Unit 3 Teenage problems同步讲义（上）（Comic-Reading）
单元主题层级
主题范畴 人与自我；人与社会
主题群 做人与做事；社会服务与人际沟通
子主题 自我认识，自我管理，自我提升；情绪与行为的调节与管理；良好的人际关系与人际交往
单元语篇概览
板块 语篇 语篇类型 语篇内容 主题意义
Comic strip / 连环漫画 Eddie的烦恼 发现自己的问题，积极沟通
Welcome to the unit B 对话 Millie上课犯困的问题 寻找问题根源，学会解决问题
Reading A、B3 书信 Julie和Samuel的困扰及Friend先生的回复 正确面对自己的问题，积极向他人寻求建议，找到合适的解决方法
重点单词
1. 青少年的 adj. ______
2. 分数 n. _______
3. 发疯的；生气的 adj. ______
4. 考试，测试 n. _______
5. 或许，可能 adv. _______
6. 处理 vi. _______
7. 选择 n. _______
→选择 v. _______
8. 除……外；只有 conj. & prep. ________
9. 醒着的 adj. ________
→醒来；叫醒 v. _______
10. 几乎不 adv. ______
11. 想象，设想 vt. & vi. ______
12. 怀疑 vt. ______
13. 值得；值……钱 adj. _______
14. 建议 n. _______
→建议 vt. _______
15. 原因 n. _______
16. 严格的，严厉的 adj. _______
17. 课业 n. ______
18. 宝贵的；贵重的 adj. _______
→价值 n. ______
19. 友谊 n. _______
20. 清单 n. _______
21. 根据 prep. ________
Comic strip-Welcome to the unit
知识讲解
1.Teenage problems 青少年的问题（教材 P34）
① teenage / ti ne d / adj. 青少年的
R通常用于名词前作定语。
teenager [名词]青少年
Professor Wang was making a speech on teenage problems to us at 2 yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午两点，王教授正在给我们做一个关于青少年问题的演讲。（2025 连云港中考）
Teenagers need 8 - 10 hours of sleep a day. 青少年每天需要 8—10 小时的睡眠。（陕西中考改编）
2.What's wrong, Eddie 怎么了，埃迪？（教材 P34）
② What's wrong 怎么了？
R该句式常用来询问对方有什么问题或有什么不顺心的事。
怎么了/出什么事了？
What's the trouble (with...)
What's the matter (with...)
What's wrong (with...)
Eg."What's the matter, dear What's wrong with you " asked her mom. "怎么了，亲爱的？你怎么了？"妈妈问她。（随州中考）
【典例 】（大连中考）—______
—I don't feel very well today. I've got a pain here.
A. Can I take your temperature
B. What's wrong with you
C. Do you have a cough
D. How long have you been like this
3.The TV is always on at my home. 我家的电视机总是开着。（教材 P35）
① be on 开着
R on [副词]处于工作状态或使用中
其反义词为 off(未连接；不工作)。
be on/off 延续性 可以与一段时间连用
turn on/off 短暂性 不能与一段时间连用
He must be in his room. The light in his room is on. 他一定在他房间里，他房间里的灯亮着。
The machine has been on for 10 hours. 这台机器已经开了 10 个小时了。
拓 be on 在上演，播出
When I hurried to the cinema, the film was still on. 当我匆匆赶到电影院时，电影仍然在放映。
4.The noise almost drives me mad. 那噪声几乎把我弄疯了。（教材 P35）
② mad/m d/ adj. 发疯的；生气的
R 在句中常作表语，其比较级和最高级分别为 madder、maddest。
还可表示"对某事/物痴迷"，此时"mad"意为"特别喜欢；痴迷"
This worry is driving me mad. 这烦恼真让我受不了。
I know that people get mad easily when they're under pressure. 我知道人们在压力下很容易生气。（抚顺中考）
You have no reason to be mad at/with me. 你没理由生我的气。
Albert is mad about football. 艾伯特对足球着迷。
5.Sometimes I feel lonely. 有时候我感到孤独。（教材 P35）
③ lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的
辨 lonely 与 alone
lonely [形容词]孤独的 可作表语和定语。 强调个人主观 上的"孤独感"。
alone [形容词]独自的;单独的 通常作表语或宾语补足语, 不作定语。 强调"独自一人"这一客观 事实,不含感 彩。
[副词]独自地;单独地
They live in a lonely village. 他们住在一个偏僻的村庄里。
语境串记
I am travelling alone in the lonely desert. I don't feel lonely though I am alone. 我独自在荒凉的沙漠中旅行，虽孤身一人，但并不感到寂寞。
6.Sometimes I get low marks in exams. 有时我考试分数很低。（教材 P35）
④ mark/mɑ k/ n. 分数
R [可数名词]
get high/low/full marks in... 在……中得到高/低/满分
Work hard and you will get high marks. 努力学习，你就会得高分。
He always gets full marks in all of his subjects. 他总是所有科目都得满分。（襄阳中考）
拓 (1)[动词]给……打分，评分
I spent 3 hours marking exam papers. 我花了三个小时阅卷评分。
(2)[动词]做标记，做记号
mark... with...|用……给……做标记|
mark... on...|在……上标记……|
Mark the new words with a red pen, please. 请用红笔给生词做标记。
Mark your names on the balloons. 把你们的名字写在气球上。
7.Perhaps you should manage your time better and go to bed earlier. 或许你应该更合理地安排你的时间，早点上床睡觉。（教材 P35）
同义词：maybe
⑤ perhaps/p h ps/adv. 或许，可能
Perhaps it will snow tomorrow. 明天可能会下雪。
This is perhaps his best novel. 这也许是他最好的小说。
It won't take so long next time, perhaps. 也许下次不用那么久。
⑥ manage v. 明智地使用（金钱、时间、信息等）
You need to manage your pocket money better. 你需要更合理地使用你的零花钱。
拓 (1)[动词]设法做成
manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
Although his family was very poor, his parents managed to send him to school. 虽然他家很穷，但他的父母仍设法送他去上学。（哈尔滨中考）
(2)[动词]管理，负责，经营
He manages a CD store. 他经营着一家唱片店。
【典例 】（2025·泰州中考）Zhang Hua, our monitor, is organized and thoughtful enough to ______ time well.
A. reduce
B. manage
C. control
D. influence
Reading
知识讲解
8.I have a problem, and I do not know how I should deal with it. 我有一个问题，我不知道该怎么处理它。（教材 P36）
过去式、过去分词均为 dealt
① deal with 处理，对付
辨 deal with 与 do with
两者均意为"处理"，区别如下：
deal with 常与how连用 Do you know how to deal with that problem 你知道如何处理那个问题吗
do with 常与what连用 I don't know what to do with these old clothes.我不知道怎样处理这些旧衣服。
【典例1 】根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。
（无锡中考）It's necessary for us to learn how to ______ (处理) with the stress in our daily life.
