2017高考英语一轮练习及答案—人教版选修8 Unit 4 Pygmalion

2017高考英语一轮练习及答案—人教版选修8Unit
4
选修8
一、单句语法填空
1．Most
of
the
studen
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts
are
willing
________
(condemn)
his
deed
in
the
class
as
lack
of
manners.
2.You
should
realize
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
that
your________
(remarkable)may
hurt
the
feelings
of
people
around
you.
3．People
who
harm
oth
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers
to
benefit
themselves
are
really
________
(disgust)．
4．I
would
have
no
________
(hesitate)in
declining
the
position.
5．It
was
at
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
wedding
that
I
first
made
the
________
(acquaint)of
him.
6．Yesterday
her
old
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
mother________
me
for
her
daughter.That
means
I
was
________
for
her
daughter.In
fact
she
often
makes
the
same________．(mistake)
7．Tom
is
often___
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____．Last
year
he
went
to
Shanghai
to
try
his
________．________
he
met
and
married
his
girlfriend
there.(fortune)
8．The
children
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )___________
(classify)
into
different
groups
according
to
how
much
they
know.
9．You
should
look
up
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
right
________
(pronounce)of
this
word
in
the
dictionary.
答案　
1.to
condemn　2.remarks　3.disgusting
4．hesitation　
5.acquaintanc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e　6.mistook；mistaken；mistake　7.fortunate；fortune；Fortunately　
8.were
classified　9.pronunciation
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The
computer
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
is
fast,
and
never
makes
a
mistake,
while
people
are
too
slow,
and
full
of
mistakes
sometimes.
That’s
__1__
people
often
say
when
__2__
talk
about
computers.
For
over
a
quarter
of
a
century,
scientists
have
been
__3__
better
and
better
computers.
Now
a
computer
can
__4__
a
lot
of
__5__
jobs
wonderfully.
It
is
__6__
used
in
factories,
hospitals,
post
offices
and
airports.
A
computer
can
report,
decide
and
control
in
almost
__7__
field.
Many
computer
scientists
are
thinking
of
__8__
the
computer
“think”
like
a
man.
With
the
help
of
a
person,
a
computer
can
__9__
pictures,
write
music,
talk
with
people,
play
chess,
recognize
voices,
translate
languages
and
so
on.
Perhaps
computers
will
__10__
really
think
and
feel.
Do
you
think
the
people
will
be
afraid
__11__
they
find
that
the
computer
is
too
clever
to
listen
to
and
serve
the
people
No,
people
will
__12__
better
use
of
the
computers
in
__13__
future.
Man
is
__14__
the
master
of
the
computer.
The
computer
works
only
__15__
the
help
of
man.
It
cannot
take
the
place
of
man.
名师点评
本文讲述了电脑在人类工作与生活等方面起着越来越大的作用，并告诉人们不必担心不断发展的电脑会威胁人类的安全，因为它永远处于人类的操纵之中。
(B)1.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
how
D.
why
【解析】B。这里需要一个表语从句的引导词，并在从句中作say的宾语，代替上文的内容。
what从意思和语法上都合乎文意，为正确选项。
(B)2.
A.
we
B.
they
C.
you
D.
people
【解析】B。替代前文的people应用they。
(C)3.
A.
loving
B.
taking
C.
making
D.
thinking
【解析】C。科学家们一直在制造越来越好的电脑，故选择making。
(C)4.
A.
have
B.
get
C.
do
D.
offer
【解析】C。do
a
lot
of
jobs意思为“干许多事情”。其余三个动词皆不合文意。
(A)5.
A.
everyday
B.
every
day
C.
each
day
D.
some
day
【解析】A。词组every
day意思
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为“每天”；some
day指将来的“某一天”；形容词everyday意思为“日常的”，合乎文意，为正确选项。
(A)6.
A.
widely
B.
wide
C.
great
D.
deeply
【解析】A。这里应选择一个副词，表示电脑应用的程度。widely意思是“广泛地”，为正确选项。
(D)7.
A.
either
B.
all
C.
both
D.
every
【解析】D。下文中的field是可数名词单数形式，意思为“领域”，而either指两者中的任意一个，不合文意，故选择every。
(C)8.
A.
producing
B.
ordering
C.
making
D.
building
【解析】C。make作使役动词时，后面应接不定式的复合结构，且不定式省去to，即make
sb.
do
sth.，故选择make。
(C)9.
