Unit 7 The natural world 导学案+练习（含答案）译林版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 7 The natural world 知识点
重要短语句型：
是...栖息地 _____________________________________________
位于沙漠和森林之间 _____________________________________________
昼夜温差 _____________________________________________
把水分保存在叶子里 _____________________________________________
在...和...之间保持平衡 _____________________________________________
像巨大的海绵一样储存水分 ___________________________________________
占地球陆地面积的近三分之一 ___________________________________________
减缓气候变化 ______________________________________
为...提供食物和躲避处 ______________________________________
导致野生动物的生存空间越来越小 ______________________________________
使用环保产品 ________________________________
解决问题 ________________________________
发挥作用 ______________________________________
阻止...做某事 ______________________________________
使...变成更好的地方 ______________________________________
造成...做某事 ___________________________________
建立... ____________________________________________
制定法律做某事 ____________________________________________
它覆盖大约71%的地球表面，产生地球上大约70%的氧气。
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扎龙自然保护区位于中国东北部的黑龙江省。
_______________________________________________________________________________
教育和知识是帮助保证森林安全的有用工具。
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许多鸟终年生活在扎龙，而有些鸟仅去那里作短暂停留。
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加入环保组织，做志愿者是很有意义的。
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Welcome to the unit
1. Rainforests are home to over half of all the types of animals and plants on earth.
热带雨林是地球上一半以上所有种类的动植物的家园。 教材P93
[解析] be home to意为“是...的家园”，
强调某地作为生物、物种或人群的自然栖息地或聚集地。
> The Amazon rainforest is home to thousands of species. 亚马逊雨林是数千物种的家园。
[拓展] be home to还意为“是…的所在地”。
描述某地作为机构、组织或标志性建筑的物理空间或总部。
> New York is home to many famous museums and art galleries.
纽约是许多著名博物馆和艺术画廊的所在地。
2. Yes. the climate in deserts is so awful that only a few animals and plants can live there.
是的，沙漠的气候非常恶劣，只有少数动植物能够在那里存活。 教材P93
(1) [解析] climate 名词，意为“气候”，
指某地区长期稳定的天气特征，如温度、降水等，可作主语或宾语。
climate change意为“气候变化”
> The climate here _______ very pleasant. 这里的气候非常宜人。
> She adapted herself quickly to the new climate. 她很快适应了新气候。
[辨析] climate与weather
climate 意为“气候” 是指长期的、宏观的气候状况
weather 意为“天气” 侧重于指短期的、具体的天气情况
[一言辨异]
The climate in Hainan is warm all year, and the weather is usually sunny, so many people like to travel there. 海南的气候终年温暖，天气通常是阳光明媚,所以很多人喜欢去那里旅游。
(2)[解析] "so... that"意为“如此...以至于” so后接形容词或副词, that引导结果语从句，即固定结构“so+形容词/副词+that从句”。
> She ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with her. 她跑得如此快以至于我追不上她。
> The music was so loud that we couldn't hear each other.
音乐太吵，我们听不清彼此说话。
[拓展]
固定结构“so+形容词+a/an +可数名词单数+ that从句”.
> It is so beautiful a day that we want to go out for a walk.
天气如此好以至于我们想出去散步。
固定结构“so+many/much/few/little +名词+ that从句”.
> There are so many people in the hall that it is very crowded.
大厅里有如此多人以至于非常拥挤。
[辨析] so...that... such...that... so that...
so...that... 意为“如此...以至于...” so修饰形容词/副词，表程度导致结果
such...that... 意为“如此...以至于...” such修饰名词，表程度导致结果
so that... 意为“以便，为了” 可表目的(常含情态动词)或结果(无情态动词)
