课件34张PPT。MODULE 2(4)Grammar & writingTraffic Jam黑龙江省哈尔滨市 邱尚瑛1. Grammar – Imperatives
2. Talk and write about the traffic problems in your town1. Master the grammar
2. Use imperatives correctlyImperatives Today we will review imperatives and look at these sentences about dos or don’ts on page 17. All of the statements are imperatives. Pay attention to the usage of the verbs.
( Do … / Don’t … ) GrammarThe imperative 祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议、号召等的句子，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号“!”或句号“。”，一般用降调朗读。
1）祈使句的肯定形式：
(1) 祈使句主语是you时，you常省略，但如果要特别强调对方或表达某种强烈的情绪时可以有主语或称呼语。
Be quiet. 请安静。
You be quiet！你给我安静点！GrammarThe imperative(2)“Do + 祈使句”表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。
Do come back at once！务必立即返回！
Do be careful.务必小心。
(3) please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分分开。
Open the window, please. 请打开窗户。GrammarThe imperative(4) Let引导祈使句时，后面需跟上人称代词或称呼语，人称代词一般只用第一、第三人称，表示建议。
Let Jack wait a minute. 让杰克等一会。
Let’s go to school. 我们上学去吧。
这个句型里的“let”后紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语。如： (a) Let me try.
(b) Let's do it.
(c) Let me go and look for it.GrammarThe imperative(5) Let’s和Let us的区别：
Let’s 包括说话者和听话者；
Let us 一般不包括听话者，后跟“shall we？” 时包括说话者和听话者。
Let’s go skating, shall we？咱们去溜冰吧，好吗？（包括自己在内）
Let us try again, will you？让我们再试一次，好吗？（向他人发出请求）GrammarThe imperative2）祈使句的否定形式：
(1) 祈使句的否定式在句首加Don't。
如：Don't forget me !
别忘记我!
Don't be late for school !
上学不要迟到!GrammarThe imperative(2) Let引导祈使句的否定式有两种：
“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 ”；
“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 ”。
Don't let him go.
Let him not go.
别让他走。GrammarThe imperative (3) 有些祈使句用no开头，表示“禁止做某事”，其句结构为“No + V-ing”。
通常用于公共场所禁止、警告的提示语。
No smoking, please ! 请勿吸烟!
No parking here! 此处禁止停车!
No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!GrammarLook at the signs on page 16 and say what they do.Grammar 1. They give advice.
2. They give instructions.
3. They give information.
4. They give permissionLook at the sign and say what the sign mean.GrammarThe sign means ---Turn rightGrammarLook at the sign and say what the sign mean.Don’t go faster than 90 kph.GrammarLook at the sign and say what the sign mean.Don’t turn left.
(no left turn)GrammarLook at the sign and say what the sign mean.Don’t stop.
(no parking)GrammarLook at the sign and say what the sign mean.Don’t walk.
(no pedestrians)They give instructionsDon’t turn left. Don’t stop. Don’t walk. 1. Switch off the motor.
2. Turn on the car radio.
3. Speak to your passengers.
4. Follow the rules of the road.
5. Keep coolDos and don'ts for motoristsTick the ones when stuck in a traffic jamDos for motorists when stuck in a traffic jam.1. Leave the motor on.
2. Blow your horn.
3. React when others drive badly.
4. Break the rules of the road.
5. Get angry.Dos and don'ts for motoristsDon’ts for motorists when stuck in a traffic jam.Tick the ones when stuck in a traffic jam1. a road which goes around a city _______
2. a red one means ‘stop’, a green on means ‘go’ ________
3. the business time of the day ________
4. a part of the road reserved for bicycles
________
5. work in progress on a road ________
6. the centre of the city ________ring roadtraffic lightsrush hourbicycle laneroad workscity centreSpeaking practiceThe answer to the Ex. 1Why not limit the number of ________ , or follow Shanghai and build ________ in the sky?carsroadsSpeaking practiceThe answer to the Ex. 1 on page 17* The road are very busy .Why not take the underground?* Buses are always crowded. Why not use the minibuses?* The rush hour is terrible. Why not travel at a different time?Speaking practiceThe answer to the Ex. 2 on page 17* There aren’t enough road.Why not build new ones?* Too many people break the rules. Why not employ more traffic policemen?* There isn’t any room for cars to park. Why not build underground car parks?Speaking practiceThe answer to the Ex. 2 on page 17Travel in Beijing 1. The writer divided the passage into two parts. The first part is about problems, and the second part is about the solutions.
2. Put forward the problems first, and give some advice to solve the problems.Writing practiceRead the passage carefully and find the way to write a better passage.Travel in Beijing 1. How many problems does the writer talk about?
2. What are the causes of the problems?
Writing practiceRead the passage again and answer the question. The writer talks about four problems, such as too many cars, terrible air, buses stuck, accidents with cyclists.The town is old, the streets are narrow.Travel in Beijing 3. How many solutions does the writer find?
4. Who are they in ‘They should close to the city centre’?
Writing practiceRead the passage again and answer the question. The writer find two solutions. They should close the city centre to all traffic except buses and bikes, and build large car park outside the town.‘They’ means the local government.Travel in Beijing 5. Why does the writer divide the passage into two parts?