A.
take
B.
look
at
C.
draw
D.
put
【解析】C。draw意思为“画图”，合乎文意。
(A)10.A.
one
day
B.
a
day
C.
any
day
D.
the
other
day
【解析】A。the
other
day
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )指过去的某一天；one
day既可指过去的某一天，也可指将来的某一天。这里讲的是将来的设想，故选one
day。
(A)11.A.
when
B.
that
C.
how
D.
while
【解析】A。这是一个时间状语从句。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )while引导的从句中的动词必须是延续性动词；when引导的从句中，动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词，故when为正确选项。
(D)12.A.
chose
B.
get
C.
take
D.
make
【解析】D。固定结构make
use
of意思为“利用”。
(C)13.A.
a
B.
an
C.
the
D.
/
【解析】C。in
the
future意思为“将来”，为正确选项。而in
future意思为“今后”，不合文意。
(C)14.A.
often
B.
never
C.
always
D.
sometimes
【解析】
C。根据上下文，电脑是不可能取代人类的，而人类应永远是电脑的操纵者，故选always
(A)15.A.
with
B.
under
C.
by
D.
for
【解析】A。固定结构with
the
help
of意思为“在……的帮助下”。
三、阅读理解
A段
【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
(2015·江苏)
In
the
United
States
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
alone，over
100
million
cell phones
are
thrown
away
each
year.Cell phones
are
part
of
a
growing
mountain
of
electronic
waste
like
computers
and
personal
digital
assistants.The
electronic
waste
stream
is
increasing
three
times
faster
than
traditional
garbage
as
a
whole.
Electronic
devices
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
contain
valuable
metals
such
as
gold
and
silver.A
Swiss
study
reported
that
while
the
weight
of
electronic
goods
represented
by
precious
metals
was
relatively
small
in
comparison
to
total
waste，the
concentration(含量)of
gold
and
other
precious
metals
was
higher
in
so called
e waste
than
in
naturally
occurring
minerals.
Electronic
wastes
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lso
contain
many
poisonous
metals.Even
when
the
machines
are
recycled
and
the
harmful
metals
removed，the
recycling
process
often
is
carried
out
in
poor
countries，in
practically
uncontrolled
ways
which
allow
many
poisonous
substances
to
escape
into
the
environment.
Creating
produc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts
out
of
raw
materials
creates
much
more
waste
material，up
to
100
times
more，than
the
material
contained
in
the
finished
products.Consider
again
the
cell phone，and
imagine
the
mines
that
produced
those
metals，the
factories
needed
to
make
the
box
and
packaging(包装)it
came
in.Many
wastes
produced
in
the
producing
process
are
harmful
as
well.
The
U．S.
Environmen
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tal
Protection
Agency
notes
that
most
waste
is
dangerous
in
that“the
production，distribution，and
use
of
products—as
well
as
management
of
the
resulting
waste—all
result
in
greenhouse
gas
release.”Individuals
can
reduce
their
contribution
by
creating
less
waste
at
the
start—for
instance，buying
reusable
products
and
recycling.
In
many
countries
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
concept
of
extended
producer
responsibility
is
being
considered
or
has
been
put
in
place
as
an
incentive(动机)for
reducing
waste.If
producers
are
required
to
take
back
packaging
they
use
to
sell
their
products，would
they
reduce
the
packaging
in
the
first
place
Governments'
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncentive
to
require
producers
to
take
responsibility
for
the
packaging
they
produce
is
usually
based
on
money.Why，they
ask，should
cities
or
towns
be
responsible
for
paying
to
deal
with
the
bubble
wrap(气泡垫)that
encased
your
television
From
the
government
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s'
point
of
view，a
primary
goal
of
laws
requiring
extended
producer
responsibility
is
to
transfer
both
the
costs
and
the
physical
responsibility
of
waste
management
from
the
government
and
tax payers
back
to
the
producers.
文章大意：文章主要讲述了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关解决措施。
1．By
mentioning
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Swiss
study，the
author
intends
to
tell
us
that________.
A．the
weight
of
e goods
is
rather
small
B．e waste
deserves
to
be
made
good
use
of
C．natural
minerals
contain
more
precious
metals
D．the
percentage
of
precious
metals
is
heavy
in
e waste
答案：B　推断判断题。结合第二段第一句“
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Electronic
devices
contain
valuable
metals
such
as
gold
and
silver.”可知，该段主要讲述电子设备中包含有很多贵重的金属；下文引用瑞士的研究进一步论证电子垃圾中的贵重金属含量比自然矿产中的高。由此可知，作者提及瑞士的研究旨在告诉我们电子垃圾应该得到很好的利用。故正确答案为B。
2．The
responsibility
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f
e waste
treatment
should
be
extended________.