9.I have a lot of homework every day, and I have no choice but to do it. 我每天都有很多家庭作业，我别无选择，只能去做。（教材 P36）
② have no choice but to do... 除了做……别无选择
You have no choice but to try and keep up with others. 你别无选择，只能努力赶上别人。
③ choice/t s/ n. 选择
R [可数名词] make a choice 做出选择
It is important for us to make a wise choice when facing difficulties. 对我们来说，当遇到困难时做出明智的选择是很重要的。
拓 choose (chose, chosen) [动词]选择
choose (sb.) to do sth. 选择（某人）做某事
We chose to go by train. 我们选择乘火车去。
【典例2】 （2025·遂宁中考）—Which movie would you like to watch, Tracy
—Um... it's hard to make a ______.
A. survey
B. choice
C. call
D. wish
④ but/b t/ conj. & prep. 除……外；只有
(1)[连词]除……外；只有（此处用法）
无实义动词 do(does, did) + but + 动词不定式（带 to）
有实义动词 do(does, did) + but + 动词不定式（不带 to）
We have no choice but to ask for help. 除了求助我们别无选择。
What could he do but walk home 除了走回家，他还能干什么呢？
(2)[介词]除……外
I could come any day but Tuesday. 除了星期二，我哪天都能来。
10.I often have to stay up late. 我经常得熬夜。（教材 P36）
⑤ stay up 熬夜
R常与 late 连用，后不接宾语。
It's bad for your health to stay up late. 熬夜到很晚对你的健康有害。
拓 stay 构成的常见短语还有：
|stay away from|离开，不接近（某人）；不去（某处）|
|stay in|不外出；待在室内|
|stay out|待在户外；不在家|
【典例3】 完成句子，每空一词。
（重庆中考 B 卷）学生不应该熬夜，因为他们需要充足的睡眠。
Students should not ______ ______ because they need enough sleep.
11.Then I sometimes find it hard to stay awake the next day. 然后有时候我发现第二天很难保持清醒。（教材 P36）
反义词为 asleep"睡着的"
⑥ awake/ we k/ adj. 醒着的
在句中通常作表语或宾语补足语，不能作前置定语。
|half awake|半睡半醒|
|fully/wide awake|毫无睡意|
|stay awake|保持清醒|
The noise made him wide awake. 那噪声使他睡意全无。
I am so tired that I can hardly stay awake. 我太累了，几乎无法保持清醒。
拓 wake (woke, woken) [动词]醒来；唤醒
|wake up|醒，醒来|
|wake sb. up|把某人叫醒|
However, I hardly have any spare time for my hobbies like volleyball and music. 然而，我几乎没有任何空闲时间花在排球和音乐之类的业余爱好上。（教材 P36）
⑦ hardly/ hɑ dli/adv. 几乎不
★ (1) hardly 相当于 almost not，用于实义动词之前，连系动词、情态动词或助动词之后。
He could hardly believe his eyes. 他几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。
(2) hardly 出现在反意疑问句中时，后面的附加疑问部分通常要用肯定形式。有类似用法的词还有 seldom"很少"、never"从不"、few"很少"等。
John can hardly understand any Chinese, can he 约翰几乎听不懂中文，是吗？
12.I cannot imagine my life without hobbies. 我无法想象没有业余爱好的生活。（教材 P36）
⑧ imagine/ m d n/v. 想象，设想
R (1) imagine + 名词/代词 想象……
We can't imagine life without water. 我们无法想象没有水的生活。
(2) imagine sb./sth. as... 想象某人/某事是……
He didn't dare to imagine himself as a real artist. 他不敢把自己想象成一个真正的艺术家。
(3) imagine (sb.) doing sth. 想象（某人）做某事
I can't imagine working with them. 我无法想象与他们一起工作。
(4) imagine + 从句 想象……
Mr Smith couldn't imagine what had happened at all. 史密斯先生根本想象不到发生了什么事。
拓
imagine v. 想象，设想
imaginative adj. 富有想象力的
imagination n. 想象力
13.I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on homework. 我常常怀疑花这么多时间做家庭作业是否值得。（教材 P36）
⑨ doubt/da t/v. 怀疑
R [动词]具体用法如下：
(1) doubt + 名词/代词
I doubt his words. 我怀疑他说的话。
They doubted him before. 他们以前怀疑过他。
(2) doubt + 宾语从句
①在否定句和疑问句中，doubt 后面常接 that 引导的宾语从句，that 可省略。
I never doubted that he would come. 我从未怀疑过他会来。
Do you doubt (that) she will succeed 你怀疑她会成功吗？
②在肯定句中，doubt 后面一般接 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句。
Betty doubted if the watch was hers when she saw the lost and found notice. 贝蒂看到失物招领启事时，怀疑这块手表是否是她的。（温州中考）
拓 doubt [名词]疑惑；疑问
in doubt不肯定；不确定
(there is) no doubt无疑；很可能
without doubt毫无疑问；的确
We are in doubt what to do next. 我们不知道下一步要做什么。
There is no doubt that technology has had a big influence on our lives. 毫无疑问，科技对我们的生活有很大的影响。（十堰中考）
Bike - sharing brings us much convenience without doubt. 毫无疑问，共享单车给我们带来很多便利。
⑩ worth/w θ/adj. 值得；值……钱
★只能做表语，常与 be 动词构成系表结构。
be worth doing sth.|值得做某事|
be worth sth.|值得……|
be worth + 金额|值多少钱|
In short, Sichuan Opera is well worth watching. 简而言之，川剧很值得一看。（内江中考）
The museum is certainly worth a visit. 这家博物馆的确值得参观。
How much is the picture worth 这幅画值多少钱？
【典例4 】根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。
（2025·宿迁中考）The film Born to Fly is well w______ watching. You can't miss it.
14.I dream of a long holiday so that I could have more time for my hobbies. 我梦想有个长假，好让我能花更多时间在我的业余爱好上。（教材 P36）
so that 为了，以便
此处引导目的状语从句，相当于 in order that 结构。其从句谓语常常含有情态动词 can、could、may、might 等。
Students studied hard so that they could pass the exams. 学生们努力学习以便能通过考试。
【典例5】 完成句子，每空一词。
（广州中考）学好英语，以便我们能够与世界分享中国故事。
Learn English well ______ ______ we can share Chinese stories with the world.