> She ran so fast that she won. 她跑得如此快以至于赢了。
> It was such a hot day that we stayed indoors. 天太热，我们待在屋里。
> He studied hard so that he could pass the exam. 他努力学习以便通过考试。
Reading
1. An ecosystem includes all the living and non-living things in an area.
生态系统包括一个地区的所有生物和非生物。 教材P94
[解析] include 动词，意为“包括”，指整体包含部分或列举若干事物时提及其中一部分。
> The list ________________ many famous names. 这份名单包括许多著名的名字。
> The package includes a book and a CD. 包裹包含一本书和一张光盘。
[拓展] including为include的现在分词，在句中主要起介词作用，意为“包括；包含”。
> There are five people in the room, including two children. 房间里有五个人，包括两个孩子。
2. It covers around 71% of the earth's surface and produces about 70% of the earth's oxygen.
它覆盖大约71%的地球表面，产生地球上大约70%的氧气。 教材P94
[解析] around 副词，意为大约“，相当于about, 表示对时间、数量等进行不精确的估计。
> The trip costs around $ 100. 旅行费用大约100美元。
> There are around 50 students in the class. 这个班大约有50名学生。
[拓展]
around作副词，还意为“周围；四处；环绕；围绕”等。
> There was no one else around. 周围没有其他人。
> This is our new office. I will show you around. 这是我们的新办公室。我将带你参观一下。
around作介词，意为“围绕；环绕”等，后接词、代词或动名词，构成介词短语。
> There are trees around the house. 房子周围有树。
> The children are running around the playground. 孩子们正绕着操场跑步。
3. It holds plenty of salt water, and the water rises to the sky, falls onto the land and then returns to the ocean.
它容纳大量海水，水分升上天空，落到陆地上，然后流回海洋。 教材P94
[解析] hold 动词，意为“容纳”，过去式为held,后可直接跟宾语。
> The hall can hold 500 people. 这个大厅能容钠500人。
> This suitcase holds a lot of clothes. 这个手提箱装了很多衣服。
[拓展] hold作动词，还意为“拿着；举行；拥有；保持(状态);支撑 的重量”等。
hold sth. in one's hand意为“把某物拿在某人手里”
hold a meeting/party意为“举行会议/派对” hold on意为“稍等；坚持”
> She held the baby in her arms. 她把婴儿抱在怀里。
> The chair can't hold your weight. 这把椅子承受不了你的重量。
4. Plants in wetlands help get rid of pollution, and make the water clean.
湿地中的植物有助于消除污染，清洁水体。 教材P95
[解析] get rid of意为“清除；摆脱”，动词短语,后面接宾语，构成get rid of sb. /sth.
get rid of these old clothes意为“处理掉这些旧衣服”
> He finally got rid of his bad habit. 他最终改掉了他的坏习惯。
> We need to got rid of the rubbish in the corner. 我们需要把角落里的垃域清除掉。
5. Wetlands con also help prevent floods. 湿地也可以帮助防止洪水。 教材P95
[解析] prevent 动词，意为“防止，阻止”。
prevent sb. (from) _______________ sth. 意为“阻止某人做某事”
> Sometimes it's difficult to prevent some diseases. 有时预防一些疾病是困难的。
> His parents prevent him from playing computer games. 他的父母凯止他玩电脑游戏。
[拓展] prevent sb. (from) doing sth.的同义结构有：
stop sb. (from) doing sth. keep sb. from doing sth.
> The heavy rain prevented/stopped/kept us from going to the park.
大雨阻止了我们去公园。
6. During heavy rains, wetlands store water like giant sponges.
在大雨期间，湿地像巨大的海绵一样储存水分。 教材P95
[解析] store 动词，意为”贮存”，后而可直接跟宾语。
> We store food in the fridge to keep it fresh. 我们把食物储存在冰箱里以保持新鲜。
> She stores her winter clothes in the attic. 她把冬衣存放在阁楼里。
[拓展] store作名词，意为“商店”，美式英语。相当于英式英语中的shop.
> I went to the store to buy some groceries. 我去商店买了一些食品杂货。
7. Therefore, people often call forests the"lungs" of the earth.
因此，人们常称森林为地球的“肺”。 教材P96
[解析] therefore 副词，意为“因此”，在句中通作状语，起到承接上文、引出结果的作用。
并不修饰某个具体的词，而是修饰整个句子，表明句子间的逻辑关系。
当其置于句首，用逗号与后面的句子隔开。
> Therefore, we can know the experiment was a success.
因此，我们可以得知这个实验是成功的。
> She studied hard Therefore, she passed. 她努力学习，因此她通过了。
8. Sadly, we're facing a serious problem with ocean pollution.
不幸地，我们正面临着严蛋的海洋污染问题。 教材P97
[解析] sadly 副词，意为“不幸地；悲伤地”，置于句首修饰整个句子，也可用来修饰动词。
> Sadly, they didn't come yesterday. 令人遗憾的是，他们昨天没来。
> When she heard the news. the cried sadly. 当地听到这个消息时，她伤心地哭了。
[拓展] sadly adv. sad adj. sadness n.
[语境串记]
Tom's grandfather's death made him very sad. He cried sadly for his sadness.