Writing practiceRead the passage again and answer the question. The writer wants readers to know that the first part talks about problems, and the second part talks about solutions.Writing practiceSampleThe problem about cars is very serious these days. The number of the cars is increasing rapidly. It leads to the terrible air pollution, and there are big traffic jams on the roads every day especially when it snows. If you go around on streets, you will find the cars parking every where.Write a similar passage about your townWriting practiceSampleThe government should make great efforts to solve the problems so as to make our town harmony. They should limit the number of cars, build roads in the sky, and build underground lines. They can also establish new cities in the countryside so that the people could be away from the old cities.Write a similar passage about your townWriting Choose the best explanationEveryday English Pedicabs are worth using if you want to explore old Beijing. .
A. Pedicabs cost a lot to us
B. It can be a good idea to use pedicabs.
2. There was no way I was going to catch the plane .
A. All the roads to the airport were closed.
B. It was impossible to catch the plane. Writing Choose the best explanationEveryday English It’s enough to drive you mad.
A. I t can make you get angry.
B. It can make you drive badly.4. Keep cool !
A. Don’t get angry.
B. Wear light clothes. 1. Review what we’ve learned in the unit.
2. Do the exercise book.HomeworkHomeworkLet’s end of this part.
Thank you !Thank YouGoodbye and Good Luck2. Practice describing the traffic jamcorrectly.
学习正确描述交通阻塞问题。
3. Master he use of the imperative.
掌握祈使句的用法。
Difficult points 难点
1. Describe the traffic jamcorrectly.
正确描述交通阻塞。
2. Talk about the traffic problemcorrectly.
正确谈论交通问题。
Teaching methods 教学方法
1. Multi-media teaching.
多媒体教学
2. Writing on the blackboard.
板书
3. Class activities: discussion in pairs and in class. 21*cnjy*com
课堂活动：分组讨论
Teaching procedures 教学过程
[Grammar, pronunciation & writing]
Step one
Grammar
1. Lead in
Today we will learn and review imperative.
Look at these sentences about dos or don’ts on page 17.21世纪教育网版权所有
All of the statements are imperatives. Pay attention to the usage of the verbs.
( Do … / Don’t … )
今天，我们来学习和复习祈使句。请看17页上关于“做”与“不做”的句子。所有这些句子都是祈使句。请注意祈使句中动词的用法。
2. The usage of imperative. 祈使句的用法
祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议、号召等的句子，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号“!”或句号“。”，一般用降调朗读。21·世纪*教育网
Let’s包括说话者和听话者；
Let us一般不包括听话者，后跟“shall we？”时包括说话者和听话者。
Let’s go skating, shall we？咱们去溜冰吧，好吗？（包括自己在内）
Let us try again, will you？让我们再试一次，好吗？（向他人发出请求）
2）祈使句的否定形式：
(1) 祈使句的否定式在句首加Don't。
如：Don't forget me! 别忘记我!
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
(2) Let引导祈使句的否定式有两种：
“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形”；
“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 ”。如：
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
(3) 有些祈使句用no开头，表示“禁止做某事”，其句结构为“No + V-ing”。 它通常用于公共场所禁止、警告的提示语。21cnjy.com
No smoking, please ! 请勿吸烟!
No parking here! 此处禁止停车!
No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!
3. The exercise 1 on page 16
Look at the signs on page 16 and say what they do.21·cn·jy·com
看看课本16页的标识，说一说其作用。
1) They give advice.
2) They give instructions.
3) They give information.
4) They give permission
Check the answer on screen
Look at the sign and say what the sign mean.
1) The sign means ---Turn right
2) Don’t go faster than 90 kph.
3) Don’t turn left. (no left turn)
4) Don’t stop. (no parking)
5) Don’t walk. (no pedestrians)
Step two
Speaking practice
1. Speaking
Look at the signs and say what the signs mean and check the answers on screen.
2. The exercise 3 on page 17
Do the exercise individually first and then discuss with your partner.
Check the answers on screen.
Step three
Speaking
1. The exercises
Do the exercises 1 and 2 individually first and then check the answer on screen.
2. Work in groups
Put the students into four groups to talk about the traffic problems and suggestions. One of the students in every group should come up with a list.
把学生分成四个小组讨论有关交通问题比年提出建议。每一个小组都要列出建议表。
3. Class activity
Ask students to read their list of the problems. And call back the problems and suggestions from the whole class.21教育网
请每组的学生朗读自己小组的列表，并在全班展示问题与建议。
Step four
Writing practice
Read the passage carefully and find the way to write a better passage.
仔细阅读短文，并找出些一篇较好短文的方法。
* 1. The writer divided the passage into two parts. The first part is about problems, and the second part is about the solutions.www.21-cn-jy.com
作者把短文分为两部分，第一部分提出问题，第二部分提出解决方法。
* 2. Put forward the problems first, and give some advice to solve the problems.
先提出问题，再给出建议或者解决问题的方法。
The writer wants readers to know that the first part talks about problems, and the second part talks about solutions.2·1·c·n·j·y
3. Write a similar passage about your town
Look at the sample writing on the screen please.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
The problem about cars is very serious these days. The number of the cars is increasing rapidly. It leads to the terrible air pollution, and there are big traffic jams on the roads every day especially when it snows. If you go around on streets, you will find the cars parking every where.www-2-1-cnjy-com
The government should make great efforts to solve the problems so as to make our town harmony. They should limit the number of cars, build roads in the sky, and build underground lines. They can also establish new cities in the countryside so that the people could be away from the old cities.2-1-c-n-j-y
Step five
Everyday English
1. Do the exercises individually and then check with your partner.
2. Check the answers on screen.
Homework
1. Review what we’ve learned in the unit.
2. Do the exercise book.