15.Can you offer me some suggestions 您能给我提一些建议吗？（教材 P36）
offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 。近义短语为 provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb. 。
He offered me a glass of juice. = He offered a glass of juice to me. 他给了我一杯果汁。
Can you provide me with some hot water = Can you provide some hot water for me 你能给我提供一些热水吗？
拓 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
The kids offered to do the dishes. 孩子们主动要求洗盘子。
suggestion /s d est n/ n. 建议
suggestion 为可数名词，其同义词 advice 为不可数名词。
16.I am crazy about football. 我对足球很痴迷。（教材 P37）
be crazy about 对……着迷；热衷于……
★ 后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式。
Mike used to be crazy about playing basketball. 迈克曾经痴迷于打篮球。
【典例6】 完成句子。
（淮安中考）我们最好不要对盲盒着迷，否则我们会不停地买。
We had better not ______ ______ blind boxes, or we ______ them.
17.However, my love of football has become the cause of my problem. 然而,我对足球的热爱却成为我的问题的原因。(教材 P37)
cause/k z/n. 原因
[可数名词] the cause of ……的原因
The police are trying to find out the cause of the accident. 警方正尽力查明这起事故的原因。
拓 cause 的其他用法:
【典例7 】In my opinion, reading on mobile phones too often is the ______ of having poor eyesight.
A. cost
B. result
C. cause
D. symbol
18.Then I get into trouble because my parents do not allow me to play outside after 6 p.m. 然后我就遇到了麻烦,因为我的父母不允许我下午六点之后在外面玩。(教材 P37)
allow v. 允许
R[及物动词]
(1)allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
Our teachers don't allow us to use mobile phones in the school.我们的老师不允许我们在学校使用手机。(益阳中考)
(2)be (not) allowed to do sth. (不)被允许做某事
The students are not allowed to get their ears pierced. 学生们不被允许打耳洞。
【典例8】 根据所给提示完成句子。
(2025·广安中考改编)人们在图书馆时不允许大声说话。
People ______ talk loudly when they are in the library.
19.I do not understand why they are so strict with me. 我不明白他们为什么对我要求这么严格。(教材 P37)
strict/str kt/adj. 严格的,严厉的
be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
be strict about sth.对某事要求严格
A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others. 人应该严以律己,宽以待人。
Our English teacher is very strict about things like homework. 我们的英语老师对作业之类的事情要求很严格。
20.Is it bad to stay out late to play football 在外面踢球踢到很晚不好吗 (教材 P37)
stay out 待在户外;(晚上)不回家
R其后不接宾语。
His parents won't allow him to stay out late. 他父母不会允许他在外面待到很晚。
21.I wonder how I can achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies. 我想知道我怎样才能在课业和业余爱好之间取得平衡。(教材 P37)
achieve a balance between... and... 在……与……之间取得平衡
Rachieve[动词]取得;达到
balance[名词]平衡
Try to achieve a balance between work and relaxation. 尽量在工作和休闲之间取得平衡。
22.I look forward to your valuable advice. 我期待您宝贵的建议。(教材 P37)
look forward to 期待,盼望
Rto 在此处是介词,后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式作宾语。
We all look forward to the day when scientists discover more secrets of outer space. 我们都期待着科学家发现更多外太空奥秘的那一天。(2024 苏州中考)
valuable/ v lju bl/adj. 宝贵的;贵重的
R由"value (n. 价值)去 -e + -able(形容词后缀)"构成,在句中可作表语或定语,其反义词是 valueless 或 worthless。
Can you spare me a few minutes of your valuable time 我能占用你几分钟宝贵的时间吗
Real friendship is more valuable than money. 真正的友谊比金钱更宝贵。
拓 be valuable to sb. = be of value to sb. 对某人有价值
Your advice is valuable to me. = Your advice is of value to me. 你的建议对我很有价值。
词缀学习 -able 是常见的形容词后缀,意为"可……的;具有……性质的",通常加在名词或动词后,构成形容词。
reason n. 理由—reasonable adj. 有理由的
comfort n. 舒适—comfortable adj. 舒适的
eat v. 吃—eatable adj. 可食用的
imagine v. 想象—imaginable adj. 可想象的
【典例9】 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
(2024·淮安市淮阴区期中)To get a better result, some more ______ (value) steps need to be taken.
23.Make a list of all the homework you have. 把你所有的家庭作业列个清单。(教材 P39)
list/l st/n. 清单
R[可数名词]
make a list of...|列一份……的清单/名单
on the list|在表/清单/名单上
Make a list of the European countries you know. 列一份你所知道的欧洲国家的名单。
My name is on the list. 我的名字在名单上。
拓 [动词]列清单;把……列入一览表
We were asked to list our ten favourite songs. 我们被要求列出自己最喜爱的十首歌曲。
24.Then work out how much time you need to finish it all. 然后算出你需要多少时间把它全部完成。(教材 P39)
work out 算出;解决
R "动词 + 副词"型短语,后接名词或代词作宾语。
work + 代词 + out宾格形式
work out + 名词 = work + 名词 + out
You can work it out in this way. 你可以用这种方法解决它。
Finally I worked out this problem ( = worked this problem out) by myself. 最终我自己算出了这道题。
拓 与 out 相关的其他短语:
come out出来;开花;出版 put out扑灭 look out留神,当心 break out爆发
run out用完;耗尽 sell out售完 carry out实施;执行 cut out裁剪
find out查明,弄清 give out分发 turn out原来是,结果是 set out|出发
【典例10 】Diana and Lily should ______ the cost carefully for the holiday.
A. work out
B. take away
C. look after
D. pick up
25.What about choosing your hobby according to the time you have 根据你拥有的时间来选择你的业余爱好怎么样 (教材 P39)
according to/ k d t /prep. 根据
★后常接名词、代词或从句。
Please put the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs. 请根据标志将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱。
拓 according to 据……所说;据……报道
China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s, according to the World Bank. 据世界银行称,自二十世纪七十年代末以来,中国已帮助消除了全球百分之七十的贫困。(苏州中考)
课后小练习
一．词汇题
1. [2025 江苏苏州期中]Li Ping got full ______ (分数) in the spelling test.
2. ______ (或许；可能) you should go over what you've learnt as often as possible.
3. [2025江苏常州期中]David studies hard. I am sure he can pass the English ______ (考试).
4. —Did you sleep well last night
—Oh, no. Too much noise outside the hotel almost drove me ______ (疯狂的).
5. This clothing sells well to the ______ (青少年的) market.
6. [2025 江苏扬州调研]It is true that the young man reads ______ (little) than he used to.