汤姆爷爷的去世使他很伤心，他因悲伤而伤心地哭了起来。
[例] The young mother went out of the bedroom, leaving her daughter crying _________.
A. sadly B. happily C. lonely D. angrily
9. If we don't, the plastic will harm the balance of the ocean ecosystem.
如果我们不这样做，塑料将损害海洋生态系统的平衡。 教材P97
[解析] harm 动词，意为“伤害，损害”，在句中作谓语，后面可直接跟人或物。
harm oneself 意为“伤害自己” harm one's health意为“损害某人的健康”
> His words harmed her feelings. 他的话伤害了她的感情。
> The chemical waste is harming the fish in the river. 化学废物正在伤害河里的鱼。
[拓展]
harm作名词，意为“伤害，损害”。固定结构： do harm to意为“对…造成伤害”
> Smoking does harm to your lungs. 吸烟对你的肺造成伤害。
harmful 形容词，意为“有害的” 反义词harm_______ 意为“无害的”
> Polluted air is harmful to people's health. 被污染的空气对人们的健康有害。
Grammar
1. We should build a better home for local wildlife.
我们应该为当地的野生动物建立一个更好的家园。 教材P98
[解析] wildlife 名词，意为“野生动物”，在句中作主语或宾语。
wildlife park意为“野生动物园” wildlife protection意为“野生动物保护”
> We should protect wildlife. 我们应该保护野生动物。
> Wildlife is an important part of our ecosystem. 野生动物是我们生态系统的重要组成部分。
[辨析] wildlife与wild animals
wildlife:涵盖动植物，强调生态系统的整体性
wild animals:仅指动物，侧重具体物种
[一言辨异]
The forest is rich in wildlife, including many wild animals and various plants.
这片森林有丰富的野生生物，包括许多野生动物和各种各样的植物。
Quite a few desert plants also give animals food.
相当多的沙漠植物也给动物提供食物。 教材P98
[解析] quite a few意为“相当多，不少”，强调数量较多，接近many,
在句中通常作定语，用来修饰可数名词复数。
> Quite a few students passed the exam. 相当多的学生通过了考试。
> I have quite a few hobbies, such as reading, painting and dancing.
我有相当多的爱好，比如阅读、绘画和跳舞。
[辨析] quite a few与a few
quite a few:数量较多，接近many,含肯定语气
a few:数量较少(约3~5个) ,中性或轻微肯定
> There are quite a few students in the library. 图书馆里有相当多学生。
> I have a few books to read. 我有几本书要读。
3. The deep ocean isn't noisy. 深海并不嘈杂。 教材P99
[解析] noisy 形容词，意为“充满噪声的；吵闹的”，作定语或表语。
as noisy as意为“和...一样吵闹” too noisy to...意为“太吵而无法...”
> The noisy children played outside. 喧闹的孩子们在外面玩耍。
> The classroom was noisy during break. 课间休息时教室很吵闹。
[拓展]
noise 名词，意为“噪声；杂音；喧闹声”
> Please turn down the TV. The noise is too much for me.
请把电视音量调小。这噪声让我受不了。
noisily 副词，意为“喧闹地；嘈杂地”
> The monkeys jumped around noisily in the tree. 猴子们在树上喧闹地跳来跳去。
Grammar
一.动词及基本句型( II )
1.及物动词后接双宾语
(1)双宾语定义：
某些及物动词后可接两个宾语，即：间接宾语和直接宾语，构成“双宾语结构”，
间接宾语表示动作是对谁或为谁做的，通常指人；
直接宾语是动作的直接承受者，通常指物。
如：在“He gave me a book. "中， a book是直接宾语， me是间接宾语。
(2)句子结构：
主语+及物动词(需接双宾语)+间接宾语(指人)+直接宾语(指物)(S + V+IO+DO),
> He bought his daughter a gift. 他给女儿买了个礼物。
(3)双宾语的两种结构：
1)固定结构：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。
2)固定结构：主语+及物动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。
当直接宾语是代词或者为了强调间接宾语时，常使用此结构。
常用的介词有to和for.
使用介词to的动词：表示动作的“传递方向”或“接收者”，有:
give, send, show, lend, teach, pass, write, offer, hand, return等。
> She sent me a letter. = She sent a letter to me. 她寄给我一封信。
使用介词for的动词：表示动作的“受益者”或“目的”，有:
buy, cook, make, get, fetch, find, save, order等。
> She cooked us dinner. = She cooked dinner for us. 她为我们做了晚餐。
[注意]问接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前，但在以下情况下，间接宾语会后置：
当直接宾语是人称代词时，如： Give it tome.把它给我。不能说Give me it.