A．from
producers
to
governments
B．from
governments
to
producers
C．from
individuals
to
distributors
D．from
distributors
to
governments
答案：B　细节理解题。结合文章最后一
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句“...a
primary
goal
of
laws
requiring
extended
producer
responsibility
is
to
transfer
both
the
costs
and
the
physical
responsibility
of
waste
management
from
the
government
and
tax payers
back
to
the
producers.”可知，电子垃圾的责任应该从政府延伸到生产者。故正确答案为B。
3．What
does
the
passage
mainly
talk
about
A．The
increase
in
e waste.
B．The
creation
of
e waste.
C．The
seriousness
of
e waste.
D．The
management
of
e waste.
答案：D　主旨大意题。本文从电子垃圾与
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )日俱增这一现象出发，分析了电子垃圾治理的必要性，并对一些国家政府将电子垃圾治理的责任延伸到生产者这一考虑进行评述。由此可知，本文通篇是围绕着电子垃圾治理这一话题展开的。故正确答案为D。
B段
【2016高考训练题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
One
hometown
owner
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
Detroit
is
intending
to
exchange
his
villa
for
the
latest
iPhone
6.
The
owner
has
dro
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pped
the
asking
price
from
$
5,000
to
a
new
iPhone
6
as
the
owner
is
desperate
to
sell
before
the
tax
auction
(拍卖)
season
where
“thousands”
of
homes
near
foreclosure
(房屋止赎权)
will
flood
into
the
market,
a
real
estate
broker
(房地产经纪人)
called
Larry
Else
told
ABC
News.
“This
house
is
rea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly
not
worth
much
at
all,”
Else
said.
The
windows
are
broken
and
there
is
no
front
door.
The
broker
himself
has
not
been
inside
the
home
because
his
company
has
a
policy
of
not
going
in
unsecured
houses
alone.
Detroit’s
declining
fortunes
have
left
its
population
about
a
third
of
what
it
used
to
be
in
its
peak,
according
to
the
U.S.
Census
Bureau（人口普查办公室）.
Now,
the
property
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as
accrued
(拖欠)
more
than
$6,000
in
back
taxes
(退税款)
and
will
enter
foreclosure
next
year
if
that
debt
is
not
settled.
So
while
the
owner
is
asking
for
an
iPhone
6,
the
true
cost
of
the
sale
comes
from
the
buyer
including
the
cost
of
the
back
taxes.
That
attracted
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
great
interest
in
the
property,
as
Else
said
that
he
received
four
offers
today
alone.
One
woman
said
she
was
interested
in
the
house
for
the
wood.
Another
said
that
they
would
be
willing
to
hand
over
an
iPhone
5,
and
another
offered
$
850.
But
Else
hinted
that
the
most
likely
buyer
is
someone
who
already
lives
on
the
block
and
put
in
a
$
700
bid（出价）,
and
their
familiarity
with
the
area
appeared
to
put
them
at
the
head
of
the
pack.
He
said
he
expects
one
of
the
four
offers
to
work
out,
and
may
even
confirm
the
sale
tonight.
This
is
not
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
end
of
his
bartering
(物物交换)
business,
however,
as
Else
said
that
he’s
already
gotten
another
call
from
a
homeowner
who
has
had
trouble
selling
their
property.
1、Why
did
the
owner
drop
his
price
for
the
house
Because
the
house
was
too
old.
Because
there
is
a
boom
in
economy.
Because
he
wanted
to
sell
the
house
quickly.
Because
the
population
in
Detroit
is
small.
2、Larry
Else
hasn’t
come
into
the
house
because
_______.
it
is
dangerous
to
enter
it
the
owner
doesn’t
permit
it
he
is
not
familiar
with
the
area
it
will
break
the
company’s
rule
3、The
house
will
most
possibly
be
sold
at
the
price
of
_______.
A.
$
5,000
B.
$
850
C.
$
700
D.
an
iPhone
6
4、The
passage
is
most
probably
taken
from
________.
A.
a
story
book
B.
a
news
report
C.
an
economy
report
D.
a
tourist
brochure
参考答案1—4、CDCB
四、七选五
(2015·山东济南市5月针对性训练)
For
some
people，the
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )armest
memories
from
childhood
come
from
being
read
a
great
story.__1__
It
develops
children's
language
skills
and
increases
their
ability
to
succeed
in
school
and，later，work.
