九年级英语复习讲义
第13课时 [八年级下册] Unit 5
中考链接 参考答案及解析
一、单项选择
1. 答案：D
句意：—— 连接这两个城市的铁路什么时候开通？—— 明年才开通。只建成了三分之二。
考点：“not until” 结构及主谓一致。
详细解析选项：
A. Until; has（“until” 单独使用无法表达 “直到…… 才” 的含义，不符合语境；“two thirds” 指代铁路的部分，为复数概念，“has” 主谓不一致）；
B. Until; have（第一空 “until” 错误，无法体现 “直到明年才开通” 的逻辑；第二空 “have” 虽主谓一致，但整体结构错误）；
C. Not until; has（第一空 “not until” 正确，表 “直到…… 才”；第二空 “has” 与 “two thirds”（复数概念）主谓不一致）；
D. Not until; have（第一空 “not until next year” 准确表达 “直到明年才开通”；第二空 “two thirds” 指代铁路的三分之二，视为复数，“have” 主谓一致，正确）。
正解根据：“not until” 是固定结构，表 “直到…… 才”；分数作主语时，谓语动词单复数由其所指代的名词（railway 的部分，复数概念）决定。
结论：选 D。
2. 答案：A
句意：—— 我们可以请更多朋友帮忙为慈善机构筹款吗？—— 好主意。俗话说，“众人拾柴火焰高”。
考点：谚语辨析。
详细解析选项：
A. many hands make light work（众人拾柴火焰高，强调人多力量大，符合 “请更多人帮忙筹款” 的语境）；
B. too many cooks spoil the broth（人多手杂反坏事，与 “好主意” 矛盾，不符合语境）；
C. don’t put all your eggs in one basket（不要孤注一掷，与 “多人帮忙” 无关）；
D. it is better to be safe than sorry（安全第一，与语境无关）。
正解根据：“请更多朋友帮忙” 的提议体现了 “人多效率高”，与 A 选项谚语含义一致。
结论：选 A。
3. 答案：C
句意：我真的不喜欢他，因为他喜欢打断我和别人的谈话。
考点：动词短语辨析。
详细解析选项：
A. push in（插队，通常指在队列中强行插入，与 “谈话” 无关）；
B. drop in（顺便拜访，后接地点，如 “drop in at my house”，不符合 “打断谈话” 的语境）；
C. cut in on（打断，特指打断别人的谈话或活动，符合句意）；
D. bump into（偶然遇见，如 “bump into an old friend”，与 “打断谈话” 无关）。
正解根据：语境强调 “打断谈话”，“cut in on” 是固定短语，专门用于表示打断别人的交流。
结论：选 C。
4. 答案：A
句意：他将在暑假期间的某个时候去北京旅行。
考点：相似短语辨析（sometime/some time/sometimes/some times）。
详细解析选项：
A. sometime（某个时候，指将来或过去的不确定时间，符合 “暑假期间的某个时间” 的语境）；
B. some time（一段时间，通常与 “for” 连用，如 “for some time”，此处需表 “某个时刻”，不符）；
C. sometimes（有时，表频率，如 “sometimes go to the park”，不符合 “暑假期间的一次旅行” 的语境）；
D. some times（几次，表次数，如 “go there some times”，与 “旅行一次” 的语境不符）。
正解根据：句中需表达 “暑假期间的某个不确定时间点”，“sometime” 符合该含义。
结论：选 A。
5. 答案：C
句意：—— 我确信他这次考试会得高分。—— 我也这么认为。
考点：“也” 的表达辨析（also/either/as well/as too）。
详细解析选项：
A. also（也，用于句中，即 be 动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前，如 “I also think so”，不能用于句末）；
B. either（也，用于否定句末，如 “I don’t think so either”，本句为肯定句，不符）；
C. as well（也，用于肯定句末，无需逗号隔开，符合 “我也这么认为” 的语境）；
D. as too（无此搭配，语法错误）。
正解根据：肯定句末表 “也” 时，用 “as well”，无需其他标点或词汇搭配。
结论：选 C。
二、阅读理解
1. 答案：A
句意：如果你知道自己擅长什么，____。
考点：细节理解。
详细解析选项：
A. you really know yourself（你才算真正了解自己，与文章首句 “Knowing about yourself means not only that you find what you are good at... Both help you to see your aim in life” 一致，知道擅长什么是了解自己的一部分）；
B. you have got the whole picture of yourself（你掌握了自己的全部情况，文章指出 “了解自己还包括知道不擅长什么”，因此仅知道擅长什么不等于掌握全部）；
C. you keep in mind your aim in life（你牢记人生目标，文章说 “两者（知道擅长和不擅长的事）帮助确立目标”，但 “知道擅长什么” 本身不等于 “牢记目标”）；
D. you have less what you don't like than what you like（你不喜欢的比喜欢的少，文章未比较喜欢与不喜欢的数量）。