[例]
Which sentence has the same structure as "Hobo brought Eddie his clothes. "
A. The clouds became dark.
B. Eddie is watching Hobo work.
C. My father bought me a nice bag.
D. I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park.
2. Which of the following has the same sentence structure as "He bought his son some interesting books."
A. The news made all of us happy.
B. The children are reading some books.
C. Mr Li is teaching us a new English song.
D. He felt really tired out after a hard day's
2.及物动词后接宾语补足语
(1)宾语补足语(宾补)定义：
宾语补足语(宾补)用于补充说明宾语的状态、性质或动作，使句子意义完整，如：在
"She made the room clean,"中， the room是宾语，
clean是宾语补足语，用来补充说明房间的状态， the room和clean在逻辑上为主表关系。
(2)句子结构：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补(S+ V+ DO+ OC),
> They painted the wall blue. 他们把墙刷成了蓝色。
(3)宾语补足语的形式：
1)形容词作宾语补足语：用于说明宾语的特征或状态。
> The news made her happy. 这个消息让她高兴。
2)名词作宾语补足语：说明宾语的身份、职业等。
> They elected him president. 他们选他当总统。
3)副词作宾语补足语；通常表示宾语的位置或状态。
> Let him in. 让他进来。
4)介词短语作宾语补足语：说明宾语所处的位置或与其他事物的关系。
> We found the book on the desk. 我们发现书在桌子上。
5)现在分词作宾语补足语：表示宾语正在进行的动作，与宾语之间是主动关系。
> I heard her singing in the next room. 我听到她在隔壁房间唱歌。
6)过去分词作宾语补足语：表示宾语与动作之间是被动关系，或表示宾语所处的状态。
> He got his bike repaired. 他让人修了他的自行年。
7)不定式作宾语补足语：
带to的不定式：常见于ask, tell, want, wish, expect, order等动词后。
> The teacher told us to finish our homework. 老师告诉我们完成作业。
不带to的不定式：用于使役动词和感官动词,但在被动语态中，要加上to.
> Let him go. 让他走。
> He was seen to enter the room. 有人看见他进入房间。
[例]
The structure of the sentence "I saw him crossing the street. "is _______.
A. S+V+O B. S+V+P C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+IO +DO
2. -What is the structure of the sentence "We find The Anti-Bully Squad interesting. " -It is ____.
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+ OC
二.并列连词and. but. or和so
并列连词and, but, or和so用于连接语法功能相同的单词、短语、从句或句子。
> He likes apples and bananas. 他喜欢苹果和香蕉。
> He is very rich, but he is not happy. 他很富有，但他并不快乐。
> Hurry up, or you'll be late. 快点，否则你会迟到。
> It rained, so we stayed home. 下雨了，所以我们待在家里。
(1)并列连词and:
and意为“和；与；又；并且”，表示并列、顺承 或增补关系。
1)连接单词、短语或句子。
> The house is big and beautiful. 房子又大又漂亮。
> I got up early, and I caught the first bus. 我起得很早，赶上了首班公共汽车。
2)表示动作先后顺序。
> He stood up, picked up his bag and left the room. 他站起来，拿起包离开了房间。
3)祈使句+and +陈述句。
> Work hard. and you'll achieve your goal. 努力工作，你就会实现你的目标。
(2)并列连词but:
but意为“但是；可是”，表示转折或对比关系，用于引出与前文内容相反或相对的信息。
1)连接单词或短语。
> The movie was long, but interesting. 电影很长，但很有趣。
2)连接句子。
> He is young, but he is very wise. 他很年轻，但很聪明。
(3)并列连词or:
or意为“或者；还是；否则”，主要用于表示选择关系，
也可用于提出警告，说明不做某事会产生的后果。
1)表示选择：常用于疑问句或提供选择的语境中。
> Do you want coffee or tea 你要咖啡还是茶
2)用于否定句；连接并列的成分，代替肯定句中的and.
> He can't sing or dance. 他不会唱歌也不会跳舞。
3)表示“否则”：常用于祈使句后。
> Stop smoking, or you'll get sick. 戒烟，否则你会生病。
(4)并列连词so:
so意为“因此；所以”，表示因果关系，说明前面陈述的原因导致了后面的结果。
连接句子：连接两个句子，前句为原因，后句为结果。
> It was ill, so I didn't go to school. 我生病了，所以我没有去上学
[注意]在英语里， because和so, although/though和but不能同时出现在一个句子中，
因为它们都表达了因果或转折的逻辑关系，同时使用会造成语义重复。
[例]
1.- Dad, could you lift me up I can't see the parade.