7. These days I often feel ______ (tire). I need more sleep.
8. Nick hardly spends time on History. That's why he is ______ (get) worse and worse at it.
9. [2024 江苏句容调研]This must be the ______ (mad) idea I have ever heard.
10. [2024 江苏仪征调研]The square in our town is much ______ (noise) than before, especially in the morning.
11. [2025 江苏宿迁期中]It's amazing that a cow has four ______ (stomach).
12. [2024 江苏沭阳调研]He's never ______ (想象) what the world will be like without colours.
13. [2024 原创] Do you know what was the ______ (原因) of the accident
14. There seems to be no reason to ______ (怀疑) her story.
15. Time goes by, and good ______ (友谊) may be lost.
16. Before going to bed, Mr Brown usually makes a ______ (清单) of what he needs to do the next day.
17. [2025江苏无锡期中] He managed to stay ______ (wake) to finish his homework.
18. —John, would you mind sharing some housework with me
—Wait a minute, Mum. I ______ (list) the things that I should do during the new term.
19. My teacher always gives me some useful ______ (suggest).
20. [2024 江苏兴化质检]The heavy rain caused the rivers ______ (rise).
21. [2024 江苏泰州调研]We are looking forward to ______ (visit) the Great Wall.
二． 单项选择
1. —Why did you keep your clothes shop ______ last week
—Oh, I took a trip with my ______ friend Jenny.
A. closed; close
B. closing; close
C. closed; closed
D. close; closed
2. [2025黑龙江绥化中考·改编]—The old man lives ______, so he may feel ______.
—We should visit him twice a month.
A. alone; lonely
B. lonely; alone
C. alone; alone
D. lonely; lonely
3. [2024 江苏泰州质检]Jack is always ______ to wait for me without getting angry.
A. patient enough
B. too patient
C. enough patient
D. very patient
4. —Is there anyone in the room upstairs
—I think so. Look, the lights are still ______.
A. on
B. off
C. open
D. closed
5. The ______ boy fell ______ just now. Now he is ______.
A. sleepy; sleeping; asleep
B. sleeping; asleep; sleepy
C. sleepy; asleep; sleeping
D. sleeping; sleep; sleeping
6. Why not ______ your teacher for help when you can't finish ______ the story by yourself
A. to ask; write
B. to ask; writing
C. ask; writing
D. ask; to write
7. [2025 四川遂宁中考]—Which movie would you like to watch, Tracy
—Um... it's hard to make a ______.
A. survey
B. choice
C. call
D. wish
8. [2025辽宁营口中考]Hearing the 19th Asian Games would be held in Hangzhou, China, we could ______ control our feeling of pride.
A. really
B. hardly
C. nearly
D. clearly
9. [2025 江苏盐城调研]The music is fantastic and it is well worth ______.
A. listening
B. to listen to
C. being listened
D. listening to
10. —My teacher suggested ______ all the work in just two days.
—Really It's hard to imagine ______ so much work in such a short time.
A. to finish; doing
B. to finish; to do
C. finishing; to do
D. finishing; doing
11. [2025江苏盐城期中]—He is always seen to ______ to do his homework till midnight!
—Oh, he is a straight - A student (学霸). His notes are always ______ to us.
A. stay out; valuable
B. wake up; value
C. stay up; valuable
D. get up; value
12. —What are you going to do with the dog
—Well, my parents don't allow me to keep it, so I have no choice but to give it away.
A. have to
B. would like to
C. want to
D. am supposed toUnit 3 Teenage problems同步讲义（上）（Comic-Reading）
单元主题层级
主题范畴 人与自我；人与社会
主题群 做人与做事；社会服务与人际沟通
子主题 自我认识，自我管理，自我提升；情绪与行为的调节与管理；良好的人际关系与人际交往
单元语篇概览
板块 语篇 语篇类型 语篇内容 主题意义
Comic strip / 连环漫画 Eddie的烦恼 发现自己的问题，积极沟通
Welcome to the unit B 对话 Millie上课犯困的问题 寻找问题根源，学会解决问题
Reading A、B3 书信 Julie和Samuel的困扰及Friend先生的回复 正确面对自己的问题，积极向他人寻求建议，找到合适的解决方法
重点单词
1. 青少年的 adj. __teenage______
2. 分数 n. __mark______
3. 发疯的；生气的 adj. ____mad____
4. 考试，测试 n. ____exam____
5. 或许，可能 adv. ___perhaps_____
6. 处理 vi. ___deal_____
7. 选择 n. ___choice_____
→选择 v. __choose______
8. 除……外；只有 conj. & prep. ___but_____
9. 醒着的 adj. ___awake_____
→醒来；叫醒 v. __wake______
10. 几乎不 adv. __hardly______
11. 想象，设想 vt. & vi. ____imagine____
12. 怀疑 vt. ___doubt_____
13. 值得；值……钱 adj. ___worth_____
14. 建议 n. __suggestion______
→建议 vt. ___suggest_____
15. 原因 n. ____cause____
16. 严格的，严厉的 adj. ___strict_____
17. 课业 n. ____schoolwork____
18. 宝贵的；贵重的 adj. ___valuable_____
→价值 n. ___value_____
19. 友谊 n. _friendship_______
20. 清单 n. __list______
21. 根据 prep. ___according to_____
Comic strip-Welcome to the unit
知识讲解
1.Teenage problems 青少年的问题（教材 P34）
① teenage / ti ne d / adj. 青少年的
R通常用于名词前作定语。
teenager [名词]青少年
Professor Wang was making a speech on teenage problems to us at 2 yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午两点，王教授正在给我们做一个关于青少年问题的演讲。（2025 连云港中考）
Teenagers need 8 - 10 hours of sleep a day. 青少年每天需要 8—10 小时的睡眠。（陕西中考改编）
2.What's wrong, Eddie 怎么了，埃迪？（教材 P34）
② What's wrong 怎么了？
R该句式常用来询问对方有什么问题或有什么不顺心的事。
怎么了/出什么事了？
What's the trouble (with...)
What's the matter (with...)
What's wrong (with...)
Eg."What's the matter, dear What's wrong with you " asked her mom. "怎么了，亲爱的？你怎么了？"妈妈问她。（随州中考）
【典例 】（大连中考）—______
—I don't feel very well today. I've got a pain here.