正解根据：文章明确 “了解自己包括知道擅长和不擅长的事”，因此 “知道擅长什么” 是 “真正了解自己” 的一部分。
结论：选 A。
2. 答案：A
句意：作者建议____。
考点：推理判断。
详细解析选项：
A. failure is a better mirror（失败是一面更好的镜子，文章第二段提到 “failing can help a student to lead a much happier life if he or she draws the right conclusion”，即失败若被正确总结，能让人更了解自己，如同镜子）；
B. advanced math courses help you to know yourselves（高等数学课程帮助你了解自己，文章以 “高等数学考试失败” 为例，并非说课程本身能帮助了解自己）；
C. success is more helpful（成功更有帮助，文章重点强调失败的积极意义，未提及成功更有帮助）；
D. when one is unhappy he gets to know himself better（人不开心时更了解自己，文章说 “考试失败可能不开心，但能帮助了解自己”，并非 “不开心本身让人更了解自己”）。
正解根据：作者通过 “考试失败帮助学生明确方向” 的例子，说明失败能让人更清楚自己的特点，即 “失败是更好的镜子”。
结论：选 A。
3. 答案：D
句意：失败能变成好事____。
考点：细节理解。
详细解析选项：
A. if you have aims in life and get the job you wish to have（如果你有人生目标并得到理想工作，与 “失败变好事” 的条件无关）；
B. if you lead a happier life（如果你过着更幸福的生活，这是失败变好事的结果，而非条件）；
C. if your decision is right（如果你的决定正确，文章强调 “从失败中得出正确结论”，而非泛泛的 “决定正确”）；
D. if you learn something from it（如果你从失败中学习，与文章 “if he or she draws the right conclusion from the failing” 一致，即从失败中学习是其变好事的条件）。
正解根据：文章明确指出，失败变成好事的前提是 “从失败中得出正确结论”（即学习到东西）。
结论：选 D。
4. 答案：C
句意：第三段中 “拉小提琴” 的例子暗示____。
考点：推理判断。
详细解析选项：
A. if you don't like music, don't practice the violin（如果你不喜欢音乐，就不要练习小提琴，例子重点不是 “不喜欢就不做”，而是 “尝试后再决定”）；
B. it takes more than one lesson to learn to play the violin（学拉小提琴需要不止一节课，这是例子的表面信息，而非暗示的深层含义）；
C. you can decide only after you have tried（你只有尝试后才能决定，例子提到 “需要上多节课才能知道是否感兴趣或有能力”，暗示 “尝试是决定的前提”）；
D. you can become a great violinist only after the hard and long training（只有经过长期艰苦训练才能成为伟大的小提琴家，这是例子中的细节，而非核心暗示）。
正解根据：例子开头提到 “It is impossible to decide whether or not you like something until you have tried it”，拉小提琴的例子是为了说明 “必须尝试后才能做决定”。
结论：选 C。
5. 答案：D
句意：根据文章，下列哪项不正确？
考点：细节判断。
详细解析选项：
A. You have enough time before you make a wise decision.（做明智的决定前你有足够的时间，与文章 “try as many as possible when you are still young” 一致，年轻时有足够时间尝试）；
B. The more experiences you have, the better decision you will make.（经历越多，决定越明智，与 “try as many as possible... find out true interests” 一致，多尝试能帮助做更好的决定）；
C. Test ideas, compare and then decide.（测试想法、比较后再决定，与 “尝试后才能决定” 的逻辑一致）；
D. People always make hasty decisions.（人们总是仓促做决定，文章未提及 “总是仓促决定”，且强调 “尝试后再决定”，因此该选项不正确）。
正解根据：文章倡导 “多尝试、多体验后再决定”，未提到 “人们总是仓促做决定”，D 选项与文章主旨矛盾。
结论：选 D。第13课时 [八年级下册] Unit 5
1.politely adv. 礼貌地 speak to the old politely.
polite adj.有礼貌的 impolite 没有礼貌的
litter n.垃圾，杂物 [U]；v.乱丢杂物
近义词rubbish 垃圾 [U]
e.g. (1) Don’t drop litter/rubbish everywhere.
(2)There is a public sign saying “No Littering”.
run v. 流动； 跑；（车辆、机器）开动，运转
(run-ran-run); 现在分词-running
e.g. (1) Don’t leave the tap running.