- Stand on the high ground over there, _____ you'll be able to see it clearly,
A. Or B. So C. but D. and
2. Life is like a race. Keep running, ______ we'll fall behind.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
3. Mr Smith has helped me a lot, _____ I'm thankful to him.
A. or B. but C. So D. for
Word power
The ocean water is becoming dirtier because of different human activities, and this causes corals to die slowly.
由于不同的人类活动，海水变得越来越脏，这导致珊瑚缓慢死亡。 教材P100
[解析] cause 动词，意为“使发生，造成，导致”，强调直接引发结果，后面可直接跟宾语。
cause sb. to do sth. 意为“使某人做某事”
> Smoking can cause lung cancer. 吸烟会导致肺癌。
> The noise caused me to wake up. 噪声使我醒来。
[拓展] cause作名词，意为“原因；理由” the cause of 意为“...的原因”
> The cause of the fire was carelessness. 火灾的原因是粗心大意。
构词法：后缀-ly
1.形容词加后级-ly构成副词
(1)英语中，形容词后面加上后缀-ly能把形容词变为副词，
用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或者整个句子。
(2)规则：
1)直接加-ly:如quick- quickly; careful-carefully.
2)辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i加-ly,如angry-angrily; easy-easily
3)以-ue或-le结尾的形容词：去e加-ly,如true-truly; gentle-gently
2.名词加后缀-ly构成形容词
(1)英语中，名词后面加上后缀-y能把名词变为形容词，表示“具有...特征的；像...的”
(2)规则：
1)直接加-ly:如week- weekly; year-yearly
2)某些表示人的名词和一些抽象名词，直接加-ly,如child-childly; love-lovely;friend-friendly
3.形容词加后缀-ly构成形容词
英语中，形容词后面加上后缀-y能形成新形容词，表示“具有...特征的”，
如live-lively; kind-kindly
[例] The manager explained the problem so ________________(patient) that all the people were very happy.
Integration
1. The area provides food and cover for a lot of wildlife.
该地区为许多野生动物提供了食物和庇护所。 教材P101
[解析] cover 名词，意为“躲避处”，在句中作主语或宾语。
> They ran for cover during the storm. 他们在暴风雨中寻找庇护所。
[拓展]
cover作名词，还意为“覆盖物，盖子，罩子；封面，封皮”等。
> Put the cover back on the pot. 把锅盖盖回去。
> The cover of the book is very beautiful. 这本书的封面很漂亮。
cover作动词，意为“覆盖，遮盖；占据(面积);涉及，包含；报道”等。
be covered ___________ / by意为“被...覆盖”
> Please cover the baby with a blanket. 请用毯子把婴儿盖好。
> This book covers many aspects of history. 这本书涵盖了历史的许多方面。
> The TV station will cover the event live. 电视台将对这个事件进行现场报道。
2. This will lead to less space for wildlife.
这将导致野生动植物的(生存)空间越来越小。 教材P101
[解析] lead 动词，意为“造成(后果)” 过去式为led.
lead to意为“导致”，后面直接跟宾语来表示结果。
> Hard work leads to success. 努力工作通向成功。
> His carelessness led to the accident. 他的粗心导致了这次事故。
[拓展]
lead作动词，还意为“领导；引导；领先(比赛/竞争);过(某种生活)"等。
> The waiter led us to our table. 服务员把我们领到我们的桌子旁。
> She leads a team of excellent engineers. 她领导着一支优秀的工程师团队。
lead作名词，意为“领先地位：榜样；线索”等。
> She took the lead in organizing the event. 她带头组织活动。
> As a teacher, you should set a good lead for your students.
作为一名教师，你应该为你的学生树立一个好榜样。
> The police will follow up all possible leads. 警方将速踪所有可能的线索。
leader 名词，意为“领导者；领袖；首领”。
> He was not a natural leader. 他并非天生的领袖。
[例]They left the picnic place in the park without putting out the fire, so it _______ a big fire
last weekend. Luckily, no one was hurt.
A. Happened B. kept on C. started with D. led to
3. Governments can do this by creating laws to stop people from...
政府可以通过制定法律来阻止人们……来保护湿地。 教材P102
[解析] create 动词，意为“创建，创造”
create an opportunity/chance 意为“创造机会”
create sth. for sb. 意为“为某人创造某物”
> They created a charity organization to help poor children.