A. Can I take your temperature
B. What's wrong with you
C. Do you have a cough
D. How long have you been like this
解析：根据答句句意"我今天感到不太舒服，这里有点痛。"可知，问句是询问对方的身体状况的。故选 B。
3.The TV is always on at my home. 我家的电视机总是开着。（教材 P35）
① be on 开着
R on [副词]处于工作状态或使用中
其反义词为 off(未连接；不工作)。
be on/off 延续性 可以与一段时间连用
turn on/off 短暂性 不能与一段时间连用
He must be in his room. The light in his room is on. 他一定在他房间里，他房间里的灯亮着。
The machine has been on for 10 hours. 这台机器已经开了 10 个小时了。
拓 be on 在上演，播出
When I hurried to the cinema, the film was still on. 当我匆匆赶到电影院时，电影仍然在放映。
4.The noise almost drives me mad. 那噪声几乎把我弄疯了。（教材 P35）
② mad/m d/ adj. 发疯的；生气的
R 在句中常作表语，其比较级和最高级分别为 madder、maddest。
还可表示"对某事/物痴迷"，此时"mad"意为"特别喜欢；痴迷"
This worry is driving me mad. 这烦恼真让我受不了。
I know that people get mad easily when they're under pressure. 我知道人们在压力下很容易生气。（抚顺中考）
You have no reason to be mad at/with me. 你没理由生我的气。
Albert is mad about football. 艾伯特对足球着迷。
5.Sometimes I feel lonely. 有时候我感到孤独。（教材 P35）
③ lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的
辨 lonely 与 alone
lonely [形容词]孤独的 可作表语和定语。 强调个人主观 上的"孤独感"。
alone [形容词]独自的;单独的 通常作表语或宾语补足语, 不作定语。 强调"独自一人"这一客观 事实,不含感 彩。
[副词]独自地;单独地
They live in a lonely village. 他们住在一个偏僻的村庄里。
语境串记
I am travelling alone in the lonely desert. I don't feel lonely though I am alone. 我独自在荒凉的沙漠中旅行，虽孤身一人，但并不感到寂寞。
6.Sometimes I get low marks in exams. 有时我考试分数很低。（教材 P35）
④ mark/mɑ k/ n. 分数
R [可数名词]
get high/low/full marks in... 在……中得到高/低/满分
Work hard and you will get high marks. 努力学习，你就会得高分。
He always gets full marks in all of his subjects. 他总是所有科目都得满分。（襄阳中考）
拓 (1)[动词]给……打分，评分
I spent 3 hours marking exam papers. 我花了三个小时阅卷评分。
(2)[动词]做标记，做记号
mark... with...|用……给……做标记|
mark... on...|在……上标记……|
Mark the new words with a red pen, please. 请用红笔给生词做标记。
Mark your names on the balloons. 把你们的名字写在气球上。
7.Perhaps you should manage your time better and go to bed earlier. 或许你应该更合理地安排你的时间，早点上床睡觉。（教材 P35）
同义词：maybe
⑤ perhaps/p h ps/adv. 或许，可能
Perhaps it will snow tomorrow. 明天可能会下雪。
This is perhaps his best novel. 这也许是他最好的小说。
It won't take so long next time, perhaps. 也许下次不用那么久。
⑥ manage v. 明智地使用（金钱、时间、信息等）
You need to manage your pocket money better. 你需要更合理地使用你的零花钱。
拓 (1)[动词]设法做成
manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
Although his family was very poor, his parents managed to send him to school. 虽然他家很穷，但他的父母仍设法送他去上学。（哈尔滨中考）
(2)[动词]管理，负责，经营
He manages a CD store. 他经营着一家唱片店。
【典例 】（2025·泰州中考）Zhang Hua, our monitor, is organized and thoughtful enough to ______ time well.
A. reduce
B. manage
C. control
D. influence
解析：句意：我们的班长张华做事有条理，考虑周到，能很好地利用时间。reduce"减少；降低"；manage"明智地使用（金钱、时间、信息等）"；control"控制"；influence"影响"。根据语境可知选 B。
Reading
知识讲解
8.I have a problem, and I do not know how I should deal with it. 我有一个问题，我不知道该怎么处理它。（教材 P36）
过去式、过去分词均为 dealt
① deal with 处理，对付
辨 deal with 与 do with
两者均意为"处理"，区别如下：
deal with 常与how连用 Do you know how to deal with that problem 你知道如何处理那个问题吗
do with 常与what连用 I don't know what to do with these old clothes.我不知道怎样处理这些旧衣服。
【典例1 】根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。
（无锡中考）It's necessary for us to learn how to ______ (处理) with the stress in our daily life.
解析：句意：对我们而言，学会如何处理我们日常生活中的压力是有必要的。deal with 和 do with 均表示"处理"，根据空前的 how 可知填 deal。
9.I have a lot of homework every day, and I have no choice but to do it. 我每天都有很多家庭作业，我别无选择，只能去做。（教材 P36）
② have no choice but to do... 除了做……别无选择
You have no choice but to try and keep up with others. 你别无选择，只能努力赶上别人。
③ choice/t s/ n. 选择
R [可数名词] make a choice 做出选择
It is important for us to make a wise choice when facing difficulties. 对我们来说，当遇到困难时做出明智的选择是很重要的。
拓 choose (chose, chosen) [动词]选择
choose (sb.) to do sth. 选择（某人）做某事
We chose to go by train. 我们选择乘火车去。
【典例2】 （2025·遂宁中考）—Which movie would you like to watch, Tracy
—Um... it's hard to make a ______.
A. survey
B. choice
C. call
D. wish
解析：句意："特蕾西，你想要看哪部电影？""嗯……很难做出选择。"survey"调查"；choice"选择"；call"通话"；wish"祝福，愿望"。根据语气词 Um 可判断出是很难做出选择，故选 B。
④ but/b t/ conj. & prep. 除……外；只有
(1)[连词]除……外；只有（此处用法）
无实义动词 do(does, did) + but + 动词不定式（带 to）
有实义动词 do(does, did) + but + 动词不定式（不带 to）
We have no choice but to ask for help. 除了求助我们别无选择。
What could he do but walk home 除了走回家，他还能干什么呢？
(2)[介词]除……外
I could come any day but Tuesday. 除了星期二，我哪天都能来。
10.I often have to stay up late. 我经常得熬夜。（教材 P36）
⑤ stay up 熬夜
R常与 late 连用，后不接宾语。
It's bad for your health to stay up late. 熬夜到很晚对你的健康有害。
拓 stay 构成的常见短语还有：
|stay away from|离开，不接近（某人）；不去（某处）|
|stay in|不外出；待在室内|
|stay out|待在户外；不在家|
【典例3】 完成句子，每空一词。
（重庆中考 B 卷）学生不应该熬夜，因为他们需要充足的睡眠。
Students should not ______ ______ because they need enough sleep.
