里。故选A项。]
10．C [根据句中“The books stayed hidden”可知，书一直藏着，可推断出战争一直在持续。故选C项。]
11．B [根据文章最后一句话“Now Alia waited for the war to end and peace and a new library．”可知，Alia梦想着和平和一个新的图书馆，可推断出之前的图书馆被烧毁了。故选B项。]
12．B [下文提到她雇了一辆卡车，把所有的书转移到郊区的朋友家。根据常识推断，只有轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，Alia才有机会去转移书。故选B项。]
13．D [通过下文可知，她把书转移到郊区的朋友家，可推断出此处应该是书被再次移动。故选D项。]
14．C [根据上文“One day，the bombing stopped and the left．”可知，轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，城市此时应该是安静的。故选C项。]
15．A [根据上文可知，一场大火把图书馆夷为平地，所以Alia Baker一定是梦想着和平和一个新的图书馆。故选A项。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述广场舞对市民生活的影响。其实在娄底，除了广场舞，还有很多锻炼身体的项目。当地政府在推广健身运动方面一直起着重要的作用。在中国，现在越来越多的人认为体育锻炼是生活的一个重要组成部分并且锻炼以保持健康的习惯已经根深蒂固。
1．a [考查冠词。a busy schedule为固定表达，表示“日程安排很紧”，所以应填a。故填a。]
2．it [考查it作形式主语。固定句型：it is＋adj．＋ to do sth．表示“做某事……”，句中it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式，所以应填it。故填it。]
3．Actually [考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填副词作状语，actual的副词形式为actually，放句首，首字母大写。故填Actually。]
4．whom [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填定语从句的引导词，先行词为team members，指人，且空格处在从句中放在介词之后作宾语，所以应用关系代词whom。故填whom。]
5．has improved [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合所给时间状语“since she joined the dancing team”可知，应用现在完成时，主语her health为单数，improve在此处为不及物动词，以主动表被动，所以应填has improved。故填has improved。]
6．in [考查介词和固定搭配。play an important role in...表示“在……中起重要作用”，所以应填介词in。故填in。]
7．activities [考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示各种各样的活动，所以应用名词复数形式，所以应填activities。故填activities。]
8．to exercise [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填动词不定式表目的，所以应填to exercise。故填to exercise。]
9．growing [考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填形容词修饰名词number，grow的形容词形式为growing表示“越来越多的”，所以应填growing。故填growing。]
10．healthy [考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填形容词作表语，stay healthy表示“保持健康”，所以应填healthy。故填healthy。]
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