他们创建了一个慈善组织来帮助贫困儿童。
> The musician created a beautiful piece of music. 这位音乐家创作了一首优美的曲子。
[拓展]
creative 形容词，意为“有创造力的；造性的”
> A creative person can come up with new ideas easily.
有创造力的人能轻易想出新点子。
creator 名词，意为“创造者；创作者”。
> The creator of this opp is only 20 year sold. 这款应用的开发者仅20岁。
4. They can set up ... to help keep wetlands free from pollution...
他们可以成立…来保护湿地免受污染的危害... 教材P102
[解析] set up意为“建立”，在句中作谓语，表示创建某个组织、机构、系统等。
set up a school意为“创办一所学校”
> They set up a new company. 他们创立了一家新公司。
[拓展] set up还意为“竖起；搭建；安排”等。
> The children set up a huge swing in the park. 孩子们在公园里竖起了一个巨大的秋千。
> The teacher set up an interesting outdoor practical activity for the students.
老师为学生们安排了一次有趣的户外实践活动。
... and plant wetland trees to keep the ... balanced. ...种植湿地树木来保持...平衡。教材P102
[解析] balanced形容词，意为“保持平衡的” 在句中作定语或表语
反义词____balanced 意为“不平衡的”
well-balanced意为“均衡的” a balanced diet意为“均衡饮食”
> A balanced diet is important for good health. 均衡的饮食对健康很重要。
> In yoga practice, keeping the body balanced is an important skill.
在瑜伽练习中，保持身体平衡是一项重要的技能。
[拓展] balance作名词，意为“平衡；天平”等；作动词，意为“使平衡：权衡”等。
> He lost his balance and fell down. 他失去平衡摔倒了。
> You need to balance work and life. 你需要平衡工作和生活。
Education and knowledge are useful tools to help keep forests safe.
教育和知识是帮助保证森林安全的有用工具。 教材P103
[解析] knowledge 名词，意为“知识”，为不可数名词
knowledge of +名词 意为“对...的知识/了解”
to one's knowledge 为“据某人所知”
> Knowledge ___________ power. 知识就是力量。
> I gained a lot of knowledge from this book. 我从这本书中获得了很多知识。
[例] It's common ___________ that the Japanese eat sushi.
A. Information B. knowledge C. direction D. instruction
7. This will harm or even kill sea life. 这会伤害甚至杀死海洋生物。 教材P104
[解析] kill 动词，意为“杀死”，直接跟宾语，表示动作对象。
kill sth. for sb. 意为“为某人杀某物” kill of意为“消灭；杀光；使灭绝”
kill two birds with one stone意为“一石二鸟”。
> The hunter killed a deer. 猎人打死了一只鹿。
> The accident killed several people. 这场事故导致了几人死亡。
[拓展] kill作动词，还意为“消磨(时间)” kill time意为“消磨时间”
> We played games to kill time at the airport. 我们在机场玩游戏打发时间。
8. We can help solve the problems. 我们可以帮助解决问题。 教材P104
[解析] solve 动词，意为“解决；解答”，后面可直接跟接宾语。
solve a problem/mystery意为“解决问题/谜团”
> We must solve this problem as soon as possible. 我们必须尽快解决这个问题。
> His advice helped me solve the financial difficulty. 他的建议帮我解决了经济困难。
[拓展] solution 名词，意为“解决办法；解决方案；答案”
> We need to find a solution to this traffic problem. 我们需要找到解决这个交通问题的办法。
【写作】写提案保护某个生态系统的文章
1.常用写作短语
(1) ask for one's help向某人请求帮助
(2) many kinds of许多种类
(3) provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
(4) offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物
(5) face many problems面临许多问题
(6) harm sb. /sth. 伤害某人/某物
(7) encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
(8) join an environmental group 加入环保团体
2.常用写作句型
(1) Dear Sir or Madam, ...
(2) I am writing (to you) today because ...
(3) I want to ask you to
(4) ... Is / are home to
(5) One of the main problems is ...
(6) Another problem is ...
(7) Together we can ...
(8) It's meaningful to join ...
一、词语运用
A)根据中文提示写出单词。
1. The ____________(气候) in Hainan is warm all year round, so many tourists like to visit there.
2. You can ____________(贮存) these old books in the box to save space.
3. It was raining heavily, ___________(因此) we decided to stay at home.
4. The viruses are always changing, and the change may ______________ (创造) a new type.
5. Through years of hard work, she has had detailed _________________(知识) of the subject.
B)根据句意，选用方框中单词的正确形式填空。
include terrible balance environment happen
Among the patients that poor girl was ___________________ ill.