答案：stay up
11.Then I sometimes find it hard to stay awake the next day. 然后有时候我发现第二天很难保持清醒。（教材 P36）
反义词为 asleep"睡着的"
⑥ awake/ we k/ adj. 醒着的
在句中通常作表语或宾语补足语，不能作前置定语。
|half awake|半睡半醒|
|fully/wide awake|毫无睡意|
|stay awake|保持清醒|
The noise made him wide awake. 那噪声使他睡意全无。
I am so tired that I can hardly stay awake. 我太累了，几乎无法保持清醒。
拓 wake (woke, woken) [动词]醒来；唤醒
|wake up|醒，醒来|
|wake sb. up|把某人叫醒|
However, I hardly have any spare time for my hobbies like volleyball and music. 然而，我几乎没有任何空闲时间花在排球和音乐之类的业余爱好上。（教材 P36）
⑦ hardly/ hɑ dli/adv. 几乎不
★ (1) hardly 相当于 almost not，用于实义动词之前，连系动词、情态动词或助动词之后。
He could hardly believe his eyes. 他几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。
(2) hardly 出现在反意疑问句中时，后面的附加疑问部分通常要用肯定形式。有类似用法的词还有 seldom"很少"、never"从不"、few"很少"等。
John can hardly understand any Chinese, can he 约翰几乎听不懂中文，是吗？
12.I cannot imagine my life without hobbies. 我无法想象没有业余爱好的生活。（教材 P36）
⑧ imagine/ m d n/v. 想象，设想
R (1) imagine + 名词/代词 想象……
We can't imagine life without water. 我们无法想象没有水的生活。
(2) imagine sb./sth. as... 想象某人/某事是……
He didn't dare to imagine himself as a real artist. 他不敢把自己想象成一个真正的艺术家。
(3) imagine (sb.) doing sth. 想象（某人）做某事
I can't imagine working with them. 我无法想象与他们一起工作。
(4) imagine + 从句 想象……
Mr Smith couldn't imagine what had happened at all. 史密斯先生根本想象不到发生了什么事。
拓
imagine v. 想象，设想
imaginative adj. 富有想象力的
imagination n. 想象力
13.I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on homework. 我常常怀疑花这么多时间做家庭作业是否值得。（教材 P36）
⑨ doubt/da t/v. 怀疑
R [动词]具体用法如下：
(1) doubt + 名词/代词
I doubt his words. 我怀疑他说的话。
They doubted him before. 他们以前怀疑过他。
(2) doubt + 宾语从句
①在否定句和疑问句中，doubt 后面常接 that 引导的宾语从句，that 可省略。
I never doubted that he would come. 我从未怀疑过他会来。
Do you doubt (that) she will succeed 你怀疑她会成功吗？
②在肯定句中，doubt 后面一般接 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句。
Betty doubted if the watch was hers when she saw the lost and found notice. 贝蒂看到失物招领启事时，怀疑这块手表是否是她的。（温州中考）
拓 doubt [名词]疑惑；疑问
in doubt不肯定；不确定
(there is) no doubt无疑；很可能
without doubt毫无疑问；的确
We are in doubt what to do next. 我们不知道下一步要做什么。
There is no doubt that technology has had a big influence on our lives. 毫无疑问，科技对我们的生活有很大的影响。（十堰中考）
Bike - sharing brings us much convenience without doubt. 毫无疑问，共享单车给我们带来很多便利。
⑩ worth/w θ/adj. 值得；值……钱
★只能做表语，常与 be 动词构成系表结构。
be worth doing sth.|值得做某事|
be worth sth.|值得……|
be worth + 金额|值多少钱|
In short, Sichuan Opera is well worth watching. 简而言之，川剧很值得一看。（内江中考）
The museum is certainly worth a visit. 这家博物馆的确值得参观。
How much is the picture worth 这幅画值多少钱？
【典例4 】根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。
（2025·宿迁中考）The film Born to Fly is well w______ watching. You can't miss it.
答案：worth
14.I dream of a long holiday so that I could have more time for my hobbies. 我梦想有个长假，好让我能花更多时间在我的业余爱好上。（教材 P36）
so that 为了，以便
此处引导目的状语从句，相当于 in order that 结构。其从句谓语常常含有情态动词 can、could、may、might 等。
Students studied hard so that they could pass the exams. 学生们努力学习以便能通过考试。
【典例5】 完成句子，每空一词。
（广州中考）学好英语，以便我们能够与世界分享中国故事。
Learn English well ______ ______ we can share Chinese stories with the world.
答案：so that
15.Can you offer me some suggestions 您能给我提一些建议吗？（教材 P36）
offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 。近义短语为 provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb. 。
He offered me a glass of juice. = He offered a glass of juice to me. 他给了我一杯果汁。
Can you provide me with some hot water = Can you provide some hot water for me 你能给我提供一些热水吗？
拓 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
The kids offered to do the dishes. 孩子们主动要求洗盘子。
suggestion /s d est n/ n. 建议
suggestion 为可数名词，其同义词 advice 为不可数名词。
16.I am crazy about football. 我对足球很痴迷。（教材 P37）
be crazy about 对……着迷；热衷于……
★ 后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式。
Mike used to be crazy about playing basketball. 迈克曾经痴迷于打篮球。
【典例6】 完成句子。
（淮安中考）我们最好不要对盲盒着迷，否则我们会不停地买。
We had better not ______ ______ blind boxes, or we ______ them.
答案：be crazy about；can't stop buying/will keep buying
17.However, my love of football has become the cause of my problem. 然而,我对足球的热爱却成为我的问题的原因。(教材 P37)
cause/k z/n. 原因
[可数名词] the cause of ……的原因
The police are trying to find out the cause of the accident. 警方正尽力查明这起事故的原因。
拓 cause 的其他用法:
【典例7 】In my opinion, reading on mobile phones too often is the ______ of having poor eyesight.
A. cost
B. result
C. cause
D. symbol
解析: 句意:依我看,太过频繁地在手机上阅读是视力不好的原因。cost"费用";result"结果";cause"原因";symbol"象征"。故选 C。
18.Then I get into trouble because my parents do not allow me to play outside after 6 p.m. 然后我就遇到了麻烦,因为我的父母不允许我下午六点之后在外面玩。(教材 P37)
allow v. 允许
R[及物动词]
(1)allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
Our teachers don't allow us to use mobile phones in the school.我们的老师不允许我们在学校使用手机。(益阳中考)
(2)be (not) allowed to do sth. (不)被允许做某事
The students are not allowed to get their ears pierced. 学生们不被允许打耳洞。
【典例8】 根据所给提示完成句子。
(2025·广安中考改编)人们在图书馆时不允许大声说话。
People ______ talk loudly when they are in the library.