(2) The boy ran away when he saw his father.
(3) The machine runs very well.
pick v. 采，摘 pick flowers in the park.
turn n.轮流，（轮流的）顺序
It is one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
e.g. It is your turn to make a decision.
take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
= do sth. in turn= do sth. by turns
e.g. They took turns to do the housework.
=They did the housework in turn / by turns.
proper adj. 符合习俗的；正确的
英文释义：right or correct
properly adv. 恰当地
e.g. (1) He could not come up with a proper answer.
(2) I don’t think he’s doing his job properly.
shake sb’s hand 与某人握手
shake hands with sb. 和某人握手
kiss n. 亲吻 复数kisses
v. 亲吻 kiss sb. hello /goodbye
以亲吻问候某人/吻别
e.g. Do they greet people with a kiss
close adj. 亲密的，严密的 close friends
adj. (距离)靠近的；接近的be close to=near
v. 关闭 反义词 open
closed adj. 关着的 反义词open
e.g. (1) His house is close to the factory.
(2) Remember to close the door when you leave.
(3) I found the door closed at that time.
10.conversation n. （非正式）交谈，谈话
英文释义：a small talk
e.g. How do people start a conversation
11.avoid v. 避免 英文释义：try not to do sth.
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
e.g.(1) You should avoid such mistakes.
(2) To avoid hitting the truck, he ran into the wall and his arm was badly hurt.
subject n.话题，主题, 题材；科目
e.g.(1) But please avoid subjects like age, weight or money.
(2) My favourite subject is English.
public n.民众，群体
adj. 公共的，公开的 public signs
【固定搭配】in public 公开地，在别人面前
e.g.(1) The museum is open to the public every day.
(2) Do people there behave politely in public
push v.推，挤
英文释义：go in front of other people who are waiting
push past sb. 从某人旁边挤过去
【拓展】push in <英>插队，加塞=<美>cut in
cut in (on sb/sth)打断（谈话），插嘴
e.g. (1) It is rude to push in before others.
(2) Don’t cut in others.
15. in one’s way 挡住某人的路
e.g. You will have to move --you are in my way.
touch v. 触摸，碰；感动，触动
n. 触摸，碰，触觉
e.g. (1)Please don’t touch anything in the room.
(2)The story of the ugly man Quasimodo really touched me.
(3)keep in touch “保持联系”
excuse v. 原谅，宽恕 excuse me 劳驾
n. 借口，理由，辩白
e.g. (1) They will say “excuse me ” and be polite enough to wait till you move.
(2)He made a good excuse for being late for school.
loudly adv. 大声地
British people don’t like to shout or laugh loudly.
till conj. 到...时，直到...为止
=until(位于句首时，只能用until)
prep. 到...时，直到...为止
与肯定句的主要从句连用,“动作持续到…”
接在表示否定的主句后，“直到…才…”
e.g. (1) He lived in New York till he died.
(2) He didn’t give up smoking till he got ill.
(3) They talked from morning till night.
as well (as) 也；还有
e.g. (1) My brother likes playing football as well.
= My brother also likes playing football.
=My brother likes playing football, too.
否定句My brother does not like playing football,
either.
(2) The boss provided lunch as well as breakfast.
as conj. 正如，如同；当...的时候；因为，由于
e.g. (1) As you know, Julie is leaving soon.
(2) As I was coming here, I met your brother.
(3) As it was raining, I stayed at home.
【拓展】as...as...像；如何
the same ...as 和...一样
as soon as possible 尽快地
as if 好像 such as 比如
by accident 偶然，意外地
hit someone or something by accident.
discussion n. 讨论 discuss v.讨论
【固定搭配】have a discussion with sb. 和某人讨论
discuss sth with sb. 和某人讨论某事
express v.表达 expression n. 表达，表示
【固定搭配】beyond expression 无法形容
express oneself 表明态度
e.g. He did not express himself clearly.
explain v. 解释
【固定搭配】explain sth to sb.向某人解释某事
explain +从句
e.g. (1)Mr Wu is patient enough to explain things to us.
(2) He explained how the machine was used.
keep sb. from sth.保护，使免受
keep sb./sth+adj.使某人/某物保持某种状态
keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
be busy with sth 忙于某事
be busy doing sth忙于做某事
warn v. 警告，告诫
(1)warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（不）要做某事
(2)warn sb. of/about sth. 警告某人某事
parking n. 停车
There is a public sign saying “No Parking”.
successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地
success n.成功 succeed v.成功
sometime adv. 在某时=some time
some time 还可表示“一段时间”
sometimes=at times=from time to time 有时
some times 几次
e.g.(1) Everybody will be lucky or successful sometime in their life.