2. The government should prevent school bus accidents from _____________________ again.
3. The library has all kinds of books, __________________ storybooks, science magazines and history novels.
4. A(n) _________________ lifestyle includes enough sleep, exercise, and relaxation.
5. Students learned about ________________________ problems like pollution in science class.
二、单项选择
1. Work hard, ________ you won't be able to catch up with others.
A. and B. so C. but D. or
2. The marketplace in the morning is always full of _____ buyers and sellers, but I like to be quiet.
A. noisy B. funny C. angry D. lucky
3. Which one of the following words will be like "really" after adding "-ly"
A. final B. month C. love D. week
4. As we all know, an unbalanced diet will _______ some health problems.
A. work out B. stand for C. lead to D. write down
5. Our school club activities are very colourful. They _______ singing, dancing, drawing and playing chess.
A. carry B. include C. describe D. forget
6. This big classroom is amazing! It can _______ more than 100 students at the same time.
A. keep B. hold C. make D. bring
7. We should try our best to ______ rubbish in the park to keep it clean.
A. look for B. get rid of C. take care of D. run after
8. Which of the following has the same sentence structure as "He bought his daughter a toy cat."
A. He felt tired after the long walk. B. He cleans his room every day.
C. The bad news made him unhappy. D. He sent me a birthday card.
三、翻译句子
1.老师教我们如何一步步解决问题。
The teacher taught us __________________________________________________ step by step.
2.这家公司明年将在这座城市建立一个新工厂。
The company __________________________________ in this city next year.
3.玩火会造成大麻烦，所以永远不要这样做。
Playing with fire can _________________________________________________, so never do it.
4.熬夜会损害你的健康，让你在课堂上感到疲惫。
Staying up late can _____________________________________ and make you feel tired in class.
5.我们的科学老师拥有很多关于动植物的知识。
_______________________________________________________________________________
四、从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次
easy blow nature humour in the beginning
Once upon a time, there was a group of friends who loved hiking. They often went on hikes in the mountains to explore(探索) the 1.______________________ world.
One day, they decided to climb a strange mountain. 2.________________
everything seemed to be smooth. The sun was shining brightly and they were chatting and
laughing as they walked. Tom was the 3.________________________ one among them. He 4._____________________ made everyone laugh with his jokes so that their journey seemed easy. But as they went higher, the wind 5.________________ stronger.
they lead what help in trouble
Suddenly, they found they took a wrong path. They were getting a bit 6._______________.
Jack, who 7.___________________ the group at that time, started to feel worried. He remembered that he once read about this place before and knew they were 8._________________. While they were trying to find out 9.______________ to do, it started to rain heavily. They all got wet and felt cold. It wasn't the worst. The muddy(泥泞的) ground made it difficult for them to move forward!
It took them a long time to find their way back down the mountain. They learnt that they should always be more careful and get prepared next time. They told 10._____________ that they would not make the same mistake again.
五、阅读理解
Wetlands play an important role in the system. However, about 35 percent of the wetlands have been lost in the past 50 years. Hoping to protect the wetlands, Cui Luoyao and Lyu Haoyan created a mudskipper(弹涂鱼) amphibious robot(两栖机器人). They won the gold award of the 19th Soong Ching Ling Children's Invention Award on August 17.
"We wanted to make a simple robot to help collect data (数据), but traditional robots faced problems in wetlands," Cui said. As a kind of amphibious fish, the mudskipper is small and can move freely in wetlands. Inspired (启发) by the little creature, they added a special chest (胸腔)
and tail fin to their robot. The fin can help the robot move freely on land and swim underwater. 'They also learned coding to control(控制) the robot with their phones from far away. What's more, they put in different sensors(传感) to see plants and check the water quality(水质).
But things didn't always go well. How to keep the main electronics(电子元件) dry when the robot went underwater was a big problem during testing. "The 3D printed parts we used couldn't be sealed well," Lyu said. After trying different ways, they found that placing rubber rings in the gaps(缝隙) worked well to stop water from getting in.
After successfully controlling their robotic mudskipper land and underwater, they were happy with their success, "I feel so proud because our robot can help look into the places that people
cannot reach," said Cui.