答案: are not allowed to
19.I do not understand why they are so strict with me. 我不明白他们为什么对我要求这么严格。(教材 P37)
strict/str kt/adj. 严格的,严厉的
be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
be strict about sth.对某事要求严格
A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others. 人应该严以律己,宽以待人。
Our English teacher is very strict about things like homework. 我们的英语老师对作业之类的事情要求很严格。
20.Is it bad to stay out late to play football 在外面踢球踢到很晚不好吗 (教材 P37)
stay out 待在户外;(晚上)不回家
R其后不接宾语。
His parents won't allow him to stay out late. 他父母不会允许他在外面待到很晚。
21.I wonder how I can achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies. 我想知道我怎样才能在课业和业余爱好之间取得平衡。(教材 P37)
achieve a balance between... and... 在……与……之间取得平衡
Rachieve[动词]取得;达到
balance[名词]平衡
Try to achieve a balance between work and relaxation. 尽量在工作和休闲之间取得平衡。
22.I look forward to your valuable advice. 我期待您宝贵的建议。(教材 P37)
look forward to 期待,盼望
Rto 在此处是介词,后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式作宾语。
We all look forward to the day when scientists discover more secrets of outer space. 我们都期待着科学家发现更多外太空奥秘的那一天。(2024 苏州中考)
valuable/ v lju bl/adj. 宝贵的;贵重的
R由"value (n. 价值)去 -e + -able(形容词后缀)"构成,在句中可作表语或定语,其反义词是 valueless 或 worthless。
Can you spare me a few minutes of your valuable time 我能占用你几分钟宝贵的时间吗
Real friendship is more valuable than money. 真正的友谊比金钱更宝贵。
拓 be valuable to sb. = be of value to sb. 对某人有价值
Your advice is valuable to me. = Your advice is of value to me. 你的建议对我很有价值。
词缀学习 -able 是常见的形容词后缀,意为"可……的;具有……性质的",通常加在名词或动词后,构成形容词。
reason n. 理由—reasonable adj. 有理由的
comfort n. 舒适—comfortable adj. 舒适的
eat v. 吃—eatable adj. 可食用的
imagine v. 想象—imaginable adj. 可想象的
【典例9】 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
(2024·淮安市淮阴区期中)To get a better result, some more ______ (value) steps need to be taken.
答案: valuable
23.Make a list of all the homework you have. 把你所有的家庭作业列个清单。(教材 P39)
list/l st/n. 清单
R[可数名词]
make a list of...|列一份……的清单/名单
on the list|在表/清单/名单上
Make a list of the European countries you know. 列一份你所知道的欧洲国家的名单。
My name is on the list. 我的名字在名单上。
拓 [动词]列清单;把……列入一览表
We were asked to list our ten favourite songs. 我们被要求列出自己最喜爱的十首歌曲。
24.Then work out how much time you need to finish it all. 然后算出你需要多少时间把它全部完成。(教材 P39)
work out 算出;解决
R "动词 + 副词"型短语,后接名词或代词作宾语。
work + 代词 + out宾格形式
work out + 名词 = work + 名词 + out
You can work it out in this way. 你可以用这种方法解决它。
Finally I worked out this problem ( = worked this problem out) by myself. 最终我自己算出了这道题。
拓 与 out 相关的其他短语:
come out出来;开花;出版 put out扑灭 look out留神,当心 break out爆发
run out用完;耗尽 sell out售完 carry out实施;执行 cut out裁剪
find out查明,弄清 give out分发 turn out原来是,结果是 set out|出发
【典例10 】Diana and Lily should ______ the cost carefully for the holiday.
A. work out
B. take away
C. look after
D. pick up
解析: 句意:戴安娜和莉莉应该仔细算出度假的费用。work out"解决,计算出";take away"带走";look after"照顾";pick up"拿起"。根据句意可知,选 A。
25.What about choosing your hobby according to the time you have 根据你拥有的时间来选择你的业余爱好怎么样 (教材 P39)
according to/ k d t /prep. 根据
★后常接名词、代词或从句。
Please put the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs. 请根据标志将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱。
拓 according to 据……所说;据……报道
China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s, according to the World Bank. 据世界银行称,自二十世纪七十年代末以来,中国已帮助消除了全球百分之七十的贫困。(苏州中考)
课后小练习
一．词汇题
1. [2025 江苏苏州期中]Li Ping got full ______ (分数) in the spelling test.
2. ______ (或许；可能) you should go over what you've learnt as often as possible.
3. [2025江苏常州期中]David studies hard. I am sure he can pass the English ______ (考试).
4. —Did you sleep well last night
—Oh, no. Too much noise outside the hotel almost drove me ______ (疯狂的).
5. This clothing sells well to the ______ (青少年的) market.
6. [2025 江苏扬州调研]It is true that the young man reads ______ (little) than he used to.
7. These days I often feel ______ (tire). I need more sleep.
8. Nick hardly spends time on History. That's why he is ______ (get) worse and worse at it.
9. [2024 江苏句容调研]This must be the ______ (mad) idea I have ever heard.
10. [2024 江苏仪征调研]The square in our town is much ______ (noise) than before, especially in the morning.
11. [2025 江苏宿迁期中]It's amazing that a cow has four ______ (stomach).
12. [2024 江苏沭阳调研]He's never ______ (想象) what the world will be like without colours.
13. [2024 原创] Do you know what was the ______ (原因) of the accident
14. There seems to be no reason to ______ (怀疑) her story.
15. Time goes by, and good ______ (友谊) may be lost.
16. Before going to bed, Mr Brown usually makes a ______ (清单) of what he needs to do the next day.
17. [2025江苏无锡期中] He managed to stay ______ (wake) to finish his homework.
18. —John, would you mind sharing some housework with me
—Wait a minute, Mum. I ______ (list) the things that I should do during the new term.
19. My teacher always gives me some useful ______ (suggest).
20. [2024 江苏兴化质检]The heavy rain caused the rivers ______ (rise).
21. [2024 江苏泰州调研]We are looking forward to ______ (visit) the Great Wall.
二． 单项选择
1. —Why did you keep your clothes shop ______ last week
—Oh, I took a trip with my ______ friend Jenny.
A. closed; close
B. closing; close
C. closed; closed
D. close; closed
2. [2025黑龙江绥化中考·改编]—The old man lives ______, so he may feel ______.
—We should visit him twice a month.
A. alone; lonely
B. lonely; alone
C. alone; alone
D. lonely; lonely
3. [2024 江苏泰州质检]Jack is always ______ to wait for me without getting angry.