(2)He spends some time reading books every day.
(3)He sometimes has a walk after supper.
(4)He has been to Beijing some times.
soon after 不久以后
e.g.When one bad thing happens to you, other bad things happen soon after.
33. make sure 确定
e.g.We should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.
risk v.冒险做 risk + n./doing sth.
n. at the risk of… “冒着...危险”
e.g.(1) I will risk the punishment.
(2) They knew they risked being arrested.
(3) The driver saved her life at the risk of his own.
pain n.疼痛
have a pain in one’s stomach /leg 胃疼/腿疼...
e.g. The girl cried with pain.
practice n. 练习；v. 练习 practice doing sth
e.g.(1) Practice makes perfect.
(2) He practices playing the piano every day.
candle n.蜡烛
burn the candles at both ends
purpose n.目的
e.g. What was the purpose of his visit.
39. conclusion n. 结论
【固定搭配】come to / arrive at /reach /draw/ make a conclusion 得出结论
above all 首要的是
e.g. Above all, tell me quickly what I should do.
guest n. 客人，宾客
e.g.We have guests staying this weekend.
...adj./adv.+ enough to +v. 足够...而能做某事
...too + adj./adv. to + v. 太...而不能做某事
...so +adj./adv.+ that 从句 如此...以致
通常来说，这三种句型可用于同义句转换，具体如下：
...too...to... =not +反义adj./adv. enough to
=so...that +否定句
...enough to... = so... that +肯定句
e.g.(1)He is too young to go to school.
= He is not old enough to go to school.
= He is so young that he can't go to school.
(2)She is clever enough to work out this difficult maths questions.
=She is so clever that she can work out this difficult maths question.
【中考链接】
一、单项选择
( ) 1. ---When will the railway that connects the
two cities open 【2024 常州】
---______next year. Only two thirds
______been built.
A. Until; has B. Until; have
C. Not until; has D. Not until; have
( ) 2. ---Shall we ask more friends to help raise money for charity 【2024 盐城】
---Good idea. As an old saying goes, ______.
A. many hands make light work
B. too many cooks spoil the broth
C. don’t put all your eggs in one basket
D. it is better to be safe than sorry
( ) 3. I really don’t like him because he likes to _____ my conversation with others.
A. push in B. drop in
C. cut in on D. bump into
( ) 4. He will travel to Beijing ______ during the summer holidays..
A. sometime B. some time
C. sometimes D. some times
( ) 5. ---I’m sure he’ll get a high mark in this
exam.
---I have the same idea ______.
A. also B. either C. as well D. as too
二、阅读理解
Knowing about yourself means not only that you find what you are good at and what you like, it also means discovering what you are not good at and what you don't like. Both help you to see your aim in life.
Although most students would be unhappy if they found that they had failed an advanced - math course, they have actually learned a great deal about themselves. They know that they should not become engineers or physical scientists, and that they should not be good at accounting work. So failing can help a student to lead a much happier life if he or she draws the right conclusion from the failing. They may then decide on their aim and choose the kind of work they would like to do.
It is impossible to decide whether or not you like something until you have tried it. If you decide that you would like to play the violin, you need to take more than one lesson before you can know whether you are really interested in it or have any ability. It is not enough to want to be a great violinist. You also have to like the hard and long training before you become one. If you would enjoy being a great violinist but hate the work, forget it. It is a good plan to try as many as possible when you are still young. And then you will be able to find out what your true interests are.
( )1. If you know what you are good at, ____.
A. you stay really know yourself
B. you have got the whole picture of yourself
C. you keep in mind your aim in life
D. you have less what you don't like than what you like
( )2. The writer suggests ____.
A. failure is a better mirror
B. advanced math courses help you to know yourselves
C. success is more helpful
D. when one is unhappy he gets to know himself better
( )3. Failing can turn into something good ____.
A. if you have aims in life and get the job you wish to have
B. if you lead a happier life
C. if your decision is right
D. if you learn something from it
( )4. The example of “playing the violin” in Paragraphs 3 and 4 implies that ____.
A. if you don't like music, don't practice the violin
B. it takes more than one lesson to learn to play the violin
C. you can decide only after you have tried
D. you can become a great violinist only after the hard and long training
( )5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A. You have enough time before you make a wise decision.
B. The more experiences you have, the better decision you will make.
C. Test ideas, compare and then decide.
D. People always make hasty(仓促的) decisions.