1. The two girls created the robot to _____________.
A. protect wetlands B. check the water quality
C. complete their schoolwork D. learn more about amphibious fish
2. What does "the little creature" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. The mudskipper. B. The wetland. C. The robot fish. D. The animal.
3. What did the two girls use to control their robot
A. A tail fin. B. Their phones. C. A computer. D. Different sensors.
4. How did the two girls keep the electronics dry when the robot was underwater
A. By sealing the robot with tape. B. By adding a special cover to it.
C. By using more 3D printed parts. D. By putting rubber rings in the gaps.
六、阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通畅，结构完整，其中有两项为多余选项
Many students in the U. K. were unable to open their apps on their devices(设备) on 4 October 2024. According to the British government, around 16,000 students from 28 middle schools met this problem. 1.______ This was because someone hacked the app Mobile Watcher.
2.______ However, parents also found it impossible to check their children's study that night.
This made people think about if it takes students too much time to use their devices. UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) also asked countries to care about the way of education. 3.______
All the things they want to do is play computer games or watch online videos.
Online study may not be as good as people thought. The U. K. is not the only country finding this. 4.______ Canada made rules about screen time in schools. In Australia, more schools started to use paper books instead of computers.
5.______ They said that it was important for students to listen to their teachers instead of using iPads computers in class.
A. And the app helps parents decide how to let their children use their devices.
B. Many other countries also tried to mix real and online education together.
C. The students not only in Britain but also in France use apps.
D. This is because students can't spend enough time on their learning.
E. Some parents in London think using devices is bad for students' studies.
F. But some countries think it's useful to use devices.
G. All the notes on their devices were lost.
参考答案：
一、A) 1. climate 2. store 3. therefore 4. create 5. knowledge
B) 1. terribly 2. happening 3. including 4. balanced 5. environmental
二、
1. D句意：努力学习，否则你将无法赶上别人。根据Work hard和you won't be able to
catch up with others可知，努力学习，否则无法赶上别人。
A早上的市场总是挤满了吵闹的买卖双方，但“我”喜欢安静。
noisy吵闹的； funny有趣的； angry生气的； lucky幸运的。
A四个选项中只有A项是形容词，加-1y后变为副词。
C句意，众所周知，饮食不均衡会导致一些问题。
work out解决， stand for代表， lead to导致： write down 写下.
B carry携带， include包括； describe描述；forget忘记。
B keep保持，保留： hold容纳； make制作； bring带来。
B look for 找， get rid of清除； take care照顾； run after追赶。
D D项是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接语”结构，与题干中的句子结构相同。
三、1. how to solve problems 2. will set up a new factory 3. cause big trouble
4. harm your health 5. Our science teacher has a lot of knowledge about animals and plants.
四、1. natural 2. In the beginning 3. most humorous 4, easily 5. blew 6. helpless
7. was leading 8. in trouble 9. what 10. themselves
五、1. A 细节理解题，根据“Hoping to protect the wetlands, Cui Luoyao and Lyu Haoyan created a mudskipper amphibious bot. "可知，这两位女孩创造机器人是为了保护湿地。
2. A 推理判断题，根据“the mudskipper is small and can move freely in wetlands. Inspired by the little creature, they added a special chest and tail fin to their robot. "可知，弹涂鱼是一种两栖鱼类，体型小，可以在湿地自由活动，受到这个小生物的启发，她们给机器人加上了一个
特殊的胸部和尾鳍，因此the little creature指代的是the mudskipper.
3. B 细节理解题。根据“They also learned coding to control the robot with their phones from far away. "可知，她们用手机控制她们的机器人。
4. D 细节理解题。根据“After trying different ways, they found that placing rubber rings in the gaps worked well to stop water from getting in."可知，这两位女孩通过在缝隙中放置橡胶圈来保持电子元件干燥。
六、
1. G 此处讲的是英国学生遇到的问题。选项G"他们设备上的所有笔记都丢失了。"符
合语境。
2. A空处的内容和上文提到的应用程序有关。选项A"并且该应用程序帮助父母决定如何让他们的孩子使用他们的设备。"符合语境。
3, D空处应说明使用设备学习的缺点。选项D"这是因为学生不能在学习上花足够的时间。"
符合语境。
4. B此处讲的是其他国家对在线教育的态度，选项B"许多其他国家也试图将真实教育和
在线教育结合在一起。"符合语境。
5. E此处讲的是家长对使用设备的看法。选项E"一些伦敦的家长认为使用设备不利于学
生的学习。"符合语境。