A. patient enough
B. too patient
C. enough patient
D. very patient
4. —Is there anyone in the room upstairs
—I think so. Look, the lights are still ______.
A. on
B. off
C. open
D. closed
5. The ______ boy fell ______ just now. Now he is ______.
A. sleepy; sleeping; asleep
B. sleeping; asleep; sleepy
C. sleepy; asleep; sleeping
D. sleeping; sleep; sleeping
6. Why not ______ your teacher for help when you can't finish ______ the story by yourself
A. to ask; write
B. to ask; writing
C. ask; writing
D. ask; to write
7. [2025 四川遂宁中考]—Which movie would you like to watch, Tracy
—Um... it's hard to make a ______.
A. survey
B. choice
C. call
D. wish
8. [2025辽宁营口中考]Hearing the 19th Asian Games would be held in Hangzhou, China, we could ______ control our feeling of pride.
A. really
B. hardly
C. nearly
D. clearly
9. [2025 江苏盐城调研]The music is fantastic and it is well worth ______.
A. listening
B. to listen to
C. being listened
D. listening to
10. —My teacher suggested ______ all the work in just two days.
—Really It's hard to imagine ______ so much work in such a short time.
A. to finish; doing
B. to finish; to do
C. finishing; to do
D. finishing; doing
11. [2025江苏盐城期中]—He is always seen to ______ to do his homework till midnight!
—Oh, he is a straight - A student (学霸). His notes are always ______ to us.
A. stay out; valuable
B. wake up; value
C. stay up; valuable
D. get up; value
12. —What are you going to do with the dog
—Well, my parents don't allow me to keep it, so I have no choice but to give it away.
A. have to
B. would like to
C. want to
D. am supposed to
一、词汇题
1. 答案：marks
解析：“分数”常用“mark”，是可数名词，“full marks”表示“满分”，所以用复数形式“marks”。
2. 答案：Maybe
解析：“或许；可能”对应的英文单词是“Maybe”，位于句首，首字母大写。
3. 答案：exam
解析：“考试”的英文是“exam”，此处表示“英语考试”，用单数形式即可。
4. 答案：crazy
解析：“疯狂的”英文是“crazy”，“drive sb. crazy”是固定短语，意为“使某人发疯”。
5. 答案：teenage
解析：“青少年的”英文是“teenage”，修饰“market”，用形容词形式。
6. 答案：less
解析：根据“than”可知要用比较级，“little”的比较级是“less”。
7. 答案：tired
解析：“feel”是系动词，后接形容词，“tire”的形容词形式“tired”表示“感到疲倦的”，用来形容人。
8. 答案：getting
解析：“is”后接现在分词，构成现在进行时，“get”的现在分词是“getting”。
9. 答案：maddest
解析：根据“the”和“I have ever heard”可知要用最高级，“mad”的最高级是“maddest”。
10. 答案：noisier
解析：根据“than”可知要用比较级，“noise”的形容词形式“noisy”的比较级是“noisier”。
11. 答案：stomachs
解析：“stomach”是可数名词，前面有“four”修饰，所以用复数形式“stomachs”。
12. 答案：imagined
解析：“has + 过去分词”构成现在完成时，“imagine”的过去分词是“imagined”。
13. 答案：cause
解析：“原因”的英文是“cause”，“the cause of...”表示“……的原因”。
14. 答案：doubt
解析：“to”后接动词原形，“怀疑”的英文是“doubt”。
15. 答案：friendship
解析：“友谊”的英文是“friendship”，是不可数名词。
16. 答案：list
解析：“清单”的英文是“list”，“make a list of...”表示“列……的清单”。
17. 答案：awake
解析：“stay”是系动词，后接形容词，“wake”的形容词形式“awake”表示“醒着的”。
18. 答案：am listing
解析：根据语境，此处表示正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，结构为“be + 现在分词”，主语是“I”，所以用“am listing”。
19. 答案：suggestions
解析：“suggest”的名词形式是“suggestion”，是可数名词，“some”后接可数名词复数，所以用“suggestions”。
20. 答案：to rise
解析：“cause sb./sth. to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“导致某人/某物做某事”，所以用“to rise”。
21. 答案：visiting
解析：“look forward to”中“to”是介词，后接动名词，所以用“visiting”。
二、单项选择
1. 答案：A
解析：“keep + 宾语 + 形容词”表示“使……保持某种状态”，“closed”是形容词，意为“关闭的”；“close”作形容词，意为“亲密的”，修饰“friend”，所以选A。
2. 答案：A
解析：“alone”表示“独自地”，强调客观上独自一人；“lonely”表示“孤独的”，强调主观上的感受。第一空表示老人独自居住，用“alone”；第二空表示他可能感到孤独，用“lonely”，所以选A。
3. 答案：A
解析：“enough”修饰形容词时要后置，“patient enough”表示“足够有耐心的”，所以选A。
4. 答案：A
解析：“on”表示“开着的”，“off”表示“关着的”，“open”表示“开着的（门、窗等）”，“closed”表示“关着的（门、窗等）”。根据“Is there anyone in the room upstairs ”可知，灯还亮着，所以用“on”，选A。
5. 答案：C
解析：“sleepy”表示“困倦的”；“asleep”表示“睡着的”，常作表语；“sleeping”表示“正在睡觉的”。第一空表示“困倦的男孩”，用“sleepy”；第二空“fall asleep”是固定短语，意为“入睡”；第三空表示“正在睡觉”，用“sleeping”，所以选C。
6. 答案：C
解析：“Why not + 动词原形”表示“为什么不……”；“finish doing sth.”表示“完成做某事”，所以选C。
7. 答案：B
解析：“make a choice”是固定短语，意为“做出选择”，所以选B。
8. 答案：B
解析：“hardly”表示“几乎不”，“really”表示“真正地”，“nearly”表示“几乎”，“clearly”表示“清楚地”。根据语境，听到亚运会将在杭州举办，我们几乎不能控制自豪感，所以选B。
9. 答案：D
解析：“be worth doing sth.”表示“值得做某事”，“listen”是不及物动词，接宾语时要加“to”，所以用“listening to”，选D。
10. 答案：D
解析：“suggest doing sth.”表示“建议做某事”；“imagine doing sth.”表示“想象做某事”，所以选D。
11. 答案：C
解析：“stay up”表示“熬夜”；“valuable”是形容词，意为“有价值的”，“be valuable to sb.”表示“对某人有价值”，所以选C。
12. 答案：A
解析：“have no choice but to do sth.”表示“别无选择只能做某事”，与“have to”（不得不）意思相近，所以选A。