A
new
report
by
the
Am
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erican
Academy
of
Pediatrics
says
reading
aloud
is
so
important
that
parents
should
start
as
soon
as
their
children
are
born
and
continue
to
read
aloud
even
after
their
children
can
read
by
themselves.They
say
parents
should
also
point
to
and
talk
about
pictures
in
books
for
infants(婴幼儿)．__2__
The
company
Scholastic
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
is
a
major
U．S.publisher
of
children's
books.Every
two
years，Scholastic
publishes
a
report
on
American
reading
attitudes
and
habits.The
2015
report
says
only
31
percent
of
children
in
the
U．S.read
a
book
for
fun
almost
every
day.
__3__
One
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )simply
to
have
books
in
the
home.Elizabeth
Lyttleton，the
mother
of
three，is
lucky.Her
mother
once
wrote
and
illustrated
children's
books，so
the
family
always
have
plenty
to
read.She
says
all
her
children
learn
from
books
but
in
different
ways.__4__
Researchers
from
the
Scholastic
company
found
that
80%of
children
surveyed
of
all
ages
say
they
love
being
read
to.And
children
ages
6
to
11
whose
parents
do
not
read
to
them
anymore
say
they
miss
it.
__5__
Of
all
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
six
to
17 year olds
in
the
Scholastic
study，more
than
90%said
their
favorite
books
are
the
ones
they
chose
for
themselves.
A．The
Scholastic
repo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rt
also
suggests
permitting
children
to
choose
their
own
books.
B．Scholastic
also
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dentifies
some
ways
to
develop
a
love
of
reading
in
a
child.
C．A
book
does
not
have
to
be
serious
to
be
good
for
kids.
D．For
young
children，parents
should
ask
questions
about
the
book.
E．Do
children
still
read
for
fun
F．Another
way
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )develop
a
reading
habit
in
children
is
to
read
to
them.
G．But
reading
to
children
does
more
than
create
warm
memories.
文章大意：作者主要介绍父母们给孩子读书的好处，帮助孩子养成良好的读书习惯，喜欢读书，让孩子受益一生。
1．G　根据空前后与G中的关键词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )warm
memories，reading，being
read，children，childhood等可知答案。
But是关键提示词，首句意思是：对于很多人来说，童年最温暖的回忆(the
warmest
memory)就是有人给读故事(being
read
a
great
story)。选项G的“warm
memories”对应空格前的“the
warmest
memory”；“reading
to
children”对应空格前的“being
read
a
great
story”和空格后的“it”。并且，选项G中的“more
than”对应空格后的“It
develops
children's
language
skills(开发孩子的语言能力)and
increases
their
ability
to
succeed
in
school,
and
later,
work(并且增强孩子的学习能力和日后的职场能力)”。说明给孩子读故事的好处，不只是空格前的一句，还有空格后的两大好处，故选G。
2．D　根据空前后与D中的关键词：pa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rents，questions，children，book，questions等。根据第二段的“start
as
soon
as
their
children
are
born”和“infants(婴儿)”等词可以看出。本段讲的是要尽早开始培养阅读兴趣。D选项提到了“young
children(幼儿)”一词，可以与本段的上文形成照应。而且，选项D的“ask
questions”与上文的“point
to”和“talk
about”都是给幼儿读书时可以用到的方法，是并列关系。可知答案选D。
3．B　根据空前后与B中的关键词w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays，love
for
reading等判断。
空格后的“One”是重点提示词。根据对本段结构的分析，后文有方法之一“One”，所以就会有方法之二。而3题位于本段开头，所以极有可能是总起本段。选项B中的“some
ways”就能起到总起全段的作用。而且选项B的“develop
a
love
of
reading
in
a
child”(开发孩子对阅读的热爱之情)在意思上也能统帅后文，都是讲的培养孩子阅读热情的方法。故答案选B。
4．F　根据空前后与F中的关键词an
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )other，one，read
to
them，being
read等。3空格后的“One”是重要提示词。3空格后“One”一句是说方法之一是“to
have
books
in
the
home”(家里有书)。那么下文就应该会有方法之二。在结构上形成对应上的只有F选项，因为F选项有“Another”一词。而且，F选项的“to
develop
a
reading
habit
in
children”在意思上顺承前一句，且能领起下一句，照应下句的“they
love
being
read
to”。可知答案选F。
5．A　根据空前后与A中的关键词：ch
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oose，own，themselves等。空格后的一句说“their
favorite
books
are
the
ones
they
chose
for
themselves”(孩子们最喜欢的书是他们自己选择的那些书)，说的是自主选择对于培养阅读兴趣的重要性。选项A中的“choose
their
own
books”正好对应空格后的“chose”。空格后的一句是对于选项A的进一步阐释。而且，选项A中的“The
Scholastic
report”对应上文的“Scholastic”。由此可知答案选A。